Unit7 语法及单元主题写作2025-2026学年沪教版八年级英语下册

本讲义聚焦初中英语过去进行时核心知识点，以“太空探索”主题为线索，通过“太空站监控回放”情境引入，系统梳理基本结构（was/were + doing）、三大用法（过去某时刻动作、持续动作、when/while连用）及时间标志词，衔接填空、句型转换等分层练习与写作应用，构建“情境感知—规则理解—技能训练—语用输出”的完整学习支架。 该资料以情境化设计激发学习兴趣，如用太空站画面解析when/while用法，助力学生在真实语境中提升语言理解与表达能力。写作模块通过“三个确定”“内容要点”等分步指导，培养学生规划与组织语篇的学习能力，课中可依托任务型练习深化语法应用，课后综合训练（完形、阅读）帮助学生查漏补缺，促进思维品质与语言能力协同发展。

( Unit 7 Space exploration ) ( Grammar ) Lead-in: 太空站监控回放 昨晚的太空站监控里记录了三段画面。请同学们读一读，想一想: 哪些动作是在过去某个时刻“正在发生”的？ Task 1: At 9:00 last night, the astronauts were checking the control panel. → 说明昨晚九点这个时刻，宇航员们正在检查控制面板。 Task 2: When the alarm rang, the engineer was recording data. → 一个动作突然发生时，另一个动作当时正在进行。 Task 3: While the robot was collecting rocks on Mars, the scientists were watching the screen. → while 可以连接两个同时进行的过去动作。 小发现: 过去进行时表示过去某一时刻或某一段时间正在进行的动作，基本结构是 was / were + doing，常和 when / while 一起使用。 Grammar Point 1: 过去进行时的基本用法 1. 基本概念 过去进行时用来表示过去某个时刻______________________________的动作，或过去一段时间持续进行的动作。 正在发生 At 8:30 yesterday evening, the students were visiting the space museum. 时态结构: was / were + ______________________________ 动词-ing The scientist was not looking at the stars at that moment. 否定形式: was / were not + ______________________________ 动词-ing Were the engineers testing a new rocket then? 一般疑问句结构: Was / Were + 主语 + ______________________________ ? 动词-ing 2. 常见用法 1. 表示过去某一时刻______________________________的动作: At 10:00 p.m., the team was discussing the flight plan. 正在进行 2. 表示过去一段时间______________________________的动作: All afternoon, the students were building a model spaceship. 持续发生 3. 表示过去的______________________________: The guide was explaining the rocket when the lights suddenly went out. 背景动作 常见时间标志有: at that time, ____________________________, this time yesterday, all morning 等。 at 8:00 last night 一、用 was / were 和括号内动词的正确形式完成句子。 1. At 7:00 yesterday evening, I __________ a video about Mars. (watch) 2. The students __________ notes while the guide was speaking. (take) 3. My brother __________ a rocket model at that time. (make) 4. We __________ not __________ the stars then. (look at) 5. __________ the astronauts __________ the machine at 9:00 p.m.? (check) 6. The scientist and his assistant __________ data all night. (record) 【答案】 1. was watching 2. were taking 3. was making 4. were; looking at 5. Were; checking 6. were recording 二、按要求完成句子。 1. The team was testing a new robot. (改为否定句) → The team __________ __________ a new robot. 2. She was reading a book about space travel. (改为一般疑问句) → __________ she __________ a book about space travel? 3. We were watching the launch at that moment. (对画线部分提问) → What __________ you __________ at that moment? 4. 昨天下午五点，我们正在参观太空展。 (翻译句子) → We __________ __________ the space show at 5:00 yesterday afternoon. 【答案】 1. was not testing 2. Was; reading 3. were; doing 4. were visiting Grammar Point 2: when / while 与过去进行时 3. when + 一般过去时，主句常用过去进行时 当一个______________________________突然发生时，常用 when 引导时间状语从句；主句常表示当时正在进行的背景动作。 短动作 I was taking photos when the model rocket started to move. The students were listening carefully when the guide asked a question. 4. while + 过去进行时 while 强调两个动作在过去同一时间内______________________________，两个分句都可以用过去进行时。 同时进行 While the robot was moving forward, the students were cheering loudly. While we were waiting outside, the teacher was buying the tickets. 5. 易错提醒 1. 过去进行时不能单独表示“突然发生”，突然发生的短动作通常用__________________。 一般过去时 2. when 后的动作常较_______________，while 后常接延续性动作或过去进行时。 短 3. 不能写成 was / were + __________________________。 动词原形 The students were __________ a video about the moon when I came in. watching 一、用 when 或 while 填空，并用括号内动词的正确形式完成句子。 1. __________ I arrived, the students were drawing a spaceship. (when / draw) 2. __________ the guide was speaking, we were taking notes. (while / take) 3. The lights went out __________ the team was testing the machine. (while / test) 4. __________ the robot moved, everyone was watching it carefully. (when / watch) 5. The teacher was explaining the plan __________ we asked questions. (while / ask) 6. __________ I was reading about space, my sister was building a model rocket. (while / build) 【答案】 1. When; were drawing 2. While; were taking 3. while; was testing 4. When; was watching 5. while; were asking 6. While; was building 二、选择正确答案。 1. We ______ a video about the moon when the bell rang. A. watched B. were watching C. watch D. are watching 2. While the scientist ______ the data, the students were writing notes. A. explained B. was explaining C. explains D. explain 3. What ______ you doing at 8:00 last night? A. are B. were C. was D. did 4. The team ______ lunch when the teacher called them. A. has B. had C. was having D. is having 5. While we ______ outside, the rain suddenly started. A. waited B. wait C. were waiting D. are waiting 【答案】 1. B 2. B 3. B 4. C 5. C 三、单项选择题 1. At this time yesterday, the astronauts ______ a spacewalk. A. had B. were having C. have D. are having 2. I ______ a report about rockets when my friend arrived. A. wrote B. am writing C. was writing D. write 3. While the students ______ the museum, the guide was introducing a space suit. A. visited B. were visiting C. visit D. are visiting 4. What ______ your parents doing when you got home? A. was B. were C. did D. are 5. The robot stopped moving when we ______ it. A. were testing B. test C. are testing D. have tested 6. She was not ______ the stars at that time. A. watch B. watched C. watching D. to watch 7. While I was reading, my brother ______ a model plane. A. made B. was making C. makes D. is making 8. The class ______ photos when the lights suddenly went out. A. took B. take C. were taking D. are taking 9. When the rocket model ______, everyone cheered. A. moved B. was moving C. moves D. move 10. We ______ not talking when the teacher came in. A. was B. were C. did D. are 【答案】 1. B 2. C 3. B 4. B 5. A 6. C 7. B 8. C 9. A 10. B Unit7 语法综合训练 一、用所给词的适当形式填空 1. At 6:00 yesterday evening, we __________ (wait) for the science show to begin. 2. The guide __________ (explain) the rocket model when I entered the hall. 3. While the students __________ (watch) the video, the teacher was taking photos. 4. What __________ you __________ (do) at that moment? 5. The robot __________ not __________ (move) when the power went off. 6. My cousin __________ (read) a book about the moon all afternoon. 7. When the bell rang, I __________ (draw) a spaceship. 8. They __________ (discuss) space travel while we were making a poster. 9. The scientist and his team __________ (test) the machine at 9:00 p.m. 10. While I __________ (write) my report, my friend was searching for pictures. 【答案】 1. were waiting 2. was explaining 3. were watching 4. were; doing 5. was; moving 6. was reading 7. was drawing 8. were discussing 9. were testing 10. was writing 二、句型转换 1. We were visiting the space museum at 10:00 yesterday. (改为否定句) → We __________ __________ the space museum at 10:00 yesterday. 2. She was taking notes during the talk. (改为一般疑问句) → __________ she __________ notes during the talk? 3. They were building a model rocket then. (对画线部分提问) → What __________ they __________ then? 4. While we were waiting, the guide was speaking. (翻译句子) → 当我们正在等待时，讲解员正在讲话。 5. The students were watching the screen when the alarm rang. (改写同义句) → __________ the alarm rang, the students __________ watching the screen. 6. He was not listening to the explanation. (翻译句子) → 他当时没有在听讲解。 7. My parents were talking about space news. (改为一般疑问句) → __________ your parents __________ about space news? 8. I was writing a report while my friend was drawing. (对画线部分提问) → What __________ you __________ while your friend was drawing? 【答案】 1. were not visiting 2. Was; taking 3. were; doing 4. While we were waiting, the guide was speaking. 5. When; were 6. He was not listening to the explanation at that time. 7. Were; talking 8. were; doing ( Writing ) 写作实例 题目: An Exciting Day of Space Exploration 写作要求: 1. 交代时间、地点和活动背景； 2. 描写活动进行时大家当时正在做什么； 3. 介绍一个突然发生或最难忘的细节； 4. 写出自己的感受与收获。 字数要求: 100-120词。 写作框架步骤详解 第一步: 三个确定 体裁: ________________ 时态: __________________ 人称: __________________ 记叙文/活动经历类短文 一般过去时 + 过去进行时 第一人称 第二步: 内容要点 1. 上周六，我们班参加了一次太空探索活动。 Last Saturday, our class ____________________ in a space exploration activity. took part 2. 当我们到达时，许多学生正在看火箭模型。 When we arrived, many students ____________________ rocket models. were watching 3. 讲解员正在介绍宇航员如何在太空工作。 The guide ____________________ how astronauts worked in space. was explaining 4. 我正在记笔记，这时一个模型突然亮了起来。 I ____________________ notes when a model suddenly lit up. was taking 5. 当我们在做实验时，老师正在给我们拍照。 While we ____________________ an experiment, the teacher was taking photos. were doing 6. 这次活动让我对太空科学更感兴趣。 The activity ____________________ me more interested in space science. made 7. 我学到了太空探索既有趣又重要。 I learned that space exploration was both ____________________ and important. interesting 8. 我感到十分兴奋，也想了解得更多。 I felt very excited and wanted ____________________ more. to learn 9. 这是一次难忘的经历。 It was ____________________ unforgettable experience. an 10. 我希望以后还能参加这样的活动。 I hope I can join ____________________ activities in the future. similar 第三步: 写作提纲 1. 引出主题 • space exploration activity ____________________ 太空探索活动 • visit a space museum 参观太空博物馆 • be excited about ____________________ 对……感到兴奋 • an unforgettable day 难忘的一天 2. 描写活动 • be watching rocket models ____________________ 正在看火箭模型 • be taking notes 正在记笔记 • be listening to the guide ____________________ 正在听讲解员讲解 • do a small experiment 做一个小实验 3. 描写亮点或突发情况 • when the lights suddenly came on ____________________ 当灯突然亮起时 • while we were waiting 当我们正在等待时 • a model rocket started to move ____________________ 一个火箭模型开始移动 • everyone cheered loudly 大家大声欢呼 4. 表达感受与收获 • learn more about space science ____________________ 了解更多太空科学知识 • become more interested in 对……更感兴趣 • feel amazed and curious ____________________ 感到惊奇又好奇 • want to explore more 想探索更多 5. 常用基本句型 1. When we arrived, many students were watching space models. 2. I was taking notes when the guide showed us a new machine. 3. While we were doing an experiment, the teacher was taking photos. 4. The activity made me more interested in space exploration. 5. It was an exciting and unforgettable experience. 6. 高分句型 1. What impressed me most was not only the models themselves, but also the spirit of exploration behind them. （最打动我的不仅是模型本身，还有它们背后的探索精神。） 2. While we were learning about rockets, I suddenly realized how important science was to our future. （当我们学习火箭知识时，我突然意识到科学对我们的未来有多重要。） 3. The more carefully we observed, the more amazing the world of space became. （我们观察得越仔细，太空世界就越令人惊叹。） 4. This activity opened a new window for me and made me want to learn more about space.（这次活动为我打开了一扇新窗，也让我更想了解太空。） 范文示例： An Exciting Day of Space Exploration Last Saturday, our class took part in a space exploration activity at the science museum. When we arrived, many students were watching rocket models and taking photos. I felt excited because everything looked new and amazing. While the guide was explaining how astronauts lived in space, I was taking notes carefully. Then something exciting happened. I was watching a model rocket when it suddenly lit up and started to move. Everyone cheered, and the teacher was smiling and taking photos of us. This activity made me more interested in space science. I learned that space exploration was not only interesting but also meaningful. It was an unforgettable day, and I hope I can join more activities like this in the future. 请根据上面的写作框架，以 “An Exciting Day of Space Exploration” 为题写一篇 100-120 词左右的英语短文。 ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ 请阅读下面短文，并从下列六个句子中选择五个还原到原文中，使原文意思完整、连贯。 Space exploration may sound far away from middle school life. __________ It can help us become more curious, careful and creative. Last month, our school held a small space science day. While some students were watching videos about rockets, others were building simple models. __________ Everyone was busy and excited. During the activity, one group was testing a paper rocket when it suddenly flew across the classroom. __________ The teacher used this moment to explain why experiments are useful. Good activities do not only teach facts. __________ Students learn how to observe, ask questions and solve problems together. After the activity, many students said they wanted to read more about space and science. __________ A. It also gives students chances to learn by doing. B. Their teacher was walking around and helping them. C. Space exploration has already finished. D. It shows students how science works in real life. E. The whole class laughed and then became even more interested. F. A good beginning can make future learning stronger. 【答案】 1. A 2. B 3. E 4. D 5. F ( H omework ) 一、根据句意及所给提示完成句子。 1. At 8:00 last night, I was w__________ a film about Mars. 2. The students were t__________ notes while the guide was speaking. 3. We felt very e__________ during the space science show. 4. A model rocket suddenly l__________ up in front of us. 5. My sister was b__________ a spaceship model at that time. 6. The visit made me more i__________ in space science. 7. The guide was e__________ how astronauts lived in space. 8. It was an u__________ experience for our whole class. 9. While we were waiting, the teacher was t__________ photos. 10. I hope to join more s__________ activities in the future. 【答案】 1. watching 2. taking 3. excited 4. lit 5. building 6. interested 7. explaining 8. unforgettable 9. taking 10. similar 二、单项选择。 1. At this time yesterday, we ______ a video about the moon. A. watched B. were watching C. watch D. are watching 2. While the guide ______, we were listening carefully. A. spoke B. was speaking C. speaks D. speak 3. What ______ you doing when the bell rang? A. was B. were C. did D. are 4. The robot ______ across the floor when the power stopped. A. moved B. was moving C. move D. moves 5. She was ______ notes at that moment. A. take B. took C. taking D. taken 6. When I came in, my classmates ______ a poster about space travel. A. made B. are making C. were making D. make 7. While we were waiting outside, the teacher ______ the tickets. A. bought B. was buying C. buys D. buy 8. The class ______ not watching TV then. A. was B. were C. did D. are 9. I was reading when my friend ______ me. A. called B. was calling C. calls D. call 10. Space activities can make students ______ more interested in science. A. feel B. felt C. feels D. feeling 【答案】 1. B 2. B 3. B 4. B 5. C 6. C 7. B 8. B 9. A 10. A 三、根据汉语提示完成句子。 1. 我昨晚八点正在看一场太空讲座。 I __________ __________ a space talk at 8:00 last night. 2. 当我们到达时，许多学生正在拍照。 When we arrived, many students __________ __________ photos. 3. 当讲解员正在讲话时，我在记笔记。 While the guide was speaking, I __________ __________ notes. 4. 这个活动让我对太空探索更感兴趣。 The activity __________ me more interested in space exploration. 5. 当灯亮起来时，我们正在看火箭模型。 We __________ __________ a rocket model when the lights came on. 6. 这是一次难忘的经历。 It was an __________ experience. 7. 他们当时没有在做实验。 They __________ not __________ an experiment then. 8. 我希望将来还能参加这样的活动。 I hope I can join __________ activities in the future. 【答案】 1. was watching 2. were taking 3. was taking 4. made 5. were watching 6. unforgettable 7. were; doing 8. similar 四、完形填空。 Last Saturday, our class visited a science museum. When we entered the space hall, many students were already looking at the models. I felt a little nervous because I knew little about rockets, but I was also very ____1____. While the guide was introducing the history of space travel, we were taking notes. Suddenly, a model rocket lit up and slowly began to move. At that moment, everyone became quiet and watched it ____2____. We were trying to understand how rockets ____3____ in real life. Our group was building a paper rocket when it fell to the floor by ____4____. We laughed, picked it up and tried again. The teacher said that mistakes were not a problem because they could help us ____5____. In the end, our rocket flew ____6____ than before, and we all cheered. This activity taught me that space exploration is not only interesting but also ____7____. It helped me understand science ____8____. I was taking photos on the bus home and thinking about one thing: learning becomes much deeper when we ____9____ it ourselves. That was the most ____10____ lesson of the day. 1. A. excited B. angry C. sleepy D. polite 2. A. carelessly B. carefully C. lazily D. sadly 3. A. worked B. slept C. arrived D. appeared 4. A. chance B. foot C. mistake D. order 5. A. improve B. shout C. hide D. rest 6. A. lower B. harder C. higher D. earlier 7. A. boring B. meaningless C. useful D. impossible 8. A. better B. less C. later D. again 9. A. forget B. experience C. draw D. borrow 10. A. noisy B. narrow C. careless D. meaningful 【答案】 1. A 2. B 3. A 4. C 5. A 6. C 7. C 8. A 9. B 10. D 五、阅读理解。 Space exploration is no longer something that only astronauts can learn about. At River Middle School, Grade 8 students recently had a “Space Discovery Day”. The school wanted students to learn science in a more active way, so teachers prepared different hands-on activities for them. In one classroom, students were watching videos about planets and satellites. In another room, they were building model rockets with paper and plastic bottles. Some students were drawing posters about life in space, while others were trying a simple experiment to understand how rockets move. Teachers walked around and encouraged students to ask questions, make guesses and test ideas. One student said that he used to think science was only about reading books and remembering facts. However, the space activities changed his mind. He was taking notes during the museum-style talk when he suddenly understood why practice mattered. Another student said she wanted to read more about astronauts after the activity. Teachers believed that space exploration was a wonderful theme because it could connect imagination with real learning. Students not only learned new facts, but also learned how to observe carefully and work with others. 1. Why did River Middle School hold a “Space Discovery Day”? A. To sell science books B. To help students learn actively C. To choose new teachers D. To prepare for a race 2. What were students doing in another room? A. Building model rockets B. Cleaning the museum C. Writing a test D. Playing games 3. What did one student understand during the talk? A. Why practice mattered B. How to sleep in space C. Why science was boring D. How to fly a real rocket 4. What did teachers think of the theme of space exploration? A. Too difficult B. Too childish C. Wonderful D. Unnecessary 5. What is the best title for the passage? A. A Hard Science Test B. Space Exploration in Daily Life C. A School Day Full of Space Learning D. How to Build a Real Rocket 【答案与解析】 1. B。解析：细节理解题。第一段提到学校想让学生以更主动的方式学习科学。 2. A。解析：细节理解题。第二段明确写到 students were building model rockets。 3. A。解析：细节理解题。第三段说他突然明白了 why practice mattered。 4. C。解析：细节理解题。第四段提到 teachers believed that space exploration was a wonderful theme。 5. C。解析：主旨大意题。全文围绕学校开展的太空探索学习日展开。 六、语法填空。 Last Friday, our school had a space science activity. When I arrived at the hall, many students __________1__________ (watch) a video about rockets. My teacher __________2__________ (stand) near the screen and was introducing the topic. Soon we moved to another room. While some classmates were drawing posters, my group __________3__________ (build) a paper rocket. We were trying again and again because our first rocket fell to the floor by mistake. At that moment, the teacher told us that mistakes could help us __________4__________ (learn). Later, I __________5__________ (take) notes when a model machine suddenly lit up. Everyone looked surprised. I felt very excited because I __________6__________ (learn) more and more about space exploration. This activity made me want __________7__________ (read) more science books. In my opinion, learning becomes much deeper when students __________8__________ (use) knowledge in real tasks. I hope our school __________9__________ (hold) more activities like this in the future, because they really __________10__________ (help) us grow. 【答案与解析】 1. were watching。解析：由 when I arrived 可知，此处表示过去当时正在进行的动作，用过去进行时。 2. was standing。解析：与后面的 introducing the topic 构成当时正在进行的动作。 3. was building。解析：主语 my group 视为单数，用 was building。 4. learn。解析：help sb. do sth. 中用动词原形。 5. was taking。解析：由 when a model machine suddenly lit up 可知，背景动作用过去进行时。 6. was learning。解析：由 more and more 可知，表示当时正在不断了解更多内容，用过去进行时更自然。 7. to read。解析：want to do sth. 是固定搭配。 8. use。解析：when 引导的从句陈述一般事实，主语 students 为复数，用动词原形。 9. will hold。解析：结合 in the future，用一般将来时。 10. help。解析：主语 they 为复数，陈述一般情况，用动词原形。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ ( Unit 7 Space exploration ) ( Grammar ) Lead-in: 太空站监控回放 昨晚的太空站监控里记录了三段画面。请同学们读一读，想一想: 哪些动作是在过去某个时刻“正在发生”的？ Task 1: At 9:00 last night, the astronauts were checking the control panel. → 说明昨晚九点这个时刻，宇航员们正在检查控制面板。 Task 2: When the alarm rang, the engineer was recording data. → 一个动作突然发生时，另一个动作当时正在进行。 Task 3: While the robot was collecting rocks on Mars, the scientists were watching the screen. → while 可以连接两个同时进行的过去动作。 小发现: 过去进行时表示过去某一时刻或某一段时间正在进行的动作，基本结构是 was / were + doing，常和 when / while 一起使用。 Grammar Point 1: 过去进行时的基本用法 1. 基本概念 过去进行时用来表示过去某个时刻______________________________的动作，或过去一段时间持续进行的动作。 At 8:30 yesterday evening, the students were visiting the space museum. 时态结构: was / were + ______________________________ The scientist was not looking at the stars at that moment. 否定形式: was / were not + ______________________________ Were the engineers testing a new rocket then? 一般疑问句结构: Was / Were + 主语 + ______________________________ ? 2. 常见用法 1. 表示过去某一时刻______________________________的动作: At 10:00 p.m., the team was discussing the flight plan. 2. 表示过去一段时间______________________________的动作: All afternoon, the students were building a model spaceship. 3. 表示过去的______________________________: The guide was explaining the rocket when the lights suddenly went out. 常见时间标志有: at that time, ____________________________, this time yesterday, all morning 等。 一、用 was / were 和括号内动词的正确形式完成句子。 1. At 7:00 yesterday evening, I __________ a video about Mars. (watch) 2. The students __________ notes while the guide was speaking. (take) 3. My brother __________ a rocket model at that time. (make) 4. We __________ not __________ the stars then. (look at) 5. __________ the astronauts __________ the machine at 9:00 p.m.? (check) 6. The scientist and his assistant __________ data all night. (record) 二、按要求完成句子。 1. The team was testing a new robot. (改为否定句) → The team __________ __________ a new robot. 2. She was reading a book about space travel. (改为一般疑问句) → __________ she __________ a book about space travel? 3. We were watching the launch at that moment. (对画线部分提问) → What __________ you __________ at that moment? 4. 昨天下午五点，我们正在参观太空展。 (翻译句子) → We __________ __________ the space show at 5:00 yesterday afternoon. Grammar Point 2: when / while 与过去进行时 3. when + 一般过去时，主句常用过去进行时 当一个______________________________突然发生时，常用 when 引导时间状语从句；主句常表示当时正在进行的背景动作。 I was taking photos when the model rocket started to move. The students were listening carefully when the guide asked a question. 4. while + 过去进行时 while 强调两个动作在过去同一时间内______________________________，两个分句都可以用过去进行时。 While the robot was moving forward, the students were cheering loudly. While we were waiting outside, the teacher was buying the tickets. 5. 易错提醒 1. 过去进行时不能单独表示“突然发生”，突然发生的短动作通常用__________________。 2. when 后的动作常较_______________，while 后常接延续性动作或过去进行时。 3. 不能写成 was / were + __________________________。 The students were __________ a video about the moon when I came in. 一、用 when 或 while 填空，并用括号内动词的正确形式完成句子。 1. __________ I arrived, the students were drawing a spaceship. (when / draw) 2. __________ the guide was speaking, we were taking notes. (while / take) 3. The lights went out __________ the team was testing the machine. (while / test) 4. __________ the robot moved, everyone was watching it carefully. (when / watch) 5. The teacher was explaining the plan __________ we asked questions. (while / ask) 6. __________ I was reading about space, my sister was building a model rocket. (while / build) 二、选择正确答案。 1. We ______ a video about the moon when the bell rang. A. watched B. were watching C. watch D. are watching 2. While the scientist ______ the data, the students were writing notes. A. explained B. was explaining C. explains D. explain 3. What ______ you doing at 8:00 last night? A. are B. were C. was D. did 4. The team ______ lunch when the teacher called them. A. has B. had C. was having D. is having 5. While we ______ outside, the rain suddenly started. A. waited B. wait C. were waiting D. are waiting 三、单项选择题 1. At this time yesterday, the astronauts ______ a spacewalk. A. had B. were having C. have D. are having 2. I ______ a report about rockets when my friend arrived. A. wrote B. am writing C. was writing D. write 3. While the students ______ the museum, the guide was introducing a space suit. A. visited B. were visiting C. visit D. are visiting 4. What ______ your parents doing when you got home? A. was B. were C. did D. are 5. The robot stopped moving when we ______ it. A. were testing B. test C. are testing D. have tested 6. She was not ______ the stars at that time. A. watch B. watched C. watching D. to watch 7. While I was reading, my brother ______ a model plane. A. made B. was making C. makes D. is making 8. The class ______ photos when the lights suddenly went out. A. took B. take C. were taking D. are taking 9. When the rocket model ______, everyone cheered. A. moved B. was moving C. moves D. move 10. We ______ not talking when the teacher came in. A. was B. were C. did D. are Unit7 语法综合训练 一、用所给词的适当形式填空 1. At 6:00 yesterday evening, we __________ (wait) for the science show to begin. 2. The guide __________ (explain) the rocket model when I entered the hall. 3. While the students __________ (watch) the video, the teacher was taking photos. 4. What __________ you __________ (do) at that moment? 5. The robot __________ not __________ (move) when the power went off. 6. My cousin __________ (read) a book about the moon all afternoon. 7. When the bell rang, I __________ (draw) a spaceship. 8. They __________ (discuss) space travel while we were making a poster. 9. The scientist and his team __________ (test) the machine at 9:00 p.m. 10. While I __________ (write) my report, my friend was searching for pictures. 二、句型转换 1. We were visiting the space museum at 10:00 yesterday. (改为否定句) → We __________ __________ the space museum at 10:00 yesterday. 2. She was taking notes during the talk. (改为一般疑问句) → __________ she __________ notes during the talk? 3. They were building a model rocket then. (对画线部分提问) → What __________ they __________ then? 4. While we were waiting, the guide was speaking. (翻译句子) → 当我们正在等待时，讲解员正在讲话。 5. The students were watching the screen when the alarm rang. (改写同义句) → __________ the alarm rang, the students __________ watching the screen. 6. He was not listening to the explanation. (翻译句子) → 他当时没有在听讲解。 7. My parents were talking about space news. (改为一般疑问句) → __________ your parents __________ about space news? 8. I was writing a report while my friend was drawing. (对画线部分提问) → What __________ you __________ while your friend was drawing? ( Writing ) 写作实例 题目: An Exciting Day of Space Exploration 写作要求: 1. 交代时间、地点和活动背景； 2. 描写活动进行时大家当时正在做什么； 3. 介绍一个突然发生或最难忘的细节； 4. 写出自己的感受与收获。 字数要求: 100-120词。 写作框架步骤详解 第一步: 三个确定 体裁: ________________ 时态: __________________ 人称: __________________ 第二步: 内容要点 1. 上周六，我们班参加了一次太空探索活动。 Last Saturday, our class ____________________ in a space exploration activity. 2. 当我们到达时，许多学生正在看火箭模型。 When we arrived, many students ____________________ rocket models. 3. 讲解员正在介绍宇航员如何在太空工作。 The guide ____________________ how astronauts worked in space. 4. 我正在记笔记，这时一个模型突然亮了起来。 I ____________________ notes when a model suddenly lit up. 5. 当我们在做实验时，老师正在给我们拍照。 While we ____________________ an experiment, the teacher was taking photos. 6. 这次活动让我对太空科学更感兴趣。 The activity ____________________ me more interested in space science. 7. 我学到了太空探索既有趣又重要。 I learned that space exploration was both ____________________ and important. 8. 我感到十分兴奋，也想了解得更多。 I felt very excited and wanted ____________________ more. 9. 这是一次难忘的经历。 It was ____________________ unforgettable experience. 10. 我希望以后还能参加这样的活动。 I hope I can join ____________________ activities in the future. 第三步: 写作提纲 1. 引出主题 • space exploration activity ____________________ • visit a space museum 参观太空博物馆 • be excited about ____________________ • an unforgettable day 难忘的一天 2. 描写活动 • be watching rocket models ____________________ • be taking notes 正在记笔记 • be listening to the guide ____________________ • do a small experiment 做一个小实验 3. 描写亮点或突发情况 • when the lights suddenly came on ____________________ • while we were waiting 当我们正在等待时 • a model rocket started to move ____________________ • everyone cheered loudly 大家大声欢呼 4. 表达感受与收获 • learn more about space science ____________________ • become more interested in 对……更感兴趣 • feel amazed and curious ____________________ • want to explore more 想探索更多 5. 常用基本句型 1. When we arrived, many students were watching space models. 2. I was taking notes when the guide showed us a new machine. 3. While we were doing an experiment, the teacher was taking photos. 4. The activity made me more interested in space exploration. 5. It was an exciting and unforgettable experience. 6. 高分句型 1. What impressed me most was not only the models themselves, but also the spirit of exploration behind them. （最打动我的不仅是模型本身，还有它们背后的探索精神。） 2. While we were learning about rockets, I suddenly realized how important science was to our future. （当我们学习火箭知识时，我突然意识到科学对我们的未来有多重要。） 3. The more carefully we observed, the more amazing the world of space became. （我们观察得越仔细，太空世界就越令人惊叹。） 4. This activity opened a new window for me and made me want to learn more about space.（这次活动为我打开了一扇新窗，也让我更想了解太空。） 请根据上面的写作框架，以 “An Exciting Day of Space Exploration” 为题写一篇 100-120 词左右的英语短文。 ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ 请阅读下面短文，并从下列六个句子中选择五个还原到原文中，使原文意思完整、连贯。 Space exploration may sound far away from middle school life. __________ It can help us become more curious, careful and creative. Last month, our school held a small space science day. While some students were watching videos about rockets, others were building simple models. __________ Everyone was busy and excited. During the activity, one group was testing a paper rocket when it suddenly flew across the classroom. __________ The teacher used this moment to explain why experiments are useful. Good activities do not only teach facts. __________ Students learn how to observe, ask questions and solve problems together. After the activity, many students said they wanted to read more about space and science. __________ A. It also gives students chances to learn by doing. B. Their teacher was walking around and helping them. C. Space exploration has already finished. D. It shows students how science works in real life. E. The whole class laughed and then became even more interested. F. A good beginning can make future learning stronger. ( H omework ) 一、根据句意及所给提示完成句子。 1. At 8:00 last night, I was w__________ a film about Mars. 2. The students were t__________ notes while the guide was speaking. 3. We felt very e__________ during the space science show. 4. A model rocket suddenly l__________ up in front of us. 5. My sister was b__________ a spaceship model at that time. 6. The visit made me more i__________ in space science. 7. The guide was e__________ how astronauts lived in space. 8. It was an u__________ experience for our whole class. 9. While we were waiting, the teacher was t__________ photos. 10. I hope to join more s__________ activities in the future. 二、单项选择。 1. At this time yesterday, we ______ a video about the moon. A. watched B. were watching C. watch D. are watching 2. While the guide ______, we were listening carefully. A. spoke B. was speaking C. speaks D. speak 3. What ______ you doing when the bell rang? A. was B. were C. did D. are 4. The robot ______ across the floor when the power stopped. A. moved B. was moving C. move D. moves 5. She was ______ notes at that moment. A. take B. took C. taking D. taken 6. When I came in, my classmates ______ a poster about space travel. A. made B. are making C. were making D. make 7. While we were waiting outside, the teacher ______ the tickets. A. bought B. was buying C. buys D. buy 8. The class ______ not watching TV then. A. was B. were C. did D. are 9. I was reading when my friend ______ me. A. called B. was calling C. calls D. call 10. Space activities can make students ______ more interested in science. A. feel B. felt C. feels D. feeling 三、根据汉语提示完成句子。 1. 我昨晚八点正在看一场太空讲座。 I __________ __________ a space talk at 8:00 last night. 2. 当我们到达时，许多学生正在拍照。 When we arrived, many students __________ __________ photos. 3. 当讲解员正在讲话时，我在记笔记。 While the guide was speaking, I __________ __________ notes. 4. 这个活动让我对太空探索更感兴趣。 The activity __________ me more interested in space exploration. 5. 当灯亮起来时，我们正在看火箭模型。 We __________ __________ a rocket model when the lights came on. 6. 这是一次难忘的经历。 It was an __________ experience. 7. 他们当时没有在做实验。 They __________ not __________ an experiment then. 8. 我希望将来还能参加这样的活动。 I hope I can join __________ activities in the future. 四、完形填空。 Last Saturday, our class visited a science museum. When we entered the space hall, many students were already looking at the models. I felt a little nervous because I knew little about rockets, but I was also very ____1____. While the guide was introducing the history of space travel, we were taking notes. Suddenly, a model rocket lit up and slowly began to move. At that moment, everyone became quiet and watched it ____2____. We were trying to understand how rockets ____3____ in real life. Our group was building a paper rocket when it fell to the floor by ____4____. We laughed, picked it up and tried again. The teacher said that mistakes were not a problem because they could help us ____5____. In the end, our rocket flew ____6____ than before, and we all cheered. This activity taught me that space exploration is not only interesting but also ____7____. It helped me understand science ____8____. I was taking photos on the bus home and thinking about one thing: learning becomes much deeper when we ____9____ it ourselves. That was the most ____10____ lesson of the day. 1. A. excited B. angry C. sleepy D. polite 2. A. carelessly B. carefully C. lazily D. sadly 3. A. worked B. slept C. arrived D. appeared 4. A. chance B. foot C. mistake D. order 5. A. improve B. shout C. hide D. rest 6. A. lower B. harder C. higher D. earlier 7. A. boring B. meaningless C. useful D. impossible 8. A. better B. less C. later D. again 9. A. forget B. experience C. draw D. borrow 10. A. noisy B. narrow C. careless D. meaningful 五、阅读理解。 Space exploration is no longer something that only astronauts can learn about. At River Middle School, Grade 8 students recently had a “Space Discovery Day”. The school wanted students to learn science in a more active way, so teachers prepared different hands-on activities for them. In one classroom, students were watching videos about planets and satellites. In another room, they were building model rockets with paper and plastic bottles. Some students were drawing posters about life in space, while others were trying a simple experiment to understand how rockets move. Teachers walked around and encouraged students to ask questions, make guesses and test ideas. One student said that he used to think science was only about reading books and remembering facts. However, the space activities changed his mind. He was taking notes during the museum-style talk when he suddenly understood why practice mattered. Another student said she wanted to read more about astronauts after the activity. Teachers believed that space exploration was a wonderful theme because it could connect imagination with real learning. Students not only learned new facts, but also learned how to observe carefully and work with others. 1. Why did River Middle School hold a “Space Discovery Day”? A. To sell science books B. To help students learn actively C. To choose new teachers D. To prepare for a race 2. What were students doing in another room? A. Building model rockets B. Cleaning the museum C. Writing a test D. Playing games 3. What did one student understand during the talk? A. Why practice mattered B. How to sleep in space C. Why science was boring D. How to fly a real rocket 4. What did teachers think of the theme of space exploration? A. Too difficult B. Too childish C. Wonderful D. Unnecessary 5. What is the best title for the passage? A. A Hard Science Test B. Space Exploration in Daily Life C. A School Day Full of Space Learning D. How to Build a Real Rocket 六、语法填空。 Last Friday, our school had a space science activity. When I arrived at the hall, many students __________1__________ (watch) a video about rockets. My teacher __________2__________ (stand) near the screen and was introducing the topic. Soon we moved to another room. While some classmates were drawing posters, my group __________3__________ (build) a paper rocket. We were trying again and again because our first rocket fell to the floor by mistake. At that moment, the teacher told us that mistakes could help us __________4__________ (learn). Later, I __________5__________ (take) notes when a model machine suddenly lit up. Everyone looked surprised. I felt very excited because I __________6__________ (learn) more and more about space exploration. This activity made me want __________7__________ (read) more science books. In my opinion, learning becomes much deeper when students __________8__________ (use) knowledge in real tasks. I hope our school __________9__________ (hold) more activities like this in the future, because they really __________10__________ (help) us grow. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $