专题03 代词与介词（结构化知识+题型提升练）2027年高考英语一轮复习能力突破

该高中英语高考复习知识清单系统整理了代词与介词专题，涵盖代词的基本概念、类别及主要用法（含人称、物主、反身、指示等九类），介词的分类、核心用法（时间、地点、方式等）及固定搭配，构建了结构化的语言知识网络。 清单采用表格化呈现核心内容，如人称代词形式纵览表、反身代词固定搭配表等，标注高考高频易错点（如it的特殊用法、no one与none辨析），并配套题型强化练（单选、语法填空等）。通过分类梳理与对比分析，培养学生语言能力与思维品质，助力自主复习，为教师提供系统教学支持。

2027年高考英语一轮复习能力突破（结构化知识+题型提升练） 专题03 代词与介词 目录 第一部分 必备知识结构化清单 梳理必备的语言知识点，夯实语言基础能力 第二部分 必备能力题型强化练 必备知识与能力提升练，提升语言运用能力 ◇Part 01 必备知识结构化清单 代词 一、代词基本概念 项目 内容 定义 用来代替名词、名词短语、句子，避免重复的词，可在句中作主语、宾语、表语、定语等。 句法功能 主语、宾语、表语、定语、同位语 二、代词的类别 三、主要用法 （一）人称代词 & 物主代词 & 反身代词（最高频） 1. 形式纵览 人称 人称代词主格 (作主语) 人称代词宾格 (作宾语) 形容词性物主代词(定语) 名词性物主代词 (名性成分) 反身代词 我 I me my mine myself 你 you you your yours yourself 他 he him his his himself 她 she her her hers herself 它 it it its its itself 我们 we us our ours ourselves 你们 you you your yours yourselves 他们/她们/它们 they them their theirs themselves 2. 核心用法 ①主格 vs 宾格 规则：动词前用主格，动词/介词后用宾格 例句：She likes English.（主格，主语） We all like her.（宾格，动词宾语） ②形容词性物主代词 + 名词；名词性物主代词 = 形物代+名词 例句：This is my book. = This book is mine. ③反身代词 固定搭配 固定搭配 释义 例句 enjoy oneself 玩得开心 They enjoyed themselves at the party. teach oneself 自学 She teaches herself French. help oneself to 随便吃/用 Help yourself to some fruit. by oneself 独自、单独 He finished the work by himself. dress oneself 自己穿衣服 The kid can dress himself now. （二）指示代词 this / that / these / those 1.基础用法 this/these：指代近处、当下、下文 that/those：指代远处、前文、同类不同物 2.高频考点 that/those 替代名词 that 替代单数不可数名词/单数可数名词 those 替代复数可数名词 例句：The weather in Beijing is colder than that in Guangzhou.（that=the weather） The books here are better than those on the desk.（those=the books） 3.指代整句话：that 常指代上文整件事 例句：He failed the exam. That made his parents sad. （三）相互代词 词汇 使用范围 所有格 例句 each other 两者互相 each other's We help each other's families. one another 三者及以上互相 one another's Students should learn from one another. （四）不定代词（重难点，词义辨析核心） 1. some & any some：肯定句，表“一些”；可用于表请求/建议的疑问句 any：否定句、一般疑问句，表“任何” 例句：I have some friends. Would you like some tea?（请求，不用any） I don't have any money. 2. many & much / few & little 代词 修饰对象 含义 例句 many 可数名词复数 许多（肯定） Many students like music. much 不可数名词 许多（肯定） Much water has been used. few 可数名词复数 几乎没有（否定） Few people know the truth. a few 可数名词复数 有一些（肯定） I have a few pens. little 不可数名词 几乎没有（否定） There is little milk left. a little 不可数名词 有一点（肯定） Add a little sugar. 3. both / either / neither（两者范围） both (两者都)：复数谓语，both of + 复数 either (两者任一)：单数谓语，either of + 复数 neither (两者都不)：单数谓语 例句：Both of them are doctors. 例句：Either answer is right. 例句：Neither plan works. 4. all / none（三者及以上） all：全部（肯定），可接单/复数谓语 none：全都不（否定），常回答 how many/how much 例句：All is well.（一切顺利） —How many birds? —None. 5. one / ones / it it：代同一物；one：代同类不同物（单数）；ones：同类不同物（复数） 例句：I lost my pen. I found it later.（同一支） I don't like this pen. I want a new one.（同类另一支） （五）复合不定代词（someone/anything 等） 构成：some/any/every/no + body/one/thing 核心规则： ① 作主语，谓语动词用单数 ② 形容词后置（修饰词放代词后面） 例句： Everyone is here.（主谓一致） There is something important today.（定语后置） 固定搭配： nothing but 仅仅、只 → He did nothing but sleep. （六）疑问代词（who/whom/whose/what/which） who：主格，问人（主语） whom：宾格，问人（宾语，口语可用who代替） whose：谁的（表所属） what：泛指“什么”；which：有范围的“哪一个” 例句：Who is talking? 例句：Which book do you prefer?（有选择范围） （七）关系代词 & 连接代词（从句专用，高考语法填空核心） 1. 关系代词（定语从句） 关系代词 指代 句法成分 例句 who 人 主语/宾语 The girl who helped me is my classmate. whom 人 宾语 The man whom you met is a teacher. whose 人/物 定语 This is the house whose window is broken. which 物 主语/宾语 The book which I bought is interesting. that 人/物 主语/宾语 This is the best film that I have seen. 2. 连接代词（名词性从句：主/宾/表/同位语从句） 常用：what, who, whom, whose, which 特点：在从句中充当成分，不可省略 例句：What he said is true.（主语从句，what作宾语） 四、高考代词高频易错点汇总（考前必记） 1.it 特殊用法 形式主语/形式宾语：It is easy to learn English. 指代天气、时间、距离：It is raining. 2.no one vs none no one：只指人，回答 who none：可指人/物，回答 how many/how much 3.不定代词 + of 结构主谓一致 all/some/most of + 不可数 → 谓语单数 all/some/most of + 可数复数 → 谓语复数 4.代词不作定语只用名词性代词 错误：This book is my. 正确：This book is mine. 介词 一、介词基本概念 介词（Preposition）不能单独作句子成分，后接名词、代词、动名词、从句等构成介词短语，主要表示词与词之间的时间、地点、方向、方式、原因、伴随、所属等逻辑关系。 二、介词分类（按形式划分） 分类 定义 常见词汇 例句 简单介词 由单个单词构成，最基础介词 in, on, at, by, for, with, to, from, of, about, over, under She lives in Beijing. （她住在北京。） 复合介词 由两个单词合成 inside, outside, onto, into, throughout, upon Walk into the classroom quietly. （安静走进教室。） 短语介词 由多个单词组合，相当于一个介词 because of, instead of, thanks to, according to, due to He was late because of heavy rain. （他因大雨迟到。） 双重介词 两个介词连用，表递进/范围 from behind, from under, out of A cat ran from behind the tree. （一只猫从树后跑出来。） 三、核心介词用法（高考高频） （一）时间介词（必考） 介词 核心用法 例句 at 1. 具体时刻、整点 2. 节日、年龄 3. 固定短语 He gets up at 6:30. （他六点半起床。） at Christmas / at 18 in 1. 年、月、季节、世纪 2. 泛指上午/下午/晚上 3. 一段时间之后（将来时） We have classes in spring. （我们春天上课。） in the morning / in 2025 on 1. 具体日期、星期 2. 具体某天的早/中/晚 3. 节日当天 We will meet on Monday. （我们周一见面。） on Children’s Day during 在……期间（强调过程） I read books during the holiday. （假期里我看书。） for 后接时间段，表动作持续多久 He has stayed here for two days. （他在这待了两天。） since 后接时间点，主句常用现在完成时 She has lived here since 2020. （她2020年起住在这里。） ▲易混辨析： in + 泛指早中晚；on + 具体某天的早中晚 例：on a cold morning（在一个寒冷的早晨） （二）地点/方位介词（高频） 介词 核心用法 例句 in 大地点（国家/城市/区域）；内部 There are many trees in the park. （公园里有很多树。） on 表面上；线/街道上 A book is on the desk. （桌上有一本书。） at 小地点（车站、家门、路口） Wait for me at the school gate. （在校门口等我。） under 正下方（垂直） The ball is under the chair. （球在椅子下面。） over 正上方（不接触）；越过 A bird flew over the roof. （一只鸟飞过屋顶。） above 斜上方（不垂直、不接触） The plane is flying above the clouds. （飞机在云层上方飞行。） beside 在旁边 She sits beside me. （她坐在我旁边。） between 两者之间 The river runs between two villages. （河流在两个村子之间。） among 三者及以上之间 He is popular among his classmates. （他在同学中很受欢迎。） （三）方式/工具介词 介词 用法 例句 by 1. 交通工具（零冠词） 2. 方式、手段 go by bus 坐公交 Learn English by listening. （靠听来学英语。） in 语言、材料、方式（抽象） talk in English 用英语交谈 write in ink 用墨水书写 with 具体工具、身体部位 Cut it with a knife. （用刀切它。） see with eyes 用眼睛看 （四）原因/目的介词 介词 用法 例句 for 目的、主观原因 He studies hard for his future. （他为未来努力学习。） with 情绪、身体原因 tremble with fear 吓得发抖 because of 客观原因（后接名词/短语） He cried because of sadness. （他因伤心落泪。） due to 由于（正式，常作表语/状语） The game was put off due to rain. （比赛因雨推迟。） （五）其他常用介词（伴随、比较、关于） 介词 用法 例句 with 伴随、带有 a girl with long hair 长发女孩 without 没有 We can’t live without water. （没有水我们无法生存。） of 所属关系、部分与整体 the door of the room 房间的门 about 关于、大约 a story about animals 一个关于动物的故事 四、示例：介词固定搭配（动词/形容词/名词+介词） 1. 动词 + 介词 搭配（核心） 搭配 释义 例句 look for 寻找 I’m looking for my pen. look after 照顾 She looks after her grandma. depend on 依靠、取决于 Success depends on hard work. wait for 等待 Don’t wait for me. listen to 听 Listen to the teacher carefully. belong to 属于 This book belongs to Tom. deal with 处理、应对 How to deal with the problem? agree with 同意（人/观点） I agree with you. complain about 抱怨 Don’t complain about everything. 2. 形容词 + 介词 搭配 释义 例句 be good at 擅长 He is good at math. be interested in 对……感兴趣 I am interested in music. be afraid of 害怕 She is afraid of dogs. be strict with sb. 对某人严格 Teachers are strict with us. be strict in sth. 对某事严格 He is strict in his work. be famous for 因……闻名 China is famous for the Great Wall. be proud of 为……骄傲 We are proud of our country. be different from 与……不同 My style is different from yours. 3. 名词 + 介词 搭配 搭配 释义 例句 a visit to 参观、拜访 a visit to the museum 参观博物馆 the key to ……的钥匙/答案 the key to the question 问题答案 the way to 去……的路 the way to school 上学的路 reason for ……的原因 the reason for being late 迟到原因 ▲介词重要语法考点（高考易错点） 1. 介词后接 动名词 doing（重中之重） 规则：介词后面不能接动词原形，动词必须变为 doing 形式。 例句1：He is good at playing basketball.（play→playing） 例句2：Thank you for helping me.（help→helping） 例句3：She left without saying goodbye.（say→saying） 2. 介词短语作状语/表语 作状语：In the morning, we do reading.（时间状语） 作表语：My pen is on the desk.（表语） ◇Part 02 必备能力题型强化练 一、单项选择 1．—Tom thinks that he will be admitted to Harvard University. —But in my opinion, he is a boy who is always taking for granted. A．that B．anything C．nothing D．it 2．The play is OK. When do you intend _____ at the theatre? A．to put it on B．to put on it C．puts it on D．to putting it on 3．—Have you heard about Huawei P30?   —Sure. It is very hot these days. I’m thinking about getting ________. A．one B．them C．that D．it 4．——________ French book is this? ——It must belong to _________. She' s the only one that is studying French. A．Who's; Li Ying B．Who's; Li Ying's C．Whose; Li Ying D．Whose; Li Ying's 5．He amazed ________ all with his kindness and his beautiful, gentle, caring spirit. A．our B．we C．us D．ours 6．Your trousers_______ dirty, you must have_______washed. A．is; it B．are; it C．are; them D．is; them 7．Our neighbors gave _____ a baby bird yesterday that hurt ______ when it fell from its nest. A．us, it B．us, itself C．ourselves, itself D．ourselves, it 8．Almost 90% of the most popular video games contain violence, and much of ______ is extremely violent. A．which B．it C．them D．those 9．And tears like ______ shall keep thy(你的) memory green, /as Isabella did her Basil-tree. A．mine B．me C．myself D．you 10．—Is this dictionary _________? —No, it isn’t. I left my dictionary at home. A．your B．yours C．yourself D．you 11．—Are those books ________? —No, they are not mine. They belong to ________. A．your; he B．yours; her C．your; hers D．yours; she 12．The schools in Qinhuai District will develop the museum courses suitable for children during______school time. A．they B．their C．them D．theirs 13．—Is that model plane? —Yes, it’s . My sister sent it to me. A．your; my B．your; mine C．you; me D．yours; mine 14．—Oh! I came in a hurry and forgot to bring food. —Never mind. You can have __________. A．us B．ours C．you D．yours 15．This is __________ classroom. Where is __________? A．our；them B．us；they C．our；theirs D．ours；theirs 16．Safety is very important for ________. So we must learn how to protect ________. A．everyone; ourselves B．anyone; ourselves C．everyone; us D．anyone; us 17．Some fast-developing countries around the world don’t care about protecting ________ against environmental pollution. A．themselves B．them C．it D．itself 18．Mr. Green taught ________ English in our school and taught________ French at home. A．us, his B．him, us C．us, himself D．our, himself 19．—A friend of________ thinks she won't pass the exam. —I think she should believe in________. That's the secret to success. A．my aunt; her B．my aunt's; her C．my aunt's; herself 20．I don’t want to be ______ else. I just want to be ______. A．anybody; myself B．somebody; myself C．everybody; me D．anybody; me 21．Chance favors only the prepared mind.That is telling us to be prepared until the opportunity presents ______ . A．one B．itself C．you D．this 22．China is larger than ______ in Africa. A．any country B．any other country C．any countries D．any of countries 23．I had a fever, and I thought I ate ________ because I had a stomachache. A．nothing bad B．something bad C．bad nothing D．bad something 24．On a hot day ________ is more attractive than a glass of iced cola — it makes me energetic in a minute. A．everything B．something C．anything D．nothing 25．The day before yesterday, Linda waited for a reply, but ________ came. A．none B．another C．neither D．either 26．I’ll spend half of my holiday practicing English and ______ half learning drawing. A．another B．the other C．other’s D．other 27．All of us have the desire to visit the three main temples in Athens, especially ______ that contains a gold and ivory statue of Athena. A．the one B．one C．the ones D．those 28．______ determined to be successful in his career should have team spirit. A．Those who B．Whoever C．Anyone D．Whomever 29．If you see things in a negative light, you will find faults and problems where there are really ______. A．nothing B．some C．many D．none 30．Hardly _________ heard of us, let alone been influenced by our lives. A．anybody has B．nobody has C．has anybody D．has nobody 31．Last Saturday, only two people came to the basketball court, ________wanted to play with me. A．none of them B．both of them C．none of whom D．neither of whom 32．In some important way they are very different from one ______. A．other B．another C．others D．each other 33．We should respect ________ opinions during the discussion. A．each other B．each other’s C．each others’ D．each others 34．It seemed so sad that the two, who had been lovers, pretended not to recognize ________ when they met in the street. A．neither B．the other C．each other D．another 35．Building a new school is one thing, while keeping it running smoothly is quite_______. A．the other B．another C．neither D．others 36． When they met, they stopped and said hello to_______. A．each other B．each another C．the other each D．each one 37．As we all know, nothing learned from textbooks matters as much as ________ gained from real life experience. A．it B．one C．that D．those 38．He made a discovery, ______ of great importance to the whole field of science, ______ puzzled all leading experts. A．which; that B．one; which C．what; / D．it; which 39．—How do you find the baked bread on display? —Well, delicious! But I don’t think much of ________ you bought. A．the one B．it C．that D．which 40．The views from the top of the newly built tower are far more breathtaking than ________ from the old one. A．that B．one C．those D．ones 41．Airport food and drinks are usually more expensive than ________ outside for several practical and economic reasons. A．it B．that C．ones D．those 42．My learning method in senior high is different from ________ of the other students. A．one B．that C．which D．it 43．The best job is _____ which uses your skill in doing something with your interest in the subject. A．that B．the one C．one D．it 44．The educational resources provided for urban students are far more abundant than _________ offered to rural areas in some underdeveloped provinces. A．one B．that C．those D．ones 45．The structure of this report, though well-organized, is more complicated than ______ we usually submit for internal meetings. A．it B．that C．one D．such 46．The study reveals that the way of education in Canada is quite different from in China. A．one B．it C．that D．those 47．________ is still not decided whether we will have a sports meet this term. A．It B．What C．This D．That 48．The young artist found ________ difficult to get her paintings to be recognized by the local audience. A．how B．it C．this D．that 49．It’s reported that many teenagers in this country think ________ challenging but useful to apply AI tools in their learning. A．that B．it C．themselves D．this 50．I suppose the Almighty too grew weary, ______ scripture says He rested ______ the seventh day after creation, thus setting ______ humanity an eternal rhythm of labor and rest. A．as, in, / B．because, on, on C．for, on, for D．since, for, for 51．________ a cold day of November, the little girl was found dead. A．In B．At C．On D．For 52．Helen was walking down the street ________ the evening, her arms filled with grocery bags. A．on B．at C．in D．for 53．The number of online shoppers in this area has increased by 30% this year. What sentence element is the underlined part? A．Attributive. B．Adverbial. C．Predicative. D．Complement. 54．The library is located ________ the corner of the street, ________ the post office and the bank. A．at; between B．in; among C．on; beside D．to; near 55．Beijing is ________ the north of China, and Japan is ________ the east of China. A．in; in B．to; to C．in; to D．to; in 56．Choose the correct prepositional phrase to complete the sentence: The students were discussing the topic ________ the classroom. A．in B．at C．on D．within 57．There 5.5 magnitude (震级) earthquake Pingyuan, Shandong province August 6th, 2023. A．is a; in; in B．was a; in; on C．was an; in; on D．was an; on; in 58．Yuan Longping graduated___________ Southwest Agricultural College in 1953. A．from B．for C．on D．about 59．I improve my spoken English ______ watching English movies. A．of B．on C．by D．in 60．On the desk ________ a Chinese brush ________ he had made drawing. A．lay; with which B．lied; by which C．laid; in which D．lay; by which 61．You must finish that task on time ________ any means. A．by B．with C．in D．on 62．She couldn’t speak, but she made her wishes known ________ gestures. A．by all means B．by means of C．by no means D．by this means 63．As the saying goes, you can’t judge a book ________ its cover. A．as B．with C．by D．for 64．I will go to the cinema this Saturday, Would you like to go _______ me? A．with B．at C．in D．of 65．________ butterflies in my stomach, I breathed deeply. A．For B．With C．In D．On 66．________ the car approaching ________ the Tian An Men Square, we saw many tourists saluting to the Five-starred Red Flag. A．As; to B．While; \ C．With; \ D．For; to 67．Sherlock Holmes was born a detective, ______ quite a few cases ______ his keen observation and natural instinct for human nature. A．which, was based on B．whose, based on C．though, was based on D．with, based on 68．As far as I ________ , the questions ________ the future of the company is worth discussing. A．am concerned; concerning B．am concerned; concerned C．concerned; concerning D．concerned; concerned 69．Gun control is a subject ________ which Americans have argued for a long time. A．of B．with C．about D．into 70．There is going to ____ a report ____ Chinese history in our school this evening. A．have; on B．be; on C．have; for D．be; of 71．________ the cultural differences, the film's advertising materials should have explained, in brief, the moral behind Ne Zha's story to make it more attractive to foreign audiences. A．Considered B．Supposed C．Given D．Provided 72．Usually, I am sensible with money, as I have to be, _________that I don’t earn that much. A．given B．giving C．having been given D．having given 73．The reason ______ his being late was ______ he got up late. A．why; that B．why; because C．for; that D．for; because 74．It ______ American James Allison and Japanese Tasuku Honjo who won the 2018 Nobel Prize in Medicine ______ discoveries leading to new approaches in using the immune system to fight cancer. A．was; whose B．were; of whom C．was; for D．were; whose 75．Joe’s Chinese composition is good ________ his poor handwriting. A．except B．but C．besides D．except for 76．China is willing to share the fruits of its development with other nations ________ are bullying others for their own profits. A．but those who B．except for those C．but for who D．except those that 77．All the students went on a school trip ______ Tom because he was ill. A．besides B．beside C．expect D．except 78．The food in this restaurant is delicious. __________, the price is quite reasonable. A．In addition B．In addition to C．As well as D．Beside 79．________more information about the package tour around Peru, please contact us________ tourinfo@travelperu.org. A．For; on B．For; at C．With; on D．With; at 80．—I can’t find your sister, where is she? —She’s gone away ________ the weekend. A．in B．at C．for D．on 81．Betty is good ________ kids. She wants to be a teacher in the future. A．for B．to C．with D．at 82．Henry set up a club for football fans,_____ he invited all his friends. A．to which B．to whom C．for whom D．from which 83．Thinking is a more important ability _________ note-taking and memorizing. A．of B．than C．as D．then 84．Iron is more useful ______ any other metal. A．as B．than C．then D．so 85．—Why did you choose Jennifer as the leader of the team? —No one was equal ______ her ______ skills and experience. A．to; on B．with; on C．with; in D．to; in 86．This middle school is attached _____a normal college. A．for B．by C．to D．in 87．Were the men they noticed some recruited for the navy? A．the ones B．who C．of whom D．/ 88．______ that Neil Armstrong wanted to take a football to the Moon, we could even say that it is also the most popular sport out of this world! A．Giving B．To give C．Given D．Having given 89．________ the markets with which younger investors grew up, this may not be surprising that markets have dealt them a bad hand, but they could be playing it better. A．Giving B．Given C．To give D．Having been given 90．________ being the first Chinese astronaut to be in space, Yang Liwei’s life has been mostly unknown to the public. A．Though B．Without C．Despite D．Thanks to 91．________ all the difficulties, we should never ________. A．Although; lose heart B．Although; lose the heart C．Despite; lose heart D．Despite; lose the heart 92．He said he couldn’t have won the Best Actor ________ the support of his friends. A．through B．without C．from D．on 二、语法填空 As I walked 93 the city streets, I passed a young man searching through a small block of land that contained a mix of leaves and rubbish. I was somewhat puzzled why someone 94 him would be searching through rubbish. Finding this a little odd, I asked him, “What are you searching 95 ?” He replied very simply that he was looking for money. After talking 96 him for a little longer, I found out that he had become homeless after getting laid 97 from his job. Since then, he had been working 98 part-time jobs in a doctor’s office and in a food bank to earn some money. But he made so little that he lost heart. The man seemed fairly talented, although he was a little dirty. I told him that our thoughts create our reality, and I suggested that he not give 99 and think 100 a positive way. During the whole talk, what I stressed was that he was young and that everything was possible. Although he didn’t respond 101 the spot, my sense told me that what I said seemed to have an effect 102 him. 三、完形填空 Holi is a joyous Hindu festival that has been celebrated in India for centuries. At the end of winter, people get ready to 103 the beginning of spring. Holi celebrations also serve as a 104 of the great success of good over evil, a very famous ancient story locally. What 105 me deeply is the main celebration the next day, also called The Festival of Color. We 106 in our guesthouse, with our hosts, their families, and some other guests, and we had a lot of fun throwing 107 powder (粉末), called gulal, and smearing (涂抹) it on each other. We walked all over town, greeting everyone we met and having color 108 onto our faces by locals everywhere we went, while we did the same 109 . Much more than painting a pretty picture, the colors hold special 110 : Red symbolizes love, fertility (富饶), and marriage; blue 111 god and belief, while green stands for new beginnings. There were other 112 around, but it was mostly locals and people of all ages were so happy and excited. Everyone was so overcome with 113 that they came right up to us and hugged us. Friends and family visited each other to 114 festive sweets and good wishes. This festival really 115 people’s kindness and warmth and made you feel what it is like to be a kid again. The thing I love about this festival is that you can just wander 116 to enjoy the celebrations. There are many organized Holi 117 you can go to in different cities. 103．A．welcome B．decorate C．reflect D．figure 104．A．moment B．medium C．belief D．reminder 105．A．awarded B．greeted C．impressed D．benefited 106．A．searched B．started C．announced D．performed 107．A．romantic B．colored C．fancy D．grateful 108．A．belonged B．cured C．absorbed D．spread 109．A．in return B．in brief C．in advance D．in public 110．A．composition B．atmosphere C．significance D．occasion 111．A．ranges B．represents C．features D．respects 112．A．villagers B．guides C．organizers D．foreigners 113．A．joy B．surprise C．relief D．faith 114．A．explain B．exchange C．congratulate D．inspire 115．A．set up B．got through C．brought out D．led to 116．A．freely B．creatively C．legally D．personally 117．A．stages B．marches C．events D．attractions ( 1 / 2 )学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 2027年高考英语一轮复习能力突破（结构化知识+题型提升练） 专题03 代词与介词 目录 第一部分 必备知识结构化清单 梳理必备的语言知识点，夯实语言基础能力 第二部分 必备能力题型强化练 必备知识与能力提升练，提升语言运用能力 ◇Part 01 必备知识结构化清单 代词 一、代词基本概念 项目 内容 定义 用来代替名词、名词短语、句子，避免重复的词，可在句中作主语、宾语、表语、定语等。 句法功能 主语、宾语、表语、定语、同位语 二、代词的类别 三、主要用法 （一）人称代词 & 物主代词 & 反身代词（最高频） 1. 形式纵览 人称 人称代词主格 (作主语) 人称代词宾格 (作宾语) 形容词性物主代词(定语) 名词性物主代词 (名性成分) 反身代词 我 I me my mine myself 你 you you your yours yourself 他 he him his his himself 她 she her her hers herself 它 it it its its itself 我们 we us our ours ourselves 你们 you you your yours yourselves 他们/她们/它们 they them their theirs themselves 2. 核心用法 ①主格 vs 宾格 规则：动词前用主格，动词/介词后用宾格 例句：She likes English.（主格，主语） We all like her.（宾格，动词宾语） ②形容词性物主代词 + 名词；名词性物主代词 = 形物代+名词 例句：This is my book. = This book is mine. ③反身代词 固定搭配 固定搭配 释义 例句 enjoy oneself 玩得开心 They enjoyed themselves at the party. teach oneself 自学 She teaches herself French. help oneself to 随便吃/用 Help yourself to some fruit. by oneself 独自、单独 He finished the work by himself. dress oneself 自己穿衣服 The kid can dress himself now. （二）指示代词 this / that / these / those 1.基础用法 this/these：指代近处、当下、下文 that/those：指代远处、前文、同类不同物 2.高频考点 that/those 替代名词 that 替代单数不可数名词/单数可数名词 those 替代复数可数名词 例句：The weather in Beijing is colder than that in Guangzhou.（that=the weather） The books here are better than those on the desk.（those=the books） 3.指代整句话：that 常指代上文整件事 例句：He failed the exam. That made his parents sad. （三）相互代词 词汇 使用范围 所有格 例句 each other 两者互相 each other's We help each other's families. one another 三者及以上互相 one another's Students should learn from one another. （四）不定代词（重难点，词义辨析核心） 1. some & any some：肯定句，表“一些”；可用于表请求/建议的疑问句 any：否定句、一般疑问句，表“任何” 例句：I have some friends. Would you like some tea?（请求，不用any） I don't have any money. 2. many & much / few & little 代词 修饰对象 含义 例句 many 可数名词复数 许多（肯定） Many students like music. much 不可数名词 许多（肯定） Much water has been used. few 可数名词复数 几乎没有（否定） Few people know the truth. a few 可数名词复数 有一些（肯定） I have a few pens. little 不可数名词 几乎没有（否定） There is little milk left. a little 不可数名词 有一点（肯定） Add a little sugar. 3. both / either / neither（两者范围） both (两者都)：复数谓语，both of + 复数 either (两者任一)：单数谓语，either of + 复数 neither (两者都不)：单数谓语 例句：Both of them are doctors. 例句：Either answer is right. 例句：Neither plan works. 4. all / none（三者及以上） all：全部（肯定），可接单/复数谓语 none：全都不（否定），常回答 how many/how much 例句：All is well.（一切顺利） —How many birds? —None. 5. one / ones / it it：代同一物；one：代同类不同物（单数）；ones：同类不同物（复数） 例句：I lost my pen. I found it later.（同一支） I don't like this pen. I want a new one.（同类另一支） （五）复合不定代词（someone/anything 等） 构成：some/any/every/no + body/one/thing 核心规则： ① 作主语，谓语动词用单数 ② 形容词后置（修饰词放代词后面） 例句： Everyone is here.（主谓一致） There is something important today.（定语后置） 固定搭配： nothing but 仅仅、只 → He did nothing but sleep. （六）疑问代词（who/whom/whose/what/which） who：主格，问人（主语） whom：宾格，问人（宾语，口语可用who代替） whose：谁的（表所属） what：泛指“什么”；which：有范围的“哪一个” 例句：Who is talking? 例句：Which book do you prefer?（有选择范围） （七）关系代词 & 连接代词（从句专用，高考语法填空核心） 1. 关系代词（定语从句） 关系代词 指代 句法成分 例句 who 人 主语/宾语 The girl who helped me is my classmate. whom 人 宾语 The man whom you met is a teacher. whose 人/物 定语 This is the house whose window is broken. which 物 主语/宾语 The book which I bought is interesting. that 人/物 主语/宾语 This is the best film that I have seen. 2. 连接代词（名词性从句：主/宾/表/同位语从句） 常用：what, who, whom, whose, which 特点：在从句中充当成分，不可省略 例句：What he said is true.（主语从句，what作宾语） 四、高考代词高频易错点汇总（考前必记） 1.it 特殊用法 形式主语/形式宾语：It is easy to learn English. 指代天气、时间、距离：It is raining. 2.no one vs none no one：只指人，回答 who none：可指人/物，回答 how many/how much 3.不定代词 + of 结构主谓一致 all/some/most of + 不可数 → 谓语单数 all/some/most of + 可数复数 → 谓语复数 4.代词不作定语只用名词性代词 错误：This book is my. 正确：This book is mine. 介词 一、介词基本概念 介词（Preposition）不能单独作句子成分，后接名词、代词、动名词、从句等构成介词短语，主要表示词与词之间的时间、地点、方向、方式、原因、伴随、所属等逻辑关系。 二、介词分类（按形式划分） 分类 定义 常见词汇 例句 简单介词 由单个单词构成，最基础介词 in, on, at, by, for, with, to, from, of, about, over, under She lives in Beijing. （她住在北京。） 复合介词 由两个单词合成 inside, outside, onto, into, throughout, upon Walk into the classroom quietly. （安静走进教室。） 短语介词 由多个单词组合，相当于一个介词 because of, instead of, thanks to, according to, due to He was late because of heavy rain. （他因大雨迟到。） 双重介词 两个介词连用，表递进/范围 from behind, from under, out of A cat ran from behind the tree. （一只猫从树后跑出来。） 三、核心介词用法（高考高频） （一）时间介词（必考） 介词 核心用法 例句 at 1. 具体时刻、整点 2. 节日、年龄 3. 固定短语 He gets up at 6:30. （他六点半起床。） at Christmas / at 18 in 1. 年、月、季节、世纪 2. 泛指上午/下午/晚上 3. 一段时间之后（将来时） We have classes in spring. （我们春天上课。） in the morning / in 2025 on 1. 具体日期、星期 2. 具体某天的早/中/晚 3. 节日当天 We will meet on Monday. （我们周一见面。） on Children’s Day during 在……期间（强调过程） I read books during the holiday. （假期里我看书。） for 后接时间段，表动作持续多久 He has stayed here for two days. （他在这待了两天。） since 后接时间点，主句常用现在完成时 She has lived here since 2020. （她2020年起住在这里。） ▲易混辨析： in + 泛指早中晚；on + 具体某天的早中晚 例：on a cold morning（在一个寒冷的早晨） （二）地点/方位介词（高频） 介词 核心用法 例句 in 大地点（国家/城市/区域）；内部 There are many trees in the park. （公园里有很多树。） on 表面上；线/街道上 A book is on the desk. （桌上有一本书。） at 小地点（车站、家门、路口） Wait for me at the school gate. （在校门口等我。） under 正下方（垂直） The ball is under the chair. （球在椅子下面。） over 正上方（不接触）；越过 A bird flew over the roof. （一只鸟飞过屋顶。） above 斜上方（不垂直、不接触） The plane is flying above the clouds. （飞机在云层上方飞行。） beside 在旁边 She sits beside me. （她坐在我旁边。） between 两者之间 The river runs between two villages. （河流在两个村子之间。） among 三者及以上之间 He is popular among his classmates. （他在同学中很受欢迎。） （三）方式/工具介词 介词 用法 例句 by 1. 交通工具（零冠词） 2. 方式、手段 go by bus 坐公交 Learn English by listening. （靠听来学英语。） in 语言、材料、方式（抽象） talk in English 用英语交谈 write in ink 用墨水书写 with 具体工具、身体部位 Cut it with a knife. （用刀切它。） see with eyes 用眼睛看 （四）原因/目的介词 介词 用法 例句 for 目的、主观原因 He studies hard for his future. （他为未来努力学习。） with 情绪、身体原因 tremble with fear 吓得发抖 because of 客观原因（后接名词/短语） He cried because of sadness. （他因伤心落泪。） due to 由于（正式，常作表语/状语） The game was put off due to rain. （比赛因雨推迟。） （五）其他常用介词（伴随、比较、关于） 介词 用法 例句 with 伴随、带有 a girl with long hair 长发女孩 without 没有 We can’t live without water. （没有水我们无法生存。） of 所属关系、部分与整体 the door of the room 房间的门 about 关于、大约 a story about animals 一个关于动物的故事 四、示例：介词固定搭配（动词/形容词/名词+介词） 1. 动词 + 介词 搭配（核心） 搭配 释义 例句 look for 寻找 I’m looking for my pen. look after 照顾 She looks after her grandma. depend on 依靠、取决于 Success depends on hard work. wait for 等待 Don’t wait for me. listen to 听 Listen to the teacher carefully. belong to 属于 This book belongs to Tom. deal with 处理、应对 How to deal with the problem? agree with 同意（人/观点） I agree with you. complain about 抱怨 Don’t complain about everything. 2. 形容词 + 介词 搭配 释义 例句 be good at 擅长 He is good at math. be interested in 对……感兴趣 I am interested in music. be afraid of 害怕 She is afraid of dogs. be strict with sb. 对某人严格 Teachers are strict with us. be strict in sth. 对某事严格 He is strict in his work. be famous for 因……闻名 China is famous for the Great Wall. be proud of 为……骄傲 We are proud of our country. be different from 与……不同 My style is different from yours. 3. 名词 + 介词 搭配 搭配 释义 例句 a visit to 参观、拜访 a visit to the museum 参观博物馆 the key to ……的钥匙/答案 the key to the question 问题答案 the way to 去……的路 the way to school 上学的路 reason for ……的原因 the reason for being late 迟到原因 ▲介词重要语法考点（高考易错点） 1. 介词后接 动名词 doing（重中之重） 规则：介词后面不能接动词原形，动词必须变为 doing 形式。 例句1：He is good at playing basketball.（play→playing） 例句2：Thank you for helping me.（help→helping） 例句3：She left without saying goodbye.（say→saying） 2. 介词短语作状语/表语 作状语：In the morning, we do reading.（时间状语） 作表语：My pen is on the desk.（表语） ◇Part 02 必备能力题型强化练 一、单项选择 1．—Tom thinks that he will be admitted to Harvard University. —But in my opinion, he is a boy who is always taking for granted. A．that B．anything C．nothing D．it 2．The play is OK. When do you intend _____ at the theatre? A．to put it on B．to put on it C．puts it on D．to putting it on 3．—Have you heard about Huawei P30?   —Sure. It is very hot these days. I’m thinking about getting ________. A．one B．them C．that D．it 4．——________ French book is this? ——It must belong to _________. She' s the only one that is studying French. A．Who's; Li Ying B．Who's; Li Ying's C．Whose; Li Ying D．Whose; Li Ying's 5．He amazed ________ all with his kindness and his beautiful, gentle, caring spirit. A．our B．we C．us D．ours 6．Your trousers_______ dirty, you must have_______washed. A．is; it B．are; it C．are; them D．is; them 7．Our neighbors gave _____ a baby bird yesterday that hurt ______ when it fell from its nest. A．us, it B．us, itself C．ourselves, itself D．ourselves, it 8．Almost 90% of the most popular video games contain violence, and much of ______ is extremely violent. A．which B．it C．them D．those 9．And tears like ______ shall keep thy(你的) memory green, /as Isabella did her Basil-tree. A．mine B．me C．myself D．you 10．—Is this dictionary _________? —No, it isn’t. I left my dictionary at home. A．your B．yours C．yourself D．you 11．—Are those books ________? —No, they are not mine. They belong to ________. A．your; he B．yours; her C．your; hers D．yours; she 12．The schools in Qinhuai District will develop the museum courses suitable for children during______school time. A．they B．their C．them D．theirs 13．—Is that model plane? —Yes, it’s . My sister sent it to me. A．your; my B．your; mine C．you; me D．yours; mine 14．—Oh! I came in a hurry and forgot to bring food. —Never mind. You can have __________. A．us B．ours C．you D．yours 15．This is __________ classroom. Where is __________? A．our；them B．us；they C．our；theirs D．ours；theirs 16．Safety is very important for ________. So we must learn how to protect ________. A．everyone; ourselves B．anyone; ourselves C．everyone; us D．anyone; us 17．Some fast-developing countries around the world don’t care about protecting ________ against environmental pollution. A．themselves B．them C．it D．itself 18．Mr. Green taught ________ English in our school and taught________ French at home. A．us, his B．him, us C．us, himself D．our, himself 19．—A friend of________ thinks she won't pass the exam. —I think she should believe in________. That's the secret to success. A．my aunt; her B．my aunt's; her C．my aunt's; herself 20．I don’t want to be ______ else. I just want to be ______. A．anybody; myself B．somebody; myself C．everybody; me D．anybody; me 21．Chance favors only the prepared mind.That is telling us to be prepared until the opportunity presents ______ . A．one B．itself C．you D．this 22．China is larger than ______ in Africa. A．any country B．any other country C．any countries D．any of countries 23．I had a fever, and I thought I ate ________ because I had a stomachache. A．nothing bad B．something bad C．bad nothing D．bad something 24．On a hot day ________ is more attractive than a glass of iced cola — it makes me energetic in a minute. A．everything B．something C．anything D．nothing 25．The day before yesterday, Linda waited for a reply, but ________ came. A．none B．another C．neither D．either 26．I’ll spend half of my holiday practicing English and ______ half learning drawing. A．another B．the other C．other’s D．other 27．All of us have the desire to visit the three main temples in Athens, especially ______ that contains a gold and ivory statue of Athena. A．the one B．one C．the ones D．those 28．______ determined to be successful in his career should have team spirit. A．Those who B．Whoever C．Anyone D．Whomever 29．If you see things in a negative light, you will find faults and problems where there are really ______. A．nothing B．some C．many D．none 30．Hardly _________ heard of us, let alone been influenced by our lives. A．anybody has B．nobody has C．has anybody D．has nobody 31．Last Saturday, only two people came to the basketball court, ________wanted to play with me. A．none of them B．both of them C．none of whom D．neither of whom 32．In some important way they are very different from one ______. A．other B．another C．others D．each other 33．We should respect ________ opinions during the discussion. A．each other B．each other’s C．each others’ D．each others 34．It seemed so sad that the two, who had been lovers, pretended not to recognize ________ when they met in the street. A．neither B．the other C．each other D．another 35．Building a new school is one thing, while keeping it running smoothly is quite_______. A．the other B．another C．neither D．others 36． When they met, they stopped and said hello to_______. A．each other B．each another C．the other each D．each one 37．As we all know, nothing learned from textbooks matters as much as ________ gained from real life experience. A．it B．one C．that D．those 38．He made a discovery, ______ of great importance to the whole field of science, ______ puzzled all leading experts. A．which; that B．one; which C．what; / D．it; which 39．—How do you find the baked bread on display? —Well, delicious! But I don’t think much of ________ you bought. A．the one B．it C．that D．which 40．The views from the top of the newly built tower are far more breathtaking than ________ from the old one. A．that B．one C．those D．ones 41．Airport food and drinks are usually more expensive than ________ outside for several practical and economic reasons. A．it B．that C．ones D．those 42．My learning method in senior high is different from ________ of the other students. A．one B．that C．which D．it 43．The best job is _____ which uses your skill in doing something with your interest in the subject. A．that B．the one C．one D．it 44．The educational resources provided for urban students are far more abundant than _________ offered to rural areas in some underdeveloped provinces. A．one B．that C．those D．ones 45．The structure of this report, though well-organized, is more complicated than ______ we usually submit for internal meetings. A．it B．that C．one D．such 46．The study reveals that the way of education in Canada is quite different from in China. A．one B．it C．that D．those 47．________ is still not decided whether we will have a sports meet this term. A．It B．What C．This D．That 48．The young artist found ________ difficult to get her paintings to be recognized by the local audience. A．how B．it C．this D．that 49．It’s reported that many teenagers in this country think ________ challenging but useful to apply AI tools in their learning. A．that B．it C．themselves D．this 50．I suppose the Almighty too grew weary, ______ scripture says He rested ______ the seventh day after creation, thus setting ______ humanity an eternal rhythm of labor and rest. A．as, in, / B．because, on, on C．for, on, for D．since, for, for 51．________ a cold day of November, the little girl was found dead. A．In B．At C．On D．For 52．Helen was walking down the street ________ the evening, her arms filled with grocery bags. A．on B．at C．in D．for 53．The number of online shoppers in this area has increased by 30% this year. What sentence element is the underlined part? A．Attributive. B．Adverbial. C．Predicative. D．Complement. 54．The library is located ________ the corner of the street, ________ the post office and the bank. A．at; between B．in; among C．on; beside D．to; near 55．Beijing is ________ the north of China, and Japan is ________ the east of China. A．in; in B．to; to C．in; to D．to; in 56．Choose the correct prepositional phrase to complete the sentence: The students were discussing the topic ________ the classroom. A．in B．at C．on D．within 57．There 5.5 magnitude (震级) earthquake Pingyuan, Shandong province August 6th, 2023. A．is a; in; in B．was a; in; on C．was an; in; on D．was an; on; in 58．Yuan Longping graduated___________ Southwest Agricultural College in 1953. A．from B．for C．on D．about 59．I improve my spoken English ______ watching English movies. A．of B．on C．by D．in 60．On the desk ________ a Chinese brush ________ he had made drawing. A．lay; with which B．lied; by which C．laid; in which D．lay; by which 61．You must finish that task on time ________ any means. A．by B．with C．in D．on 62．She couldn’t speak, but she made her wishes known ________ gestures. A．by all means B．by means of C．by no means D．by this means 63．As the saying goes, you can’t judge a book ________ its cover. A．as B．with C．by D．for 64．I will go to the cinema this Saturday, Would you like to go _______ me? A．with B．at C．in D．of 65．________ butterflies in my stomach, I breathed deeply. A．For B．With C．In D．On 66．________ the car approaching ________ the Tian An Men Square, we saw many tourists saluting to the Five-starred Red Flag. A．As; to B．While; \ C．With; \ D．For; to 67．Sherlock Holmes was born a detective, ______ quite a few cases ______ his keen observation and natural instinct for human nature. A．which, was based on B．whose, based on C．though, was based on D．with, based on 68．As far as I ________ , the questions ________ the future of the company is worth discussing. A．am concerned; concerning B．am concerned; concerned C．concerned; concerning D．concerned; concerned 69．Gun control is a subject ________ which Americans have argued for a long time. A．of B．with C．about D．into 70．There is going to ____ a report ____ Chinese history in our school this evening. A．have; on B．be; on C．have; for D．be; of 71．________ the cultural differences, the film's advertising materials should have explained, in brief, the moral behind Ne Zha's story to make it more attractive to foreign audiences. A．Considered B．Supposed C．Given D．Provided 72．Usually, I am sensible with money, as I have to be, _________that I don’t earn that much. A．given B．giving C．having been given D．having given 73．The reason ______ his being late was ______ he got up late. A．why; that B．why; because C．for; that D．for; because 74．It ______ American James Allison and Japanese Tasuku Honjo who won the 2018 Nobel Prize in Medicine ______ discoveries leading to new approaches in using the immune system to fight cancer. A．was; whose B．were; of whom C．was; for D．were; whose 75．Joe’s Chinese composition is good ________ his poor handwriting. A．except B．but C．besides D．except for 76．China is willing to share the fruits of its development with other nations ________ are bullying others for their own profits. A．but those who B．except for those C．but for who D．except those that 77．All the students went on a school trip ______ Tom because he was ill. A．besides B．beside C．expect D．except 78．The food in this restaurant is delicious. __________, the price is quite reasonable. A．In addition B．In addition to C．As well as D．Beside 79．________more information about the package tour around Peru, please contact us________ tourinfo@travelperu.org. A．For; on B．For; at C．With; on D．With; at 80．—I can’t find your sister, where is she? —She’s gone away ________ the weekend. A．in B．at C．for D．on 81．Betty is good ________ kids. She wants to be a teacher in the future. A．for B．to C．with D．at 82．Henry set up a club for football fans,_____ he invited all his friends. A．to which B．to whom C．for whom D．from which 83．Thinking is a more important ability _________ note-taking and memorizing. A．of B．than C．as D．then 84．Iron is more useful ______ any other metal. A．as B．than C．then D．so 85．—Why did you choose Jennifer as the leader of the team? —No one was equal ______ her ______ skills and experience. A．to; on B．with; on C．with; in D．to; in 86．This middle school is attached _____a normal college. A．for B．by C．to D．in 87．Were the men they noticed some recruited for the navy? A．the ones B．who C．of whom D．/ 88．______ that Neil Armstrong wanted to take a football to the Moon, we could even say that it is also the most popular sport out of this world! A．Giving B．To give C．Given D．Having given 89．________ the markets with which younger investors grew up, this may not be surprising that markets have dealt them a bad hand, but they could be playing it better. A．Giving B．Given C．To give D．Having been given 90．________ being the first Chinese astronaut to be in space, Yang Liwei’s life has been mostly unknown to the public. A．Though B．Without C．Despite D．Thanks to 91．________ all the difficulties, we should never ________. A．Although; lose heart B．Although; lose the heart C．Despite; lose heart D．Despite; lose the heart 92．He said he couldn’t have won the Best Actor ________ the support of his friends. A．through B．without C．from D．on 二、语法填空 As I walked 93 the city streets, I passed a young man searching through a small block of land that contained a mix of leaves and rubbish. I was somewhat puzzled why someone 94 him would be searching through rubbish. Finding this a little odd, I asked him, “What are you searching 95 ?” He replied very simply that he was looking for money. After talking 96 him for a little longer, I found out that he had become homeless after getting laid 97 from his job. Since then, he had been working 98 part-time jobs in a doctor’s office and in a food bank to earn some money. But he made so little that he lost heart. The man seemed fairly talented, although he was a little dirty. I told him that our thoughts create our reality, and I suggested that he not give 99 and think 100 a positive way. During the whole talk, what I stressed was that he was young and that everything was possible. Although he didn’t respond 101 the spot, my sense told me that what I said seemed to have an effect 102 him. 三、完形填空 Holi is a joyous Hindu festival that has been celebrated in India for centuries. At the end of winter, people get ready to 103 the beginning of spring. Holi celebrations also serve as a 104 of the great success of good over evil, a very famous ancient story locally. What 105 me deeply is the main celebration the next day, also called The Festival of Color. We 106 in our guesthouse, with our hosts, their families, and some other guests, and we had a lot of fun throwing 107 powder (粉末), called gulal, and smearing (涂抹) it on each other. We walked all over town, greeting everyone we met and having color 108 onto our faces by locals everywhere we went, while we did the same 109 . Much more than painting a pretty picture, the colors hold special 110 : Red symbolizes love, fertility (富饶), and marriage; blue 111 god and belief, while green stands for new beginnings. There were other 112 around, but it was mostly locals and people of all ages were so happy and excited. Everyone was so overcome with 113 that they came right up to us and hugged us. Friends and family visited each other to 114 festive sweets and good wishes. This festival really 115 people’s kindness and warmth and made you feel what it is like to be a kid again. The thing I love about this festival is that you can just wander 116 to enjoy the celebrations. There are many organized Holi 117 you can go to in different cities. 103．A．welcome B．decorate C．reflect D．figure 104．A．moment B．medium C．belief D．reminder 105．A．awarded B．greeted C．impressed D．benefited 106．A．searched B．started C．announced D．performed 107．A．romantic B．colored C．fancy D．grateful 108．A．belonged B．cured C．absorbed D．spread 109．A．in return B．in brief C．in advance D．in public 110．A．composition B．atmosphere C．significance D．occasion 111．A．ranges B．represents C．features D．respects 112．A．villagers B．guides C．organizers D．foreigners 113．A．joy B．surprise C．relief D．faith 114．A．explain B．exchange C．congratulate D．inspire 115．A．set up B．got through C．brought out D．led to 116．A．freely B．creatively C．legally D．personally 117．A．stages B．marches C．events D．attractions 参考答案 一、 1．B 【解析】考查代词。句意：——汤姆认为他将考入哈佛。——但是在我看来，他是一个对任何事总是想当然的人。A. that那个；B. anything任何事；C. nothing没有事；D. it它。take...for granted把……认为理所当然的，根据答语可知，认为汤姆把一切都当作理所当然。故选C。 2．A 【解析】考查动词短语。句意：这出戏还行。你打算什么时候在剧院上演?intend to do sth.“打算做某事”，不定式作宾语；put on的宾语如果是代词，要将宾语放在put on之间。故选A。 3．A 【解析】考查代词。句意：—你听说过华为P30吗？—当然。最近很热门。我在考虑买一个。A. one 泛指一个，同名异物，相当于a/an + 名词；B. them 他们，指代前文出现过的复数名词；C. that 是特指，同名异物，相当于the + 名词；D. it 指代前文提到的同一个，同名同物。根据句意和语境可知，此处应用one指代一个华为P30手机，故选A。 4．C 【解析】考查特殊疑问句及其回答。句意：——这是谁的法语书？——这肯定是李英的。目前只有她正在学法语。对物品拥有者进行提问，应使用“whose+物品名词（单）+is this/that?”的句型；“belong to sb”短语意为：属于某人，宾语部分使用宾格人称代词。故选C项。 5．C 【解析】考查人称代词宾格。句意：他的善良和他美丽、温柔、体贴的精神使我们都感到惊讶。根据谓语动词“amazed”可知，后接宾语，our为形容词性物主代词；we作主语；us为宾格形式，作宾语；ours为名词性物主代词，相当于一个名词，故选C。 6．C 【解析】本题解析略。 7．B 【解析】考查代词。句意：我们的邻居昨天送给我们一只雏鸟，它从窝里掉下来时受了伤。A. us我们，为we的宾格；it它；B. us我们，为we的宾格；itself它自己；C. ourselves我们自己；itself它自己；D. ourselves我们自己；it它。第一空作宾语，应用宾格us；第二空中主语是关系代词that，指代先行词a baby bird，宾语和主语是同一指代对象，应用反身代词itself作宾语。故选B。 8．B 【解析】考查代词。句意：在最受欢迎的电子游戏中几乎90%都有暴力成分，并且其中有些更是极其暴力。题干中的much一词的出现可知，所修饰的应该是前面一句话中的“violence”而非“video games”，且句子有and一词连接，故不是定语从句，排除A项；用it指代前面的“violence”，故选B。 9．A 【解析】考查代词词义辨析。句意：我辈的泪水将使你的遗芳长绿，恰似伊莎贝拉浇灌心爱的罗勒树。A. mine我的；B. me我；C. myself我自己；D. you你。根据“keep thy(你的) memory green,”可知，我的眼泪将使你的记忆常青。介词like后接名词性物主代词，结合句意，故选A。 10．B 【解析】考查代词。句意：——这本词典是你的吗？——不，不是。我把字典留在家里了。A.your你的，形容词性物主代词；B.yours你的，名词性物主代词；C.yourself你自己，反身代词；D.you你，主格或宾格。设空处为表语，指代你的字典，应用名词性物主代词。故选B。 11．B 【解析】考查代词。句意：——那些书是你的吗？——不，它们不是我的。它们属于她。首先看空格一，空格后无名词，故空格处应用名词性物主代词，“your”意为“你的，你们的”，为形容词性物主代词，“yours”意为“你的，你们的”，为名词性物主代词，相当于“your books”，故空格一用“yours”；再看空格二，“to”为介词，后应接代词宾格，“he”意为“他”，为人称代词主格，“her”意为“她”，为人称代词宾格，符合句意，“hers”意为“她的”，为名词性物主代词，“she”意为“她”，为人称代词主格，均不符合语境，故空格二应用“her”。故选B项。 12．B 【解析】考查代词。句意：秦淮区的学校将开发适合孩子上学时间的博物馆课程。分析句子结构可知：设空处后为名词，设空处应为形容词性的物主代词修饰名词。故答案为B。 13．B 【解析】考查代词。句意：——那是你的模型飞机吗？——是的，是我的。我姐姐送我的。第一空，修饰后文名词短语model plane，应用形容词性物主代词your；第二空，作表语，应用名词性物主代词mine，相当于my model plane。故选B。 14．B 【解析】考查代词。句意：——噢！我来得太匆忙忘记带食物了。——没关系，你可以吃我们的。空后没有名词，再结合句意可知此处要用名词性物主代词，故选B。 15．C 【解析】考查代词。句意：这是我们的教室，他们的教室在哪儿呢? 第一空，修饰名词classroom要用形容词性物主代词；第二空后没有名词，要用名词性物主代词，theirs相当于their classroom，故选C。 16．A 【解析】考查不定代词和反身代词。句意：安全对每个人都很重要。所以我们必须学会如何保护自己。everyone每人，人人；anyone任何人；ourselves我们自己；us我们。根据句意“安全对___都很重要，所以我们必须学会保护___。”可知，第一空表示安全对每个人都很重要，要填everyone；第二空表示保护我们自己，要填ourselves；选项A符合句意。故选A。 17．A 【解析】考查代词。句意：世界上一些快速发展的国家并不关心保护自己免受环境污染。结合语境可知，主语和宾语所指相同，宾语应用反身代词，主语countries是复数，故此处应用themselves。故选A。 18．C 【解析】考查人称代词和反身代词。句意：格林先生在我们学校教我们英语，在家里自学法语。A. us我们（宾格）， his他的（形容词性物主代词/名词性物主代词）；B. him他（宾格）， us我们（宾格）；C. us我们（宾格）， himself他自己（反身代词）；D. our我们的（形容词性物主代词）， himself他自己（反身代词）。分析可知，第一个空为“teach sb. sth.”，“教授某人某物”，应是宾格形式作动词“teach”的宾语，结合后文语境“in our school (在我们学校)”可知是“教我们（学生）英语”，因此第一个空应是“us”；结合语境“at home (在家里)”可知，“他”在家里自学法语，因此第二个空应是“teach oneself sth.”，意为“自学……”，宾语与主语一致，应用反身代词作宾语，即，“himself”。故选C项。 19．C 【解析】考查代词和所有格。句意：——我阿姨的一个朋友认为她考试没过。——我认为她应该相信自己。这是成功的秘诀。根据语境可知第一空表示“我阿姨的一个朋友”，应用所有格形式；第二空是固定短语believe in oneself(相信自己)。故选C。 20．A 【解析】考查代词。句意：我不想成为其他任何人，我只想做我自己。anybody 任何人，用在否定句和疑问句中；somebody 某人，用在肯定句中；everybody 每个人；由don't可以判断此句是否定句，所以用anybody，表示任何人。 第二个句子根据I为主语，可知用反身代词myself 我自己，根据句子意为我要做我自己， me是宾格，作宾语。故选A。 21．B 【解析】考查代词。句意：机会仅偏爱有准备的头脑。这告诉我们好好准备，直到机会出现。反身代词可以作主语的同位语，增强语气。故选B。 22．A 【解析】考查不定代词。句意：中国比非洲任何国家都要大。本句为比较级中的比较对象，结合句意，中国不属于非洲，当比较对象与被比较者不属于同一范畴时，直接使用“any+名词”作为比较对象，而other应是用于比较对象在同一范围时，将自身排除在外。故选A。 23．B 【解析】考查复合不定代词和形容词的位置关系。句意：我发烧了，我觉得我吃得不好，因为我肚子疼。修饰复合不定代词的形容词要后置，故排除C、D；且由句子可知，这里表示“吃了一些坏东西”应用something bad。故选B项。 24．D 【解析】考查不定代词。句意：在炎热的日子，没什么比一杯冰镇可乐更诱人的了——它能让我立马神清气爽。“nothing is+（形容词）比较级+than...”意为“没什么比……更……”，结合“it makes me energetic in a minute.”可知这里表达：没什么比一杯冰镇可乐更诱人的了。故选D。 25．A 【解析】考查代词词义辨析。句意：前天，Linda等待着回复，但是没有任何回复到来。A. none没有一个（用于三者及以上）；B. another另一个，再一个；C. neither两者都不；D. either（两者中的）任何一个。根据转折连词but可知，Linda没有等到任何的回复，即，一个回复都没有得到。故选A。 26．B 【解析】考查代词。句意：我将花费假期的一半时间来练习英语，另一半时间用来学习画画。A. another另一个；B. the other另一个；C. other’s其他人的；D. other其他的人或物。“half...the other half...”意为“一半……，另外的一半……” ，the other用于指代两个部分中的另一个部分。而A项的another通常用于指代三者或三者以上的另一个；C项的other泛指其他的，不特指，所以均不正确。故选B。 27．A 【解析】考查代词。句意：我们所有人都渴望参观雅典的三个主要寺庙，特别是那个有雅典娜的黄金和象牙雕像的寺庙。分析句子可知，此处为that引导的定语从句中先行词的填入，由谓语动词contains为三单可知，先行词应为单数形式，且特指前面“三个主要寺庙”中的一个，所以为代词the one的填入。故选A项。 28．C 【解析】考查代词。句意：任何决心在事业上取得成功的人都应该有团队精神。分析句子结构可知，空处为句子的主语，需要不定代词anyone“任何人”作句子的主语，“determined to be successful”为形容词短语在句中作定语修饰主语anyone，表示“决心在事业上取得成功的人”。故选C。 29．D 【解析】考查不定代词。句意：如果你从消极的角度看待事物，你会发现根本没有的缺点和问题。A. nothing什么都没有；B. some一些；C. many许多；D. none无，没有。none暗示一种数量，即在数量上“一个也没有”符合句意。故选D。 30．A 【解析】考查不定代词。句意：几乎没有人听说过我们，更别说被我们的生活所影响了。根据下文“let alone been influenced by our lives”可知，前文说的是几乎没有人听说过我们，此处hardly“几乎不”，否定含义，修饰不定代词anybody，表示“几乎没有人”，且不用倒装，nobody本身就表示“没有人”。故选A。 31．D 【解析】考查不定代词及定语从句。句意：上周六，只有两个人来到篮球场，他们都不想和我玩。根据前面的two可知，此处表示两者，应用both或neither，none指三者或三者以上都不；分析句子结构可知，句中含有两个谓语动词，且中间没有连词连接，如果用代词them，空格前需有连词连接两并列句，所以，排除A项和B项。结合选项可知，此处应选D项，构成“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句，neither of whom代词上文的two people。故选D项。 32．B 【解析】考查固定短语。句意：在某种重要的方面，他们彼此非常不同。one another“彼此，互相”，表示三个或三个以上的人或事物之间的相互关系。根据题意，故选B。 33．B 【解析】考查相互代词的所有格。句意：讨论期间我们应该尊重彼此的意见。each other的所有格形式是“each other’s”，表示 “彼此的”。each other是原形式，C、D选项拼写错误，故选B。 34．C 【解析】考查代词词义辨析。句意：这两个曾经是恋人的人在街上相遇时，竟假装不认识，这真叫人伤心。A. neither两者都不；B. the other两者之间另外一个；C. each other互相，彼此；D. another三者以上另外一个。根据“It seemed so sad”可知，此处表示两个曾经是恋人的人在街上相遇时假装彼此不认识。故选C。 35．B 【解析】考查代词词义辨析。句意：建一所新学校是一回事，而让它平稳运行又是另一回事。A.the other两者中的另一个；B.another三者或三者以上的另一个；C.neither两者都不；D.others其他人。由前面的“is one thing”可知，句子表示“建一所新学校是一回事，而让它平稳运行又是另一回事”，空格处意为“另一个”，根据句意，此处并不是两者中的另一个，后面省略了thing，故选B。 36．A 【解析】考查代词。句意：当他们见面时，他们停下来，互相打了个招呼。each other彼此，互相；each one每一个。根据句意，他们见面应是“相互问好”，用相互代词作宾语，故选A。 37．C 【解析】句意：众所周知，从课本上学到的任何东西都不如从现实生活经验中获得的那样重要。A. it指代同一事物；B. one指代单数同类事物；C. that指代可数名词的单数或不可数名词，表同类不同物；D. those指代复数同类事物。句中比较的对象是“从课本上学到的东西”和“从现实生活经验中获得的东西”。空格处需要填入一个代词来指代不可数的事物（泛指学到的知识或东西），且其后有过去分词短语“gained from real life experience”作后置定语。在英语中，that常用于替代前面提到的不可数名词或单数名词以避免重复，且其后常跟后置定语。 38．B 【解析】句意：他有了一项发现，一项对整个科学界非常重要的发现，这项发现使所有顶尖专家感到困惑。第一空填代词one，作a discovery的同位语，指代“一项发现”，其后的介词短语“of great importance to the whole field of science”作后置定语修饰one；第二空填which，引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词a discovery（或one），在从句中作主语。 39．A 【解析】句意：—— 你觉得展出的烤面包怎么样？—— 嗯，很美味！但是我不太看好你买的那一个。根据语境可知，此处指代展出面包这类中特指你买的那一个，the one符合语境，为同类单数特指。 40．C 【解析】句意：新建塔楼顶部的景色比旧塔楼顶部的景色要令人惊叹得多。题干中对比的是“新建塔楼顶部的景色”和“旧塔楼顶部的景色”，故空处特指前文的同类事物“The views”，应用those来指代，that指代单数可数名词/不可数名词，one指代泛指的单数可数名词，ones指代泛指的复数可数名词，此处需要指代特指的“旧塔的景色”，故排除。 41．D 【解析】考查代词辨析。句意：由于几个实际和经济原因，机场的食物和饮料通常比外面的贵。A. it它，指代上文提到的同一事物；B. that那个，可指代上文提到的不可数名词或可数名词单数，表特指；C. ones一些，指代可数名词复数，表泛指；D. those那些，指代上文提到的可数名词复数，表特指。此处指代上文的“food and drinks”，且表特指，应用those。故选D项。 42．B 【解析】考查代词。句意：我在高中的学习方法和其他同学的不同。one通常用于泛指同类事物中的一个；it用于特指上文提到过的同一个事物；which用于引导从句。that作为指示代词，可以特指前面提到的同类但非同一的事物，本空指代前面的learning method，即其他同学的学习方法。故选B。 43．B 【解析】考查不定代词辨析。句意：最好的工作是那种既能运用你的技能做事，又能契合你对该领域兴趣的工作。A. that那个（与前文提到过的事物为同名异物指代）；B. the one那个（特指某一个，表特指）；C. one一个（泛指同类中的任意一个）；D. it它（特指前文提到的同一事物）。根据句意， the one符合The best job的特质属性。故选B。 44．C 【解析】考查代词。句意：在一些欠发达省份，为城市学生提供的教育资源比为农村地区提供的教育资源丰富得多。结合语意可知，此处是将城市学生得到的教育资源和农村学生得到的教育资源进行比较，为避免重复，用代词来指代前文出现过的同类事物，resources为复数名词，所以用those来指代the educational resources。故选C项。 45．B 【解析】考查代词的用法。句意：这份报告的结构虽然条理清晰，但比我们通常为内部会议提交的报告结构更复杂。根据“The structure of this report”及“than ______ we usually submit for internal meetings”可知，此空需指代The structure以避免重复，that可用于同名异物指代。故选B。 46．C 【解析】考查代词词义辨析。句意：这项研究表明，加拿大的教育方式与中国的教育方式有着很大的不同。前后比较的是教育方式，用that指代the+名词。A. one是泛指一个；B. it指的是同一个东西，D. those指代the+名词复数，均不符合句意。故选C。 47．A 【解析】句意：这学期我们是否举办运动会还没有决定。此处为it作形式主语，whether引导主语从句作真正主语，为了避免句子头重脚轻，英语中常用it作形式主语置于句首。 48．B 【解析】句意：这位年轻的艺术家发现让她的画作被当地观众认可是很困难的。本句使用了find + it + adj. + to do sth.的句型结构，其中it作形式宾语，真正的宾语是后面的不定式短语to get her paintings to be recognized。 49．B 【解析】句意：据报道，这个国家的许多青少年认为在学习中应用人工智能工具具有挑战性但很有用。此处考查think it + adj. + to do sth.句型，其中it作形式宾语，真正的宾语是后面的动词不定式短语to apply AI tools in their learning，形容词短语challenging but useful作宾语补足语。 50．C 【解析】考查连词和介词。句意：我想造物主也会疲倦，因为圣经记载，祂在创世后的第七天歇息了，从而为人类确立了劳作与休息的永恒节律。as：作 “因为” 讲时，引导原因状语从句，语气比 because 稍弱；because：表示直接原因，语气最强，用来回答 why 的问题；since：表示 “既然”，引导原因状语从句，通常是对方已知的、无需加以说明的既成事实的理由。for：作 “因为”讲时，是并列连词，不用于句首，对前面的内容进行补充说明，符合语境。在具体的某一天前用介词on，on the seventh day 表示 “在第七天”。set for sb. 表示“为某人设定”。故选C项。 51．C 【解析】考查介词。句意：在十一月的一个寒冷的日子里，这个小女孩被发现死了。A. In用于年、月、季节等大范围时间前；B. At用于具体时刻前；C. On用于具体某一天或具体某一天的上午、下午、晚上前；D. For用于表示一段时间。由语意可知，此处是具体的“十一月的一个寒冷的日子”，属于具体某一天，需用介词on。故选C项。 52．C 【解析】考查介词。句意：海伦晚上在街上走着，胳膊上挎满了购物袋。in the evening是固定搭配，表示“在晚上”。故选C。 53．A 【解析】考查句子成分。句意：今年该地区的网购者的数量增加了30%。划线部分是什么句子成分？A. Attributive定语；B. Adverbial状语；C. Predicative表语；D. Complment补语。该句中“in this area”修饰“online shoppers”，此处为介词短语作后置定语。故选A。 54．A 【解析】考查介词。句意：图书馆位于街道的拐角处，在邮局和银行之间。A. at在; between在两者之间；B. in在……里面; among在三者及以上之间；C. on在……上面; beside在……旁边；D. to到; near在……附近。由于at the corner of是固定短语，表示“在……街角”，第一空填at。第二空后有and，between...and...”是固定短语，表示“在……和……之间”。故选A。 55．C 【解析】考查介词辨析。句意：北京位于中国北部，而日本则在中国的东侧。第一空表示“在范围内部”用介词in，第二空表示“隔……相望”用介词to。故选C。 56．A 【解析】考查介词词义辨析。句意：选择正确的介词短语完成句子：学生们正在教室里讨论这个话题。A. in表示“在某区域内，在一个空间的内部，在……里面”；B.  at表示在某地点，强调在某个位置点；C. on表示“在……之上”，并与之相接触；D. within在……限度内；在（某段距离）内。根据后文“the classroom”此处指在教室里，应用介词in，故选A。 57．B 【解析】考查冠词，介词，时态和主谓一致。句意：2023年8月6日，山东平原发生5.5级地震。由August 6th, 2023可知，句子描述过去的事情，时态用一般过去时，earthquake是单数，说明是一次地震，5.5是辅音音素开头，因此前面的不定冠词用a，因此空格处用was a；Pingyuan是一个地方，表示“在平原”介词用in；August 6th, 2023是具体的某一天，表示在具体某天介词用on，故选B。 58．A 【解析】考查动词短语。句意：袁隆平1953年毕业于西南农学院。分析句子可知，这里考查动词短语graduate from，意为“毕业于”。故选A。 59．C 【解析】考查介词词义辨析。句意：我通过看英语电影来提高我的英语口语。A. of……的；B. on在……上面；C. by通过；D. in在……里面。根据句意和“watching English movies”可知，这里指通过看英语电影来提高口语。故选C项。 60．A 【解析】考查动词词义辨析、介词和定语从句。句意：桌子上放着一支他用来画画的毛笔。A. lay躺；位于；B. lied说谎；C. laid放置(lay的过去式和过去分词)；D. lay放置。表示方位的介副词置于句首，句子用全部倒装，主句主语是“a Chinese brush”，故此处表示“一只毛笔位于桌子上”，有下文的had made可知，主句用一般过去时，可知此处用lie的过去式lay；第二空为介词+which引导的定语从句，固定搭配draw with意为“用……画”，所以用with which引导定语从句。故选A项。 61．A 【解析】考查介词词义辨析。句意：无论如何你必须按时完成任务。A. by用……手段；B.with和…一起；C. in在…里面；D. on在……上。短语by any means表示“无论如何”。故选A项。 62．B 【解析】考查介词短语辨析。句意：她不会说话，但她用手势表达她的愿望。A. by all means务必，无论如何，当然可以；B. by means of借助于，靠；C. by no means决不；D.by this means通过这种方式。分析句子结构可知，句中，介词短语作方式状语，修饰动词短语“made her wishes known”。由语意可知，不会说话的她“借助于”手势，使别人知道了她的愿望。故选B项。 【点睛】 63．C 【解析】考查介词词义辨析。句意：俗话说得好，不能以貌取人。A. as作为；B. with用；C. by通过，凭借；D. for为了。本俗语字面含义为：不要凭借一本书的封面来判断一本书，所以用介词by。故选C。 64．A 【解析】考查介词。句意：我这周六要去看电影，你想和我一起去吗？A. with和某人/某物在一起；B. at在具体的地方，在具体的时间；C. in在……里；D. of属于某人/某物。由句意“你是否愿意和我一起去”可知，此空应填with。故选A项。 65．B 【解析】考查介词。句意：心里七上八下的，我深深地吸了一口气。A.For为了；B.With具有；C.In在......里；D.On在......上面。“butterflies in my stomach”意为“心里七上八下的”，空格处用with表示“有”，故选B。 66．C 【解析】考查介词和及物动词。句意：当汽车驶近天安门广场时，我们看到许多游客向五星红旗敬礼。根据句中非谓语动词 approaching 可知，前用介词形式。这里为“with +名词 +现在分词”复合结构。动词approach为及物动词，不需要介词。故选C。 67．D 【解析】考查with的独立主格结构。句意：夏洛克·福尔摩斯是一个天生的侦探，他敏锐的观察力和对人性的本能造就了不少案件。With的独立主格结构：with+名词或代词+宾语补足语，此处cases和动词短语base on之间是被动关系，是过去分词作宾语补足语。故选D。 68．A 【解析】考查固定短语、介词。句意：就我而言，有关公司未来的问题值得讨论。形容词concerned，意为“担心的”。as far as I am concerned意为“就我而言”，为固定短语，所以第一空填am concerned。结合句意可知，第二空填介词concerning，意为“关于”。故选A。 69．C 【解析】考查介词。句意：枪支管制是美国人争论已久的话题。根据所给句子分析可知，此句中which是关系代词引导定语从句，先行词是subject，先行词在从句中作宾语，即“argue about the subject”意为“争论这个话题”。故选C。 70．B 【解析】考查动词和介词。句意：今天晚上我们学校要做一个关于中国历史的报告。A.have有; on关于；B. be有，存在; on关于；C.have有；for为了；D.be有，存在； of...的。固定句式there is going to be将要有，介词on可表示关于...，故选B。 71．C 【解析】考查介词及动词词义辨析。句意：考虑到文化差异，为了吸引外国观众，这部电影的广告材料应该简单解释一下《哪吒》背后的寓意。A. Considered认为；B. Supposed假设；C. Given考虑到；D. Provided提供。根据空后the cultural differences可知，此处表示“考虑到文化差异” ，应用介词given，相当于considering。故选C项。 72．A 【解析】考查介词。句意：通常，我在花钱方面很明智，因为我赚得不多，所以我必须这样。根据句子分析可知，此处意为“考虑到”，故应用介词given，常用搭配given that...表示“鉴于；表示在某种条件或情况下，用于引出一个已知的事实或前提”，故选A。 73．C 【解析】考查介词和表语从句引导词。句意：他迟到的原因是他起得晚。The reason for表示“……的原因”；___ he got up late是表语从句，从句结构完整，不缺成分，使用只起引导作用的that。故选C项。 74．C 【解析】考查主谓一致和介词。句意：美国人詹姆斯·艾利森和日本人本庶佑因发现了利用免疫系统对抗癌症的新方法而获得2018年诺贝尔医学奖。第一空为强调句it be+被强调部分+that/who，被强调部分为American James Allison and Japanese Tasuku Honjo，看作整体，谓语用单数；第二空后跟名词作宾语，表示原因应用介词for。故选C。 75．D 【解析】考查介词(短语)辨析。句意：除了字迹糟糕，乔的中文作文很好。except意为“除……之外”，所除去的对象不包括在总数之内。but意为“除……之外，不再有”。besides表示“除……之外，还有(包含在内)”。except for意为“除了……”，用于引出一个与前面所描述的整体情况不同或有瑕疵的细节、部分，符合句意。故选D。 76．D 【解析】考查介词用法。句意：中国愿意与其他国家分享发展成果，不愿与那些为一己私利而欺凌他人的国家分享发展成果。but作介词表示“除了”时，常与all, everyone, everything等词连用，A选项排除；except表示排除同类事物，此处需要排除“欺凌他国的国家”，与主句“其他国家”同类，故用except；C选项but for表示“要不是”，与句意不符，故排除；此处________ are bullying others for their own profits为定语从句，从句缺少主语，指国家，故用that引导。故选D。 77．D 【解析】考查介词/动词词义辨析。句意：因为汤姆病了，除了他，所有学生都参加了学校旅行。A. besides “除了……之外（还有）”；B. beside “在……旁边”； C. expect 是动词，意为“期望”； D. except 表示“除了……（不包括）”；句中“Tom was ill”说明他没去，except 表示“除了……（不包括）”，强调排除，因此用 except 表示“除汤姆外（其他人都去了）”。故选D。 78．A 【解析】考查介词（短语）辨析。句意：这家餐馆的菜很好吃。此外，价格也很合理。A. In addition此外；B. In addition to除了……之外（后接宾语）；C. As well as也，而且；D. Beside在旁边。后文是对上文的补充说明，且后面没有宾语，应用in addition。故选A。 79．B 【解析】考查介词。句意：为了解更多关于秘鲁旅游团的信息，请在tourinfo@travelperu.org.联系我们。首先看空格一，“for”意为“为了”，介词词性，“with”意为“具有”，介词词性，根据句意可知，句中指“为了解更多关于秘鲁旅游团的信息”，表目的，故空格一应用介词“for”，句首单词首字母大写；“contact sb. at+网址”为固定搭配，“tourinfo@travelperu.org.”为网址，故空格二应用介词“at”。故选B项。 80．C 【解析】考查介词词义辨析。句意：——我找不到你姐姐了，她去哪里了？——她已经走了，去度周末了。A.in在......里； B.at 向，朝;C.for 为了;D.on在......上。根据“ She’s gone away”可知，她已经走了，去度周末了。for the weekend “ 去度周末”。故选C项。 81．B 【解析】考查固定短语。句意：Betty对小孩子很好，她将来想成为一名教师。A. for 对于，为了；B. to向；C. with 和；D. at在......。根据句意可知，此处用短语be good to sb. “对某人好”符合语境。故选B。 82．A 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：亨利为足球迷建立了一个俱乐部，他邀请了所有的朋友。分析句子的结构可知，本句为介词+关系代词引导一个非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词a club，根据定语从句中的动词invite的用法invite sb to a club可知，该句应该使用to+which来引导该从句。故选A。 83．B 【解析】考查介词。句意：思考比记笔记和记忆更重要。A. of……的；B. than比；C. as如同；D. then那时。根据“more important”可知，比起记笔记和记忆，思考更重要。than用于比较级之后，表示“比……”。故选B。 84．B 【解析】考查介词。句意：铁比任何其他金属用途都大。“more useful ”表明此处用表示比较的介词than（比较级的标志词），故选B。 85．D 【解析】考查固定搭配和介词辨析。句意：——你为什么选择Jennifer 作队伍的领导者？——没有人在技能和经验方面能与她相当。没有be equal with的用法；排除B、C；短语be equal to意为“……和……相当”；介词in意为“关于；在······方面”；介词on意为“在······上；关于；依据”。根据句意可知是指：在技巧和经验方面，in符合句意。故选D． 86．C 【解析】考查介词词义辨析。句意：这所中学附属于一所师范学校。A. for为了；B. by通过；C. to归于；D. in在……里面。根据句意及所给句子可知，此处是固定搭配be attached to“附属于，隶属于”。故选C。 87．C 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：他们注意到的那些人中有人被招进海军吗？分析句子可知，空格处引导定语从句，先行词是the men，与从句中的some是所属关系，还原从句为：they noticed some of the men recruited for the navy，指人，作宾语用关系代词whom，故选C。 【点睛】 88．C 【解析】考查介词。句意：考虑到尼尔·阿姆斯特朗想要带一个足球到月球上，我们甚至可以说足球也是地球之外最受欢迎的运动。根据“that Neil Armstrong wanted to take a football to the Moon(尼尔·阿姆斯特朗想要带一个足球到月球上)”可推理出此处表示“考虑到；鉴于”，given在本句中作介词，表示“考虑到；鉴于”含义，其他选项“Giving(给，现在分词形式)”、“To give(去给，不定式形式)”、“Having given(已经给，现在分词的完成式)”均不符合语境，故选C项。 89．B 【解析】考查介词。句意：考虑到年轻投资者成长的市场环境，市场给了他们一手不好的牌可能并不奇怪，但他们本可以打得更好。此处使用介词given，表示“考虑到，鉴于”，介词短语在句中作状语，故选B。 90．C 【解析】考查介词，连词和短语辨析。句意：尽管是第一位进入太空的中国宇航员，杨利伟的生活却大多不为公众所知。A. Though 尽管（连词，后接句子）；B. Without 没有；C. Despite 尽管（介词，后接名词或动名词）；D. Thanks to 多亏。由语意可知，前后构成让步关系，“是第一位宇航员”与“生活不为人知”形成对比。且空格后为动名词短语“being...”，需用介词，故选C项。 91．C 【解析】考查介词和动词短语辨析。句意：尽管困难重重，我们绝不应丧失信心。A. Although; lose heart虽然，丧失信心；B. Although; lose the heart虽然，本身错误；C. Despite; lose heart尽管，丧失信心；D. Despite; lose the heart尽管，本身错误。第一空后为名词短语，应用介词Despite；第二空，表示此处表示“绝不应丧失信心”，应用lose heart。故选C项。 92．B 【解析】考查介词。句意：他说如果没有朋友的支持，他不可能赢得最佳男演员奖。分析句子可知，这里用介词without表达一种与现实情况相反的假设，使用虚拟语气形式。故选B项。 二、 93．along/down 94．like 95．for 96．with 97．off 98．on 99．up 100．in 101．on 102．on 【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。作者在大街上散步，遇到一个年轻人在垃圾中找东西。这个年轻人失业后变得无家可归。作者建议他不放弃，用积极的方式思考。 93．考查介词。句意：当我沿着街道走的时候，我经过一个年轻人，他正在一小块土地上搜寻，那块土地里有树叶和垃圾。walk along/down the streets“沿着街散步”，故答案为along/down。 94．考查介词。句意：我有点困惑，为什么像他这样的人会在垃圾中搜索。故答案为like。 95．考查固定搭配。句意：你在搜寻什么？search for“搜寻”，故答案为for。 96．考查固定搭配。句意：和他聊天一段时间后，我发现他失业后变得无家可归。talk with sb.“与某人谈论”，故答案为with。 97．考查动词短语。句意：和他聊天一段时间后，我发现他失业后变得无家可归。lay off“解雇，停止工作”，故答案为off。 98．考查固定搭配。句意：从那以后，为了挣一些钱他一直在医生的办公室和一个食物银行从事兼职工作。work on“从事于……工作”，故答案为on。 99．考查固定短语。句意：我告诉他我们的想法创造我们的现实，我建议他不放弃，用积极的方式思考。give up“放弃”，故答案为up。 100．考查介词短语。句意：我告诉他我们的想法创造我们的现实，我建议他不放弃，用积极的方式思考。in a positive way“以积极的方式”，故答案为in。 101．考查固定短语。句意：虽然他当场没有回应，我的感觉告诉我，我说的话似乎对他有影响。on the spot“当场”，故答案为on。 102．考查固定短语。句意：虽然他当场没有回应，我的感觉告诉我，我说的话似乎对他有影响。have an effect on“对……有影响”，故答案为on。 三、 103．A 104．D 105．C 106．B 107．B 108．D 109．A 110．C 111．B 112．D 113．A 114．B 115．C 116．A 117．C 【解析】本文主要讲的是作者在印度参加胡里节（Holi）——“色彩节”的亲身经历和感受。 103．考查动词。句意：在冬末，人们准备迎接春天的开始。A. welcome迎接；B. decorate装饰；C. reflect反映；D. figure认为。根据上文“At the end of winter, people get ready”可知，在冬天结束的时候，人们自然是迎接春天的到来。 104．考查名词。句意：胡里节庆典也作为一个提醒，提醒人们善战胜恶的伟大成功。A. moment时刻；B. medium媒介；C. belief信念；D. reminder提醒物。根据后文“the great success of good over evil, a very famous ancient story locally”可知，节日是在提醒人们这个著名的善恶故事。 105．考查动词。句意：让我印象最深的是第二天的主要庆典，也被称为色彩节。A. awarded授予；B. greeted问候；C. impressed使印象深刻；D. benefited使受益。根据下文“deeply is the main celebration the next day, also called The Festival of Color”可知，作者最为印象深刻的是色彩节。 106．考查动词。句意：我们从旅舍出发，与房东及其家人以及一些其他客人一起，尽情地玩乐起来。我们把一种叫做“古拉尔”的彩色粉末撒向彼此，到处奔跑，与遇到的每一个人打招呼，并在各地当地人帮忙下把颜色涂抹在脸上。A. searched搜寻；B. started开始；C. announced宣布；D. performed表演。根据后文“we walked all over town”可知，活动是从民宿开始的，然后作者走遍了整个城镇。 107．考查形容词。句意：我们从旅舍出发，与房东及其家人以及一些其他客人一起，尽情地玩乐起来。我们把一种叫做“古拉尔”的彩色粉末撒向彼此，到处奔跑，与遇到的每一个人打招呼，并在各地当地人帮忙下把颜色涂抹在脸上。A. romantic浪漫的；B. colored彩色的；C. fancy花哨的；D. grateful感激的。根据后文“called gulal”以及下文提到的各种颜色（red, blue, green）可知，粉末是彩色的。 108．考查动词。句意：我们走遍了整个城镇，向遇到的每一个人打招呼，并让当地人用各种颜色为我们涂抹脸庞，而我们也同样这样做作为回应。A. belonged属于；B. cured治愈；C. absorbed吸收；D. spread涂抹。根据上文“powder (粉末), called gulal, and smearing (涂抹) it on each other”可知，当地人把彩色粉末涂抹到脸上。 109．考查介词短语。句意：我们走遍了整个城镇，向遇到的每一个人打招呼，并让当地人用各种颜色为我们涂抹脸庞，而我们也同样这样做作为回应。A. in return作为回报；B. in brief简言之；C. in advance提前；D. in public公开地。根据前文“having color ___ onto our faces by locals everywhere we went”和后文“we did the same”可知，我们也给当地人抹颜色，这是一种互相的行为，in return表示“作为回报”，体现了互动性。 110．考查名词。句意：这远不止是一幅美丽的画面，这些颜色有着特殊的意义：红色象征着爱情、繁衍和婚姻；蓝色代表神灵和信仰；而绿色则代表着新的开始。A. composition组成；B. atmosphere氛围；C. significance意义；D. occasion场合。根据后文“Red symbolizes love, fertility (富饶), and marriage; blue ____ god and belief, while green stands for new beginnings”可知，每种颜色都有象征意义，hold special significance意为“有特殊意义”。 111．考查动词。句意：这远不止是一幅美丽的画面，这些颜色有着特殊的意义：红色象征着爱情、繁衍和婚姻；蓝色代表神灵和信仰；而绿色则代表着新的开始。A. ranges变化；B. represents代表；C. features以……为特色；D. respects尊重。根据前文“Red symbolizes love, fertility (富饶), and marriage”的并列结构可知，此处也是在说蓝色代表什么，represents与symbolizes意思相近，意为“代表”。 112．考查名词。句意：周围还有其他一些外国人，但大多数是当地人，各个年龄段的人都非常开心和兴奋。A. villagers村民；B. guides导游；C. organizers组织者；D. foreigners外国人。根据后文“but it was mostly locals(但主要是当地人)”可知，前文说的是“也有外国人”，foreigners与locals形成对比。 113．考查名词。句意：每个人都充满了喜悦，他们径直走向我们拥抱我们。A. joy喜悦；B. surprise惊讶；C. relief欣慰；D. faith信念。根据前文“so happy and excited”可知，人们是因为喜悦而拥抱我们，be overcome with joy意为“充满喜悦”。 114．考查动词。句意：朋友和家人互相拜访，交换节日甜食和美好祝愿。A. explain解释；B. exchange交换；C. congratulate祝贺；D. inspire激励。根据上文“Friends and family visited each other”和下文“festive sweets and good wishes”可知，拜访时互相交换甜食和祝福是节日传统，exchange...and...意为“交换……和……”。 115．考查动词短语。句意：这个节日充分展现了人们的善良与温暖，让你仿佛又回到了童年。A. set up建立；B. got through度过；C. brought out展现出；D. led to导致。根据下文“people’s kindness and warmth and made you feel what it is like to be a kid again”可知，节日把人们内心的善良和温暖展现了出来。 116．考查副词。句意：我最喜欢这个节日的地方在于，你可以随意漫步，尽情享受庆祝活动。A. freely自由地；B. creatively创造性地；C. legally合法地；D. personally个人地。根据前文“you can just wander”中的“just”可知，这里强调的是自由随意，freely修饰wander，意为“自由漫步”。 117．考查名词。句意：在不同的城市里，有很多组织的胡里节活动，你可以去参加。A. stages舞台；B. marches游行；C. events活动；D. attractions景点。根据上文“organized Holi”和下文“you can go to in different cities”可知，指的是有组织的胡里节活动/赛事，events符合语境。 ( 1 / 2 )学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $