2027届高考英语一轮复习名词性从句—主语从句

该高中英语高考复习学案系统梳理了主语从句核心考点，涵盖定义、两种句式结构、引导词分类、核心语法规则、高频固定句型及重难点辨析，构建从基础到应用的知识网络，通过引导词选择、句式转换等问题链设计，引导学生自主归纳规则，形成系统认知框架。 亮点在于诊断性自测与分层训练设计，如设置15道单项选择诊断题、5句型转换及10语法填空题，帮助学生自主定位薄弱点，培养语言能力与思维品质。模块配有错题归因提示，支持个性化知识构建，教师可借学情数据精准指导，提升备考实效。

主语从句 完整汇总 知识点+习题专练 一、定义：在句子中充当主语的从句，功能等同于名词，属于名词性从句。 二、两种句式结构 1. 从句直接置于句首 从句放主句最前面作主语，结构：主语从句 + 谓语 + 其他 例：That he will attend the meeting is certain. 2. it 作形式主语（最常用） 为避免句子头重脚轻，用 it 暂代主语，真正主语从句后置。 结构：It + 谓语/表语 + 主语从句 例：It is certain that he will attend the meeting. 三、引导词分类及用法 1. that • 无词义，不充当从句成分，绝对不能省略 • 句首、后置句式均可使用 例：That she likes music is obvious.= It is obvious that she likes music. 2. whether（是否） • 有词义，不充当从句成分；句首只能用whether，不能用if 例：Whether we go or stay hasn't been decided. 3. 连接代词（what/who/whom/whose/which） • 有词义，在从句中作主语、宾语、定语 例：What you need is more time.（what 作宾语） Who will take part is unknown.（who 作主语） 4. 连接副词（when/where/why/how） • 有词义，在从句中作时间、地点、原因、方式状语 例：How we solve the problem matters a lot. 四、核心语法规则 1. 语序：从句一律使用陈述语序❌ Where does he live is unknown. ✅ Where he lives is unknown. 2. 主谓一致：单个主语从句作主语，主句谓语动词常用单数 例：What he thinks is right. 3. 时态：遵循主从句时态呼应规则；若从句为客观真理，始终用一般现在时。 五、高频固定句型（it 形式主语） 1. It is + 形容词 + that… It is clear/important/strange that… 2. It is + 名词 + that… It is a fact/a pity/a rule that… 3. It + 不及物动词 + that… It seems/happens/turns out that… 六、重难点辨析：that vs what • that：从句句子成分完整，只起连接作用，无实义 That he is late makes me angry.（从句主谓完整） • what：从句缺少主语/宾语，what 补充成分，译为“……的人/事/物” What he did makes me angry.（did 缺少宾语） 主语从句 专项练习题 一、单项选择（15题）选择合适的引导词填空。 1. ______ he will come to the party is not known yet. A. If B. Whether C. What D. That 2. ______ makes me happy is my family’s love. A. That B. What C. Which D. How 3. It is clear ______ he is good at English. A. what B. whether C. that D. why 4. ______ we will hold the sports meeting depends on the weather. A. When B. What C. That D. Who 5. It is a pity ______ you missed the wonderful film. A. how B. that C. if D. whether 6. ______ broke the window has not been found out. A. Who B. What C. Whom D. Which 7. ______ he solved the problem is a mystery to us all. A. What B. How C. That D. Which 8. It seems ______ he has known the truth. A. that B. what C. when D. where 9. ______ you choose is all right with me. A. Whatever B. What C. That D. How 10. ______ the earth goes around the sun is a basic fact. A. What B. Which C. That D. Whether 11. It is unknown ______ he will arrive. A. what B. when C. that D. how many 12. ______ I need most is more free time. A. That B. Which C. What D. How 13. ______ he will accept our advice is still a question. A. If B. Whether C. That D. What 14. It is strange ______ he didn’t answer my call. A. why B. that C. when D. where 15. ______ we should do next hasn’t been discussed. A. How B. What C. That D. When 二、句型转换（5题）将句首主语从句改写为 it 作形式主语 的句式。 1. That he will win the game is certain. 2. Where we can find help is unknown. 3. Whether she will join us is still a problem. 4. What he said moved everyone. 4. How they finished the work so fast is surprising. 三、单句语法填空（10题） 在空白处填入恰当的引导词（that, whether, what, who, when, where, why, how）。 1. __________ he will come or not is still uncertain. 2. __________ you have done is really wonderful. 3. It is obvious __________ she likes painting very much. 4. __________ will take charge of the work hasn’t been decided. 5. It is a surprise __________ he refused the invitation. 6. __________ we shall meet again depends on time. 7. __________ he learned so many languages is unbelievable. 8. __________ matters most is your attitude towards study. 9. It is unknown __________ they will build the new library. 10. __________ he will agree to our plan is doubtful. 一、单项选择（15题） 1. 答案：B 解析：句首表“是否”，只能用whether，不能用if。句意：他是否会来参加派对还不清楚。 2. 答案：B 解析：从句缺少主语，what 在从句中作成分，意为“……的事/物”；that不充当成分，how表方式，均不符合。 3. 答案：C 解析：固定句型 It is + 形容词 + that 从句，从句句意、成分完整，用that引导。 4. 答案：A 解析：根据后半句“取决于天气”，可知是问何时举办运动会，用连接副词when。 5. 答案：B 解析：固定句型 It is a pity that…（很遗憾……），从句完整，用that。 6. 答案：A 解析：从句缺少主语，指“人”，用who；whom只能作宾语。 7. 答案：B 解析：句意：他如何解决这个问题对我们所有人来说都是谜。how表方式，在从句中作状语。 8. 答案：A 解析：固定句型 It seems that…（似乎……），从句完整，用that。 9. 答案：A 解析：whatever = anything that，意为“无论什么”，语气强于普通what，贴合句意“无论你选哪个我都同意”。 10. 答案：C 解析：从句“地球绕太阳转”是完整的客观事实，只需要连接词that。 11. 答案：B 解析：句意：不知道他何时到达。when在从句中作时间状语。 12. 答案：C 解析：从句中need缺少宾语，用what（我最需要的东西）。 13. 答案：B 解析：位于句首表“是否”，用whether，if不可置于主语从句句首。 14. 答案：B 解析：固定句型 It is strange that…（很奇怪……），从句结构完整，用that。 15. 答案：B 解析：do后面缺少宾语，what作do的宾语，意为“我们接下来该做的事”。 二、句型转换（5题） 1. 答案：It is certain that he will win the game. 解析：改用it作形式主语，把原句主语从句后置，保持引导词that不变。 2. 答案：It is unknown where we can find help. 解析：it作形式主语，连接副词where引导的从句后置。 3. 答案：It is still a problem whether she will join us. 解析：whether引导的主语从句可后置，用it作形式主语。 4. 答案：It moved everyone what he said. 解析：it代指后面what引导的主语从句，置于句首。 5. 答案：It is surprising how they finished the work so fast. 解析：it作形式主语，how引导的从句后置。 三、单句语法填空（10题） 1. 答案：Whether 解析：后面有 or not，且位于句首表“是否”，必须用whether。 2. 答案：What 解析：从句缺少宾语，what指代“所做的事情”，在从句中作宾语。 3. 答案：that 解析：It is obvious that… 固定句型，从句成分、语义完整，用that。 4. 答案：Who 解析：从句缺主语，指人，用who（谁来负责这项工作还未确定）。 5. 答案：that 解析：It is a surprise that… 固定句型，从句完整，用that。 6. 答案：When 解析：句意：我们何时再见要看时间而定，when作时间状语。 7. 答案：How 解析：句意：他如何学会这么多门语言令人难以置信，how表方式。 8. 答案：What 解析：从句缺少主语，what指代“最重要的事”。 9. 答案：Where 解析：句意：不知道他们会在哪里建新图书馆，where作地点状语。 10. 答案：Whether 解析：句意：他是否会同意我们的计划还不确定，主语从句表“是否”用whether。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $