专题01 名词（结构化知识+题型提升练）2027年高考英语一轮复习能力突破

该高中英语高考复习知识清单系统整理了名词专题的结构化知识，涵盖基本概念、分类、单复数变化、所有格及句法作用五大核心板块，构建了从名词分类（专有/普通名词）到核心考点（单复数、所有格）再到句法功能（主/宾/表语等）的完整知识网络。 清单采用分类对比呈现（如普通名词子类含义及例词对照）、核心考点标注（单复数变化标为高考核心考点）和高频易错点警示（如名词作定语单复数特例），培养学生语言理解与表达能力及逻辑思维品质。题型强化练结合阅读、完形、语法填空，设应用场景，帮助学生自主复习，教师可据此优化教学策略，提升备考效率。

2027年高考英语一轮复习能力突破（结构化知识+题型提升练） 专题01 名词 目录 第一部分 必备知识结构化清单 梳理必备的语言知识点，夯实语言基础能力 第二部分 必备能力题型强化练 必备知识与能力提升练，提升语言运用能力 ◇Part 01 必备知识结构化清单 一、名词基本概念 名词是表示人、事物、地点、抽象概念、物质名称的词，是句子主要成分（主语、宾语、表语、定语等）。 二、名词分类 大类 子类 含义 例词 例句 专有名词 / 特指独一无二的人、地点、机构、节日、人名，首字母必须大写 China, Tom, Beijing, Christmas Tom lives in Beijing.（汤姆住在北京。） 普通名词 个体名词（可数名词） 表示单个的人/事物，可直接计数 student, book, tree This is a new book.（这是一本新书。） 集体名词（可数/不可数名词） 表示一群人/一类事物的总称 family, class, team Our class is big.（我们班人数很多。） 物质名词（不可数名词） 表示无法分割、无法直接计数的物质/材料 water, rice, bread, wood I drink water every day.（我每天喝水。） 抽象名词（不可数名词） 表示情感、品质、状态、动作等抽象概念 happiness, time, courage Happiness is important.（快乐很重要。） 注意：集体名词单复数含义不同：强调整体用单数，强调成员用复数。部分名词可可数/不可数转换，含义改变。 例：My family is a big one.（整体，单数） My family are watching TV.（家人，复数） 三、名词单复数变化（高考核心考点） （一）规则变化 单数结尾 变化规则 单数 复数 例句 一般情况 直接加 -s book, pen books, pens There are two pens. s / x / ch / sh 加 -es bus, box, watch buses, boxes, watches Three boxes are on the desk. 辅音字母 + o 多数加 -es tomato, potato tomatoes, potatoes I like tomatoes. 元音字母 + o 直接加 -s radio, zoo radios, zoos Many radios are old. 辅音字母 + y 变 y 为 i，加 -es city, baby cities, babies Babies love toys. f / fe 变 f/fe 为 v，加 -es knife, leaf knives, leaves Leaves turn yellow in autumn. 特例（f/fe 直接加 s）：roof→roofs, belief→beliefs （二）不规则变化（高频必背） 1.单复数同形 deer（鹿）、sheep（绵羊）、fish（鱼）、Chinese（中国人）、Japanese（日本人） 例句：One sheep, two sheep.（一只羊，两只羊。） 2.内部元音变化 man→men woman→women foot→feet tooth→teeth 例句：Two women are doctors.（两位女士是医生。） 3.词尾特殊变化 child→children mouse→mice 例句：The children are playing.（孩子们在玩耍。） （三）特殊考点：不可数名词量化 不可数名词不能直接加 a/an 或变复数，需搭配量词短语： 结构：数词 + 量词 + of + 不可数名词 a cup of tea 一杯茶 → two cups of tea 两杯茶 a piece of bread 一片面包 → three pieces of bread 三片面包 例句：I want two pieces of bread.（我想要两片面包。） 四、名词所有格（表“所属关系”，高考单选/语法填空必考） 1. 's 所有格（主要用于有生命名词） 情况 变化规则 例词 例句 单数名词 词尾加 's Tom's bag 汤姆的包 This is Tom's bag. 不以s结尾的复数名词 词尾加 's children's room 孩子们的房间 It's the children's room. 以s结尾的复数名词 词尾只加 ' students' books 学生们的书 These are students' books. 两人共有 只在最后一个名词加 's Tom and Jack's room（两人共用一间房） Tom and Jack's room is tidy. 两人各自拥有 两个名词都加 's Tom's and Jack's rooms（各自的房间） Tom's and Jack's rooms are big. 2. of 所有格（主要用于无生命名词） 结构：名词 + of + 名词 the door of the room 房间的门 例句：The window of the classroom is clean.（教室的窗户很干净。） 3. 双重所有格（特殊结构：a/an/数词 + 名词 + of + 名词性物主代词/'s所有格） a friend of mine 我的一个朋友 a photo of Tom's 汤姆的一张照片 例句：She is a friend of my sister's.（她是我姐姐的一位朋友。） 五、名词主要句法作用 名词在句中可充当主语、宾语、表语、定语、同位语五大成分。 句子成分 用法说明 例句 主语 放在句首，表动作发出者 Dogs are cute.（狗很可爱。） 宾语 放在动词/介词后 I love music.（我喜欢音乐。） 表语 放在 be 动词/系动词后，说明主语 This is a desk.（这是一张桌子。） 定语 名词修饰另一个名词（作定语常用单数） a school bus 校车 同位语 解释说明前面名词 My sister, Lucy, is a teacher. ▲高频易错点： ①名词作定语一般用单数：shoe shop（鞋店）、book store（书店） 特例：sports meeting（运动会）、clothes shop（服装店）固定用复数 ②抽象名词具体化：抽象名词前加 a/an，表“一件/一种……的人/事” 例：a success 一件成功的事 / 一位成功者 ◇Part 02 必备能力题型强化练 一、阅读理解 1 Sleeping five more minutes, exercising 1.9 more minutes, and eating healthier each day could add a year to your life. This isn’t just wishful thinking — it’s the conclusion of a new study led by researchers from Australia and the UK. “We always think that we need to make massive adjustments,” Nicholas Koemel, who led the study, told the magazine Scientific American. But small changes add up to make something meaningful. For about eight years, the team followed 59,078 people in the UK. All participants provided information about their lifestyles and health, and some wore wristwatches that tracked their sleep and activity levels. Researchers evaluated everyone’s diet using a scoring system ranging from 0 to 100 across 10 categories, with higher scores indicating healthier diets. For example, eating at least three servings of fruit per day earned the maximum 10 points in the fruit category. Based on these data, researchers estimated approximate changes in lifespan using scientific modeling, NBC News reported. The results showed that people who sleep 5.5 hours per night, exercise 7.3 minutes per day and have a diet quality score of 36.9 could theoretically live a year longer with just five additional minutes of sleep, 1.9 minutes of vigorous (剧烈的) or moderate exercise and half an extra serving of vegetables each day. If improving all three areas is too challenging, either 25 extra minutes of sleep per night or an additional 2.3 minutes of exercise per day can also help. Professor Kevin McConway from the Open University in the UK argued that the study didn’t clearly describe its statistical methods. This makes it difficult to determine whether the findings are due to the data itself or the researchers’ choice of analyses. Koemel told NBC News that the message here should not necessarily be that making these small changes is a magic solution. Instead, it’s about taking the first step towards creating sustainable and achievable opportunities for more people. 1．What can we learn from the first two paragraphs? A．People tend to think that big changes are needed to improve health. B．The study on lifestyle was only conducted by Australian researchers. C．Small lifestyle changes have been proven to extend people’s lifespan. D．Nicholas Koemel believes that massive lifestyle adjustments are useless. 2．What can we infer about the diet scoring system from the example of fruit consumption? A．The system only evaluates fruit intake. B．Higher scores in the fruit category mean a healthier overall diet. C．The system sets quantifiable standards for each dietary component. D．Eating less than three servings of fruit per day results in a score of 0. 3．What is Professor Kevin McConway’s attitude towards the new study? A．Indifferent and unconcerned. B．Fully supportive and optimistic. C．Strongly critical and dismissive. D．Doubtful and cautiously reserved. 4．Which of the following is the most suitable title for the passage? A．A New Study on Lifespan and Lifestyle. B．How to Improve Your Lifestyle Effectively. C．The Importance of Sleep, Exercise and Diet. D．Small Lifestyle Changes Can Prolong Your Life. 2 Composition of E-Waste Nowadays, e-waste is one of the world’s fastest-growing waste streams. Waste electronics contain harmful substances like lead and mercury, posing serious environmental and health risks. However, e-waste also represents a valuable “urban mine”. It holds an estimated 31 million tons of metals, 17 million tons of plastics, and 14 million tons of glass. One ton of circuit boards (电路板) can contain up to 800 times more precious metals than a ton of gold-bearing rocks in the natural mines. Despite this, less than 1% of rare earth elements are recycled. Recycled e-waste is a valuable resource for sustainable industries. Its metals, e.g. gold and copper, are reused in electronics, vehicles, and renewable energy systems. Recovered plastics find new life in durable products, while glass is processed into building materials. This circular (循环的) approach cuts energy use, reduces mining demand, supporting both the economy and the environment. The e-waste management market is projected to more than double by 2027. While 81 countries have adopted Extended Producer Responsibility laws, collection rates still fall behind policy goals. To improve recycling, governments should strengthen EPR laws, and invest in facilities. Institutions can promote research and public awareness. Individuals should properly drop off e-waste at collection points, mend items rather than throw them away, and support brands with strong environmental commitments. 5．What percentage do screens and cables account for in all e-waste compositions? A．12%. B．14%. C．17%. D．60%. 6．What is a key advantage of e-waste compared to natural mines? A．It contains more rare elements. B．It provides more recoverable non-metals. C．It can be richer in precious metals. D．It works better as building materials. 7．What is suggested for individuals to help recycle e-waste? A．Invest in formal recycling facilities. B．Launch public awareness campaigns. C．Set clear personal take-back plans. D．Choose repair over replacement. 二、完形填空 Over 30 years ago, I started to build my dream house in a rural town. It was a 8 process, worsened by a demanding career that kept me traveling across Asia and the Pacific. 9 work, parenting, and the house often felt too much for me. One day I walked into a lighting shop. The shopkeeper wasn’t exactly 10 but, as it was the only furniture shop around, she won my 11 . I asked her some questions and received only one-or two-word answers. After 12 some lighting fittings, I was about to leave when she looked me firmly in the eyes and said, “However 13 your life seems, someone always has it far worse.” Then she went into the back of the shop. I was taken aback by her 14 and vividly remember getting into my truck and thinking how 15 and out of line she was. But as I returned home I 16 her words. Then it hit me — she was 17 right. The shopkeeper wasn’t offering those words with kindness but that is 18 . What she said deeply impacted my life. She must have seen something in me that 19 her comment, and it helped me 20 the vital truth: perspective (视角) is everything. I don’t think that woman could have 21 how much I would take her words on board. Years later, I found myself with two types of cancer. Yet I’ve gone through various treatments, and now I feel 22 simply because I can wake up each morning with the opportunity to enjoy my life as it is. 8．A．lonely B．stressful C．gradual D．regular 9．A．Balancing B．Integrating C．Skipping D．Choosing 10．A．silent B．serious C．friendly D．honest 11．A．business B．trust C．admiration D．approval 12．A．replacing B．fixing C．examining D．purchasing 13．A．plain B．fruitless C．tough D．changeable 14．A．strategy B．comment C．complaint D．advice 15．A．rude B．selfish C．strict D．wise 16．A．believed in B．reflected on C．worried about D．benefited from 17．A．absolutely B．slightly C．barely D．temporarily 18．A．evident B．meaningless C．irrelevant D．typical 19．A．indicated B．interrupted C．confirmed D．motivated 20．A．declare B．analyze C．expose D．realize 21．A．forgotten B．imagined C．recorded D．proved 22．A．calm B．surprised C．fortunate D．confused 三、单项选择 23．Man must evolve for all human ________ a method which rejects revenge, aggression, or retaliation. The foundation of such a method is love. A．conflicting B．conflicted C．conflict D．to conflict 24．There are five ________ in the hospital that specialize in children’s diseases. A．woman doctor B．women doctor C．woman doctors D．women doctors 25．Your suggestions are of great _____ to all of us and they are well worth ___________. A．valuable；to offer B．valuable；giving C．value；taking D．value；to follow 26．She has two ________ on the table. A．knife B．knifes C．knives D．knifees 27．It’s about ______ from here to our English teacher’s home. A．twenty-minutes walk B．twenty minute’s walk C．twenty-minute’s walk D．twenty minutes’ walk 28．The new school still needs to purchase ________ to be fully ________. A．many equipments; equipped B．many pieces of equipments; equipping C．much equipment; equipping D．many pieces of equipment; equipped 29．In time, Tang Yin gained ________ as one of the greatest artists China has ever known. A．liberation B．reputation C．expansion D．emission 30．In the after-class activities, the students had plenty of ____ and gained a lot of practical ____. A．exercises; experiences B．practices; experience C．practice; experience D．exercise; experiences 31．After he survived ________ the earthquake, Tom became one of the few ________ of the family and his ________ made his old friends very happy. A．/; survivors; survival B．in; survivors; survival C．from; survivors; survival D．/; survivor; surviving 32．The experiment that he ______ was ______. A．did; successfully B．made; successfully C．carried out; a success D．set out; a success 33．—Did you easily find his house? —Yes. Everyone in this city knew him, so we had his house. A．no difficulties finding B．not trouble in finding C．no difficulty to find D．no difficulty finding 34．Children can grow healthily ________ good ________. A．under; conditions B．in; condition C．on; conditions D．at; condition 35．Vegetables ________ many kinds of vitamins and many other useful materials. So we must eat them ________. A．include; everyday B．contain; everyday C．including; every day D．contain; every day 36．To our _____, the boss wasn’t_____at the_____news at all. A．astonishment; astonish; astonished B．astonishment; astonished; astonishing C．astonish; astonished; astonishing D．astonishment; astonishing; astonished 37．Mobile phone is an effective _______ of communication. A．meaning B．means C．mean D．meant 38．While most of us are only too ready to ________ others the cold wind of ________, we are somehow reluctant to give our fellows the warm sunshine of praise. A．respond to...conflict B．apply to ...criticism C．react to...threat D．reply to...superiority 39．Will it suit your _________ that we meet at 7.00 o'clock this evening? A．satisfaction B．appointment C．delight D．convenience 40．In the picture there are many________ and two________. A．sheep; foxes B．sheeps; fox C．sheeps; foxes D．sheep;foxs 41．As senior three students, we had better follow the ________as much as possible from our teachers and parents; although they are a bit nagging（唠叨）, indeed we are expected to make _________ in all aspects. A．advice; progress B．advices; progress C．advices; progresses D．advice; progresses 42．The winner will receive ________ of books. A．a ten pound worth B．ten pound worthy C．ten pounds' worth D．ten pounds' worthy 43．In a small wooded valley ________ two towns, both set in beautiful ________. A．lies; surrounding B．lie; surroundings C．lay; surrounding D．did lie; surroundings 44．The curious girl looked at the box________ and then she opened it out of __________ . A．curious, curious B．curiously, curiosity C．curiously, curious D．curiosity, curiously 45．The scientist and volunteers are working together to save a species of birds from _____ by replicating its natural habit. A．contact B．infection C．alternative D．extinction 46．The local clubs are making every ______ to interest more young people. A．effect B．effort C．contribution D．exchange 47．—Are all the students from in your class? —No, there are only three   in our class. The others are from other countries. A．Germany; Germen B．Germany; Germans C．German; Germans D．German; Germany 48．—She got her first science fiction published. It turned out to be________. —When was that? —It was in 2008________ she was still in college. A．a success; when B．success; that C．success; when D．a success; that 49．It is bad _______ to talk with your finger ______ at the other person. A．manners, points B．manner, to point C．manners, pointing D．manner, pointed 50．Olympic athletes bring joy to people across the world with their____________ to push the boundaries of human achievement. A．intelligence B．influences C．impression D．attempts 51．Residents in the remote area have _______ about what the disease is all about, not to mention prevention and treatment. A．a little knowledge B．little knowledge C．few knowledges D．a few knowledges 52．—Whose umbrella is it？ —It’s _________. A．somebody else’s B．somebody else C．somebody’s else’s D．Somebody’s else 53．Scientists have sounded a clear note of ________ regarding the technique’s high cost and ethical concerns. A．enthusiasm B．optimism C．indication D．caution 54． the increasingly urgent environmental problems, the government announced a series of new policies aimed at reducing carbon and promoting renewable energy. A．In contrast to; submission B．In favor of; absorption C．In terms of; inspections D．In response to; emissions 55．Courage is not the ________ of fear, but rather the judgement that something else is more important than fear. A．aspect B．credit C．absence D．extinction 56．The saying criticizes any ________ that fails to identify the root cause and ________ ineffective in solving underlying issues. A．recreation; proved B．consequence; is proved C．approach; proves D．commitment; has proven 57．I still remember the ______ where the headmaster awarded me the prize. A．view B．scene C．scenery D．sight 58．As far as I know, the new museum in our city doesn’t charge for , so anyone can visit it for free. A．permission B．admission C．recognition D．consideration 59．Peace talks between Kenya’s president and the opposition over the controversial election are dragging on without any _________. A．resolution B．assignment C．difference D．procedure 60．Faced with the tough challenge, the team members showed great courage and _________, finally achieving their goal. A．reservation B．conservation C．perseverance D．insurance 61．The ancient murals in the Mogao Grottoes stand as a(n) ______ to how the Silk Road brought East and West together thousands of years ago. A．witness B．reaction C．awareness D．solution 62．With the development of artificial intelligence, a growing public _____ has emerged about its potential impact on the job market. A．curiosity B．debate C．fortune D．harmony 63．The ________ of nature toppling trees and flooding streets. A．machinery B．luxury C．might D．mass 64．After the stranger helped her carry her heavy suitcase up the stairs, a warm sense of ________ welled up within her. A．frustration B．gratitude C．curiosity D．confidence 65．She was impatient in the ________ that time was limited, and that every moment lost could not be recovered. A．longing B．knowledge C．misgiving D．mood 66．The story of The Hunchback of Notre-Dame reminds us that a person’s worth lies in their inner beauty and ________, rather than their social status or physical appearance. A．compromise B．integrity C．prejudice D．occupation 67．It is clear that whole world is passing through a social rejuvenation in which a central must be taken by scientists and technologists. A．process B．attention C．measure D．part 68．The idea is that some of the most timely and creative come from locals suffering from environmental dilemmas firsthand. A．responses B．reminder C．appeal D．issues 69．This common attentiveness, especially that moment of silent eye contact, transformed the encounter into a dialogue beyond words, changing my understanding of interspecies . A．recognition B．cooperation C．distance D．connection 70．“What tortured me the most was my children’s ________. I wished they would complain, cry or even go to the neighbours to ask for food,” said Samiya. A．bravery B．innocence C．generosity D．silence 71．Needless to say, needles have always been a part of my life. They have been a physical ________ of how I’ve developed as a person. A．test B．copy C．reminder D．product 72．A number of ________ ruled out that the children misunderstood what they were being asked. A．instructions B．descriptions C．experiments D．assumptions 73．Now, every year when my husband pulls our camper out of the garage, we are filled with a sense of _________, wondering what camping fun and (adventure) we will experience next. A．relief B．duty C．pride D．excitement 74．These gestures sometimes have the power to change the of one’s life. A．course B．reality C．status D．value 75．I sit in my apartment today, loving each of the that share our small space. A．giveaways B．posts C．contributions D．belongings 76．An exemption voucher (免除凭证) will be issued to people who access the city for work, school or medical care, as well as to people born in Venice and ________ of the region. A．students B．workers C．stewards D．residents 77．His trust in me is absolute, which is quite a nice feeling, but at the same time gives me a huge sense of ________. A．relief B．satisfaction C．achievement D．responsibility 四、语法填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式. Patriotism (爱国主义) can be shown not only in the years of war but also in the years of peace. In today’s era, our country still needs patriotism 78 (realize) the Chinese Dream. The well-known figures of patriotism we are familiar with 79 (be) the late scientists Huang Danian and Deng Jiaxian. Patriotism had been rooted deeply in their bones, for they fulfilled their dreams of rejuvenating (复兴) the Chinese nation with many exceptional 80 (achieve). The strategic geophysicist Huang Danian, with his particular expertise in deep earth exploration technology, has helped China take the lead in 81 number of technical fields, whether under the earth’s crust (地壳) 82 in the high sky. The nuclear physicist Deng Jiaxian, one of the founding fathers of the “Two Bombs and One Satellite” project, 83 (significant) contributing to China’s cause of national defense. Up to now, their patriotic deeds and deep affection for the motherland 84 (make) them role models, especially for the young. Both Huang and Deng are heroes of our time, 85 tremendous contributions originate from their hard work and patriotic feelings. With the passion 86 (pass) down to us, we should resolutely follow the path paved by them and draw inspiration 87 their noble spirit, shouldering the mission of realizing national rejuvenation. 参考答案 一、 1 1．A 2．C 3．D 4．D 【解析】文章介绍了一项联合研究，证实日常微小的睡眠、运动、饮食调整有助于延长寿命，同时也提及外界对该研究统计方法的质疑。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段“Sleeping five more minutes, exercising 1.9 more minutes, and eating healthier each day could add a year to your life. This isn’t just wishful thinking — it’s the conclusion of a new study led by researchers from Australia and the UK.(每天多睡五分钟、多运动1.9分钟、饮食更健康一点，或许能让你的寿命延长一年。这并非空想，而是澳英两国研究人员联合开展的一项新研究得出的结论。)”和第二段“ ‘We always think that we need to make massive adjustments,’ Nicholas Koemel, who led the study, told the magazine Scientific American. But small changes add up to make something meaningful. (该研究负责人尼古拉斯・科梅尔在接受《科学美国人》杂志采访时表示：‘我们总觉得必须做出巨大改变。但点滴改变累积起来，就能带来可观的效果。’)”可知，人们通常认为改善健康需要做出大的改变。 2．推理判断题。根据第三段中“Researchers evaluated everyone’s diet using a scoring system ranging from 0 to 100 across 10 categories, with higher scores indicating healthier diets. For example, eating at least three servings of fruit per day earned the maximum 10 points in the fruit category. Based on these data, researchers estimated approximate changes in lifespan using scientific modeling, NBC News reported. (研究人员采用0至100分的评分体系，从十个维度对所有人的饮食进行评估，分数越高代表饮食越健康。例如，每日食用至少三份水果，就能在水果这一项拿到满分10分。据美国全国广播公司报道，研究人员依托这些数据，通过科学模型估算出了人们寿命的大致变化。)”可知，饮食评分系统分为十个维度，举例“每天至少吃3份水果就能在水果这一项拿到满分”，可以推断出该系统对每个饮食组成都设定了可量化的标准。 3．推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Professor Kevin McConway from the Open University in the UK argued that the study didn’t clearly describe its statistical methods. This makes it difficult to determine whether the findings are due to the data itself or the researchers’ choice of analyses. (英国开放大学的凯文・麦康韦教授提出，这项研究未清晰说明统计方法，因此很难判断研究结果是源于真实数据，还是研究人员的分析方式导致。)”可知，麦康韦教授指出该研究没有清晰说明统计方法，难以判定研究结果是否可靠，说明他对研究结论持怀疑、谨慎保留的态度。 4．主旨大意题。根据第一段“Sleeping five more minutes, exercising 1.9 more minutes, and eating healthier each day could add a year to your life. This isn’t just wishful thinking — it’s the conclusion of a new study led by researchers from Australia and the UK. (每天多睡五分钟、多运动1.9分钟、饮食更健康一点，或许能让你的寿命延长一年。这并非空想，而是澳英两国研究人员联合开展的一项新研究得出的结论。)”并结合全文可知，文章介绍了一项联合研究：日常微小的作息、运动、饮食改变能够延长寿命，全文围绕这个研究结论展开，选项D“Small Lifestyle Changes Can Prolong Your Life (微小的生活方式改变可以延长你的寿命)”能精准概括文章核心，适合作为标题。 2 5．B 6．C 7．D 【解析】本文介绍了电子废弃物的成分占比、危害与回收价值，阐述电子废弃物被称为“城市矿山”的原因，介绍了其回收利用的优势、行业发展现状，并提出改善电子废弃物回收的具体举措。 5．细节理解题。根据数据“Screens (CRT and LCD) (12%)”和“Cables (2%)”，计算可得12%+2%=14%。 6．细节理解题。根据第二段“One ton of circuit boards can contain up to 800 times more precious metals than a ton of gold-bearing rocks in the natural mines(一吨电路板所含的贵金属含量，最高可达一吨天然含金矿石的800倍)”可知，相比天然矿山，电子废弃物的贵金属含量更高。 7．推理判断题。根据最后一段“Individuals should properly drop off e-waste at collection points, mend items rather than throw them away, and support brands with strong environmental commitments(个人应将电子废弃物投放至指定回收点，修补旧物品而非直接丢弃，支持环保品牌)”可知，个人可以通过维修旧物品、不随意更换新物品助力回收。 二、 8．B 9．A 10．C 11．A 12．D 13．C 14．B 15．A 16．B 17．A 18．C 19．D 20．D 21．B 22．C 【解析】作者讲述了三十多年前在建房过程中倍感压力，偶遇一位灯具店老板娘的一句话点醒了他。多年后身患两种癌症，他依然感恩生活，领悟到”视角决定一切”的人生真谛。 8．考查形容词。句意：那是一个充满压力的过程，因繁忙的事业而更加恶化。A. lonely孤独的；B. stressful有压力的；C. gradual逐渐的；D. regular规律的。根据后文“worsened by a demanding career”以及“work, parenting, and the house often felt too much for me”可知，建房过程让作者感到不堪重负，是一个充满压力的过程。 9．考查动词。句意：平衡工作、育儿和房子，对我来说常常显得过于沉重。A. Balancing平衡；B. Integrating整合；C. Skipping跳过；D. Choosing选择。根据后文“work, parenting, and the house often felt too much”可知，作者需要同时兼顾三件事，即在三者之间寻求平衡。 10．考查形容词。句意：店主并不十分友好，但因为是附近唯一的家具店，她赢得了我的光顾。A. silent沉默的；B. serious严肃的；C. friendly友好的；D. honest诚实的。根据后文“received only one-or two-word answers”可知，店主回答非常简短，说明她并不友好。 11．考查名词。句意：同上。A. business生意；B. trust信任；C. admiration钦佩；D. approval认可。根据前文“it was the only furniture shop around”可知，因为没有别的选择，作者只能在她那里消费，“win one’s business”是固定搭配，意为“赢得某人的光顾”。 12．考查动词。句意：我买完几件灯具正要离开时，她坚定地直视我的眼睛说道：“无论你的生活多么艰难，总有人过得比你糟糕得多。”然后她走进了店铺的后面。A. replacing更换；B. fixing修理；C. examining检查；D. purchasing购买。根据前文“as it was the only furniture shop around, she won my ____.”可知作者走进灯具店并赢得了店主的生意，推断作者在店里购买了一些灯具。 13．考查形容词。句意：同上。A. plain平凡的；B. fruitless无果的；C. tough艰难的；D. changeable多变的。根据前文“____ work, parenting, and the house often felt too much for me.”可知作者感到工作、育儿、建房压力巨大，推断店主说的是“不管你的生活看起来有多艰难”。 14．考查名词。句意：她的话让我大吃一惊，至今仍清晰记得自己上卡车时，觉得她行为如此无礼、完全不合规矩。A. strategy策略；B. comment话语；C. complaint抱怨；D. advice建议。根据前文店主说的“However tough your life seems, someone always has it far worse.”可知，这是店主说的一句话/评论，作者被这番话震惊了。 15．考查形容词。句意：同上。A. rude粗鲁的；B. selfish自私的；C. strict严格的；D. wise明智的。根据前文店主简短冷淡的回答以及突然说出那样的话，作者当时觉得她很粗鲁。且与后文“wasn’t offering those words with kindness”呼应。 16．考查动词短语。句意：但当我回到家时，我反思了她的话。A. believed in相信；B. reflected on反思；C. worried about担心；D. benefited from受益于。根据后文“Then it hit me”可知，作者回家后仔细思考了店主的话，然后才突然领悟。 17．考查副词。句意：然后我突然意识到——她完全是对的。A. absolutely绝对地；B. slightly稍微；C. barely几乎不；D. temporarily暂时地。根据后文“What she said deeply impacted my life”可知，店主的话对作者影响深远，说明她说得完全正确。 18．考查形容词。句意：店主说那些话并非出于善意，但这无关紧要。A. evident明显的；B. meaningless无意义的；C. irrelevant无关紧要的；D. typical典型的。根据前文“wasn’t offering those words with kindness”及转折连词but可知，虽然她不是出于善意，但这并不重要，重要的是她的话深深影响了作者。 19．考查动词。句意：她一定是在我身上看到了什么，才促使她说了那番话，这帮助我认识到一个至关重要的真理：视角决定一切。A. indicated表明；B. interrupted打断；C. confirmed确认；D. motivated促使。根据前文“She must have seen something in me ”可推断店主看到作者身上的某种状态（疲惫、压力大），才促使她说出那番话。 20．考查动词。句意：同上。A. declare宣布；B. analyze分析；C. expose揭露；D. realize认识到。根据后文“perspective is everything”可知，这是作者领悟到的道理，“realize the truth”意为“认识到真理”。 21．考查动词。句意：我想那位女士根本无法预料，我会如此重视她的话。A. forgotten忘记；B. imagined想象；C. recorded记录；D. proved证明。根据后文“Years later, I found myself with two types of cancer”可知，店主不可能预料到多年后作者身患癌症时仍记得她的话，即她无法想象这句话对作者影响之深。 22．考查形容词。句意：但我已经接受过多种治疗，现在我感到幸运，仅仅因为我每天早上醒来都有机会享受生活本来的样子。A. calm平静的；B. surprised惊讶的；C. fortunate幸运的；D. confused困惑的。根据后文“simply because I can wake up each morning with the opportunity to enjoy my life as it is”可知，身患两种癌症仍能享受每一天，作者感到非常幸运。 三、 23．C 【解析】考查名词。句意：人类必须为所有人类冲突进化出一种拒绝报复、攻击或反击的方法。这种方法的基础是爱。本空作介词for的宾语，应用名词conflict，表示“冲突”，此处指人类冲突，为抽象概念，不可数。故选C。 24．D 【解析】考查复合名词复数。句意：这家医院有五位专门治疗儿童疾病的女医生。“woman”修饰名词复数时，自身需变为复数“women”，且“doctor”也需用复数“doctors”，符合语境。故选D。 25．C 【解析】考查名词和动名词。句意：你的建议对我们所有人都很有价值，而且非常值得采纳。第一空，“be of great +名词”是固定结构，相当于“be very +形容词”，valuable的名词形式为value，故第一空为value；第二空，根据“be worth doing”意为“值得做某事”可知，此处为动名词形式作宾语，“doing”用主动形式表被动含义，所以第二空为taking。故选C项。 26．C 【解析】考查名词复数形式。句意：她桌上有两把刀。分析句子可知，空前为two，此处为名词复数形式，“knife”（刀）是以“fe”结尾的可数名词，其复数形式需遵循“去掉 fe，加 ves”的规则，即“knives”。故选C项。 27．D 【解析】考查固定搭配。句意：从这里到我们英语老师家步行大约需要二十分钟。这个表达用来描述从一个地点到另一个地点的距离，采用“时间单位（复数形式）+ 名词所有格（’s）+ 名词（walk）”的结构。“twenty minutes”表示二十分钟，由于“minutes”是复数形式，其所有格只需在末尾加一个（’），所以正确的表达方式为“twenty minutes’ walk”。故选D。 28．D 【解析】考查不可数名词和语态。句意：新学校还需要购置许多设备才能装备齐全。equipment意为“设备”，是不可数名词，其复数形式需要借助量词piece，“许多设备”用many pieces of equipment表示，作宾语；动词equip意为“装备，配备”，与其逻辑主语The new school之间是被动关系，用过去分词构成不定式的被动式to be equipped。故选D项。 29．B 【解析】考查名词短语。句意：随着时间的推移，唐寅获得了作为中国有史以来最伟大的艺术家之一的声誉。A. liberation解放；B. expansion扩张；C. reputation声誉；D. emission排放。根据句意，唐寅随着时间的推移获得了作为伟大艺术家的声誉，因此reputation符合语境。故选 B 项。 30．C 【解析】考查名词词义辨析和不可数名词。句意：在课外活动中，同学们进行了大量的实践，获得了丰富的实践经验。本题需要注意三个单词可数与不可数的用法，practice指“实践”时为不可数名词；exercise指“锻炼”时，为不可数名词，表示“体操”或“练习（题）”时是可数名词；experience指“经历”时为可数名词，指“经验”时为不可数名词。结合句意可知，第一空指“同学们进行了大量的实践”，用不可数名词practice，第二空意为“获得了丰富的实践经验”，用不可数名词experience，故选C。 31．A 【解析】考查动词用法和名词词义辨析。句意：在他从地震中幸存下来后，汤姆成为这个家庭为数不多的幸存者之一，他的幸存使他的老朋友们非常高兴。survivors幸存者；survival幸存。第一空前survive意为“幸存；幸免于难；艰难度过”，是及物动词，后直接跟宾语，不需要使用介词；第二空前有the few，应用survivor的复数形式，表示“少数的幸存者”；第三空作主语，被his修饰，表示“幸存”，用抽象名词survival。故选A项。 32．C 【解析】考查固定短语和名词。句意：他进行的实验是成功的。分析句子结构可知，“that he”是定语从句，修饰先行词the experiment，从句中缺少谓语，且that指代the experiment，在从句中作宾语，carry out the experiment“完成（进行）试验”符合句意；第二空在主句中作表语，可用名词短语a success(一件成功的事)或形容词successful(成功的)作表语。故选C。 33．D 【解析】考查固定短语。句意：——你很容易找到他的房子吗?——是的。这个城市的每个人都认识他，所以我们毫不费力就找到了他的房子。根据“Everyone in this city knew him”可推知，毫不费力就能找到了他的房子；“做某事没有困难”用固定短语have no difficulty/trouble (in) doing sth.表示，其中difficulty是不可数名词。故选D项。 34．A 【解析】考查介词词义辨析和名词。句意：儿童可以在良好的条件下健康成长。A. under在……下面，conditions条件；B. in在……里面， condition条件； C. on在……之上， conditions条件； D. at在（场所，时间，地点等），condition条件。根据句意可知，此处表示“在……环境下”应用under …. conditions。故选A 项。 35．D 【解析】考查动词词义辨析和名词短语。句意：蔬菜含有多种维生素和许多其他有用的物质。所以我们必须每天吃它们。everyday是形容词，意为“每日的；日常的”，多作定语；every day为名词短语，在句子中作状语；contain意思是“包含，含有”，多指含有的成分；include侧重于某一部分也包括在某一整体内；including包括，是介词。第一空是句子的谓语动词。故选D项。 36．B 【解析】考查astonish的名词和形容词的用法。句意：令我们吃惊的是，老板对这个惊人的消息一点也不惊讶。astonishment为名词；astonished adj.表示“感到惊奇的”，一般修饰人；astonishing adj. 表示“令人惊奇的”，一般修饰物。由句意及空①前的To our可知空①应填名词形式astonishment，作宾语；由空②前的the boss wasn’t及空后的at可知空②应填-ed形式的形容词astonished；由空③后的news可知应填-ing形式的形容词astonishing。故选B项。 37．B 【解析】考查名词作表语和名词词义辨析。句意：手机是一种有效的通讯方法。A. meaning意思；B. means方法；C. mean意思是，平均数；D. meant意思是（mean的过去分词和过去式）。分析句子可知，空格处应用名词，在句中作表语，“meant”为“mean”的过去分词和过去式，排除，剩余三项均有名词词性，根据句意可知，手机是一种有效的通讯方法，“means”意为“方法”，符合句意。故选B项。 38．B 【解析】考查动词短语辨析和名词词义辨析。句意：我们大多数人只愿意把批评的冷风施加到别人身上，但不知何故却不愿意把赞美的温暖阳光给予我们的同伴。A. respond to对……作出回应，conflict冲突，矛盾； B. apply to 把……应用到……，把……施加到……，criticism批评；C. react to对……作出反映，threat威胁；D. reply to对……作出回复，superiority优越，优势。根据while可知，前后两句表示转折关系。所以，the cold wind of ________和第二句话中的“give our fellows the warm sunshine of praise”正好相反。和praise相反的是“批评(criticism)”。所以应该选B。apply sth. to sb.意为“将……应用到……，将……施加到……”。该处指apply the cold wind of criticism to others(将批评的冷风施加到别人身上，即：批评别人)。故选B。 39．D 【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们今晚7点见面，你看方便吗?A.satisfaction 满意；B.appointment 约会， 预约，约定；C.delight 高兴；D.convenience 方便。分析可知，名词convenience符合句意，作动词suit 的宾语。故选D项。 40．A 【解析】考查名词单复数辨析。句意：图中有许多羊和两只狐狸。根据题意，由many许多，可知sheep用复数形式，sheep羊，单复数同形；空格二由two可知，fox用复数形式，fox狐狸，复数形式为foxes。故选A项。 41．A 【解析】考查名词。句意：作为高三的学生，我们尽可能多地听取老师和家长的建议；虽然他们有点唠叨，但我们确实有望在各方面取得进步。advice（建议）和progress（进步）都是不可数名词，故选A。 42．C 【解析】考查名词所有格。句意：获胜者将得到价值10英镑的书籍。worth价值，为名词，通常 worth 后面跟着 of，而且句子里一般含有具体金钱数额。ten pounds'后接名词，而worthy是形容词，故选C。 43．B 【解析】考查倒装句，时态和名词。句意：在一个树木繁茂的小山谷里有两个城镇，都坐落在美丽的环境中。分析句子可知，表示方位的介副词短语置于句首，句子使用全部倒装，根据句意用一般现在时，lie“位于”，lay是lie的过去式，故排除C、D项，主语是two towns，是复数，故谓语动词用复数，surrounding“周围的”，是形容词，surroundings“环境”是名词，形容词beautiful修饰名词surroundings作介词宾语，故选B。 44．B 【解析】考查词副词和名词。句意：这个好奇的女孩好奇地看了看盒子，然后出于好奇把它打开了。A.curious好奇的；curious好奇的；B.curiously好奇地，curiosity好奇心；C. curiously好奇地, curious好奇的；D.curiosity好奇心, curiously好奇地。分析句子结构可知，第一空应填写副词修饰动词looked；根据“out of ”可知，第二空应填写名词，out of curiosity意为“出于好奇”，故选B。 45．D 【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：科学家和志愿者们正在共同努力，通过复制一种鸟类的自然习性来拯救它，使其免于灭绝。A. contact联系；B. infection感染；C. alternative供替代的选择；D. extinction灭绝。根据句意以及前文“to save a species of birds”可知，此处from extinction指“免于灭绝”。故选D项。 46．B 【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：当地的俱乐部正在尽一切努力使更多的年轻人感兴趣。A. effect效果；B. effort努力；C. contribution贡献；D. exchange交换。由语义可知，要想使更多的年轻人感兴趣，俱乐部需要尽一切努力。故选B项。 47．B 【解析】考查专有名词。句意:一你班上所有的学生都来自德国吗？一不，我们班只有三个德国人。其他人来自别的国家。Germany德国；German德国人，其复数形式是Germans。故选B。 48．A 【解析】考查名词用法和定语从句关系词。句意：——她出版了第一部科幻小说。结果很成功。——什么时候？——那是2008年她还在上大学的时候。success作为成功的人或事，为可数名词，因此第一个空应填a success，表示“一件成功的事情”；后一个空格处是when引导的定语从句。最后一句话不是强调句型。假如是强调句型，应该是“It was in 2009 when she was still in college that she got her first science fiction published.”故选A项。 【点睛】对于名词要搞清楚可数不可数名词，要放在具体的语境看它的用法。此题第一个空是作为可数名词“一件成功的事情”，故选择a success。 49．C 【解析】考查名词的数和非谓语动词。句意：用手指着别人说话是不礼貌的。第一个空考查manner当"礼貌"讲时必须用复数形式，短语bad manners“不礼貌；坏习惯”；第二个空考查"with+宾语+宾语补足语"，your finger与point at是主动关系，故用动词-ing形式作宾补，第二空应填pointing。故选C。 50．D 【解析】考查名词。句意：奥运健儿们努力突破人类成就的极限，为全世界人民带来了欢乐。A. intelligence智力，理解力；B. influences    影响；C. impression印象，效果；D. attempts企图，试图。结合句意可知D项符合语境。 51．B 【解析】考查名词单复数。句意：偏远地区的居民对这种疾病的情况知之甚少，更不用说预防和治疗了。knowledge是不可数名词，故排除C和D；a little＂一点＂，表示肯定的含义；little＂很少，几乎没有＂，表示否定的含义。根据句意，故选B。 52．A 【解析】考查名词的格。句意：——这是谁的雨伞?——这是别人的雨伞。不定代词后接else时，所有格放在else上，故选A。 53．D 【解析】句意：科学家们针对这项技术高昂的成本与伦理问题发出明确警示。A. enthusiasm热情；B. optimism乐观；C. indication迹象；D. caution谨慎，警示。结合“regarding the technique’s high cost and ethical concerns”可知，这项技术存在高昂的成本与伦理问题，用科学家们发出明确警示，用caution。 54．D 【解析】句意：为了应对日益紧迫的环境问题，政府宣布了一系列旨在减少碳排放和促进可再生能源的新政策。A. In contrast to与……形成对比；submission提交；B. In favor of支持；absorption吸收；C. In terms of就……而言；inspections检查；D. In response to响应，应对；emissions排放。根据句意可知，政府宣布新政策是为了应对日益紧迫的环境问题，“In response to”表示“响应，应对”，符合语境；且环境问题与二氧化碳的“排放”有关，“emissions”表示“排放”，符合语境。 55．C 【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：勇敢并不代表没有恐惧，而是判断有比恐惧更重要的东西。A. aspect方面；B. credit信用；C. absence缺席、缺乏；D. extinction消灭、灭绝。根据“but rather the judgement that something else is more important than fear”可推知，勇敢并代表没有恐惧，即“缺乏”恐惧，用名词absence作表语，符合语境。故选C项。 56．C 【解析】考查名词词义辨析和动词时态。句意：这句话批评的是任何未能找出根本原因且在解决根本问题方面效果不佳的方法。recreation娱乐，consequence后果，approach方法，commitment承诺，投入，忠诚。根据that fails to identify the root cause可知，这里表示“方法”用approach；that引导限制性定语从句，第二空与fails并列作谓语，prove为系动词，无被动语态，且描述客观事实，用一般现在时，主语approach为单数，动词用第三人称单数形式proves。故选C。 57．B 【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我依然记得校长给我颁奖的场景。A. view观点，视野；B. scene场景；C. scenery风景；D. sight视力，景象。根据下文的“the headmaster awarded me the prize”可知，这里描述的是一个具体的场景，即校长颁奖的那一刻，应该使用scene来表示这个场景。故选B。 58．B 【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：据我所知，我们城市的新博物馆不收取入场费，所以任何人都可以免费参观。A. permission许可；B. admission入场费，进入许可；C. recognition识别，认可；D. consideration考虑。根据空后“so anyone can visit it for free”可知，新博物馆不收取入场费。故选B。 59．A 【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：肯尼亚总统与反对派之间就有争议的选举举行的和平谈判拖延许久，没有达成任何决议。A. resolution决议，解决；B. assignment任务，分配；C. difference差异，不同；D. procedure程序，步骤。根据前文“Peace talks...are dragging on”可知，谈判一直拖延没有结果，resolution符合语境。故选A项。 60．C 【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：面对艰巨的挑战，团队成员们展现出了极大的勇气和毅力，最终实现了他们的目标。A. reservation预订，保留；B. conservation保护，保存；C. perseverance毅力，坚持不懈；D. insurance保险。由语意可知，团队面对挑战仍坚持完成目标，体现出的是坚持不懈的精神。故选C项。 61．A 【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：莫高窟的古代壁画见证了数千年前丝绸之路是如何将东西方连接在一起的。A. witness见证；B. reaction反应；C. awareness意识；D. solution解决方案。结合“how the Silk Road brought East and West together thousands of years ago”可知，空格处应表达“见证”，表示壁画见证了历史，用名词witness。故选A。 62．B 【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：随着人工智能的发展，公众对其在就业市场上的潜在影响的争论日益增多。A. curiosity好奇；B. debate争论，辩论；C. fortune财富，运气；D. harmony和谐。根据“artificial intelligence”（人工智能）和“its potential impact on the job market”（它对就业市场的潜在影响）的语境可知，此处表达公众之间对此产生了越来越多的“争论”，debate符合句意，故选B项。 63．B 【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：大自然恣意妄为的“奢侈”——推倒树木，淹没街道。A. machinery机器，机械装置；B. luxury奢侈的享受；不常有的乐趣(或享受、优势)；C. might力量，威力；D. mass大量，众多。 根据下文“toppling trees and flooding streets(推倒了树木，淹没了街道)”可知，此处表示大自然那种不受约束、肆意施展力量的特权/恣意。故选B。 64．B 【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在陌生人帮她把沉重的行李箱搬上楼后，一股温暖的感激之情在她心中涌起。A. frustration沮丧；B. gratitude感激；C. curiosity好奇；D. confidence自信。根据“the stranger helped her carry her heavy suitcase up the stairs”（陌生人帮她搬沉重的行李箱上楼）的语境可知，此处表达内心充满感激，gratitude符合句意，故选B项。 65．B 【解析】考查名词词义辨析。 句意：她知道时间有限，每失去一刻都无法挽回，所以变得不耐烦。 A. longing渴望；憧憬； B. knowledge知道；了解；C. misgiving疑虑；担忧 ；D. mood情绪；心情。根据time was limited, and that every moment lost could not be recovered可知，表明她清楚时间的特性，in the knowledge that表示“知道……”，故选B。 66．B 【解析】考查名词词义辨析。 句意：《巴黎圣母院》的故事提醒我们，一个人的价值在于其内在的美好与正直品格，而非社会地位或外在容貌。 A. compromise妥协；折中；让步； B. integrity正直，诚实，完整； C. prejudice偏见，成见； D. occupation职业，工作，占据。 根据上文“their inner beauty”可知，个人的价值在于其内在的美好与正直品格。故选B项。 67．D 【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：很明显，整个世界正在经历一场社会复兴，在这场复兴中，科学家和技术人员必须发挥核心作用。A. process过程；B. attention注意力；C. measure措施；D. part角色，作用。结合语境“a central must be taken by scientists and technologists”可知，表示科学家和技术人员要在社会复兴中发挥核心作用，固定搭配take a part (in sth)，意为 “参与某事；在某事中扮演角色”。故选D项。 68．A 【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这个观点是，一些最及时、最有创意的应对之策，来自那些亲身遭遇环境困境的当地人。A. responses回应，应对之策；B. reminder提醒物；C. appeal呼吁，吸引力；D. issues问题。根据“from locals suffering from environmental dilemmas firsthand”的语境可知，此处指针对环境困境的应对办法，responses符合语义，故选A项。 69．D 【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这种共同的关注，尤其是那个无声对视的瞬间，将这次邂逅变成了一场难以言喻的对话，改变了我对物种间联系的理解。A. recognition认可；B. cooperation合作；C. distance距离；D. connection联系。结合前文transformed the encounter into a dialogue beyond words可知，此处指物种间的联系。故选D项。 70．D 【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：“最折磨我的是孩子们的沉默。我真希望他们能抱怨、哭泣，甚至去邻居家要食物，”Samiya说。A. bravery勇敢；B. innocence天真；C. generosity慷慨；D. silence沉默。根据下文“I wished they would complain, cry or even go to the neighbours to ask for food”可知，最折磨Samiya的是孩子们的沉默不语。故选D。 71．C 【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：毋庸置疑，针具一直是我生活的一部分。它们一直在提醒我作为一个人是如何成长的。A. test测验；B. copy复印件，复制品，一册；C. reminder引起回忆的事物，提醒人的事物；D. product产品。根据上文“Needless to say, needles have always been a part of my life.”及空后“how I’ve developed as a person.”可知，各种不同的针代表着“我”人生中不同的经历和阶段，每当看到或想起这些针，它们就会触发记忆，让“我”回想起与之相关的经历，从而想起自己是如何通过这些经历成长起来的，这些针是个人成长的见证。故选C项。 72．C 【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：多项实验排除了孩子们误解他们被问到的问题的可能性。A. instructions指示、说明；B. descriptions描述、描写；C. experiments实验；D. assumptions假设、假定。根据“ruled out that(排除了……的可能性)”可知，此处指通过有力的证据、测试或调查来否定某种可能性上下文，属于科学验证的过程，experiments“实验”符合语境。故选C项。 73．D 【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：现在，每年当我丈夫把露营车从车库里拉出来时，我们都会充满兴奋，想知道接下来我们会经历什么样的露营乐趣和冒险。A. relief救济；B. duty职责；C. pride自豪；D. excitement兴奋。根据上文的“Now, every year when my husband pulls our camper out of the garage”以及下文的“wondering what camping fun”可知，作者他们一看到丈夫把露营车拉出来时，他们就会想知道接下来露营的乐趣是怎么样的，因此可知作者他们是期待接下来的露营，对此充满兴奋之情。故选D。 74．A 【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这些举动有时有能力改变一个人的人生轨迹。A. course进程，轨迹；B. reality现实；C. status地位；D. value价值。根据上文These gestures sometimes have the power to change the可知，这些举动能改变人生轨迹，course of one’s life意为“人生轨迹”。故选A。 75．D 【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：今天我坐在我的公寓里，爱着我们小空间里的每一件所有物。A. giveaways赠品；B. posts帖子，邮件；C. contributions贡献；D. belongings所有物。根据上文“I sit in my apartment today”以及下文“share our small space”可推知，此处指现在拥有的物品。故选D。 76．D 【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：因工作、上学或医疗原因进入该市的人，以及在威尼斯出生和该地区的居民将获得免除凭证。A. students学生；B. workers工人；C. stewards乘务员；D. residents居民。根据上文“people born in Venice”以及下文“of the region”可知，此处指的是在威尼斯出生的和该地区的居民。故选D。 77．D 【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他对我的信任是绝对的，这是一种很好的感觉，但同时也给了我巨大的责任感。A. relief宽慰；B. satisfaction满意；C. achievement成就；D. responsibility责任。根据上文“quite a nice feeling”以及表示转折的“but”可知，对方的绝对信任让“我”感觉很好，但是也让“我”深感责任重大。故选D项。 四、 78．to realize 79．are 80．achievements 81．a 82．or 83．significantly 84．have made 85．whose 86．passed 87．from 【解析】文章主要讲的是爱国主义在和平年代的重要性，并通过黄大年和邓稼先的爱国事迹激励我们传承他们的精神，为实现中国梦而努力。 【解析】78．考查非谓语动词。句意：在当今时代，我们国家依然需要爱国主义来实现中国梦。此处用不定式作目的状语，表示“国家需要爱国主义来实现中国梦”，用to realize。 79．考查时态和主谓一致。句意：我们熟知的爱国典范是已故科学家黄大年和邓稼先。句子主语是复数名词figures，陈述客观事实用一般现在时，be动词用are。 80．考查名词。句意：爱国主义早已深深融入他们的骨血，他们凭借诸多卓越成就，实现了中华民族复兴的理想。many修饰可数名词复数，动词achieve变名词复数achievements，意为“成就”。 81．考查冠词。句意：战略地球物理学家黄大年深耕深地探测技术，助力我国在诸多技术领域走在前列，无论是在地壳之下，还是在高远苍穹之中。a number of是固定短语，意为“许多”，故用a。 82．考查连词。句意：战略地球物理学家黄大年深耕深地探测技术，助力我国在诸多技术领域走在前列，无论是在地壳之下，还是在高远苍穹之中。whether…or…是固定搭配，表“无论……还是……”，故用or。 83．考查副词。句意：核物理学家邓稼先是“两弹一星”元勋之一，他为我国国防事业作出了巨大贡献。此处用副词修饰非谓语动词contributing，形容词significant变副词significantly，意为“显著地”。 84．考查时态和主谓一致。句意：时至今日，他们的爱国事迹与家国深情让他们成为了榜样，尤其是广大青年的榜样。Up to now是现在完成时的标志，主语their patriotic deeds and deep affection为复数，用have made。 85．考查定语从句。句意：黄大年和邓稼先都是我们这个时代的英雄，他们的巨大贡献源于自身的辛勤付出与爱国情怀。此处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是heroes，从句中contributions与先行词是所属关系，用关系代词whose。 86．考查非谓语动词。句意：这份赤诚的情怀传承到我们手中，我们应当坚定地追随他们的脚步，从他们崇高的精神中汲取力量，扛起实现民族复兴的使命。此处为with的复合结构，宾语passion与动词pass是被动关系，用过去分词passed作宾语补足语。 87．考查介词。句意：这份赤诚的情怀传承到我们手中，我们应当坚定地追随他们的脚步，从他们崇高的精神中汲取力量，扛起实现民族复兴的使命。draw inspiration from是固定短语，意为“从……汲取灵感”，故用from。 ( 1 / 2 )学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 2027年高考英语一轮复习能力突破（结构化知识+题型提升练） 专题01 名词 目录 第一部分 必备知识结构化清单 梳理必备的语言知识点，夯实语言基础能力 第二部分 必备能力题型强化练 必备知识与能力提升练，提升语言运用能力 ◇Part 01 必备知识结构化清单 一、名词基本概念 名词是表示人、事物、地点、抽象概念、物质名称的词，是句子主要成分（主语、宾语、表语、定语等）。 二、名词分类 大类 子类 含义 例词 例句 专有名词 / 特指独一无二的人、地点、机构、节日、人名，首字母必须大写 China, Tom, Beijing, Christmas Tom lives in Beijing.（汤姆住在北京。） 普通名词 个体名词（可数名词） 表示单个的人/事物，可直接计数 student, book, tree This is a new book.（这是一本新书。） 集体名词（可数/不可数名词） 表示一群人/一类事物的总称 family, class, team Our class is big.（我们班人数很多。） 物质名词（不可数名词） 表示无法分割、无法直接计数的物质/材料 water, rice, bread, wood I drink water every day.（我每天喝水。） 抽象名词（不可数名词） 表示情感、品质、状态、动作等抽象概念 happiness, time, courage Happiness is important.（快乐很重要。） 注意：集体名词单复数含义不同：强调整体用单数，强调成员用复数。部分名词可可数/不可数转换，含义改变。 例：My family is a big one.（整体，单数） My family are watching TV.（家人，复数） 三、名词单复数变化（高考核心考点） （一）规则变化 单数结尾 变化规则 单数 复数 例句 一般情况 直接加 -s book, pen books, pens There are two pens. s / x / ch / sh 加 -es bus, box, watch buses, boxes, watches Three boxes are on the desk. 辅音字母 + o 多数加 -es tomato, potato tomatoes, potatoes I like tomatoes. 元音字母 + o 直接加 -s radio, zoo radios, zoos Many radios are old. 辅音字母 + y 变 y 为 i，加 -es city, baby cities, babies Babies love toys. f / fe 变 f/fe 为 v，加 -es knife, leaf knives, leaves Leaves turn yellow in autumn. 特例（f/fe 直接加 s）：roof→roofs, belief→beliefs （二）不规则变化（高频必背） 1.单复数同形 deer（鹿）、sheep（绵羊）、fish（鱼）、Chinese（中国人）、Japanese（日本人） 例句：One sheep, two sheep.（一只羊，两只羊。） 2.内部元音变化 man→men woman→women foot→feet tooth→teeth 例句：Two women are doctors.（两位女士是医生。） 3.词尾特殊变化 child→children mouse→mice 例句：The children are playing.（孩子们在玩耍。） （三）特殊考点：不可数名词量化 不可数名词不能直接加 a/an 或变复数，需搭配量词短语： 结构：数词 + 量词 + of + 不可数名词 a cup of tea 一杯茶 → two cups of tea 两杯茶 a piece of bread 一片面包 → three pieces of bread 三片面包 例句：I want two pieces of bread.（我想要两片面包。） 四、名词所有格（表“所属关系”，高考单选/语法填空必考） 1. 's 所有格（主要用于有生命名词） 情况 变化规则 例词 例句 单数名词 词尾加 's Tom's bag 汤姆的包 This is Tom's bag. 不以s结尾的复数名词 词尾加 's children's room 孩子们的房间 It's the children's room. 以s结尾的复数名词 词尾只加 ' students' books 学生们的书 These are students' books. 两人共有 只在最后一个名词加 's Tom and Jack's room（两人共用一间房） Tom and Jack's room is tidy. 两人各自拥有 两个名词都加 's Tom's and Jack's rooms（各自的房间） Tom's and Jack's rooms are big. 2. of 所有格（主要用于无生命名词） 结构：名词 + of + 名词 the door of the room 房间的门 例句：The window of the classroom is clean.（教室的窗户很干净。） 3. 双重所有格（特殊结构：a/an/数词 + 名词 + of + 名词性物主代词/'s所有格） a friend of mine 我的一个朋友 a photo of Tom's 汤姆的一张照片 例句：She is a friend of my sister's.（她是我姐姐的一位朋友。） 五、名词主要句法作用 名词在句中可充当主语、宾语、表语、定语、同位语五大成分。 句子成分 用法说明 例句 主语 放在句首，表动作发出者 Dogs are cute.（狗很可爱。） 宾语 放在动词/介词后 I love music.（我喜欢音乐。） 表语 放在 be 动词/系动词后，说明主语 This is a desk.（这是一张桌子。） 定语 名词修饰另一个名词（作定语常用单数） a school bus 校车 同位语 解释说明前面名词 My sister, Lucy, is a teacher. ▲高频易错点： ①名词作定语一般用单数：shoe shop（鞋店）、book store（书店） 特例：sports meeting（运动会）、clothes shop（服装店）固定用复数 ②抽象名词具体化：抽象名词前加 a/an，表“一件/一种……的人/事” 例：a success 一件成功的事 / 一位成功者 ◇Part 02 必备能力题型强化练 一、阅读理解 1 Sleeping five more minutes, exercising 1.9 more minutes, and eating healthier each day could add a year to your life. This isn’t just wishful thinking — it’s the conclusion of a new study led by researchers from Australia and the UK. “We always think that we need to make massive adjustments,” Nicholas Koemel, who led the study, told the magazine Scientific American. But small changes add up to make something meaningful. For about eight years, the team followed 59,078 people in the UK. All participants provided information about their lifestyles and health, and some wore wristwatches that tracked their sleep and activity levels. Researchers evaluated everyone’s diet using a scoring system ranging from 0 to 100 across 10 categories, with higher scores indicating healthier diets. For example, eating at least three servings of fruit per day earned the maximum 10 points in the fruit category. Based on these data, researchers estimated approximate changes in lifespan using scientific modeling, NBC News reported. The results showed that people who sleep 5.5 hours per night, exercise 7.3 minutes per day and have a diet quality score of 36.9 could theoretically live a year longer with just five additional minutes of sleep, 1.9 minutes of vigorous (剧烈的) or moderate exercise and half an extra serving of vegetables each day. If improving all three areas is too challenging, either 25 extra minutes of sleep per night or an additional 2.3 minutes of exercise per day can also help. Professor Kevin McConway from the Open University in the UK argued that the study didn’t clearly describe its statistical methods. This makes it difficult to determine whether the findings are due to the data itself or the researchers’ choice of analyses. Koemel told NBC News that the message here should not necessarily be that making these small changes is a magic solution. Instead, it’s about taking the first step towards creating sustainable and achievable opportunities for more people. 1．What can we learn from the first two paragraphs? A．People tend to think that big changes are needed to improve health. B．The study on lifestyle was only conducted by Australian researchers. C．Small lifestyle changes have been proven to extend people’s lifespan. D．Nicholas Koemel believes that massive lifestyle adjustments are useless. 2．What can we infer about the diet scoring system from the example of fruit consumption? A．The system only evaluates fruit intake. B．Higher scores in the fruit category mean a healthier overall diet. C．The system sets quantifiable standards for each dietary component. D．Eating less than three servings of fruit per day results in a score of 0. 3．What is Professor Kevin McConway’s attitude towards the new study? A．Indifferent and unconcerned. B．Fully supportive and optimistic. C．Strongly critical and dismissive. D．Doubtful and cautiously reserved. 4．Which of the following is the most suitable title for the passage? A．A New Study on Lifespan and Lifestyle. B．How to Improve Your Lifestyle Effectively. C．The Importance of Sleep, Exercise and Diet. D．Small Lifestyle Changes Can Prolong Your Life. 2 Composition of E-Waste Nowadays, e-waste is one of the world’s fastest-growing waste streams. Waste electronics contain harmful substances like lead and mercury, posing serious environmental and health risks. However, e-waste also represents a valuable “urban mine”. It holds an estimated 31 million tons of metals, 17 million tons of plastics, and 14 million tons of glass. One ton of circuit boards (电路板) can contain up to 800 times more precious metals than a ton of gold-bearing rocks in the natural mines. Despite this, less than 1% of rare earth elements are recycled. Recycled e-waste is a valuable resource for sustainable industries. Its metals, e.g. gold and copper, are reused in electronics, vehicles, and renewable energy systems. Recovered plastics find new life in durable products, while glass is processed into building materials. This circular (循环的) approach cuts energy use, reduces mining demand, supporting both the economy and the environment. The e-waste management market is projected to more than double by 2027. While 81 countries have adopted Extended Producer Responsibility laws, collection rates still fall behind policy goals. To improve recycling, governments should strengthen EPR laws, and invest in facilities. Institutions can promote research and public awareness. Individuals should properly drop off e-waste at collection points, mend items rather than throw them away, and support brands with strong environmental commitments. 5．What percentage do screens and cables account for in all e-waste compositions? A．12%. B．14%. C．17%. D．60%. 6．What is a key advantage of e-waste compared to natural mines? A．It contains more rare elements. B．It provides more recoverable non-metals. C．It can be richer in precious metals. D．It works better as building materials. 7．What is suggested for individuals to help recycle e-waste? A．Invest in formal recycling facilities. B．Launch public awareness campaigns. C．Set clear personal take-back plans. D．Choose repair over replacement. 二、完形填空 Over 30 years ago, I started to build my dream house in a rural town. It was a 8 process, worsened by a demanding career that kept me traveling across Asia and the Pacific. 9 work, parenting, and the house often felt too much for me. One day I walked into a lighting shop. The shopkeeper wasn’t exactly 10 but, as it was the only furniture shop around, she won my 11 . I asked her some questions and received only one-or two-word answers. After 12 some lighting fittings, I was about to leave when she looked me firmly in the eyes and said, “However 13 your life seems, someone always has it far worse.” Then she went into the back of the shop. I was taken aback by her 14 and vividly remember getting into my truck and thinking how 15 and out of line she was. But as I returned home I 16 her words. Then it hit me — she was 17 right. The shopkeeper wasn’t offering those words with kindness but that is 18 . What she said deeply impacted my life. She must have seen something in me that 19 her comment, and it helped me 20 the vital truth: perspective (视角) is everything. I don’t think that woman could have 21 how much I would take her words on board. Years later, I found myself with two types of cancer. Yet I’ve gone through various treatments, and now I feel 22 simply because I can wake up each morning with the opportunity to enjoy my life as it is. 8．A．lonely B．stressful C．gradual D．regular 9．A．Balancing B．Integrating C．Skipping D．Choosing 10．A．silent B．serious C．friendly D．honest 11．A．business B．trust C．admiration D．approval 12．A．replacing B．fixing C．examining D．purchasing 13．A．plain B．fruitless C．tough D．changeable 14．A．strategy B．comment C．complaint D．advice 15．A．rude B．selfish C．strict D．wise 16．A．believed in B．reflected on C．worried about D．benefited from 17．A．absolutely B．slightly C．barely D．temporarily 18．A．evident B．meaningless C．irrelevant D．typical 19．A．indicated B．interrupted C．confirmed D．motivated 20．A．declare B．analyze C．expose D．realize 21．A．forgotten B．imagined C．recorded D．proved 22．A．calm B．surprised C．fortunate D．confused 三、单项选择 23．Man must evolve for all human ________ a method which rejects revenge, aggression, or retaliation. The foundation of such a method is love. A．conflicting B．conflicted C．conflict D．to conflict 24．There are five ________ in the hospital that specialize in children’s diseases. A．woman doctor B．women doctor C．woman doctors D．women doctors 25．Your suggestions are of great _____ to all of us and they are well worth ___________. A．valuable；to offer B．valuable；giving C．value；taking D．value；to follow 26．She has two ________ on the table. A．knife B．knifes C．knives D．knifees 27．It’s about ______ from here to our English teacher’s home. A．twenty-minutes walk B．twenty minute’s walk C．twenty-minute’s walk D．twenty minutes’ walk 28．The new school still needs to purchase ________ to be fully ________. A．many equipments; equipped B．many pieces of equipments; equipping C．much equipment; equipping D．many pieces of equipment; equipped 29．In time, Tang Yin gained ________ as one of the greatest artists China has ever known. A．liberation B．reputation C．expansion D．emission 30．In the after-class activities, the students had plenty of ____ and gained a lot of practical ____. A．exercises; experiences B．practices; experience C．practice; experience D．exercise; experiences 31．After he survived ________ the earthquake, Tom became one of the few ________ of the family and his ________ made his old friends very happy. A．/; survivors; survival B．in; survivors; survival C．from; survivors; survival D．/; survivor; surviving 32．The experiment that he ______ was ______. A．did; successfully B．made; successfully C．carried out; a success D．set out; a success 33．—Did you easily find his house? —Yes. Everyone in this city knew him, so we had his house. A．no difficulties finding B．not trouble in finding C．no difficulty to find D．no difficulty finding 34．Children can grow healthily ________ good ________. A．under; conditions B．in; condition C．on; conditions D．at; condition 35．Vegetables ________ many kinds of vitamins and many other useful materials. So we must eat them ________. A．include; everyday B．contain; everyday C．including; every day D．contain; every day 36．To our _____, the boss wasn’t_____at the_____news at all. A．astonishment; astonish; astonished B．astonishment; astonished; astonishing C．astonish; astonished; astonishing D．astonishment; astonishing; astonished 37．Mobile phone is an effective _______ of communication. A．meaning B．means C．mean D．meant 38．While most of us are only too ready to ________ others the cold wind of ________, we are somehow reluctant to give our fellows the warm sunshine of praise. A．respond to...conflict B．apply to ...criticism C．react to...threat D．reply to...superiority 39．Will it suit your _________ that we meet at 7.00 o'clock this evening? A．satisfaction B．appointment C．delight D．convenience 40．In the picture there are many________ and two________. A．sheep; foxes B．sheeps; fox C．sheeps; foxes D．sheep;foxs 41．As senior three students, we had better follow the ________as much as possible from our teachers and parents; although they are a bit nagging（唠叨）, indeed we are expected to make _________ in all aspects. A．advice; progress B．advices; progress C．advices; progresses D．advice; progresses 42．The winner will receive ________ of books. A．a ten pound worth B．ten pound worthy C．ten pounds' worth D．ten pounds' worthy 43．In a small wooded valley ________ two towns, both set in beautiful ________. A．lies; surrounding B．lie; surroundings C．lay; surrounding D．did lie; surroundings 44．The curious girl looked at the box________ and then she opened it out of __________ . A．curious, curious B．curiously, curiosity C．curiously, curious D．curiosity, curiously 45．The scientist and volunteers are working together to save a species of birds from _____ by replicating its natural habit. A．contact B．infection C．alternative D．extinction 46．The local clubs are making every ______ to interest more young people. A．effect B．effort C．contribution D．exchange 47．—Are all the students from in your class? —No, there are only three   in our class. The others are from other countries. A．Germany; Germen B．Germany; Germans C．German; Germans D．German; Germany 48．—She got her first science fiction published. It turned out to be________. —When was that? —It was in 2008________ she was still in college. A．a success; when B．success; that C．success; when D．a success; that 49．It is bad _______ to talk with your finger ______ at the other person. A．manners, points B．manner, to point C．manners, pointing D．manner, pointed 50．Olympic athletes bring joy to people across the world with their____________ to push the boundaries of human achievement. A．intelligence B．influences C．impression D．attempts 51．Residents in the remote area have _______ about what the disease is all about, not to mention prevention and treatment. A．a little knowledge B．little knowledge C．few knowledges D．a few knowledges 52．—Whose umbrella is it？ —It’s _________. A．somebody else’s B．somebody else C．somebody’s else’s D．Somebody’s else 53．Scientists have sounded a clear note of ________ regarding the technique’s high cost and ethical concerns. A．enthusiasm B．optimism C．indication D．caution 54． the increasingly urgent environmental problems, the government announced a series of new policies aimed at reducing carbon and promoting renewable energy. A．In contrast to; submission B．In favor of; absorption C．In terms of; inspections D．In response to; emissions 55．Courage is not the ________ of fear, but rather the judgement that something else is more important than fear. A．aspect B．credit C．absence D．extinction 56．The saying criticizes any ________ that fails to identify the root cause and ________ ineffective in solving underlying issues. A．recreation; proved B．consequence; is proved C．approach; proves D．commitment; has proven 57．I still remember the ______ where the headmaster awarded me the prize. A．view B．scene C．scenery D．sight 58．As far as I know, the new museum in our city doesn’t charge for , so anyone can visit it for free. A．permission B．admission C．recognition D．consideration 59．Peace talks between Kenya’s president and the opposition over the controversial election are dragging on without any _________. A．resolution B．assignment C．difference D．procedure 60．Faced with the tough challenge, the team members showed great courage and _________, finally achieving their goal. A．reservation B．conservation C．perseverance D．insurance 61．The ancient murals in the Mogao Grottoes stand as a(n) ______ to how the Silk Road brought East and West together thousands of years ago. A．witness B．reaction C．awareness D．solution 62．With the development of artificial intelligence, a growing public _____ has emerged about its potential impact on the job market. A．curiosity B．debate C．fortune D．harmony 63．The ________ of nature toppling trees and flooding streets. A．machinery B．luxury C．might D．mass 64．After the stranger helped her carry her heavy suitcase up the stairs, a warm sense of ________ welled up within her. A．frustration B．gratitude C．curiosity D．confidence 65．She was impatient in the ________ that time was limited, and that every moment lost could not be recovered. A．longing B．knowledge C．misgiving D．mood 66．The story of The Hunchback of Notre-Dame reminds us that a person’s worth lies in their inner beauty and ________, rather than their social status or physical appearance. A．compromise B．integrity C．prejudice D．occupation 67．It is clear that whole world is passing through a social rejuvenation in which a central must be taken by scientists and technologists. A．process B．attention C．measure D．part 68．The idea is that some of the most timely and creative come from locals suffering from environmental dilemmas firsthand. A．responses B．reminder C．appeal D．issues 69．This common attentiveness, especially that moment of silent eye contact, transformed the encounter into a dialogue beyond words, changing my understanding of interspecies . A．recognition B．cooperation C．distance D．connection 70．“What tortured me the most was my children’s ________. I wished they would complain, cry or even go to the neighbours to ask for food,” said Samiya. A．bravery B．innocence C．generosity D．silence 71．Needless to say, needles have always been a part of my life. They have been a physical ________ of how I’ve developed as a person. A．test B．copy C．reminder D．product 72．A number of ________ ruled out that the children misunderstood what they were being asked. A．instructions B．descriptions C．experiments D．assumptions 73．Now, every year when my husband pulls our camper out of the garage, we are filled with a sense of _________, wondering what camping fun and (adventure) we will experience next. A．relief B．duty C．pride D．excitement 74．These gestures sometimes have the power to change the of one’s life. A．course B．reality C．status D．value 75．I sit in my apartment today, loving each of the that share our small space. A．giveaways B．posts C．contributions D．belongings 76．An exemption voucher (免除凭证) will be issued to people who access the city for work, school or medical care, as well as to people born in Venice and ________ of the region. A．students B．workers C．stewards D．residents 77．His trust in me is absolute, which is quite a nice feeling, but at the same time gives me a huge sense of ________. A．relief B．satisfaction C．achievement D．responsibility 四、语法填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式. Patriotism (爱国主义) can be shown not only in the years of war but also in the years of peace. In today’s era, our country still needs patriotism 78 (realize) the Chinese Dream. The well-known figures of patriotism we are familiar with 79 (be) the late scientists Huang Danian and Deng Jiaxian. Patriotism had been rooted deeply in their bones, for they fulfilled their dreams of rejuvenating (复兴) the Chinese nation with many exceptional 80 (achieve). The strategic geophysicist Huang Danian, with his particular expertise in deep earth exploration technology, has helped China take the lead in 81 number of technical fields, whether under the earth’s crust (地壳) 82 in the high sky. The nuclear physicist Deng Jiaxian, one of the founding fathers of the “Two Bombs and One Satellite” project, 83 (significant) contributing to China’s cause of national defense. Up to now, their patriotic deeds and deep affection for the motherland 84 (make) them role models, especially for the young. Both Huang and Deng are heroes of our time, 85 tremendous contributions originate from their hard work and patriotic feelings. With the passion 86 (pass) down to us, we should resolutely follow the path paved by them and draw inspiration 87 their noble spirit, shouldering the mission of realizing national rejuvenation. ( 1 / 2 )学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $