Unit 5 阅读限时练(Word版)-【勤径学升】2025-2026学年八年级下册英语全程时习测试卷（外研版·新教材）

**基本信息** 这份初中英语同步练以“基础巩固-语篇应用-综合表达”分层，通过限时阅读、语法填空等题型融合语言能力与思维品质培养，适配新授课知识内化需求。 **分层设计** |层次|知识覆盖|设计特色| |----|----------|----------| |基础层|词汇辨析与基础语法|完形填空第9题考查副词nearly，语法填空第19题副词转换| |进阶层|语篇理解与逻辑推理|阅读理解A篇第3题句子还原，B篇七选五段落衔接| |提升层|综合表达与价值思辨|阅读与表达第32题开放作答，渗透环保与责任意识|

阅读限时练 一、阅读理解。 A （南京期末） ①Workers in Canada have made an exciting discovery. Machine operator Shawn Funk was digging through the earth when he noticed something much harder than the rock around it. “It was definitely nothing we had ever seen before,” said Funk. ②A local museum now displays Funk’s discovery. It looks like a piece of art, but it’s not. It’s a fossilized (石化的) dinosaur—one of the most amazing ever found! ③After 110 million years underground, it has turned to stone, from its snout (长鼻子) to its hips. Armor (硬壳) covers its neck and back. Two 50-centimeter spikes stick out from its shoulders. Fossilized skin and scales (鳞) cover its body. Caleb Brown, a researcher at the museum, is amazed by the quality of the fossil (化石).“We don’t just have a skeleton (骨架). We have a dinosaur as it would have been.” ④For paleontologists, a find like this is very rare. Usually, only the bones and teeth are preserved—softer parts like the skin and scales rarely get fossilized. The dinosaur is so well preserved (保护) it even has a little bit of its original color. But why is this dinosaur fossil so different? Scientists have a theory. ⑤They think that the dinosaur’s carcass was carried into a river by a flood. It reached the sea, and after a week or so, the carcass sank to the ocean floor. Mud covered it and entered its skin, armor, and bones. After millions of years, this made the creature’s body stonelike. ⑥Scientists have studied the fossil carefully, but it will take years to learn all its secrets. Its bones, for example, are under its skin and armor, and paleontologists need to find a way to reach them without destroying (毁坏) its body. In some ways, this dinosaur is almost too well preserved! 1. Why does the writer say the dinosaur looks like a piece of art? A. It is colorful. B. It is made of stone. C. It is fossilized. D. It is well preserved. 2. What makes this discovery different from other dinosaur discoveries? A. It is 110 million years old. B. It is discovered by accident. C. Its skin and scales are fossilized. D. Its bones and teeth are preserved. 3. Where is the best place for the following sentence? “It also ensured that the dinosaur kept its shape.” A. At the end of Paragraph 3. B. At the end of Paragraph 4. C. At the end of Paragraph 5. D. At the end of Paragraph 6. 4. Why will it take years to fully study the fossil? A. Scientists don’t want to destroy it. B. Scientists don’t have enough tools. C. Its armor is very tough. D. It is large and heavy. B Ever since she was a child growing up in England, Jane Goodall dreamed of working with wild animals. When she was about eleven years old, she wanted to go to Africa to live and write about animals. In 1957, Jane Goodall traveled to Africa. ___5___. Later Louis asked her to study a group of chimpanzees living by a lake in Tanzania. ___6___. They were very shy and ran away when Goodall came near. She learned to watch them far away. Over time, she made friends with chimpanzees. She gave her chimpanzees the names such as David Graybeard, Flo and Fifi. ___7___. But she found them also eat meat. A few weeks later, she even saw chimpanzees make and use tools to help them open the nuts. Jane Goodall, “the chimpanzee Lady”, is well-known for her 45 years’ study of chimpanzees in Tanzania. Jane Goodall has spent her life trying to protect chimpanzees. ___8___. It tells us we need to save the animals in danger. A. It was not easy work to stay with chimpanzees B. She recently wrote a book about animals C. She soon met the famous scientist Louis Leakey and began to work for him D. Most of the chimpanzees make their homes in the trees E. Chimpanzees love vegetables and fruits 二、完形填空。 新情境 Watermelons are one of the most popular fruits in China. It’s said that Chinese people eat ____9____ 70% of the watermelons on the earth. As we enjoy the sweet watermelons, we have to thank a great woman named Wu Mingzhu. This 92-year-old ____10____ has devoted (致力) her life to growing melons in China. Wu grew up in Wuhan. In the eyes of others, Wu should have worked as a teacher after finishing university in 1953, ____11____ she decided to go to Xinjiang. She thought Xinjiang was a good place for her to do ____12____ great. In 1955, Wu went to Xinjiang to study melons. ____13____ it was hard to live and work there at the time, she didn’t ____14____ She spent three years going around Xinjiang and found 44 kinds of melons. In the 1990s, Wu and her team cultivated (培育) “8424”, a great kind of watermelon in Jiangsu and Zhejiang provinces. Then Wu ____15____ it to the north of China. Later, Wu went to more places to study melons. ____16____ her, most places in China grow melons now. The yield (产量) is high and the price is naturally ____17____, so people can eat melons as they wish. Wu’s work has made a great difference _____18_____ the growing of melons in China. ”My life is to grow a few melons and give the sweetness of melons to people,” Wu always says. 9. A. hardly B. nearly C. lately D. loudly 10. A. expert B. manager C. teacher D. coach 11. A. or B. for C. so D. but 12. A. nothing B. everything C. something D. anything 13. A. Because B. Unless C. Until D. Although 14. A. fix up B. cut up C. give up D. put up 15. A. bought B. brought C. thought D. fought 16. A. Thanks to B. As for C. Such as D. Up to 17. A. high B. low C. expensive D. cheap 18. A. on B. in C. to D. with 三、语法填空。 （长春模拟预测） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 If you go out to the fields at night in spring or summer, you can hear frogs (青蛙) singing ___19___ (happy) here and there. It seems as if they were performing a field group singing. People like frogs because they can play ___20___ important part in farmer’s field. The frog is good and useful. They can catch fast-moving insects. Each frog eats a large number of pests (害虫) that are ___21___ (harm) to crops. This frog is regarded as “the natural enemy of pests”. But now frogs ___22___ (get) fewer and fewer. This is because they ___23___ (kill) and put on the table as a delicious dish by human beings. It is a cruel act, isn’t it? First of all, the reason why frogs become fewer is that ___24___ (farmer) use insect killers to kill pests and frogs. Secondly, the farmers catch frogs to eat ___25___ they think frogs are good for their health. In the autumn, the farmers catch frogs and sell them. Sometimes the frogs are expensive. Something must be done as soon as possible ___26___ (save) frogs. If we don’t punish those people ___27___ sell and kill frogs to make money, then one day all of ___28___ (we) will be punished by nature for failing to keep them. 四、阅读与表达。 （沈阳模拟预测） 阅读短文，然后根据内容回答问题。 Bert won a national prize called Young Heroes for his “green” project. This public-spirited young person was a university student. His love for insects (昆虫) grew deeper and he was protecting them for the future. Bert found his love early in life. When he was around 4 or 5, he always loved to watch different insects, especially beautiful swallowtails (凤蝶). One interesting fact he learned about swallowtails was that their bright colors warned hungry animals that they tasted bad. And it was also fun to watch how they came into being. But the reason he really fell in love with them was that they were easy to get close to. For example, if you want to attract (吸引) swallowtails, you can plant some zinnias (百日草), a kind of bright flowers. Bert started a zinnia garden at his house, where he raised a large number of swallowtails over the years. With the world’s swallowtail population falling, Bert wanted people to realize that if insects like swallowtails disappeared, so would all the others above them on the food chain (食物链). To stop swallowtails from disappearing, he also created a zinnia garden at his junior high school. Part of the joy for Bert was watching the younger students running after swallowtails. He said, “Whenever a swallowtail lands on them, the young students will soon fall in love with these cute insects. They will have a new understanding of them.” Bert believed that was an important part of our life. He put his efforts into the educational project and made it. He hoped it could help save more insects. 29. Why did Bert fall in love with swallowtails? ________________________ 30. What did Bert do to stop swallowtails from disappearing? ________________________ 31. Which “them” refers to the swallowtails in Paragraph 5? Write down the sentence. ________________________ 32. What have you learned from Bert? Write 30 words or more. ________________________ 阅读限时练 一、阅读理解。 A （南京期末） 【1~4题答案】 【答案】1. D 2. C 3. C 4. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一块保存得非常完整的恐龙化石。 【1题详解】 推理判断题。结合第二段“It looks like a piece of art, but it’s not. It’s a fossilized (石化的) dinosaur—one of the most amazing ever found!”和最后一段“In some ways, this dinosaur is almost too well preserved!”可知，作者说这个恐龙看起来像一件艺术品是因为它保存得非常完整，故选D。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“Fossilized skin and scales (鳞) cover its body.”和第四段“Usually, only the bones and teeth are preserved—softer parts like the skin and scales rarely get fossilized.”可知，通常情况下只有骨头和牙齿被保存下来，像皮肤和鳞这样柔软的部分很少石化，但是这个恐龙的皮肤和鳞却石化了，由此可知，这使得这一发现与其他恐龙化石不同，故选C。 【3题详解】 推理判断题。分析第五段可知，此段讲述了恐龙化石保存完整的原因，所给句子“It also ensured that the dinosaur kept its shape.”意为“这也确保了恐龙保持它原来的形态。”应放在此段最后，故选C。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段“paleontologists need to find a way to reach them without destroying (毁坏) its body”可知，对化石进行全面研究需要数年时间的原因是古生物学家不想毁坏化石，故选A。 B 【5~8题答案】 【答案】5. C 6. A 7. E 8. B 【解析】 【分析】本篇文章主要介绍珍古德梦想与野生动物工作，她与黑猩猩一起工作，学习研究他们。Jane Goodall一生都在试图保护黑猩猩。她最近写了一本关于动物的书。它告诉我们，我们需要拯救濒危动物。 【5题详解】 推理判断题。由这句话“In 1957, Jane Goodall traveled to Africa.和Later Louis asked her to study a group of chimpanzees living by a lake in Tanzania.”可知她很快见到那位著名的科学家路易斯李基并开始为他工作。故选C。 【6题详解】 推理判断题。由此句“They were very shy and ran away when Goodall came near.”可知和猩猩呆在一起是不容易的，故选A。 【7题详解】 推理判断题。根据“But she found them also eat meat.”，but作为转折，说明前面应该和meat相对，所以应该是vegetables and fruits。故选E。 【8题详解】 推理判断题。根据“Jane Goodall has spent her life trying to protect chimpanzees”和最后一句“It tells us we need to save the animals in danger. ”说明她应该写了一本关于动物的书。故选B 二、完形填空。 新情境 【9~18题答案】 【答案】9. B 10. A 11. D 12. C 13. D 14. C 15. B 16. A 17. B 18. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，文章主要讲述了中国“西瓜之母”吴明珠院士的事迹。她放弃了当教师的机会，扎根新疆研究瓜果种植，培育出优质西瓜品种“8424”，并将西瓜种植技术推广到全国，让中国人实现了“吃瓜自由”。 【9题详解】 句意：据说，中国人吃掉了地球上近70%的西瓜。 hardly几乎不；nearly接近；lately最近，近来；loudly大声地。根据空格后的“70% of the watermelon on the earth”可知，此处指地球上近70%的西瓜，应用副词nearly来修饰。故选B。 10题详解】 句意：这位92岁的专家毕生致力于在中国种瓜。 expert专家；manager经理；businesswoman女商人；coach教练。根据下文“has devoted (致力) her life to growing melons in China.”及“In the 1990s, Wu and her team cultivated (培育) ‘8424’, a great kind of watermelon in Jiangsu and Zhejiang provinces.”可知，她一生都在研究种瓜，最后也培育了优良品种让人们可以随心所欲地吃瓜，由此可知，她是一位种瓜专家。故选A。 【11题详解】 句意：在其他人看来，吴应该在1953年大学毕业后当老师，但她决定去新疆。 or或者；for为了；so因此；but但是。根据“should have worked as a teacher”和“decided to go to Xinjiang”可知，她决定去新疆和她本应该当老师，这两者存在转折关系，应用连词but来连接。故选D。 【12题详解】 句意：她认为新疆是一个可以让她干大事的好地方。 nothing没有东西；everything所有东西，一切；something某些东西；anything任何东西。根据“do”和“great”可知此处应用do something great来表示“成就大事”。故选C。 【13题详解】 句意：尽管在当时，要在那里生活和工作是很困难的，但是她没有放弃。 Because因为；Unless除非；Until直到……为止；Although尽管。根据“it was hard to live and work there at the time”和“she didn’t”可知，尽管生活很难，但她没有放弃，应用although来引导让步状语从句。故选D。 【14题详解】 句意：尽管在当时，要在那里生活和工作是很困难的，但是她没有放弃。 fix up修理；cut up切碎；give up放弃；put up张贴。根据下一句“She spent three years going around Xinjiang and found 44 kinds of melons.”可知，她花了三年的时间找到了44种瓜，说明她没有放弃。故选C。 【15题详解】 句意：然后，吴把它带来了华北地区。 bought购买；brought带来；thought思考；fought斗争。根据上一句“In the 1990s, Wu and her team cultivated (培育) ‘8424’, a great kind of watermelon in Jiangsu and Zhejiang provinces.”可知，吴和她的团队培育了一种在江苏和浙江很好的西瓜，因此此处应是指吴把这种瓜带到了华北地区。故选B。 【16题详解】 句意：多亏了她，中国的大部分地区现在可以种植西瓜了。 Thanks to多亏，由于；As for至于；Such as比如；Up to多达。根据“most places in China grow melons now”可知，中国的大部分地区现在可以种植西瓜是因为有她，多亏了她。故选A。 【17题详解】 句意：产量高，价格自然就低，所以人们可以随心所欲地吃瓜。 high高的；low低的；expensive昂贵的；cheap便宜的。根据下文“so people can eat melons as they wish”可知，人们可以随心所欲地吃西瓜，说明价格低，应用“low”来表示。故选B。 【18题详解】 句意：吴的工作对中国的瓜类种植产生了巨大的影响。 on在.…….上；in在……里；to对于；with和。根据“made a difference”可知此处应用动词短语“make a difference to sth”表示“对某物产生巨大的影响”。故选C。 三、语法填空。 （长春模拟预测） 【19~28题答案】 【答案】19. happily 20. an 21. harmful 22. are getting 23. are killed 24. farmers 25. because 26. to save 27. who##that 28. us 【解析】 【导语】本文主要讲述了青蛙在农业中的重要作用以及它们数量减少的原因，呼吁人们保护青蛙。 【19题详解】 句意：在春天或夏天的夜晚，如果你到田野里去，你可以听到青蛙在四处快乐地歌唱。空处修饰动词singing，用副词happily“高兴地”。故填happily。 【20题详解】 句意：人们喜欢青蛙，因为它们在农田中扮演着重要的角色。play an important part in“在……方面起重要作用”，固定短语。故填an。 【21题详解】 句意：每只青蛙都会吃掉大量对作物有害的害虫。be harmful to“对……有害”，空处用形容词作表语。故填harmful。 【22题详解】 句意：但现在青蛙的数量越来越少。根据“now”可知，此处是强调现阶段正发生的事情，用现在进行时am/is/are doing，主语是复数，be用are。故填are getting。 【23题详解】 句意：这是因为它们被人类杀死并作为一道美味的菜肴端上餐桌。主语frogs与动词kill之间是被动关系，且描述客观事实，需用一般现在时的被动语态are killed。故填are killed。 【24题详解】 句意：首先，青蛙数量减少的原因是农民使用杀虫剂杀死害虫和青蛙。根据“use”可知，此处用名词复数作主语。故填farmers。 【25题详解】 句意：其次，农民捕青蛙吃，因为他们认为青蛙对他们的健康有好处。空后句是前句的原因，用because“因为”引导原因状语从句。故填because。 【26题详解】 句意：必须尽快采取一些措施来拯救青蛙。空处表示目的，用不定式作目的状语。故填to save。 【27题详解】 句意：如果我们不惩罚那些为了赚钱而贩卖和杀害青蛙的人，那么我们所有人都将因未能保护它们而受到自然的惩罚。此处是定语从句，先行词是those people，且在从句中作主语，用who/that引导定语从句。故填who/that。 【28题详解】 句意：如果我们不惩罚那些为了赚钱而贩卖和杀害青蛙的人，那么我们所有人都将因未能保护它们而受到自然的惩罚。of是介词，后跟宾格代词us“我们”。故填us。 四、阅读与表达。 （沈阳模拟预测） 【29~32题答案】 【答案】29. Because they were easy to get close to. 30. He started a zinnia garden at his house and at his junior high school. 31. They will have a new understanding of them. 32. We should protect the insects as much as possible, just like Bert. What’s more, we should turn our passion into action and try our best to call on more people to do it. 【解析】 【导语】本文介绍因为“绿色”计划而获得“青年英雄”奖的伯特热爱昆虫、保护昆虫的故事。 【29题详解】 根据“But the reason he really fell in love with them was that they were easy to get close to.”可知，伯特爱上凤蝶是因为它们容易亲近。故填Because they were easy to get close to. 【30题详解】 根据“Bert started a zinnia garden at his house, where he raised a large number of swallowtails over the years.”及“To stop swallowtails from disappearing, he also created a zinnia garden at his junior high school.”可知，为了防止凤蝶消失，他在他的家里和学校建立了百日草花园。故填He started a zinnia garden at his house and at his junior high school. 【31题详解】 根据“Whenever a swallowtail lands on them, the young students will soon fall in love with these cute insects. They will have a new understanding of them.”可知，每当凤蝶落在年轻学生们的身上时，他们都会很快爱上这些可爱的昆虫。他们会对它们有新的理解。句中第一个them指的是年轻的学生们，第二个them指的是凤蝶。故填They will have a new understanding of them. 【32题详解】 本文讲述了伯特热爱昆虫、保护昆虫故事，我们应该像他一样，尽自己最大努力保护昆虫，并号召更多人这样做。故填We should protect the insects as much as possible, just like Bert. What’s more, we should turn our passion into action and try our best to call on more people to do it. 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $