内容正文:
沪教版九年级上unit 5词汇备课
1. director /dəˈrektə(r)/ n.(电影、戏剧等的)导演
词性:名词(可数)
词义:指导电影、戏剧或电视节目制作的人
近义词:producer(制片人,职责不同)
词性转换:direct (v.) 导演;指导;direction (n.) 方向;指导
常见搭配:
· film director 电影导演
· executive director 执行总监
例句:
The director shouted “Action!” and the filming began.
(导演喊“开始!”拍摄就开始了。)
练习:
1. Who ________ (direct) this famous movie?
2. Under his ________ (direct), the team succeeded.
答案与解析:
1. directed(动词过去式)
2. direction(名词“指导”)
2. studio /ˈstjuːdiəʊ/ n.(广播、电视的)演播室
词性:名词(可数)
词义:用于拍摄节目或录制音像的房间或建筑
近义词:workshop(工作室)
常见搭配:
· recording studio 录音棚
· film studio 电影制片厂
例句:
The show is filmed in a television studio.
(这个节目在电视演播室拍摄。)
练习:
1. She works in a recording ________ (studio).
2. Many movies are made at Hollywood ________ (studio).
答案与解析:
1. studio
2. studios(复数)
3. *contestant /kənˈtestənt/ n. 比赛者;竞争者(理解即可)
词性:名词(可数)
词义:参加竞赛或游戏的人
近义词:competitor, participant
反义词:spectator(观众)
词性转换:contest (n./v.) 比赛;竞争
常见搭配:
· game show contestant 游戏节目参赛者
· top contestant 顶级选手
例句:
Each contestant had three minutes to perform.
(每位选手有3分钟表演时间。)
练习:
1. She is a ________ (contest) in the singing competition.
2. They ________ (contest) for the gold medal.
答案与解析:
1. contestant(名词)
2. contested(动词过去式,或用 contest,此处用 contest 作动词,注意形式)
4. upon /əˈpɒn/ prep. (同 on) 在……上
词性:介词
词义:与 on 同义,但更正式,常用于特定短语
近义词:on
反义词:under, below
常见搭配:
· once upon a time 从前
· upon arrival 一到达
例句:
Upon hearing the news, she burst into tears.
(一听到消息,她就哭了起来。)
练习:
1. ________ (Upon/On) entering the room, he saw a strange sight.
2. The book is lying ________ the table.
答案与解析:
1. Upon(或 On,句首大写)
2. upon(或 on)
5. *zone /zəʊn/ n. 区域(理解即可)
词性:名词(可数)
词义:有特定特征或用途的地区
近义词:area, region, district
常见搭配:
· time zone 时区
· danger zone 危险区域
例句:
This is a no-parking zone.
(这里是禁止停车区域。)
练习:
1. The city is divided into different ________ (zone).
2. What is your time ________ (zone)?
答案与解析:
1. zones(复数)
2. zone
6. outdoors /ˌaʊtˈdɔːz/ adv. 在户外;在野外
词性:副词
词义:在建筑物外面,与 indoors 相对
近义词:outside
反义词:indoors
词性转换:outdoor (adj.) 户外的
常见搭配:
· go outdoors 到户外去
· spend time outdoors 在户外度过时间
例句:
Children like to play outdoors.
(孩子们喜欢在户外玩耍。)
练习:
1. We ate ________ (outdoor) because the weather was nice.
2. ________ (Outdoor) activities are good for health.
答案与解析:
1. outdoors(副词)
2. Outdoor(形容词,注意大小写)
7. conduct /kənˈdʌkt/ v. 实施;进行
词性:动词
词义:执行、组织或开展某项活动
近义词:carry out, perform, manage
反义词:neglect
词性转换:conduct (n.) 行为(重音不同,/ˈkɒndʌkt/);conductor (n.) 指挥;售票员
常见搭配:
· conduct an experiment 做实验
· conduct a survey 进行调查
例句:
The scientist conducted a series of tests.
(这位科学家进行了一系列测试。)
练习:
1. The ________ (conduct) of the orchestra is famous.
2. His ________ (conduct) at school was excellent.
答案与解析:
1. conductor(名词“指挥”)
2. conduct(名词“行为”)
8. concert /ˈkɒnsət/ n. 音乐会;演奏会
词性:名词(可数)
词义:音乐表演
近义词:performance, show
常见搭配:
· go to a concert 去听音乐会
· live concert 现场音乐会
例句:
We attended a rock concert last night.
(我们昨晚参加了一场摇滚音乐会。)
练习:
1. How many ________ (concert) have you been to?
2. The ________ (concert) hall is very large.
答案与解析:
1. concerts
2. concert(名词作定语,concert hall)
9. *gain /ɡeɪn/ v. 获得(理解即可)
词性:动词
词义:得到有用的或想要的东西
近义词:obtain, acquire, get
反义词:lose
词性转换:gain (n.) 收益;增加
常见搭配:
· gain experience 获得经验
· gain weight 增重
例句:
He gained a lot of knowledge from reading.
(他从阅读中获得了很多知识。)
练习:
1. Regular exercise helps you ________ (gain) strength.
2. The company reported a net ________ (gain) of $1 million.
答案与解析:
1. gain(动词)
2. gain(名词)
10. recommendation /ˌrekəmenˈdeɪʃn/ n. 推荐;介绍
词性:名词(可数/不可数)
词义:对某人或某事的称赞或建议
近义词:suggestion, endorsement
反义词:criticism
词性转换:recommend (v.) 推荐;recommended (adj.) 推荐的
常见搭配:
· letter of recommendation 推荐信
· on one’s recommendation 经某人推荐
例句:
I bought this book on your recommendation.
(我是在你的推荐下买了这本书。)
练习:
1. Can you ________ (recommendation) a good restaurant?
2. The ________ (recommend) dose is two tablets a day.
答案与解析:
1. recommend(动词)
2. recommended(形容词,意为“推荐的”)
11. *plot /plɒt/ n. 故事情节(理解即可)
词性:名词(可数)
词义:小说、电影等中的情节
近义词:storyline
词性转换:plot (v.) 密谋
常见搭配:
· exciting plot 激动人心的情节
· plot twist 情节转折
例句:
The plot of this movie is very complicated.
(这部电影的情节非常复杂。)
练习:
1. The ________ (plot) of the novel is based on a true story.
2. They ________ (plot) to rob the bank.
答案与解析:
1. plot
2. plotted(动词过去式,意为“密谋”)
12. calm /kɑːm/ v. 使平静
词性:动词
词义:使某人或自己安静下来
近义词:quiet, soothe, settle
反义词:agitate, upset
词性转换:calm (adj.) 平静的;calmness (n.) 平静
常见搭配:
· calm down 冷静下来
· calm one’s nerves 镇定神经
例句:
She took a deep breath to calm herself.
(她深吸一口气让自己平静下来。)
练习:
1. The sea is very ________ (calm) today.
2. He tried to ________ (calm) the crying baby.
答案与解析:
1. calm(形容词)
2. calm(动词)
13. snowboarding /ˈsnəʊbɔːdɪŋ/ n. 滑雪板运动
词性:名词(不可数)
词义:踩在滑雪板上从雪坡滑下的运动
近义词:无
词性转换:snowboard (n.) 滑雪板;snowboard (v.) 玩滑雪板
常见搭配:
· go snowboarding 去玩滑雪板
· snowboarding competition 滑雪板比赛
例句:
Snowboarding is more exciting than skiing.
(滑雪板运动比滑雪更刺激。)
练习:
1. He bought a new ________ (snowboard).
2. They went ________ (snowboard) in the mountains.
答案与解析:
1. snowboard(名词)
2. snowboarding(动名词,go snowboarding)
14. challenging /ˈtʃælɪndʒɪŋ/ adj. 挑战性的;考验能力的
词性:形容词
词义:需要努力和技能才能完成
近义词:difficult, demanding, tough
反义词:easy, simple
词性转换:challenge (n./v.) 挑战;challenged (adj.) 受挑战的
常见搭配:
· challenging task 有挑战性的任务
· challenging situation 困难局面
例句:
The job is challenging but rewarding.
(这份工作有挑战性但值得。)
练习:
1. She ________ (challenge) me to a game of chess.
2. Learning a new language is a big ________ (challenge).
答案与解析:
1. challenged(动词过去式)
2. challenge(名词)
15. aim /eɪm/ n. 目的;目标
词性:名词(可数)
词义:想要达到的目标
近义词:goal, objective, target
词性转换:aim (v.) 瞄准;目的在于
常见搭配:
· achieve an aim 实现目标
· with the aim of 目的是
例句:
His aim is to become a doctor.
(他的目标是成为医生。)
练习:
1. You should ________ (aim) for excellence.
2. The ________ (aim) of the game is to score points.
答案与解析:
1. aim(动词)
2. aim(名词)
16. various /ˈveəriəs/ adj. 各种不同的;各种各样的
词性:形容词
词义:种类多样的
近义词:different, diverse, multiple
反义词:same, identical
词性转换:variety (n.) 多样化;vary (v.) 变化
常见搭配:
· various reasons 各种原因
· various kinds 各种种类
例句:
There are various ways to solve this problem.
(解决这个问题有各种方法。)
练习:
1. The ________ (vary) of colors in the painting is amazing.
2. Opinions ________ (various) from person to person.
答案与解析:
1. variety(名词)
2. vary(动词)
短语部分
1. lighting operator 灯光师
用法:名词短语,负责灯光操作的人
例句:
The lighting operator adjusted the lights for the scene.
(灯光师为这场戏调整了灯光。)
练习:
1. The ________ (lighting operator) works behind the scenes.
2. Without a ________ (灯光师), the stage would be dark.
答案与解析:
1. lighting operator
2. lighting operator
2. make-up artist 化妆师
用法:名词短语
例句:
The make-up artist transformed the actor into an old man.
(化妆师把演员变成了老人。)
练习:
1. She works as a ________ (make-up artist) for movies.
2. The ________ (化妆师) used special effects.
答案与解析:
1. make-up artist
2. make-up artist
3. sound operator 音响师
用法:名词短语
例句:
The sound operator controls the microphones.
(音响师控制麦克风。)
练习:
1. The ________ (sound operator) ensured clear audio.
2. A good ________ (音响师) is essential for live shows.
答案与解析:
1. sound operator
2. sound operator
4. quiz show 智力竞赛节目
用法:名词短语,问答比赛类电视节目
例句:
He won a lot of money on a quiz show.
(他在一个智力竞赛节目上赢了很多钱。)
练习:
1. “Who Wants to Be a Millionaire?” is a famous ________ (quiz show).
2. I like watching ________ (智力竞赛节目) on TV.
答案与解析:
1. quiz show
2. quiz shows
5. reality show 真人秀节目
用法:名词短语,记录真实生活的节目
例句:
Reality shows are very popular these days.
(如今真人秀非常流行。)
练习:
1. She became famous after appearing on a ________ (reality show).
2. Some ________ (真人秀节目) are scripted.
答案与解析:
1. reality show
2. reality shows
6. talent show 才艺表演
用法:名词短语,展示才艺的比赛
例句:
She sang beautifully at the school talent show.
(她在学校才艺表演上唱得很美。)
练习:
1. The ________ (talent show) had many contestants.
2. He won first place in the ________ (才艺表演).
答案与解析:
1. talent show
2. talent show
7. talk show 脱口秀
用法:名词短语,以谈话为主的节目
例句:
The famous actor appeared on a late-night talk show.
(这位著名演员上了一档深夜脱口秀。)
练习:
1. She hosts her own ________ (talk show).
2. ________ (脱口秀) often feature celebrity interviews.
答案与解析:
1. talk show
2. Talk shows
8. travel show 旅游节目
用法:名词短语
例句:
I love watching travel shows to learn about different places.
(我喜欢看旅游节目了解不同的地方。)
练习:
1. The ________ (travel show) introduced delicious food in Japan.
2. He wants to host a ________ (旅游节目) one day.
答案与解析:
1. travel show
2. travel show
9. TV drama 电视连续剧
用法:名词短语
例句:
This TV drama has 20 episodes.
(这部电视剧有20集。)
练习:
1. Korean ________ (TV drama) are very popular.
2. She stays up late watching ________ (电视连续剧).
答案与解析:
1. TV dramas
2. TV dramas
10. shine down upon somebody 照在某人身上
用法:动词短语,光线照射
例句:
The sun shone down upon the children playing in the park.
(阳光照在公园里玩耍的孩子们身上。)
练习:
1. The moonlight ________ (shine down upon) the quiet lake.
2. May the sun always ________ (照在你身上).
答案与解析:
1. shone down upon(一般过去时)
2. shine down upon you
11. pass out 昏迷;失去知觉
用法:动词短语
例句:
It was so hot that he passed out.
(天气太热,他晕了过去。)
练习:
1. She ________ (pass out) from exhaustion.
2. Be careful not to ________ (昏迷) in the sun.
答案与解析:
1. passed out
2. pass out
12. time zone 时区
用法:名词短语
例句:
Different countries are in different time zones.
(不同国家处于不同时区。)
练习:
1. New York and London have different ________ (time zone).
2. What is the ________ (时区) of Beijing?
答案与解析:
1. time zones
2. time zone
13. hang out 常去某处;闲逛
用法:动词短语
例句:
I like to hang out at the mall with my friends.
(我喜欢和朋友在商场闲逛。)
练习:
1. Where do you usually ________ (hang out) after school?
2. They ________ (hang out) together every weekend.
答案与解析:
1. hang out
2. hang out(时态由上下文决定,可用一般现在时或过去时,此处为习惯用一般现在时)
14. film review 影评
用法:名词短语
例句:
I read a film review before deciding which movie to watch.
(我决定看哪部电影之前会读影评。)
练习:
1. The ________ (film review) gave the movie 5 stars.
2. She writes ________ (影评) for a magazine.
答案与解析:
1. film review
2. film reviews
15. board game 棋类游戏
用法:名词短语
例句:
Monopoly is a popular board game.
(大富翁是一种流行的棋类游戏。)
练习:
1. We played a ________ (board game) last night.
2. Chess is my favorite ________ (棋类游戏).
答案与解析:
1. board game
2. board game
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