专题04 过去分词（知识清单）（全国通用）2027年高考英语一轮复习讲练测

该高中英语高考复习知识清单聚焦过去分词专题，系统涵盖作定语、状语、表语、宾语补足语及与状语从句省略五大核心考点，通过知识脑图搭建完整知识体系，梳理从基础用法到重难点应用的脉络。 清单采用考点分层突破设计，如区分单个过去分词与短语作定语的用法差异，配套即时训练和高考真题精练模块，特设“易错提醒”标注（如现在分词与过去分词作定语的区别）及“迈克听听看看”谐音记忆法辅助宾补动词掌握，培养学生语言能力和思维品质，便于学生自主梳理知识，助力教师精准把握复习方向。

专题04 过去分词（知识清单） 目录导航 01知识脑图·核心脉络搭建——梳理专题框架，搭建知识体系 02考点深研·知能分层突破——深挖高频考点，分层突破重难点 考点一 过去分词作定语 知识点1 单个过去分词作前置定语 知识点2 过去分词短语作后置定语 考点二 过去分词作状语 知识点1 过去分词（短语）直接作状语 知识点2 Having done形式作状语区别 考点三 过去分词作表语 知识点1 过去分词作表语 知识点2 过去分词作表语和被动语态区别 考点四 过去分词作宾语补足语 知识点1 观感使役类动词接过去分词作宾补 知识点2 用于“with+名词+过去分词”结构 知识点3 用于“名词+过去分词”结构 考点五 过去分词与状语从句省略 知识点1 状语从句省略用法 知识点2 过去分词短语作插入语 03优题精练·专题实战通关——精选优质试题，强化实战应用 高考真题 名校模拟 写作升格 知识脑图·核心脉络搭建 考点深研·知能分层突破 考点一 过去分词作定语 知识点1 单个过去分词作前置定语 单个过去分词作前置定语，表示一个___________、___________动作。 The broken glass on the floor reminds me of my careless mistake yesterday. 地上一块破碎的玻璃杯让我想起昨天自己粗心犯下的过错。 A written letter from my friend arrived early on this cold winter morning. 朋友寄来的手写书信在这个寒冷冬日清晨一早就送达了。 知识点2 过去分词短语作后置定语 过去分词短语修饰名词作后置定语，表示一个___________、___________动作。 The trees planted last spring grow tall and strong beside the village road. 去年春天栽种的树木在村道旁长得高大茁壮。 The ancient paintings discovered in the cave draw lots of history lovers’ attention. 洞穴里出土的古画吸引了众多历史爱好者的目光。 1．现在分词doing作定语，表示一个__________、__________动作。 A glowing candle on the wooden desk lights up the small quiet study room at night. 木桌上一支摇曳发光的蜡烛在夜里照亮了这间安静狭小的书房。 2. 现在分词被动式being done作定语，则表示一个__________、__________动作。 The injured boy being treated in hospital hopes to return to his class soon after recovery. 医院里正在接受救治的受伤男孩希望康复后尽快回到班级。 3. 过去分词作定语表示一个__________、__________动作。 The dried fruits stored in jars taste sweet and are full of natural nutrition. 罐子里存放的干果味道香甜，还富含天然营养。 4. 不定式to do作定语表示一个__________动作。 We still have plenty of difficult tasks to solve before the project’s final deadline. 在项目最终截止前我们还有不少棘手任务需要解决。 5. 不定式被动式to be done作定语表示一个__________、__________动作。 The medical supplies to be sent to mountain areas are packed in large wooden boxes. 即将送往山区的医疗物资都被装在大大的木箱之中。 【即时训练】用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。 1．（26-27高三上·全国·课后作业）40 years ago, most people in China lived in small houses where winter seemed to be extremely cold, but now people live in large houses (equip) with heating systems. 2．（25-26高三·全国·三轮复习）The project, led by Koichi Takada Architects, is a mixed-use development ___________(intend) to serve as a gateway to the new Shanghai Tian An Caobao Road Area Residential Masterplan. 3．（25-26高三·全国·三轮复习）Contemporary designers have created three-dimensional building blocks ___________ (inspire) by the Luban Lock, serving as educational tools to inspire creativity and critical thinking in children. 4．（25-26高三·全国·三轮复习）Bert draws inspiration from the Terracotta Warriors of China, which were an ancient army (bury) underground for thousands of years. 5．（2026高三上·全国·专题练习）Other than ethnic culture, the Chinese publishing delegation was also displaying books (detail) Chinese ecological civilization. 考点二 过去分词作状语 知识点1 过去分词（短语）直接作状语 1. 过去分词作状语，逻辑主语是句子的主语,用作时间、原因、条件、让步、伴随状语，强调该动作与句子主语之间的__________。 Seen from the top hill, the whole small town looks quiet and extremely beautiful at dusk. 从山顶望去，整座小镇在黄昏时分显得宁静又格外秀美。 Given more careful support, this young athlete will achieve far greater competition results. 倘若给予更细致的扶持，这位年轻选手会取得好得多的比赛成绩。 2.“be+过去分词+介词”短语作状语时，__________，直接用__________作状语。 “be+过去分词+in”类短语： be lost in陷入, be located in坐落在, be occupied in专心于, be absorbed in专心致志于, be stuck in被困在, be trapped in被困在, be involved in参与, be buried in埋头于, be dressed in穿着… “be+过去分词+with”类短语： be satisfied with对…… 满意, be equipped with配备有, be loaded with装载着, be burdened with负担着, be faced with面临着… “be+过去分词+to”类短语： be accustomed to习惯于, be addicted to沉迷于, be devoted/committed to致力于, be exposed to暴露于, be used to习惯余… Located in the valley, the ancient village keeps its traditional lifestyle perfectly. 这座古村落坐落在山谷中，完好保留着传统生活方式。 Faced with fierce competition, the small factory improves its product quality constantly. 面临激烈的竞争，这家小工厂持续不断提升产品质量。 Exposed to different cultures abroad, students broaden their views greatly in daily life. 在国外接触多元文化，学生们在日常生活中极大拓宽了眼界。 “be+过去分词+介词”短语作谓语时，__________，根据语境需要变化。 Those old scientists were devoted to developing new energy equipment in harsh conditions decades ago. 数十年前，老一辈科学家在艰苦环境中潜心研发新能源设备。 Committed to environmental protection, volunteers plant hundreds of trees every spring. 志愿者们致力于环保事业，每年春天栽种数百棵树苗。 知识点2 Having done形式作状语 现在分词完成式having done属于主动意义，表示的动作____________________发生；而过去分词作状语属于被动含义，有着明显差别。 Having finished the whole month’s tasks ahead of time, he took a short trip with his family. 提前完成整月工作任务后，他和家人开启了短途旅行。 Praised by the manager for high efficiency, he got an extra day off as a special reward. 因高效工作受到经理表扬，他多获得一天休假作为特殊奖励。 【即时训练】用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。 1．（2026高三上·河南鹤壁·专题练习） (trap) in the freezing water, Kiana knew the only effective plan was to get to shore herself and find help. 2．（2027高三·全国·专题练习） (refer) to as matrix planting, this approach aims for nature to do a lot more of the heavy lifting in the garden, and even some of the designing. 3．（25-26高三·全国·二轮复习） (consider) the world’s leading expert on chimpanzees, she found her approach initially met with much criticism from other scientists. 4．（25-26高三·全国·二轮复习） (equip) with a cutting-edge electromagnetic catapult system, the Fujian is the first aircraft carrier in the People’s Liberation Army Navy. 5．（25-26高三·全国·二轮复习）First (publish) in 1637, the book, Tian Gong Kai Wu, offers a summary of ancient China’s manufacturing and farming techniques, earning recognition as an encyclopedia of science and technology. 考点三 过去分词作表语 知识点1 过去分词作表语 过去分词作表语，多表示人的情感，翻译为“____________________”。 My grandpa was annoyed because someone had parked a car right in front of his gate. 有人把车正好停在他家大门前，爷爷感到十分恼火。 We are relieved that all the injured hikers have been sent to the local hospital safely. 所有受伤徒步者都安全送医，我们总算感到松了一口气。 知识点2 过去分词作表语和被动语态区别 1. “be/get+过去分词”构成__________，主语是动作承受者，突出 “被做” 这个行为，常有动作执行者、时间、方式等动作类修饰词。 被动语态（动作）：The glass bottle was broken by a heavy stone falling from above. 玻璃瓶被一块从上坠落的重石头砸破了。（外力撞击的动作） 系表结构（状态）：My old mobile phone is broken and cannot receive any calls now. 我的旧手机坏掉了，现在一通电话都接不了。（描述损坏状态） 2. 现在分词作表语多强调__________：过去分词相当于形容词，描述主语当下的情绪、处境等。 被动语态（动作）：The shop was closed by the boss early yesterday evening. 昨晚店主早早关上了店铺。（有施动者、过去关门动作） 系表结构（状态）：The shop is closed on every public holiday all year round. 这家店全年每逢法定节假日都歇业。（只讲营业状态） 【即时训练】用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。 1．（2025高三上·河南鹤壁·专题练习）She worked hard for three years and finally got (admit) to her dream university. 2．（2025高三上·全国·专题练习）When Bob got (absorb) in his world of music, he felt as if he could “see” the beauty of the world around him, like he had in his previous life. 3．（24-25高三·全国·一轮复习）We all need to get (involve) in saving energy whether it’s at work, at home, or at school. 4．（2026高三·全国·专题练习）Please remain (seat) ; the car is turning around a sharp turn. 5．（25-26高三·北京·二轮复习）Thanks to her lifetime dedication to the field, Tang (honor) with the Lifetime Achievement Award in Translation in 2024. 考点四 过去分词作宾语补足语 知识点1 观感使役类动词接过去分词作宾语补足语 观感使役类动词接过去分词作宾补，表示与宾语之间__________。 ______________________________（汉语谐音记忆） notice, make, hear, listen to, see, observe, watch, have, feel We heard the old song sung softly by a young girl standing under the big cherry tree. 我们听见那首老歌被站在大樱桃树下的小姑娘轻柔地哼唱。 He got all his exam papers checked again to avoid careless spelling mistakes. 他把所有试卷重新找人检查一遍，避免粗心的拼写错误。 知识点2 用于“with+名词+过去分词”结构 过去分词可以用于“with+名词+现在分词”结构，该结构在句中作状语或定语。用过去分词表示宾语和宾补之间__________。 He sat quietly at his desk, with his eyes fixed on the lines of the difficult English passage. 他静静坐在桌前，目光牢牢盯在这篇难懂英语短文的字句上。 With all tasks finished ahead of schedule, our group enjoyed a relaxing afternoon break. 所有任务提前完成后，我们小组享受了一段轻松的午后休息时光。 该结构用现在分词表示宾语和宾补之间___________；用动词不定式强调___________，其逻辑主语往往是句子的主语。 With bright sunshine shining everywhere, tourists take lots of photos of the mountain scenery. 明媚阳光四处洒落，游客们拍下许多山间美景照片。 With the windows closed tightly, the room keeps warm even on freezing winter nights. 窗户紧闭，即便严寒冬夜屋内依旧暖意十足。 With piles of papers to sort out, the secretary cannot leave the office for lunch right now. 还有成堆文件需要整理，秘书此刻没法离开办公室去吃午饭。 知识点3 用于“名词+过去分词”结构 过去分词可以用于“名词+过去分词”，构成____________________，该结构可以与with结构完美替换。用过去分词表示宾语和宾补之间__________。 His bike broken /With his bike broken, he had to walk a long way to school every morning. 自行车坏了，他每天早上不得不步行很远去上学。 【即时训练】用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。 1．（25-26高三·全国·二轮复习）The 2021 list of Best Tourism Villages was released at the 24th General Assembly of the World Tourism Organization, with Yucun ____________ (list) among the 44 outstanding villages. 2．（25-26高三下·北京·二轮复习）If you decide to major in a social science, you should expect to conduct your own research and keep yourself ____________ (equip) with related information. 3．（25-26高三·全国·二轮复习）Their wooden carvings and folk songs keep people ____________ (remind) of a shared heritage through time and change. 4．（25-26高三上·福建泉州·开学考试）With the word “PM2.5” constantly ____________ (appear) in media reports, you might be wondering what on earth it means. 5．（25-26高三·全国·二轮复习）Despite being two goals behind in the first half, the Chinese women’s national football team got three in the second half with two goals ____________ (score) in just five minutes. 考点五 过去分词与状语从句省略 知识点1 状语从句省略用法 在状语从句中，为了使语言更加简洁、生动，经常运用省略形式。省略原则：①当从句和主句的主语一致；②且从句的谓语部分有be动词，就可以把__________和__________。 If (you are) faced with trouble, you can turn to your teachers for useful advice. 倘若遇到难题，你可以向老师寻求实用建议。 Although (he was) criticized many times, he still refused to change his careless habits. 尽管多次受到批评，他仍不愿改掉粗心的习惯。 状语从句省略后构成“连接词+现在分词”或者“连接词+过去分词”结构。注意两个易错点：一是利用主被动关系作出选择；二是没有其他它“连接词+to do/being done”等形式。 While preparing for the competition, she practiced speaking every single day. 备战比赛期间，她每一天都练习口语。 If given enough time, you will work out all these difficult math problems step by step. 倘若给予充足时间，你能一步步解出所有数学难题。 知识点2过去分词短语作插入语 过去分词短语作插入语时，通常与句子主体用逗号隔开，独立于句子的语法结构之外，用于补充说明说话人的态度、看法，或提供额外的背景信息、解释说明等。Compared with/to…用作__________，表示“与……相比”，这时to和with均可；Given (that) …意为“__________”，后接从句；Provided (that) …意为“__________”，后接从句。 Compared with many ancient cities, this town keeps more original folk customs and old buildings. 和众多古城相比，这座小镇保留了更多原生态民俗与老建筑。 Given that the weather forecast warns of heavy rain, we decide to delay the hiking activity. 鉴于天气预报预警有大雨，我们决定推迟徒步活动。 Provided that all team members cooperate closely, we can finish the project ahead of schedule. 倘若全体队员紧密配合，我们就能提前完成这项工程。 【即时训练】用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。 1．（25-26高三·全国·二轮复习）Once (consider) just a children’s toy, this craft has now evolved into a major social currency among teenagers in China. 2．（2026高三·全国·专题练习）Although largely (ignore), materials thrown away provide plenty of resources for us artists to give them a second life. 3．（25-26高三下·安徽合肥·月考）Once (complete), this power station will supply all the neighboring towns and villages with electricity. 4．（25-26高三上·全国·课后作业）When (expose)to danger and conflict, people tend to increase blood pressure. 5．（25-26高三·江苏·课后作业）When (compare) different cultures, we often pay attention only to the differences without noticing the similarities. 优题精练·专题实战通关 高考真题分类精炼（过去分词） 考点一：考查过去分词短语作定语（与被修饰名词构成被动关系） 1.（2025天津6月卷）Engineers in the UK are going to build a new satellite (design) to track solar storms. 1.（2024新课标II卷）Two years later, a six-meter-tall pavilion, (inspire) by The Peony Pavilion, was built at the Firs Garden, just ten minutes’ walk from Shakespeare’s birthplace. 3.（2024浙江1月卷）Over the last two years, some supermarkets have started selling chicken or salad in packs __________ (design) with two halves containing separate portions (份). 4.（2023新课标I卷）Shanghai may be the (recognize) home of the soup dumplings but food historians will actually point you to the neighboring canal town of Nanxiang as Xiao long hao’s birthplace. 5.（2023全国甲卷）Behind the simple style, however, is a serious message ___________ (intend) for everyone. 6.（2023全国乙卷）From Buddhist temples to museums, narrow hutong to royal palaces, it is home to more than 3,000 years of glorious history even down to its layout, with the city keeping its carefully (build) system of ring roads. 7. (2023天津3月卷)The hero’s touching story ________(post) online has drawn thousands of “likes” and hundreds of comments from the public. 8.（2023浙江1月卷）In the Ming Dynasty, the center was the Forbidden City, (surround) in concentric (同心的) circles by the Inner City and Outer City. 9.（2022全国甲卷）Inspired by the Belt and Road Forum for International Cooperation ___________ (hold) in Beijing, Cao decided to cover the route by hiking as a tribute (致敬) to the ancient Silk Road. 10.（2021浙江卷1月）In 1985，urban men and women in more than three quarters of the countries ________ (study) had higher BMIs than men and women in rural areas. 11.（2021北京卷）There have been a dramatic rise in the number of extreme weather events over the past 20 years, ________(cause) largely by rising global temperatures, according to a new report from the United Nations. 12.（2020北京卷）A piece of stone __________ (find) on a Dutch beach suggests that our extinct human relatives, known as Neanderthals, were cleverer than previously thought. 13.（2019北京卷）Earth Day, __________(mark) on 22 April, is an annual event aiming to raise public awareness about environmental protection. 考点二：考查过去分词短语作宾语补足语（与宾语之间构成被动关系） 14.（2025全国二卷）If you’ve never experienced the “sunshine scent” from a sheet or shirt _________ (leave) to sun for a day, well, you’re missing out on one of life’s wonders. 15.（2022北京卷） When Nick runs ahead, I hear him barking excitedly. I sometimes call him back, worried that he might have someone (scare). 16.（2025天津3月卷） The school has decided to build an AI lab and the teachers would like to see the construction project ________(carry) out in the next school year. 17.（2021新课标I卷）But that’s how nature is —always leaving us _____________（astonish）. 18.（2020全国II卷）They make great gifts and you see them many times ___________ (decorate) with red envelopes and messages of good fortune. 考点三：考查过去分词短语作表语（多表示“感到……”） 19.（2024新课标I卷）These sepals open on warm days to give the inside plants sunshine and fresh air. In cold weather, the structure stays (close) to protect the plants. 20.（2021全国II卷）I was so________ (excite) when he wrote back to me. 21.（2018全国III卷）I quickly lower myself, ducking my head to avoid looking directly into his eyes so he doesn't feel_____________(challenge). 考点四：考查过去分词短语作状语（多表示与句子主语之间被动关系） 22. (2023天津3月卷)_________(try) several adjustments to the design for two months, the engineer eventually succeeded in building a highly efficient system. 23（2018· 北京）Ordinary soap, if_________ correctly, can deal with bacteria effectively. 考点五：考查过去分词短语作插入语 24.（2020浙江卷1月）The first is declining birthrates, which means old generations are large ____________ (compare) to younger generations, and so, on average, the population 名校模拟分类精炼（过去分词） 1．（25-26高三·全国·二轮复习）An exhibited bronze tablet in Chengdu Museum (carve) with 40 characters, which was made in 221 BC when he united China, documented Qin Shi Huang’s law to standardize the nation’s weights and measures. 2．（2026高三下·湖南长沙·专题练习）Richardson said that when he tested policy and urban environmental changes in the model, he was surprised at the scale of the changes (require) to restore the connection to nature. 3．（25-26高三·北京·三轮复习）They demanded a highly aesthetic space, ___________ (decorate) with fine stationery, so that they could be isolated from disturbing affairs. 4．（25-26高三·北京·三轮复习）This thrilling experience can be yours through bodyboarding, sometimes ___________ (call) boogie boarding, which uses a short, soft board to catch the waves. 5．（2026高三上·北京·专题练习）They explored the thousand-year-old relics (preserve) from the Three Kingdoms battlefield. 6．（2026高三上·全国·专题练习）The journey began with machines like the Electronic Numerical Integrator and Computer (ENIAC), (build) in 1945. 7．（25-26高三·全国·一轮复习）The couple has a high success rate in getting (accept) as house sitters and they always go beyond the homeowner’s expectations. 8．（25-26高三上·全国·寒假作业）White Cane Safety Day is an observance celebrated on October 14 of each year since 1964. It is a day of the White Cane, a tool that allows the visually impaired (障碍) people to travel independently and get (identify) easily. 9．（25-26高三·北京·二轮复习）Quicksand found on beaches or riverbanks is a hidden danger that traps dozens of people each year. If you find yourself (stick) in it, avoid allowing others to help, as this could cause them to get trapped as well. 10．（25-26高三·全国·二轮复习）As humans, we tend to be easily influenced when it comes to liking or disliking something, and we’re happy to have our existing opinions (confirm). 11．（25-26高三·全国·二轮复习）Only by deepening integration and upholding national interests can we get the great national reunification we seek (secure). 12．（25-26高三下·全国·课后作业）The villagers watched the old bridge (restore) to its original appearance after months of construction. 13．（25-26高三上·江苏无锡·期中）Even with my little brother watching TV next to me, I tried my best to keep my attention (concentrate) on the online class. 14．（25-26高三上·山东青岛·月考）He put up his schedule for the holiday on the wall in his bedroom to keep himself (remind) of his homework. 15．（25-26高三上·全国·课后作业）He didn’t notice the teacher standing by his side, with all his attention ___________ (concentrate) on a book. 16．（25-26高三下·全国·课后作业）You’ll have an accident with that old car sooner or later if you don’t have it ___________ (repair). 17．（2026高三上·北京·专题练习）They conclude that people choose to work out, (drive) by the immediate rewards of feeling good and having fun with friends. 18．（25-26高三下·全国·课后作业） (see) as a reference reflecting the life and social landscape of the Uygur ethnic group, Muqam also shows deep cultural connections between Xinjiang and China’s central plains. 19．（25-26高三·全国·二轮复习） (position) near the Grand Via, a vital European trade route, the house played host to merchants bringing exotic goods and knowledge from the Far East. 20．（25-26高三下·重庆·开学考试）When (absorb) in painting, the artist would forget all the pains he suffered in his life. 21．（25-26高三·全国·二轮复习）China’s food market is being reshaped by the rise of “pre-prepared dishes”. Once ___________ (regard) as a niche (小众的) convenience, they now range from semi-finished stir-fries to fully cooked meals that only need reheating. 22．（25-26高三·全国·假期作业）Anyone, once (test) positive for novel corona-virus, will receive free medical treatment from our government. 23．（25-26高三下·全国·课后作业）As I spoke, I noticed the rapt attention of my classmates, their eyes ___________ (reflect) curiosity and respect. 24．（25-26高三下·广东中山·期中）There are so many beautiful old buildings — many (sit) on top of big hills, offering great views of the city, the ocean, and the Golden Gate Bridge. 25．（25-26高三下·山东日照·期中）Weather (permit), we’ll hold the sports meeting as scheduled. 26．（25-26高三下·全国·课后作业）He (sit) there, no one dared to speak loudly. 27．（25-26高三下·全国·课后作业）The bus (be) full of people, we had to take another bus. 28．（25-26高三下·全国·课后作业）His bag (grab) by a thief, he shouted loudly and ran after the man. 29．（25-26高三下·全国·课后作业）All necessary materials (purchase), the team started the construction as planned. 30．（25-26高二下·吉林松原·期中）With so many different forms of poetry ( choose) from, you may eventually want to write poems of your own. Give it a try! 31．（25-26高三上·河北石家庄·期中）He handed in the report with the photo (attach) to prove his volunteer work. 32．（25-26高二下·全国·课后作业）With all the tasks (finish) ahead of schedule, they decided to have a picnic to relax. 33．（25-26高三下·全国·课后作业）This isn’t as hard as it sounds, and it is far better than any other method because you improve your vocabulary while (read) an interesting piece of literature. 34．（25-26高三上·全国·课后作业） (compare) with many other candidates for the position, I have a great advantage which is I have studied in Switzerland. 35．（25-26高三上·四川·期中） (compare) the youth to the rising sun at 8 or 9 o’clock, Mao Zedong expressed his great hope for the young. 重点语法写作升格（过去分词） 1. (2025全国一卷)哥哥推开房门，脸上带着诧异的笑意，一时间我们二人都沉默不语。 ___________________________________________________________________________________ 2. (2025全国二卷)这一刻心意相通，仅仅是互通姓名这样小事，便在两种文化之间架起了一座心灵的桥梁。 ___________________________________________________________________________________ 3. (2023新课标I卷)感激又感动，我向那位好心的司机热情表达了诚挚的谢意。 ___________________________________________________________________________________ 4. (2024浙江1月卷)一看到被困的蜂鸟，我就毫不犹豫上前救助。 ___________________________________________________________________________________ 5. (2024新课标I卷) 我很惊讶，犹豫了一会儿，但感激地接受了，被他的信任和慷慨所折服。 ___________________________________________________________________________________ 6. (2024新课标I卷) 他高兴又兴奋，笑着说他觉得这个小手机不会出现了。 ___________________________________________________________________________________ 7. (2024新课标I卷) 我再次向他露出歉意的微笑，恳求他延迟付款。 ___________________________________________________________________________________ 8. (2023新课标I卷)沉浸在喜悦之中，他向我挥手表示祝贺。 ___________________________________________________________________________________ 9. (2022新课标I卷)听到这个消息，我非常感动和高兴，紧紧地拥抱了我的老师。 ___________________________________________________________________________________ 10. (2022新课标I卷)在我的鼓励下，大卫下定决心参加这次大型越野跑。 ___________________________________________________________________________________ 13 / 13 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题04 过去分词（知识清单） 目录导航 01知识脑图·核心脉络搭建——梳理专题框架，搭建知识体系 02考点深研·知能分层突破——深挖高频考点，分层突破重难点 考点一 过去分词作定语 知识点1 单个过去分词作前置定语 知识点2 过去分词短语作后置定语 考点二 过去分词作状语 知识点1 过去分词（短语）直接作状语 知识点2 Having done形式作状语区别 考点三 过去分词作表语 知识点1 过去分词作表语 知识点2 过去分词作表语和被动语态区别 考点四 过去分词作宾语补足语 知识点1 观感使役类动词接过去分词作宾补 知识点2 用于“with+名词+过去分词”结构 知识点3 用于“名词+过去分词”结构 考点五 过去分词与状语从句省略 知识点1 状语从句省略用法 知识点2 过去分词短语作插入语 03优题精练·专题实战通关——精选优质试题，强化实战应用 高考真题 名校模拟 写作升格 知识脑图·核心脉络搭建 考点深研·知能分层突破 考点一 过去分词作定语 知识点1 单个过去分词作前置定语 单个过去分词作前置定语，表示一个主动的、正在进行的动作。 The broken glass on the floor reminds me of my careless mistake yesterday. 地上一块破碎的玻璃杯让我想起昨天自己粗心犯下的过错。 A written letter from my friend arrived early on this cold winter morning. 朋友寄来的手写书信在这个寒冷冬日清晨一早就送达了。 知识点2 过去分词短语作后置定语 过去分词短语修饰名词作后置定语，表示一个被动的、已经发生的动作。 The trees planted last spring grow tall and strong beside the village road. 去年春天栽种的树木在村道旁长得高大茁壮。 The ancient paintings discovered in the cave draw lots of history lovers’ attention. 洞穴里出土的古画吸引了众多历史爱好者的目光。 1．现在分词doing作定语，表示一个主动的、正在进行的动作。 A glowing candle on the wooden desk lights up the small quiet study room at night. 木桌上一支摇曳发光的蜡烛在夜里照亮了这间安静狭小的书房。 2. 现在分词被动式being done作定语，则表示一个被动的、正在进行的动作。 The injured boy being treated in hospital hopes to return to his class soon after recovery. 医院里正在接受救治的受伤男孩希望康复后尽快回到班级。 3. 过去分词作定语表示一个被动的、已发生的动作。 The dried fruits stored in jars taste sweet and are full of natural nutrition. 罐子里存放的干果味道香甜，还富含天然营养。 4. 不定式to do作定语表示一个将要发生的动作。 We still have plenty of difficult tasks to solve before the project’s final deadline. 在项目最终截止前我们还有不少棘手任务需要解决。 5. 不定式被动式to be done作定语表示一个将要发生的、被动的动作。 The medical supplies to be sent to mountain areas are packed in large wooden boxes. 即将送往山区的医疗物资都被装在大大的木箱之中。 【即时训练】用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。 1．（26-27高三上·全国·课后作业）40 years ago, most people in China lived in small houses where winter seemed to be extremely cold, but now people live in large houses (equip) with heating systems. 1. equipped 解析：句意：四十年前，中国多数人都挤在冬天格外寒冷的小房子里生活，如今人们都住进了配有供暖系统的大房子里。此处在句中作定语，修饰名词houses，houses与equip之间为被动关系，故应用过去分词equipped作后置定语。 2．（25-26高三·全国·三轮复习）The project, led by Koichi Takada Architects, is a mixed-use development ___________(intend) to serve as a gateway to the new Shanghai Tian An Caobao Road Area Residential Masterplan. 2. intended 解析：句意：由高田孝一建筑事务所主导的该项目是一处综合开发项目，旨在成为上海天安漕宝路片区新住宅总体规划的门户。此处为非谓语动词作后置定语，逻辑主语development与intend为被动关系，用过去分词intended作后置定语。 3．（25-26高三·全国·三轮复习）Contemporary designers have created three-dimensional building blocks ___________ (inspire) by the Luban Lock, serving as educational tools to inspire creativity and critical thinking in children. 3. inspired 解析：句意：当代设计师以鲁班锁为灵感，创作出了立体积木，这类积木可作为益智教具，激发孩子们的创造力与批判性思维。本句已有谓语have created，inspire用非谓语形式，逻辑主语three-dimensional building blocks与inspire之间是被动关系，用过去分词表被动，作后置定语，修饰three-dimensional building blocks。 4．（25-26高三·全国·三轮复习）Bert draws inspiration from the Terracotta Warriors of China, which were an ancient army (bury) underground for thousands of years. 4. buried 解析：句意：伯特从中国兵马俑中汲取灵感，兵马俑是一支在地下埋藏了数千年的古代军队。此处为非谓语动词作后置定语，逻辑主语an ancient army与bury为被动关系，用过去分词buried作后置定语。 5．（2026高三上·全国·专题练习）Other than ethnic culture, the Chinese publishing delegation was also displaying books (detail) Chinese ecological civilization. 5. detailing 解析：句意：除民族文化外，中国出版代表团还展出了详述中国生态文明建设的各类书籍。分析句子可知，此处为非谓语动词作后置定语修饰books，books和detail为主动关系，所以为现在分词形式。 考点二 过去分词作状语 知识点1 过去分词（短语）直接作状语 1. 过去分词作状语，逻辑主语是句子的主语,用作时间、原因、条件、让步、伴随状语，强调该动作与句子主语之间的被动关系。 Seen from the top hill, the whole small town looks quiet and extremely beautiful at dusk. 从山顶望去，整座小镇在黄昏时分显得宁静又格外秀美。 Given more careful support, this young athlete will achieve far greater competition results. 倘若给予更细致的扶持，这位年轻选手会取得好得多的比赛成绩。 2.“be+过去分词+介词”短语作状语时，be动词省略，直接用过去分词作状语。 “be+过去分词+in”类短语： be lost in陷入, be located in坐落在, be occupied in专心于, be absorbed in专心致志于, be stuck in被困在, be trapped in被困在, be involved in参与, be buried in埋头于, be dressed in穿着… “be+过去分词+with”类短语： be satisfied with对…… 满意, be equipped with配备有, be loaded with装载着, be burdened with负担着, be faced with面临着… “be+过去分词+to”类短语： be accustomed to习惯于, be addicted to沉迷于, be devoted/committed to致力于, be exposed to暴露于, be used to习惯余… Located in the valley, the ancient village keeps its traditional lifestyle perfectly. 这座古村落坐落在山谷中，完好保留着传统生活方式。 Faced with fierce competition, the small factory improves its product quality constantly. 面临激烈的竞争，这家小工厂持续不断提升产品质量。 Exposed to different cultures abroad, students broaden their views greatly in daily life. 在国外接触多元文化，学生们在日常生活中极大拓宽了眼界。 “be+过去分词+介词”短语作谓语时，be动词保留，根据语境需要变化。 Those old scientists were devoted to developing new energy equipment in harsh conditions decades ago. 数十年前，老一辈科学家在艰苦环境中潜心研发新能源设备。 Committed to environmental protection, volunteers plant hundreds of trees every spring. 志愿者们致力于环保事业，每年春天栽种数百棵树苗。 知识点2 Having done形式作状语 现在分词完成式having done属于主动意义，表示的动作先于谓语动词动作发生；而过去分词作状语属于被动含义，有着明显差别。 Having finished the whole month’s tasks ahead of time, he took a short trip with his family. 提前完成整月工作任务后，他和家人开启了短途旅行。 Praised by the manager for high efficiency, he got an extra day off as a special reward. 因高效工作受到经理表扬，他多获得一天休假作为特殊奖励。 【即时训练】用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。 1．（2026高三上·河南鹤壁·专题练习） (trap) in the freezing water, Kiana knew the only effective plan was to get to shore herself and find help. 1. Trapped 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：被困在冰冷的水中，基安娜知道唯一有效的计划就是自己上岸寻求帮助。句中已有谓语动词knew，空处需填非谓语动词作状语，trap与其逻辑主语Kiana之间为被动关系，需填过去分词形式，位于句首，首字母需大写。故填Trapped。 2．（2027高三·全国·专题练习） (refer) to as matrix planting, this approach aims for nature to do a lot more of the heavy lifting in the garden, and even some of the designing. 2. Referred 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：这种方法被称为矩阵种植，旨在让大自然在花园中承担更多繁重的工作，甚至承担部分设计工作。“aims”为谓语，空处应用非谓语形式，逻辑主语this approach与refer to之间为被动关系，用refer过去分词形式referred，在句中作状语，意为“被称为”，句首首字母大写。故填Referred。 3．（25-26高三·全国·二轮复习） (consider) the world’s leading expert on chimpanzees, she found her approach initially met with much criticism from other scientists. 3. Considered 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：作为世界上研究黑猩猩领域的顶尖专家，她发现自己的研究方法起初遭到了其他科学家的诸多批评。句子主干成分完整，空处为非谓语，consider“认为，视作”和she逻辑上是被动关系，因此用consider的过去分词形式，作状语，且句首单词的首字母应大写。故填Considered。 4．（25-26高三·全国·二轮复习） (equip) with a cutting-edge electromagnetic catapult system, the Fujian is the first aircraft carrier in the People’s Liberation Army Navy. 4. Equipped 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：配备先进的电磁弹射系统，“福建号”是中国人民解放军海军的第一艘航空母舰。此处为非谓语动词作状语，the Fujian与equip(装备)是被动关系，所以应使用过去分词形式。句首单词首字母大写。故填Equipped。 5．（25-26高三·全国·二轮复习）First (publish) in 1637, the book, Tian Gong Kai Wu, offers a summary of ancient China’s manufacturing and farming techniques, earning recognition as an encyclopedia of science and technology. 5. published 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：该书《天工开物》于1637 年首次出版，书中总结了中国古代的制造和农业技术，被誉为科技领域的百科全书。offers是本句谓语，空处用非谓语形式。此处book与publish构成被动关系，且in 1637表示动作已经发生，故用过去分词作状语。故填published。 考点三 过去分词作表语 知识点1 过去分词作表语 过去分词作表语，多表示人的情感，翻译为“（某人）感到……”。 My grandpa was annoyed because someone had parked a car right in front of his gate. 有人把车正好停在他家大门前，爷爷感到十分恼火。 We are relieved that all the injured hikers have been sent to the local hospital safely. 所有受伤徒步者都安全送医，我们总算感到松了一口气。 知识点2 过去分词作表语和被动语态区别 1. “be/get+过去分词”构成被动语态，主语是动作承受者，突出 “被做” 这个行为，常有动作执行者、时间、方式等动作类修饰词。 被动语态（动作）：The glass bottle was broken by a heavy stone falling from above. 玻璃瓶被一块从上坠落的重石头砸破了。（外力撞击的动作） 系表结构（状态）：My old mobile phone is broken and cannot receive any calls now. 我的旧手机坏掉了，现在一通电话都接不了。（描述损坏状态） 2. 现在分词作表语多强调主语状态：过去分词相当于形容词，描述主语当下的情绪、处境等。 被动语态（动作）：The shop was closed by the boss early yesterday evening. 昨晚店主早早关上了店铺。（有施动者、过去关门动作） 系表结构（状态）：The shop is closed on every public holiday all year round. 这家店全年每逢法定节假日都歇业。（只讲营业状态） 【即时训练】用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。 1．（2025高三上·河南鹤壁·专题练习）She worked hard for three years and finally got (admit) to her dream university. 1. admitted 解析：考查过去分词。句意：她努力学习了三年，最终成功被她梦寐以求的大学录取了。空处作表语，get admitted to意思为：被……录取，为固定短语。空处为admit的过去分词形式，表示被动。故填admitted。2．（2025高三上·全国·专题练习）When Bob got (absorb) in his world of music, he felt as if he could “see” the beauty of the world around him, like he had in his previous life. 2. absorbed 解析：考查非谓语。句意：当鲍勃沉浸在他的音乐世界里时，他感觉自己仿佛能“看见”周围世界的美好，就像他前世那样。分析句子可知，空格处考查固定搭配get absorbed in，意为“全神贯注于、沉浸在……中”。absorbed是过去分词作表语，此处表示状态，符合语境。故填absorbed。 3．（24-25高三·全国·一轮复习）We all need to get (involve) in saving energy whether it’s at work, at home, or at school. 3. involved 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：我们都需要参与到节约能源中来，无论是在工作中，在家里还是在学校。固定短语get involved in“参加，参与”，过去分词作表语。故填involved。 4．（2026高三·全国·专题练习）Please remain (seat) ; the car is turning around a sharp turn. 4. seated 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：请在座位上坐着；车马上急转弯。remain/be seated“保持坐着的状态，坐着”，过去分词作表语。故填seated。 5．（25-26高三·北京·二轮复习）Thanks to her lifetime dedication to the field, Tang (honor) with the Lifetime Achievement Award in Translation in 2024. 5. was honored 解析：考查动词的时态和语态。句意：由于她一生致力于该领域，唐在2024年被授予翻译终身成就奖。Tang与honor构成被动关系，即“唐被授予（奖项）”，且时间是in 2024，为过去时间，所以用一般过去时的被动语态“was/were + 过去分词”，Tang为单数，be动词用was，honor的过去分词为honored。故填was honored。 考点四 过去分词作宾语补足语 知识点1 观感使役类动词接过去分词作宾语补足语 观感使役类动词接过去分词作宾补，表示与宾语之间被动关系。 注意迈克听听看看这块表有啥感觉（汉语谐音记忆） notice, make, hear, listen to, see, observe, watch, have, feel We heard the old song sung softly by a young girl standing under the big cherry tree. 我们听见那首老歌被站在大樱桃树下的小姑娘轻柔地哼唱。 He got all his exam papers checked again to avoid careless spelling mistakes. 他把所有试卷重新找人检查一遍，避免粗心的拼写错误。 知识点2 用于“with+名词+过去分词”结构 过去分词可以用于“with+名词+现在分词”结构，该结构在句中作状语或定语。用过去分词表示宾语和宾补之间被动关系。 He sat quietly at his desk, with his eyes fixed on the lines of the difficult English passage. 他静静坐在桌前，目光牢牢盯在这篇难懂英语短文的字句上。 With all tasks finished ahead of schedule, our group enjoyed a relaxing afternoon break. 所有任务提前完成后，我们小组享受了一段轻松的午后休息时光。 该结构用现在分词表示宾语和宾补之间主动关系；用动词不定式强调将要发生，其逻辑主语往往是句子的主语。 With bright sunshine shining everywhere, tourists take lots of photos of the mountain scenery. 明媚阳光四处洒落，游客们拍下许多山间美景照片。 With the windows closed tightly, the room keeps warm even on freezing winter nights. 窗户紧闭，即便严寒冬夜屋内依旧暖意十足。 With piles of papers to sort out, the secretary cannot leave the office for lunch right now. 还有成堆文件需要整理，秘书此刻没法离开办公室去吃午饭。 知识点3 用于“名词+过去分词”结构 过去分词可以用于“名词+过去分词”，构成独立主格结构，该结构可以与with结构完美替换。用过去分词表示宾语和宾补之间被动关系。 His bike broken /With his bike broken, he had to walk a long way to school every morning. 自行车坏了，他每天早上不得不步行很远去上学。 【即时训练】用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。 1．（25-26高三·全国·二轮复习）The 2021 list of Best Tourism Villages was released at the 24th General Assembly of the World Tourism Organization, with Yucun ____________ (list) among the 44 outstanding villages. 1. listed 解析：句意：2021年最佳旅游乡村名单在世界旅游组织第24届大会上发布，余村位列44个杰出乡村之中。此处考查“with + 宾语 + 宾语补足语”的复合结构，其中宾语Yucun与动词list之间为被动关系，故应用过去分词作宾语补足语。 2．（25-26高三下·北京·二轮复习）If you decide to major in a social science, you should expect to conduct your own research and keep yourself ____________ (equip) with related information. 2. equipped 解析：句意：如果你决定主修社会科学，你应该期望自主开展研究并让自己储备好相关资讯。此处为“keep+宾语+宾补”结构，宾语yourself与equip构成被动关系，需使用equip的过去分词形式equipped作宾补。 3．（25-26高三·全国·二轮复习）Their wooden carvings and folk songs keep people ____________ (remind) of a shared heritage through time and change. 3. reminded 解析：考查过去分词。句意：他们的木雕和民歌让人们通过时间和变化想起共同的遗产。空处应填非谓语动词作宾补，remind与people之间是被动关系，用过去分词reminded作宾补，故填reminded。 4．（25-26高三上·福建泉州·开学考试）With the word “PM2.5” constantly ____________ (appear) in media reports, you might be wondering what on earth it means. 4. appearing 解析：考查非谓语动词。随着“PM2.5”这个词不断地出现在媒体报道中，你可能很想知道它究竟是什么意思。句首为“with+宾语+宾补”的复合结构，the word “PM2.5”充当介词with的宾语，空处作宾语补足语；the word “PM2.5” 与动词appear构成主动关系，且动作与主句同时、持续进行，表示“不断出现”。故填appearing。 5．（25-26高三·全国·二轮复习）Despite being two goals behind in the first half, the Chinese women’s national football team got three in the second half with two goals ____________ (score) in just five minutes. 5. scored 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：尽管在上半场落后两球，但中国女子国家足球队在下半场连进三球，仅用了五分钟就打进了两球。此处是with复合结构，介词宾语two goals与动词score之间是被动关系，所以用过去分词作宾语补足语。故填scored。 考点五 过去分词与状语从句省略 知识点1 状语从句省略用法 在状语从句中，为了使语言更加简洁、生动，经常运用省略形式。省略原则：①当从句和主句的主语一致；②且从句的谓语部分有be动词，就可以把从句的主语和be动词省略。 If (you are) faced with trouble, you can turn to your teachers for useful advice. 倘若遇到难题，你可以向老师寻求实用建议。 Although (he was) criticized many times, he still refused to change his careless habits. 尽管多次受到批评，他仍不愿改掉粗心的习惯。 状语从句省略后构成“连接词+现在分词”或者“连接词+过去分词”结构。注意两个易错点：一是利用主被动关系作出选择；二是没有其他它“连接词+to do/being done”等形式。 While preparing for the competition, she practiced speaking every single day. 备战比赛期间，她每一天都练习口语。 If given enough time, you will work out all these difficult math problems step by step. 倘若给予充足时间，你能一步步解出所有数学难题。 知识点2过去分词短语作插入语 过去分词短语作插入语时，通常与句子主体用逗号隔开，独立于句子的语法结构之外，用于补充说明说话人的态度、看法，或提供额外的背景信息、解释说明等。Compared with/to…用作插入语，表示“与……相比”，这时to和with均可；Given (that) …意为“考虑到，鉴于”，后接从句；Provided (that) …意为“假如，如果”，后接从句。 Compared with many ancient cities, this town keeps more original folk customs and old buildings. 和众多古城相比，这座小镇保留了更多原生态民俗与老建筑。 Given that the weather forecast warns of heavy rain, we decide to delay the hiking activity. 鉴于天气预报预警有大雨，我们决定推迟徒步活动。 Provided that all team members cooperate closely, we can finish the project ahead of schedule. 倘若全体队员紧密配合，我们就能提前完成这项工程。 【即时训练】用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。 1．（25-26高三·全国·二轮复习）Once (consider) just a children’s toy, this craft has now evolved into a major social currency among teenagers in China. 1. considered 解析：句意：这项手工艺曾经只被看作儿童玩具，如今已演变成中国青少年间重要的社交资本。此处为非谓语动词作状语，consider与其逻辑主语this craft为被动关系，用过去分词considered。 2．（2026高三·全国·专题练习）Although largely (ignore), materials thrown away provide plenty of resources for us artists to give them a second life. 2. ignored 解析：考查状语从句的省略。句意：虽然在很大程度上被忽视，但被丢弃的材料为我们艺术家提供了大量的资源，让它们重获新生。Although引导的状语从句中，若谓语部分含有be动词，而主语又跟主句主语相同时，可以省略从句中主语和be动词，此处省略了materials are，保留过去分词。故填ignored。 3．（25-26高三下·安徽合肥·月考）Once (complete), this power station will supply all the neighboring towns and villages with electricity. 3. completed 解析：考查状语从句中的省略。句意：一旦建成，这座发电站将为周边的所有城镇和村庄提供电力。此处为状语从句中的省略结构，complete与逻辑主语station构成被动关系，故用过去分词，省略了 “this power station is”。故填completed。 4．（25-26高三上·全国·课后作业）When (expose)to danger and conflict, people tend to increase blood pressure. 4. exposed 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：当人们置身于危险或者冲突的时候，血压往往会升高。be exposed to为固定短语，意为“暴露于；接触到”，句中tend为谓语动词，设空处使用非谓语动词和when构成时间状语，即短语be exposed to省略be。故填exposed。 5．（25-26高三·江苏·课后作业）When (compare) different cultures, we often pay attention only to the differences without noticing the similarities. 5. comparing 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：当比较不同的文化时，我们经常只关注差异而没有注意到相似之处。compare与主语we之间是主动关系，故用现在分词形式comparing作状语。故填comparing。 优题精练·专题实战通关 高考真题分类精炼（过去分词） 考点一：考查过去分词短语作定语（与被修饰名词构成被动关系） 1.（2025天津6月卷）Engineers in the UK are going to build a new satellite (design) to track solar storms. 1. designed 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：英国的工程师们将建造一颗新的卫星，该卫星旨在监测太阳风暴。此处design与satellite构成被动关系，故用过去分词作定语。故选A。 1.（2024新课标II卷）Two years later, a six-meter-tall pavilion, (inspire) by The Peony Pavilion, was built at the Firs Garden, just ten minutes’ walk from Shakespeare’s birthplace. 2. inspired 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：两年后，一座六米高的亭子在菲斯花园落成，该花园距离莎士比亚故居仅十分钟步行路程，其灵感来自《牡丹亭》。非谓语动词担当后置定语，被修饰词“a six-meter-tall pavilion”和动词“inspire”之间为被动关系，用过去分词形式。故填inspired。 3.（2024浙江1月卷）Over the last two years, some supermarkets have started selling chicken or salad in packs __________ (design) with two halves containing separate portions (份). 3. designed 解析：考查过去分词。句意：在过去的两年里，一些超市开始销售鸡肉或沙拉包装，设计成两半，拆分成两份。动词design意为“设计”，和谓语之间没有连词，和逻辑主语packs构成被动关系，且动作已完成，所以应用过去分词形式作后置定语。故填designed。 4.（2023新课标I卷）Shanghai may be the (recognize) home of the soup dumplings but food historians will actually point you to the neighboring canal town of Nanxiang as Xiao long hao’s birthplace. 4. recognized 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：上海可能是公认的小笼包之乡，但美食历史学家会告诉你，邻近的运河小镇南翔才是小笼包的发源地。空格在名词home前面作定语，recognize与home是逻辑上动宾关系，需填过去分词recognized作定语，recognized“被公认的”也可以看作是形容词作定语。故填recognized。 5.（2023全国甲卷）Behind the simple style, however, is a serious message ___________ (intend) for everyone. 5. intended 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：然而，在简洁的风格背后，是每个人都想要传达的重要信息。be intended for打算为……所用，在句中作定语，所以用过去分词形式。故填intended。 6.（2023全国乙卷）From Buddhist temples to museums, narrow hutong to royal palaces, it is home to more than 3,000 years of glorious history even down to its layout, with the city keeping its carefully (build) system of ring roads. 6. built 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：从佛教寺庙到博物馆，狭窄的胡同和皇家宫殿，它是3000多年辉煌历史的家园，即使是在它的布局上，这座城市也保持着精心建造的环城公路系统。这里为非谓语动词担当定语，表示“精心建造的……”，和被修饰词“system of ring roads”之间为被动关系，用过去分词。故填built。 7. (2023天津3月卷)The hero’s touching story ________(post) online has drawn thousands of “likes” and hundreds of comments from the public. 7. posted 解析：考查非谓语动词、句意：这位英雄的感人故事被张贴在网上，已经吸引了成千上万的“赞”和数百条公众评论。句中已有谓语动词，所以用非谓语动词形式。post 和名词story 是逻辑上的动宾关系，所以用过去分词作定语。故填posted。 8.（2023浙江1月卷）In the Ming Dynasty, the center was the Forbidden City, (surround) in concentric (同心的) circles by the Inner City and Outer City. 8. surrounded 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：在明朝，紫禁城是中心，它被由内层和外层构成的同心圆包围。分析句子结构，was是谓语动词，空格处需要填非谓语动词作后置定语，主语the Forbidden City和surround之间是动宾关系，需填过去分词形式。故填surrounded。 9.（2022全国甲卷）Inspired by the Belt and Road Forum for International Cooperation ___________ (hold) in Beijing, Cao decided to cover the route by hiking as a tribute (致敬) to the ancient Silk Road. 9. held 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：受到在北京举行的“一带一路”国际合作高峰论坛的启发，曹决定徒步穿越这条路线，以向古代丝绸之路致敬。分析句子可知，本句已有谓语动词decided，所以hold应用非谓语动词形式，hold与cooperation之间为逻辑动宾关系，应用过去分词，作后置定语，表被动。故填held。 10.（2021浙江卷1月）In 1985，urban men and women in more than three quarters of the countries ________ (study) had higher BMIs than men and women in rural areas. 10. studied 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：1985年，在被研究的国家中，超过四分之三的城市男性和女性的BMIs高于农村地区的男性和女性。分析句子结构可知，句子的谓语是had，所以study用非谓语形式，它的逻辑主语是countries，表被动关系，故填studied。 11.（2021北京卷）There have been a dramatic rise in the number of extreme weather events over the past 20 years, ________(cause) largely by rising global temperatures, according to a new report from the United Nations. 11. caused 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：根据联合国的一份新报告，过去20年里，极端天气事件的数量急剧增加，这在很大程度上是由全球气温上升造成的。a dramatic rise in the number of extreme weather events与cause是逻辑动宾关系，应用过去分词，表被动。故填caused。 12.（2020北京卷）A piece of stone __________ (find) on a Dutch beach suggests that our extinct human relatives, known as Neanderthals, were cleverer than previously thought. 12. found 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：在荷兰海滩上发现的一块石头表明，我们已经灭绝的人类亲戚尼安德特人比我们之前认为的更聪明。句子的谓语为suggests，设空处在句中作非谓语和逻辑主语之间是逻辑的被动关系。故答案为found。 13.（2019北京卷）Earth Day, __________(mark) on 22 April, is an annual event aiming to raise public awareness about environmental protection. 13. marked 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：地球日于4月22日举行，是一项旨在提高公众环保意识的年度活动。分析句式可知，设空处是要作名词Earth Day的后置定语，且两者之间是被动关系，要用过去分词。故填marked。 考点二：考查过去分词短语作宾语补足语（与宾语之间构成被动关系） 14.（2025全国二卷）If you’ve never experienced the “sunshine scent” from a sheet or shirt _________ (leave) to sun for a day, well, you’re missing out on one of life’s wonders. 14. left 考查非谓语动词。句意：如果你从未体验过在阳光下晾晒了一整天的床单或衬衫散发的“阳光的味道”，那么你就错过了生活中的一大奇观。本句已有谓语have experienced，此处应用非谓语动词，a sheet or shirt和leave“使处于某种状态”之间是逻辑动宾关系，应用过去分词，作后置定语。故填left。 15.（2022北京卷） When Nick runs ahead, I hear him barking excitedly. I sometimes call him back, worried that he might have someone (scare). 15. scared 考查非谓语动词。句意：我有时会把他叫回来，担心他可能会吓到别人。“have sb. done”表示“使某人被……”，“someone”与“scare”之间是被动关系，即某人被吓到，用过去分词作宾语补足语。故填scared。 16.（2025天津3月卷） The school has decided to build an AI lab and the teachers would like to see the construction project ________(carry) out in the next school year. 16. carried 16. 考查非谓语动词。句意：学校已决定建造一个人工智能实验室，老师们希望看到这个建设项目在下一个学年得以实施。“see+宾语+宾语补足语”是固定结构，construction project与carry out之间是被动关系，即项目“被实施”，强调被动和完成的意义，应用过去分词carried out作宾语补足语。故填carried。 17.（2021新课标I卷）But that’s how nature is —always leaving us _____________（astonish）. 17. astonished 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意为：但大自然就是这样——总是让我们惊讶。作宾补,所以用形容词,表示人"吃惊的",故填astonished. 18.（2020全国II卷）They make great gifts and you see them many times ___________ (decorate) with red envelopes and messages of good fortune. 18. decorated 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：它们是很好的礼物，你会经常看到它们装饰着红包和好运的信息。句中them指代前句中的orange trees，与decorate之间为被动关系，所以用过去分词作宾语补足语。故填decorated。 考点三：考查过去分词短语作表语（多表示“感到……”） 19.（2024新课标I卷）These sepals open on warm days to give the inside plants sunshine and fresh air. In cold weather, the structure stays (close) to protect the plants. 19. closed 考查形容词。句意：然后在寒冷的天气里，这个结构保持关闭，以保护亚热带植物。空处用于stays之后作表语，应用形容词closed，表示“紧闭的”，符合题意。故填closed。 20.（2021全国II卷）I was so________ (excite) when he wrote back to me. 21. excited 解析：考查形容词。句意：当他给我回信时，我很兴奋。该空作was之后的表语，用形容词，修饰人，用v+ed形式的形容词，所以填excited。 21.（2018全国III卷）I quickly lower myself, ducking my head to avoid looking directly into his eyes so he doesn't feel_____________(challenge). 21. challenged 解析：考查非谓语动词。feel为系动词，之后缺表语，故用过去分词challenged，表示"被挑战的"，所以用过去分词。 考点四：考查过去分词短语作状语（多表示与句子主语之间被动关系） 22. (2023天津3月卷)_________(try) several adjustments to the design for two months, the engineer eventually succeeded in building a highly efficient system. 22. Having tried 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：在两个月的时间里，这位工程师对设计尝试了几次调整，最终成功地构建了一个高效的系统。本句谓语为succeeded，此处应用非谓语动词，逻辑主语the engineer与try“尝试”为主动关系，且此处强调动作try发生在谓语succeeded之前，应用现在分词的完成式having tried，作状语。故填Having tried。 23.（2018· 北京）Ordinary soap, if_________ correctly, can deal with bacteria effectively. 23. used 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：如果正确使用的话，普通的肥皂可以有效地处理细菌。Ordinary soap can deal with bacterial effectively是主句，_________ correctly是条件状语，修饰ordinary soap，ordinary soap和use之间是被动关系，故填used。 考点五：考查过去分词短语作插入语 24.（2020浙江卷1月）The first is declining birthrates, which means old generations are large ____________ (compare) to younger generations, and so, on average, the population 24. compared 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：首先是出生率的下降，这意味着老一代比年轻一代人口多，因此，平均而言，人口比以前老龄化。Compare与old generation之间表示被动关系，故填compared。 名校模拟分类精炼（过去分词） 1．（25-26高三·全国·二轮复习）An exhibited bronze tablet in Chengdu Museum (carve) with 40 characters, which was made in 221 BC when he united China, documented Qin Shi Huang’s law to standardize the nation’s weights and measures. 1. carved 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：成都博物馆展出的一块刻有40个字的青铜板，制作于公元前221年他统一中国时，记录了秦始皇统一国家度量衡的法律。本句谓语为documented，此处为非谓语动词，且bronze tablet与carve“雕刻”为被动关系，应用过去分词，作后置定语。故填carved。 2．（2026高三下·湖南长沙·专题练习）Richardson said that when he tested policy and urban environmental changes in the model, he was surprised at the scale of the changes (require) to restore the connection to nature. 2. required 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：理查森表示，当他在模型中测试政策和城市环境的变化时，他对这些为恢复人与自然的联结所必需的变化的规模感到惊讶。句子主干为he was surprised at the scale of the changes，空格处需要修饰名词changes，作后置定语。逻辑主语changes与动词require之间是被动关系（变化是“被要求、被需要”来恢复人与自然联结的），因此用过去分词作后置定语。故填required。 3．（25-26高三·北京·三轮复习）They demanded a highly aesthetic space, ___________ (decorate) with fine stationery, so that they could be isolated from disturbing affairs. 3. decorated 解析：句意：他们要求一个极具美感的空间，装饰着精美的文具，以便能远离烦扰之事。句中已有谓语动词demanded，此处需用非谓语动词作后置定语修饰space。space与decorate之间为被动关系，故用过去分词作定语。 4．（25-26高三·北京·三轮复习）This thrilling experience can be yours through bodyboarding, sometimes ___________ (call) boogie boarding, which uses a short, soft board to catch the waves. 4. called 解析：句意：这种惊险刺激的体验你可以通过趴板冲浪获得，它有时也被称为波基冲浪，使用的是短而软的冲浪板来乘风破浪。此处为非谓语动词作后置定语修饰bodyboarding，bodyboarding与call为被动关系，故用过去分词called作定语。 5．（2026高三上·北京·专题练习）They explored the thousand-year-old relics (preserve) from the Three Kingdoms battlefield. 5. preserved 解析：句意：他们探索了三国战场上保存下来的千年遗迹。本句谓语动词是explored，空格处需要填非谓语动词，作后置定语修饰前面的名词relics。relics和动词preserve之间是被动关系，因此用过去分词形式preserved。 6．（2026高三上·全国·专题练习）The journey began with machines like the Electronic Numerical Integrator and Computer (ENIAC), (build) in 1945. 6. built 解析：句意：这段征程始于1945年研制的电子数字积分计算机（埃尼阿克）等机器。句中已有谓语动词began，空处应用非谓语动词，build和machines为逻辑被动关系，应用过去分词，作后置定语。 7．（25-26高三·全国·一轮复习）The couple has a high success rate in getting (accept) as house sitters and they always go beyond the homeowner’s expectations. 7. accepted 解析：考查过去分词。句意：这对夫妇被接受为看房保姆的成功率很高，他们总是超出房主的期望。主语The couple和非谓语动词accept是逻辑被动关系，accept用过去分词形式作表语，构成“get + 过去分词”结构。填accepted。 8．（25-26高三上·全国·寒假作业）White Cane Safety Day is an observance celebrated on October 14 of each year since 1964. It is a day of the White Cane, a tool that allows the visually impaired (障碍) people to travel independently and get (identify) easily. 8. identified 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：自1964年以来，每年的10月14日是“国际盲人节”。它是一个属于白手杖的日子，白色手杖是一种可以让视力受损的人独立旅行，并且很容易被认出来的工具。分析句子可知，空处放在get后作表语，the visually impaired people与identify构成逻辑上的被动关系，表示“被认出”，用过去分词作表语。故填identified。 9．（25-26高三·北京·二轮复习）Quicksand found on beaches or riverbanks is a hidden danger that traps dozens of people each year. If you find yourself (stick) in it, avoid allowing others to help, as this could cause them to get trapped as well. 9. stuck 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：海滩或河岸上发现的流沙是一种隐藏的危险，每年都会困住数十人。如果你发现自己被困在其中，避免让他人帮忙，因为这可能也会导致他们被困。此处在句中作宾补，宾语为yourself，与stick之间为被动关系，故应用过去分词stuck作宾补，故填stuck。 10．（25-26高三·全国·二轮复习）As humans, we tend to be easily influenced when it comes to liking or disliking something, and we’re happy to have our existing opinions (confirm). 10. confirmed 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：作为人类，我们在喜欢或不喜欢某样东西时往往容易受到他人影响，并且乐于看到自己现有的观点得到证实。设空处作宾语补足语。此处为have sth. done结构，opinions与confirm之间为逻辑上的被动关系，空处用过去分词作宾补。故填confirmed。 11．（25-26高三·全国·二轮复习）Only by deepening integration and upholding national interests can we get the great national reunification we seek (secure). 11. secured 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：只有深化融合、维护国家利益，我们才能让我们所追求的伟大国家统一得到稳固保障。此处是“get+宾语+宾补”的固定结构，the great national reunification与secure是动宾关系，应用过去分词secured作宾补。故填secured。 12．（25-26高三下·全国·课后作业）The villagers watched the old bridge (restore) to its original appearance after months of construction. 12. restored 解析：考查非谓语。句意：村民们看着那座古桥经过数月的修建，恢复了原来的面貌。句中宾语为the old bridge，空处为宾语补足语。bridge与restore为被动关系，用过去分词表被动完成。故填restored。 13．（25-26高三上·江苏无锡·期中）Even with my little brother watching TV next to me, I tried my best to keep my attention (concentrate) on the online class. 13. concentrated 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：即使我的小弟弟在我旁边看电视，我也尽力让我的注意力集中在网课上。“keep+宾语+宾语补足语”是固定结构，concentrate与其逻辑主语attention之间是被动关系，用过去分词形式concentrated作宾语补足语。故填concentrated。 14．（25-26高三上·山东青岛·月考）He put up his schedule for the holiday on the wall in his bedroom to keep himself (remind) of his homework. 14. reminded 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：他把假期的日程安排贴在了卧室的墙上，以便提醒自己完成作业。“keep+宾语+宾语补足语”为固定结构，空处需填非谓语动词作宾语补足语，此处remind与himself为被动关系，用过去分词作宾语补足语。故填reminded。 15．（25-26高三上·全国·课后作业）He didn’t notice the teacher standing by his side, with all his attention ___________ (concentrate) on a book. 15. concentrated 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：他没有注意到老师站在他身边，他所有的注意力都集中在一本书上。此处为“with+宾语+宾补”结构，be concentrated on是固定搭配，his attention与concentrate之间为被动关系，所以此处过去分词形式concentrated作宾语补足语。故填concentrated。 16．（25-26高三下·全国·课后作业）You’ll have an accident with that old car sooner or later if you don’t have it ___________ (repair). 16. repaired 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：如果你不把那辆旧车修好，迟早还是会出事故的。此处repair与it构成被动关系，故用过去分词作宾补。故填repaired。 17．（2026高三上·北京·专题练习）They conclude that people choose to work out, (drive) by the immediate rewards of feeling good and having fun with friends. 17. driven 解析：句意：他们得出的结论是，人们选择锻炼，其驱动因素是感觉良好和与朋友一起玩得开心的直接回报。本句已经存在谓语动词conclude和从句谓语choose，空格处需要填非谓语形式； 逻辑主语是people，people和动词drive(驱使)之间是被动关系，因此用drive的过去分词driven作伴随状语。 18．（25-26高三下·全国·课后作业） (see) as a reference reflecting the life and social landscape of the Uygur ethnic group, Muqam also shows deep cultural connections between Xinjiang and China’s central plains. 18. Seen 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：木卡姆被视为反映维吾尔族生活与社会风貌的参照，同时也展现出新疆与中国中原地区深厚的文化联系。句子已有谓语动词shows，空处无连词连接，需用非谓语动词；see与其逻辑主语Muqam之间是被动关系，所以用过去分词作状语，首字母大写。故填Seen。 19．（25-26高三·全国·二轮复习） (position) near the Grand Via, a vital European trade route, the house played host to merchants bringing exotic goods and knowledge from the Far East. 19. Positioned 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：位于欧洲重要贸易路线格兰维亚大道附近，这栋房子曾接待过从远东带来异国商品和知识的商人。句中已有谓语played，空处为非谓语，position“安置，使处于”和the house逻辑上是动宾关系，因此用position的过去分词形式，作状语，且句首单词的首字母应大写。故填Positioned。 20．（25-26高三下·重庆·开学考试）When (absorb) in painting, the artist would forget all the pains he suffered in his life. 20. absorbed 解析：考查省略句。句意：当那位艺术家全神贯注于绘画时，他会忘记他一生中遭受的所有痛苦。when引导的时间状语从句的主语和主句的主语一致，可以省略从句的主语和be动词，完整的从句是When he was absorbed in painting，相当于省略了he was，空处需填过去分词absorbed。故填absorbed。 21．（25-26高三·全国·二轮复习）China’s food market is being reshaped by the rise of “pre-prepared dishes”. Once ___________ (regard) as a niche (小众的) convenience, they now range from semi-finished stir-fries to fully cooked meals that only need reheating. 21. regarded 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：中国的食品市场正因“预制菜肴”的兴起而发生变革。过去，这类食品被视为一种小众的便捷食品，而现在它们的种类已从半成品炒菜发展到只需加热即可食用的成品套餐。此句已有谓语动词range，空处应填非谓语形式，动词regard与逻辑主语they之间是被动关系，应用过去分词作状语，此处也是状语从句的省略。故填regarded。 22．（25-26高三·全国·假期作业）Anyone, once (test) positive for novel corona-virus, will receive free medical treatment from our government. 22. tested 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：任何人只要被检测出新冠病毒呈阳性，都将享受政府免费医疗。本句谓语为receive，且无连词，故所给动词应为非谓语动词，动词test与句子主语anyone构成逻辑上被动关系，故用过去分词作状语。故填tested。 23．（25-26高三下·全国·课后作业）As I spoke, I noticed the rapt attention of my classmates, their eyes ___________ (reflect) curiosity and respect. 23. reflecting 解析：句意：我讲话时，留意到同学们听得十分专注，他们的眼中流露着好奇与敬重。此处为独立主格结构，reflect与逻辑主语their eyes为主动关系，使用现在分词形式reflecting。 24．（25-26高三下·广东中山·期中）There are so many beautiful old buildings — many (sit) on top of big hills, offering great views of the city, the ocean, and the Golden Gate Bridge. 24. sitting 解析：句意：这里有许多精美的古老建筑——其中许多建在高高的山丘之上，从那里可以饱览城市、大海以及金门大桥的美景。此处为独立主格结构，且many与sit构成主动关系，故用现在分词形式。 25．（25-26高三下·山东日照·期中）Weather (permit), we’ll hold the sports meeting as scheduled. 25. permitting 解析：句意：如果天气允许，我们将按计划举行运动会。句中已有谓语will hold，空处作非谓语动词，weather与permit之间是主动关系，应用现在分词permitting，与weather构成独立主格结构。 26．（25-26高三下·全国·课后作业）He (sit) there, no one dared to speak loudly. 26 sitting 解析：句意：他坐在那里，没有人敢大声说话。分析句子可知，前后各有独立主语He和no one，句子无并列连词连接，空格处构成独立主格结构，逻辑主语He与sit是主动关系，用现在分词形式sitting。 27．（25-26高三下·全国·课后作业）The bus (be) full of people, we had to take another bus. 27. being 解析：句意：这辆公交车上挤满了人，我们只好换乘另一辆。此处为独立主格结构，be和逻辑主语The bus之间是主动关系，应用现在分词being。 28．（25-26高三下·全国·课后作业）His bag (grab) by a thief, he shouted loudly and ran after the man. 28. grabbed 解析：句意：他的包被一个小偷偷走了，他大声呼喊着并追向那个小偷。此处为独立主格结构，且bag与grab构成被动关系，故用过去分词形式。 29．（25-26高三下·全国·课后作业）All necessary materials (purchase), the team started the construction as planned. 29. purchased 解析：句意：所有必要材料购置完毕，团队按计划开始施工。分析可知，“All necessary materials _________ (purchase)”为独立主格结构，在句中作状语。逻辑主语“All necessary materials(所有必要材料)”和动词“purchase(购买)”之间是被动关系，即，材料是被购买，用过去分词表被动、完成。 30．（25-26高二下·吉林松原·期中）With so many different forms of poetry ( choose) from, you may eventually want to write poems of your own. Give it a try! 30. to choose 解析：句意：有这么多不同形式的诗歌可供选择，你最终可能会想要自己写诗。试一试吧! choose(选择)作with复合结构中宾语补足语，用非谓语形式，描述未发生的动作，用不定式形式to choose，且在with复合结构中主动表被动。 31．（25-26高三上·河北石家庄·期中）He handed in the report with the photo (attach) to prove his volunteer work. 31. attached 解析：句意：他提交了那份报告，并附上了那张照片以证明他的志愿服务经历。分析可知，在with复合结构“with the photo _________ (attach)”中，名词“the photo”与动词“attach”之间为被动关系，用过去分词形式“attached”。 32．（25-26高二下·全国·课后作业）With all the tasks (finish) ahead of schedule, they decided to have a picnic to relax. 32. finished 解析：句意：由于所有任务都提前完成了，他们决定去野餐放松一下。空处在with复合结构中作宾补，所填词要用非谓语动词；all the tasks和finish之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，要用过去分词finished表示被动。 33．（25-26高三下·全国·课后作业）This isn’t as hard as it sounds, and it is far better than any other method because you improve your vocabulary while (read) an interesting piece of literature. 33. reading 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：这并不像听起来那么难，而且它比任何其他方法都要好得多，因为你可以在阅读一篇有趣的文献的同时提高词汇量。分析句子结构和意思可知，动词read是句子主语you主动发出的动作，用现在分词形式，表示主动，作时间状语。故填reading。 34．（25-26高三上·全国·课后作业） (compare) with many other candidates for the position, I have a great advantage which is I have studied in Switzerland. 34. Comparing 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：与其他许多候选人相比，我有一个很大的优势，那就是我曾经在瑞士学习过。分析句子结构可知此处compare应用非谓语动词形式，与逻辑主语I构成主动关系，故应用现在分词作状语。句首单词首字母要大写。故填Comparing。 35．（25-26高三上·四川·期中） (compare) the youth to the rising sun at 8 or 9 o’clock, Mao Zedong expressed his great hope for the young. 35. Comparing 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：将青年比作早晨八九点钟的太阳，毛泽东表达了对年轻一代的殷切期望。句子主干成分完整，空处为非谓语，短语compare A to B意为“把A比作/喻为B”，compare“把……比作……”和Mao Zedong逻辑上是主动关系，因此用compare的现在分词形式，作状语，句首单词的首字母需大写。故填Comparing。 重点语法写作升格（过去分词） 1. (2025全国一卷)哥哥推开房门，脸上带着诧异的笑意，一时间我们二人都沉默不语。 ___________________________________________________________________________________ 2. (2025全国二卷)这一刻心意相通，仅仅是互通姓名这样小事，便在两种文化之间架起了一座心灵的桥梁。 ___________________________________________________________________________________ 3. (2023新课标I卷)感激又感动，我向那位好心的司机热情表达了诚挚的谢意。 ___________________________________________________________________________________ 4. (2024浙江1月卷)一看到被困的蜂鸟，我就毫不犹豫上前救助。 ___________________________________________________________________________________ 5. (2024新课标I卷) 我很惊讶，犹豫了一会儿，但感激地接受了，被他的信任和慷慨所折服。 ___________________________________________________________________________________ 6. (2024新课标I卷) 他高兴又兴奋，笑着说他觉得这个小手机不会出现了。 ___________________________________________________________________________________ 7. (2024新课标I卷) 我再次向他露出歉意的微笑，恳求他延迟付款。 ___________________________________________________________________________________ 8. (2023新课标I卷)沉浸在喜悦之中，他向我挥手表示祝贺。 ___________________________________________________________________________________ 9. (2022新课标I卷)听到这个消息，我非常感动和高兴，紧紧地拥抱了我的老师。 ___________________________________________________________________________________ 10. (2022新课标I卷)在我的鼓励下，大卫下定决心参加这次大型越野跑。 ___________________________________________________________________________________ 【参考答案】 1. My brother opened the door with a surprised smile, and for a moment, neither of us spoke. 2. It was a moment of connection, a bridge built between cultures through sharing my name. 3. Grateful and moved, I expressed my sincere thanks to the kind driver warmly. 4. At the sight of the trapped hummingbird, I stepped forward to help it without hesitation. 5. Surprised, I hesitated for a while but accepted it gratefully, overwhelmed by his trust and generosity. 6. Happy and excited, He laughed and said he thought this little phone wouldn't show up. 7. Flashing him another apologetic smile, I begged him for a delayed payment. 8. Bathed in the enjoyment, he waved at me and expressed his congratulations. 9. So moved and happy was I to hear the news that I gave my teacher a tight hug. 10. Encouraged by me, David made up his mind to participate in the big cross-country run. 17 / 24 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $