Unit 5 Looking into nature重难清单+强化训练（外研版）2025-2026学年下学期八年级英语期末单元复习重难清单+强化训练

2025-2026学年下学期八年级英语期末 单元复习重难清单+强化训练(外研版2024) Unit 5 Looking into nature 目录 第一部分 单元重难知识清单 核心词汇、重点短语、核心句式、语法要点、写作/阅读词句拓展、写作范文 第二部分 单元综合强化训练 单项选择、完形填空、阅读理解、语法填空、阅读表达、选词填空、完成句子、书面表达 ◇Part 01 单元重难知识清单 1.核心词汇 1.动词 unlock 解开；揭开 例句：We want to unlock secrets of nature. 我们想要揭开大自然的奥秘。 discover 发现；发觉 例句：Scientists discovered a new species in amber. 科学家在琥珀中发现了新物种。 prove 证明；证实 例句：The find proves ancient flowers grew here. 这一发现证明古代花卉曾在此生长。 change 改变；转变 例句：The discovery changed old beliefs. 这个发现推翻了旧有的观点。 explore 探索；探究 例句：Many people love to explore nature. 很多人热爱探索大自然。 believe 相信；认为 例句：People once believed dinosaurs looked like lizards. 人们曾经认为恐龙长得像蜥蜴。 understand 理解；明白 例句：Amber helps us understand life changes. 琥珀帮助我们了解生命的演变。 research 研究；调研 例句：He spent his life researching plants. 他毕生都在研究植物。 carry 坚持；开展；携带 例句：He carried on with his research after illness. 他病后依然坚持研究。 receive 收到；获得 例句：The professor received many science awards. 这位教授斩获多项科学奖项。 raise 提出；举起 例句：People raised questions about the planet. 人们针对这颗行星提出了质疑。 meet 遭遇；遇见 例句：Explorers often meet difficulties in wild areas. 探索者在野外常会遭遇困难。 explain 解释；说明 例句：Scientists try to explain nature’s secrets. 科学家努力解读大自然的奥秘。 awaken 唤起；唤醒 例句：Mysteries awaken our curiosity. 未解之谜唤起了我们的好奇心。 2.形容词/副词 ancient 古老的；远古的 例句：Amber keeps ancient creatures inside it. 琥珀封存着远古生物。 amazing 令人惊奇的；惊人的 例句：It is an amazing discovery in nature. 这是一项惊人的自然发现。 completely 完全地 例句：This is a completely new species. 这是一个全新的物种。 wild 野外的；野生的 例句：He worked in wild mountains and forests. 他在荒山野林里开展工作。 lifelong 毕生的；终身的 例句：He had a lifelong love of nature. 他一生都热爱大自然。 unlikely 不太可能的 例句：It is unlikely that the river is heated by the sun. 这条河不太可能是被太阳加热的。 2.核心短语 look into 观察；探索 例句：We look into nature and find its beauty. 我们探索大自然，发现它的美好。 secrets of nature 大自然的奥秘 例句：Amber helps us find secrets of nature. 琥珀帮我们探寻大自然的奥秘。 thanks to 多亏；由于 例句：Thanks to amber, we know dinosaurs had feathers. 多亏了琥珀，我们得知恐龙长有羽毛。 look like 看起来像 例句：People thought dinosaurs looked like lizards. 人们曾以为恐龙长得像蜥蜴。 over time 随着时间推移 例句：Many species changed over time. 许多物种随着时间发生了演变。 old beliefs 旧观念；固有看法 例句：The new finding broke old beliefs. 这项新发现打破了固有看法。 a window on the past 回望过往的窗口 例句：Amber is a window on the past. 琥珀是回望远古的窗口。 put effort into 付出努力 例句：We put effort into nature research. 我们为自然研究付出努力。 unlock secrets 揭开奥秘 例句：Science helps us unlock secrets. 科学帮助我们揭开奥秘。 solar system 太阳系 例句：Pluto is no longer a planet in the solar system. 冥王星不再是太阳系的行星。 clear things 清理障碍物 例句：A real planet can clear things in its way. 真正的行星能够清理轨道上的障碍物。 die out 灭绝；消失 例句：Scientists study why dinosaurs died out. 科学家研究恐龙灭绝的原因。 carry out 开展；执行 例句：He carried out plant research in wild areas. 他在野外开展植物研究。 field work 野外考察；实地工作 例句：Field work is hard but meaningful. 野外工作辛苦却意义非凡。 fall seriously ill 身患重病 例句：He fell seriously ill during field work. 他在野外考察时身患重病。 carry on with 坚持；继续 例句：She carried on with her study after difficulty. 遭遇困境后她仍坚持研究。 lose sight 失明 例句：He lost sight in his right eye when he was young. 他年少时右眼失明。 personal honour 个人荣誉 例句：The scientist never cared about personal honour. 这位科学家从不看重个人荣誉。 national natural science award 国家自然科学奖 例句：He won the national natural science award twice. 他两次斩获国家自然科学奖。 pass away 去世；离世 例句：The great scientist passed away at 96. 这位伟大的科学家96岁时与世长辞。 love of nature 对自然的热爱 例句：His lifelong love of nature moved everyone. 他对自然毕生的热爱打动了所有人。 boiling river 沸水河 例句：The boiling river is a wonder of the rainforest. 沸水河是雨林的一大奇观。 raise questions 提出疑问 例句：People raised questions about the strange river. 人们对这条奇特的河流提出疑问。 natural wonders 自然奇观 例句：The rainforest has many natural wonders. 这片雨林有诸多自然奇观。 possible reasons 可能的原因 例句：We discuss possible reasons for the mystery. 我们探讨这个谜团背后可能的原因。 3.核心句型） What do you know about these people? 你了解这些人吗？（询问人物信息） What secrets of nature do you know? 你知道哪些大自然的奥秘？（询问事物信息） For hundreds of years, people believed that dinosaurs looked like huge lizards. 数百年来，人们一直认为恐龙长得像巨型蜥蜴。 Scientists now know that this idea is wrong. 如今科学家知道这个观点是错误的。 They can tell us whether dinosaurs had feathers. 它们能告诉我们恐龙是否长有羽毛。 It proves that it lived here 35 million years ago. 这证明它在3500万年前曾在此生存。 We should put more effort into research. 我们应该在研究上投入更多精力。 I'm not sure if scientists will find the answer. 我不确定科学家能否找到答案。 John told his parents that he wanted to be a scientist. 约翰告诉父母他想成为一名科学家。 Emily wants to know whether Mr Brown likes insects or birds. 埃米莉想知道布朗先生喜欢昆虫还是鸟类。 I don't know if this is a mistake. 我不知道这是不是一个失误。 People thought that there were nine planets in the past. 过去人们认为太阳系有九颗行星。 Scientists agreed that there are eight true planets now. 如今科学家一致认为有八颗真正的行星。 People often wonder if the whales are singing. 人们常常好奇鲸鱼是否在鸣叫。 Scientists have discovered that whales make special sounds. 科学家发现鲸鱼会发出特殊的声音。 It is unlikely for the sun to heat the river that much. 太阳不太可能把这条河加热到这种程度。 Perhaps the river passes a volcano. 或许这条河流经一座火山。 It's one of the greatest wonders of the rainforest. 它是雨林中最奇妙的景观之一。 He spent over 70 years exploring plants across China. 他花费七十余年走遍中国研究植物。 Though he was ill, he never stopped his research. 尽管身患疾病，他从未停止研究。 4.单元语法：宾语从句（that / if / whether 引导）用法 本单元核心语法为由that、if、whether引导的宾语从句，是期末考查重点，用法精简总结如下： that引导的宾语从句 用法：从句为陈述语序，表达肯定的观点、事实、想法；that无实际含义，口语/非正式书写中可省略。 常用主句动词：believe, know, think, find, discover, agree, tell 等。 例句：I think (that) amber is amazing. （我认为琥珀很神奇。） if / whether引导的宾语从句 用法：从句为陈述语序，表达疑问含义，译作“是否”；二者多数情况下可互换。 常用主句动词/短语：know, wonder, find out, want to know, be not sure 等。 区分小要点：介词后、or not 前，只能用whether，不能用if。 例句：I wonder whether he will come or not.（我想知道他是否会来。） 通用规则 语序：所有宾语从句必须使用陈述语序（主语在前，谓语在后），不能用疑问语序。 时态：主句为一般现在时，从句时态根据实际语境灵活变化；主句为一般过去时，从句通常改为对应过去时态。 5.阅读/写作必备词句 1.常见短语 nature exploration 自然探索 unknown species 未知物种 scientific discovery 科学发现 exploration spirit 探索精神 face challenges 直面挑战 stick to research 坚持研究 gain new knowledge 获取新知识 natural mystery 自然谜团 lifelong devotion 毕生奉献 wild environment 野外环境 make great achievements 取得巨大成就 break old ideas 打破旧观念 learn from explorers 向探索者学习 carry on exploration 继续探索 amazing phenomenon 奇特现象 2.高频句式 An amazing discovery has changed people’s ideas. 一项惊人的发现改变了人们的看法。 The explorer devoted all his life to studying nature. 这位探索者毕生致力于研究自然。 This discovery helps us understand nature better. 这项发现让我们更好地了解自然。 We should learn the spirit of never giving up. 我们要学习永不放弃的精神。 Thanks to hard work, people unlocked the secret at last. 凭借不懈努力，人们最终揭开了奥秘。 6.写作范文 （主题：自然探索者/自然探索发现，适配单元写作要求） Amber is a special golden stone, and it brings us an amazing discovery about nature. Hundreds of years ago, people believed that all dinosaurs looked like huge lizards. However, scientists found a piece of amber from Southeast Asia. It kept the tail of a dinosaur with feathers inside. This great discovery changed people’s old beliefs. It proves that dinosaurs had feathers long ago. Besides, more than 300 unknown species have been discovered in different amber pieces. All these findings show us that amber is really a wonderful window on the past. To get these results, scientists put plenty of effort into research. They kept exploring and never gave up when they met difficulties. From them, I learn that nature is full of secrets. If we are curious and keep exploring, we will unlock more secrets of nature one day. 译文： 琥珀是一种奇特的金色晶石，它为我们带来了一项关于大自然的惊人发现。 数百年前，人们认为所有恐龙都长得像巨型蜥蜴。然而，科学家在东南亚发现了一块琥珀，里面封存着一只长有羽毛的恐龙尾巴。这项伟大的发现推翻了人们的旧观念，也证明了恐龙在远古时期就长有羽毛。除此之外，人们在不同的琥珀中发现了三百多种未知物种。这些发现都说明，琥珀确实是回望远古的绝佳窗口。 为了取得这些成果，科学家们在研究中付出了诸多努力。遭遇困难时，他们坚持探索、从未放弃。从中我明白了，大自然藏着无数奥秘。只要我们保持好奇心、坚持探索，终有一天会揭开更多自然的秘密。 ◇Part 02 单元综合检测试卷 Unit 5 单元综合检测试题 一、单项选择 1．She ________ her grandmother when her parents were out. A．looked for B．looked after C．looked at D．looked up 2．—Do you know ________ red stands for good luck in China?     —Sure. A．who B．when C．what D．that 3．My brother asked me ________ I had finished my English homework. A．that B．if C．what D．where 4．Many people are ________ the lost child in the forest. A．looking for B．looking after C．looking at D．looking up 5．We haven’t decided ________ to invite a botanist to give us a talk about Wang Wencai. A．where B．that C．whether D．if 6．—Can you tell me ________ the movable-type printing was invented? —In the Song Dynasty. A．when B．where C．who D．how 7．________ learn more, we often read books about nature. A．To B．For C．At D．With 8．We should do something ________ the natural world. A．protect B．protecting C．to protect D．protected 9．—________ you tell me more about the Amazon rainforest? —Sure. You ________ read this book to get more details. A．Could; should B．Should; must C．Must; should D．Could; mustn’t 10．There is ______ any water in the bottle. Could you give me some? A．hardly B．hard C．heavily D．highly 11．The invention of the computer is a remarkable ________ in human history. A．achievement B．condition C．situation D．population 12．Does this blue schoolbag ______ the girl in a red skirt? A．believe in B．depend on C．belong to D．look for 13．The Great Wall is a famous ______ in China, and millions of people visit it every year. A．sight B．sound C．taste D．smell 14．If you ________ working hard, you will achieve your dream one day. A．carry on B．give up C．run out D．cut down 15．He was so tired that he could ______ walk any further. A．almost B．always C．hardly D．often 16．Through years of hard work, she had enough ________ to start her own business and achieve her dream. A．health B．curiosity C．wealth D．pressure 17．—Is there _______ in the library now? —No, it’s empty. A．somebody B．anybody C．nobody D．everybody 18．Reading books can help us _______ the secrets of the world. A．cover B．unlock C．invent D．create 19．Before handing in your report about nature, please ________ your data again to avoid mistakes. A．check B．copy C．find D．share 20．—Have you ________ the singer who is singing? —No, I haven’t. Is she famous? A．cleaned up B．looked forward to C．heard of D．thrown away 二、完形填空 Asha looked out of the window on the plane. What a 21 ! The buildings were so tall. The city was large, much larger than her small town. Asha was on vacation in New York City. She was very 22 as she had always wanted to come since she was young. She read stories about it and studied its 23 . She knew how the island of Manhattan was bought from native Americans 300 years ago. She 24 knew people from all over the world came to live here. These people, like Asha, 25 a new life in New York. In New York Asha wanted to do three things. First, she wanted to look for a job. Next, she would find a place to live. She knew it was expensive to live in New York and that finding a good place to live was 26 . And the third thing she wanted to do was to 27 her English. She had studied English for 12 years but didn’t know 28 she could understand “real” English. Before leaving, her friends told her that New York was a 29 place. But Asha wasn’t worried. She had studied New York carefully. She believed she would be safe. 30 Asha saw the Statue of Liberty! The plane flew around it, and then began to slow down. Soon Asha was on the ground, getting ready to leave plane—to greet her future. 21．A．sight B．day C．mess D．plane 22．A．afraid B．sad C．excited D．relaxed 23．A．weather B．history C．population D．education 24．A．ever B．also C．only D．still 25．A．asked for B．came up with C．dreamed of D．found out 26．A．necessary B．proper C．easy D．hard 27．A．learn B．revise C．teach D．practise 28．A．why B．how C．if D．when 29．A．safe B．dangerous C．small D．large 30．A．In a hurry B．From then on C．All of a sudden D．Once again 三、阅读理解 A Welcome to Space Tour! Visit space with us! It’s a five-day simulated (模拟) space holiday! Day 1 Your holiday starts at SpacePort. When you arrive, we prepare you for your trip into space. We show you how to live with no gravity (重力) . Just imagine it! You float (漂浮) in the air, your money floats out of your pocket and your hair floats away from your head!Day 2 to 5 You get on SpaceJet at 9:00 am on Day 2. About ten minutes later, you are in space! First, you get to SpacePod, our five-star space hotel! You have meals there. Then, you begin to experience life in space. ﹡Enjoy looking at the stars from our huge windows. They are very beautiful.     ﹡Take a spacewalk! Don’t forget your camera! ﹡Go to the water room for a new experience! It’s full of floating drops of water. You can hit them or play with them. ﹡Use our low-gravity football room! Imagine playing space football! The ball goes up and you can fly after it! You get back into SpaceJet at 5:00 pm on Day 5. After a short journey, you will land safely on Earth. Price: Children   $485/person    Adults    $635/person For more information, please call Jim at 365-8743. Believe me! It’s an experience of a lifetime. 31．On which day do visitors go into space? A．Day 1. B．Day 2. C．Day 3. D．Day 4. 32．What is SpacePod? A．A water room. B．A game room. C．A spaceship. D．A hotel. 33．What can visitors do in space? ①play football        ②Look at the stars        ③Take a spacewalk  ④Fly a kite A．①②③ B．①②④ C．①③④ D．②③④ 34．If Linda goes on the space tour with her 10-year-old son, how much should they pay? A．$970 B．$1, 120 C．$1, 270 D．$1, 350 35．The passage is probably from a ________. A．report B．dictionary C．newspaper D．storybook B From red apples and yellow lemons to blueberries and green melons, fruits come in different colors. Why do different kinds of fruits have so many colors? According to an expert from the Chinese Academy of Sciences, fruit colors actually come from their different pigments (色素), such as red or yellow carotenoids and blue or purple anthocyanins. These pigments appear in different amounts, depending on the fruit’s environment. This causes the fruit to turn a certain color. To find out how the environment affects fruit colors, Chinese scientists studied a lot of different fruit colors, including white, red, blue, purple and black. They found that red fruits tend to grow in cooler places. And instead of just growing in one place, you can find them growing in many places around the world. Blue and purple fruits mostly grow in warm places. The fruits tend to grow a lot in just one specific area. The scientists also found that the closer the fruit is to the equator, the darker its color will be. Animals also have an impact on the evolution of fruit colors. Animals eat fruits and drop the seeds in other places later. This helps the fruits spread and grow in different places. Therefore, in order to attract animals, some fruits develop colors that are easy for animals to see. However, animals see colors in a different way. Fruits need to develop colors that are suited to animals’ visual ability. For example, birds can see red more easily than humans can. Therefore, there will be more red fruits in areas where birds live. The lemurs (狐猴) of Madagascar are red-green color-blind. Most yellow fruits can be found in their habitats, as they can easily see this color. 36．Where do fruit colors come from according to the expert from the Chinese Academy of Sciences? A．Different kinds of fruits B．Different pigments in fruits C．Different growing environments D．Different animals eating fruits 37．What does Paragraph 4 mainly tell us? A．The colors of fruits change as the environment changes. B．The colors of blue and purple fruits near the equator are darker than in other places. C．There are different kinds of fruits in different places. D．It’s good to eat fruits of different colors. 38．What does the underlined word “evolution” mean in the fifth paragraph? A．The plan that can make something go on. B．The way that makes something else better. C．The gradual development that suits changes. D．The place where animals or plants can grow fast. 39．What do we know from the passage? A．Cool places are better for blue and purple fruits. B．Carotenoids are blue or purple. C．Some fruits develop colors to attract animals. D．Lemurs like yellow fruits better than red fruits. 40．What is the best title for the passage? A．The use of different colors of fruits B．The secrets behind colors of fruits C．Animals and the colors of fruits D．Environment and the colors of fruits C When people think of wildfires, burning trees often come up. If you see a city burning while its trees remain standing, you might wonder if something unusual is happening. For weeks in January, large wildfires spread through Los Angeles. They destroyed a large number of homes and many people lost their lives. As pictures of the fires spread across the Internet, people noticed trees standing next to burned-out homes and cars. Some didn’t believe that a fire would leave trees untouched. “Is there a secret attack on L. A．homes?” they asked. The simple answer is no. As plenty of pictures and videos from Los Angeles show, trees can and do catch fire. But it’s true that some did not burn. Scientists say there is a simple explanation for that. It is all about moisture. “It’s quite easy to understand,” said Miranda Hart, a biology professor. “Trees are filled with thousands and thousands of liters (升) of water.” To be clear, trees do burn when fires are big and hot enough. But if a tree full of water is next to something very dry, the dry thing will burn first and even change the way of the fire. “In that way, you can imagine the fire just going around the tree if there’s enough ‘fuel’ on either side of it,” Prof. Hart added. In addition, the tree type also matters. Certain trees are more likely to catch fire. Deciduous trees (trees that lose their leaves every year), for example, are hard to burn. That’s because their leaves include more water. While for conifers—trees with needlelike (针状的) leaves, things are the opposite. In Los Angeles, palms (棕榈树) are everywhere. They’ve become a symbol of the city. But based on the research, palm trees are especially easy to spread fire because of their structure and type. So, to reduce fire risks, the local fire departments have advised against planting more palms. Without proper care, these trees can burn and spread rapidly during wildfires and endanger the people and objects nearby. 41．Some people had doubts about the wildfires in Los Angeles because ________. A．they have lasted much longer than usual B．hidden enemies attacked homes and cars C．some trees remained unchanged in the fires D．pictures of the fires spread across the Internet 42．The underlined word “moisture” in paragraph 4 probably means “________”. A．dry condition B．water content C．high heat D．cold temperature 43．新考向  How would a fire pass through a tree full of water and dry things according to Prof. Hart? ◯a tree full of water   a dry thing fire’s path A． B． C． D． 44．According to the passage, which type of tree is easier to catch fire? A．Trees with thin, narrow and hard leaves. B．Trees which drop their leaves every year. C．Trees with rich water in their broad leaves. D．Trees that are taller than the others around. D A tsunami is one of the most powerful and dangerous natural disasters. It is a series of huge ocean waves caused mainly by underwater earthquakes. When the ocean floor suddenly moves during a quake, it pushes a large amount of water upward, creating waves that travel across the ocean at very high speeds, as fast as a jet plane. Unlike normal waves, a tsunami wave is very long and low in the deep ocean, so ships might not even notice it passing underneath. However, as it approaches the coast and enters shallower water, the wave slows down but grows much taller, sometimes as high as a tall building. The word “tsunami” comes from Japanese, meaning “harbor wave”. Warning signs of a tsunami can include a strong or long-lasting earthquake near the coast, the ocean pulling back far from the shore very quickly (like a very low tide), or a loud roar from the ocean. If you see any of these signs, you must move to higher ground immediately. Do not wait for an official warning. Remember, the first wave may not be the largest, and tsunamis can last for hours. 45．What is the main cause of a tsunami? A．Strong winds over the ocean. B．Underwater earthquakes. C．Heavy rainfall on the sea. D．The high tide. 46．What happens to a tsunami wave as it gets close to the coast? A．It travels faster. B．It becomes longer and lower. C．It grows much taller. D．It disappears. 47．What does the underlined word “shallower” in Paragraph 2 mean? A．Deeper. B．Not deep. C．Warmer. D．Colder. 48．Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a warning sign of a tsunami? A．A strong earthquake near the coast. B．The ocean water pulling back quickly. C．A loud sound coming from the ocean. D．Dark clouds gathering in the sky. 49．What should you do if you see a possible tsunami warning sign? A．Go to the beach to watch. B．Wait for an official warning on TV. C．Move to higher ground at once. D．Get on a ship in the harbor. E 根据短文内容，从选项中选出能填入文中空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Nature is full of amazing secrets. 50 One of these secrets is a boiling river in the Amazon rainforest. The river is as hot as 100°C． Local people use the water for cooking and making medicine. 51 Scientists are still studying this river. 52 Others believe it is heated by a nearby volcano. However, the nearest volcano is too far away, so this is unlikely. 53 It awakens our curiosity and drives scientists to better understand the wonders of nature. 54 A．Some think there may be chemicals in the water that give off heat. B．This boiling river is one of the most amazing sights in the rainforest. C．The river is very dangerous for local people. D．They are waiting to be explained. E．Some people even swim in it, but only after checking the water temperature. F．We should never go near the boiling river. G．Every new discovery helps us learn more about the world around us. 四、完成句子 55．做这件事需要付出巨大的努力…… It ________ ________ ________ to... 56．我们已经有了许多发现。 We have ________ ________ ________. 57．这是在太空领域的一项重要成就。 It’s ________ ________ ________ in space. 58．研究表明，他们完全是一种全新的物种。 Research shows that they are ________ ________ ________ ________ . 59．了解自然有助于我们更好地保护它。 ________ ________ nature helps us protect it better. 60．这个公园是许多鸟类和动物的家园。 The park is ________ ________ many birds and animals. 61．我们应该尽我们最大的努力拯救濒危动物。 We should try our best to save animals ________ ________. 62．大自然为我们呈现出无数奇妙之处。 Nature presents us with ________ ________. 63．多亏了一块琥珀，科学家们现在知道这个观点是错误。 ________ ________ a piece of amber, scientists now know that this idea is wrong. 64．保护濒危动物的方法之一是建立更多的自然保护区。 One of the ways to protect endangered animals is to ________ ________ more nature reserves. 五、选词填空 用方框中所给单词的适当形式填空，使短文通顺、正确、连贯，每个单词限用一次。 one,  how,  useful,  they,  with the help of,  reply,  hardly,  could,  discover,  physics Nowadays, X-ray technology is widely used in medicine and other fields. X-rays were first 65 by a German scientist, Wilhelm Conrad Röntgen (1845—1923). He found 66 quite by accident in 1895. One day, he discovered that an unknown kind of radiation (放射线) could 67 pass through hard objects like bones. Later, he took a photo of his wife’s hand. It clearly showed her ring and her bones. That was the 68 X-ray photo in the world. Why is there an “X” in the word X-ray? It’s because Röntgen couldn’t explain exactly 69 it worked. He just knew that X-rays were new and 70 for science. In fact, X-rays soon became an important tool in medicine. 71 X-rays, doctors could see inside the human body for the first time without surgery (外科手术). Röntgen was awarded the first Nobel Prize in 72 in 1901 for his discovery. When he was asked what he was thinking at the moment of discovery, he 73 , “I thought nothing. I only researched.” He gave away his Nobel Prize money to his university. He never took out any patents (专利权) on X-rays, making sure that the world 74 freely make use of his discovery. 六、短文填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。 Long ago, people liked to find pretty stones. One kind of stone was called amber (琥珀). It looked like hard yellow honey. Sometimes a small bug was inside. One day, a man looked at a piece of amber. A tiny butterfly wing 75 (survive) inside it for a very long time. The wing was soft. It had small lines on it. The stone gave us plenty 76 facts about old times. 77 the stone was small, it told a big story. Butterflies were here long ago! After seeing this, scientists became very excited, and they wanted 78 (enter) the world of the past. Scientists said the amber should 79 (remain) in a museum, so everyone could see it. The stones could not tell their stories by 80 (them). People had to look at them with care. Of all the old stones, this one had the 81 (old) story about the butterfly. It was like 82 open door to the old world. The wing stayed in greatest 83 (safe) inside the gold stone. So we can see it now. Thanks to it, we look at old bugs very 84 (different) today. They were not dull. They were bright and busy, just like the ones in the park. 七、任务型阅读 阅读短文并回答问题。(注意：每题不超过12个词) We all have those moments when bright ideas hit us, but not everyone can develop such moments into the fruits of creative thinking. We believe that creative thinking is the falling apple of Isaac Newton, a famous scientist. We seldom notice that creative thinking is in fact a process (过程). Let’s look at what happened in 1666. Sitting in the garden, Newton watched an apple falling from a tree. He began to wonder if the same force that pulled the apple down also kept the Moon circling the Earth. Newton believed it did. He called it “gravity (地球引力)”. This story has become one of the most popular examples of “eureka” moments. When we cheer for the great discovery, the whole process of creative thinking shouldn’t be forgotten. Newton studied Maths for a long time. He always enjoyed finding new ways to solve problems. The falling apple was only the fruit of years of hard work before. It also started the train of thought that went on for the next few years. Newton began to examine “gravity” carefully. He did experiments. He studied the results and used what he learned to do new experiments. In 1687, the greatest scientific work ever written came out. The whole process of creative thinking works the same in our life. We prepare ourselves for the right moment. Once the moment comes, we catch it and then keep on working in the years to come. 85．What is “creative thinking” in the author’s opinion? 86．What did Newton see in the garden? 87．How did Newton examine “gravity”? 88．When did Newton’s greatest scientific work come out? 89．How do you understand the words “‘eureka’ moments” in paragraph 4? 八、书面表达 假设你所在的国际学校正在筹备“探索中国新农村(Exploring New Rural China)”暑期研学活动，现向全校学生征集活动方案。请根据以下方案，撰写一篇英语演讲稿，介绍你所设计的活动并阐述理由。 Theme: Exploring New Rural ChinaActivities: Do farming with new machines Help farmers sell fruits online … 注意： (1)文中不得出现真实姓名、学校等信息; (2)词数80左右(开头已给出，不计入总词数)。 Hello, everyone. I’m glad to show you my plan for the summer study activity——Exploring New Rural China. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ( 1 / 2 )学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 2025-2026学年下学期八年级英语期末 单元复习重难清单+强化训练(外研版2024) Unit 5 Looking into nature 目录 第一部分 单元重难知识清单 核心词汇、重点短语、核心句式、语法要点、写作/阅读词句拓展、写作范文 第二部分 单元综合强化训练 单项选择、完形填空、阅读理解、语法填空、阅读表达、选词填空、完成句子、书面表达 ◇Part 01 单元重难知识清单 1.核心词汇 1.动词 unlock 解开；揭开 例句：We want to unlock secrets of nature. 我们想要揭开大自然的奥秘。 discover 发现；发觉 例句：Scientists discovered a new species in amber. 科学家在琥珀中发现了新物种。 prove 证明；证实 例句：The find proves ancient flowers grew here. 这一发现证明古代花卉曾在此生长。 change 改变；转变 例句：The discovery changed old beliefs. 这个发现推翻了旧有的观点。 explore 探索；探究 例句：Many people love to explore nature. 很多人热爱探索大自然。 believe 相信；认为 例句：People once believed dinosaurs looked like lizards. 人们曾经认为恐龙长得像蜥蜴。 understand 理解；明白 例句：Amber helps us understand life changes. 琥珀帮助我们了解生命的演变。 research 研究；调研 例句：He spent his life researching plants. 他毕生都在研究植物。 carry 坚持；开展；携带 例句：He carried on with his research after illness. 他病后依然坚持研究。 receive 收到；获得 例句：The professor received many science awards. 这位教授斩获多项科学奖项。 raise 提出；举起 例句：People raised questions about the planet. 人们针对这颗行星提出了质疑。 meet 遭遇；遇见 例句：Explorers often meet difficulties in wild areas. 探索者在野外常会遭遇困难。 explain 解释；说明 例句：Scientists try to explain nature’s secrets. 科学家努力解读大自然的奥秘。 awaken 唤起；唤醒 例句：Mysteries awaken our curiosity. 未解之谜唤起了我们的好奇心。 2.形容词/副词 ancient 古老的；远古的 例句：Amber keeps ancient creatures inside it. 琥珀封存着远古生物。 amazing 令人惊奇的；惊人的 例句：It is an amazing discovery in nature. 这是一项惊人的自然发现。 completely 完全地 例句：This is a completely new species. 这是一个全新的物种。 wild 野外的；野生的 例句：He worked in wild mountains and forests. 他在荒山野林里开展工作。 lifelong 毕生的；终身的 例句：He had a lifelong love of nature. 他一生都热爱大自然。 unlikely 不太可能的 例句：It is unlikely that the river is heated by the sun. 这条河不太可能是被太阳加热的。 2.核心短语 look into 观察；探索 例句：We look into nature and find its beauty. 我们探索大自然，发现它的美好。 secrets of nature 大自然的奥秘 例句：Amber helps us find secrets of nature. 琥珀帮我们探寻大自然的奥秘。 thanks to 多亏；由于 例句：Thanks to amber, we know dinosaurs had feathers. 多亏了琥珀，我们得知恐龙长有羽毛。 look like 看起来像 例句：People thought dinosaurs looked like lizards. 人们曾以为恐龙长得像蜥蜴。 over time 随着时间推移 例句：Many species changed over time. 许多物种随着时间发生了演变。 old beliefs 旧观念；固有看法 例句：The new finding broke old beliefs. 这项新发现打破了固有看法。 a window on the past 回望过往的窗口 例句：Amber is a window on the past. 琥珀是回望远古的窗口。 put effort into 付出努力 例句：We put effort into nature research. 我们为自然研究付出努力。 unlock secrets 揭开奥秘 例句：Science helps us unlock secrets. 科学帮助我们揭开奥秘。 solar system 太阳系 例句：Pluto is no longer a planet in the solar system. 冥王星不再是太阳系的行星。 clear things 清理障碍物 例句：A real planet can clear things in its way. 真正的行星能够清理轨道上的障碍物。 die out 灭绝；消失 例句：Scientists study why dinosaurs died out. 科学家研究恐龙灭绝的原因。 carry out 开展；执行 例句：He carried out plant research in wild areas. 他在野外开展植物研究。 field work 野外考察；实地工作 例句：Field work is hard but meaningful. 野外工作辛苦却意义非凡。 fall seriously ill 身患重病 例句：He fell seriously ill during field work. 他在野外考察时身患重病。 carry on with 坚持；继续 例句：She carried on with her study after difficulty. 遭遇困境后她仍坚持研究。 lose sight 失明 例句：He lost sight in his right eye when he was young. 他年少时右眼失明。 personal honour 个人荣誉 例句：The scientist never cared about personal honour. 这位科学家从不看重个人荣誉。 national natural science award 国家自然科学奖 例句：He won the national natural science award twice. 他两次斩获国家自然科学奖。 pass away 去世；离世 例句：The great scientist passed away at 96. 这位伟大的科学家96岁时与世长辞。 love of nature 对自然的热爱 例句：His lifelong love of nature moved everyone. 他对自然毕生的热爱打动了所有人。 boiling river 沸水河 例句：The boiling river is a wonder of the rainforest. 沸水河是雨林的一大奇观。 raise questions 提出疑问 例句：People raised questions about the strange river. 人们对这条奇特的河流提出疑问。 natural wonders 自然奇观 例句：The rainforest has many natural wonders. 这片雨林有诸多自然奇观。 possible reasons 可能的原因 例句：We discuss possible reasons for the mystery. 我们探讨这个谜团背后可能的原因。 3.核心句型） What do you know about these people? 你了解这些人吗？（询问人物信息） What secrets of nature do you know? 你知道哪些大自然的奥秘？（询问事物信息） For hundreds of years, people believed that dinosaurs looked like huge lizards. 数百年来，人们一直认为恐龙长得像巨型蜥蜴。 Scientists now know that this idea is wrong. 如今科学家知道这个观点是错误的。 They can tell us whether dinosaurs had feathers. 它们能告诉我们恐龙是否长有羽毛。 It proves that it lived here 35 million years ago. 这证明它在3500万年前曾在此生存。 We should put more effort into research. 我们应该在研究上投入更多精力。 I'm not sure if scientists will find the answer. 我不确定科学家能否找到答案。 John told his parents that he wanted to be a scientist. 约翰告诉父母他想成为一名科学家。 Emily wants to know whether Mr Brown likes insects or birds. 埃米莉想知道布朗先生喜欢昆虫还是鸟类。 I don't know if this is a mistake. 我不知道这是不是一个失误。 People thought that there were nine planets in the past. 过去人们认为太阳系有九颗行星。 Scientists agreed that there are eight true planets now. 如今科学家一致认为有八颗真正的行星。 People often wonder if the whales are singing. 人们常常好奇鲸鱼是否在鸣叫。 Scientists have discovered that whales make special sounds. 科学家发现鲸鱼会发出特殊的声音。 It is unlikely for the sun to heat the river that much. 太阳不太可能把这条河加热到这种程度。 Perhaps the river passes a volcano. 或许这条河流经一座火山。 It's one of the greatest wonders of the rainforest. 它是雨林中最奇妙的景观之一。 He spent over 70 years exploring plants across China. 他花费七十余年走遍中国研究植物。 Though he was ill, he never stopped his research. 尽管身患疾病，他从未停止研究。 4.单元语法：宾语从句（that / if / whether 引导）用法 本单元核心语法为由that、if、whether引导的宾语从句，是期末考查重点，用法精简总结如下： that引导的宾语从句 用法：从句为陈述语序，表达肯定的观点、事实、想法；that无实际含义，口语/非正式书写中可省略。 常用主句动词：believe, know, think, find, discover, agree, tell 等。 例句：I think (that) amber is amazing. （我认为琥珀很神奇。） if / whether引导的宾语从句 用法：从句为陈述语序，表达疑问含义，译作“是否”；二者多数情况下可互换。 常用主句动词/短语：know, wonder, find out, want to know, be not sure 等。 区分小要点：介词后、or not 前，只能用whether，不能用if。 例句：I wonder whether he will come or not.（我想知道他是否会来。） 通用规则 语序：所有宾语从句必须使用陈述语序（主语在前，谓语在后），不能用疑问语序。 时态：主句为一般现在时，从句时态根据实际语境灵活变化；主句为一般过去时，从句通常改为对应过去时态。 5.阅读/写作必备词句 1.常见短语 nature exploration 自然探索 unknown species 未知物种 scientific discovery 科学发现 exploration spirit 探索精神 face challenges 直面挑战 stick to research 坚持研究 gain new knowledge 获取新知识 natural mystery 自然谜团 lifelong devotion 毕生奉献 wild environment 野外环境 make great achievements 取得巨大成就 break old ideas 打破旧观念 learn from explorers 向探索者学习 carry on exploration 继续探索 amazing phenomenon 奇特现象 2.高频句式 An amazing discovery has changed people’s ideas. 一项惊人的发现改变了人们的看法。 The explorer devoted all his life to studying nature. 这位探索者毕生致力于研究自然。 This discovery helps us understand nature better. 这项发现让我们更好地了解自然。 We should learn the spirit of never giving up. 我们要学习永不放弃的精神。 Thanks to hard work, people unlocked the secret at last. 凭借不懈努力，人们最终揭开了奥秘。 6.写作范文 （主题：自然探索者/自然探索发现，适配单元写作要求） Amber is a special golden stone, and it brings us an amazing discovery about nature. Hundreds of years ago, people believed that all dinosaurs looked like huge lizards. However, scientists found a piece of amber from Southeast Asia. It kept the tail of a dinosaur with feathers inside. This great discovery changed people’s old beliefs. It proves that dinosaurs had feathers long ago. Besides, more than 300 unknown species have been discovered in different amber pieces. All these findings show us that amber is really a wonderful window on the past. To get these results, scientists put plenty of effort into research. They kept exploring and never gave up when they met difficulties. From them, I learn that nature is full of secrets. If we are curious and keep exploring, we will unlock more secrets of nature one day. 译文： 琥珀是一种奇特的金色晶石，它为我们带来了一项关于大自然的惊人发现。 数百年前，人们认为所有恐龙都长得像巨型蜥蜴。然而，科学家在东南亚发现了一块琥珀，里面封存着一只长有羽毛的恐龙尾巴。这项伟大的发现推翻了人们的旧观念，也证明了恐龙在远古时期就长有羽毛。除此之外，人们在不同的琥珀中发现了三百多种未知物种。这些发现都说明，琥珀确实是回望远古的绝佳窗口。 为了取得这些成果，科学家们在研究中付出了诸多努力。遭遇困难时，他们坚持探索、从未放弃。从中我明白了，大自然藏着无数奥秘。只要我们保持好奇心、坚持探索，终有一天会揭开更多自然的秘密。 ◇Part 02 单元综合检测试卷 Unit 5 单元综合检测试题 一、单项选择 1．She ________ her grandmother when her parents were out. A．looked for B．looked after C．looked at D．looked up 【答案】B 【解析】句意：当她的父母外出时，她照顾她的祖母。 looked for寻找；looked after照顾；looked at看；looked up查阅。根据后面“when her parents were out”可知父母外出，家里需要有人照顾祖母，所以looked after符合语境。 2．—Do you know ________ red stands for good luck in China?     —Sure. A．who B．when C．what D．that 【答案】D 【解析】句意：——你知道在中国红色代表好运吗？——当然。 who指代人；when表时间；what在从句充当句子成分；that无词义、不作句子成分。从句red stands for good luck in China句意完整、不缺成分，用that引导。 3．My brother asked me ________ I had finished my English homework. A．that B．if C．what D．where 【答案】B 【解析】句意：我哥哥问我是否已经完成了英语作业。 that那；if是否；what什么；where哪里。根据“My brother asked me”可知，“asked”后接宾语从句，从句“I had…homework”结构完整，不缺成分，排除what和where；结合语义逻辑，应填if，指是否完成英语作业。 4．Many people are ________ the lost child in the forest. A．looking for B．looking after C．looking at D．looking up 【答案】A 【解析】句意：许多人正在森林里寻找那个走失的孩子。 looking for寻找；looking after照顾；looking at看；looking up查阅。根据句中的“the lost child”可知，人们应该是在“寻找”他，因此，应填looking for。 5．We haven’t decided ________ to invite a botanist to give us a talk about Wang Wencai. A．where B．that C．whether D．if 【答案】C 【解析】句意：我们还没有决定是否邀请一位植物学家来给我们做一场关于王文采的专题讲座。 where在哪里；that引导宾语从句无疑问含义；whether是否；if是否。只有whether后可接不定式结构 (whether to do)，if不能搭配不定式，结合句意“是否邀请”，应填whether。 6．—Can you tell me ________ the movable-type printing was invented? —In the Song Dynasty. A．when B．where C．who D．how 【答案】A 【解析】句意：——你能告诉我活字印刷术是什么时候发明的吗？——在宋朝。 when什么时候；where在哪里；who谁；how怎样。根据“In the Song Dynasty”可知空格处是询问时间，故用when引导宾语从句。 7．________ learn more, we often read books about nature. A．To B．For C．At D．With 【答案】A 【解析】句意：为了学习更多，我们经常阅读关于自然的书籍。 to为了；for为了；at在；with和。此处表示目的，应使用动词不定式作目的状语，置于句首。for 是介词，后接名词或动名词，应填to。 8．We should do something ________ the natural world. A．protect B．protecting C．to protect D．protected 【答案】C 【解析】句意：我们应该做些事情来保护自然世界。 根据句意，做事情的目的是为了保护自然世界，此处应该用动词不定式表示目的。应填to protect。 9．—________ you tell me more about the Amazon rainforest? —Sure. You ________ read this book to get more details. A．Could; should B．Should; must C．Must; should D．Could; mustn’t 【答案】A 【解析】句意：—你能告诉我更多关于亚马逊雨林的事情吗？—当然。你应该读这本书来获取更多信息。 第一空表示礼貌请求，应用Could；第二空表示提出建议，应用should。Must语气太强，mustn’t表示禁止，均不符合语境。 10．There is ______ any water in the bottle. Could you give me some? A．hardly B．hard C．heavily D．highly 【答案】A 【解析】句意：瓶子里几乎没有任何水了。你能给我一些吗？ hardly几乎不；hard努力地；heavily沉重地；highly高度地。根据“Could you give me some?”可知向对方要水，说明瓶子里水很少，hardly any意为“几乎没有”，符合语境。 11．The invention of the computer is a remarkable ________ in human history. A．achievement B．condition C．situation D．population 【答案】A 【解析】句意：电脑的发明是人类历史上一个显著的成就。 achievement成就；condition条件；situation情况；population人口。根据“The invention of the computer”可知，电脑的发明是一项伟大的发明，属于人类历史上的“成就”。 12．Does this blue schoolbag ______ the girl in a red skirt? A．believe in B．depend on C．belong to D．look for 【答案】C 【解析】句意：这个蓝色的书包属于那个穿红裙子的女孩吗？ believe in信任；depend on依靠；belong to属于；look for寻找。根据“Does this blue schoolbag ______ the girl in a red skirt”，这里询问的是“这个蓝色的书包是否属于那个穿红裙子的女孩”，应填belong to。 13．The Great Wall is a famous ______ in China, and millions of people visit it every year. A．sight B．sound C．taste D．smell 【答案】A 【解析】句意：长城是中国著名的名胜，每年有数百万人参观它。 sight名胜；sound声音；taste味道；smell气味。根据“The Great Wall”和“millions of people visit it every year”可知，人们参观的是名胜古迹，故选sight。 14．If you ________ working hard, you will achieve your dream one day. A．carry on B．give up C．run out D．cut down 【答案】A 【解析】句意：如果你坚持努力工作，总有一天你会实现你的梦想。 carry on继续，坚持；give up放弃；run out用完，耗尽；cut down削减，砍倒。根据句意可知，这里表示“坚持努力工作”，这样“总有一天会实现梦想”，应填carry on。 15．He was so tired that he could ______ walk any further. A．almost B．always C．hardly D．often 【答案】C 【解析】句意：他太累了，几乎不能再走远了。 almost几乎；always总是；hardly几乎不；often经常。so... that...意为“如此……以至于……”，根据“He was so tired”可知，太累导致几乎无法行走，hardly表否定，符合语境。 16．Through years of hard work, she had enough ________ to start her own business and achieve her dream. A．health B．curiosity C．wealth D．pressure 【答案】C 【解析】句意：经过多年的努力工作，她有足够的财富来开创自己的事业并实现梦想。 health健康；curiosity好奇心；wealth财富；pressure压力。根据“start her own business”可知，创业通常需要资金支持，且前文“Through years of hard work”暗示了积累的过程，因此“财富”符合语境。 17．—Is there _______ in the library now? —No, it’s empty. A．somebody B．anybody C．nobody D．everybody 【答案】B 【解析】句意：——现在图书馆里有人吗？——不，它是空的。 somebody某人；anybody任何人；nobody没有人；everybody每个人。根据“Is there...?”可知是一般疑问句，一般疑问句中常用anybody。故选anybody。 18．Reading books can help us _______ the secrets of the world. A．cover B．unlock C．invent D．create 【答案】B 【解析】句意：读书能帮助我们揭开世界的秘密。 cover覆盖；unlock解锁，揭开；invent发明；create创造。根据“Reading books”和“the secrets of the world”可知，书籍常被比喻为钥匙，用来揭开隐藏的秘密，“unlock the secrets”为常见固定搭配。 19．Before handing in your report about nature, please ________ your data again to avoid mistakes. A．check B．copy C．find D．share 【答案】A 【解析】句意：在提交关于自然的报告之前，请再次检查你的数据以避免错误。 check检查；copy复制；find找到；share分享。根据“Before handing in your report”和“to avoid mistakes”可知，为了避免错误，提交前需要再次检查数据。故选A。 20．—Have you ________ the singer who is singing? —No, I haven’t. Is she famous? A．cleaned up B．looked forward to C．heard of D．thrown away 【答案】C 【解析】句意：——你听说过正在唱歌的那位歌手吗？——没有，我没听说过。她很有名吗？ 考查动词短语辨析。cleaned up清理；looked forward to期待；heard of听说；thrown away扔掉。根据答句“Is she famous?”可知，问句是在询问是否听说过这位歌手。故选C。 二、完形填空 Asha looked out of the window on the plane. What a 21 ! The buildings were so tall. The city was large, much larger than her small town. Asha was on vacation in New York City. She was very 22 as she had always wanted to come since she was young. She read stories about it and studied its 23 . She knew how the island of Manhattan was bought from native Americans 300 years ago. She 24 knew people from all over the world came to live here. These people, like Asha, 25 a new life in New York. In New York Asha wanted to do three things. First, she wanted to look for a job. Next, she would find a place to live. She knew it was expensive to live in New York and that finding a good place to live was 26 . And the third thing she wanted to do was to 27 her English. She had studied English for 12 years but didn’t know 28 she could understand “real” English. Before leaving, her friends told her that New York was a 29 place. But Asha wasn’t worried. She had studied New York carefully. She believed she would be safe. 30 Asha saw the Statue of Liberty! The plane flew around it, and then began to slow down. Soon Asha was on the ground, getting ready to leave plane—to greet her future. 21．A．sight B．day C．mess D．plane 22．A．afraid B．sad C．excited D．relaxed 23．A．weather B．history C．population D．education 24．A．ever B．also C．only D．still 25．A．asked for B．came up with C．dreamed of D．found out 26．A．necessary B．proper C．easy D．hard 27．A．learn B．revise C．teach D．practise 28．A．why B．how C．if D．when 29．A．safe B．dangerous C．small D．large 30．A．In a hurry B．From then on C．All of a sudden D．Once again 【答案】 21．A 22．C 23．B 24．B 25．C 26．D 27．D 28．C 29．B 30．C 【解析】本文主要讲述了阿莎在飞往纽约的飞机上的所见所想。 21．句意：美么美妙的风景！ sight风景；day天；mess混乱；plane飞机。根据“The buildings were so tall. The city was large, much larger than her small town.”可知，描述的是风景，故选A。 22．句意：她很兴奋，因为她从小就一直想来。 afraid害怕的；sad悲伤的；excited兴奋的；relaxed放松的。根据“as she had always wanted to come since she was young”可知，因为一直想来，所以心情是兴奋的，故选C。 23．句意：她读关于它的故事，研究它的历史。 weather天气；history历史；population人口；education教育。根据“She knew how the island of Manhattan was bought from native Americans 300 years ago.”可知，此句阐述的是它的历史，故选B。 24．句意：她也知道来自世界各地的人来到这里生活。 ever曾经；also也；only只有；still仍然。根据“She read stories about it and studied its”可知，研究了它的历史，所以也知道有很多人到这里生活，故选B。 25．句意：这些人和阿莎一样，梦想着在纽约开始新生活。 asked for要求；came up with相出；dreamed of梦想；found out搞明白。根据“a new life in New York”和上文内容可知，梦想着来这里生活，故选C。 26．句意：她知道住在纽约很贵，找一个好地方住很困难。 necessary必要的；proper恰当的；easy容易的；hard难的。根据“She knew it was expensive to live in New York”可知，找一个好地方很难，故选D。 27．句意：她想做的第三件事是练习她的英语。 learn学习；revise修改；teach教；practise练习。根据“She had studied English for 12 years”可知，想练习英语，故选D。 28．句意：她学了12年英语，但不知道自己是否能听懂“真正的”英语。 why为什么；how如何；if是否；when什么时候。根据“she could understand “real” English”可知，不确定自己是否能听懂“真正的”英语，故选C。 29．句意：在离开之前，她的朋友告诉她纽约是一个危险的地方。 safe安全的；dangerous危险的；small小的；large大的。根据“She believed she would be safe.”可知，朋友认为纽约是一个安全的地方，故选B。 30．句意：突然，阿莎看到了自由女神像！ In a hurry匆忙；From then on从那时起；All of a sudden突然；Once again再一次。根据“The plane flew around it, and then began to slow down.”可知，是突然看到了自由女神像，故选C。 三、阅读理解 A Welcome to Space Tour! Visit space with us! It’s a five-day simulated (模拟) space holiday! Day 1 Your holiday starts at SpacePort. When you arrive, we prepare you for your trip into space. We show you how to live with no gravity (重力) . Just imagine it! You float (漂浮) in the air, your money floats out of your pocket and your hair floats away from your head!Day 2 to 5 You get on SpaceJet at 9:00 am on Day 2. About ten minutes later, you are in space! First, you get to SpacePod, our five-star space hotel! You have meals there. Then, you begin to experience life in space. ﹡Enjoy looking at the stars from our huge windows. They are very beautiful.     ﹡Take a spacewalk! Don’t forget your camera! ﹡Go to the water room for a new experience! It’s full of floating drops of water. You can hit them or play with them. ﹡Use our low-gravity football room! Imagine playing space football! The ball goes up and you can fly after it! You get back into SpaceJet at 5:00 pm on Day 5. After a short journey, you will land safely on Earth. Price: Children   $485/person    Adults    $635/person For more information, please call Jim at 365-8743. Believe me! It’s an experience of a lifetime. 31．On which day do visitors go into space? A．Day 1. B．Day 2. C．Day 3. D．Day 4. 32．What is SpacePod? A．A water room. B．A game room. C．A spaceship. D．A hotel. 33．What can visitors do in space? ①play football        ②Look at the stars        ③Take a spacewalk  ④Fly a kite A．①②③ B．①②④ C．①③④ D．②③④ 34．If Linda goes on the space tour with her 10-year-old son, how much should they pay? A．$970 B．$1, 120 C．$1, 270 D．$1, 350 35．The passage is probably from a ________. A．report B．dictionary C．newspaper D．storybook 【答案】31．B 32．D 33．A 34．B 35．C 【解析】本文主要介绍了为期五天的模拟太空假期的行程安排、太空体验活动以及价格信息。 31．由“Day 2 to 5”部分“You get on SpaceJet at 9:00 am on Day 2. About ten minutes later, you are in space!”可知，游客在第2天进入太空。 32．由“Day 2 to 5”部分“First, you get to SpacePod, our five-star space hotel”可知，SpacePod是太空酒店。 33．由“Day 2 to 5”部分“Enjoy looking at the stars”，“Take a spacewalk”，“Use our low-gravity football room”可知，游客在太空可以看星星、太空行走和踢足球。 34．由“Price”部分“Children $485/person”和“Adults $635/person”可知，Linda是成人，她10岁的儿子是儿童，两人共需支付635 + 485 = 1120美元。 35．本文以“Welcome to Space Tour!”开头，介绍行程、活动及价格并附有联系电话，目的是吸引游客，因此最可能来自报纸上的广告。 B From red apples and yellow lemons to blueberries and green melons, fruits come in different colors. Why do different kinds of fruits have so many colors? According to an expert from the Chinese Academy of Sciences, fruit colors actually come from their different pigments (色素), such as red or yellow carotenoids and blue or purple anthocyanins. These pigments appear in different amounts, depending on the fruit’s environment. This causes the fruit to turn a certain color. To find out how the environment affects fruit colors, Chinese scientists studied a lot of different fruit colors, including white, red, blue, purple and black. They found that red fruits tend to grow in cooler places. And instead of just growing in one place, you can find them growing in many places around the world. Blue and purple fruits mostly grow in warm places. The fruits tend to grow a lot in just one specific area. The scientists also found that the closer the fruit is to the equator, the darker its color will be. Animals also have an impact on the evolution of fruit colors. Animals eat fruits and drop the seeds in other places later. This helps the fruits spread and grow in different places. Therefore, in order to attract animals, some fruits develop colors that are easy for animals to see. However, animals see colors in a different way. Fruits need to develop colors that are suited to animals’ visual ability. For example, birds can see red more easily than humans can. Therefore, there will be more red fruits in areas where birds live. The lemurs (狐猴) of Madagascar are red-green color-blind. Most yellow fruits can be found in their habitats, as they can easily see this color. 36．Where do fruit colors come from according to the expert from the Chinese Academy of Sciences? A．Different kinds of fruits B．Different pigments in fruits C．Different growing environments D．Different animals eating fruits 37．What does Paragraph 4 mainly tell us? A．The colors of fruits change as the environment changes. B．The colors of blue and purple fruits near the equator are darker than in other places. C．There are different kinds of fruits in different places. D．It’s good to eat fruits of different colors. 38．What does the underlined word “evolution” mean in the fifth paragraph? A．The plan that can make something go on. B．The way that makes something else better. C．The gradual development that suits changes. D．The place where animals or plants can grow fast. 39．What do we know from the passage? A．Cool places are better for blue and purple fruits. B．Carotenoids are blue or purple. C．Some fruits develop colors to attract animals. D．Lemurs like yellow fruits better than red fruits. 40．What is the best title for the passage? A．The use of different colors of fruits B．The secrets behind colors of fruits C．Animals and the colors of fruits D．Environment and the colors of fruits 【答案】36．B 37．A 38．C 39．C 40．B 【解析】本文是一篇关于水果颜色背后原因的说明文。文章介绍了水果颜色的来源、环境对水果颜色的影响以及动物在水果颜色进化中的作用。 36．根据文章第二段“According to an expert from the Chinese Academy of Sciences, fruit colors actually come from their different pigments (色素), such as red or yellow carotenoids and blue or purple anthocyanins.”可知，水果的颜色来自它们不同的色素。 37．根据文章第四段“They found that red fruits tend to grow in cooler places...The scientists also found that the closer the fruit is to the equator, the darker its color will be.”可知，该段主要讲述了水果的颜色会随着环境的变化而变化。 38．根据文章第五段“Animals also have an impact on the evolution of fruit colors. Animals eat fruits and drop the seeds in other places later. This helps the fruits spread and grow in different places. Therefore, in order to attract animals, some fruits develop colors that are easy for animals to see.”可知，动物对水果颜色的“evolution”有影响，动物吃水果并把种子带到其他地方，这有助于水果在不同地方传播和生长，为了吸引动物，一些水果会发展出动物容易看到的颜色，由此可推测“evolution”意为“适应变化的逐渐发展”。 39．根据文章第五段“Therefore, in order to attract animals, some fruits develop colors that are easy for animals to see.”可知，一些水果会发展出颜色来吸引动物。 40．根据文章第一段“Why do different kinds of fruits have so many colors?”以及全文内容可知，本文主要介绍了水果呈现不同颜色的秘密，包括色素、环境以及动物对水果颜色进化的影响等，所以“The secrets behind colors of fruits”是最佳标题。 C When people think of wildfires, burning trees often come up. If you see a city burning while its trees remain standing, you might wonder if something unusual is happening. For weeks in January, large wildfires spread through Los Angeles. They destroyed a large number of homes and many people lost their lives. As pictures of the fires spread across the Internet, people noticed trees standing next to burned-out homes and cars. Some didn’t believe that a fire would leave trees untouched. “Is there a secret attack on L. A．homes?” they asked. The simple answer is no. As plenty of pictures and videos from Los Angeles show, trees can and do catch fire. But it’s true that some did not burn. Scientists say there is a simple explanation for that. It is all about moisture. “It’s quite easy to understand,” said Miranda Hart, a biology professor. “Trees are filled with thousands and thousands of liters (升) of water.” To be clear, trees do burn when fires are big and hot enough. But if a tree full of water is next to something very dry, the dry thing will burn first and even change the way of the fire. “In that way, you can imagine the fire just going around the tree if there’s enough ‘fuel’ on either side of it,” Prof. Hart added. In addition, the tree type also matters. Certain trees are more likely to catch fire. Deciduous trees (trees that lose their leaves every year), for example, are hard to burn. That’s because their leaves include more water. While for conifers—trees with needlelike (针状的) leaves, things are the opposite. In Los Angeles, palms (棕榈树) are everywhere. They’ve become a symbol of the city. But based on the research, palm trees are especially easy to spread fire because of their structure and type. So, to reduce fire risks, the local fire departments have advised against planting more palms. Without proper care, these trees can burn and spread rapidly during wildfires and endanger the people and objects nearby. 41．Some people had doubts about the wildfires in Los Angeles because ________. A．they have lasted much longer than usual B．hidden enemies attacked homes and cars C．some trees remained unchanged in the fires D．pictures of the fires spread across the Internet 42．The underlined word “moisture” in paragraph 4 probably means “________”. A．dry condition B．water content C．high heat D．cold temperature 43．新考向  How would a fire pass through a tree full of water and dry things according to Prof. Hart? ◯a tree full of water   a dry thing fire’s path A． B． C． D． 44．According to the passage, which type of tree is easier to catch fire? A．Trees with thin, narrow and hard leaves. B．Trees which drop their leaves every year. C．Trees with rich water in their broad leaves. D．Trees that are taller than the others around. 【答案】41．C 42．B 43．B 44．A 【解析】本文主要介绍了洛杉矶山火中部分树木未被引燃的现象及原因。 41．细节理解题。根据文中“As pictures of the fires spread across the Internet, people noticed trees standing next to burned-out homes and cars. Some didn’t believe that a fire would leave trees untouched.”可知，人们对山火产生质疑的原因是部分树木在火灾中保持完好。故选C。 42．词句猜测题。根据后文“Trees are filled with thousands and thousands of liters of water.”可知，moisture指的是树木的含水量。故选B。 43．推理判断题。根据文中“But if a tree full of water is next to something very dry, the dry thing will burn first and even change the way of the fire. ‘In that way, you can imagine fire just going around the tree’”可知，火焰会绕过水分充足的树木，优先点燃旁边干燥的可燃物，对应示意图 B。故选B。 44．细节理解题。根据文中“ While for conifers—trees with needlelike leaves, things are the opposite.”以及“palm trees are especially easy to spread fire because of their structure and type.”可知，叶片细长坚硬的树（如针叶树、棕榈树）更容易被点燃。故选A。 D A tsunami is one of the most powerful and dangerous natural disasters. It is a series of huge ocean waves caused mainly by underwater earthquakes. When the ocean floor suddenly moves during a quake, it pushes a large amount of water upward, creating waves that travel across the ocean at very high speeds, as fast as a jet plane. Unlike normal waves, a tsunami wave is very long and low in the deep ocean, so ships might not even notice it passing underneath. However, as it approaches the coast and enters shallower water, the wave slows down but grows much taller, sometimes as high as a tall building. The word “tsunami” comes from Japanese, meaning “harbor wave”. Warning signs of a tsunami can include a strong or long-lasting earthquake near the coast, the ocean pulling back far from the shore very quickly (like a very low tide), or a loud roar from the ocean. If you see any of these signs, you must move to higher ground immediately. Do not wait for an official warning. Remember, the first wave may not be the largest, and tsunamis can last for hours. 45．What is the main cause of a tsunami? A．Strong winds over the ocean. B．Underwater earthquakes. C．Heavy rainfall on the sea. D．The high tide. 46．What happens to a tsunami wave as it gets close to the coast? A．It travels faster. B．It becomes longer and lower. C．It grows much taller. D．It disappears. 47．What does the underlined word “shallower” in Paragraph 2 mean? A．Deeper. B．Not deep. C．Warmer. D．Colder. 48．Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a warning sign of a tsunami? A．A strong earthquake near the coast. B．The ocean water pulling back quickly. C．A loud sound coming from the ocean. D．Dark clouds gathering in the sky. 49．What should you do if you see a possible tsunami warning sign? A．Go to the beach to watch. B．Wait for an official warning on TV. C．Move to higher ground at once. D．Get on a ship in the harbor. 【答案】45．B 46．C 47．B 48．D 49．C 【解析】本文是一篇科普说明文，介绍了海啸的成因、传播特征、靠近海岸时的变化以及预警信号，旨在普及相关知识并指导紧急应对。 45．第一段第二句“It is a series of huge ocean waves caused mainly by underwater earthquakes.”点明，海啸主要是由海底地震引起的。 46．第二段第三句“However, as it approaches the coast and enters shallower water, the wave slows down but grows much taller...”说明，海啸波靠近海岸时会变得更高。 47．根据语境，与“deep ocean”相对，靠近海岸的水域是“浅水区”，因此“shallower”意为“更浅的”，即“not deep”。 48．第三段第一句“Warning signs of a tsunami can include a strong or long-lasting earthquake..., the ocean pulling back... or a loud roar from the ocean.”说明，海岸附近发生强烈地震、海水迅速退去、海面传来巨大的声响三项均被提及为海啸的前兆。 49．第三段第二、三句“If you see any of these signs, you must move to higher ground immediately. Do not wait for an official warning.”直接点明，应立即转移到地势较高的地方。 E 根据短文内容，从选项中选出能填入文中空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Nature is full of amazing secrets. 50 One of these secrets is a boiling river in the Amazon rainforest. The river is as hot as 100°C． Local people use the water for cooking and making medicine. 51 Scientists are still studying this river. 52 Others believe it is heated by a nearby volcano. However, the nearest volcano is too far away, so this is unlikely. 53 It awakens our curiosity and drives scientists to better understand the wonders of nature. 54 A．Some think there may be chemicals in the water that give off heat. B．This boiling river is one of the most amazing sights in the rainforest. C．The river is very dangerous for local people. D．They are waiting to be explained. E．Some people even swim in it, but only after checking the water temperature. F．We should never go near the boiling river. G．Every new discovery helps us learn more about the world around us. 【答案】50．D 51．E 52．A 53．B 54．G 【解析】本文介绍了亚马逊雨林中的一条神奇的沸腾河，包括它的特点、用途、科学研究以及人们的探索和兴趣。 【解析】50．前文提到大自然充满惊人的秘密，接下来引出一个例子，因此空格处应指出这些秘密“等待被解释”。D项“它们等待被解释”承接上文。 51．前文介绍河流的热度和用途，接下来补充人们的互动和活动。E项“有些人甚至游泳，但只在检查水温后”自然衔接。 52．科学家仍在研究河流，后文提到不同的解释，因此空格处应引出科学假设。A项“有人认为水中可能有化学物质释放热量”符合逻辑。 53．后文提到“它激发了我们的好奇心，促使科学家们不断探索更深层次的奥秘。”B项“这条沸腾的河是雨林中最惊人的景观之一”最合适。 54．结尾总结发现的意义，强调学习的重要性，因此G项“每一项新发现都帮助我们更多地了解周围的世界”自然收束全文。 四、完成句子 55．做这件事需要付出巨大的努力…… It ________ ________ ________ to... 【答案】 takes great effort 【解析】原句中“需要付出巨大的努力”是关键词，表示“做某事需要付出巨大努力”用It takes great effort to do sth.结构；句子描述一般情况，用一般现在时，主语It为第三人称单数，take要变为takes。故填takes；great；effort。 56．我们已经有了许多发现。 We have ________ ________ ________. 【答案】 made many discoveries 【解析】原句中“已经有了许多发现”是关键词，表示“取得许多发现”用make many discoveries；句子为现在完成时，结构为“have done”，make要变为made。 57．这是在太空领域的一项重要成就。 It’s ________ ________ ________ in space. 【答案】 an important achievement 【解析】原句中“一项重要成就”是关键词，“重要的”important以元音音素开头，冠词用an；achievement表示“成就”。 58．研究表明，他们完全是一种全新的物种。 Research shows that they are ________ ________ ________ ________ . 【答案】 a completely new species 【解析】原句的核心表达是“一种全新的物种”，对应的表达为a completely new species。 59．了解自然有助于我们更好地保护它。 ________ ________ nature helps us protect it better. 【答案】 Learning/Knowing about 【解析】原句中“了解”是关键词，在句中作主语，需用动名词短语形式，表示“了解”的短语是learn about/know about，动名词形式为Learning about/Knowing about，符合句子语法和语义要求，故填Learning/Knowing；about。 60．这个公园是许多鸟类和动物的家园。 The park is ________ ________ many birds and animals. 【答案】 home to 【解析】原句中“是……的家园/栖息地”是关键词，常用短语be home to来表示“是……的家园/栖息地”，应填home；to。 61．我们应该尽我们最大的努力拯救濒危动物。 We should try our best to save animals ________ ________. 【答案】 in danger 【解析】原句中“濒危动物”是关键词，表示“濒危的”用in danger。故填in；danger。 62．大自然为我们呈现出无数奇妙之处。 Nature presents us with ________ ________. 【答案】 endless wonders 【解析】原句中“无数奇妙之处”是关键词，“无数”可用“endless”表示，“奇妙之处”对应“wonders”，表示“奇妙的事物”，用复数形式。应填endless；wonders。 63．多亏了一块琥珀，科学家们现在知道这个观点是错误。 ________ ________ a piece of amber, scientists now know that this idea is wrong. 【答案】 Thanks to 【解析】原句关键词为“多亏了”，固定短语“Thanks to”表示“由于、多亏”。 64．保护濒危动物的方法之一是建立更多的自然保护区。 One of the ways to protect endangered animals is to ________ ________ more nature reserves. 【答案】 set up 【解析】原句中“建立”是关键词，表示“建立（机构、组织、设施等）”的短语是set up。本句中to为不定式结构，后接动词原形。 五、选词填空 用方框中所给单词的适当形式填空，使短文通顺、正确、连贯，每个单词限用一次。 one,  how,  useful,  they,  with the help of,  reply,  hardly,  could,  discover,  physics Nowadays, X-ray technology is widely used in medicine and other fields. X-rays were first 65 by a German scientist, Wilhelm Conrad Röntgen (1845—1923). He found 66 quite by accident in 1895. One day, he discovered that an unknown kind of radiation (放射线) could 67 pass through hard objects like bones. Later, he took a photo of his wife’s hand. It clearly showed her ring and her bones. That was the 68 X-ray photo in the world. Why is there an “X” in the word X-ray? It’s because Röntgen couldn’t explain exactly 69 it worked. He just knew that X-rays were new and 70 for science. In fact, X-rays soon became an important tool in medicine. 71 X-rays, doctors could see inside the human body for the first time without surgery (外科手术). Röntgen was awarded the first Nobel Prize in 72 in 1901 for his discovery. When he was asked what he was thinking at the moment of discovery, he 73 , “I thought nothing. I only researched.” He gave away his Nobel Prize money to his university. He never took out any patents (专利权) on X-rays, making sure that the world 74 freely make use of his discovery. 【答案】 65．discovered 66．them 67．hardly 68．first 69．how 70．useful 71．With the help of 72．physics 73．replied 74．could 【解析】本文介绍伦琴偶然发现X光，名称由来、应用价值及他因此获首届诺贝尔物理学奖。 65．句意：X 光最早由德国科学家伦琴发现。此处需要一个动词过去分词，在句中和be动词构成被动语态、充当谓语。结合语境，此处表示“被发现”，选择discover“发现”。因为句子主语X-rays和discover是被动关系，固定被动结构为be+done，故填discovered。 66．句意：1895年他偶然发现了它。动词found后需接宾语，指代复数名词X-rays，故将they变为宾格形式them。 67．句意：一天他发现一种未知射线几乎不能穿透骨骼这类坚硬物体。此处需要一个副词，在句中修饰动词 pass作状语。因为后文介绍X光可穿透硬物，结合射线物理属性语境，所以选择hardly“几乎不”。 68．句意：那是世界上第一张X光照片。定冠词the后接序数词，表示顺序。因为前文介绍伦琴拍出妻子手部X光片，是人类史上最早的X光照片，将基数词one变序数词first表示“第一”。 69．句意：这是因为伦琴无法弄清它的工作原理。此处需要一个连接副词，在句中引导宾语从句、充当从句方式状语。因为空格后是完整从句，语义表示“运作的方式”，所以选择how。 70．句意：他知道X射线是新的且对科学有用。此处需要一个形容词，在句中和new并列放在系动词后作表语。因为固定搭配be useful for（对……有用），且后文提到X光成为重要医疗工具，故填useful。 71．句意：在X射线的帮助下，医生首次无需手术就能查看人体内部。此处需要一个介词短语，在句中作全句的条件状语。因为固定短语 with the help of（在…… 的帮助下），贴合X光辅助医生看病的语境，句首大写，故填With the help of。 72．句意：凭借该发现，伦琴1901年获首届诺贝尔物理学奖。此处需要一个名词，在介词in后面充当宾语。因为诺贝尔奖分科，该发现属于物理学科，故填physics。 73．句意：被问及发现瞬间的想法时，他答道：“我什么都没想，只在研究。” ，此处需要一个动词在句中充当主句谓语。因为全篇叙事为一般过去时，后面紧跟直接引语是答话内容，故将reply“回复”变为过去式replied。 74．句意：他从未就X射线申请任何专利，以此确保全世界都能无偿自由使用他的研究成果。主句为过去时，从句表示过去的能力或许可，选用情态动词could，无需变形。 六、短文填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。 Long ago, people liked to find pretty stones. One kind of stone was called amber (琥珀). It looked like hard yellow honey. Sometimes a small bug was inside. One day, a man looked at a piece of amber. A tiny butterfly wing 75 (survive) inside it for a very long time. The wing was soft. It had small lines on it. The stone gave us plenty 76 facts about old times. 77 the stone was small, it told a big story. Butterflies were here long ago! After seeing this, scientists became very excited, and they wanted 78 (enter) the world of the past. Scientists said the amber should 79 (remain) in a museum, so everyone could see it. The stones could not tell their stories by 80 (them). People had to look at them with care. Of all the old stones, this one had the 81 (old) story about the butterfly. It was like 82 open door to the old world. The wing stayed in greatest 83 (safe) inside the gold stone. So we can see it now. Thanks to it, we look at old bugs very 84 (different) today. They were not dull. They were bright and busy, just like the ones in the park. 【答案】 75．had survived 76．of 77．Although/Though 78．to enter 79．remain 80．themselves 81．oldest 82．an 83．safety 84．differently 【解析】本文主要讲述一块包裹着古老蝴蝶翅膀的琥珀，为人们了解远古世界提供了宝贵信息的故事。 75．句意：一只小小的蝴蝶翅膀在里面保存了很长很长时间。动作发生在“过去的一个时间点之前”(即“他看着琥珀”之前，翅膀已经保存了很久)，表示“过去的过去”，用过去完成时had survived. 76．句意：这块石头为我们提供了大量关于古代的事实。plenty of“大量的，许多的”，固定搭配，后接可数名词复数或不可数名词。facts为可数名词复数。 77．句意：虽然这块石头很小，但它讲述了一个大故事。前后句为让步转折关系(小vs大故事)，用Although或Though引导让步状语从句。 78．句意：看到这个之后，科学家们变得非常兴奋，他们想要进入过去的世界。want to do sth.“想要做某事”，固定搭配，不定式to enter作wanted的宾语。 79．句意：科学家们说琥珀应该留在博物馆里，这样每个人都能看到它。should是情态动词，后面跟动词原形，remain为不及物动词，无被动语态，所以填remain。 80．句意：这些石头自己无法讲述它们的故事。by oneself“独自、靠自己”，固定搭配，主语The stones为复数，所以用themselves。 81．句意：在所有古老的石头中，这一块有着关于蝴蝶的最古老的故事。范围状语“Of all the old stones”表示三者及以上比较，用最高级oldest，前面已有定冠词the。 82．句意：它就像是通往古老世界的一扇门。door为可数名词单数，表示泛指“一扇门”，用不定冠词，open以元音音素/əʊ/开头，所以用an。 83．句意：翅膀保存在这块金色石头里的最安全的环境中。greatest为形容词，修饰名词，safe的名词形式为safety。 84．句意：多亏了它，今天我们看待古老的昆虫的方式完全不同了。修饰动词look at需要用副词，different的副词形式为differently。 七、任务型阅读 阅读短文并回答问题。(注意：每题不超过12个词) We all have those moments when bright ideas hit us, but not everyone can develop such moments into the fruits of creative thinking. We believe that creative thinking is the falling apple of Isaac Newton, a famous scientist. We seldom notice that creative thinking is in fact a process (过程). Let’s look at what happened in 1666. Sitting in the garden, Newton watched an apple falling from a tree. He began to wonder if the same force that pulled the apple down also kept the Moon circling the Earth. Newton believed it did. He called it “gravity (地球引力)”. This story has become one of the most popular examples of “eureka” moments. When we cheer for the great discovery, the whole process of creative thinking shouldn’t be forgotten. Newton studied Maths for a long time. He always enjoyed finding new ways to solve problems. The falling apple was only the fruit of years of hard work before. It also started the train of thought that went on for the next few years. Newton began to examine “gravity” carefully. He did experiments. He studied the results and used what he learned to do new experiments. In 1687, the greatest scientific work ever written came out. The whole process of creative thinking works the same in our life. We prepare ourselves for the right moment. Once the moment comes, we catch it and then keep on working in the years to come. 85．What is “creative thinking” in the author’s opinion? 86．What did Newton see in the garden? 87．How did Newton examine “gravity”? 88．When did Newton’s greatest scientific work come out? 89．How do you understand the words “‘eureka’ moments” in paragraph 4? 【答案】85．It is a process. 86．An apple falling from a tree. 87．By doing experiments. 88．In 1687. 89．It means the moment when a bright idea suddenly hits someone. 【解析】本文以牛顿发现万有引力的故事为例，指出创造性思维实际上是一个过程，而不仅仅是灵光乍现的瞬间。它需要长期的准备、刻苦的积累以及后续持续的探索与研究。 85．第一段提到“We seldom notice that creative thinking is in fact a process.”，说明作者认为创造性思维实际上是一个过程。 86．第三段提到“Sitting in the garden, Newton watched an apple falling from a tree.”，说明牛顿在花园里看到苹果从树上落下。 87．第六段提到“Newton began to examine ‘gravity’ carefully. He did experiments. He studied the results and used what he learned to do new experiments.”，说明牛顿通过做实验、研究结果并基于所学开展新实验来检验万有引力。 88．第六段提到“In 1687, the greatest scientific work ever written came out.”，说明牛顿最伟大的科学著作于1687年问世。 89．第四段提到“This story has become one of the most popular examples of ‘eureka’ moments.”，结合上下文，此处“eureka moments”指代牛顿看到苹果落地后突然产生灵感的时刻。 八、书面表达 假设你所在的国际学校正在筹备“探索中国新农村(Exploring New Rural China)”暑期研学活动，现向全校学生征集活动方案。请根据以下方案，撰写一篇英语演讲稿，介绍你所设计的活动并阐述理由。 Theme: Exploring New Rural ChinaActivities: Do farming with new machines Help farmers sell fruits online … 注意： (1)文中不得出现真实姓名、学校等信息; (2)词数80左右(开头已给出，不计入总词数)。 Hello, everyone. I’m glad to show you my plan for the summer study activity——Exploring New Rural China. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【参考范文】 Hello, everyone. I’m glad to show you my plan for the summer study activity——Exploring New Rural China. My plan has three main activities. First, we’ll do farming with new machines to experience how farmers work in the fields today. After that, we’ll help farmers sell their fruits online. This new way of selling needs our teamwork and teaches us about marketing skills. What’s more, visiting local schools is also an important part of learning about rural life. In a word, these activities will help us better understand the changes in rural China. I believe this plan is meaningful and fun! 【解析】[总体分析] ①题材：本文是一篇英语演讲稿； ②时态：时态为一般将来时； ③提示：需完整包含“用新机器干农活”“帮农民线上卖水果”等核心活动，可适当补充“参观当地学校”等细节，使方案更充实。 [写作步骤] 第一步：开篇点题。承接题目给出的开头句，直接引出“Exploring New Rural China”的活动主题，自然过渡到活动方案的介绍； 第二步：主体阐述。分点介绍活动内容并说明理由； 第三步：总结全文。点明活动的意义，强调方案的趣味性和教育价值，增强说服力。 [亮点词汇] ①do farming干农活 ②sell...online线上销售 ③teamwork团队协作 ④marketing skills营销技巧 ⑤meaningful有意义的 [高分句型] ① First, we’ll do farming with new machines to experience how farmers work in the fields today.（不定式作目的状语） ② This new way of selling needs our teamwork and teaches us about marketing skills.（并列谓语） ( 1 / 2 )学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $