Unit 4能力检测卷 2026-2027学年外研版英语九年级上册

**基本信息** 外研版九年级上册Unit 4能力检测卷，以长征、英雄事迹等人文素材为载体，融合语言能力与文化意识，适配单元复习需求。 **题型特征** |题型|题量/分值|知识覆盖|命题特色| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |完形填空|15/15|动词短语、形容词辨析|长征历史情境，渗透"永不放弃"精神，培养思维品质| |阅读理解|15/30|细节理解、推理判断|共和国勋章获得者等真实人物素材，强化文化意识| |书面表达|1/15|日记格式、活动感受|结合长征胜利纪念活动，提升语言表达与家国情怀|

2026-2027学年外研版英语九年级上册Unit 4能力检测卷 （满分：100分） 一、单项选择(共10小题，每小题1分，共10分) ( ) 1. The in northeast China is cold all year round. People wear thick clothes most of the time. A. grassland B. moment C. landscape D. temperature ( ) 2. The wind is soft and . Everything looks so beautiful. A. balanced B. gentle C. funny D. delicious ( ) 3. The soldier fought for his country. He is a real hero in our hearts. A. bravely B. recently C. simply D. widely ( ) 4. At last, the poor boy was . But people didn’t know the reason of his . A. died; death B. dead; death C. dead; die D. death; dead ( ) 5. I this book to you. It is very interesting and meaningful. A. recommend B. warn C. throw D. spread ( ) 6. Some animals hunger in cold days. It is hard for them to find enough food. A. pick up B. suffer from C. shut off D. fix up ( ) 7. We should learn from his love. We should care more about others. A. strict B. silent C. selfless D. serious ( ) 8. The man _____ was new in this city got a lot of help from the police. A. who B. which C. whose D. where ( ) 9. —During the Paris Olympic Games, the Chinese athletes won a total of 40 gold medals. —They are the role models in this new age _____ we should learn from. A. when B. who C. which D.what ( ) 10. Many great people , but we still remember them. They set good examples for us all. A. gave up B. brought back C. dug into D. passed away 1.D【解析】考查名词辨析。句意：中国东北地区常年温度偏低，人们大部分时间都穿着厚衣服。grassland草原；moment时刻；landscape风景；temperature温度；后半句“People wear thick clothes most of the time.人们大部分时间都穿着厚衣服。”提示前文描述天气冷热，只有temperature符合语境，故选D。 2.B【解析】考查辨析。句意：风轻柔而细腻，一切景象都显得如此美丽。balanced平稳的；gentle轻柔的；funny有趣的；delicious美味的；and 连接并列形容词，和soft柔和的语义呼应，形容风只能用 gentle，故选B。 3.A【解析】考查副词辨析。句意：这名士兵为祖国英勇作战，是我们心中真正的英雄。bravely英勇地；recently近来；simply仅仅；widely普遍地；副词修饰动词“fought战斗”，结合后半句 “英雄” 的语境，bravely 最贴合句意，故选A。 4.B【解析】考查形容词、动词和名词的用法。句意：最后，那个可怜的老人死了。但是人们不知道他死的原因。die死亡，动词；dead死亡的，形容词；death死亡，名词。根据题干第一个空，由系动词was可知系表结构，填形容词dead。第二个空，形容词性物主代词his修饰名词death。故选B。 5.A【解析】考查动词辨析。句意：我向你推荐这本书，它有趣又有意义。recommend推荐；warn提醒；throw扔；spread传播；recommend sth. to sb.向某人推荐某物是固定搭配，后半句夸赞书籍有趣、有意义，结合语境是想把书推荐给对方，只有 recommend 符合句意，故选A。 6.B【解析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：一些动物在寒冷的日子里会遭受饥饿，它们很难找到足够的食物。pick up拿起；suffer from遭受；shut off关闭；fix up安排；后句“It is hard for them to find enough food它们很难找到足够的食物”对应前文挨饿、遭受饥饿，suffer from hunger 为常用搭配，故选B。 7.C【解析】考查形容词辨析。句意：我们应该从他无私的爱中学习，更加关心他人。strict严格的；silent沉默的；selfless无私的；serious严重的；后句“ care more about others多关心他人”对应无私的品格，selfless love 表示“无私的爱”，贴合语境，故选C。 8.A【解析】考查定语从句用法。句意：这个刚到这座城市的人从警察那里得到了很多帮助。who谁；which哪一个；whose谁的；where在哪里。根据句子结构可知，本句是一个定语从句，先行词是“The man”，指人，且在从句中作主语，所以应用关系代词who来引导定语从句。因此，应填who。 9.B【解析】考查定语从句用法。句意：——在巴黎奥运会上，中国运动员共获得40枚金牌。——他们是这个新时代的榜样，我们应该向他们学习。when何时；who谁；which哪一个; what什么。根据“They are the role models in this new age ... we should learn from.”可知，本句是定语从句，先行词是role models，指人，且在从句中作宾语，应用who引导定语从句。故选B。 10.D【解析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：许多伟人离世了，但我们依然铭记他们。他们为我们所有人树立了好榜样。gave up放弃；brought back带回；dug into挖掘；passed away去世；后半句 “we still remember them我们仍记得他们”，结合语境可知这里指伟人已经离世，passed away符合句意，故选D。 二、完形填空(共15小题，每小题1分，共15分) It was more than 80 years ago, when an army quietly passed across the Yudu River in Ganzhou, Jiangxi. They were the Chinese Central Red Army. They decided to start a 11 hard march. It was 12 known as the Long March. This year is the 83rd year of the victory of the famous march. Let's learn something about it. During the Long March, the Chinese Central Red Army passed many places. They 13 from Jiangxi, passed through several provinces and finally arrived in Shaanxi. It is said that they 14 about 25, 000 li（about 12, 500 kilometers）during the Long March. At school, you may have learned in books that soldiers 15 many difficulties. They lived a 16 life and fought against the enemies. They crossed Chishui River for four times, 17 many kinds of difficulties. In Sichuan, soldiers spent a hard time creeping（匍匐前进）across Luding Chain Bridge, which was 18 13 iron chains, in the middle of gunfire. They also climbed 19 the snowy Jiajin Mountain which was 4, 930 meters high. They didn't have enough food to eat, so they often went 20 for days. And they didn't have enough 21 to stay away from the cold. Many soldiers 22 . About 86,000 people took part in the march, 23 only about 7, 000 were left when they arrived in Shaanxi. Today, we can visit the places that they once passed through. This way, we may truly understand the 24 of the Long March: Never be 25 of difficulties and never give up. ( ) 11. A. short B. long C. slow D. quick ( ) 12. A. finally B. gradually C. famously D. probably ( ) 13. A. returned B. studied C. hid D. started ( ) 14. A. drove B. flew C. walked D. rode ( ) 15. A. looked through B. went through C. thought of D. heard of ( ) 16. A. hard B. normal C. boring D. successful ( ) 17. A. remaining B. making C. avoiding D. facing ( ) 18. A. made up of B. made into C. made by D. made for ( ) 19. A. through B. over C. into D. on ( ) 20. A. hungry B. thirsty C. lonely D. angry ( ) 21. A. energy B. money C. matches D. clothes ( ) 22. A. escaped B. died C. cried D. feared ( ) 23. A. though B. because C. so D. but ( ) 24. A. influence B. meaning C. spirit D. result ( ) 25. A. afraid B. shy C. tired D. proud 【主旨大意】 本文介绍了红军长征，战士们在长征中走了大约25000里(约12500公里)，他们在途中遇到了很多困难。我们今天参观他们走过的地方，学习长征精神：永不畏惧困难，永不放弃。 11.B【11题详解】考查形容词辨析。句意：他们决定开始一次长途艰苦的行军。short短的；long长的；slow慢的；quick快的。根据后文的“It was ……known as the Long March.”可知，此处指的是长途的行军，故选B。 12.C【12题详解】考查副词辨析。句意：它被称为著名的长征。finally最后的；gradually逐渐地；famously著名地；probably可能。根据后文的“This year is the 83rd year of the victory of the famous march.”可知，红军长征是著名的，故选C。 13.D【13题详解】考查动词辨析。句意：他们从江西出发，经过好几个省，最后到达陕西。returned回来；studied学习；hid躲藏；started出发。根据“passed through several provinces and finally arrived in Shaanxi.”可知，此处介绍长征是从江西出发，故选D。 14.C【14题详解】考查动词辨析。句意：据说他们在长征中走了大约25000里(约12500公里)。drove开车；flew飞；walked散步，走路；rode骑，乘。根据常识可知，长征是步行，故选C。 15.B【15题详解】考查短语动词辨析。句意：在学校，你可能从书本上学到战士们经历了许多困难。looked through浏览；went through经历；thought of想起；heard of听说。根据宾语“many difficulties”可知，此处表示经历了许多困难，故选B。 16.A【16题详解】考查形容词辨析。句意：他们过着艰苦的生活，同敌人作战。hard努力的，艰苦的；normal正常的；boring无聊的；successful成功的。根据前文的“They decided to start a____11____hard march.”可知，此处指的是艰苦的生活，故选A。 17.D【17题详解】考查动词辨析。句意：他们四次渡过赤水，面临各种困难。 remaining仍然；making制作；avoiding避免；facing面临。根据前文的“They lived a____16____life and fought against the enemies.”可知，他们面临很多困难，故选D。 18.A【18题详解】考查短语动词辨析。句意：在四川，战士们在枪林弹雨中艰难地爬过由13条铁链组成的泸定铁桥。make up of由......组成的；made into制成；made by被......制成；made for为......制作。根据“13 iron chains”可知，此处表示泸定桥是由13条铁链组成的，故选A。 19.B【19题详解】考查介词辨析。句意：他们还爬上了高4930米的大雪覆盖的嘉金山。through表示从中间穿过；over表示从上方越过；into进入；on在......上面。根据“the snowy Jiajin Mountain”可知，此处表示越过大雪山，用介词over，故选B。 20.A【20题详解】考查形容词辨析。句意：他们没有足够的食物吃，所以他们经常挨饿好几天。hungry饥饿的；thirsty渴的；lonely孤独的；angry生气的。根据“They didn't have enough food to eat,”可知，他们没有足够的食物吃，因此挨饿，故选A。 21.D【21题详解】考查名词辨析。句意：他们没有足够的衣服来御寒。energy精力；money金钱；matches比赛；clothes衣服。根据“to stay away from the cold”可知，御寒需要足够的衣服，故选D。 22.B【22题详解】考查动词辨析。句意：许多战士死去了。escaped逃跑；died死；cried哭；feared害怕。根据前文的“They didn't have enough food to eat, so they often went……for days. And they didn't have enough……to stay away from the cold.”可知，许多战士因为没有食物吃，没有衣服御寒，因此死去了，故选B。 23.D【23题详解】考查连词辨析。句意：大约有86000人参加了长征，但当他们到达陕西时，只剩下7000人。though尽管；because因为；so所以；but但是。结合句意，前半句表示长征出发时大约有86000人，后半句表示他们到达陕西时只剩下7000，前后表示转折关系，因此用连词but，故选D。 24.C【24题详解】考查名词辨析。句意：这样，我们才能真正理解长征精神：永不畏惧困难，永不放弃。influence影响；meaning意思；spirit精神；result结果。根据“Never be……of difficulties and never give up.”可知，永不畏惧困难，永不放弃，这是长征的精神，故选C。 25.A【25题详解】考查形容词辨析。句意：这样，我们才能真正理解长征精神：永不畏惧困难，永不放弃。afraid害怕的；shy害羞的；tired疲劳的；proud骄傲的。根据前文的“They crossed Chishui River for four times,____7____many kinds of difficulties.”可知，此处表示不害怕困难，be afraid of“害怕……”，故选A。 三、阅读理解(共15小题，每小题2分，共30分) A Over the past decades (数十年), many people have made great contributions (贡献) to our country’s development, helping it grow through their hard work. Eight people received the Medal of the Republic on October 1st, 2019. They are heroes. Now let’s learn about four of them. Yu Min,1926-2019 Nuclear physicist (核物理学家) On June 17, 1967, China detonated (引爆) its first hydrogen bomb (氢弹). It took only 32 months to go from its first atom bomb (原子弹) to its first hydrogen bomb. As a nuclear physicist, Yu Min played an important role in this process. The theories (理论) and models he created were key to the successful test. Zhang Fuqing, 1924-2022 War veteran Zhang was a soldier in the People’s Liberation Army during the Liberation War. He was twice awarded the title of Combat Hero (战斗英雄). In 1955, he volunteered to work in a remote (偏远的) county in Hubei Province and had helped poor people here ever since. Yuan Longping, 1930-2021 “Father of Hybrid Rice” Yuan devoted himself to agricultural (农业的) education and research. He is the first person in the world to develop a hybrid rice strain (杂交水稻品种). His research on higher rice yields (产量) helps fight hunger in China and other parts of the world. Tu Youyou, 1930 -Scientist Tu is known for winning the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 2015. She got inspiration (灵感) from traditional Chinese medicine theories and discovered artemisinin (青蒿素), a medicine that can be used to treat malaria (疟疾). Her finding has saved the lives of millions. ( ) 21. How does the writer start the text? A. By telling a story. B. By introducing a backboard. C. By listing numbers. D. By asking a question. ( ) 27. When was China’s first atom bomb detonated? A. In December, 1963. B. In January, 1964. C. In October, 1964. D. In November, 1965. ( ) 28. About Zhang Fuqing, which of the following is TRUE? A. He had always been a soldier. B. He was sent to work in a remote county in 1955. C. He became a combat hero twice. D. He has lived abroad for many years. ( ) 29. Why is Yuan Longping known as the “Father of Hybrid Rice”? A. Because he is the father of hybrid rice. B. Because he developed a hybrid rice strain. C. Because he bought the hybrid rice. D. Because he is good at discovering new plants. ( ) 30. What is the writer’s main purpose of writing this passage? A. To explain reasons why they want to do that. B. To encourage people to be heroes like them. C. To make people remember them forever and learn from them. D. To help us record these people’s life. 【主旨大意】 本文是一篇说明文，介绍了四位为国家发展做出重大贡献的英雄人物及其事迹。 26.B【26题详解】根据“Over the past decades (数十年), many people have made great contributions to our country’s development, helping it grow through their hard work.”可知，作者是采用了介绍一个背景来开篇的，故选B。 27.C【27题详解】由“Yu Min,1926-2019 Nuclear physicist (核物理学家)”一栏中的“On June 17, 1967, China detonated its first hydrogen bomb. It took only 32 months to go from its first atom bomb to its first hydrogen bomb.”可知，1967年6月往前推32个月，是1964年10月，也就是中国第一颗原子弹引爆的时间。 27.8【28题详解】由“Zhang Fuqing, 1924-2022 War veteran”一栏中的“He was twice awarded the title of Combat Hero.”可知，张富清两次被授予战斗英雄称号。 29.B【29题详解】由“Yuan Longping, 1930-2021 ‘Father of Hybrid Rice’”一栏中的“He is the first person in the world to develop a hybrid rice strain.”可知，袁隆平被称为“杂交水稻之父”是因为他培育出了杂交水稻品种。 30.C【30题详解】全文介绍了多位英雄的贡献，作者的主要目的是让人们记住他们并向他们学习。 B Over 2,300 students and teachers from two schools in Guyuan, Ningxia, spent about 16 hours hiking to show respect for the martyrs (烈士). They began the trip at 4:30 am on April 1st. They hiked 27 kilometers from their schools to the Renshanhe Martyrs Cemetery (墓园). “It was still dark for the first half of the trip. And walking along the mountain roads was difficult. However, none of us gave up. When the girls had trouble climbing up the mountains, the boys helped,” said Zhang Yuxin, a student from No. 2 Middle School. And as police officers and doctors followed the team all the time, there was no need to worry about their safety. Wang Kaixin was from Hongwen Middle School. His feet began to hurt halfway. But when a parent volunteer asked him to get in his car, he said no. “I felt like if I couldn’t walk to the place on my own this time, I might run away from difficulties in my life. So I had to keep going,” he said. During the trip, the students held up red flags and sang old songs loudly. The team finally arrived at around 11:00 am. Then they swept the tombs (扫墓) for the martyrs there. After that, the students returned to Guyuan on foot. In fact, hiking was nothing new for the two schools. “We have been doing this every year since 1995,” said Mian Youlu, a teacher from No. 2 Middle School. “The students can have unforgettable memories and strengthen (增强) their bodies and minds by doing this.” ( ) 31. How far is the cemetery from the schools? A. 11 km. B. 16 km. C. 27 km. D.30 km. ( ) 32. What did police officers and doctors do on the trip? A. To help sweep the tombs. B. To help the students carry things. C. To keep the students safe. D. To look after the old teachers. ( ) 33. What do we know about Wang Kaixin? A. He is a boy with a strong will. B. He doesn’t like traveling by car. C. His parents went with him. D. He is a good runner. ( ) 34. What can we learn from the last paragraph? A. The meaning of the activity. B. The history of the two schools. C. The stories of the martyrs. D. The methods of the activity. ( ) 35. What’s the structure of the passage? A. ①/②③④⑤ B. ①②③④/⑤ C. ①/②③④/⑤ D. ①②/③④/⑤ 【主旨大意】 本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了宁夏固原两所学校的2300多名师生徒步约16小时前往烈士墓园扫墓，以表达对烈士的敬意，文章描述了徒步过程、学生的表现以及活动的意义。 31.C【31题详解】第二段明确提到“They hiked 27 kilometers from their schools to the Renshanhe Martyrs Cemetery (墓园).”，这直接说明墓园距离学校27公里。 32.C【32题详解】第二段提到“And as police officers and doctors followed the team all the time, there was no need to worry about their safety.”，说明警察和医生在旅途中一直跟随队伍是为了保障学生的安全。 33.A【33题详解】第三段提到“Wang Kaixin was from Hongwen Middle School. His feet began to hurt halfway. But when a parent volunteer asked him to get in his car, he said no.”，说明王凯欣在脚受伤的情况下拒绝乘车，坚持徒步，体现了他坚强的意志。 34.A【34题详解】最后一段提到“The students can have unforgettable memories and strengthen (增强) their bodies and minds by doing this.”，说明活动可以让学生拥有难忘的记忆，增强身心，这是活动的意义。 35.C【35题详解】文章第一段总述了师生徒步去扫墓这一事件，第二、三、四段详细描述了徒步的过程和学生的表现，第五段总结了活动的意义和历史，因此结构为总-分-总，即①/②③④/⑤。 C Peng Shilu was born in a family of heroes in Haifeng, Guangdong in 1925. When he was less than five years old, his parents died. The young boy was taken care of and protected by the poor, and he moved between different families and lived a difficult life. The people’s kindness influenced him deeply at his early age. In 1940, Peng Shilu was taken to Chongqing. Later, with the help of the CPC (中国共产党), he went to study in Yan’an. ⑴ In 1951, he went abroad to learn chemical engineering. He completed his studies with an excellent grade. In 1956, Peng Shilu was asked, “Are you willing to change your research field?” “Of course, as long as the motherland has a need!” With the strong belief (信念), Peng Shilu began to study nuclear power (核能)at once. In the early 1960s, China’s development of nuclear submarines (核潜艇) was almost a “blank”. Peng Shilu and other scientists were learning, exploring and practicing. ⑵ In 1974, China became the fifth country in the world to have a nuclear submarine. Peng Shilu worked very hard. He spent all his life on nuclear power. “I have only done two things in my life: One is to build nuclear submarines and the other is to build nuclear power stations,” said Peng Shilu. He died on March 22, 2021, at the age of 96. ⑶ As a pioneer in nuclear power, he is remembered by the people and the country. On March 3, 2022, he was named “Touching China’s Figure of the Year 2021”. ⑷ ( ) 36. What influenced Peng Shilu deeply at his early age? A. The scientists’ spirit. B. The people’s kindness. C. The teachers’ words. D. His family live. ( ) 37. Why did Peng Shilu change his research field? A. Because the field was easier. B. Because he wanted to be famous. C. Because the motherland had a need. D. Because he wants to use his hobby. ( ) 38. Which of the following best describes Peng Shilu? A. Honest and polite. B. Humorous and strict. C. Hard-working and selfless. D. Tall and handsome. ( ) 39.Where can we put the sentence “In 1970, China’s first nuclear submarine was built.” in ? A.⑴ B.⑵ C.⑶ D.⑷ ( ) 40. What’s the best title for the passage? A. A Pioneer in Nuclear Power B. A Suggestion for Further Study C. A Study on the History of the CPC D. A Song for the Motherland 【主旨大意】 本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了“核动力先驱”彭士禄的生平事迹，包括他早年的成长经历、响应国家号召转换研究方向、毕生投身核潜艇与核电站建设，以及他被授予“感动中国2021年度人物”的荣誉。 36.B【36题详解】文章第一段明确指出：“The people’s kindness influenced him deeply at his early age.”，这是原文直接信息，因此答案为“The people’s kindness”。 37.C【37题详解】文章第四段直接引用彭士禄的回答：“Of course, as long as the motherland has a need!”，这直接说明他转换研究领域的原因是“祖国有需要”。 38.C【38题详解】文章第五段描述他“worked very hard”，并“spent all his life on nuclear power”，同时他为了国家需要改变研究方向，将毕生精力奉献给国家核事业，这些行为体现出他“勤奋且无私”的品质，因此“Hard-working and selfless”最能描述他。 39.B【39题详解】In 1970, China’s first nuclear submarine was built.意为：1970年，中国首艘核潜艇下水。与下文In 1974, China became the fifth country in the world to have a nuclear submarine.相衔接。 40.A【40题详解】全文围绕彭士禄作为核动力领域的先驱，为中国核潜艇和核电站建设作出的巨大贡献展开，文章最后一段也明确提到：“As a pioneer in nuclear power, he is remembered by the people and the country.”，因此“A Pioneer in Nuclear Power”最适合作为文章标题。 四、任务型阅读(共10小题，每小题1分，共10分) Pang Zhongwang was given the 2025 Student of the Year Award on the evening of December 31, 2025. His story is powerful, touching the hearts of many young people across China. Pang came from a very poor family in the countryside of Hebei Province. His life was full of challenges: his father had mental health problems, and his mother was unable to walk because of a serious disease. What was worse, Pang himself was born with a serious heart disease. Facing all these difficulties, he never gave up. From a very young age, he learned to balance schoolwork with caring for his parents. During middle school, he even collected plastic bottles and old newspapers to support his family. His continuous hard work finally worked. In 2017, he got the highest science score in Cangzhou and succeeded in entering Tsinghua University. There, he worked even harder. In his research, he has made important progress in developing better machines. His findings have come out in leading optics (光学) magazines. He has also used his knowledge to help several optics companies in Changchun work out technical problems. Besides hard work, Pang never forgot where he came from. He joined a volunteer teaching program and returned to his hometown to share knowledge with local students. Pang’s journey shows that with strong will and a sense of responsibility, one can overcome almost any difficulty and make their dreams come true. What makes his story even more inspiring is his change from receiving help to actively helping others. Today, Pang is not only a promising researcher but also a source of motivation (激励) for many students facing their difficulties. Pang Zhongwang has become a true role model, proving that education and kindness can light the way forward. Introduction Pang Zhongwang 41 the 2025 Student of the Year Award on the evening of December 31, 2025. Family background & Personal Challenges ● His life was full of challenges: his father had mental health problems, and his mother couldn’t walk 42 she had a serious disease. ● From a very young age, he kept a 43 between schoolwork and caring for his parents. ● During middle school, he supported his family by 44 plastic bottles and old newspapers. Educational Path & Scientific 45 ● In 2017, he got the highest science score in Cangzhou and entered Tsinghua University 46 . ● In his research, he has made important progress in developing 47 machines. ● He published his findings in leading optics journals and has helped to 48 technical problems. Social Contribution & Role Model Power ● One can overcome almost any difficulty and make their dreams come true if they 49 strong will and a sense of responsibility, ● Pang is a promising researcher, and he also motivates many students who are having 50 . 【主旨大意】 本文主要讲述了庞众望的励志故事，包括他获得 2025 年度学生奖，家庭背景与个人面临的挑战，教育历程与科学成就，以及他的社会贡献和榜样力量。 41. received 【41题详解】根据“Pang Zhongwang, was given the 2025 Student of the Year Award on the evening of December 31, 2025.”可知，庞众望在 2025 年 12 月 31 日晚上被授予 2025 年度学生奖。“被授予”用被动语态“was given”，这里填动词“receive（收到）”的过去分词形式“received”也可表达此意，故填received。 42. because【42题详解】根据“his mother was unable to walk because of a serious disease.”可知，他母亲因为重病不能走路，“because of”表示原因，这里用“because”引导原因状语从句，故填because。 43. balance【43题详解】根据“From a very young age, he learned to balance schoolwork with caring for his parents.”可知，从很小的时候起，他就学会了在学习和照顾父母之间保持平衡。“保持平衡”是“keep a balance”，故填balance。 44. collecting【44题详解】根据“During middle school, he even collected plastic bottles and old newspapers to support his family.”可知，中学期间，他甚至收集塑料瓶和旧报纸来养家。“收集”是“collect”，“by”是介词，后接动词 -ing 形式，故填collecting。 45. achievements【45题详解】根据后面内容可知此部分主要讲他的教育历程和科学成就，“成就”是“achievement”，这里用复数形式，故填achievements。 46. successfully【46题详解】根据“In 2017, he got the highest science score in Cangzhou and succeeded in entering Tsinghua University.”可知，2017 年，他获得了沧州理科最高分，并成功考入清华大学。“成功地”是“successfully”，修饰动词“entered”，故填successfully。 47. better【47题详解】根据“In his research, he has made important progress in developing better machines.”可知，在他的研究中，他在开发更好的机器方面取得了重要进展。“更好的”是“better”，修饰名词“machines”，故填better。 48. solve【48题详解】根据“He has also used his knowledge to help several optics companies in Changchun work out technical problems.”可知，他还利用自己的知识帮助长春的几家光学公司解决技术问题。“解决”是“solve”，“help to do sth.”表示“帮助做某事”，故填solve。 49. have【49题详解】根据“Pang’s journey shows that with strong will and a sense of responsibility, one can overcome almost any difficulty and make their dreams come true.”可知，庞众望的经历表明，只要有坚强的意志和责任感，一个人几乎可以克服任何困难，实现自己的梦想。“有”是“have”，主语是“they”，用动词原形，故填have。 50. difficulties【50题详解】根据“Today, Pang is not only a promising researcher but also a source of motivation (激励) for many students facing their difficulties.”可知，如今，庞众望不仅是一位有前途的研究人员，也是许多面临困难的学生的一股激励力量。“面临困难”是“have difficulties”，故填difficulties。 五、词语运用(共10小题，每小题1分，共10分) A)根据首字母提示，填写单词 51. Plants grow well in rich s . 52. We hope the world will be free from w , and children can grow up safely. 53. There are c stars in the sky. 54. He is the p of our country. He makes our country stronger. 55. He walked quietly so no one could hear his f . 51. soil 52. war 53. countless 54. president 55. footsteps B)根据汉语意思，完成下列句子。 56. 他是一名从不畏惧危险的无畏战士。 He is a who never fears danger. 57. 冬天中国东北经常下大雪。 It often snows heavily in winter. 58. 真遗憾你没看那场演出。 you didn't see the show. 59. 一些英雄为保护他人牺牲了自己的生命。 Some heroes to protect others. 60. 这部电影改编自一本名著。 The movie a famous book. 56. fearless soldier 57. in northeast China 58. It's a pity that 59. give up their lives 60. is based on 六、短文填空(共10空，每空1分，共10分) 阅读短文，从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使短文通顺、意思完整。每空限填一词，每词限用一次。 against he easy find poem national decide deep although love Yue Fei was a famous general who lived during the Southern Song Dynasty, about 900 years ago. He is remembered as one of China’s greatest 61 heroes. He was born into a poor family in Henan Province. When he was young, the northern part of China was invaded (侵略) by the Jin army. Yue Fei 62 to join the army to protect his country. To encourage him, his mother tattooed (刺在……上) four Chinese characters on his back. They were “Jing Zhong Bao Guo”, which means “serving the country with total loyalty”. These words became the guiding lines of 63 life. As a general, Yue Fei was brave, strict, and very smart. He led his army, known as the “Yue Family Army”, to win many important battles 64 the Jin. His soldiers were famous for their discipline and strength. People even said, “It is 65 to shake a mountain than to shake the Yue Family Army.” He was not only a great fighter but also cared 66 for common people and his soldiers. Yue Fei was also a good learner and wrote powerful 67 . His most famous poem, Manjianghong (The River All Red), expresses his strong 68 for his country and his determination to recover the lost land. 69 Yue Fei died unfairly, his spirit lived on. He became a lasting symbol of loyalty, courage, and selfless love for one’s homeland. Today, statues of Yue Fei can be 70 in many places. His story continues to teach people about the true meaning of patriotism (爱国主义) and sacrifice. 【主旨大意】 本文介绍了南宋著名将领岳飞的生平事迹、军事成就以及爱国精神。 61. national 【61题详解】句意：他被铭记为中国最伟大的民族英雄之一。“one of China’s greatest ____ heroes”表示“中国最伟大的民族英雄之一”，需选nation表示“国家”，其形容词形式为national，意为“民族的”。 62. decided【62题详解】句意：岳飞决定参军保卫国家。“Yue Fei ____ to join the army”中，描述过去发生的事情需用一般过去时，需选decide表示“决定”，其过去式为decided。 63. his【63题详解】句意：这些话成为他生活的指导方针。“of ____ life”表示“他的生活”，需选he表示“他”，修饰名词life需用形容词性物主代词，he的形容词性物主代词为his，意为“他的”。 64. against【64题详解】句意：他率领岳家军赢得了许多对抗金军的重要战役。“win many important battles ____ the Jin”表示“赢得对抗金军的重要战役”，需选against表示“对抗”，为介词。 65. easier【65题详解】句意：人们甚至说：“动摇一座山比动摇岳家军更容易。” 在“It is ____ to shake a mountain than to shake the Yue Family Army”中，than是比较级的标志，需选easy表示“容易的”，其比较级为easier，意为“更容易的”。 66. deeply 【66题详解】句意：他不仅是一位伟大的战士，而且深切关心普通百姓和他的士兵。“cared ____ for common people”表示“深切关心普通百姓”，需用副词修饰动词cared，需选deep表示“深的”，其副词形式为deeply，意为“深切地”。 67. poems【67题详解】句意：岳飞也是一位好学者，写下了有力的诗篇。“wrote powerful ____”表示“写下了有力的诗篇”，需选poem表示“诗”，根据语境需用复数形式，poem的复数为poems。 68. love【68题详解】句意：他最著名的词作《满江红》，抒发了他对祖国深沉的热爱，以及收复失地的坚定决心。“his strong ____ for his country”表示“他对国家的强烈热爱”，需选love表示“热爱”，为名词。 69. Although【69题详解】句意：虽然岳飞死得不公平，但他的精神永存。“____ Yue Fei died unfairly, his spirit lived on”中，前后分句为让步关系，需选although表示“虽然”，位于句首首字母需大写，故填Although。 70. found【70题详解】句意：今天，在许多地方可以找到岳飞的雕像。“statues of Yue Fei can be ____ in many places”中，can be后需用过去分词构成被动语态，需选find表示“找到”，其过去分词为found。 七、书面表达(共15分) 你的学校近期开展了纪念红军长征胜利90周年系列活动,（series of activities for the 90th anniversary of the Long March Victory）在活动中了解长征历史、长征意义、长征精神,你感触颇深。请你写一则日记，记录你所参加的活动，并谈谈你的感受。 注意事项： (1)语句通顺，意思连贯，语法正确，格式正确，书写规范； (2)文中不得出现真实人名、校名或地名； (3)词数80词左右。 ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ April 10th, Friday Sunny Our school held activities for the 90th anniversary of the Long March Victory. We watched videos and learned the history of the Long March. The soldiers were so brave that they overcame many difficulties. The Long March spirit teaches us to be strong and never give up. I will study hard and face difficulties bravely. I hope I can keep the spirit in my heart forever. 【详解】[第一步：审题立意] 确定文体：日记，结合一般过去时（讲述学校开展的长征胜利90周年系列活动的过往经历、活动过程）+一般现在时（发表参加活动的感触、对长征历史、意义及精神的感悟）。 明确要点：点明纪念红军长征胜利90周年的活动意义、讲述自己参加的系列活动、描述活动的具体过程、抒发参加活动的内心感受、升华对长征精神的感悟，体现活动带来的收获。 确定人称：第一人称（I/my），以自己的视角记录活动经历、抒发真实感触，贴合日记的叙事特点，增强真实性和代入感。 注意事项：词数80词左右；不得透露真实姓名、校名、地名等个人及相关信息；紧扣“纪念红军长征胜利90周年”主题，贴合学生参加校园活动的亲身经历，符合日记格式要求，语句通顺、语法正确。 [第二步：构思布局] 三段式结构： 开头段：开篇点题，点明学校近期开展了纪念红军长征胜利90周年系列活动，表达自己参加活动的整体感受，自然引出下文对活动过程的详细记录。 主体段：详细讲述自己参加的长征纪念系列活动，交代活动的时间、具体内容，描述活动过程中的自身状态与内心感受，贴合日记的记录特点。 结尾段：总结参加活动的感悟，升华主题，表达对长征精神的理解与传承意愿，呼应开头的活动感受，让日记内容完整闭环，符合题目要求。 [第三步：要点展开] 要点一：开篇点明主题 主旨引入：Today, our school held a series of activities for the 90th anniversary of the Long March Victory./Taking part in these activities made me deeply touched and full of respect for the Red Army./Recently, our school organized activities to remember the 90th anniversary of the Long March Victory./Through these activities, I learned a lot and had a lot of feelings. 要点二：讲述活动亲身经历 活动选择：attend a Long March history lecture/watch a Long March documentary/join a Long March story-sharing meeting 时间交代：today/this week/last Monday/this afternoon 过程描写：listened carefully to the teacher’s introduction about the Long March history, watched touching scenes of the Red Army’s struggle, took notes about the Long March spirit./listened to the Red Army’s stories told by the teacher, shared my understanding of the Long March with classmates, discussed the meaning of the Long March together. 状态感受：Though I was deeply moved by the stories, I felt proud of the Red Army./Though the activities were simple, I felt meaningful and gained a lot. 要点三：升华感悟与表达心声 个人感悟：I realize that the Long March spirit is precious—it teaches us to be brave and never give up./The Long March teaches me the importance of perseverance and unity. 心声表达：We should remember the Long March history and inherit the Long March spirit./I will keep the Long March spirit in mind and study hard to make our country stronger. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 2026-2027学年外研版英语九年级上册Unit 4能力检测卷 （满分：100分） 一、单项选择(共10小题，每小题1分，共10分) ( ) 1. The in northeast China is cold all year round. People wear thick clothes most of the time. A. grassland B. moment C. landscape D. temperature ( ) 2. The wind is soft and . Everything looks so beautiful. A. balanced B. gentle C. funny D. delicious ( ) 3. The soldier fought for his country. He is a real hero in our hearts. A. bravely B. recently C. simply D. widely ( ) 4. At last, the poor boy was . But people didn’t know the reason of his . A. died; death B. dead; death C. dead; die D. death; dead ( ) 5. I this book to you. It is very interesting and meaningful. A. recommend B. warn C. throw D. spread ( ) 6. Some animals hunger in cold days. It is hard for them to find enough food. A. pick up B. suffer from C. shut off D. fix up ( ) 7. We should learn from his love. We should care more about others. A. strict B. silent C. selfless D. serious ( ) 8. The man _____ was new in this city got a lot of help from the police. A. who B. which C. whose D. where ( ) 9. —During the Paris Olympic Games, the Chinese athletes won a total of 40 gold medals. —They are the role models in this new age _____ we should learn from. A. when B. who C. which D.what ( ) 10. Many great people , but we still remember them. They set good examples for us all. A. gave up B. brought back C. dug into D. passed away 二、完形填空(共15小题，每小题1分，共15分) It was more than 80 years ago, when an army quietly passed across the Yudu River in Ganzhou, Jiangxi. They were the Chinese Central Red Army. They decided to start a 11 hard march. It was 12 known as the Long March. This year is the 83rd year of the victory of the famous march. Let's learn something about it. During the Long March, the Chinese Central Red Army passed many places. They 13 from Jiangxi, passed through several provinces and finally arrived in Shaanxi. It is said that they 14 about 25, 000 li（about 12, 500 kilometers）during the Long March. At school, you may have learned in books that soldiers 15 many difficulties. They lived a 16 life and fought against the enemies. They crossed Chishui River for four times, 17 many kinds of difficulties. In Sichuan, soldiers spent a hard time creeping（匍匐前进）across Luding Chain Bridge, which was 18 13 iron chains, in the middle of gunfire. They also climbed 19 the snowy Jiajin Mountain which was 4, 930 meters high. They didn't have enough food to eat, so they often went 20 for days. And they didn't have enough 21 to stay away from the cold. Many soldiers 22 . About 86,000 people took part in the march, 23 only about 7, 000 were left when they arrived in Shaanxi. Today, we can visit the places that they once passed through. This way, we may truly understand the 24 of the Long March: Never be 25 of difficulties and never give up. ( ) 11. A. short B. long C. slow D. quick ( ) 12. A. finally B. gradually C. famously D. probably ( ) 13. A. returned B. studied C. hid D. started ( ) 14. A. drove B. flew C. walked D. rode ( ) 15. A. looked through B. went through C. thought of D. heard of ( ) 16. A. hard B. normal C. boring D. successful ( ) 17. A. remaining B. making C. avoiding D. facing ( ) 18. A. made up of B. made into C. made by D. made for ( ) 19. A. through B. over C. into D. on ( ) 20. A. hungry B. thirsty C. lonely D. angry ( ) 21. A. energy B. money C. matches D. clothes ( ) 22. A. escaped B. died C. cried D. feared ( ) 23. A. though B. because C. so D. but ( ) 24. A. influence B. meaning C. spirit D. result ( ) 25. A. afraid B. shy C. tired D. proud 三、阅读理解(共15小题，每小题2分，共30分) A Over the past decades (数十年), many people have made great contributions (贡献) to our country’s development, helping it grow through their hard work. Eight people received the Medal of the Republic on October 1st, 2019. They are heroes. Now let’s learn about four of them. Yu Min,1926-2019 Nuclear physicist (核物理学家) On June 17, 1967, China detonated (引爆) its first hydrogen bomb (氢弹). It took only 32 months to go from its first atom bomb (原子弹) to its first hydrogen bomb. As a nuclear physicist, Yu Min played an important role in this process. The theories (理论) and models he created were key to the successful test. Zhang Fuqing, 1924-2022 War veteran Zhang was a soldier in the People’s Liberation Army during the Liberation War. He was twice awarded the title of Combat Hero (战斗英雄). In 1955, he volunteered to work in a remote (偏远的) county in Hubei Province and had helped poor people here ever since. Yuan Longping, 1930-2021 “Father of Hybrid Rice” Yuan devoted himself to agricultural (农业的) education and research. He is the first person in the world to develop a hybrid rice strain (杂交水稻品种). His research on higher rice yields (产量) helps fight hunger in China and other parts of the world. Tu Youyou, 1930 -Scientist Tu is known for winning the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 2015. She got inspiration (灵感) from traditional Chinese medicine theories and discovered artemisinin (青蒿素), a medicine that can be used to treat malaria (疟疾). Her finding has saved the lives of millions. ( ) 21. How does the writer start the text? A. By telling a story. B. By introducing a backboard. C. By listing numbers. D. By asking a question. ( ) 27. When was China’s first atom bomb detonated? A. In December, 1963. B. In January, 1964. C. In October, 1964. D. In November, 1965. ( ) 28. About Zhang Fuqing, which of the following is TRUE? A. He had always been a soldier. B. He was sent to work in a remote county in 1955. C. He became a combat hero twice. D. He has lived abroad for many years. ( ) 29. Why is Yuan Longping known as the “Father of Hybrid Rice”? A. Because he is the father of hybrid rice. B. Because he developed a hybrid rice strain. C. Because he bought the hybrid rice. D. Because he is good at discovering new plants. ( ) 30. What is the writer’s main purpose of writing this passage? A. To explain reasons why they want to do that. B. To encourage people to be heroes like them. C. To make people remember them forever and learn from them. D. To help us record these people’s life. B Over 2,300 students and teachers from two schools in Guyuan, Ningxia, spent about 16 hours hiking to show respect for the martyrs (烈士). They began the trip at 4:30 am on April 1st. They hiked 27 kilometers from their schools to the Renshanhe Martyrs Cemetery (墓园). “It was still dark for the first half of the trip. And walking along the mountain roads was difficult. However, none of us gave up. When the girls had trouble climbing up the mountains, the boys helped,” said Zhang Yuxin, a student from No. 2 Middle School. And as police officers and doctors followed the team all the time, there was no need to worry about their safety. Wang Kaixin was from Hongwen Middle School. His feet began to hurt halfway. But when a parent volunteer asked him to get in his car, he said no. “I felt like if I couldn’t walk to the place on my own this time, I might run away from difficulties in my life. So I had to keep going,” he said. During the trip, the students held up red flags and sang old songs loudly. The team finally arrived at around 11:00 am. Then they swept the tombs (扫墓) for the martyrs there. After that, the students returned to Guyuan on foot. In fact, hiking was nothing new for the two schools. “We have been doing this every year since 1995,” said Mian Youlu, a teacher from No. 2 Middle School. “The students can have unforgettable memories and strengthen (增强) their bodies and minds by doing this.” ( ) 31. How far is the cemetery from the schools? A. 11 km. B. 16 km. C. 27 km. D.30 km. ( ) 32. What did police officers and doctors do on the trip? A. To help sweep the tombs. B. To help the students carry things. C. To keep the students safe. D. To look after the old teachers. ( ) 33. What do we know about Wang Kaixin? A. He is a boy with a strong will. B. He doesn’t like traveling by car. C. His parents went with him. D. He is a good runner. ( ) 34. What can we learn from the last paragraph? A. The meaning of the activity. B. The history of the two schools. C. The stories of the martyrs. D. The methods of the activity. ( ) 35. What’s the structure of the passage? A. ①/②③④⑤ B. ①②③④/⑤ C. ①/②③④/⑤ D. ①②/③④/⑤ C Peng Shilu was born in a family of heroes in Haifeng, Guangdong in 1925. When he was less than five years old, his parents died. The young boy was taken care of and protected by the poor, and he moved between different families and lived a difficult life. The people’s kindness influenced him deeply at his early age. In 1940, Peng Shilu was taken to Chongqing. Later, with the help of the CPC (中国共产党), he went to study in Yan’an. ⑴ In 1951, he went abroad to learn chemical engineering. He completed his studies with an excellent grade. In 1956, Peng Shilu was asked, “Are you willing to change your research field?” “Of course, as long as the motherland has a need!” With the strong belief (信念), Peng Shilu began to study nuclear power (核能)at once. In the early 1960s, China’s development of nuclear submarines (核潜艇) was almost a “blank”. Peng Shilu and other scientists were learning, exploring and practicing. ⑵ In 1974, China became the fifth country in the world to have a nuclear submarine. Peng Shilu worked very hard. He spent all his life on nuclear power. “I have only done two things in my life: One is to build nuclear submarines and the other is to build nuclear power stations,” said Peng Shilu. He died on March 22, 2021, at the age of 96. ⑶ As a pioneer in nuclear power, he is remembered by the people and the country. On March 3, 2022, he was named “Touching China’s Figure of the Year 2021”. ⑷ ( ) 36. What influenced Peng Shilu deeply at his early age? A. The scientists’ spirit. B. The people’s kindness. C. The teachers’ words. D. His family live. ( ) 37. Why did Peng Shilu change his research field? A. Because the field was easier. B. Because he wanted to be famous. C. Because the motherland had a need. D. Because he wants to use his hobby. ( ) 38. Which of the following best describes Peng Shilu? A. Honest and polite. B. Humorous and strict. C. Hard-working and selfless. D. Tall and handsome. ( ) 39.Where can we put the sentence “In 1970, China’s first nuclear submarine was built.” in ? A.⑴ B.⑵ C.⑶ D.⑷ ( ) 40. What’s the best title for the passage? A. A Pioneer in Nuclear Power B. A Suggestion for Further Study C. A Study on the History of the CPC D. A Song for the Motherland 四、任务型阅读(共10小题，每小题1分，共10分) Pang Zhongwang was given the 2025 Student of the Year Award on the evening of December 31, 2025. His story is powerful, touching the hearts of many young people across China. Pang came from a very poor family in the countryside of Hebei Province. His life was full of challenges: his father had mental health problems, and his mother was unable to walk because of a serious disease. What was worse, Pang himself was born with a serious heart disease. Facing all these difficulties, he never gave up. From a very young age, he learned to balance schoolwork with caring for his parents. During middle school, he even collected plastic bottles and old newspapers to support his family. His continuous hard work finally worked. In 2017, he got the highest science score in Cangzhou and succeeded in entering Tsinghua University. There, he worked even harder. In his research, he has made important progress in developing better machines. His findings have come out in leading optics (光学) magazines. He has also used his knowledge to help several optics companies in Changchun work out technical problems. Besides hard work, Pang never forgot where he came from. He joined a volunteer teaching program and returned to his hometown to share knowledge with local students. Pang’s journey shows that with strong will and a sense of responsibility, one can overcome almost any difficulty and make their dreams come true. What makes his story even more inspiring is his change from receiving help to actively helping others. Today, Pang is not only a promising researcher but also a source of motivation (激励) for many students facing their difficulties. Pang Zhongwang has become a true role model, proving that education and kindness can light the way forward. Introduction Pang Zhongwang 41 the 2025 Student of the Year Award on the evening of December 31, 2025. Family background & Personal Challenges ● His life was full of challenges: his father had mental health problems, and his mother couldn’t walk 42 she had a serious disease. ● From a very young age, he kept a 43 between schoolwork and caring for his parents. ● During middle school, he supported his family by 44 plastic bottles and old newspapers. Educational Path & Scientific 45 ● In 2017, he got the highest science score in Cangzhou and entered Tsinghua University 46 . ● In his research, he has made important progress in developing 47 machines. ● He published his findings in leading optics journals and has helped to 48 technical problems. Social Contribution & Role Model Power ● One can overcome almost any difficulty and make their dreams come true if they 49 strong will and a sense of responsibility, ● Pang is a promising researcher, and he also motivates many students who are having 50 . 五、词语运用(共10小题，每小题1分，共10分) A)根据首字母提示，填写单词 51. Plants grow well in rich s . 52. We hope the world will be free from w , and children can grow up safely. 53. There are c stars in the sky. 54. He is the p of our country. He makes our country stronger. 55. He walked quietly so no one could hear his f . B)根据汉语意思，完成下列句子。 56. 他是一名从不畏惧危险的无畏战士。 He is a who never fears danger. 57. 冬天中国东北经常下大雪。 It often snows heavily in winter. 58. 真遗憾你没看那场演出。 you didn't see the show. 59. 一些英雄为保护他人牺牲了自己的生命。 Some heroes to protect others. 60. 这部电影改编自一本名著。 The movie a famous book. 六、短文填空(共10空，每空1分，共10分) 阅读短文，从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使短文通顺、意思完整。每空限填一词，每词限用一次。 against he easy find poem national decide deep although love Yue Fei was a famous general who lived during the Southern Song Dynasty, about 900 years ago. He is remembered as one of China’s greatest 61 heroes. He was born into a poor family in Henan Province. When he was young, the northern part of China was invaded (侵略) by the Jin army. Yue Fei 62 to join the army to protect his country. To encourage him, his mother tattooed (刺在……上) four Chinese characters on his back. They were “Jing Zhong Bao Guo”, which means “serving the country with total loyalty”. These words became the guiding lines of 63 life. As a general, Yue Fei was brave, strict, and very smart. He led his army, known as the “Yue Family Army”, to win many important battles 64 the Jin. His soldiers were famous for their discipline and strength. People even said, “It is 65 to shake a mountain than to shake the Yue Family Army.” He was not only a great fighter but also cared 66 for common people and his soldiers. Yue Fei was also a good learner and wrote powerful 67 . His most famous poem, Manjianghong (The River All Red), expresses his strong 68 for his country and his determination to recover the lost land. 69 Yue Fei died unfairly, his spirit lived on. He became a lasting symbol of loyalty, courage, and selfless love for one’s homeland. Today, statues of Yue Fei can be 70 in many places. His story continues to teach people about the true meaning of patriotism (爱国主义) and sacrifice. 七、书面表达(共15分) 你的学校近期开展了纪念红军长征胜利90周年系列活动,（series of activities for the 90th anniversary of the Long March Victory）在活动中了解长征历史、长征意义、长征精神,你感触颇深。请你写一则日记，记录你所参加的活动，并谈谈你的感受。 注意事项： (1)语句通顺，意思连贯，语法正确，格式正确，书写规范； (2)文中不得出现真实人名、校名或地名； (3)词数80词左右。 ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $