暑假作业03 不定代词（巩固培优）七年级英语新教材外研版

**基本信息** 聚焦不定代词系统性训练，通过定义 - 用法 - 辨析三级逻辑构建知识体系，提炼指代范围、主谓一致等核心解题方法，提升语言应用与思维辨析能力。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|方法提炼|知识逻辑| |----|----|----|----| |知识点讲解|5类代词（含例句）|按“指代范围（两者/三者及以上）+语义（肯定/否定）+主谓一致”分层归纳|从基本定义到具体用法，再到拓展搭配，形成概念生成 - 原理推导 - 应用拓展链条| |核心辨析|3组对比（含典例）|否定词（neither/none）、范围词（either/both）等易混点对比法|通过横向对比明确代词适用边界，培养分析比较思维| |单项选择|10题（覆盖高频考法）|情境分析法（结合数量/范围提示词判断）|对应指代范围、否定含义等核心考点，强化语言运用能力| |完成句子|10题（句式转换）|固定搭配法（both...and...等并列结构）|从单句填空到句式转换，提升灵活表达与知识迁移能力|

完成时间： 月 日 今日打卡：☐ 已完成 用时： min 自评勋章： 作业03 不定代词 一、不定代词基本定义 不定代词是不明确指代特定人、事物或数量的代词。both、all、either、neither、none。这类代词主要用来表示人或事物的数量、范围与肯定/否定含义，可单独使用，也可后接 of + 复数名词/代词 构成短语，在句中能充当主语、宾语、定语等成分，使用时重点区分指代范围（两者/三者及以上）、语义（肯定/否定）和主谓一致。 二、不定代词的用法 （一）both 1. 含义与指代范围 表示两者都，仅用来指代两个人或两个事物，属于肯定含义，只用于可数概念。 2. 基本用法 可单独使用，也可搭配 both of + 复数名词/人称代词宾格，of 后名词必须是复数，代词只能用宾格形式。 句中位置：置于实义动词之前，be动词、情态动词、助动词之后。 主谓一致：无论单独作主语，还是 both of 短语作主语，谓语动词一律用复数形式。 3. 例句 单独使用：Both are good. 两个都很好。 接 of 短语：Both of them are doctors. 他们两人都是医生。 位置用法： We both love sports.（实义动词前）我们俩都热爱运动。 They are both from China.（be动词后）他们俩都来自中国。 4. 拓展 常用搭配 both...and...，意为“两者都；既……又……”，连接两个并列成分；连接并列主语时，谓语动词用复数。 例：Both Lily and Lucy like dancing. 莉莉和露西都喜欢跳舞。 （二）all 1. 含义与指代范围 表示全部、都，指代三者或三者以上的人/事物，也可指代不可数名词，表整体概念，为肯定含义。 2. 基本用法 可单独使用，也可搭配 all of + 复数名词/代词宾格。 句中位置规则和 both 一致：实义动词前，be动词/情态动词后。 主谓一致： ① 指代可数名词复数（三者及以上），谓语动词用复数； ② 指代不可数名词（物质、抽象概念等），谓语动词用单数。 3. 例句 指代可数复数：All of my classmates study hard. 我所有同学学习都很努力。 指代不可数名词：All the food is delicious. 所有食物都很美味。 位置用法： We all know him. 我们所有人都认识他。 The books are all new. 这些书全是新的。 4. 拓展 all 还可修饰单数名词，表示“整个的”，例：all the day 一整天。 （三）either 1. 含义与指代范围 表示两者中的任意一个，限定范围严格为两者，表肯定选择。 2. 基本用法 常用结构：either of + 复数名词/代词宾格，强调两者中任选其一。 也可直接作定语，修饰单数名词。 主谓一致：either 或 either of 短语作主语时，谓语动词必须用单数形式。 3. 例句 接 of 短语：Either of the two bags is mine. 两个包随便哪一个都是我的。 作定语：You can choose either way. 两条路你任选一条。 4. 拓展 常用搭配 either...or...，意为“要么……要么……；或者……或者……”，连接并列主语时，遵循就近原则，谓语动词随靠近的主语变化。 例：Either you or he is wrong. 不是你错，就是他错。 （四）neither 1. 含义与指代范围 表示两者都不，是对两个人/两件事物的完全否定，范围仅限两者。 2. 基本用法 常用结构：neither of + 复数名词/代词宾格。 主谓一致：neither 或 neither of 短语作主语时，谓语动词常规用单数形式（正式书面语为主）。 3. 例句 Neither of the two boys likes math. 这两个男孩都不喜欢数学。 4. 拓展 常用搭配 neither...nor...，意为“既不……也不……”，连接并列主语时同样遵循就近原则。 例：Neither Tom nor I am late. 汤姆和我都没有迟到。 （五）none 1. 含义与指代范围 表示三者及以上都不，针对三个或更多人/事物进行全部否定；也可否定不可数名词。 2. 基本用法 常用结构：none of + 复数名词/代词宾格。 特殊用法：专门用来回答 How many（多少，可数） 和 How much（多少，不可数） 引导的数量问句，侧重“数量上一个也没有”。 主谓一致：none of 短语作主语时，谓语动词单数、复数形式均可。正式文体多用单数，口语中常用复数。 3. 例句 否定可数名词：None of the flowers is/are red. 这些花没有一朵是红色的。 否定不可数名词：None of the water is left. 一点水都没剩下。 回答数量问句： — How many pens do you have? 你有多少支钢笔？ — None. 一支也没有。 4. 易混区分 none 侧重数量否定；而 no one 只指代人，侧重“没有人”，不回答 how many 问句。 三、核心辨析 1. 按指代范围划分 两者范围：肯定用 both（都）、either（任意一个）；否定用 neither（都不）。 三者及以上/不可数：肯定用 all（全部）；否定用 none（全都不）。 2. 否定词区分 1. neither vs none neither：只否定两者；none：否定三者及以上或不可数名词。 例：Neither of the two cups is broken.（两个杯子都没坏） None of the five cups is broken.（五个杯子都没坏） 2. either vs neither 同为两者范围，either 表肯定选择（任一），neither 表全部否定（都不）。 3. 主谓一致汇总 1. both / all（指代可数复数）→ 谓语复数 2. all（指代不可数名词）→ 谓语单数 3. either / neither → 谓语单数 4. none → 谓语单复数均可 四、通用使用规则 1. of 后接词要求 both of / all of / either of / neither of / none of 后，接人称代词必须用宾格（them/us/you）；接名词必须用复数形式。 正确：both of us；错误：both of we 2. 位置通用规则 both 和 all 在句中位置一致：实义动词前，be动词、情态动词、助动词后； either、neither、none 一般置于句首或名词前，无此类位置变化。 3. 句式拓展（并列连词） both...and...：两者都，谓语用复数 either...or... / neither...nor...：要么…要么…/既不…也不…，谓语遵循就近原则 一、单项选择 1．—I want to eat some apples. But there are ________ in the fridge. Can you go out and buy some? —Of course. A．nobody B．nothing C．none D．anything 2．There are many shops on ________ side of the street but ________ of them open at 7:00 in the morning. A．both; none B．both; all C．either; all D．either; none 3．There are many fun activities, but ________ of my family likes playing video games too much. A．none B．all C．both D．either 4．—There are two evening clubs you might like: the Reading Club on Monday and the Robotics Club on Wednesday. —Well, I’m free on ________ evenings, so I’ll think about which one interests me more. A．either B．neither C．all D．both 5．—We can buy a new car this year or we can go on holiday, but we can’t do ________. —That’s true. It’s an either-or situation. A．all B．either C．neither D．both 6．—I have never been to the new science museum.   —________. Let’s go there tomorrow. A．So have I B．Neither gone to C．So I have D．Neither have I 7．—Which smartwatch do you like ________, the red one or the black one? —________. The red one is too big while the black one is too expensive. A．best, Both B．better, Neither C．best, All D．better, None 8．—There are two textbooks for the IT course. Do I need to buy both? —No. ________ of the two books is suitable for the course, so you can choose whichever you prefer. A．Both B．Neither C．Either D．None 9．—What would you like for your birthday, noodles or a birthday cake? —________ is OK. I just hope Mom and you can be with me. A．Each B．None C．Either D．Neither 10．—Which skirt do you like better, the blue one or the green one? —________. They don’t look good on me. A．Either B．Both C．Neither D．All 二、完成句子 1．他的家人都不担心，也没有试图阻止他。 ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ worried or tried to stop him. 2．他的成绩和他的品格都值得我们学习。 ________ his grades ________ his character are worth learning from. 3．在中国，与长辈递接物品时使用双手是很好的。 In China, it’s good to use ________ hands to give something to the ________ or get something from them. 4．莉莉今天早晨没有吃早餐，我也没有。 Lily didn’t have breakfast this morning and _________ _________ I. 5．他们两个都没有通过这次考试。 _________ _________ them passed the exam. 6．He’s never seen the alien, I haven’t, either. (改为同义句) He’s never seen the alien, ________ ________ I. 7．He didn’t agree with them. I didn’t, either.（改为同义句） He didn’t agree with them and ______ ______ I. 8．Linda can’t swim and neither can I. (同义句转换) Linda can’t swim. I ________. 9．They both love English. (改为同义句) ________ ________ them love English. 10．We all had a fantastic time in Suzhou last Sunday. __________ __________ __________ had great __________ in Suzhou last Sunday. 一、完形填空 阅读下面短文，从所给的四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Have you heard of “Color Walk”? It is a new and popular activity among young people in China this spring. It is 1 city walking, but more fun and different. Here is how it works. Before you go out, you choose a 2 , like yellow, blue, or green. Then, you start walking on the streets. As you walk, you look for things in that color and 3 photos of them. A yellow flower, a blue bike, a green sign—anything goes! After your walk, you put the photos together and 4 them online. Why do so many people 5 Color Walk? First, it is very easy to do. You don’t need to travel far or spend a lot of 6 . You can do it in your own neighborhood (小区) or on your way to school. Second, it helps people 7 . When you focus on finding colors, you stop worrying about homework or other things. It’s like a little vacation for your 8 . Color Walk also helps people see their city in a new way. They start to 9 small, beautiful things they never saw before — a bright wall, a colorful shop, or a pretty flower. The whole city becomes a playground. So next time you go out, why not try a Color Walk? Pick a color, take a walk, and 10 the colorful world around you! 1．A．by B．for C．as D．like 2．A．color B．way C．place D．friend 3．A．buy B．take C．draw D．make 4．A．share B．hide C．burn D．forget 5．A．hate B．enjoy C．avoid D．dislike 6．A．room B．water C．food D．money 7．A．work B．study C．relax D．run 8．A．body B．hand C．mind D．foot 9．A．miss B．notice C．lose D．break 10．A．discover B．fight C．choose D．paint 二、语法选择 What do you know about jianzi? It has 1 long history in China and there are many matches about it. We can often see people play jianzi in parks and on playgrounds. It doesn’t need practice and it is easy 2 . Jianzi is many children’s favourite sport, and it is also 3 . I like playing it very much. I 4 play it with my good friends at least (至少) twice a day. During breaks or after finishing our homework, we play in small 5 . In winter, sometimes it is really cold, 6 we sweat (出汗) a lot when we play it. We are all full 7 energy. It’s a good way to keep warm and active. Playing jianzi builds up (增强) our bodies and makes us strong. Jianzi is very small but it brings us 8 fun in our daily life. It can turn a(n) 9 afternoon into an interesting and relaxing time. Jianzi 10 more than just a sport. It’s a part of Chinese culture. 1．A．a B．/ C．an D．the 2．A．jog B．to jog C．learn D．to learn 3．A．me B．mine C．my D．I 4．A．never B．seldom C．always D．hardly 5．A．bill B．bills C．group D．groups 6．A．but B．and C．because D．so 7．A．from B．of C．with D．in 8．A．many B．a few C．much D．few 9．A．exciting B．excited C．bored D．boring 10．A．is B．am C．are D．be 三、选词填空 阅读短文，从方框中选出恰当的单词并用其适当形式填空，使短文通顺、意义完整。每空仅填一词，每词仅用一次。 important    three    be    interested    have    hour    you    at    a    health Do you love exercising? What kind of exercise are you 1 in? If you want to try a new one, yoga (瑜伽) can be 2 good choice. Yoga is great exercise and it helps people relax and keep 3 . It comes from India and it 4 a long history. Everyone can do yoga 5 home. Here 6 some advice for you. First, don’t eat anything two 7 before practising yoga. Second, wear comfortable clothes, and take off your shoes and socks. 8 , start with some easy poses (姿势). Practise for about 15 to 30 minutes, and listen to 9 body. If everything is OK, you can go on or try some difficult poses. If you don’t feel well, you have to stop (停止). Remember, it’s 10 to stay safe! 四、短文填空 阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。 Tom is one of the most popular 1 (student) in our school. He loves sports and is full 2 energy every day. Every morning, he wakes up early 3 (go) jogging, no matter what the weather is like. At school, Tom is 4 star in the team. He runs very fast and often 5 (break) the school’s short-distance running records. During last week’s school sports day, he not only won first place in the 100-metre race but also 6 (jump) the farthest in the long jump competition. Besides 7 (run) and long jump, he is also good at swimming. Every Wednesday afternoon, he 8 (go) to the school swimming pool with his friends.    Tom not only loves sports himself 9 also encourages other students to join in. He believes that sports can build up one’s body. Because of him, more and 10 (many) students have joined the school sports teams. 跨学科阅读理解： Yoga – More Than a Sport （英语+体育健康） Do you know about yoga? It is a popular sport, and many people like doing it in their free time now. They think yoga can not only help them keep healthy but also make them feel relaxed. In fact, yoga isn’t a new thing. People in India started practising it around 5,000 years ago. At that time, people found that many plants and animals could heal their injuries quickly. So they started to copy their movements, and then the sport of yoga came to the world soon. Now over 300 million people in the world are practising yoga. That’s because yoga has many good points for our physical and mental health. According to NHS England (英国国民保健署), yoga can make your muscles stronger, improve your flexibility, and help you get a good night's sleep. What’s more, yoga is suitable for everyone. Young kids, teenagers or old people, all can learn it. Famous tennis player Novak Djokovic practises yoga, too. “Yoga helps me be the best and stops me from getting hurt in games,” he says. For students, yoga can also reduce exam stress and improve focus in class. If you want to start practising yoga safely, here are some sports health tips for you: 1. Wear comfortable clothes and take off your shoes and socks. 2. Don’t eat anything 2 to 4 hours before doing yoga to avoid stomach discomfort. 3. Practise in a quiet, comfortable place. You can play soft music or practise outside in a park. 4. Start with easy movements. Never push your body too hard, as it may lead to serious injury. 5. Keep going. Do it for 30 minutes every day. If you are busy, practising three times a week will also work well. 1. Which of the following is NOT a health benefit of yoga mentioned in the passage? A. It helps people keep healthy and relaxed. B. It makes people’s muscles stronger and improves flexibility. C. It can completely cure serious diseases in a short time. D. It helps people sleep better and reduce stress. 2. Why does the writer mention Novak Djokovic in the passage? A. To tell readers that tennis players only do yoga. B. To show that yoga is popular with famous people only. C. To give an example to prove yoga can help avoid sports injuries. D. To compare tennis with yoga. 3. The underlined word “flexibility” in Paragraph 3 probably means “______” in Chinese. A. 力量 B. 柔韧性 C. 耐力 D. 速度 4. Which of the following tips about practising yoga is correct according to the passage? A. You can eat a full meal right before doing yoga. B. You should wear tight clothes and keep your shoes on. C. You can practise yoga in a quiet park with soft music. D. You must do yoga for an hour every day no matter how busy you are. 5. Look at the four pictures below and choose the right way to practise yoga safely. A. B. C. D. 1 / 8 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 完成时间： 月 日 今日打卡：☐ 已完成 用时： min 自评勋章： 作业03 不定代词 一、不定代词基本定义 不定代词是不明确指代特定人、事物或数量的代词。both、all、either、neither、none。这类代词主要用来表示人或事物的数量、范围与肯定/否定含义，可单独使用，也可后接 of + 复数名词/代词 构成短语，在句中能充当主语、宾语、定语等成分，使用时重点区分指代范围（两者/三者及以上）、语义（肯定/否定）和主谓一致。 二、不定代词的用法 （一）both 1. 含义与指代范围 表示两者都，仅用来指代两个人或两个事物，属于肯定含义，只用于可数概念。 2. 基本用法 可单独使用，也可搭配 both of + 复数名词/人称代词宾格，of 后名词必须是复数，代词只能用宾格形式。 句中位置：置于实义动词之前，be动词、情态动词、助动词之后。 主谓一致：无论单独作主语，还是 both of 短语作主语，谓语动词一律用复数形式。 3. 例句 单独使用：Both are good. 两个都很好。 接 of 短语：Both of them are doctors. 他们两人都是医生。 位置用法： We both love sports.（实义动词前）我们俩都热爱运动。 They are both from China.（be动词后）他们俩都来自中国。 4. 拓展 常用搭配 both...and...，意为“两者都；既……又……”，连接两个并列成分；连接并列主语时，谓语动词用复数。 例：Both Lily and Lucy like dancing. 莉莉和露西都喜欢跳舞。 （二）all 1. 含义与指代范围 表示全部、都，指代三者或三者以上的人/事物，也可指代不可数名词，表整体概念，为肯定含义。 2. 基本用法 可单独使用，也可搭配 all of + 复数名词/代词宾格。 句中位置规则和 both 一致：实义动词前，be动词/情态动词后。 主谓一致： ① 指代可数名词复数（三者及以上），谓语动词用复数； ② 指代不可数名词（物质、抽象概念等），谓语动词用单数。 3. 例句 指代可数复数：All of my classmates study hard. 我所有同学学习都很努力。 指代不可数名词：All the food is delicious. 所有食物都很美味。 位置用法： We all know him. 我们所有人都认识他。 The books are all new. 这些书全是新的。 4. 拓展 all 还可修饰单数名词，表示“整个的”，例：all the day 一整天。 （三）either 1. 含义与指代范围 表示两者中的任意一个，限定范围严格为两者，表肯定选择。 2. 基本用法 常用结构：either of + 复数名词/代词宾格，强调两者中任选其一。 也可直接作定语，修饰单数名词。 主谓一致：either 或 either of 短语作主语时，谓语动词必须用单数形式。 3. 例句 接 of 短语：Either of the two bags is mine. 两个包随便哪一个都是我的。 作定语：You can choose either way. 两条路你任选一条。 4. 拓展 常用搭配 either...or...，意为“要么……要么……；或者……或者……”，连接并列主语时，遵循就近原则，谓语动词随靠近的主语变化。 例：Either you or he is wrong. 不是你错，就是他错。 （四）neither 1. 含义与指代范围 表示两者都不，是对两个人/两件事物的完全否定，范围仅限两者。 2. 基本用法 常用结构：neither of + 复数名词/代词宾格。 主谓一致：neither 或 neither of 短语作主语时，谓语动词常规用单数形式（正式书面语为主）。 3. 例句 Neither of the two boys likes math. 这两个男孩都不喜欢数学。 4. 拓展 常用搭配 neither...nor...，意为“既不……也不……”，连接并列主语时同样遵循就近原则。 例：Neither Tom nor I am late. 汤姆和我都没有迟到。 （五）none 1. 含义与指代范围 表示三者及以上都不，针对三个或更多人/事物进行全部否定；也可否定不可数名词。 2. 基本用法 常用结构：none of + 复数名词/代词宾格。 特殊用法：专门用来回答 How many（多少，可数） 和 How much（多少，不可数） 引导的数量问句，侧重“数量上一个也没有”。 主谓一致：none of 短语作主语时，谓语动词单数、复数形式均可。正式文体多用单数，口语中常用复数。 3. 例句 否定可数名词：None of the flowers is/are red. 这些花没有一朵是红色的。 否定不可数名词：None of the water is left. 一点水都没剩下。 回答数量问句： — How many pens do you have? 你有多少支钢笔？ — None. 一支也没有。 4. 易混区分 none 侧重数量否定；而 no one 只指代人，侧重“没有人”，不回答 how many 问句。 三、核心辨析 1. 按指代范围划分 两者范围：肯定用 both（都）、either（任意一个）；否定用 neither（都不）。 三者及以上/不可数：肯定用 all（全部）；否定用 none（全都不）。 2. 否定词区分 1. neither vs none neither：只否定两者；none：否定三者及以上或不可数名词。 例：Neither of the two cups is broken.（两个杯子都没坏） None of the five cups is broken.（五个杯子都没坏） 2. either vs neither 同为两者范围，either 表肯定选择（任一），neither 表全部否定（都不）。 3. 主谓一致汇总 1. both / all（指代可数复数）→ 谓语复数 2. all（指代不可数名词）→ 谓语单数 3. either / neither → 谓语单数 4. none → 谓语单复数均可 四、通用使用规则 1. of 后接词要求 both of / all of / either of / neither of / none of 后，接人称代词必须用宾格（them/us/you）；接名词必须用复数形式。 正确：both of us；错误：both of we 2. 位置通用规则 both 和 all 在句中位置一致：实义动词前，be动词、情态动词、助动词后； either、neither、none 一般置于句首或名词前，无此类位置变化。 3. 句式拓展（并列连词） both...and...：两者都，谓语用复数 either...or... / neither...nor...：要么…要么…/既不…也不…，谓语遵循就近原则 一、单项选择 1．—I want to eat some apples. But there are ________ in the fridge. Can you go out and buy some? —Of course. A．nobody B．nothing C．none D．anything 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——我想吃一些苹果。但是冰箱里一个也没有。你能出去买一些吗？——当然可以。 nobody没有人；nothing没有什么东西，泛指一切；none一个也没有，特指上文提到的同类事物；anything任何东西。根据“I want to eat some apples”及“Can you go out and buy some?”可知，冰箱里没有苹果了。none指代上文提到的可数名词复数，意为“一个（苹果）也没有”，且与谓语are搭配合理。 2．There are many shops on ________ side of the street but ________ of them open at 7:00 in the morning. A．both; none B．both; all C．either; all D．either; none 【答案】D 【详解】句意：街道的每一边都有很多商店，但它们中没有一家在早上7点开门。 both两者都，后接复数名词；either两者之一，后接单数名词；none一个也没有（三者及以上）；all全部。根据第一个空后的“side”为单数，可知应填either，表示“街道的任意一边”，即“on either side of the street”；再根据but表转折，可知后半句意为“但没有一家在早上7点开门”，应填none。 3．There are many fun activities, but ________ of my family likes playing video games too much. A．none B．all C．both D．either 【答案】A 【详解】句意：有很多娱乐活动，但我的家人中没有人太喜欢玩电子游戏。 none没有一个，毫无（常用于‌三者或三者以上的人或物‌的否定）；all所有的，全部的（常用于‌三者或三者以上的人或物‌的肯定）；both两者都；either两者任一。根据句中的转折词but和谓语动词likes（第三人称单数形式）可知，此处表达的是“没有一个家人喜欢玩电子游戏”，只有none符合语法和语境。 4．—There are two evening clubs you might like: the Reading Club on Monday and the Robotics Club on Wednesday. —Well, I’m free on ________ evenings, so I’ll think about which one interests me more. A．either B．neither C．all D．both 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——有两个晚间俱乐部你可能会喜欢：周一的阅读俱乐部和周三的机器人俱乐部。——嗯，我周一和周三两个晚上都有空，所以我会考虑哪一个更让我感兴趣。 either两者中的一个；neither两者都不；all三者或三者以上都；both两者都。根据“the Reading Club on Monday and the Robotics Club on Wednesday”以及“I’m free on...evenings”可知，此处指周一和周三这两个晚上都有空，应填both。 5．—We can buy a new car this year or we can go on holiday, but we can’t do ________. —That’s true. It’s an either-or situation. A．all B．either C．neither D．both 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——我们今年可以买一辆新车，也可以去度假，但我们不能两者都做。——确实是这样。这是一个二选一的情况。 all（三者及以上）都；either两者之一；neither两者都不；both两者都。根据“It’s an either-or situation.”可知，这是一个二选一的情况，即不能同时选择两个选项，所以“我们”不能两者都做，此处应用both，与前面的can’t构成否定，表示“不能两者都……”。 6．—I have never been to the new science museum.   —________. Let’s go there tomorrow. A．So have I B．Neither gone to C．So I have D．Neither have I 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——我从未去过新的科学博物馆。——我也没去过，我们明天一起去吧。 So have I用于肯定句，表示“我也是”；Neither gone to语法错误，缺少助动词；So I have强调的确如此，但通常用于回应，且结构不对；Neither have I意为“我也没去过”。原句“I have never been to the new science museum”是否定句，表示“我从未去过”。如要回答“我也没去过”时，应使用否定倒装，结构为“Neither+助动词+主语”。D项符合。 7．—Which smartwatch do you like ________, the red one or the black one? —________. The red one is too big while the black one is too expensive. A．best, Both B．better, Neither C．best, All D．better, None 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——你更喜欢哪款智能手表，红色的还是黑色的？——都不喜欢。红色的太大，黑色的太贵。 best最好的（最高级）；better更好的（比较级）；Both两者都；Neither两者都不；All三者或以上都；None三者或以上都不。第一空根据“the red one or the black one”可知是两者比较，应用比较级better；第二空根据“The red one is too big while the black one is too expensive”可知，两款都不喜欢，应用Neither。 8．—There are two textbooks for the IT course. Do I need to buy both? —No. ________ of the two books is suitable for the course, so you can choose whichever you prefer. A．Both B．Neither C．Either D．None 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——这门信息技术课有两本教材。我需要两本都买吗？ ——不用。这两本书中的任意一本都适合这门课，所以你可以选你更喜欢的那本。 both两者都；neither两者都不；either两者中的任意一个；none三者或三者以上都不。根据答句“No.”以及“so you can choose whichever you prefer.”可知，此处表达两本书中的任意一本都合适，应填Either。 9．—What would you like for your birthday, noodles or a birthday cake? —________ is OK. I just hope Mom and you can be with me. A．Each B．None C．Either D．Neither 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——你生日想要什么，面条还是生日蛋糕？——哪一个都行。我只希望妈妈和你能陪着我。 考查代词辨析。Each每个，通常用于三者或三者以上；None没有一个，常指三者或三者以上都不；Either（两者中的）任何一个；Neither两者都不。根据“noodles or a birthday cake”以及“…is OK.”可知，面条和生日蛋糕哪一个都可以，应用Either。故选C。 10．—Which skirt do you like better, the blue one or the green one? —________. They don’t look good on me. A．Either B．Both C．Neither D．All 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——你更喜欢哪条裙子，蓝色的还是绿色的？  ——都不喜欢。它们穿在我身上不好看。 考查代词词义辨析。Either两者中的任何一个；Both两者都；Neither两者都不；All三者或三者以上都。由“the blue one or the green one”和“They don’t look good on me.”可知，说话者对两条裙子都不喜欢，Neither符合语境。故选C。 二、完成句子 1．他的家人都不担心，也没有试图阻止他。 ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ worried or tried to stop him. 【答案】 None of his family members 【详解】原句中“他的家人都不”是关键词，“none of+名词”是固定搭配，表示“……中没有一个”，none of后接复数名词，“他的家人”的表达是“his family members”。 2．他的成绩和他的品格都值得我们学习。 ________ his grades ________ his character are worth learning from. 【答案】 Both and 【详解】根据中英文对照可知，此处缺少“……和……都”的表达。“both...and...”是固定搭配，用于连接两个并列的主语“his grades”和“his character”，表示“两者都……”，且连接并列主语时，谓语动词用复数形式，与句中“are”一致，且句首字母大写。故填Both；and。 3．在中国，与长辈递接物品时使用双手是很好的。 In China, it’s good to use ________ hands to give something to the ________ or get something from them. 【答案】 both elders/elder/old 【详解】根据中英文对照可知，缺少“长辈”和“双手”，the elders/elder/old“长辈”；both hands“双手”。故填both；elders/elder/old。 4．莉莉今天早晨没有吃早餐，我也没有。 Lily didn’t have breakfast this morning and _________ _________ I. 【答案】 neither/nor did 【详解】原句中“也没有”是关键词。当要表达“前面说的否定情况，也适用于另一个人/物”时，要用结构：neither/nor+助动词/系动词/情态动词+主语。 原句前半部分是一般过去时的否定句，助动词需要和前句时态保持一致，用did。 5．他们两个都没有通过这次考试。 _________ _________ them passed the exam. 【答案】 Neither of 【详解】根据中英文对照可知，空处缺“他们两个都没有”的英文，neither of意为“两者都不”，其后跟宾格。放句首时，首字母大写。故填Neither；of。 6．He’s never seen the alien, I haven’t, either. (改为同义句) He’s never seen the alien, ________ ________ I. 【答案】 neither/nor have 【详解】句意：他从未见过外星人，我也没见过。 原句结构“I haven’t, either.”用于否定句后，表示“我也不……”，“neither/nor+助动词+主语”是倒装结构，同样表示“……也不”，与原句意思一致。原句用现在完成时（has seen），所以倒装句中也要使用对应的助动词，倒装句的主语是 I，因此助动词用 have。故填neither/nor；have。 7．He didn’t agree with them. I didn’t, either.（改为同义句） He didn’t agree with them and ______ ______ I. 【答案】 neither did 【详解】句意：他不同意他们。我也不同意。此处可用neither+助动词+sb表达“某人也不是”，句子时态是一般过去时，助动词用did，故填neither；did。 8．Linda can’t swim and neither can I. (同义句转换) Linda can’t swim. I ________. 【答案】can’t either 【详解】句意：Linda不会游泳，我也不会。原句用“Neither + 助动词 + 主语”结构，表示“两者都不……”，改成同义句时，可用“主语 + 助动词 + not + either”，表示“某人也不……”，故填can’t either。 9．They both love English. (改为同义句) ________ ________ them love English. 【答案】 Both of 【详解】句意：他们都喜欢英语。根据句子对比可知，原句变为同义句，只需要填入both of即可，与them一同作主语，位于句首，首字母要大写。故填Both；of。 10．We all had a fantastic time in Suzhou last Sunday. __________ __________ __________ had great __________ in Suzhou last Sunday. 【答案】 All of us fun 【详解】句意：上周日，我们在苏州玩得很开心。we all的同义表达为all of us，句首单词首字母需大写；have a fantastic time的同义表达为have great fun。故填All；of；us；fun。 一、完形填空 阅读下面短文，从所给的四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Have you heard of “Color Walk”? It is a new and popular activity among young people in China this spring. It is 1 city walking, but more fun and different. Here is how it works. Before you go out, you choose a 2 , like yellow, blue, or green. Then, you start walking on the streets. As you walk, you look for things in that color and 3 photos of them. A yellow flower, a blue bike, a green sign—anything goes! After your walk, you put the photos together and 4 them online. Why do so many people 5 Color Walk? First, it is very easy to do. You don’t need to travel far or spend a lot of 6 . You can do it in your own neighborhood (小区) or on your way to school. Second, it helps people 7 . When you focus on finding colors, you stop worrying about homework or other things. It’s like a little vacation for your 8 . Color Walk also helps people see their city in a new way. They start to 9 small, beautiful things they never saw before — a bright wall, a colorful shop, or a pretty flower. The whole city becomes a playground. So next time you go out, why not try a Color Walk? Pick a color, take a walk, and 10 the colorful world around you! 1．A．by B．for C．as D．like 2．A．color B．way C．place D．friend 3．A．buy B．take C．draw D．make 4．A．share B．hide C．burn D．forget 5．A．hate B．enjoy C．avoid D．dislike 6．A．room B．water C．food D．money 7．A．work B．study C．relax D．run 8．A．body B．hand C．mind D．foot 9．A．miss B．notice C．lose D．break 10．A．discover B．fight C．choose D．paint 【答案】 1．D 2．A 3．B 4．A 5．B 6．D 7．C 8．C 9．B 10．A 【导语】本文介绍一种名为“颜色漫步”的新活动。文章说明活动规则、受欢迎的原因及益处，鼓励人们发现身边的美好。 【详解】21．句意：这就像城市漫步，但更有趣，也更不同。 根据“but more fun”可知此处表示类比关系。根据语境，Color Walk与city walking相似但不同，like符合逻辑。 1．句意：在你出门之前，你选择一种颜色，比如黄色、蓝色或绿色。 根据“like yellow, blue, or green”可知此处指选择颜色。根据语境，活动主题是Color Walk，选color合理。 2．句意：当你走的时候，寻找那种颜色的东西并给它们拍照。 根据photos可知，固定搭配take photos。根据语境，散步时记录所见通常用拍照。 3．句意：散步后，你把照片放在一起并分享到网上。 根据online及社交习惯可知。根据语境，流行活动通常涉及网络分享，share符合。 4．句意：为什么这么多人喜欢颜色漫步？ 根据下文列举优点可知，文章在介绍活动的受欢迎程度，enjoy符合逻辑。 5．句意：你不需要走很远或花很多钱。 根据spend及活动低成本特点可知，spend money是常见搭配，且活动简便。 6．句意：其次，它帮助人们放松。 根据“stop worrying…”可知，不再担心作业意味着放松，relax符合。 7．句意：这就像给你的心灵放个小假。 根据“worrying about homework”属心理活动可知，停止担忧是心理层面的休息，mind符合。 8．句意：他们开始注意到以前从未见过的小而美丽的东西——一堵鲜艳的墙、一家色彩缤纷的商店，或一朵漂亮的花。 根据“never saw before”可知，活动目的是让人发现新事物，notice符合。 9．句意：选一种颜色，去散散步，去发现你周围色彩斑斓的世界！ 根据语境及全文主旨可知，文章鼓励人们通过活动去探索世界，discover符合。 二、语法选择 What do you know about jianzi? It has 1 long history in China and there are many matches about it. We can often see people play jianzi in parks and on playgrounds. It doesn’t need practice and it is easy 2 . Jianzi is many children’s favourite sport, and it is also 3 . I like playing it very much. I 4 play it with my good friends at least (至少) twice a day. During breaks or after finishing our homework, we play in small 5 . In winter, sometimes it is really cold, 6 we sweat (出汗) a lot when we play it. We are all full 7 energy. It’s a good way to keep warm and active. Playing jianzi builds up (增强) our bodies and makes us strong. Jianzi is very small but it brings us 8 fun in our daily life. It can turn a(n) 9 afternoon into an interesting and relaxing time. Jianzi 10 more than just a sport. It’s a part of Chinese culture. 1．A．a B．/ C．an D．the 2．A．jog B．to jog C．learn D．to learn 3．A．me B．mine C．my D．I 4．A．never B．seldom C．always D．hardly 5．A．bill B．bills C．group D．groups 6．A．but B．and C．because D．so 7．A．from B．of C．with D．in 8．A．many B．a few C．much D．few 9．A．exciting B．excited C．bored D．boring 10．A．is B．am C．are D．be 【答案】 1．A 2．D 3．B 4．C 5．D 6．A 7．B 8．C 9．D 10．A 【导语】本文介绍了中国传统运动踢毽子，讲述作者对这项运动的喜爱，说明了踢毽子的好处，指出它也是中国文化的一部分。 1．句意：它在中国拥有一段悠久的历史，有许多关于它的比赛。 long“长的”以辅音音素开头，此处泛指“一段很长的历史”，a符合冠词用法。 2．句意：它不需要练习，而且很容易学习。 此处it作形式主语，真正主语需用不定式结构，此处指踢毽子很容易学习，to learn“学习”符合结构和语义。 3．句意：毽子是很多孩子最喜欢的运动，它也是我最喜欢的运动。 空格后没有名词，需要名词性物主代词，指代“我最喜欢的运动”，mine“我的”符合用法。 4．句意：我总是和好朋友一起踢毽子，一天至少两次。 一天至少踢毽子两次，说明作者经常踢毽子，always“总是”符合语境。 5．句意：休息或者做完作业后，我们分成小组一起玩。 此处表示以小组的形式踢毽子，此处应用复数表示泛指，groups“组”符合语义。 6．句意：冬天有时候天气很冷，但是我们踢毽子的时候会出很多汗。 前文说天气冷，后文说出汗，前后是转折关系，but“但是”符合逻辑。 7．句意：我们都充满活力。 固定搭配be full of意为“充满”，of符合用法。 8．句意：毽子很小，但是它在日常生活中带给我们很多乐趣。 fun是不可数名词，much修饰不可数名词，表示“许多”，符合用法。 9．句意：它可以把无聊的下午变成有趣又放松的时光。 前文提到踢毽子带给我们乐趣，因此是把无聊的时光变得有趣，且此处修饰afternoon，boring“令人无聊的”符合语境和用法。 10．句意：毽子不仅仅是一项运动。 主语Jianzi是单数，be动词用is，符合语法规则。 三、选词填空 阅读短文，从方框中选出恰当的单词并用其适当形式填空，使短文通顺、意义完整。每空仅填一词，每词仅用一次。 important    three    be    interested    have    hour    you    at    a    health Do you love exercising? What kind of exercise are you 1 in? If you want to try a new one, yoga (瑜伽) can be 2 good choice. Yoga is great exercise and it helps people relax and keep 3 . It comes from India and it 4 a long history. Everyone can do yoga 5 home. Here 6 some advice for you. First, don’t eat anything two 7 before practising yoga. Second, wear comfortable clothes, and take off your shoes and socks. 8 , start with some easy poses (姿势). Practise for about 15 to 30 minutes, and listen to 9 body. If everything is OK, you can go on or try some difficult poses. If you don’t feel well, you have to stop (停止). Remember, it’s 10 to stay safe! 【答案】 1．interested 2．a 3．healthy 4．has 5．at 6．is 7．hours 8．Third 9．your 10．important 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了瑜伽这项运动的起源、益处以及练习时需要注意的几点建议，包括练习前的饮食、着装、热身以及安全事项，旨在鼓励人们尝试并安全地进行瑜伽练习。 【详解】41．句意：你对哪种运动感兴趣？空格前“are you”与介词“in”构成固定搭配“be interested in”，意为“对……感兴趣”。方框中“interested”符合此搭配，故填interested。 1．句意：如果你想尝试一项新的运动，瑜伽是一个不错的选择。空格后“good choice”中“choice”为可数名词单数，且“good”以辅音音素开头，需用不定冠词“a”表示泛指，故填a。 2．句意：瑜伽是很棒的运动，它帮助人们放松并保持健康。空格前“keep”为系动词，后接形容词作表语。方框中“health”为名词，需转换为形容词“healthy”，意为“健康的”，故填healthy。 3．句意：它来自印度并且有着悠久的历史。空格所在句主语“it”为第三人称单数，谓语动词需用第三人称单数形式。方框中“have”改为“has”表示“拥有”，描述客观事实用一般现在时，故填has。 4．句意：每个人都可以在家做瑜伽。“do yoga ______ home”为固定搭配“at home”，意为“在家”，介词“at”表示地点，故填at。 5．句意：这里有一些给你的建议。本句为倒装句，主语“some advice”为不可数名词，谓语动词用单数。方框中“be”应选用“is”与主语“advice”保持一致，故填is。 6．句意：首先，练习瑜伽前两小时内不要吃任何东西。“two ______ before”表示“两小时之前”，“hour”为可数名词，前有“two”应用复数形式“hours”，故填hours。 7．句意：第三，从一些简单的姿势开始。上文已出现“First”和“Second”，此处应按顺序使用“Third”引出第三条建议，故填Third。 8．句意：练习大约15到30分钟，并倾听你的身体。“listen to ______ body”中“body”前需用形容词性物主代词，方框中“you”应转换为“your”，意为“你的”，故填your。 9．句意：记住，保证安全很重要！本句为“it is+形容词+to do sth.”结构，需填形容词作表语。方框中“important”意为“重要的”，符合句意，故填important。 四、短文填空 阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。 Tom is one of the most popular 1 (student) in our school. He loves sports and is full 2 energy every day. Every morning, he wakes up early 3 (go) jogging, no matter what the weather is like. At school, Tom is 4 star in the team. He runs very fast and often 5 (break) the school’s short-distance running records. During last week’s school sports day, he not only won first place in the 100-metre race but also 6 (jump) the farthest in the long jump competition. Besides 7 (run) and long jump, he is also good at swimming. Every Wednesday afternoon, he 8 (go) to the school swimming pool with his friends.    Tom not only loves sports himself 9 also encourages other students to join in. He believes that sports can build up one’s body. Because of him, more and 10 (many) students have joined the school sports teams. 【答案】 1．students 2．of 3．to go 4．a 5．breaks 6．jumped 7．running 8．goes 9．but 10．more 【导语】本文介绍了热爱运动的学生Tom，讲述他日常坚持锻炼、擅长多项运动并带动身边同学参与体育运动的故事。 【详解】51．句意：Tom是我们学校最受欢迎的学生之一。固定结构one of+可数名词复数，表示“…… 之一”，故填students。 1．句意：他热爱运动，每天精力充沛。固定搭配be full of，意为“充满”，故填of。 2．句意：每天早上，无论天气如何，他都早起慢跑。此处用不定式to go作目的状语，表早起的目的。 3．句意：在学校里，Tom是队伍里的明星。star是可数名词单数，表泛指，辅音音素开头，故填a。 4．句意：他跑得很快，经常打破学校短跑纪录。主语He是第三人称单数，and连接并列谓语，时态和runs保持一致，用一般现在时。 5．句意：在上周的校运动会上，他不仅获得了100米赛跑第一名，还在跳远比赛中跳得最远。not only…but also…连接并列谓语，时态与won保持一致，用一般过去时。 6．句意：除了跑步和跳远，他还擅长游泳。Besides是介词，后接动名词，run的动名词形式为running。 7．句意：每周三下午，他和朋友去学校游泳池。主语he是第三人称单数，用一般现在时。 8．句意：Tom不仅自己热爱运动，还鼓励其他同学参与。固定搭配not only…but also…，意为“不仅…… 而且……”，故填but。 9．句意：因为他，越来越多的学生加入了校运动队。固定结构more and more，意为“越来越多”，故填more。 跨学科阅读理解： Yoga – More Than a Sport （英语+体育健康） Do you know about yoga? It is a popular sport, and many people like doing it in their free time now. They think yoga can not only help them keep healthy but also make them feel relaxed. In fact, yoga isn’t a new thing. People in India started practising it around 5,000 years ago. At that time, people found that many plants and animals could heal their injuries quickly. So they started to copy their movements, and then the sport of yoga came to the world soon. Now over 300 million people in the world are practising yoga. That’s because yoga has many good points for our physical and mental health. According to NHS England (英国国民保健署), yoga can make your muscles stronger, improve your flexibility, and help you get a good night's sleep. What’s more, yoga is suitable for everyone. Young kids, teenagers or old people, all can learn it. Famous tennis player Novak Djokovic practises yoga, too. “Yoga helps me be the best and stops me from getting hurt in games,” he says. For students, yoga can also reduce exam stress and improve focus in class. If you want to start practising yoga safely, here are some sports health tips for you: 1. Wear comfortable clothes and take off your shoes and socks. 2. Don’t eat anything 2 to 4 hours before doing yoga to avoid stomach discomfort. 3. Practise in a quiet, comfortable place. You can play soft music or practise outside in a park. 4. Start with easy movements. Never push your body too hard, as it may lead to serious injury. 5. Keep going. Do it for 30 minutes every day. If you are busy, practising three times a week will also work well. 1. Which of the following is NOT a health benefit of yoga mentioned in the passage? A. It helps people keep healthy and relaxed. B. It makes people’s muscles stronger and improves flexibility. C. It can completely cure serious diseases in a short time. D. It helps people sleep better and reduce stress. 2. Why does the writer mention Novak Djokovic in the passage? A. To tell readers that tennis players only do yoga. B. To show that yoga is popular with famous people only. C. To give an example to prove yoga can help avoid sports injuries. D. To compare tennis with yoga. 3. The underlined word “flexibility” in Paragraph 3 probably means “______” in Chinese. A. 力量 B. 柔韧性 C. 耐力 D. 速度 4. Which of the following tips about practising yoga is correct according to the passage? A. You can eat a full meal right before doing yoga. B. You should wear tight clothes and keep your shoes on. C. You can practise yoga in a quiet park with soft music. D. You must do yoga for an hour every day no matter how busy you are. 5. Look at the four pictures below and choose the right way to practise yoga safely. A. B. C. D. 【答案】 1、答案：C 本题考查细节信息筛选，要求选出文中未提及的瑜伽益处。原文第一段提到瑜伽能让人保持健康、放松身心，第三段介绍它可以强健肌肉、提升柔韧性、改善睡眠并缓解压力，全文并没有提到瑜伽能够在短时间内彻底治愈重病，因此 A、B、D 三项均符合原文内容，C 项表述无中生有。 2、答案：C 本题考查写作意图与举例作用。文中引用网球名将诺瓦克・德约科维奇的话语，明确说明瑜伽能帮助他在比赛中避免受伤，作者列举该人物事例，就是为了佐证瑜伽可以预防运动损伤，A、B 两项中 “only” 一词表述过于绝对，和原文 “老少皆宜” 的内容不符，文章也没有将网球和瑜伽进行对比，故本题选 C。 3、答案：B 本题结合语境与体育常识考查词义猜测。文中该词用于描述瑜伽带来的身体变化，结合运动知识可知，瑜伽最主要的作用之一就是提升身体柔韧性，“力量”“耐力”“速度” 均不是这个单词的含义，也不符合瑜伽的运动特点，由此可判断 flexibility 的意思是柔韧性。 4、答案：C 本题考查细节辨析，需要结合瑜伽练习小贴士逐一判断选项。原文指出练习瑜伽要穿舒适衣物、脱掉鞋袜，饭后间隔 2 至 4 小时再练习，可在安静的公园伴着轻音乐练习，日常每天练习时长为 30 分钟，忙碌时一周练习三次即可，由此可见 A、B、D 三项均违背原文规则，只有 C 项表述正确。 5、答案：A 本题为图文结合题型，综合考查识图能力、文本理解与体育安全知识。根据原文安全练习要求，练习瑜伽需身着宽松衣物、光脚、选择安静场地、从简单动作开始且不勉强身体，图片 A 完全符合这些要求，图片 B 饱腹练习、图片 C 着装与场地不合规、图片 D 强行挑战高难度动作，均存在安全隐患。 1 / 8 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $