暑假作业08 形容词、副词的最高级（巩固培优）七年级英语新教材外研版

**基本信息** 该专项系统梳理形容词、副词最高级的概念、词形变化、核心句型及易错点，通过分层练习构建“概念-形式-应用”逻辑体系，强化语言能力与思维品质。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|方法提炼|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |专项用法讲解|5大板块|核心句型（3种）、易错点（范围体现、the的用法等5点）|概念→词形变化→句型→修饰词→易错点递进| |练习题|单选20/完成句子10/完形1等|语境应用（单选）、句型结构（完成句子）、语篇理解（完形/阅读）|基础选择→句子填空→语篇综合的应用逻辑|

完成时间： 月 日 今日打卡：☐ 已完成 用时： min 自评勋章： 作业08 形容词、副词的最高级 形容词、副词最高级专项用法 一、基本概念 用于三者及以上人/事物对比，表示“最……”。 二、词形变化（和比较级规则一致） （一）规则变化 1. 一般词尾直接加 -est tall → tallest fast → fastest 2. 以 e 结尾，加 -st nice → nicest late → latest 3. 重读闭音节（辅+元+辅），双写末尾辅音再加 -est big → biggest hot → hottest thin → thinnest 4. 辅音字母 + y 结尾，变 y 为 i 再加 -est happy → happiest heavy → heaviest 5. 多音节词、部分双音节词，前面加 most beautiful → most beautiful carefully → most carefully （二）不规则变化（必背） good / well → best bad / badly → worst many / much → most little → least far → farthest / furthest old → oldest / eldest 三、核心句型 句型1 ：主语 + 动词 + the + 最高级 + 范围状语 范围常用：in + 地点/集体、of + 群体（三者及以上） · 形容词最高级（the 一般不省略） She is the cleverest in our class. · 副词最高级（the 可省略） He runs (the) fastest of all students. 句型2 one of + the + 形容词最高级 + 复数名词 最……之一 This is one of the most popular songs. 要点：one of 后名词必须用复数。 句型3 序数词 + the + 形容词最高级 + 单数名词 第几最…… This is the third longest river in our country. 四、修饰词 可修饰最高级：almost, nearly, by far by far the tallest 绝对最高的 五、重点规则 & 易错点 1. 必须体现对比范围 最高级针对三者及以上，句中常搭配 in/of 短语；无范围一般不用最高级。 2. the 的用法 形容词最高级：通常加 the 副词最高级：the 可加可省 3. 禁止双重最高级 ❌ the most biggest ✅ the biggest 4. 同义转换 最高级可换成 比较级 + than any other + 单数名词 He is the tallest in the class. = He is taller than any other student in the class. 5. 范围介词区分 in + 地点/团体：in Beijing, in the team of + 同类人/物：of the five, of all 一、单项选择 1．—Tom did a good job. He got the second ________ score in the school. —Yes. He has already worked ________ this term than before. A．higher; more harder B．highest; much hardest C．highest; much harder D．higher; hardest 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——汤姆做得很好。他在学校得了第二高的分数。——是的。这学期他已经比以前努力多了。 根据“He got the second…score in the school.”可知，此处结构为“the+序数词+形容词最高级”，表示“第二最……”，应用highest；根据“worked…than before”可知，此处应用副词比较级，hard的比较级为 harder，much可修饰比较级，应用much harder。 2．________ Tom ran, ________ he found it was to breathe. A．The quicker; the harder B．The quicklier; the harder C．The more quickly; the hardlier D．The more quickly; the harder 【答案】D 【详解】句意：汤姆跑得越快，他发现呼吸就越困难。 第一空修饰动词ran，应用副词quickly，其比较级为more quickly，quicklier形式错误；第二空表示“困难的”，应用形容词hard，其比较级为harder。故选D。 3．—Mum, I feel nervous about the English exam next week. —Take it easy! ________ you study, ________ results you’ll get. A．Hard; good B．Harder; good C．Hard; better D．The harder; the better 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——妈妈，我对下周的英语考试感到很紧张。——放轻松！你学习越努力，就能得到越好的成绩。 “the+比较级+其他，the+比较级+其他”是固定搭配，该结构意为“越……，就越……”，只有D符合。 4．—Are you worried about the High School Entrance Exam? —Not at all. I believe that ________ I work, the fewer mistakes I will make. A．the harder B．harder C．the more hardly D．the more harder 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——你担心中考吗？——一点也不。我相信我学习越努力，犯的错误就会越少。 分析句子可知，此处表示“the+比较级, the+比较级”结构，表示“越……，越……”。hard的比较级是harder，应填the harder。 5．He drives ________ than I do. A．careful B．more careful C．more carefully D．most carefully 【答案】C 【详解】句意：他开车比我更小心。 careful小心的，形容词；carefully小心地，副词。空处应填写副词修饰动词drives，结合“than”，因此选填副词的比较级。 6．She sings ________ than her sister. A．loud B．louder C．loudly D．more loudly 【答案】B 【详解】句意：她唱歌比她姐姐更大声。 loud大声地；louder更大声地；loudly大声地；more loudly更响亮地。根据“than”可知，空处需使用比较级，loud可作副词修饰表示发声的动词sings，单音节词的比较级为louder；loudly侧重“喧闹嘈杂”，不符合此处比较唱歌音量的语境。 7．She speaks English ________ in our school, but she practices ________ than anyone else. A．most fluently; harder B．more fluently; hardest C．fluently; harder D．the most fluently; hardest 【答案】A 【详解】句意：她在我们学校英语说得最流利，但她练习得比任何人都刻苦。 most fluently 最流利地（最高级）；more fluently 更流利地（比较级）；fluently 流利地（原级）；the most fluently 最流利地（带定冠词的最高级）；harder 更刻苦地（比较级）；hardest 最刻苦地（最高级）。第一空“in our school（在我们学校）”表示三者及以上范围，需用最高级，副词最高级作状语时省略定冠词the，故用most fluently；第二空“than anyone else（比任何人）”是比较级标志，需用harder。 8．Today AI technology is developing ________ we can imagine. Nobody knows what will happen tomorrow. A．as fast as B．much faster than C．more slowly than D．as slowly as 【答案】B 【详解】句意：如今，人工智能技术的发展速度远超我们的想象。没有人知道明天会发生什么。 as fast as和……一样快；much faster than比……快得多；more slowly than比……更慢；as slowly as和……一样慢。根据“Nobody knows what will happen tomorrow.”和“...we can imagine”可知，人工智能技术发展得很快，且没有人知道明天会发生什么，说明人工智能技术的发展速度远超我们的想象，选项C和选项D排除，空格处需用比较级，应填much faster than。 9．The new student speaks English ________ than the local students. A．fluent B．fluently C．more fluently D．most fluently 【答案】C 【详解】句意：这个新生说英语比当地学生更流利。 fluent流利的，形容词；fluently流利地，副词；more fluently更流利地，副词比较级；most fluently最流利地，副词最高级。修饰动词“speaks”需用副词，结合“than”可知，应用副词的比较级more fluently。 10．Scientists have designed an AI programme to identify (识别) RNA viruses, which can work much ________ than before. A．quick B．quickly C．more quickly D．more quicker 【答案】C 【详解】句意：科学家们设计了一个识别RNA病毒的人工智能程序，它的工作速度比以前快得多。 than提示用比较级，且much修饰比较级。此处修饰动词work用副词，quickly的比较级为more quickly。 11．—Is the Great Wall one of ________ in the world? —Yes, it’s longer than ________ ancient building in China. A．the most amazing wonders; the other B．the more amazing wonders; the other C．the most amazing wonders; any other D．the most amazing wonder; any other 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——长城是世界上令人最惊叹的奇观之一吗？——是的，它比中国任何其他古代建筑都长。 第一空，固定结构“one of the + 形容词最高级 + 名词复数”，表示“最……之一”，故用the most amazing wonders；第二空，长城属于中国建筑，在同一范围内比较需排除自身，用“any other + 单数名词”，表示“任何其他的”。 12．Among all the sports events in the world, the Olympic Games are ________ for every athlete. A．exciting B．more exciting C．most exciting D．the most exciting 【答案】D 【详解】句意：在世界上所有的体育赛事中，奥运会对每位运动员来说都是最令人兴奋的。 根据“Among all the sports events in the world”可知，比较范围是三者及以上，应用最高级。exciting是多音节形容词，最高级为most exciting，且最高级前通常加定冠词the。 13．Guangzhou is one of ________ cities in China. A．big B．bigger C．the biggest D．biggest 【答案】C 【详解】句意：广州是中国最大的城市之一。 big大的，形容词原形；bigger更大的，形容词比较级；the biggest最大的，形容词最高级。根据固定句型“one of the + 形容词最高级 + 名词复数”，表示“最……之一”，最高级前需加定冠词the。因此，应填the biggest。 14．Jack is one of the best ________ in his class who ________ by his teacher many times in public. A．student; was praised B．students; are praised C．student; are praised D．students; was praised 【答案】B 【详解】句意：杰克是他班上那些多次被老师在公开场合表扬的最好的学生之一。 第一空，“one of the+形容词最高级+复数名词”结构，表示“最……之一”，填名词复数形式students；第二空，who引导定语从句，在从句中作主语，指代先行词students，被动语态中be动词应用复数形式are。 15．—Which river is ________, the Yangtze River or the Yellow River? —The Yangtze River. It is ________ river in the world. A．long; the third longer B．longer; the three longer C．longer; the third longest D．longest; the third longest 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——长江和黄河哪条河更长？——长江。它是世界第三长河。 第一空，根据“the Yangtze River or the Yellow River”可知，是两者之间的比较，应用比较级longer；第二空，根据“in the world”可知，应用最高级，用“the+序数词+最高级”结构，即the third longest。 16．—________ is the population of India?     —Sorry, I am not sure. I wonder whether India has the second ________ population in the world at present. A．How much, most B．How much, largest C．What, most D．What, largest 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——印度的人口是多少？——抱歉，我不确定。我想知道印度目前是否拥有世界第二大的人口。 How much多少；What什么；largest最大的；most最多。询问人口数量常用固定句型“What is the population of...?”，故第一空填What；修饰population表示人口“多”常用large，最高级为largest。第二空填largest。 17．The Nile is the ________ river in the world. It is ________ than the Yangtze River. A．longest; longer B．longest; longest C．longer; longest D．longer; longer 【答案】A 【详解】句意：尼罗河是世界上最长的河流。它比长江更长。 longer较长的；longest最长的。第一空根据范围状语“in the world”可知，是在世界范围内进行比较，应用形容词最高级longest；第二空根据关键词“than”可知，是尼罗河与长江两者进行比较，应用形容词比较级longer。 18．David is ________ boy in his class and he never loses things. A．careful B．more careful C．the most careful D．most careful 【答案】C 【详解】句意：大卫是他班里最细心的男孩，他从不丢东西。 根据“in his class”可知比较范围是全班，属于三者及以上比较，应用最高级，且形容词最高级前通常加定冠词the，应该填the most careful。 19．This is ________ storybook I have ever read. I want to read it again. A．interesting B．more interesting C．most interesting D．the most interesting 【答案】D 【详解】句意：这是我读过的最有趣的故事书，我想再读一遍。 interesting有趣的，原级； more interesting更有趣的，比较级； most interesting最有趣的，最高级形式错误；the most interesting最有趣的，最高级，I have ever read（我读过的所有书）表示三者及以上的范围，需用形容词最高级；多音节形容词interesting的最高级为the most interesting，且形容词最高级前必须加定冠词the。 20．—Home is _________ place wherever you go. —That’s true. East or west, home is best. A．warm B．warmer C．the warmer D．the warmest 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——无论你去哪里，家都是最温暖的地方。——确实如此。 金窝银窝不如自己的草窝。 考查形容词的最高级。根据答语“East or west, home is best.”可知，此处是三者以上进行比较，强调家是最温暖的地方，应用最高级。故选D。 二、完成句子 1．多吃蔬菜和水果，少吃垃圾食品是最简单的方法。 Eating more vegetables and fruit and less junk food is the ________ way. 【答案】easiest/simplest 【详解】原句中“最简单的”是关键词，考查形容词最高级。“简单的”可译为easy或simple，根据空前“the”可知，此处应填形容词最高级。故填easiest/simplest。 2．珠穆朗玛峰是世界上最高的山峰。 Qomolangma is ________ ________ ________ in the world. 【答案】 the highest mountain 【详解】原句中“最高的山峰”是关键词，“最高的山峰”用the highest mountain表达，highest是形容词最高级，修饰mountain，形容词的最高级前要加the。 3．春天是我最喜爱的季节之一。 Spring is one of my favorite ________. 【答案】 seasons 【详解】原句中“季节之一”是关键词，“one of+形容词最高级+可数名词复数”是固定结构，表示“……之一”，因此“季节”season需要变为复数形式seasons。故填seasons。 4．我相信 4 月是泰国最热的月份。 I ________ that April is the ________ month in Thailand. 【答案】 believe hottest 【详解】原句中“相信”对应单词believe，主语为I谓语用原形；“最热的”用形容词最高级hottest。 5．它流得最远，长约6300公里。 It travels ________ ________ and is about ________ ________ long. 【答案】 the farthest 6,300 kilometers 【详解】原句中“最远”是关键词，“最远”对应的英文表达是the farthest，修饰动词“travels”；“6300公里”对应的英文表达是6,300 kilometers。 6．Which ________ in literature do you like ________? 你最喜欢的文学人物是谁？ 【答案】 character best 【详解】原句中“人物”、“最”是关键词。根据“in literature”可知指文学作品中的人物，应用character； like best“最喜欢”，可知第二空填best。 7．但是谁能弹钢琴弹得最好或唱歌唱得最美呢？ But who can play the piano ________ ________ or sing ________ ________ beautifully? 【答案】 the best the most 【详解】原句关键是“最好”和“最美”，“最好”对应well的最高级best，最高级前需加定冠词the；“最美”对应beautifully的最高级the most beautifully。 8．长江是中国流得最远的河流。 The Yangtze River travels the __________ in China. 【答案】farthest 【详解】根据“流得最远”可知，此处要用far的最高级形式，即farthest，表示“最远”。 9．杰克是我们班跑得最快的男孩。 Jack is the boy who ________ ________ ________ in our class. 【答案】 runs the fastest 【详解】原句中“跑得最快”是关键词，“跑”用英文表达是“run”，由于主语“the boy”是第三人称单数，在一般现在时中，谓语动词要用第三人称单数形式，所以“run”要变为“runs”；“最快”表示最高级，用英文表达是“the fastest”，用来修饰“runs”，表示跑的速度程度。 10．中欧班列是从中国开往欧洲距离最远的货运列车。 CR Express is the freight train that ________ ________ ________ from China to Europe. 【答案】 travels the farthest 【详解】根据中英文对照可知，空处缺少“开往……距离最远”；“行驶”的英文表达为travel，先行词the freight train是第三人称单数，时态为一般现在时，谓语动词用travels；“最远”的英文表达为the farthest。故填travels；the；farthest。 一、完形填空 There are many amazing natural wonders on Earth. They show the beauty of our planet and make us feel surprised. Mount Everest is one of the 1 mountains in the world. It is between China and Nepal, and its height is about 8,848 meters. 2 climbing it is not easy, many people still dream of reaching its top. The Dead Sea is another special place. It is the lowest point on Earth, and 3 surface is about 430 meters 4 sea level. The water here has much salt, 5 people can float easily in it without sinking. Have you heard of the Mariana Trench? It is in the western Pacific Ocean. It is the deepest part of the ocean, and very few people 6 it so far. These natural wonders are 7 great gift from nature. We should cherish these wonders and protect our Earth. Every time we learn about them, we will feel the magic of nature and be more grateful for the world we live in. Many scientists spend years on the 8 of these wonders to know more about our planet. 9 amazing nature is to create such places, and we can always find new joy in these natural 10 . 1．A．high B．higher C．highest 2．A．Although B．So C．Because 3．A．its B．it C．it’s 4．A．above B．below C．beside 5．A．so B．or C．but 6．A．visit B．visited C．have visited 7．A．a B．an C．the 8．A．measure B．measures C．measurement 9．A．How B．What C．Which 10．A．wonder B．wonders C．wonderful 【答案】 1．C 2．A 3．A 4．B 5．A 6．C 7．A 8．C 9．A 10．B 【导语】本文介绍了珠穆朗玛峰、死海和马里亚纳海沟等自然奇观，呼吁人们珍惜和保护大自然。 【详解】 1．句意：珠穆朗玛峰是世界上最高的山峰之一。 “one of the + 形容词最高级 + 复数名词”是固定结构，表示“最……之一”，因此用最高级。 2．句意：虽然攀登它不容易，但许多人仍梦想到达顶峰。 前后句是转折关系，因此用Although“虽然”引导让步状语从句。 3．句意：它是地球最低点，且它的表面大约低于海平面430米。 修饰名词surface需用形容词性物主代词，应用its“它的”。it“它”以及it’s“它是”均不符合语法结构。 4．句意：表面大约低于海平面430米。 根据常识，死海是陆地最低点，位置在海平面以下，因此用below“在……之下”。 5．句意：这里的水含盐量很高，所以人们可以很容易地漂浮在其中而不下沉。 前后句是因果关系，因此用so“所以”。or“或者；否则”以及but“但是”不符合逻辑关系。 6．句意：它是海洋最深的部分，到目前为止很少有人参观过它。 时间状语so far表示“到目前为止”，是现在完成时的标志词，因此用have visited。 7．句意：这些自然奇观是大自然的一份伟大礼物。 此处表示“一份礼物”，是泛指，且great以辅音音素开头，因此用不定冠词a。 8．句意：许多科学家花多年时间在这些奇观的测量上以了解更多关于地球的知识。 “on the + 名词 + of”是固定结构，此处需用名词表示“测量（数据）”，因此用measurement。 9．句意：大自然创造这些地方是多么神奇啊，我们总能在这些自然奇观中找到新的乐趣。 本句是感叹句，结构为“How + 形容词 + 主语 + 谓语”，amazing是形容词，因此用How。 10．句意：我们总能在这些自然奇观中找到新的乐趣。 these“这些”后接复数名词，因此用wonders“奇观”。 二、语法选择 阅读下面短文，从短文后所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出能填入相应空白处的最佳选项。 Last summer, a group of friends decided to go on a trip. They were very excited at first, 1 later they met some problems. One day, they went into 2 old temple. As soon as they entered (进入), they felt a strange atmosphere. They could 3 whispers (低语声). “What’s going on? Why is it so quiet and a bit scary?” one of the friends asked. “Maybe we shouldn’t have come in,” another said. The next day, they went on their trip. There 4 a heavy rain, and they got all wet. They had to find a place to have a rest. The leader of the group didn’t want to give up 5 plan.“We can’t let the rain stop us,” he said firmly. “What’s wrong with you? Is it OK to keep going in such bad weather?” one of the members asked. When the leader knew his friends’ worry, he began 6 about his idea. “It’s true that the weather is not good, but I was 7 about missing the beautiful scenery,” the leader explained (解释). The friends understood 8 the leader said. “You are truly our good leader,” one friend said. The leader was happy 9 get friends’ support. Finally, the rain stopped, and they enjoyed the rest of the trip. They knew that they learned a lot not only about traveling but also about 10 together as a team. 1．A．but B．and C．or 2．A．a B．an C．the 3．A．hear B．heard C．hearing 4．A．was B．were C．is 5．A．he B．him C．his 6．A．to think B．think C．thought 7．A．worry B．worried C．worrying 8．A．which B．what C．that 9．A．in B．with C．to 10．A．work B．working C．to work 【答案】 1．A 2．B 3．A 4．A 5．C 6．A 7．B 8．B 9．C 10．B 【导语】本文讲述一群朋友夏日旅行遭遇了困难，队长坚持计划最终获得了支持，大家享受旅程并学会了团队合作的故事。 【详解】 1．句意：起初他们十分兴奋，但是后来遇到了一些麻烦。 前文excited（兴奋）和后文met some problems（遇到麻烦）构成转折关系，but表转折。 2．句意：一天，他们走进了一座古老的庙宇。 此处泛指一座庙宇，要用不定冠词，old是以元音音素开头的单词，用不定冠词an。 3．句意：他们能够听见细碎的低语声。 情态动词could后面必须接动词原形，因此选hear。 4．句意：下起了大雨，他们全身都淋湿了。 there be句型遵循就近原则，主语a heavy rain为单数名词；全文时态为一般过去时，因此be动词用was。 5．句意：队伍的领队不想放弃他的计划。 空格修饰名词plan，需要形容词性物主代词his。 6．句意：领队得知同伴的顾虑后，开始仔细思考自己的想法。 固定搭配begin to do sth.意为“开始做某事”，应用不定式to think作宾语。 7．句意：确实天气很差，但我担心错过美丽的风景。 固定短语be worried about意为“担心……”，应填worried。 8．句意：朋友们明白了领队所说的话。 空格引导宾语从句，在从句中作said的宾语，用what引导。 9．句意：领队很高兴得到了朋友们的支持。 固定结构 be happy to do sth.表示“高兴做某事”，应填不定式符号to。 10．句意：他们收获良多，不仅懂得旅行，还学会了团队协作。 介词 about 后接名词或动名词形式，因此填 working。 三、阅读理解 A About 500 years ago in China, there was a famous traveller named Xu Xiake. He spent 30 years travelling across China. As a child, Xu enjoyed reading books about China’s mountains and rivers. He decided to see them when he grew up. At that time, many kids studied hard to become officials. But Xu’s father never made him take exams. Instead, he encouraged his son to explore the world. Xu began his journey (旅行) at about 20. Before he left, his mother made him a travelling hat to encourage him. Xu travelled to 21 provinces (省) and over 100 cities in China. He climbed thousands of mountains and visited over 350 caves (洞穴). He was the first person to find the peak of Huangshan Mountain. He was also the first to find lots of karst (喀斯特) caves. He found the Yangtze River’s headwater (源头). All of these were very important for the later study of geography. Xu travelled mainly on foot. He slept and ate in nature. Sometimes he met dangers like falling into rivers or running into dangerous animals. But he wasn’t afraid and enjoyed his journey. Xu kept a travelling diary. It was published (出版) only after he died. The book Travel Diaries of Xu Xiake is still liked by people today. Being a traveller and an explorer can be very exciting. But you must be brave and have skills. Do you want to be one like Xu Xiake? 1．Why did Xu decide to travel across China? A．Because he was interested in nature. B．Because he wanted to write a book. C．Because travelling could help him become an official. D．Because he had to find a new home. 2．What did Xu Xiake do during his travels? A．He discovered the Yellow River’s headwater. B．He explored many places around China. C．He became famous because of his diary. D．He taught people how to protect nature. 3．What does the underlined word “these” in Paragraph 3 refer to? A．Travelers. B．Places. C．Xu’s findings. D．The caves only. 4．What can we learn from Xu Xiake’s experience? A．If a man travels far, he will know more. B．The future starts today, not tomorrow. C．Every journey has its end. D．Old habits die hard 5．What is the best title for this passage? A．A World-Famous Diary B．The Trip to the Big Mountains C．A Cool Chinese Traveller D．How to Write a Travel Diary 【答案】1．A 2．B 3．C 4．A 5．C 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了中国明朝时期著名的旅行家徐霞客的生平事迹以及他的旅行经历和成就。 【详解】 1．根据第二段中的“As a child, Xu enjoyed reading books about China’s mountains and rivers. He decided to see them when he grew up.”可知，徐霞客从小就喜欢阅读关于中国山川的书籍，因此他决定长大后要去亲眼看看这些自然景观，说明他对自然感兴趣。选项A“因为他对自然感兴趣”符合题意。 2．根据第三段中的“Xu travelled to 21 provinces and over 100 cities in China. He climbed thousands of mountains and visited over 350 caves.”可知，徐霞客在旅行过程中探索了中国许多地方，包括多个省份和城市，攀登了数千座山，参观了超过350个洞穴。选项B“他探索了中国许多地方”符合题意。 3．根据第三段中的“He was also the first to find lots of karst (喀斯特) caves. He found the Yangtze River’s headwater (源头). All of these were very important for the later study of geography.”可知，徐霞客有许多发现，包括黄山峰顶、许多喀斯特洞穴以及长江的源头，这些发现对后来的地理学研究非常重要。因此，“these”指代的是徐霞客的这些发现。 4．全文讲述徐霞客通过30年的旅行探索，发现了许多重要的地理特征，为后来的地理学研究做出了贡献。这表明通过广泛的旅行和探索，人们可以获得更多的知识和经验，即“行万里路”能增长见识。 5．文章主要介绍了中国著名旅行家徐霞客的生平、旅行经历及成就。C项“一位很酷的中国旅行家”最能概括文章关于徐霞客这位旅行家的主旨。 B 1．What’s the best for “ ▲ ”? A．Museum Safety Tips. B．Museum Visitor Map. C．Museum Opening Hours. D．Museum Information Card. 2．Where is the ticket booth? A．On the left of the museum. B．On the corner of the museum. C．At the back of the museum. D．In the front of the museum. 3．What can visitors learn about first in the museum? A．The moon. B．Dinosaurs. C．Volcanoes. D．Magnets. 4．What can visitors do after they play with magnets? A．See the dinosaur skeletons. B．Play with water. C．Learn about the moon. D．Watch a volcano erupt. 5．Which picture can be put in “ ? ”? A． B． C． D． 【答案】1．B 2．D 3．A 4．D 5．A 【导语】这是一张博物馆参观路线图，展示了入口、售票处及各个展区的分布和参观顺序。 【详解】 1．根据图片内容，这是一张标注了展区和路线的博物馆参观地图，因此最适合的标题是Museum Visitor Map。 2．根据地图，售票处（Ticket Booth）位于入口（Entrance）的正前方，处于博物馆的前部。 3．根据箭头指示的参观路线，入口之后第一个到达的展区是“Learn about the moon.”，也就是游客在博物馆里首先了解月球。 4．根据路线箭头，“Play with magnets”的下一个展区是“See a volcano erupt!”，也就是说在“玩磁铁”之后可以“看火山喷发”，对应选项D。 5．“Learn about rain”的展区需要一个与“雨” 相关的图片。选项A是下雨的图标，符合题意。 C It’s barbecue (烧烤) time! The summer holiday is coming. If you want to stay healthy and enjoy a great barbecue, you can’t miss our Three B trip! This is a three-day barbecue trip. We have a lot of interesting activities. You can enjoy 3B (Bike, Bed and Barbecue) with your family and friends. Day 1  We can enjoy the soft wind and fresh air along the road by bus. Then, have lunch at Tree Hotel. Stay at River Camp at night. Day 2  Keep going on our trip. It will be a no-meat day then. We will pick fresh vegetables and fruit on Happy Farm. Although we won’t have meat that day, you will like the delicious vegetables and fruit picked by yourself. Stay at the Queen Hotel at night. Day 3  After breakfast, we can do some exercise to shake off (甩掉) fat. The barbecue is at 12:00 and we will say goodbye after lunch. Kids under 6: $30Kids aged 6-12: $60 People over 12: $120 根据材料内容选择最佳答案。 1．What does the “3B trip” stand for? A．Bike, Bus and Barbecue. B．Bike, Bed and Barbecue. C．Bed, Bus and Barbecue. D．Bike, Bed and Bus. 2．People can enjoy the soft wind and fresh air ________. A．on Happy Farm B．at Tree Hotel C．on the way to Tree Hotel D．at Queen Hotel 3．People will ride ________ kilometres on the second day. A．sixteen B．fifteen C．fourteen D．nineteen 4．If a family of 4 (parents, one 8-year-old boy, one 5-year-old girl) joins the trip, how much will they pay? A．$330. B．$360. C．$390. D．$420. 5．Which of the following is TRUE about the Three B trip? A．You will have no meat on the third day. B．You will have a barbecue at noon on the third day. C．You will have lunch at Tree Hotel on the second day. D．Travelers will stay at River Camp on the night of Day 2. 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．D 4．A 5．B 【导语】本文是一篇应用文，主要介绍了“3B旅行”的三天行程安排、活动内容及价格信息，帮助读者了解旅行细节并做出选择。 【详解】 1．第一段指出“3B旅行”的含义：“You can enjoy 3B (Bike, Bed and Barbecue) with your family and friends.”，这直接说明“3B”代表“Bike, Bed and Barbecue”。 2．第二段说明享受柔风和新鲜空气的地点：“We can enjoy the soft wind and fresh air along the road by bus. Then, have lunch at Tree Hotel.”，结合地图可知，“along the road”指从“Start”到“Tree Hotel”的路上，因此人们可以在去“Tree Hotel”的路上享受柔风和新鲜空气。 3．根据地图和第二天行程（从“River Camp”到“Happy Farm”再到“Queen Hotel”），计算第二天的骑行距离：“River Camp”到“Happy Farm”为10 km，“Happy Farm”到“Queen Hotel”为9 km，总距离为10+9=19 km，因此人们第二天将骑行19公里。 4．根据价格表，父母的费用为120×2=240美元，8岁男孩的费用为60美元，5岁女孩的费用为30美元，总费用为240+60+30=330美元。 5．第三天的安排：“The barbecue is at 12:00 and we will say goodbye after lunch.”，这说明第三天中午会有烧烤。 四、选词填空 able  talk  surprising  even  one  and  curious  run  from  they  month  for Humans are a type of mammal (哺乳动物), like cows and dogs. Most baby mammals can do many things 1 right after they are born. But human babies are different. They need help from adults to live. In the 2 month after they are born, babies can’t smile or sit up. They can’t 3 hold their heads up without help from adults. As time goes by, babies grow 4 learn new things. They learn to roll over, hold their heads up, and sit when adults are holding them. Babies also need to learn how to use their hands. It takes 5 a few months to learn to reach for things. When they are about six months old, many babies can move things 6 one hand to the other. Babies learn to 7 by babbling (咿呀学语). They try to copy the sounds they hear from adults. It takes about nine 8 for a baby to say real words. Around their first birthday, they might be 9 to stand or walk with some help. Soon, they will be able to 10 and play by themselves! The first year of a baby’s life is a time when they grow and learn a lot. Growing up is a lot of work! 【答案】 1．surprisingly 2．first 3．even 4．and 5．them 6．from 7．talk 8．months 9．able 10．run 【导语】本文介绍了人类婴儿与其他哺乳动物在成长能力上的差异以及语言和动作发展的过程。 【详解】 1．句意：令人惊讶的是，大多数哺乳动物幼崽一出生就能做很多事情。此处需要一个副词，在句中修饰整句内容，表示“令人惊讶地”。因为surprising的副词形式surprisingly表示“令人惊讶地”，用于引出人类婴儿与其他哺乳动物的对比，所以用surprisingly。 2．句意：在出生后的第一个月里，婴儿不会笑也不会坐起来。此处需要一个序数词，在句中表示“顺序/阶段”。因为空后是“month after they are born”，表示“出生后的某一个月”，所以选择one并变为first。 3．句意：他们甚至不能在没有大人帮助的情况下抬起头。此处需要一个副词，在句中表示“递进/强调”。因为前文提到不会笑、不会坐，此处强调“甚至不能抬头”，所以选择even。 4．句意：随着时间的推移，婴儿不断成长并学习新事物。此处需要一个连词，在句中表示“并列关系”。因为grow与learn为并列谓语，所以选择and。 5．句意：学习伸手拿东西需要好几个月。此处需要代词，在句中作动词takes的宾语。因为they的宾格形式为them，且符合“it takes sb. some time”结构，所以用them。 6．句意：当他们大约六个月大时，许多婴儿可以把东西从一只手移到另一只手。此处需要一个介词，在句中表示“起点来源”。因为“from…to…”表示“从……到……”，所以选择from。 7．句意：婴儿通过咿呀学语来学习说话。此处需要一个动词，在句中表示“语言能力动作”。因为“learn to do sth.”后接动词原形，且talk表示“说话”，所以选择talk。 8．句意：婴儿大约需要九个月才能说出真正的单词。此处需要一个名词复数，在句中表示“时间单位”。因为“nine”后接可数名词复数，所以用months。 9．句意：在他们一岁左右时，他们可能能够在帮助下站立或行走。此处需要形容词，在句中构成be able to结构。因为able表示“能够的”，符合语境，所以选择able。 10．句意：很快，他们就能自己跑和玩耍了。此处需要一个动词，在句中表示“动作能力”。因为“be able to”后接动词原形，run符合语境，所以选择run。 We often talk about the weather. But sometimes we just can’t see what it really looks like. ? We can’t see it, but we can feel it. It can make the air move. When it comes, we can see trees, flowers, and many other things moving. Do you like flying kites? If so, you need to make good use of this weather. Sunny This weather likes to come in summer. When it comes, we feel really hot and dry. Farmers don’t like this weather because many vegetables die(死亡) easily. To keep cool, people usually go to swim or go to the mountains.Rainy When this weather comes, you can see water everywhere. People need to bring an umbrella(雨伞) when they go outside. But plants(植物) like this weather. When they get water, they can grow well.Snowy When it’s time for this weather to come, you may see everything in white. The world is like getting dressed in white clothes. All people may feel cold in this weather, but not all of them dislike it. This weather may be one of children’s favorites — they can have fun skating or making snowmen. 1． 2． 3． 4． 5． 【答案】1．Windy 2．right/best 3．problems growing 4．wet 5．keep warm 【导语】本文介绍了四种不同的天气——有风的天气、晴天、雨天和雪天。 【详解】1．根据“We can’t see it, but we can feel it. It can make the air move. When it comes, we can see trees, flowers, and many other things moving.”可知，此处说的是有风的天气。故填Windy。 1．根据“Do you like flying kites? If so, you need to make good use of this weather.”可知，这种天气是放风筝的合适/最好的天气，故填right/best。 2．根据“When it comes, we feel really hot and dry. Farmers don’t like this weather because many vegetables die(死亡) easily.”可知，蔬菜在这种天气里成长有问题，故填problems growing。 3．根据“When this weather comes, you can see water everywhere. People need to bring an umbrella(雨伞) when they go outside.”可知，雨天让外面的事物都湿了。故填wet。 4．根据“The world is like getting dressed in white clothes. All people may feel cold in this weather, but not all of them dislike it.”可知，在这种天气里，人们需要穿更多的衣服保温。故填keep warm。 1 / 8 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 完成时间： 月 日 今日打卡：☐ 已完成 用时： min 自评勋章： 作业08 形容词、副词的最高级 形容词、副词最高级专项用法 一、基本概念 用于三者及以上人/事物对比，表示“最……”。 二、词形变化（和比较级规则一致） （一）规则变化 1. 一般词尾直接加 -est tall → tallest fast → fastest 2. 以 e 结尾，加 -st nice → nicest late → latest 3. 重读闭音节（辅+元+辅），双写末尾辅音再加 -est big → biggest hot → hottest thin → thinnest 4. 辅音字母 + y 结尾，变 y 为 i 再加 -est happy → happiest heavy → heaviest 5. 多音节词、部分双音节词，前面加 most beautiful → most beautiful carefully → most carefully （二）不规则变化（必背） good / well → best bad / badly → worst many / much → most little → least far → farthest / furthest old → oldest / eldest 三、核心句型 句型1 ：主语 + 动词 + the + 最高级 + 范围状语 范围常用：in + 地点/集体、of + 群体（三者及以上） · 形容词最高级（the 一般不省略） She is the cleverest in our class. · 副词最高级（the 可省略） He runs (the) fastest of all students. 句型2 one of + the + 形容词最高级 + 复数名词 最……之一 This is one of the most popular songs. 要点：one of 后名词必须用复数。 句型3 序数词 + the + 形容词最高级 + 单数名词 第几最…… This is the third longest river in our country. 四、修饰词 可修饰最高级：almost, nearly, by far by far the tallest 绝对最高的 五、重点规则 & 易错点 1. 必须体现对比范围 最高级针对三者及以上，句中常搭配 in/of 短语；无范围一般不用最高级。 2. the 的用法 形容词最高级：通常加 the 副词最高级：the 可加可省 3. 禁止双重最高级 ❌ the most biggest ✅ the biggest 4. 同义转换 最高级可换成 比较级 + than any other + 单数名词 He is the tallest in the class. = He is taller than any other student in the class. 5. 范围介词区分 in + 地点/团体：in Beijing, in the team of + 同类人/物：of the five, of all 一、单项选择 1．—Tom did a good job. He got the second ________ score in the school. —Yes. He has already worked ________ this term than before. A．higher; more harder B．highest; much hardest C．highest; much harder D．higher; hardest 2．________ Tom ran, ________ he found it was to breathe. A．The quicker; the harder B．The quicklier; the harder C．The more quickly; the hardlier D．The more quickly; the harder 3．—Mum, I feel nervous about the English exam next week. —Take it easy! ________ you study, ________ results you’ll get. A．Hard; good B．Harder; good C．Hard; better D．The harder; the better 4．—Are you worried about the High School Entrance Exam? —Not at all. I believe that ________ I work, the fewer mistakes I will make. A．the harder B．harder C．the more hardly D．the more harder 5．He drives ________ than I do. A．careful B．more careful C．more carefully D．most carefully 6．She sings ________ than her sister. A．loud B．louder C．loudly D．more loudly 7．She speaks English ________ in our school, but she practices ________ than anyone else. A．most fluently; harder B．more fluently; hardest C．fluently; harder D．the most fluently; hardest 8．Today AI technology is developing ________ we can imagine. Nobody knows what will happen tomorrow. A．as fast as B．much faster than C．more slowly than D．as slowly as 9．The new student speaks English ________ than the local students. A．fluent B．fluently C．more fluently D．most fluently 10．Scientists have designed an AI programme to identify (识别) RNA viruses, which can work much ________ than before. A．quick B．quickly C．more quickly D．more quicker 11．—Is the Great Wall one of ________ in the world? —Yes, it’s longer than ________ ancient building in China. A．the most amazing wonders; the other B．the more amazing wonders; the other C．the most amazing wonders; any other D．the most amazing wonder; any other 12．Among all the sports events in the world, the Olympic Games are ________ for every athlete. A．exciting B．more exciting C．most exciting D．the most exciting 13．Guangzhou is one of ________ cities in China. A．big B．bigger C．the biggest D．biggest 14．Jack is one of the best ________ in his class who ________ by his teacher many times in public. A．student; was praised B．students; are praised C．student; are praised D．students; was praised 15．—Which river is ________, the Yangtze River or the Yellow River? —The Yangtze River. It is ________ river in the world. A．long; the third longer B．longer; the three longer C．longer; the third longest D．longest; the third longest 16．—________ is the population of India?     —Sorry, I am not sure. I wonder whether India has the second ________ population in the world at present. A．How much, most B．How much, largest C．What, most D．What, largest 17．The Nile is the ________ river in the world. It is ________ than the Yangtze River. A．longest; longer B．longest; longest C．longer; longest D．longer; longer 18．David is ________ boy in his class and he never loses things. A．careful B．more careful C．the most careful D．most careful 19．This is ________ storybook I have ever read. I want to read it again. A．interesting B．more interesting C．most interesting D．the most interesting 20．—Home is _________ place wherever you go. —That’s true. East or west, home is best. A．warm B．warmer C．the warmer D．the warmest 二、完成句子 1．多吃蔬菜和水果，少吃垃圾食品是最简单的方法。 Eating more vegetables and fruit and less junk food is the ________ way. 2．珠穆朗玛峰是世界上最高的山峰。 Qomolangma is ________ ________ ________ in the world. 3．春天是我最喜爱的季节之一。 Spring is one of my favorite ________. 4．我相信 4 月是泰国最热的月份。 I ________ that April is the ________ month in Thailand. 5．它流得最远，长约6300公里。 It travels ________ ________ and is about ________ ________ long. 6．Which ________ in literature do you like ________? 你最喜欢的文学人物是谁？ 7．但是谁能弹钢琴弹得最好或唱歌唱得最美呢？ But who can play the piano ________ ________ or sing ________ ________ beautifully? 8．长江是中国流得最远的河流。 The Yangtze River travels the __________ in China. 9．杰克是我们班跑得最快的男孩。 Jack is the boy who ________ ________ ________ in our class. 10．中欧班列是从中国开往欧洲距离最远的货运列车。 CR Express is the freight train that ________ ________ ________ from China to Europe. 一、完形填空 There are many amazing natural wonders on Earth. They show the beauty of our planet and make us feel surprised. Mount Everest is one of the 1 mountains in the world. It is between China and Nepal, and its height is about 8,848 meters. 2 climbing it is not easy, many people still dream of reaching its top. The Dead Sea is another special place. It is the lowest point on Earth, and 3 surface is about 430 meters 4 sea level. The water here has much salt, 5 people can float easily in it without sinking. Have you heard of the Mariana Trench? It is in the western Pacific Ocean. It is the deepest part of the ocean, and very few people 6 it so far. These natural wonders are 7 great gift from nature. We should cherish these wonders and protect our Earth. Every time we learn about them, we will feel the magic of nature and be more grateful for the world we live in. Many scientists spend years on the 8 of these wonders to know more about our planet. 9 amazing nature is to create such places, and we can always find new joy in these natural 10 . 1．A．high B．higher C．highest 2．A．Although B．So C．Because 3．A．its B．it C．it’s 4．A．above B．below C．beside 5．A．so B．or C．but 6．A．visit B．visited C．have visited 7．A．a B．an C．the 8．A．measure B．measures C．measurement 9．A．How B．What C．Which 10．A．wonder B．wonders C．wonderful 二、语法选择 阅读下面短文，从短文后所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出能填入相应空白处的最佳选项。 Last summer, a group of friends decided to go on a trip. They were very excited at first, 1 later they met some problems. One day, they went into 2 old temple. As soon as they entered (进入), they felt a strange atmosphere. They could 3 whispers (低语声). “What’s going on? Why is it so quiet and a bit scary?” one of the friends asked. “Maybe we shouldn’t have come in,” another said. The next day, they went on their trip. There 4 a heavy rain, and they got all wet. They had to find a place to have a rest. The leader of the group didn’t want to give up 5 plan.“We can’t let the rain stop us,” he said firmly. “What’s wrong with you? Is it OK to keep going in such bad weather?” one of the members asked. When the leader knew his friends’ worry, he began 6 about his idea. “It’s true that the weather is not good, but I was 7 about missing the beautiful scenery,” the leader explained (解释). The friends understood 8 the leader said. “You are truly our good leader,” one friend said. The leader was happy 9 get friends’ support. Finally, the rain stopped, and they enjoyed the rest of the trip. They knew that they learned a lot not only about traveling but also about 10 together as a team. 1．A．but B．and C．or 2．A．a B．an C．the 3．A．hear B．heard C．hearing 4．A．was B．were C．is 5．A．he B．him C．his 6．A．to think B．think C．thought 7．A．worry B．worried C．worrying 8．A．which B．what C．that 9．A．in B．with C．to 10．A．work B．working C．to work 三、阅读理解 A About 500 years ago in China, there was a famous traveller named Xu Xiake. He spent 30 years travelling across China. As a child, Xu enjoyed reading books about China’s mountains and rivers. He decided to see them when he grew up. At that time, many kids studied hard to become officials. But Xu’s father never made him take exams. Instead, he encouraged his son to explore the world. Xu began his journey (旅行) at about 20. Before he left, his mother made him a travelling hat to encourage him. Xu travelled to 21 provinces (省) and over 100 cities in China. He climbed thousands of mountains and visited over 350 caves (洞穴). He was the first person to find the peak of Huangshan Mountain. He was also the first to find lots of karst (喀斯特) caves. He found the Yangtze River’s headwater (源头). All of these were very important for the later study of geography. Xu travelled mainly on foot. He slept and ate in nature. Sometimes he met dangers like falling into rivers or running into dangerous animals. But he wasn’t afraid and enjoyed his journey. Xu kept a travelling diary. It was published (出版) only after he died. The book Travel Diaries of Xu Xiake is still liked by people today. Being a traveller and an explorer can be very exciting. But you must be brave and have skills. Do you want to be one like Xu Xiake? 1．Why did Xu decide to travel across China? A．Because he was interested in nature. B．Because he wanted to write a book. C．Because travelling could help him become an official. D．Because he had to find a new home. 2．What did Xu Xiake do during his travels? A．He discovered the Yellow River’s headwater. B．He explored many places around China. C．He became famous because of his diary. D．He taught people how to protect nature. 3．What does the underlined word “these” in Paragraph 3 refer to? A．Travelers. B．Places. C．Xu’s findings. D．The caves only. 4．What can we learn from Xu Xiake’s experience? A．If a man travels far, he will know more. B．The future starts today, not tomorrow. C．Every journey has its end. D．Old habits die hard 5．What is the best title for this passage? A．A World-Famous Diary B．The Trip to the Big Mountains C．A Cool Chinese Traveller D．How to Write a Travel Diary B 1．What’s the best for “ ▲ ”? A．Museum Safety Tips. B．Museum Visitor Map. C．Museum Opening Hours. D．Museum Information Card. 2．Where is the ticket booth? A．On the left of the museum. B．On the corner of the museum. C．At the back of the museum. D．In the front of the museum. 3．What can visitors learn about first in the museum? A．The moon. B．Dinosaurs. C．Volcanoes. D．Magnets. 4．What can visitors do after they play with magnets? A．See the dinosaur skeletons. B．Play with water. C．Learn about the moon. D．Watch a volcano erupt. 5．Which picture can be put in “ ? ”? A． B． C． D． C It’s barbecue (烧烤) time! The summer holiday is coming. If you want to stay healthy and enjoy a great barbecue, you can’t miss our Three B trip! This is a three-day barbecue trip. We have a lot of interesting activities. You can enjoy 3B (Bike, Bed and Barbecue) with your family and friends. Day 1  We can enjoy the soft wind and fresh air along the road by bus. Then, have lunch at Tree Hotel. Stay at River Camp at night. Day 2  Keep going on our trip. It will be a no-meat day then. We will pick fresh vegetables and fruit on Happy Farm. Although we won’t have meat that day, you will like the delicious vegetables and fruit picked by yourself. Stay at the Queen Hotel at night. Day 3  After breakfast, we can do some exercise to shake off (甩掉) fat. The barbecue is at 12:00 and we will say goodbye after lunch. Kids under 6: $30Kids aged 6-12: $60 People over 12: $120 根据材料内容选择最佳答案。 1．What does the “3B trip” stand for? A．Bike, Bus and Barbecue. B．Bike, Bed and Barbecue. C．Bed, Bus and Barbecue. D．Bike, Bed and Bus. 2．People can enjoy the soft wind and fresh air ________. A．on Happy Farm B．at Tree Hotel C．on the way to Tree Hotel D．at Queen Hotel 3．People will ride ________ kilometres on the second day. A．sixteen B．fifteen C．fourteen D．nineteen 4．If a family of 4 (parents, one 8-year-old boy, one 5-year-old girl) joins the trip, how much will they pay? A．$330. B．$360. C．$390. D．$420. 5．Which of the following is TRUE about the Three B trip? A．You will have no meat on the third day. B．You will have a barbecue at noon on the third day. C．You will have lunch at Tree Hotel on the second day. D．Travelers will stay at River Camp on the night of Day 2. 四、选词填空 able  talk  surprising  even  one  and  curious  run  from  they  month  for Humans are a type of mammal (哺乳动物), like cows and dogs. Most baby mammals can do many things 1 right after they are born. But human babies are different. They need help from adults to live. In the 2 month after they are born, babies can’t smile or sit up. They can’t 3 hold their heads up without help from adults. As time goes by, babies grow 4 learn new things. They learn to roll over, hold their heads up, and sit when adults are holding them. Babies also need to learn how to use their hands. It takes 5 a few months to learn to reach for things. When they are about six months old, many babies can move things 6 one hand to the other. Babies learn to 7 by babbling (咿呀学语). They try to copy the sounds they hear from adults. It takes about nine 8 for a baby to say real words. Around their first birthday, they might be 9 to stand or walk with some help. Soon, they will be able to 10 and play by themselves! The first year of a baby’s life is a time when they grow and learn a lot. Growing up is a lot of work! We often talk about the weather. But sometimes we just can’t see what it really looks like. ? We can’t see it, but we can feel it. It can make the air move. When it comes, we can see trees, flowers, and many other things moving. Do you like flying kites? If so, you need to make good use of this weather. Sunny This weather likes to come in summer. When it comes, we feel really hot and dry. Farmers don’t like this weather because many vegetables die(死亡) easily. To keep cool, people usually go to swim or go to the mountains.Rainy When this weather comes, you can see water everywhere. People need to bring an umbrella(雨伞) when they go outside. But plants(植物) like this weather. When they get water, they can grow well.Snowy When it’s time for this weather to come, you may see everything in white. The world is like getting dressed in white clothes. All people may feel cold in this weather, but not all of them dislike it. This weather may be one of children’s favorites — they can have fun skating or making snowmen. 1． 2． 3． 4． 5． 1 / 8 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $