衔接点12 情态动词、系动词、助动词（初高考点差异及衔接）（讲义，通用版）英语初升高衔接

衔接点12 情态动词、系动词、助动词 初中视角 高中展望 熟记 can/may/must/should/will 等常用词，掌握基本含义、句式及否定 / 疑问用法，能简单辨析 must 与 have to。分清 be 动词、感官动词、变化类系动词，掌握主系表基本句型，熟记常用搭配。掌握 do/does/did/be/have/will 的基础用法，用于构成时态、语态、疑问和否定句。 拓展 could/might/ought to/dare/need 等，重点掌握推测、虚拟语气、委婉语气，区分情态动词 + have done 结构。辨析易混系动词（如 become/get/turn），掌握系动词无被动、无进行时的用法，结合语境灵活运用。区分实义动词与助动词，掌握倒装、强调、省略句式中助动词的特殊用法。 衔接引导 初中阶段考查形式：侧重语法知识的识记和简单运用，多以单句填空、选择题等基础形式考查语法知识。 高中阶段考查形式：注重语法知识的灵活运用和理解，更多地在语篇语法填空中综合运用语法知识。 【初中考点聚焦】 考点1 情态动词 1．—Mum, could I ride an electric bicycle to school? —No, you _________. Students under the age of 16 aren’t allowed to ride electric bicycles. A．couldn’t B．needn’t C．mustn’t D．can’t 2．—Ms. Li, must we finish the science project today? —No, you ________. Just make sure it’s done before Friday. A．mustn’t B．can’t C．needn’t D．shouldn’t 3．— These purple clay works look so amazing! — True. But we ________ touch any of them. They break easily. A．need not B．may not C．mustn’t D．couldn’t 4．He ________ know the secret. I haven’t told anyone about it. A．might B．needn’t C．can’t D．mustn’t 5．—________ we clean the classroom together after the afternoon class? —Good idea! Teamwork can make the work much easier and faster. A．Shall B．Must C．May D．Can 考点2 系动词 6．There ________ a book and three pens on the desk. A．is B．are C．was D．be 7．There ________ more than 30,000 people at the Changchun Marathon in May 2026. A．is B．are C．was D．were 8．My mother often makes orange juice at home. It is fresh and natural, so it ________ much better than the drinks in the shop. A．sounds B．drives C．feels D．tastes 9．One thousand kilometers ________ quite a long way to the ancients, but now we can complete the journey in one hour by air. A．was B．were C．is D．are 10．Guanyun Hot Noodles ________ so delicious that visitors from all over Jiangsu come to have a try. A．sounds B．tastes C．smells D．looks 考点3 助动词 11．—Do you have a pen? —Yes, I ________. And it’s black. A．do B．don’t C．am D．am not 12．—______ he go to school by bike every day? —Yes, he does. A．Do B．Does C．Did D．Will 13．—He hardly watches TV on school nights, ________? —No, he devotes all his time to his studies. A．does he B．doesn’t he C．is he D．isn’t he 14．They have to help people do the health check for a whole day, ________? A．don’t they B．haven’t they C．do they D．have they 15．—I don’t like short videos on social media. —________. Watching them is a waste of time. A．So do I B．So will I C．Neither do I D．Neither will I 【高中考点聚焦】 课标解读 1. 情态动词：课标要求在语境中掌握can/could、may/might、must/have to、should/ought to、need等；重点理解并运用能力、许可、义务、推测四类核心情态意义；熟练掌握情态动词 + have done（对过去推测 / 虚拟 / 责备），并能在交际与写作中准确表达语气、态度与情感。 2. 系动词：掌握be、感官系动词（look/sound/feel 等）、变化类（become/get/turn）、持续类（keep/stay）；核心是熟练运用主系表结构，明确系动词无被动、无进行时；能辨析易混系动词，在语境中准确描述主语身份、性质、状态与变化。 3. 助动词：掌握be、do、have、will/shall的语法功能，用于构成时态、语态、否定、疑问；区分助动词与实义动词；掌握其在倒装、强调、省略句式中的用法，能在语篇中识别并运用助动词构建正确句式、理解长难句。 考点清单 　 Part one 情态动词 1．情态动词的基本用法 (1)can/could：表示能力、请求、可能性。相关的特殊句型有：can not...too.../enough再怎么……也不过分；can’t help but do不得不做…… The smallest good habits can make a big difference. 最小的好习惯会产生很大的作用。 You can’t be too careful while driving. 你开车时越小心越好。 (2)may/might：表示较小的可能性。相关句型或搭配：may/might as well do表示“还是……好，最好……”。 If you forgot to turn it off when you went away, you might burn down the house. 当你离开时如果忘记关掉它，你可能把整个房子都烧毁的。 Since it is raining hard, you may as well stay here. 既然雨下得这么大，你倒不如待在这儿。 (3)must表示非常肯定的推测；表示与说话人意愿相反或不耐烦等感情色彩，意为“偏要，非要……不可”；表示“必须”。mustn’t意为“禁止”，表示“不必”应用needn’t。 Men and women must be treated equally in education and employment. 在教育和就业方面，男性和女性必须被平等对待。 He thought that Joe must be dead, but he didn’t want to leave immediately. 他以为乔一定死了，但是他不想立刻就离开。 Must you make so loud noise? 你非得弄出这么大声吗？ (4)shall的用法：①用于第二、三人称的陈述句中，表命令、警告、许诺或威胁等，语气强于should。②用于第一、三人称的疑问句中，表示征询意见，肯定回答应用must，否定回答应用needn’t或don’t have to。 I promised he shall get a present for his birthday. 我许诺给他一件生日礼物。 Shall I tell Brett to come over straight after school tomorrow? 要我告诉布雷特明天放学以后直接过来吗？ (5)should/ought to ①表示责任、义务、劝告、建议等，意为“应该”。 (陕西卷)Why shouldn’t we buy the lady a flower？It will make her feel better. 为什么我们不给那位女士买一朵花呢？这会让她感觉好一些。 ②should表示出乎意料的口气，意为“竟然；居然”。 It is quite surprising that he should speak to you like that. 他竟然那样对你说话，真是令人惊讶。 ③should和ought to表示推测，指预期的可能性，意为“应该，估计”。 He ought to/should be here on time—he started early enough.　 他应该按时到这里了——他很早就出发了。 2．“情态动词＋have done”的用法 (1)must have done“一定做过了某事”，表示对过去事情有把握的推测。 (2)could/can have done“本能做某事(而实际上未做)”，can’t/couldn’t have done“(过去)不可能做过某事”。 (3)may/might have done“(过去)有可能做过某事”。 (4)should/ought to have done“本该做某事而没做”。 (5)needn’t have done“本不必做某事(而实际上做了)”。 The boy might have known the truth, but I am not quite sure. 那个男孩(当时)也许知道了真相，但我不是很确定。 George can’t have gone too far.His coffee is still warm.　乔治一定没走远，他的咖啡仍旧热呢。 “情态动词＋have＋过去分词 ”结构是难点和重点，记住以下最常考查的结构： （1）must have done “过去一定做了某事” （2）can’t/couldn’t have done “过去不可能做了某事” （3）may/might have done “过去可 能做了某事” （4）needn’t have done “过去本来没有必要做而做了某事” （5）could have done “过去本来能够做某事而没有做” （6）should/ought to have done “过去本来应该做某事而没有做 ” （7）shouldn’t/oughtn’t to have done “过去本来不应该做某事而做了” Part two 系动词 系动词又称连系动词，其后常接形容词或名词等作表语。 注意：系动词只能有主动语态，不能有被动语态，多数不能用于进行时态。系动词有一定意义，它们要与其后作表语的形容词、名词或介词（短语）一起构成合成谓语。常见的系动词如下： 种类 用法  举例 be动词 is,am,are,was,were I am a math teacher.我是数学老师。 表感官 look（看起来），smell（闻起来）， taste（尝起来），sound（听起来）， feel（摸起来，感觉） Lucy looks happy today. 今天露西看起来很开心。 The music sounds beautiful. 这音乐听起来很优美。 表变化 become，get，turn（十颜色）， g o ( + b a d食物变质）， g r o w ( + tall , o l d ) , f a l l ( + i 1 1, sick , asleep) The trees turn green in spring.春天树变绿了。 Food goes bad easily in hot weather. 炎热的天气里，食物容易变质。 I didn't fall asleep until midnight yesterday. 昨天直到半夜我才睡着。 保持，保留 keep,stay,remain We all remained／stayed／kept silent. 我们都保持沉默。 似乎，好像 seem He seemed very sad yesterday. 昨天，他似乎很伤心。 Part three 助动词 助动词没有任何含义，不能单独作谓语，只能和实义动词一起构成谓语，帮助行为动词组成各种时态、语态、语气以及疑问或否定形式及部分倒装。常见的助动词有be，do，does，did，have等，具体用法如下： 种类 用法  举例 be 构成各种进行时态 It was raining all day yesterday. 昨天下了一天雨。 构成被动语态 The meeting was held yesterday afternoon. 这个会议是昨天下午召开的 与不定式连用表示按计划、预先安排或规定要发生的动作 They are to see an English film this evening. 他们今晚要看一场英语电影。 do do的过去式是did；第三人称单数是does；do，did，does用于构成疑问式或否定式 Does he think so？他这么认为吗？ 在动词前加上do，does，did表示强调，意为“的确，确实” They do study hard.他们确实学习努力。 have have的过去式是had；第三人称单数是has；have，has，had均可与动词的过去分词一起构成完成时态 He has lived here for three years. 他已经住在这里三年了。 1．助动词do/does/did主要帮助构成疑问句、否定句及部分倒装。助动词do/does/did后只能跟动词原形，助动词不能用作实义动词。 2．助动词be/being/been主要帮助构成进行时、完成进行时和各种被动语态。需注意be虽然没有实际意义，但却是结构中不可缺少的。 3．助动词have/has/had主要是帮助构成完成时态和完成进行时态。需注意其构成形式have/has/had done和have/has/had been doing。 [助记] 助动词，用法怪；只当佐料不当菜。 句型变换显身手；常与时态谈恋爱。 have完成be进行，will将来三大块。 加上各自过去式，总共构成六时态。 否定疑问靠它们，过去did，do现在。 一般现在和过去，没有助动也无碍。 第三人单用does，否定疑问照常变。 一、语法填空 1．Why you always interrupt me when I am doing my homework? (用适当的词填空) 2．The medicine be on the way to be tested, but I’m not sure. (用适当的词填空) 3．I love the weekend, because I get up early to go to school. (用适当的词填空) 4．Mr. Smith is on time for everything. How it be that he was late for the important meeting? (用适当的词填空) 5．Cars be parked in front of the entrance to the supermarket. (用适当的词填空) 6．He is a bad­tempered man, but he be quite kind and patient sometimes. (用适当的词填空) 7．Look at the dark clouds. It rain this afternoon. You’d better take an umbrella.（填入恰当的情态动词）. 8．We have helped him; in that case, he would have been able to finish the work. (选择恰当的情态动词填空can/should) (所给词的适当形式填空) 9．When you cross the street, you be careful of the passing cars. (用适当的词填空) 10．Jack set out at seven in the morning; he be here now. (用适当的词填空) 11．You have told him the truth; it made him so sad. (用适当的情态动词填空) 12．She have earned a lot of money, for she bought a second new car yesterday. (用适当的词填空) 13．She didn’t come to school yesterday. she have been ill? (用适当的词填空) 14．I haven’t seen her for weeks. She have gone on holiday. (用适当的词填空) 15．The ground is wet. It have rained last night. (用适当的词填空) 16．The water (feel) cool when I jumped into the pool for morning exercise. (所给词的适当形式填空) 17．China’s deadliest earthquake in recent years (be)a 7.9 magnitude quake in 2008 that killed nearly 90, 000 people in Sichuan. （所给词的适当形式填空） 18．This sort of roast meat is a local super food and it （taste）delicious. （所给词的适当形式填空） 19．It had white-painted tunnels and bright red carriages, and （prove）extremely popular with the public. （所给词的适当形式填空） 20．This material （feel）soft and may be used to make underwear. （所给词的适当形式填空） 21．Do I have to take this medicine? It (taste) so terrible. (所给词的适当形式填空） 22．Neither my parents nor my younger sister (be) at home today. (所给词的适当形式填空） 23．Not only he speak correctly, but he also speaks easily. (用适当的词填空) 24．How long you suppose it is since he arrived and began to work here? (用适当的词填空) 25．Not until then I realise words could be powerful in positive and negative ways. （用适当的词填空） 26．The number of students of our school (be) increasing rapidly these years. (所给词的适当形式填空) 27．No sooner he arrived at the station than his friend left by train.（用适当的词填空） 28．As a result of destroying the for-ests, a large quantity of desert （have）covered the land. （所给词的适当形式填空） 29．You not have bought the book. I have a copy for you. (用适当的情态动词填空) 30．Using supercomputer, many labs are now conducting experiments that couldn’t (be) possible in the past.(所给词的适当形式填空) 二、完成句子 31．Don’t scold him for his mistake again. Anybody ________ (都可能犯错误). （根据汉语提示完成句子） 32．If you ________________ (非要走的话), at least wait until the storm is over. (根据汉语提示完成句子) 33．She ________________ (一定累了) after such a long walk. (根据汉语提示完成句子) 34．你不需要现在完成，你有三天的时间。 You ________________now; you have three days’ time. 35．You________ (不必担心) the car any more, since I just had it repaired. (根据汉语提示完成句子) 36．Helen ________ nervous. 看起来很紧张。 37．除此之外, 一些学生在网上受骗。 (“get+过去分词”构成的被动结构) Besides, some students ________ online. 38．____________________（树上的叶子变绿了）when spring comes, which makes a beautiful scene. 39．I _______ like being laughed at. 我不喜欢被人嘲笑。 40．Tom _______go to school today because he is ill. 汤姆今天没去上学， 因为他生病了。 41．昨天Tom确实按时完成了作业。 Yesterday Tom ________________. 42．If you have any other questions, _______. 如果你还有其他问题，一定要告诉我。 43．When _____________ (do) the bus start? 公共汽车什么时候开？(按时刻表) 44．那么你如何着手完成那项计划呢？ So how do you ________________ accomplishing that plan? 45．谁都没有受伤，我深感欣慰。 I ________________ that nobody was hurt. 三、语篇填空（情态动词、系动词、助动词专练） (A) Life is full of small challenges, and we ____1____be brave enough to face them. I ____2____ a middle school student now, and I often wonder what I ____3____ do when I meet difficulties. My teacher always tells us that we ____4____ never give up easily. When you feel tired, you ____5____ take a short rest first. It ____6____ normal to feel upset sometimes, but you ____7____ not stay in bad moods for too long. ____8____ you know how to cheer yourself up? If you have problems, you ____9____ ask your parents or teachers for help. They ____10____ always ready to listen to you. (B) Everyone ____1____ different from others. We ____2____ respect everyone around us. You ____3____ not laugh at people who are in trouble. ____4____ your friend have any special hobbies? He ____5____ play the guitar very well, and he ____6____ also good at singing. We ____7____ learn from each other and make progress together. We ____8____ keep our promises if we make them. It ____9____ not hard to get along well with others. What ____10____ you do to get on with your classmates? 一、语法填空 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1 个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。 Different countries have wildly different forms of greeting. In the USA, when you pass by someone you know, a nod is acceptable, and you usually shake hands with someone you first meet. But in Latin countries, a firm handshake 1 (consider) rude. In my home country, Mauritius, when people meet, they usually kiss each other 2 the cheeks. This is also common in France, 3 the act is called faire la bise. However, this is not 4 universal rule. During my first week in the USA, I kissed every single girl I met. My friends had to tell me that that was inappropriate, 5 (leave) me in great embarrassment. What is common here, however, is for friends 6 (hug) each other – something I was not used to. Hugs always make me 7 (frighten) because I don’t really like that. This may seem strange since even kissing 8 (stranger) is normal in my country. Now that I think about it, I hate cheek-kissing as well. Wouldn’t it be 9 (enjoy) to have a greeting code that is 10 (wide) acceptable? I’m not saying we should start doing that, but we can surely do something to avoid misunderstanding. 二、阅读理解 Four Interesting Festivals in 2026 The following events happening in 2026 will make you want to pack your bags and join the fun. Holi Festival Holi turns cities into a sea of rainbow colors. People throw handfuls of colored powder at friends, family, and total strangers, while music, dancing, and laughter fill the streets. The festival celebrates the arrival of spring and the success. It happens on March 3, 2026. Wear white clothes if you don’t mind getting dirty, and prepare to be covered head-to-toe in every color imaginable. Wife-Carrying World Championship Competitors race through a difficult course while carrying their wife. The course includes water hazards (障碍), and sand traps that test strength, speed, and teamwork. Winners receive their wife’s weight in beer. It happens on July 3 and 4, 2026. Despite the traditional name, any couple can compete, and the event attracts teams from around the world eager to prove their carrying skills and sense of humor. Monkey Buffet Festival Tables piled high with fruit, vegetables, and snacks are laid out for Lopburi’s famous monkeys in a yearly feast that is both generous and makes for great photos. Hundreds of monkeys rush to the spread, creating a wild feeding competition that delights photographers and tourists. Typically held in late November, the 2026 event doesn’t have fixed dates yet. Night of the Radishes (萝卜) Artists in Oaxaca spend hours carving oversized radishes into well-designed historical figures, and imaginary creatures, knowing their creations will dry out within a day. The time pressure makes the festival feel magical and short-lived, which is a special experience. It happens on December 23, 2026. It’s held yearly on the same date. Arrive early for the best views, because the detailed carvings are amazing but only last for a short time. 11．Which event requires both physical effort and teamwork? A．Holi Festival. B．Night of the Radishes. C．Monkey Buffet Festival. D．Wife-Carrying World Championship. 12．What can be inferred about the Monkey Buffet Festival? A．It follows a fixed schedule. B．Monkeys eat politely together. C．Its 2026 date remains uncertain. D．Tourists feed monkeys personally. 13．What makes the Night of the Radishes special? A．Artists use special tools. B．The art disappears quickly. C．It happens before Christmas. D．Carvings are sold for money. 1 / 12 zxxk.com 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 衔接点12 情态动词、系动词、助动词 初中视角 高中展望 熟记 can/may/must/should/will 等常用词，掌握基本含义、句式及否定 / 疑问用法，能简单辨析 must 与 have to。分清 be 动词、感官动词、变化类系动词，掌握主系表基本句型，熟记常用搭配。掌握 do/does/did/be/have/will 的基础用法，用于构成时态、语态、疑问和否定句。 拓展 could/might/ought to/dare/need 等，重点掌握推测、虚拟语气、委婉语气，区分情态动词 + have done 结构。辨析易混系动词（如 become/get/turn），掌握系动词无被动、无进行时的用法，结合语境灵活运用。区分实义动词与助动词，掌握倒装、强调、省略句式中助动词的特殊用法。 衔接引导 初中阶段考查形式：侧重语法知识的识记和简单运用，多以单句填空、选择题等基础形式考查语法知识。 高中阶段考查形式：注重语法知识的灵活运用和理解，更多地在语篇语法填空中综合运用语法知识。 【初中考点聚焦】 考点1 情态动词 1．—Mum, could I ride an electric bicycle to school? —No, you _________. Students under the age of 16 aren’t allowed to ride electric bicycles. A．couldn’t B．needn’t C．mustn’t D．can’t 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——妈妈，我能骑电动自行车去上学吗？——不，你不能。16岁以下的学生不允许骑电动自行车。 couldn’t不能（过去式）；needn’t不必；mustn’t禁止；can’t不能。根据问句“could I...”是委婉请求许可，回答时应用can’t表示“不可以”，且后句“Students under the age of 16 aren’t allowed to ride electric bicycles”说明是规定上的不允许。 2．—Ms. Li, must we finish the science project today? —No, you ________. Just make sure it’s done before Friday. A．mustn’t B．can’t C．needn’t D．shouldn’t 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——李老师，我们今天必须完成科学项目吗？——不，你们不必。只要确保周五之前完成就行。   mustn’t禁止；can’t不能；needn’t不必；shouldn’t不应该。根据答语“No”以及后句“Just make sure it’s done before Friday”可知，今天不是必须完成，只需周五前完成即可，表示“不必、没必要”，应填needn’t。 3．— These purple clay works look so amazing! — True. But we ________ touch any of them. They break easily. A．need not B．may not C．mustn’t D．couldn’t 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——这些紫砂作品看起来太神奇了！——没错。但是我们千万不能触摸它们中的任何一件。它们很容易碎。 need not不必；may not可能不/不可以；mustn’t禁止/不能（语气强烈）；couldn’t不能（语气委婉）。根据后句“They break easily”可知作品容易破碎，为了保护作品，禁止触摸，mustn’t符合语境。 4．He ________ know the secret. I haven’t told anyone about it. A．might B．needn’t C．can’t D．mustn’t 【答案】C 【详解】句意：他不可能知道这个秘密。我没告诉任何人关于它的事。 might可能；needn’t不必；can’t不可能；mustn’t禁止。根据后句“I haven’t told anyone about it.”可知我没告诉任何人，推测他不可能知道这个秘密，表示否定推测用 can’t。故选C。 5．—________ we clean the classroom together after the afternoon class? —Good idea! Teamwork can make the work much easier and faster. A．Shall B．Must C．May D．Can 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——下午课后我们一起打扫教室好吗？——好主意！团队合作能让工作变得更轻松更快。 Shall将要/好吗；Must必须；May可以/可能；Can能/可以。根据答语“Good idea!”可知，上句是提出建议。“Shall we...?”是常用句型，用来征求对方意见或提出建议。 考点2 系动词 6．There ________ a book and three pens on the desk. A．is B．are C．was D．be 【答案】A 【详解】句意：桌子上有一本书和三支钢笔。 there be句型遵循“就近原则”，be动词形式由离它最近的名词决定；空后a book为单数，排除are、be；本句描述常态，用一般现在时，排除was，故填is。 7．There ________ more than 30,000 people at the Changchun Marathon in May 2026. A．is B．are C．was D．were 【答案】D 【详解】句意：2026年5月的长春马拉松赛事上有超过3万人。 根据时间状语“in May”可知，事件发生在过去，用一般过去时，排除A、B；主语“more than 30,000 people”为复数，be动词应用were。 8．My mother often makes orange juice at home. It is fresh and natural, so it ________ much better than the drinks in the shop. A．sounds B．drives C．feels D．tastes 【答案】D 【详解】句意：我妈妈经常在家做橙汁。它是新鲜且天然的，所以它尝起来比店里的饮料好得多。 sounds听起来；drives驾驶；feels摸起来；tastes尝起来。根据“My mother often makes orange juice at home.”及“fresh and natural”可知，此处是在描述橙汁的味道，应用tastes。 9．One thousand kilometers ________ quite a long way to the ancients, but now we can complete the journey in one hour by air. A．was B．were C．is D．are 【答案】A 【详解】句意：一千公里对古代人来说算是相当长的一段路，但现在我们乘飞机一小时就能完成这段旅程。 was一般过去时，单数形式；were一般过去时，复数形式；is一般现在时，单数形式；are一般现在时，复数形式。主语“One thousand kilometers”表示距离，视为单数。根据“to the ancient”可知，此处描述过去的情况，应用一般过去时，应填was。 10．Guanyun Hot Noodles ________ so delicious that visitors from all over Jiangsu come to have a try. A．sounds B．tastes C．smells D．looks 【答案】B 【详解】句意：灌云热面尝起来如此美味，以至于来自江苏各地的游客都来品尝。 sounds 听起来；tastes 尝起来；smells 闻起来；looks 看起来。根据主语The Guanyun Hot Noodles是食物，且后文提到come to have a try前来品尝，可知此处指味道尝起来美味，tastes符合该语境逻辑，其他选项均不符合，应选tastes。 考点3 助动词 11．—Do you have a pen? —Yes, I ________. And it’s black. A．do B．don’t C．am D．am not 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——你有一支钢笔吗？——是的，我有。并且它是黑色的。 考查一般疑问句的简略回答。do助动词，表示“有/做”；don’t不，没有；am是；am not不是。问句“Do you have a pen?”是一般现在时的一般疑问句，主语为“you”，助动词为“do”。肯定回答应为“Yes, I do.”，否定回答为“No, I don’t。”根据答语后半句“And it’s black.”可知，此处是肯定回答，且需用助动词“do”替代动词“have”。故选A。 12．—______ he go to school by bike every day? —Yes, he does. A．Do B．Does C．Did D．Will 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——他每天骑自行车上学吗？——是的，他骑车。 考查一般疑问句。题干中“he”为第三人称单数，“every day”表示经常性动作，需用一般现在时，疑问句需用助动词Does。故选B。 13．—He hardly watches TV on school nights, ________? —No, he devotes all his time to his studies. A．does he B．doesn’t he C．is he D．isn’t he 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——他在上学期间的晚上几乎不看电视，是吗？——不，他不看，他把所有时间都投入到了学习中。 考查反意疑问句。根据“He hardly watches TV…”可知，hardly意为“几乎不”，是否定词，反意疑问句部分应用肯定形式，排除B、D。谓语动词watches是实义动词，且主语he是第三人称单数，故助动词用does，排除C。故选A。 14．They have to help people do the health check for a whole day, ________? A．don’t they B．haven’t they C．do they D．have they 【答案】A 【详解】句意：他们必须一整天帮助人们做健康检查，不是吗？ 考查反意疑问句。陈述部分“They have to help people do the health check for a whole day,”是肯定句，所以反义疑问部分要用否定形式；have to是一个半助动词短语，在构成反意疑问句时，需要借助助动词do；因为句子的主语是they，时态为一般现在时，所以反意疑问部分应为don’t they。故选A。 15．—I don’t like short videos on social media. —________. Watching them is a waste of time. A．So do I B．So will I C．Neither do I D．Neither will I 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——我不喜欢社交媒体上的短视频。——我也不喜欢。看它们是浪费时间。 考查倒装句。根据“I don’t like short videos on social media.”以及“Watching them is a waste of time”可知，此处观点和对方说的观点一样，而第一个句子为否定句，所以使用“Neither+助动词/情态动词/be动词+主语”结构，表示“和对方一样也不……”，此处时态为一般现在时，应使用“Neither do I”。故选C。 【高中考点聚焦】 课标解读 1. 情态动词：课标要求在语境中掌握can/could、may/might、must/have to、should/ought to、need等；重点理解并运用能力、许可、义务、推测四类核心情态意义；熟练掌握情态动词 + have done（对过去推测 / 虚拟 / 责备），并能在交际与写作中准确表达语气、态度与情感。 2. 系动词：掌握be、感官系动词（look/sound/feel 等）、变化类（become/get/turn）、持续类（keep/stay）；核心是熟练运用主系表结构，明确系动词无被动、无进行时；能辨析易混系动词，在语境中准确描述主语身份、性质、状态与变化。 3. 助动词：掌握be、do、have、will/shall的语法功能，用于构成时态、语态、否定、疑问；区分助动词与实义动词；掌握其在倒装、强调、省略句式中的用法，能在语篇中识别并运用助动词构建正确句式、理解长难句。 考点清单 　 Part one 情态动词 1．情态动词的基本用法 (1)can/could：表示能力、请求、可能性。相关的特殊句型有：can not...too.../enough再怎么……也不过分；can’t help but do不得不做…… The smallest good habits can make a big difference. 最小的好习惯会产生很大的作用。 You can’t be too careful while driving. 你开车时越小心越好。 (2)may/might：表示较小的可能性。相关句型或搭配：may/might as well do表示“还是……好，最好……”。 If you forgot to turn it off when you went away, you might burn down the house. 当你离开时如果忘记关掉它，你可能把整个房子都烧毁的。 Since it is raining hard, you may as well stay here. 既然雨下得这么大，你倒不如待在这儿。 (3)must表示非常肯定的推测；表示与说话人意愿相反或不耐烦等感情色彩，意为“偏要，非要……不可”；表示“必须”。mustn’t意为“禁止”，表示“不必”应用needn’t。 Men and women must be treated equally in education and employment. 在教育和就业方面，男性和女性必须被平等对待。 He thought that Joe must be dead, but he didn’t want to leave immediately. 他以为乔一定死了，但是他不想立刻就离开。 Must you make so loud noise? 你非得弄出这么大声吗？ (4)shall的用法：①用于第二、三人称的陈述句中，表命令、警告、许诺或威胁等，语气强于should。②用于第一、三人称的疑问句中，表示征询意见，肯定回答应用must，否定回答应用needn’t或don’t have to。 I promised he shall get a present for his birthday. 我许诺给他一件生日礼物。 Shall I tell Brett to come over straight after school tomorrow? 要我告诉布雷特明天放学以后直接过来吗？ (5)should/ought to ①表示责任、义务、劝告、建议等，意为“应该”。 (陕西卷)Why shouldn’t we buy the lady a flower？It will make her feel better. 为什么我们不给那位女士买一朵花呢？这会让她感觉好一些。 ②should表示出乎意料的口气，意为“竟然；居然”。 It is quite surprising that he should speak to you like that. 他竟然那样对你说话，真是令人惊讶。 ③should和ought to表示推测，指预期的可能性，意为“应该，估计”。 He ought to/should be here on time—he started early enough.　 他应该按时到这里了——他很早就出发了。 2．“情态动词＋have done”的用法 (1)must have done“一定做过了某事”，表示对过去事情有把握的推测。 (2)could/can have done“本能做某事(而实际上未做)”，can’t/couldn’t have done“(过去)不可能做过某事”。 (3)may/might have done“(过去)有可能做过某事”。 (4)should/ought to have done“本该做某事而没做”。 (5)needn’t have done“本不必做某事(而实际上做了)”。 The boy might have known the truth, but I am not quite sure. 那个男孩(当时)也许知道了真相，但我不是很确定。 George can’t have gone too far.His coffee is still warm.　乔治一定没走远，他的咖啡仍旧热呢。 “情态动词＋have＋过去分词 ”结构是难点和重点，记住以下最常考查的结构： （1）must have done “过去一定做了某事” （2）can’t/couldn’t have done “过去不可能做了某事” （3）may/might have done “过去可 能做了某事” （4）needn’t have done “过去本来没有必要做而做了某事” （5）could have done “过去本来能够做某事而没有做” （6）should/ought to have done “过去本来应该做某事而没有做 ” （7）shouldn’t/oughtn’t to have done “过去本来不应该做某事而做了” Part two 系动词 系动词又称连系动词，其后常接形容词或名词等作表语。 注意：系动词只能有主动语态，不能有被动语态，多数不能用于进行时态。系动词有一定意义，它们要与其后作表语的形容词、名词或介词（短语）一起构成合成谓语。常见的系动词如下： 种类 用法  举例 be动词 is,am,are,was,were I am a math teacher.我是数学老师。 表感官 look（看起来），smell（闻起来）， taste（尝起来），sound（听起来）， feel（摸起来，感觉） Lucy looks happy today. 今天露西看起来很开心。 The music sounds beautiful. 这音乐听起来很优美。 表变化 become，get，turn（十颜色）， g o ( + b a d食物变质）， g r o w ( + tall , o l d ) , f a l l ( + i 1 1, sick , asleep) The trees turn green in spring.春天树变绿了。 Food goes bad easily in hot weather. 炎热的天气里，食物容易变质。 I didn't fall asleep until midnight yesterday. 昨天直到半夜我才睡着。 保持，保留 keep,stay,remain We all remained／stayed／kept silent. 我们都保持沉默。 似乎，好像 seem He seemed very sad yesterday. 昨天，他似乎很伤心。 Part three 助动词 助动词没有任何含义，不能单独作谓语，只能和实义动词一起构成谓语，帮助行为动词组成各种时态、语态、语气以及疑问或否定形式及部分倒装。常见的助动词有be，do，does，did，have等，具体用法如下： 种类 用法  举例 be 构成各种进行时态 It was raining all day yesterday. 昨天下了一天雨。 构成被动语态 The meeting was held yesterday afternoon. 这个会议是昨天下午召开的 与不定式连用表示按计划、预先安排或规定要发生的动作 They are to see an English film this evening. 他们今晚要看一场英语电影。 do do的过去式是did；第三人称单数是does；do，did，does用于构成疑问式或否定式 Does he think so？他这么认为吗？ 在动词前加上do，does，did表示强调，意为“的确，确实” They do study hard.他们确实学习努力。 have have的过去式是had；第三人称单数是has；have，has，had均可与动词的过去分词一起构成完成时态 He has lived here for three years. 他已经住在这里三年了。 1．助动词do/does/did主要帮助构成疑问句、否定句及部分倒装。助动词do/does/did后只能跟动词原形，助动词不能用作实义动词。 2．助动词be/being/been主要帮助构成进行时、完成进行时和各种被动语态。需注意be虽然没有实际意义，但却是结构中不可缺少的。 3．助动词have/has/had主要是帮助构成完成时态和完成进行时态。需注意其构成形式have/has/had done和have/has/had been doing。 [助记] 助动词，用法怪；只当佐料不当菜。 句型变换显身手；常与时态谈恋爱。 have完成be进行，will将来三大块。 加上各自过去式，总共构成六时态。 否定疑问靠它们，过去did，do现在。 一般现在和过去，没有助动也无碍。 第三人单用does，否定疑问照常变。 一、语法填空 1．Why you always interrupt me when I am doing my homework? (用适当的词填空) 【答案】must 【详解】句意：为什么我做作业的时候你总是要打断我？句子强调对方在自己做作业这个特定时间总是打断自己这一行为，带有一种抱怨的语气，应用情态动词must表示“偏偏、非得”，用来表达说话人对对方反复做某事的厌烦情绪。 2．The medicine be on the way to be tested, but I’m not sure. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】may/might 【详解】句意：这种药可能正在被送去测试，但我不确定。根据句意可知，此处表示“推测”，且根据后文“I’m not sure”，此处表示不太确定的推测，故应用情态动词may/might“可能”。 3．I love the weekend, because I get up early to go to school. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】needn’t 【详解】句意：我喜欢周末，因为我不必早起去上学了。表示“不必”用情态动词needn’t。 4．Mr. Smith is on time for everything. How it be that he was late for the important meeting? (用适当的词填空) 【答案】can/could 【详解】句意：史密斯先生做什么事都准时。他怎么可能在重要会议上迟到了呢？“How can/could it be that...” 是常用句型，表示“怎么可能……”，用于表达对已发生事情的惊讶或难以置信。其中“can”和“could”均可表示可能性，“could”语气稍显委婉或更强调惊讶程度。 5．Cars be parked in front of the entrance to the supermarket. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】mustn’t 【详解】句意：汽车禁止停放在超市入口前。根据常识，超市入口前通常不允许停车，表示“禁止”用情态动词“mustn’t”，后接动词原形“be parked”构成被动语态。 6．He is a bad­tempered man, but he be quite kind and patient sometimes. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】can 【详解】句意：他是个脾气暴躁的人，但有时也会很友善、很有耐心。根据“sometimes”可知，此处表示客观上的可能性，即“有时确实会/有时会”，can可以用于肯定句中表示理论上的可能性或偶然发生的情况。 7．Look at the dark clouds. It rain this afternoon. You’d better take an umbrella.（填入恰当的情态动词）. 【答案】may/might 【详解】句意：看那些乌云。今天下午可能会下雨。你最好带上雨伞。Look at the dark clouds(看那些乌云)是推测依据，但乌云仅代表有下雨的可能，并非必然下雨，故用情态动词may/might。 8．We have helped him; in that case, he would have been able to finish the work. (选择恰当的情态动词填空can/should) (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】should 【详解】句意：我们本应该帮助他的；那样的话，他就能完成这项工作了。should have done表示“本应该做某事（而实际上没做）”，根据后半句“他就能完成这项工作了”可知实际没帮他，符合语境。 9．When you cross the street, you be careful of the passing cars. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】must 【详解】考查情态动词。 句意：过马路时，你必须小心过往的车辆。 根据“When you cross the street(当你过马路)”所提示的语境，这是在提醒过马路必须小心，情态动词must意为“必须”，其后可以接be动词原形，符合题干要求。故填must。 10．Jack set out at seven in the morning; he be here now. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】should 【详解】考查情态动词。句意：杰克早上七点出发；他现在应该到了。根据前句“Jack set out at seven in the morning”可知，杰克出发时间较早，结合语境，此处表示按道理或预期应当发生的情况。故填should。 11．You have told him the truth; it made him so sad. (用适当的情态动词填空) 【答案】shouldn’t 【详解】考查情态动词。句意：你不应该告诉他真相；这让他很伤心。由it made him so sad可知，此处表示“本不应该告诉他真相”，shouldn’t have done意为“本不应该做某事”，故填shouldn’t。 12．She have earned a lot of money, for she bought a second new car yesterday. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】must 【详解】考查情态动词表推测。句意：她一定挣了很多钱，因为她昨天又买了一辆新车。解析：根据“for she bought a second new car yesterday”（因为她昨天又买了一辆新车）可知，这是基于她买车这一事实对她挣钱情况的肯定推测。must have done表示对过去事情的肯定推测，意为“一定做过某事” ，must在句中表达这种强烈的肯定推测语气。故填must。 13．She didn’t come to school yesterday. she have been ill? (用适当的词填空) 【答案】Can 【详解】考查情态动词。句意：她昨天没来上学。她可能是生病了吗？根据“She didn’t come to school yesterday.”可知，此处表示对过去事实可能性的推测，需用can have done，句首字母需大写。故填Can。 14．I haven’t seen her for weeks. She have gone on holiday. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】may/might 【详解】考查情态动词。句意：我已经好几个星期没见到她了。她可能去度假了。根据“I haven’t seen her for weeks”可知，说话者已经好几个星期没见到她了，所以推测她“可能”去度假了，表示对过去情况不太确定的推测，应该用“may/might have done”结构，故填may/might。 15．The ground is wet. It have rained last night. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】must 【详解】考查情态动词。句意：路是湿的。昨晚一定下雨了。根据The road is wet.和have rained可知，此处表示对过去事实的肯定推测，需用must have done。故填must。 16．The water (feel) cool when I jumped into the pool for morning exercise. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】felt 【详解】考查时态。句意：当我跳进游泳池晨练时，水感觉很凉。根据句意和句中“jumped”可知，句子陈述的是过去发生的事，应用一般过去时，“feel”意为“感觉”，为感官动词，用主动形式表示被动含义，“feel”的过去式为“felt”。故填felt。 17．China’s deadliest earthquake in recent years (be)a 7.9 magnitude quake in 2008 that killed nearly 90, 000 people in Sichuan. （所给词的适当形式填空） 【答案】was 【详解】考查系动词。句意：中国近年来死亡人数最多的地震是2008年发生的7.9级地震，导致四川近9万人丧生。分析句子可知，空处是系动词，表示“是”；该地震发生在过去，故用一般过去时；由主语earthquake可知be用单数形式；故填was。 18．This sort of roast meat is a local super food and it （taste）delicious. （所给词的适当形式填空） 【答案】tastes 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：这种烤肉是当地的超级食物，它尝起来很美味。分析句子可知，taste是谓语动词，由上文的is可知，用一般现在时，主语it是第三人称单数，谓语动词用单数，且taste是系动词，无被动式，故填tastes。 19．It had white-painted tunnels and bright red carriages, and （prove）extremely popular with the public. （所给词的适当形式填空） 【答案】proved 【详解】考查系动词。句意：它有刷成白色的管道和亮红色的车厢，证明是在大众中特别受欢迎的。根据空格后面的形容词popular和给出的提示词，可知此处prove作系动词，“证明是、原来是、结果是”，根据前句时态一般过去时，故填proved。 20．This material （feel）soft and may be used to make underwear. （所给词的适当形式填空） 【答案】feels 【详解】考查时态。句意：这种料子摸起来很软，可以用来做内衣。此处的feel是感官系动词，摸起来柔软是客观事实，用一般现在时，主语是单数，谓语动词用单数。故填feels。 21．Do I have to take this medicine? It (taste) so terrible. (所给词的适当形式填空） 【答案】tastes 【详解】考查感官动词和时态。句意：我非得要吃这个药么？它尝起来太苦了。taste表示“尝起来”是感官动词，没有被动语态，根据前面的Do判断用一般现在时，主语是It，谓语动词用第三人称单数，故填tastes。 22．Neither my parents nor my younger sister (be) at home today. (所给词的适当形式填空） 【答案】is 【详解】考查主谓一致。句意：我父母和我妹妹今天都不在家。由句中使用neither ...nor(既不……也不)连接两个主语可知，主谓一致应遵循“就近原则”，即和较近的主语保持一致，就近的主语“my sister”为单数，谓语动词用三单，根据时间状语today(今天)可知，时态为一般现在时，故填is。 23．Not only he speak correctly, but he also speaks easily. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】does 【详解】考查倒装。句意：他不仅讲得正确，而且讲得轻松自如。否定词not置于句首，句子应该用部分倒装，谓语动词是实义动词speak，且主语是he，应该用助动词does构成倒装。故填does。 24．How long you suppose it is since he arrived and began to work here? (用适当的词填空) 【答案】do 【详解】考查助动词。句意：你认为他到这里来工作有多久了？句子是特殊疑问句，应该用“特殊疑问词+一般疑问句”；根据下文的is可知， 应该用一般现在时；主语是you，应该助动词用do构成疑问句。故填do。 25．Not until then I realise words could be powerful in positive and negative ways. （用适当的词填空） 【答案】did 【详解】考查倒装句。句意：直到那时我才意识到语言可以在积极和消极方面具有强大的力量。not until位于句首时，主句要用部分倒装结构，即将助动词、情态动词或be动词提前。此处主句为一般过去时，需将助动词did提前。故填did。 26．The number of students of our school (be) increasing rapidly these years. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】is 【详解】考查动词时态，主谓一致。句意：近些年我校学生人数一直在迅速增长。分析句子，该句谓语动词increase使用现在进行时，主语number为单数形式，所给词助动词be 应使用单数形式is。故填is。 27．No sooner he arrived at the station than his friend left by train.（用适当的词填空） 【答案】had 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：他刚到车站，他的朋友就坐火车走了。no sooner…than…为固定句型，意为“一……就……”，no sooner后面的主句使用过去完成时，no sooner置于句首，使用部分倒装，空处需填助动词had。故填had。 28．As a result of destroying the for-ests, a large quantity of desert （have）covered the land. （所给词的适当形式填空） 【答案】has 【详解】考查助动词/主谓一致。句意：由于对森林的破坏，大量的沙漠覆盖了这片土地。分析句子可知，have为助动词，与covered一起构成谓语，结合语境可知，时态为现在完成时，a quantity of 后接不可数名词时，谓语动词用单数，所以助动词应用单数形式，故填has。 29．You not have bought the book. I have a copy for you. (用适当的情态动词填空) 【答案】needn’t 【详解】考查情态动词。句意：你本不必买这本书的。我有一份给你。由I have a copy for you可知，此处表示“你本不需要买这本书”，needn’t have done意为“本不需要做某事”，故填needn’t。 30．Using supercomputer, many labs are now conducting experiments that couldn’t (be) possible in the past.(所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】have been 【详解】考查情态动词。句意：许多实验室现在使用超级计算机进行过去不可能实现的实验。根据couldn’t和in the past可知，这里是对过去情况的否定推测，应用couldn’t have done，意思是“过去不可能……”。故填have been。 二、完成句子 31．Don’t scold him for his mistake again. Anybody ________ (都可能犯错误). （根据汉语提示完成句子） 【答案】can make mistakes 【详解】句意：别再因为他的错误责骂他了。任何人都可能犯错误。根据汉语提示“都可能犯错误”可知，设空处应用情态动词can表示客观上的可能性；表示“犯错误”用短语make mistakes。 32．If you ________________ (非要走的话), at least wait until the storm is over. (根据汉语提示完成句子) 【答案】must go 【详解】句意：如果你一定要去的话，至少要等到暴风雨过去之后再走。根据汉语提示可知可用must go，must表示“非要”，情态动词后跟动词原形。 33．She ________________ (一定累了) after such a long walk. (根据汉语提示完成句子) 【答案】must be tired 【详解】句意：经过这么长的步行，她肯定很累了。根据汉语提示可知用情态动词must，表示“累了”用be tired。 34．你不需要现在完成，你有三天的时间。 You ________________now; you have three days’ time. 【答案】needn’t finish it/don’t need to finish it 【详解】表示“不需要”可用needn’t do（此时need为情态动词）或don’t need to do（此时need为实义动词）；表示“完成”用finish it。 35．You________ (不必担心) the car any more, since I just had it repaired. (根据汉语提示完成句子) 【答案】don’t need to worry about/needn’t worry about 【详解】句意：你不必再担心这辆车了，因为我刚找人把它修好了。根据汉语意思提示可知，此处为need 两种否定用法。作实义动词：don’t need to do sth“不必做某事”，作情态动词：needn’t do sth“不必做某事”，后直接跟动词原形；表示“担心某物”应为固定搭配worry about sth。 36．Helen ________ nervous. 看起来很紧张。 【答案】looks 【详解】考查系动词。根据汉语提示“看起来”以及主语Helen可知，此处需填系动词looks，与形容词nervous构成系表结构。故填looks。 37．除此之外, 一些学生在网上受骗。 (“get+过去分词”构成的被动结构) Besides, some students ________ online. 【答案】get cheated 【详解】“受骗”用动词短语get cheated，是“get+过去分词”构成的被动结构；句子描述的是现在的一般性情况，谓语用一般现在时态，主语是复数名词，谓语用复数。 38．____________________（树上的叶子变绿了）when spring comes, which makes a beautiful scene. 【答案】The leaves on the trees turn green 【详解】考查一般现在时和系动词。句意：春天来了，树上的叶子变绿了，景色很美。分析句子可知，本句为when引导的时间状语从句，主句为一般现在时，主句的主语为The leaves on the trees，谓语为 turn green。故填The leaves on the trees turn green。 39．I _______ like being laughed at. 我不喜欢被人嘲笑。 【答案】don’t 【详解】考查助动词。句子陈述一般性事实，用一般现在时，谓语动词为like，且主语是I，因此用助动词do的否定形式don’t构成否定句。故填don’t。 40．Tom _______go to school today because he is ill. 汤姆今天没去上学， 因为他生病了。 【答案】doesn’t 【详解】考查一般现在时。根据英汉意思对比可知，此处为一般现在时的否定形式，主语为Tom，空处表示没有去上学，应用助动词doesn’t。故填doesn’t。 41．昨天Tom确实按时完成了作业。 Yesterday Tom ________________. 【答案】did finish his homework on time 【详解】考查助动词和固定短语。根据句意“确实按时完成了作业”可知，句子为一般过去时，句中应用“did”表示“确实”，强调语气，“finish his homework”表示“完成了作业”，“did”后接动词原形，“on time”表示“按时”，空格处应用“did finish his homework on time”，表示“确实按时完成了作业”。故填did finish his homework on time。 42．If you have any other questions, _______. 如果你还有其他问题，一定要告诉我。 【答案】do let me know 【详解】考查固定短语。根据句意“一定要告诉我”可知，句中涉及固定短语“let sb. do sth.”，意为“让某人做某事”，“let me know”表示“要告诉我”，前面用助动词“do”，用于加强语气，“do let me know”表示“一定要告诉我”。故填do let me know。 43．When _____________ (do) the bus start? 公共汽车什么时候开？(按时刻表) 【答案】does 【详解】考查时态。根据句意，询问公共汽车按时刻表开出的时间，需使用一般现在时。主语the bus是第三人称单数，助动词用does，故填does。 44．那么你如何着手完成那项计划呢？ So how do you ________________ accomplishing that plan? 【答案】go about 【详解】考查动词短语和情态动词用法。表示“着手做某事”应用动词短语go about doing。在助动词do后动词应用原形。故填go about。 45．谁都没有受伤，我深感欣慰。 I ________________ that nobody was hurt. 【答案】felt much relieved 【详解】考查动词和形容词。根据汉语提示并结合英文句子，设空处表示“深感欣慰”。relieved意为“感到宽慰的”，为形容词，常和连系动词feel连用，feel relieved that...意为“对……感到欣慰”。这里应用much修饰，强调“深”。故答案为felt much relieved。 三、语篇填空（情态动词、系动词、助动词专练） (A) Life is full of small challenges, and we ____1____be brave enough to face them. I ____2____ a middle school student now, and I often wonder what I ____3____ do when I meet difficulties. My teacher always tells us that we ____4____ never give up easily. When you feel tired, you ____5____ take a short rest first. It ____6____ normal to feel upset sometimes, but you ____7____ not stay in bad moods for too long. ____8____ you know how to cheer yourself up? If you have problems, you ____9____ ask your parents or teachers for help. They ____10____ always ready to listen to you. 【导读】本文围绕青少年直面生活挫折、自我调节成长的日常话题展开，语境贴合高中学生生活。全篇精准考查高中核心语法知识点，涵盖系动词be的时态与人称变化、can/may/should/must等高频情态动词表建议、要求、能力的用法，以及一般疑问句助动词do的基础用法，题型基础且典型，侧重夯实三类动词的语境运用能力。 1. should 考查情态动词用法：情态动词后必须接动词原形，此处 be 动词用原形。 2. am　考查系动词 be：一般现在时，主语为第一人称 I，对应 be 动词用 am。 3. can　考查情态动词：can 表示 “能够”，在句中表达能力。 4. must　考查情态动词：must 表示 “必须”，用于强调义务与态度。 5. may/can　考查情态动词：may/can 表示 “可以”，用于提出建议。 6. is　考查系动词 be：一般现在时，主语 it 为第三人称单数，be 动词用 is。 7. should　考查情态动词：should 表示 “应该”，should not 用于提出劝导、告诫。 8. Do　考查助动词：一般现在时的一般疑问句，主语为 you，谓语为实义动词，句首用助动词 Do。 9. can/should　考查情态动词：can 表 “可以”，should 表 “应该”，均可用于给出建议。 10. are　考查系动词 be：一般现在时，主语 they 为复数，be 动词用 are；be ready to do 为固定搭配。 (B) Everyone ____1____ different from others. We ____2____ respect everyone around us. You ____3____ not laugh at people who are in trouble. ____4____ your friend have any special hobbies? He ____5____ play the guitar very well, and he ____6____ also good at singing. We ____7____ learn from each other and make progress together. We ____8____ keep our promises if we make them. It ____9____ not hard to get along well with others. What ____10____ you do to get on with your classmates? 【导读】本文以人际交往、友善共处为主题，贴近高中生日常社交场景。聚焦高中基础语法考点，综合考查系动词be主谓一致、固定系动词搭配be good at，should/must/can等情态动词表义务、能力、规劝的用法，同时涵盖一般现在时疑问句式的助动词do/does运用，全面覆盖三类核心动词的高频考查场景，难度贴合高中基础语法训练要求。 1. is　考查系动词 be：一般现在时，主语 everyone 表单数概念，be 动词用 is。 2. must/should　考查情态动词：must/should 表示 “必须 / 应该”，用于阐述行为准则。 3. should/can　考查情态动词：should not 表 “不应该”，can not 表 “不能”，用于劝阻不当行为。 4. Does　考查助动词：一般现在时的一般疑问句，主语为第三人称单数，谓语为实义动词，句首用助动词 Does。 5. can　考查情态动词：can 表示 “擅长、能够”，描述个人能力。 6. is　考查系动词 be：固定搭配 be good at（擅长……），主语 he 为第三人称单数，be 动词用 is。 7. should/can　考查情态动词：should 表 “应该”，can 表 “可以”，表达倡导与可行做法。 8. must/should　考查情态动词：must/should 表示 “必须 / 应当”，强调恪守承诺的原则。 9. is　考查系动词 be：一般现在时，主语 it 为第三人称单数，be 动词用 is。 10. do/will　考查助动词 / 情态动词：do 作助动词，用于一般现在时特殊疑问句；will 为情态动词，表 “将会”，两种用法均符合语法规则。 一、语法填空 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1 个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。 Different countries have wildly different forms of greeting. In the USA, when you pass by someone you know, a nod is acceptable, and you usually shake hands with someone you first meet. But in Latin countries, a firm handshake 1 (consider) rude. In my home country, Mauritius, when people meet, they usually kiss each other 2 the cheeks. This is also common in France, 3 the act is called faire la bise. However, this is not 4 universal rule. During my first week in the USA, I kissed every single girl I met. My friends had to tell me that that was inappropriate, 5 (leave) me in great embarrassment. What is common here, however, is for friends 6 (hug) each other – something I was not used to. Hugs always make me 7 (frighten) because I don’t really like that. This may seem strange since even kissing 8 (stranger) is normal in my country. Now that I think about it, I hate cheek-kissing as well. Wouldn’t it be 9 (enjoy) to have a greeting code that is 10 (wide) acceptable? I’m not saying we should start doing that, but we can surely do something to avoid misunderstanding. 【答案】 1．is considered 2．on 3．where 4．a 5．leaving 6．to hug 7．frightened 8．strangers 9．enjoyable 10．widely 【分析】本文是记叙文。作者通过自己的亲身经历和例子讲述了不同的国家有非常不同的问候方式。 1．考查时态语态。句中主语a firm handshake和动词consider是被动关系，此处作谓语用被动语态。表示客观事实，与上下文一致用一般现在时。故填is considered。 2．考查介词。此处指亲吻对方的脸颊，在脸上用介词on。故填on。 3．考查定语从句。句中包含定语从句，先行词是France，在定语从句中作地点状语，用关系副词where引导，故填where。 4．考查冠词。句中rule是可数名词单数形式，此处表示一种普遍的规律，universal开头是辅音因素，故填a。 5．考查非谓语动词。句中已有谓语动词，此处用非谓语。前面句子与动词leave是主动关系，用现在分词作结果状语，故填leaving。 6．考查动词不定式。句中What is common here是主语从句，此处强调具体的动作用不定式作表语。故填to hug。 7．考查形容词。句意：拥抱总是让我很害怕，因为我不喜欢拥抱。修饰人用-ed结尾的形容词，故填frightened。 8．考查名词。stranger是单数可数名词，此处表示泛指用复数形式，故填strangers。 9．考查形容词。句意：有一个被广泛接受的问候代码不是很令人愉快吗?此处表示“令人愉快的”用形容词作表语，故填enjoyable。 10．考查副词。修饰形容词acceptable用副词，指广泛接受的，故填widely。 二、阅读理解 Four Interesting Festivals in 2026 The following events happening in 2026 will make you want to pack your bags and join the fun. Holi Festival Holi turns cities into a sea of rainbow colors. People throw handfuls of colored powder at friends, family, and total strangers, while music, dancing, and laughter fill the streets. The festival celebrates the arrival of spring and the success. It happens on March 3, 2026. Wear white clothes if you don’t mind getting dirty, and prepare to be covered head-to-toe in every color imaginable. Wife-Carrying World Championship Competitors race through a difficult course while carrying their wife. The course includes water hazards (障碍), and sand traps that test strength, speed, and teamwork. Winners receive their wife’s weight in beer. It happens on July 3 and 4, 2026. Despite the traditional name, any couple can compete, and the event attracts teams from around the world eager to prove their carrying skills and sense of humor. Monkey Buffet Festival Tables piled high with fruit, vegetables, and snacks are laid out for Lopburi’s famous monkeys in a yearly feast that is both generous and makes for great photos. Hundreds of monkeys rush to the spread, creating a wild feeding competition that delights photographers and tourists. Typically held in late November, the 2026 event doesn’t have fixed dates yet. Night of the Radishes (萝卜) Artists in Oaxaca spend hours carving oversized radishes into well-designed historical figures, and imaginary creatures, knowing their creations will dry out within a day. The time pressure makes the festival feel magical and short-lived, which is a special experience. It happens on December 23, 2026. It’s held yearly on the same date. Arrive early for the best views, because the detailed carvings are amazing but only last for a short time. 11．Which event requires both physical effort and teamwork? A．Holi Festival. B．Night of the Radishes. C．Monkey Buffet Festival. D．Wife-Carrying World Championship. 12．What can be inferred about the Monkey Buffet Festival? A．It follows a fixed schedule. B．Monkeys eat politely together. C．Its 2026 date remains uncertain. D．Tourists feed monkeys personally. 13．What makes the Night of the Radishes special? A．Artists use special tools. B．The art disappears quickly. C．It happens before Christmas. D．Carvings are sold for money. 【答案】11．D 12．C 13．B 【导语】文章主要介绍了2026年四个有趣的节日及其特色与时间安排。 【详解】11．细节理解题。根据Wife-Carrying World Championship部分中“Competitors race through a difficult course while carrying their wife. The course includes water hazards (障碍), and sand traps that test strength, speed, and teamwork. (参赛者们背着他们的妻子在一段艰难的赛道上比赛。赛道包括水域障碍和沙坑，考验着力量、速度和团队合作。)”可知，该活动需要体力和团队合作。 12．推理判断题。根据Monkey Buffet Festival部分中“Typically held in late November, the 2026 event doesn’t have fixed dates yet. (该活动通常在11月下旬举行，但2026年的具体日期尚未确定。)”可知，2026年的活动日期仍不确定。 13．细节理解题。根据Night of the Radishes (萝卜)部分中“Artists in Oaxaca spend hours carving oversized radishes into well-designed historical figures, and imaginary creatures, knowing their creations will dry out within a day. The time pressure makes the festival feel magical and short-lived, which is a special experience. (瓦哈卡的艺术家们花费数小时将巨大的萝卜雕刻成精心设计的历史人物和想象中的生物，他们知道自己的作品会在一天之内干枯。这种时间压力让这个节日充满魔力且短暂易逝，这是一种特别的体验。)”及“Arrive early for the best views, because the detailed carvings are amazing but only last for a short time. (尽早到场以获得最佳观赏效果，因为这些精美的雕刻虽然令人惊叹，但只能维持很短的时间。)”可知，该节日的特别之处在于艺术作品很快就会消失。 1 / 12 zxxk.com 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $