专题02 形容词、副词与介词（结构化知识+题型提升练）2026年暑假新高一英语衔接与突破

2026年暑假新高一英语衔接与突破（结构化知识+题型提升练） 专题02 形容词、副词与介词 目录 第一部分 必备知识结构化清单 梳理必备的语言知识点，夯实语言基础能力 第二部分 必备能力题型强化练 必备知识与能力提升练，提升语言运用能力 ◇Part 01 必备知识结构化清单 形容词与副词 1. 形容词与副词的基本定义及功能 词性 定义 主要功能 典型例句 形容词 (Adj.) 用来修饰名词或代词，表示人或事物的性质、状态或特征。 1. 作定语（修饰名词） 2. 作表语（系动词后） 3. 作宾补 1. She is a beautiful girl. (定语) 2. The flower smells sweet. (表语) 3. Keep the room clean. (宾补) 副词 (Adv.) 用来修饰动词、形容词、其他副词或整个句子，表示时间、地点、程度、方式等。 1. 作状语（修饰动词/句子） 2. 修饰形容词/副词 3. 作表语（少数表示位置的副词） 1. He runs quickly. (状语) 2. It is very hot. (修饰形容词) 3. Time is up. (表语) 2. 副词的构成规则（常见后缀） 规则 说明 形容词原级 副词形式 特例/注意 一般情况 直接加 -ly quick quickly 以不发音e结尾 去e加 -ly true truly gentle → gently (保留e) 以辅音字母+y结尾 变y为i加 -ly happy happily 以le结尾 去e加 -y simple simply possible → possibly 以ic结尾 加 -ally basic basically public → publicly (特例) 形副同形 不加后缀，形式不变 fast, hard, late, high, early, daily fast, hard, late, high, early, daily 注意：hardly意为“几乎不”，是另一个词 特殊变化 形式完全不同或易混淆 good (adj.) well (adv.) ill (adj./adv.) 3. 不规则变化表（原级 → 比较级 → 最高级） 原级 比较级 最高级 备注 good / well better best well作副词时比较级/最高级同good bad / badly / ill worse worst many / much more most little less least 指数量或程度 far farther / further farthest / furthest farther指距离；further指程度/抽象意义 old older / elder oldest / eldest elder/eldest主要用于家庭成员长幼次序 late later / latter latest / last later/later指时间；latter/last指顺序 4. 比较级和最高级的构成规则及特例 类别 规则 原级 比较级 最高级 单音节词 一般加 -er / -est tall taller tallest 以e结尾加 -r / -st nice nicer nicest 重读闭音节，双写末尾辅音加 -er / -est big bigger biggest 双音节词 以y结尾，变y为i加 -er / -est busy busier busiest 其他双音节及多音节词，前加 more / most careful more careful most careful 特例/注意 少数双音节词两种形式均可 clever, narrow cleverer / more clever cleverest / most clever 比较级前可用 much, a lot, far, even, a bit, a little 等修饰 much better 最高级前通常加 the，若有物主代词或名词所有格则不加 the my best friend 5. 形容词与副词在句子中的位置及用法区别 比较维度 形容词 (Adj.) 副词 (Adv.) 修饰对象 主要修饰名词或代词 主要修饰动词、形容词、其他副词或全句 作定语位置 通常放在名词之前 (a good book) 不定代词之后 (something new) 副词一般不作定语，除非是后置定语或特定副词 (the people here) 作表语位置 放在系动词 (be, feel, look, sound, taste, smell, become, get) 之后 少数表示状态或位置的副词可作表语 (be in, be out, be home) 作状语位置 形容词不能直接作状语修饰动词 1. 方式副词常在动词后 (speak loudly) 2. 频率副词常在实义动词前，be动词后 (always study, is always late) 3. 程度副词在形容词/副词前 (very good) 易混辨析 hard (努力的/硬的), late (迟的), high (高的), deep (深的) hardly (几乎不), lately (最近), highly (高度地), deeply (深深地) 感官动词搭配 系动词后接形容词，表示主语的状态 (The music sounds beautiful.) 实义动词后接副词，表示动作的方式 (He sings beautifully.) 介词 介词 基础用法 (初中重点) 进阶用法与固定搭配 (高中衔接重点) 易错点与辨析 in 1. 时间：年、月、季节、世纪 (in 2023, in May) 2. 地点：大地方 (in China, in Beijing) 3. 状态：穿着 (in red) 1. 时间段后：表示“在...之后” (in 3 days) 2. 领域/方面：expert in (在...方面专家) 3. 固定搭配： in charge of (负责) in favor of (支持) in terms of (就...而言) in case (以防万一) in time (及时) vs on time (准时) in the end (最后，终于) vs at the end (在...末尾) on 1. 时间：具体某一天、星期 (on Monday, on July 1st) 2. 地点：接触表面 (on the desk) 3. 关于：a book on history 1. 依赖/基于：depend on, rely on, based on 2. 处于...状态：on fire (着火), on sale (出售/打折), on duty (值班) 3. 固定搭配： on purpose (故意) on average (平均) on the contrary (相反) on the tree (长在树上的果实/叶子) in the tree (外来的鸟/人等在树上) at 1. 时间：具体时刻 (at 7:00) 2. 地点：小地点、站点 (at the bus stop, at home) 3. 目标：look at, shout at 1. 速度/价格/比率：at a speed of, at the price of 2. 状态/活动：at work (在工作), at play (在玩耍), at war (在交战) 3. 固定搭配： at present (目前) at risk (处于危险中) at the cost of (以...为代价) at night (在夜里) vs in the night (特指某天的夜里) arrive at (小地点) vs arrive in (大地点) by 1. 方式：乘坐交通工具 (by bus) 2. 被动语态执行者：written by Lu Xun 3. 旁边：stand by the window 1. 截止时间：by the end of... (到...末为止)，常与完成时连用 2. 手段/方法：by doing sth (通过做某事) 3. 固定搭配： by chance (偶然) by mistake (错误地) by no means (决不) by the time (到...时候为止) 引导的时间状语从句，主句常用完成时。 next to (紧挨着) 不等于 by (附近/通过) with 1. 伴随：go with me 2. 工具：write with a pen 3. 具有：a girl with long hair 1. 原因：tremble with cold (冷得发抖) 2. 随着：with the development of... (随着...的发展) 3. 独立主格/复合结构：with + obj + doing/done/adj/adv/prep 4. 固定搭配： be familiar with (熟悉) be satisfied with (满意) deal with (处理) with 表示“用”时，通常指具体的工具； in 表示“用”时，通常指语言、声音、材料 (in English, in ink)。 for 1. 对象：gift for you 2. 原因：thank you for... 3. 持续时间：for 3 years 1. 目的/去向：leave for Beijing (动身去北京) 2. 交换/代价：pay for, exchange for 3. 固定搭配： be famous for (因...闻名) be responsible for (对...负责) for fear of (生怕/以免) for + 时间段 (用于完成时或过去时) since + 时间点 (用于完成时) of 1. 所属：the door of the room 2. 内容：a cup of tea 1. 同位关系：the city of Beijing 2. 动宾关系转化：the arrival of the train (train arrives) 3. 固定搭配： be aware of (意识到) be proud of (自豪) consist of (由...组成) accuse sb of sth (指控某人某事) be made of (看得出原材料，物理变化) be made from (看不出原材料，化学变化) about 1. 关于：talk about 2. 大约：about 50 people 1. 即将：be about to do sth (正要做某事，不与具体时间连用) 2. 固定搭配： be anxious about (担忧) be curious about (好奇) what/how about...? (提议/询问意见) on 比 about 更正式、更专业 (a lecture on physics vs talk about physics) 学习建议 1. 语境记忆：不要孤立背诵介词，务必结合固定搭配（Collocations）和例句记忆。高中阶段对介词的考查多集中在动词/形容词+介词的固定搭配中。 2. 抽象意义延伸：高中英语中介词的抽象用法增多（如 at 表示状态/比率，in 表示领域），需从空间/时间的本义引申理解。 3. 注意细微差别：重点关注易混淆介词组的区别，如 in time/on time，by/with/in 表示方式时的不同，of/from 在材料构成中的区别。 ◇Part 02 必备能力题型强化练 一、单项选择 1．I’ve got jobs around the house to do. A．vary B．varies C．various D．variety 2．That is a really famous and ________ speech I have ever heard. A．inspiring B．inspired C．inspire D．inspiration 3．Don’t lose heart. The harder you study, progress you’ll make． A．great B．the great C．the greater D．the greatest 4．— She says that she isn’t ________ than anyone else. — But I think she has a very strong will. A．clever B．cleverer C．cleverest D．the cleverest 5．The mother was ________ to hear that her son admitted ________ the serious mistake and apologized to his classmate. A．pleasing; to make B．pleasing; making C．pleased; to make D．pleased; making 6．________ not to let down his parents, he studied even harder for the final exams. A．Determined B．Determining C．To determine D．Having determined 7．I found it ________ that he should be late. A．astonishment B．astonish C．astonished D．astonishing 8．________ for the high-stakes negotiation that would determine the future of his company, he walked into the conference room and presented his proposal confidently. A．Well preparing B．Being well prepared C．Well prepared D．Having well preparing 9．________ he encounters many challenges, he is still ________ to achieve his goal. A．Despite; determined B．In spite of; determining C．Although; determined D．Though; determining 10．The new method proved highly ______ in improving students’ writing. A．core B．chief C．major D．effective 11．________ again and again in class, the theory still remains ________ by most students. A．Explaining; misunderstood B．Having been explained; misunderstood C．Being explained; misunderstanding D．Having explained; misunderstood 12．Unable to get the computer ________ to the Wi-Fi, the new technician was in such a panic (惊慌), with an ________ expression on his face. A．connecting; embarrassed B．connecting; satisfying C．connected; embarrassed D．connected; satisfied 13．The two friends talked for hours and proposed ________ wish to travel around the world together. A．a shared B．a sharing C．to share a D．to sharing a 14．It still remains ________ whether he is innocent or ________. A．seeing; guilt B．seen; guiltily C．see; guilty D．to be seen; guilty 15．He is slow to learn, but shows great ________, for he is ________about study. A．perseverance; enthusiastic B．persevering; enthusiastically C．persevered; enthusiast D．persevere; enthusiasm 16．________ in thought, he almost ran into the car in front of him, ________ the driver to brake hard. A．Lost; causing B．Losing; caused C．Being lost; causing D．Having been lost; causing 17．Many local residents_________by the fact that some previously unknown ancient sites_________without effective protection over the past few years. A．are upsetting; have identified B．are upset; have identified C．are upset; have been identified D．are upsetting; have been identified 18．—Mary is ______ about what she eats. She never has junk food. —A good habit. A．care B．careful C．carefully D．careless 19．It is to keep of the calories you burn if you want to be in shape. A．benefited; pace B．beneficial; track C．benefits; touch D．benefit; sight 20．It’s ________ of Tom to forget his keys — he’s always been careless with small things. A．typical B．practical C．magical D．unusual 21．__________, the heavy rain didn’t stop us from finishing the outdoor task on time. A．Fortunately B．Frankly C．Independently D．Entirely 22．He________himself to reading varieties of books in his spare time since childhood. ________, he is a popular writer now. A．abandoned; Consequent B．abandons; Consequentially C．was abandoning; Consequence D．has been abandoning; Consequently 23．We need to be quiet in the library; ________, we might disturb other people who are reading. A．therefore B．otherwise C．instead D．however 24．________, the traffic wasn’t too bad so I managed to get to the meeting on time. A．Fortunate B．Fortunately C．Unfortunate D．Unfortunately 25．Ryan was very young and had no experience in fundraising, , he successfully persuaded many people to support his cause. A．yet B．and C．however D．as 26．Of all the traditional festivals, Mid-Autumn Festival is ________ celebrated in our hometown. A．widely B．more widely C．most widely D．the most widely 27．The little boy ran ________ to catch the bus, but he still missed it because the bus left ________. A．quick; sudden B．quickly; suddenly C．quick; suddenly D．quickly; sudden 28．— Did you finish your homework ________? — Yes, I did it ________ so that I could watch the football match. A．quick; quick B．quickly; quickly C．quick; quickly D．quickly; quick 29．Which transition word is best for adding another point in an argumentative essay? A．However B．Therefore C．Moreover D．Nevertheless 30．Her success stems from a powerful _________ drive and a firm belief in herself. She prefers to handle challenges _________ rather than seeking help. A．personal; personally B．personable; personally C．impersonal; personified D．personality; personified 31．—The fish smells so ________. —Thanks. My mum cooks fish very ________. A．good; good B．well; good C．well; well D．good; well 32．My younger brother studies ________ me. A．as hard as B．as hardly as C．so hard as D．so hardly as 33．Though his grandmother lives________, she never feels ________. A．alone; alone B．lonely; lonely C．alone; lonely D．lonely; alone 34．You must run ________ to catch up with others. A．enough quickly B．quick enough C．quickly enough D．enough quick 35．—Can you communicate ________ in English? —Sorry, I can’t. I know ________ English. A．well; a little B．good; little C．good; a little D．well; little 36．She is very _______ in all classes and thinks _______. A．attention; actively B．attentive; actively C．attentively; active D．attentively; actively 37．The young athlete spoke _______ about her upcoming competition because she has great confidence _______ well in every training session. A．confidently; doing B．confident; do C．confidence; doing D．confidently; to do 38．Born and ________ in a poor family, he has always ________ confidence and is afraid of doing anything wrong to let his parents ________. A．risen... lacked of... down B．rose... been lacking in... out C．bred... lacked... down D．raised... lacked... out 39．______ the classic Shi Ji, the only great historical works I had been exposed to were Homer’s epic poems. A．Prior to B．Due to C．In addition to D．Contrary to 40．______ the fact that he had not prepared well, he managed to pass the exam ______ only two points. A．In spite of; by B．Regardless of; with C．Despite; in D．Though; on 41．The research findings are not consistent ______ the previous theory, which calls ______ a thorough review of our hypothesis. A．to; for B．with; for C．to; on D．with; in 42．Many graduates choose to hold on to their dreams ________ all kinds of difficulties and uncertainties. A．beyond B．despite C．between D．among 43．At the British Museum, many ancient artifacts with connections ________ lost civilizations are currently ________ display, offering visitors a rare glimpse into how people once lived. A．with, in B．to, on C．with, at D．to, under 44．Despite having to sail an extra 150 miles after being blown ________ by the unexpected gale, the experienced captain managed to ________ nearly 2,000 nautical miles in just two weeks. A．off course; cross B．on course; cross C．off course; cover D．on course; cover 45．The sudden change in weather caught us ________ surprise, and we were left completely unprepared ________ the heavy rain. A．by; for B．in; to C．with; against D．at; with 46．The local residents’ protest was aimed ______ raising public awareness ______ the potential health risks of the new chemical plant. A．to; about B．at; of C．for; on D．toward; against 47．The success of the project depends largely ______ effective communication and close cooperation ______ all team members. A．on; between B．in; among C．on; with D．in; from 48．Many people remain desperate ________ help. A．on B．during C．as D．for 49．The training program is designed to ______ students ______ the skills needed for future jobs. A．equip; on B．equip; for C．equip; by D．equip; with 50．Passengers for Miami flight should proceed ________ Gate 25. A．with B．against C．during D．to 51．There is no doubt that modern medicine has developed greatly, but it still can’t cure many people ______ certain mental illnesses. A．by B．from C．of D．for 52．Your idea is quite similar ______ the one that was put forward by our monitor yesterday. A．with B．to C．from D．in 53．Their family life is similar ours, and they enjoy the same food and hobbies. A．for B．of C．with D．to 54．_________ a certain degree, the time and effort _________ takes to plan and organize the games is way more than what people can imagine. A．On; that B．In; which C．To; it D．With; what 55．It was the culture, ________ the language that made it hard for him to ________ the new environment abroad. A．rather than; adapt to B．other than; contribute to C．rather than; live up to D．other than; get down to 二、阅读理解 1 In December 2025, Australia will make history as the first country to ban children under 16 from using social media platforms (平台) like Meta, X, and TikTok. This groundbreaking policy has led to heated global discussion, making Australia a test case for solving one of today’s trickiest youth problems. The Australian government, led by Prime Minister Anthony Albanese, says the ban is a necessary response to a growing public health problem. Many studies link too much social media use among young people to higher rates of depression, self-harm, and addiction. Beyond that, the platforms’ design causes other risks like self-worth damaging. Albanese said, “Social media are doing social harm to our kids. We’ve reduced time on it. We want our kids to have a childhood.” However, experts raise serious concerns. Teens who are skilled in technology might use VPNs to avoid the ban, pushing them to less safe parts of the internet. Overly strict selection could also prevent them from using valuable learning resources and social connections, especially for marginalized (被边缘化的) youth or kids from other regions seeking real community. Social media companies like Meta and TikTok have blamed the policy, noting they already offer age-suitable safety features. Globally, other Western nations have taken different approaches. The EU uses rules to force tech companies to be more serious, while U.S. efforts aren’t worth mentioning — federal (联邦的) action is prevented by free speech debates, and states have different bans. As a medium-sized market, Australia’s policy results will offer important lessons for other countries. If the ban improves teens’ mental health without creating unlawful digital markets or separating weak groups, it could become a global model. If it fails, it will serve as a warning about the limits of government control in the borderless digital world. All eyes are on Australia to see how this brave experiment carries on. 56．Why did Australia introduce the social media ban for under-16s? A．To respond to the overuse of social media. B．To promote local social media platforms. C．To offer teens more online learning resources. D．To limit tech companies’ influence on Australia. 57．What is the experts’ attitude towards Australia’s ban? A．Positive. B．Unclear. C．Worried. D．Disappointed. 58．What may make Australia’s ban successful? A．Young people give up using the internet. B．Other countries copy the policy immediately. C．Tech companies stop updating social media platforms. D．Australia improve teens’ mental health without side effects. 59．What is the best title for the text? A．Tell Differences of Social Media Rules B．Australia’s Under-16 Social Media Ban C．Australia’s Social Media Policy History D．Protect Youth from Today’s Social Media 2 Nowadays, many teenagers spend a great deal of time indoors, focusing on digital devices and schoolwork. As a result, they take little part in outdoor activities. However, outdoor activities are extremely important for teenagers’ physical and mental development. Outdoor activities are good for teenagers’ physical health. When teenagers go outside to exercise, such as running, cycling or hiking, they can strengthen their bodies and improve their physical fitness. Fresh air and natural sunlight help them stay energetic and reduce the risk of many illnesses. Besides, taking part in outdoor sports can protect their eyesight and prevent short-sightedness, because they can look far into the distance and relax their eye muscles. Outdoor activities also benefit teenagers’ mental health. Being close to nature helps them relax and relieve pressure from study and life. It can calm their minds and improve their mood. In addition, outdoor activities often require teamwork and communication, which help teenagers develop social skills and build confidence. They can make more friends and learn to solve problems together. However, some teenagers are not willing to take part in outdoor activities. Some think outdoor activities are tiring or boring. Others are so busy with their studies that they have no time to go outside. To change this situation, parents and schools should encourage teenagers to step out of the room. Schools can organize more outdoor activities and sports meetings. Parents should spend more time doing outdoor activities with their children. Teenagers should also realize the importance of going outdoors and take action actively. 60．What is the benefit of outdoor activities for teenagers’ physical health? A．It makes them depend more on digital devices. B．It helps them strengthen their bodies and protect eyesight. C．It increases their pressure from study. D．It makes them stay indoors for a longer time. 61．How do outdoor activities influence teenagers’ mental health? A．By making them feel more stressed. B．By helping them relax and improve their mood. C．By reducing their communication with others. D．By making them lose confidence. 62．What does the underlined word “relieve” in Paragraph 3 mean? A．Increase B．Reduce. C．Find. D．Record. 63．What is the main idea of the passage? A．The importance and benefits of outdoor activities for teenagers. B．The disadvantages of staying indoors for teenagers. C．The ways to improve teenagers’ study efficiency. D．The relationship between outdoor activities and digital devices. 三、完形填空 In 2018, I arrived in a small Chinese village as a first-year volunteer teacher. The village, 64 deep in the mountains, was a beautiful but poverty-stricken place. Over 70% of the children there were left-behind children, their parents 65 in cities far away. On my first day, I entered a classroom filled with curious eyes. Little Mei, a shy girl seated in the corner, barely 66 any eye contact. She was quiet and seemed to live in her own world, often lost in thought during my lessons. For weeks, I tried to 67 to her. I offered small gifts, praised her in class, and asked her simple questions. But she always   68 her head without a word. It wasn’t until one rainy afternoon that everything 69 . During a heavy storm, Mei fell and got her clothes all muddy. I rushed to 70 her up, gave her my coat, and walked her home. That evening, for the first time, I saw a 71 appear on her face — a small but genuine one. The next day, she arrived at school early with a 72 of freshly picked wildflowers. “For you, teacher,” she whispered. From that day on, Mei began to 73 . She started raising her hand in class, helping classmates, and even reciting poems loudly. Her transformation was nothing short of 74 . Three years later, when my volunteer term ended, Mei gave me a letter. “You taught me that someone 75 ,” she wrote. “Now I want to become a teacher too, so I can 76 the love you gave me.” Looking back, I realize that teaching is not just about 77 knowledge. It’s about showing up, believing in someone, and trusting that a little 78 can go a long way. 64．A．hidden B．built C．raised D．trapped 65．A．studying B．working C．traveling D．struggling 66．A．avoided B．broke C．made D．lost 67．A．break out B．reach out C．hold out D．turn out 68．A．shook B．nodded C．lowered D．raised 69．A．changed B．happened C．ended D．disappeared 70．A．lift B．pick C．cheer D．set 71．A．blush B．tear C．worry D．smile 72．A．bag B．box C．bunch D．bowl 73．A．wake up B．open up C．warm up D．light up 74．A．ordinary B．natural C．magical D．familiar 75．A．deserves B．cares C．tries D．stays 76．A．share B．return C．pass on D．show off 77．A．exchanging B．testing C．gaining D．spreading 78．A．kindness B．patience C．intelligence D．courage 四、语法填空 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容或括号内单词的正确形式。 We walked inside a museum in Garden City and looked around, eager 79 (meet) Kobie Boykins, a NASA engineer. He helped to design the Mars rover (探测器) Curiosity, 80 is still exploring to this day. In a big presentation room, Boykins 81 (talk) about the team’s newest rover, Mars 2020. We asked him if the new rover would be 82 most complicated one he and his team 83 (make) so far. He told us that most of the engineering would be the same. However, the rover is still more   84 (advance) and will be able to get more accurate test   85 (result). When Boykins finished his presentation, some people brought him into another room where we would interview him. We asked if he felt he was   86 a lot of pressure at work. He told us that he   87 (actual) put a lot of pressure on himself. He said that working on the spacecraft wasn’t putting him in that position, but he still wanted to make   88 perfect. ( 1 / 2 )学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 2026年暑假新高一英语衔接与突破（结构化知识+题型提升练） 专题02 形容词、副词与介词 目录 第一部分 必备知识结构化清单 梳理必备的语言知识点，夯实语言基础能力 第二部分 必备能力题型强化练 必备知识与能力提升练，提升语言运用能力 ◇Part 01 必备知识结构化清单 形容词与副词 1. 形容词与副词的基本定义及功能 词性 定义 主要功能 典型例句 形容词 (Adj.) 用来修饰名词或代词，表示人或事物的性质、状态或特征。 1. 作定语（修饰名词） 2. 作表语（系动词后） 3. 作宾补 1. She is a beautiful girl. (定语) 2. The flower smells sweet. (表语) 3. Keep the room clean. (宾补) 副词 (Adv.) 用来修饰动词、形容词、其他副词或整个句子，表示时间、地点、程度、方式等。 1. 作状语（修饰动词/句子） 2. 修饰形容词/副词 3. 作表语（少数表示位置的副词） 1. He runs quickly. (状语) 2. It is very hot. (修饰形容词) 3. Time is up. (表语) 2. 副词的构成规则（常见后缀） 规则 说明 形容词原级 副词形式 特例/注意 一般情况 直接加 -ly quick quickly 以不发音e结尾 去e加 -ly true truly gentle → gently (保留e) 以辅音字母+y结尾 变y为i加 -ly happy happily 以le结尾 去e加 -y simple simply possible → possibly 以ic结尾 加 -ally basic basically public → publicly (特例) 形副同形 不加后缀，形式不变 fast, hard, late, high, early, daily fast, hard, late, high, early, daily 注意：hardly意为“几乎不”，是另一个词 特殊变化 形式完全不同或易混淆 good (adj.) well (adv.) ill (adj./adv.) 3. 不规则变化表（原级 → 比较级 → 最高级） 原级 比较级 最高级 备注 good / well better best well作副词时比较级/最高级同good bad / badly / ill worse worst many / much more most little less least 指数量或程度 far farther / further farthest / furthest farther指距离；further指程度/抽象意义 old older / elder oldest / eldest elder/eldest主要用于家庭成员长幼次序 late later / latter latest / last later/later指时间；latter/last指顺序 4. 比较级和最高级的构成规则及特例 类别 规则 原级 比较级 最高级 单音节词 一般加 -er / -est tall taller tallest 以e结尾加 -r / -st nice nicer nicest 重读闭音节，双写末尾辅音加 -er / -est big bigger biggest 双音节词 以y结尾，变y为i加 -er / -est busy busier busiest 其他双音节及多音节词，前加 more / most careful more careful most careful 特例/注意 少数双音节词两种形式均可 clever, narrow cleverer / more clever cleverest / most clever 比较级前可用 much, a lot, far, even, a bit, a little 等修饰 much better 最高级前通常加 the，若有物主代词或名词所有格则不加 the my best friend 5. 形容词与副词在句子中的位置及用法区别 比较维度 形容词 (Adj.) 副词 (Adv.) 修饰对象 主要修饰名词或代词 主要修饰动词、形容词、其他副词或全句 作定语位置 通常放在名词之前 (a good book) 不定代词之后 (something new) 副词一般不作定语，除非是后置定语或特定副词 (the people here) 作表语位置 放在系动词 (be, feel, look, sound, taste, smell, become, get) 之后 少数表示状态或位置的副词可作表语 (be in, be out, be home) 作状语位置 形容词不能直接作状语修饰动词 1. 方式副词常在动词后 (speak loudly) 2. 频率副词常在实义动词前，be动词后 (always study, is always late) 3. 程度副词在形容词/副词前 (very good) 易混辨析 hard (努力的/硬的), late (迟的), high (高的), deep (深的) hardly (几乎不), lately (最近), highly (高度地), deeply (深深地) 感官动词搭配 系动词后接形容词，表示主语的状态 (The music sounds beautiful.) 实义动词后接副词，表示动作的方式 (He sings beautifully.) 介词 介词 基础用法 (初中重点) 进阶用法与固定搭配 (高中衔接重点) 易错点与辨析 in 1. 时间：年、月、季节、世纪 (in 2023, in May) 2. 地点：大地方 (in China, in Beijing) 3. 状态：穿着 (in red) 1. 时间段后：表示“在...之后” (in 3 days) 2. 领域/方面：expert in (在...方面专家) 3. 固定搭配： in charge of (负责) in favor of (支持) in terms of (就...而言) in case (以防万一) in time (及时) vs on time (准时) in the end (最后，终于) vs at the end (在...末尾) on 1. 时间：具体某一天、星期 (on Monday, on July 1st) 2. 地点：接触表面 (on the desk) 3. 关于：a book on history 1. 依赖/基于：depend on, rely on, based on 2. 处于...状态：on fire (着火), on sale (出售/打折), on duty (值班) 3. 固定搭配： on purpose (故意) on average (平均) on the contrary (相反) on the tree (长在树上的果实/叶子) in the tree (外来的鸟/人等在树上) at 1. 时间：具体时刻 (at 7:00) 2. 地点：小地点、站点 (at the bus stop, at home) 3. 目标：look at, shout at 1. 速度/价格/比率：at a speed of, at the price of 2. 状态/活动：at work (在工作), at play (在玩耍), at war (在交战) 3. 固定搭配： at present (目前) at risk (处于危险中) at the cost of (以...为代价) at night (在夜里) vs in the night (特指某天的夜里) arrive at (小地点) vs arrive in (大地点) by 1. 方式：乘坐交通工具 (by bus) 2. 被动语态执行者：written by Lu Xun 3. 旁边：stand by the window 1. 截止时间：by the end of... (到...末为止)，常与完成时连用 2. 手段/方法：by doing sth (通过做某事) 3. 固定搭配： by chance (偶然) by mistake (错误地) by no means (决不) by the time (到...时候为止) 引导的时间状语从句，主句常用完成时。 next to (紧挨着) 不等于 by (附近/通过) with 1. 伴随：go with me 2. 工具：write with a pen 3. 具有：a girl with long hair 1. 原因：tremble with cold (冷得发抖) 2. 随着：with the development of... (随着...的发展) 3. 独立主格/复合结构：with + obj + doing/done/adj/adv/prep 4. 固定搭配： be familiar with (熟悉) be satisfied with (满意) deal with (处理) with 表示“用”时，通常指具体的工具； in 表示“用”时，通常指语言、声音、材料 (in English, in ink)。 for 1. 对象：gift for you 2. 原因：thank you for... 3. 持续时间：for 3 years 1. 目的/去向：leave for Beijing (动身去北京) 2. 交换/代价：pay for, exchange for 3. 固定搭配： be famous for (因...闻名) be responsible for (对...负责) for fear of (生怕/以免) for + 时间段 (用于完成时或过去时) since + 时间点 (用于完成时) of 1. 所属：the door of the room 2. 内容：a cup of tea 1. 同位关系：the city of Beijing 2. 动宾关系转化：the arrival of the train (train arrives) 3. 固定搭配： be aware of (意识到) be proud of (自豪) consist of (由...组成) accuse sb of sth (指控某人某事) be made of (看得出原材料，物理变化) be made from (看不出原材料，化学变化) about 1. 关于：talk about 2. 大约：about 50 people 1. 即将：be about to do sth (正要做某事，不与具体时间连用) 2. 固定搭配： be anxious about (担忧) be curious about (好奇) what/how about...? (提议/询问意见) on 比 about 更正式、更专业 (a lecture on physics vs talk about physics) 学习建议 1. 语境记忆：不要孤立背诵介词，务必结合固定搭配（Collocations）和例句记忆。高中阶段对介词的考查多集中在动词/形容词+介词的固定搭配中。 2. 抽象意义延伸：高中英语中介词的抽象用法增多（如 at 表示状态/比率，in 表示领域），需从空间/时间的本义引申理解。 3. 注意细微差别：重点关注易混淆介词组的区别，如 in time/on time，by/with/in 表示方式时的不同，of/from 在材料构成中的区别。 ◇Part 02 必备能力题型强化练 一、单项选择 1．I’ve got jobs around the house to do. A．vary B．varies C．various D．variety 2．That is a really famous and ________ speech I have ever heard. A．inspiring B．inspired C．inspire D．inspiration 3．Don’t lose heart. The harder you study, progress you’ll make． A．great B．the great C．the greater D．the greatest 4．— She says that she isn’t ________ than anyone else. — But I think she has a very strong will. A．clever B．cleverer C．cleverest D．the cleverest 5．The mother was ________ to hear that her son admitted ________ the serious mistake and apologized to his classmate. A．pleasing; to make B．pleasing; making C．pleased; to make D．pleased; making 6．________ not to let down his parents, he studied even harder for the final exams. A．Determined B．Determining C．To determine D．Having determined 7．I found it ________ that he should be late. A．astonishment B．astonish C．astonished D．astonishing 8．________ for the high-stakes negotiation that would determine the future of his company, he walked into the conference room and presented his proposal confidently. A．Well preparing B．Being well prepared C．Well prepared D．Having well preparing 9．________ he encounters many challenges, he is still ________ to achieve his goal. A．Despite; determined B．In spite of; determining C．Although; determined D．Though; determining 10．The new method proved highly ______ in improving students’ writing. A．core B．chief C．major D．effective 11．________ again and again in class, the theory still remains ________ by most students. A．Explaining; misunderstood B．Having been explained; misunderstood C．Being explained; misunderstanding D．Having explained; misunderstood 12．Unable to get the computer ________ to the Wi-Fi, the new technician was in such a panic (惊慌), with an ________ expression on his face. A．connecting; embarrassed B．connecting; satisfying C．connected; embarrassed D．connected; satisfied 13．The two friends talked for hours and proposed ________ wish to travel around the world together. A．a shared B．a sharing C．to share a D．to sharing a 14．It still remains ________ whether he is innocent or ________. A．seeing; guilt B．seen; guiltily C．see; guilty D．to be seen; guilty 15．He is slow to learn, but shows great ________, for he is ________about study. A．perseverance; enthusiastic B．persevering; enthusiastically C．persevered; enthusiast D．persevere; enthusiasm 16．________ in thought, he almost ran into the car in front of him, ________ the driver to brake hard. A．Lost; causing B．Losing; caused C．Being lost; causing D．Having been lost; causing 17．Many local residents_________by the fact that some previously unknown ancient sites_________without effective protection over the past few years. A．are upsetting; have identified B．are upset; have identified C．are upset; have been identified D．are upsetting; have been identified 18．—Mary is ______ about what she eats. She never has junk food. —A good habit. A．care B．careful C．carefully D．careless 19．It is to keep of the calories you burn if you want to be in shape. A．benefited; pace B．beneficial; track C．benefits; touch D．benefit; sight 20．It’s ________ of Tom to forget his keys — he’s always been careless with small things. A．typical B．practical C．magical D．unusual 21．__________, the heavy rain didn’t stop us from finishing the outdoor task on time. A．Fortunately B．Frankly C．Independently D．Entirely 22．He________himself to reading varieties of books in his spare time since childhood. ________, he is a popular writer now. A．abandoned; Consequent B．abandons; Consequentially C．was abandoning; Consequence D．has been abandoning; Consequently 23．We need to be quiet in the library; ________, we might disturb other people who are reading. A．therefore B．otherwise C．instead D．however 24．________, the traffic wasn’t too bad so I managed to get to the meeting on time. A．Fortunate B．Fortunately C．Unfortunate D．Unfortunately 25．Ryan was very young and had no experience in fundraising, , he successfully persuaded many people to support his cause. A．yet B．and C．however D．as 26．Of all the traditional festivals, Mid-Autumn Festival is ________ celebrated in our hometown. A．widely B．more widely C．most widely D．the most widely 27．The little boy ran ________ to catch the bus, but he still missed it because the bus left ________. A．quick; sudden B．quickly; suddenly C．quick; suddenly D．quickly; sudden 28．— Did you finish your homework ________? — Yes, I did it ________ so that I could watch the football match. A．quick; quick B．quickly; quickly C．quick; quickly D．quickly; quick 29．Which transition word is best for adding another point in an argumentative essay? A．However B．Therefore C．Moreover D．Nevertheless 30．Her success stems from a powerful _________ drive and a firm belief in herself. She prefers to handle challenges _________ rather than seeking help. A．personal; personally B．personable; personally C．impersonal; personified D．personality; personified 31．—The fish smells so ________. —Thanks. My mum cooks fish very ________. A．good; good B．well; good C．well; well D．good; well 32．My younger brother studies ________ me. A．as hard as B．as hardly as C．so hard as D．so hardly as 33．Though his grandmother lives________, she never feels ________. A．alone; alone B．lonely; lonely C．alone; lonely D．lonely; alone 34．You must run ________ to catch up with others. A．enough quickly B．quick enough C．quickly enough D．enough quick 35．—Can you communicate ________ in English? —Sorry, I can’t. I know ________ English. A．well; a little B．good; little C．good; a little D．well; little 36．She is very _______ in all classes and thinks _______. A．attention; actively B．attentive; actively C．attentively; active D．attentively; actively 37．The young athlete spoke _______ about her upcoming competition because she has great confidence _______ well in every training session. A．confidently; doing B．confident; do C．confidence; doing D．confidently; to do 38．Born and ________ in a poor family, he has always ________ confidence and is afraid of doing anything wrong to let his parents ________. A．risen... lacked of... down B．rose... been lacking in... out C．bred... lacked... down D．raised... lacked... out 39．______ the classic Shi Ji, the only great historical works I had been exposed to were Homer’s epic poems. A．Prior to B．Due to C．In addition to D．Contrary to 40．______ the fact that he had not prepared well, he managed to pass the exam ______ only two points. A．In spite of; by B．Regardless of; with C．Despite; in D．Though; on 41．The research findings are not consistent ______ the previous theory, which calls ______ a thorough review of our hypothesis. A．to; for B．with; for C．to; on D．with; in 42．Many graduates choose to hold on to their dreams ________ all kinds of difficulties and uncertainties. A．beyond B．despite C．between D．among 43．At the British Museum, many ancient artifacts with connections ________ lost civilizations are currently ________ display, offering visitors a rare glimpse into how people once lived. A．with, in B．to, on C．with, at D．to, under 44．Despite having to sail an extra 150 miles after being blown ________ by the unexpected gale, the experienced captain managed to ________ nearly 2,000 nautical miles in just two weeks. A．off course; cross B．on course; cross C．off course; cover D．on course; cover 45．The sudden change in weather caught us ________ surprise, and we were left completely unprepared ________ the heavy rain. A．by; for B．in; to C．with; against D．at; with 46．The local residents’ protest was aimed ______ raising public awareness ______ the potential health risks of the new chemical plant. A．to; about B．at; of C．for; on D．toward; against 47．The success of the project depends largely ______ effective communication and close cooperation ______ all team members. A．on; between B．in; among C．on; with D．in; from 48．Many people remain desperate ________ help. A．on B．during C．as D．for 49．The training program is designed to ______ students ______ the skills needed for future jobs. A．equip; on B．equip; for C．equip; by D．equip; with 50．Passengers for Miami flight should proceed ________ Gate 25. A．with B．against C．during D．to 51．There is no doubt that modern medicine has developed greatly, but it still can’t cure many people ______ certain mental illnesses. A．by B．from C．of D．for 52．Your idea is quite similar ______ the one that was put forward by our monitor yesterday. A．with B．to C．from D．in 53．Their family life is similar ours, and they enjoy the same food and hobbies. A．for B．of C．with D．to 54．_________ a certain degree, the time and effort _________ takes to plan and organize the games is way more than what people can imagine. A．On; that B．In; which C．To; it D．With; what 55．It was the culture, ________ the language that made it hard for him to ________ the new environment abroad. A．rather than; adapt to B．other than; contribute to C．rather than; live up to D．other than; get down to 二、阅读理解 1 In December 2025, Australia will make history as the first country to ban children under 16 from using social media platforms (平台) like Meta, X, and TikTok. This groundbreaking policy has led to heated global discussion, making Australia a test case for solving one of today’s trickiest youth problems. The Australian government, led by Prime Minister Anthony Albanese, says the ban is a necessary response to a growing public health problem. Many studies link too much social media use among young people to higher rates of depression, self-harm, and addiction. Beyond that, the platforms’ design causes other risks like self-worth damaging. Albanese said, “Social media are doing social harm to our kids. We’ve reduced time on it. We want our kids to have a childhood.” However, experts raise serious concerns. Teens who are skilled in technology might use VPNs to avoid the ban, pushing them to less safe parts of the internet. Overly strict selection could also prevent them from using valuable learning resources and social connections, especially for marginalized (被边缘化的) youth or kids from other regions seeking real community. Social media companies like Meta and TikTok have blamed the policy, noting they already offer age-suitable safety features. Globally, other Western nations have taken different approaches. The EU uses rules to force tech companies to be more serious, while U.S. efforts aren’t worth mentioning — federal (联邦的) action is prevented by free speech debates, and states have different bans. As a medium-sized market, Australia’s policy results will offer important lessons for other countries. If the ban improves teens’ mental health without creating unlawful digital markets or separating weak groups, it could become a global model. If it fails, it will serve as a warning about the limits of government control in the borderless digital world. All eyes are on Australia to see how this brave experiment carries on. 56．Why did Australia introduce the social media ban for under-16s? A．To respond to the overuse of social media. B．To promote local social media platforms. C．To offer teens more online learning resources. D．To limit tech companies’ influence on Australia. 57．What is the experts’ attitude towards Australia’s ban? A．Positive. B．Unclear. C．Worried. D．Disappointed. 58．What may make Australia’s ban successful? A．Young people give up using the internet. B．Other countries copy the policy immediately. C．Tech companies stop updating social media platforms. D．Australia improve teens’ mental health without side effects. 59．What is the best title for the text? A．Tell Differences of Social Media Rules B．Australia’s Under-16 Social Media Ban C．Australia’s Social Media Policy History D．Protect Youth from Today’s Social Media 2 Nowadays, many teenagers spend a great deal of time indoors, focusing on digital devices and schoolwork. As a result, they take little part in outdoor activities. However, outdoor activities are extremely important for teenagers’ physical and mental development. Outdoor activities are good for teenagers’ physical health. When teenagers go outside to exercise, such as running, cycling or hiking, they can strengthen their bodies and improve their physical fitness. Fresh air and natural sunlight help them stay energetic and reduce the risk of many illnesses. Besides, taking part in outdoor sports can protect their eyesight and prevent short-sightedness, because they can look far into the distance and relax their eye muscles. Outdoor activities also benefit teenagers’ mental health. Being close to nature helps them relax and relieve pressure from study and life. It can calm their minds and improve their mood. In addition, outdoor activities often require teamwork and communication, which help teenagers develop social skills and build confidence. They can make more friends and learn to solve problems together. However, some teenagers are not willing to take part in outdoor activities. Some think outdoor activities are tiring or boring. Others are so busy with their studies that they have no time to go outside. To change this situation, parents and schools should encourage teenagers to step out of the room. Schools can organize more outdoor activities and sports meetings. Parents should spend more time doing outdoor activities with their children. Teenagers should also realize the importance of going outdoors and take action actively. 60．What is the benefit of outdoor activities for teenagers’ physical health? A．It makes them depend more on digital devices. B．It helps them strengthen their bodies and protect eyesight. C．It increases their pressure from study. D．It makes them stay indoors for a longer time. 61．How do outdoor activities influence teenagers’ mental health? A．By making them feel more stressed. B．By helping them relax and improve their mood. C．By reducing their communication with others. D．By making them lose confidence. 62．What does the underlined word “relieve” in Paragraph 3 mean? A．Increase B．Reduce. C．Find. D．Record. 63．What is the main idea of the passage? A．The importance and benefits of outdoor activities for teenagers. B．The disadvantages of staying indoors for teenagers. C．The ways to improve teenagers’ study efficiency. D．The relationship between outdoor activities and digital devices. 三、完形填空 In 2018, I arrived in a small Chinese village as a first-year volunteer teacher. The village, 64 deep in the mountains, was a beautiful but poverty-stricken place. Over 70% of the children there were left-behind children, their parents 65 in cities far away. On my first day, I entered a classroom filled with curious eyes. Little Mei, a shy girl seated in the corner, barely 66 any eye contact. She was quiet and seemed to live in her own world, often lost in thought during my lessons. For weeks, I tried to 67 to her. I offered small gifts, praised her in class, and asked her simple questions. But she always   68 her head without a word. It wasn’t until one rainy afternoon that everything 69 . During a heavy storm, Mei fell and got her clothes all muddy. I rushed to 70 her up, gave her my coat, and walked her home. That evening, for the first time, I saw a 71 appear on her face — a small but genuine one. The next day, she arrived at school early with a 72 of freshly picked wildflowers. “For you, teacher,” she whispered. From that day on, Mei began to 73 . She started raising her hand in class, helping classmates, and even reciting poems loudly. Her transformation was nothing short of 74 . Three years later, when my volunteer term ended, Mei gave me a letter. “You taught me that someone 75 ,” she wrote. “Now I want to become a teacher too, so I can 76 the love you gave me.” Looking back, I realize that teaching is not just about 77 knowledge. It’s about showing up, believing in someone, and trusting that a little 78 can go a long way. 64．A．hidden B．built C．raised D．trapped 65．A．studying B．working C．traveling D．struggling 66．A．avoided B．broke C．made D．lost 67．A．break out B．reach out C．hold out D．turn out 68．A．shook B．nodded C．lowered D．raised 69．A．changed B．happened C．ended D．disappeared 70．A．lift B．pick C．cheer D．set 71．A．blush B．tear C．worry D．smile 72．A．bag B．box C．bunch D．bowl 73．A．wake up B．open up C．warm up D．light up 74．A．ordinary B．natural C．magical D．familiar 75．A．deserves B．cares C．tries D．stays 76．A．share B．return C．pass on D．show off 77．A．exchanging B．testing C．gaining D．spreading 78．A．kindness B．patience C．intelligence D．courage 四、语法填空 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容或括号内单词的正确形式。 We walked inside a museum in Garden City and looked around, eager 79 (meet) Kobie Boykins, a NASA engineer. He helped to design the Mars rover (探测器) Curiosity, 80 is still exploring to this day. In a big presentation room, Boykins 81 (talk) about the team’s newest rover, Mars 2020. We asked him if the new rover would be 82 most complicated one he and his team 83 (make) so far. He told us that most of the engineering would be the same. However, the rover is still more   84 (advance) and will be able to get more accurate test   85 (result). When Boykins finished his presentation, some people brought him into another room where we would interview him. We asked if he felt he was   86 a lot of pressure at work. He told us that he   87 (actual) put a lot of pressure on himself. He said that working on the spacecraft wasn’t putting him in that position, but he still wanted to make   88 perfect. 参考答案 一、 1．C 【解析】句意：我在家里有各种各样的工作要做。 A. vary变化；改变； B. varies变化； C. various各种各样的； D. variety种类；多样性。空处修饰名词jobs作定语，应用形容词various。 2．A 【解析】句意：那真是我听过的非常著名且鼓舞人心的演讲。空格处与形容词famous由and连接，共同作定语修饰名词speech，故需填入形容词。现在分词转换的形容词inspiring意为“鼓舞人心的”，通常用来修饰事物；过去分词转换的形容词inspired意为“受到鼓舞的”，通常用来修饰人，此处修饰事物speech，应用inspiring。 3．C 【解析】句意：别灰心。你学习越努力，取得的进步就会越大。此处是固定句型The+比较级..., the+比较级...表示“越……，越……”。 4．B 【解析】句意：——她说她并不比任何人更聪明。——但我认为她意志坚强。根据比较级标志词than可知，用形容词的比较级cleverer“更聪明的”。 5．D 【解析】句意：听到儿子承认犯下严重错误并向同学道歉，这位母亲感到很欣慰。第一空pleased 修饰人，表示“感到高兴的”；pleasing修饰事物“令人愉悦的”，主语是人用pleased。第二空为短语admit doing sth.表示“承认做过某事”。 6．A 【解析】句意：因为下定决心不让父母失望，他为了期末考试学习更加努力。固定搭配be determined to do sth.意为“下定决心做某事”，此处省略了be动词，直接使用过去分词转变成的形容词determined作状语，表示主语he的心理状态。 7．D 【解析】句意：我发现他竟然迟到了，这令人很惊讶。句中使用了“find it + adj. + that从句”的固定句型，其中it为形式宾语，that引导的从句为真正的宾语，空格处需要填入形容词作宾语补足语。astonished意为“感到惊讶的”，通常修饰人；astonishing意为“令人惊讶的”，通常修饰事物或事情，句中it指代“他竟然迟到了”这件事，表示事情本身令人惊讶，应使用astonishing。 8．C 【解析】句意：他为决定公司未来的高风险谈判做好了充分准备，自信地走进会议室并提出了自己的建议。根据句意，此作状语，描述主语“he”的状态，即他已经为谈判做好了充分准备，well prepared是最合适的答案，意为“准备充分的”，其中prepared(准备好的)是形容词作状语。 9．C 【解析】句意：尽管他遇到许多挑战，但他仍决心实现自己的目标。despite和in spite of是介词短语，其后接名词、代词或动名词，不能接句子，而这里“he encounters many challenges”是句子，所以排除A、B选项。be determined to do sth.是固定搭配，意为“决心做某事”，所以用determined。although/though是连词，意为“尽管”，可引导让步状语从句。 10．D 【解析】句意：这个新方法在提升学生写作能力方面被证明十分有效。A. core核心的；B. chief主要的；C. major重大的；D. effective有效的。此处prove为系动词，结构“prove+形容词”表示“被证明是……”，highly effective在句中作表语，此处表示“新方法被证明十分有效”，符合句意逻辑。 11．B 【解析】句意：尽管这个理论在课堂上被反复讲解，但大多数学生仍然没有理解它。“________ again and again in class”在句中作状语，句子主语the theory与动词explain之间为被动关系，且explain这一动作发生在主句谓语动词remains之前，且强调对现在造成的影响，即“大多数学生仍然没有理解它”，所以第一处应用现在分词的完成被动式Having been explained。第二处，remain为系动词，后面接形容词作表语，misunderstood为过去分词转化而来的形容词，意为“被误解的，不为人理解的”，符合题意。 12．C 【解析】句意：这名新来的技术员无法把电脑连上无线网络，顿时十分惊慌，脸上露出窘迫的神情。embarrassed“尴尬的”，satisfying“令人满意的”，satisfied“感到满意的”。第一空：该空作宾补，computer和connect之间为逻辑被动关系，应用过去分词connected；第二空：修饰名词expression，且结合上文“Unable to get the computer ________ to the Wi-Fi”可知，形容词embarrassed符合题意。 13．A 【解析】句意：这两位朋友交谈了数小时，并提出了一起环游世界的共同愿望。此处修饰名词wish需用形容词，shared作形容词表“共同的、共享的”；a shared wish为固定表达，意为“共同愿望”。 14．D 【解析】句意：他是否无辜、是否有罪，仍然有待观察。第一空考查固定搭配remain to be done，意为“有待被做”，此处表示“事情有待观察”，故用to be seen。第二空与“innocent(无辜的)”并列，需用形容词作表语，guilty意为“有罪的”，是形容词；guilt是名词“罪行”，guiltily是副词“有罪地”，均不符合要求。 15．A 【解析】句意：他学得慢，但毅力很强，因为他对学习很有热情。第一空形容词great后需接名词perseverance，作宾语；第二空be enthusiastic about study 表示“对学习充满热情”，enthusiast热衷者；enthusiastically热情地；enthusiasm热情均不符合语境。 16．A 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：陷入沉思，他几乎撞到前面的汽车，这导致司机急刹车。句中ran into作谓语动词；第一空，be lost in意为“全神贯注；沉浸于”，be lost in thought为固定短语，意为“陷入沉思”，在句中作状语，去掉be动词，使用形容词lost作状语，句首单词首字母需大写；第二空，结合句意和句子结构可知，此处应用非谓语动词作结果状语，表示自然而然的结果，且上文陈述的内容和cause之间是逻辑上的主动关系，所以空处需用现在分词causing表主动。故选A项。 17．C 【解析】考查时态语态。句意：许多当地居民对此感到不满，因为过去几年里，一些此前不为人知的古代遗址已被发现，但却没有得到有效的保护。第一空upset作形容词时意为“难过的、心烦的”，主语是人，要用 be upset；第二空时间状语over the past few years是现在完成时标志，ancient sites（古遗址）是“被发现、被确认”，要用被动语态，即have been identified。故选C。 18．B 【解析】考查形容词。句意：——玛丽对她吃的东西很讲究。她从不吃垃圾食品。——一个好习惯。A. care关心；B. careful小心的；C. carefully小心地；D. careless粗心的。根据“She never has junk food.”可知，玛丽从不吃垃圾食品，说明她对饮食很讲究，be careful about“对……小心/讲究”，固定短语，此处用形容词careful作表语。故选B。 19．B 【解析】考查形容词和名词词义辨析以及固定搭配。句意：如果你想保持良好体形，记录你燃烧的卡路里是有益的。A. benefited受益的（过去式/过去分词/形容词）；pace步伐；B. beneficial有益的；track轨迹，踪迹；C. benefits益处（名词）；touch触碰；D. benefit有益于/益处（动词/名词）；sight视力。it is+形容词+to do为固定句型，第一空用形容词beneficial作表语；固定搭配keep track of表示“记录、掌握……的动态”，B选项符合句意和语法。故选B。 20．A 【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：汤姆忘记带钥匙是很典型的 —— 他对小事总是很粗心。A. typical典型的，特有的；B. practical实用的；C. magical神奇的；D. unusual不寻常的。根据“he’s always been careless with small things”可知，忘记带钥匙是汤姆的典型表现，typical符合语境，且“it’s typical of sb. to do sth.”是固定搭配，意为“某人做某事是典型的”。故选A。 21．A 【解析】句意：幸运的是，大雨并没有阻止我们按时完成户外任务。A. Fortunately幸运地；B. Frankly坦率地；C. Independently独立地；D. Entirely完全地。根据“the heavy rain didn’t stop us from finishing the outdoor task on time.”可知，大雨并没有阻止我们按时完成任务，这是很幸运的事，Fortunately在句中作状语，修饰整个句子。 22．D 【解析】句意：从童年起，他就在业余时间尽情地阅读各种各样的书籍。因此，他现在是一位广受欢迎的作家。分析句子可知，第一空，时间标志词 since childhood（自儿时起），要求句子用现在完成 (进行) 时。has been abandoning 现在完成进行时，强调动作从过去持续到现在，符合语境。abandon oneself to doing sth.“潜心于/专注于做某事”。第二空，空格修饰整个句子，需用副词表 “因此”：consequently为副词“因此、结果”。 23．B 【解析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：在图书馆，我们需要保持安静。否则，我们可能会打扰其他正在读书的人。A. therefore因此；B. otherwise否则；C. instead相反；D. however然而。根据句意可知，此处意为“否则”，故应用副词otherwise，故选B。 24．B 【解析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：幸运的是，交通不算太拥堵，所以我设法准时赶到了会议现场。A. Fortunate幸运的(形容词，用于修饰名词或者放在be动词之后)；B. Fortunately幸运地(副词，用于修饰句子或动词)；C. Unfortunate不幸的(形容词，用于修饰名词或者放在be动词之后)；D. Unfortunately不幸地(副词，用于修饰句子或动词)。由“so I managed to get to the meeting on time(所以我设法准时赶到了会议现场)”可知，“准时参会”是好结果，说明交通状况有利，需用表“幸运”的词；空格处修饰整个主句，需用副词作状语，故填Fortunately。故选B项。    25．C 【解析】考查连词/副词词义辨析。句意：瑞安很年轻，也没有筹款的经验，然而，他成功地说服了许多人支持他的事业。A. yet但是；B. and和；C. however然而；D. as当……的时候。由Ryan was very young and had no experience in fundraising和he successfully persuaded many people to support his cause可知，前后两句话之间是转折关系，且空后有逗号，因此用副词however表转折。故选C。 26．D 【解析】考查副词最高级。句意：在所有传统节日中，中秋节在我们家乡庆祝得最广泛。根据“Of all the traditional festivals”可知，此处需用副词最高级形式；widely“广泛地”最高级为most widely，最高级前加定冠词the。故选D。 27．B 【解析】考查副词用法。句意：那个小男孩飞快地跑过去想赶上那辆公交车，但他还是没赶上，因为公交车突然就开走了。修饰动词“ran”和“left”均需用副词，“quick”的副词是“quickly”，“sudden”的副词是“suddenly”，故选B。 28．B 【解析】考查副词。句意：——你很快完成作业了吗？——是的，我快速地做完了，这样就能看足球比赛了。修饰动词“finish”和“did”均需用副词“quickly”，所以两个空都填quickly，quick是形容词，不能修饰动词。故选B。 29．C 【解析】考查议论文过渡词语。A. However然而；B. Therefore所以；C. Moreover而且；D. Nevertheless然而。Moreover意为“而且”，用于补充另一个论点，表示递进关系。故选C项。 30．A 【解析】考查词性及词义辨析。句意：她的成功源于强大的个人动力和对自己坚定的信念。她更倾向于亲自应对挑战，而不是寻求帮助。A. personal个人的（形容词）；personally亲自地（副词）；B. personable和蔼可亲的（形容词）；personally亲自地（副词）；C. impersonal非个人的（形容词）；personified拟人化的（形容词）；D. personality个性（名词）；personified拟人化的（形容词）。第一空修饰名词“drive”，需用形容词，结合“坚定的自我信念”，“personal(个人的)”符合“个人动力”的语义；第二空修饰动词“handle(应对)”，需用副词，“personally(亲自地)”符合“亲自应对挑战”的语境。故选A项。 31．D 【解析】考查形容词和副词。句意：—— 这鱼闻起来真香。—— 谢谢。我妈妈做鱼非常棒。第一空在句子中作表语，后接形容词，good是形容词，意为“好的”，符合语境；第二空在句子中做状语，需用副词，well是副词，意为“出色地、好”，故选D项。 32．A 【解析】考查固定搭配及副词。句意：我的弟弟学习和我一样努力。as hard as 表示“和……一样努力”，hard 此处为副词，意为“努力地”；as hardly as 表述错误，hardly 为副词，意为“几乎不”，不符合语意；so hard as 常用于否定句中，结构为“not so hard as”，表示“不如……努力”，本句为肯定句，故不适用；so hardly as 既存在结构错误，hardly 的含义也与句意不符。根据下文“me(我)”可知，此处表达的是“和我一样努力”，故选A项。 33．C 【解析】考查形容词和副词。句意：虽然他的奶奶独自居住，但她从不感到孤独。前一空修饰动词“lives”，需用副词alone意为“独自地”，强调客观上的独自一人；后一空作系动词“feels”的表语，需用形容词lonely意为“孤独的”，强调主观上的情感感受。故选C项。 34．C 【解析】考查副词。句意：你必须跑得足够快才能赶上别人。run是实义动词，修饰实义动词用副词quickly“快速地”，enough“足够”修饰形容词和副词时，要放在形容词和副词之后。故选C。 35．D 【解析】考查副词和little/a little的用法。句意：——你能用英语很好地交流吗？——对不起，我不能。我几乎不会英语。第一空，修饰动词communicate，用副词well；第二空，根据否定回答可知，表示“几乎不会”英语，用little修饰English。故选D。 36．B 【解析】考查形容词和副词的用法。句意：她在所有课堂上都非常专心，思考也很积极。第一空，根据空前的系动词“is”可知，应用形容词attentive作表语，来描述主语“she”的状态，意为“专心的”。第二空，修饰动词“thinks (思考)”，描述思考的方式，应用副词actively作状语，意为“积极地”。故选B项。 37．D 【解析】考查副词和非谓语动词。句意：这位年轻的运动员自信地谈论着即将到来的比赛，因为她有信心在每一次训练中都表现出色。第一空修饰动词spoke，应用副词confidently“自信地”；第二空作后置定语修饰名词confidence，抽象名词后常用不定式作后置定语，have confidence to do“有做某事的信心”。故选D。 38．C 【解析】考查动词词义辨析、固定搭配及非谓语动词。句意：他在一个贫困的家庭出生并被抚养长大，一直缺乏自信，还害怕做错任何事让父母失望。第一空，分析句子结构，“Born”为过去分词作状语，此处与“Born”并列，也需用过去分词形式，且表示“被抚养”的含义：A项“risen”（rise的过去分词）意为“上升”，无“抚养”义；B项“rose”（rise的过去式）是谓语动词形式，不可作状语，且含义不符；D项“raised”（raise的过去分词）虽有“抚养”义，但后续搭配存在错误，暂不考虑；C项“bred”（breed的过去分词）可表示“养育、抚养”，符合“被动抚养”的语境及语法要求。第二空，考查“缺乏”的表达：A项“lacked of”搭配错误，“lack”作动词时直接接宾语，无需“of”；B项“been lacking in”虽语法正确，但结合语境“一直缺乏”，用一般过去时“lacked”更简洁贴合；C项“lacked”为动词过去式，直接接宾语“confidence”，搭配正确；D项“lacked”本身正确，但后续“let out”搭配错误。第三空为固定短语“let sb. down”，意为“让某人失望”；“let sb. out”意为“让某人出去”，不符合语境。故选C项。 39．A 【解析】句意：在经典著作《史记》之前，我所接触过的唯一伟大的历史作品，就是荷马的史诗诗篇。A. prior to在……之前；B. due to由于；C. in addition to除……之外)；D. contrary to与……相反。空格为句子的状语，定语从句中谓语had been exposed to使用了过去完成时态，此处表示作者读荷马的史诗早于读《史记》。 40．A 【解析】句意：尽管他没有准备好，他还是设法以仅仅两分之差通过了考试。A. In spite of尽管；by相差；B. Regardless of不管；with带有；C. Despite尽管；in在……里；D. Though虽然；on在……上。第一空后接名词短语the fact，表示“尽管”，应用介词短语in spite of或介词despite，though是连词，通常后接句子；第二空表示“以……的差距”，应用介词by。 41．B 【解析】句意：研究结果与先前的理论不一致，这需要对我们的假设进行彻底的审查。第一空，be consistent with为固定搭配，意为“与……一致”；第二空，call for为固定短语，意为“需要，要求”，符合语境。 42．B 【解析】句意：许多毕业生选择坚持他们的梦想，尽管有各种各样的困难和不确定性。A. beyond超出；B. despite尽管；C. between在……之间；D. among在……之中。句中“choose to hold on to their dreams”与“all kinds of difficulties and uncertainties”之间存在逻辑上的让步转折关系，空格处需要使用表示“尽管”的介词。 43．B 【解析】句意：在大英博物馆，许多与失落文明有联系的古代文物目前正在展出，为游客提供了一窥过去人们如何生活的难得机会。第一空，connection to 意为“与……的联系”；第二空，on display 为固定搭配，意为“在展出”。 44．C 【解析】句意：尽管因遭遇意外大风被吹离航线，不得不额外航行150英里，但这位经验丰富的船长仍设法在短短两周内航行了近2000海里。第一空，off course为固定搭配，意为“偏离航道（或航线）”，符合“额外航行150英里”的语境；第二空，“cover + 距离”表示“航行（某段距离）”，cross侧重“横穿（某一区域或界限）”，不用于直接接具体里程数。 45．A 【解析】句意：天气骤变让我们猝不及防，我们完全没做好应对大雨的准备。分析句子结构可知，第一空考查固定搭配catch sb.by surprise，表“使某人猝不及防”，第二空考查be unprepared for，表“未做好……的准备”，两组搭配均符合语境。 46．B 【解析】句意：当地居民的抗议旨在提高公众对新化工厂潜在健康风险的认识。第一空为固定短语be aimed at doing sth.意为“旨在做某事”，所以此处使用介词at；awareness of sth. 为固定搭配，意为“对……的认识/意识”，所以第二空使用介词of。 47．A 【解析】句意：这个项目的成功在很大程度上取决于所有团队成员之间的有效沟通和密切合作。depend on为固定搭配，意为“取决于，依赖于”；第二空所在处表示“在所有团队成员之间”，between可用于三者或三者以上，强调多方之间相互的联系与合作（突出每两个个体之间的相互关联）。 48．D 【解析】句意：许多人仍然迫切需要帮助。A. on在……上；B. during在……期间；C. as作为；D. for为了，对于。be desperate for是固定搭配，意为‌“迫切需要……”。 49．D 【解析】句意：这个培训项目旨在使学生具备未来工作所需的技能。equip sb. with sth. 为固定搭配，意为“使某人具备……（技能、知识等）”或“用……装备某人”。 50．D 【解析】句意：乘坐飞往迈阿密航班的乘客请前往25号登机口。proceed to为固定搭配，意为“前往，行进到（某处）”，此处介词to表示方向和目的地，指前往25号登机口。 51．C 【解析】句意：毫无疑问，现代医学已经取得了巨大的发展，但它仍然无法治愈许多患有某些精神疾病的人。固定搭配cure sb. of sth.，意为“治愈某人的某种疾病”。句中表示“治愈许多人的某些精神疾病”，因此空格处应填入介词of。 52．B 【解析】句意：你的想法和我们班长昨天提出的那个想法非常相似。be similar to为固定搭配，意为“与……相似”。 53．D 【解析】句意：他们的家庭生活和我们的相似，他们喜欢同样的食物和爱好。be similar to是固定短语，意为“与……相似”。 54．C 【解析】句意：在一定程度上，策划和组织赛事所耗费的时间与精力，远远超出了人们的想象。第一空：to a certain degree“在一定程度上”是固定搭配，to为介词；第二空：“ _________ takes to plan and organize the games”是修饰time and effort的定语从句，从句中涉及固定句型it takes+时间/精力+to do，it作形式主语，不定式是真正的主语，从句中省略了作takes宾语的关系代词which/that，因此空处填it。 55．A 【解析】句意： 是文化，而非语言，让他很难适应国外的新环境。A. rather than; adapt to而不是；适应；B. other than; contribute to除了；有助于；C. rather than; live up to而不是；不辜负；D. other than; get down to除了；开始做。根据句意可知，空1：此处意为“而不是”，故应用连词rather than；空2：此处意为“适应”，故应用短语adapt to与空前的to构成不定式，作宾语。 二、 1 56．A 57．C 58．D 59．B 【解析】文章主要介绍澳大利亚出台政策禁止16岁以下青少年使用社交媒体，阐述政策出台缘由、专家担忧、各国不同管控方式，以及该政策试行结果带来的参考意义。 【解析】56．细节理解题。根据原文第二段“The Australian government, led by Prime Minister Anthony Albanese, says the ban is a necessary response to a growing public health problem.(由Anthony Albanese总理领导的澳大利亚政府表示，这项禁令是应对日益严峻的公共健康问题的必要举措。)”及“Albanese said, “Social media are doing social harm to our kids. We’ve reduced time on it. We want our kids to have a childhood.”(Albanes称：“社交媒体正对孩子造成社会伤害。我们减少了孩子的上网时长，想让他们拥有真正的童年。”)”可知，出台禁令是为应对青少年过度使用社交媒体带来的问题。 57．推理判断题。根据原文第三段“However, experts raise serious concerns.(然而，专家们对此提出了诸多担忧。)”可知，专家对这项禁令持担忧的态度。 58．细节理解题。根据原文最后一段“If the ban improves teens’ mental health without creating unlawful digital markets or separating weak groups, it could become a global model.(如果该禁令能够改善青少年的心理健康，且不会催生非法数字市场、不会孤立弱势群体，它就有望成为全球典范。)”可知，无副作用地改善青少年心理健康能够让禁令取得成效。 59．主旨大意题。根据原文第一段“In December 2025, Australia will make history as the first country to ban children under 16 from using social media platforms (平台) like Meta, X, and TikTok.(2025年12月，澳大利亚将创下历史，成为首个禁止16岁以下儿童使用脸书、推特、抖音等社交媒体平台的国家。)”及全文内容可知，全文围绕澳大利亚针对16岁以下人群的社交媒体禁令展开论述，介绍背景、争议与影响，可知文章最佳标题为：澳大利亚16岁以下人群社交媒体禁令。 2 60．B 61．B 62．B 63．A 【解析】本文主要论述了户外活动对青少年身心健康的重要性和益处，同时分析了青少年不愿参加户外活动的原因并给出相应建议。 【解析】60．细节理解题。根据文章第二段“they can strengthen their bodies and improve their physical fitness... taking part in outdoor sports can protect their eyesight and prevent short-sightedness(他们可以增强体质、改善体能……参加户外运动能保护视力、预防近视)”可知，户外活动能帮助青少年强身健体、保护视力。 61．细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Being close to nature helps them relax and relieve pressure from study and life. It can calm their minds and improve their mood(亲近自然有助于他们放松、缓解学习和生活压力，平复心绪、改善情绪)”可知，户外活动能帮助青少年放松身心、改善情绪。 62．词句猜测题。根据文章第三段“Being close to nature helps them relax and relieve pressure from study and life(亲近自然有助于他们放松、relieve学习和生活压力)”可推知，亲近自然能让学生放松，减轻学习压力，由此可推知，relieve此处意为“减轻、缓解”，与reduce含义一致。 63．主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“outdoor activities are extremely important for teenagers’ physical and mental development(户外活动对青少年的身心发展至关重要)”及全文内容可推知文章主旨是户外活动对青少年的重要性和益处。 三、 64．A 65．B 66．A 67．B 68．C 69．A 70．B 71．D 72．C 73．B 74．C 75．B 76．C 77．D 78．A 【解析】主要讲述的是作者前往中国山村支教，用善意温暖内向的留守儿童小梅，也领悟到教育的深层意义的故事。 64．考查动词。句意：这个村庄深藏在大山之中，风景优美却十分贫困。A. hidden隐藏；B. built建造；C. raised养育；D. trapped困住。根据后文“deep in the mountains”可知，村庄坐落于群山深处，所以此处指的是藏在大山中。 65．考查动词。句意：这里超过七成是留守儿童，他们的父母在遥远的城市务工。A. studying学习；B. working工作；C. traveling旅行；D. struggling奋斗。根据前文“Over 70% of the children there were left-behind children”可知，留守儿童的父母远赴外地城市工作。 66．考查动词。句意：坐在角落里的腼腆女孩小梅几乎避开所有目光接触。A. avoided避开；B. broke打破；C. made进行；D. lost失去。根据前文“a shy girl seated in the corner”可知，女孩性格腼腆，避开所有人的目光。 67．考查动词短语。句意：一连数周，我都试着主动亲近、关心她。A. break out爆发；B. reach out主动接触；C. hold out坚持；D. turn out结果是。根据后文“I offered small gifts, praised her in class, and asked her simple questions”可知，作者主动尝试拉近和女孩的距离。 68．考查动词。句意：但她总是低下头，一言不发。A. shook摇晃；B. nodded点头；C. lowered低下；D. raised抬起。根据前文“She was quiet and seemed to live in her own world”可知，女孩性格沉默内向，面对老师时会低下头。 69．考查动词。句意：直到一个下雨的午后，一切都发生了改变。A. changed改变；B. happened发生；C. ended结束；D. disappeared消失。根据后文“I saw a ______ appear on her face”可知，女孩的状态和两人的关系出现了转变。 70．考查动词。句意：我连忙扶她起来，把自己的外套给她披上，然后送她回家。A. lift举起；B. pick扶起；C. cheer鼓舞；D. set放置。根据前文“Mei fell and got her clothes all muddy”可知，女孩摔倒在地，作者上前将她扶起。 71．考查名词。句意：那天晚上，我第一次看到她脸上露出了笑容，真挚又浅浅的笑容。A. blush脸红；B. tear眼泪；C. worry担忧；D. smile微笑。根据后文“a small but genuine one”以及女孩态度转变，可知，她露出了微笑。 72．考查名词。句意：第二天，她早早来到学校，带来一束刚采摘的野花。A. bag包；B. box盒子；C. bunch束；D. bowl碗。根据后文“freshly picked wildflowers”可知，此处指一束野花，a bunch of意为“一束”。 73．考查动词短语。句意：从那天起，小梅开始变得开朗起来。A. wake up醒来；B. open up敞开心扉；C. warm up热身；D. light up点亮。根据后文“She started raising her hand in class, helping classmates, and even reciting poems loudly”可知，女孩不再内向，慢慢敞开心扉。 74．考查形容词。句意：她的转变简直如同奇迹一般。A. ordinary普通的；B. natural自然的；C. magical神奇的；D. familiar熟悉的。根据前文“Little Mei, a shy girl seated in the corner, barely ______ any eye contact.”可知，女孩极度害羞沉默，结合后文的“She started raising her hand in class, helping classmates, and even reciting poems loudly”可知，女孩如今变得积极外向，由此可知，此处指的是这样的转变很神奇。 75．考查动词。句意：她写道：“是你让我明白，有人会真心在乎我。”A. deserves值得；B. cares关心；C. tries努力；D. stays停留。根据前文“I offered small gifts, praised her in class”以及“gave her my coat, and walked her home”可知，作者一直主动关心、帮助小梅，由此可知，女孩感受到了他人的关怀。 76．考查动词短语。句意：如今我也想成为一名老师，把你给予我的这份爱传递下去。A. share分享；B. return归还；C. pass on传递；D. show off炫耀。根据前文“Now I want to become a teacher too”可知，女孩立志从教，想要将这份爱继续传递给其他人。 77．考查动词。句意：回首过往，我明白教学不只是传播知识。A. exchanging交流；B. testing测试；C. gaining获得；D. spreading传播。结合教师身份以及全文语境，老师的基本工作就是向学生传播知识。 78．考查名词。句意：教育在于陪伴、信任他人，并相信小小的善意能产生深远的影响。A. kindness善意；B. patience耐心；C. intelligence智慧；D. courage勇气。根据前文“I offered small gifts, praised her in class”以及“gave her my coat, and walked her home”可知，点滴善意有着巨大力量。 四、 79．to meet 80．which 81．was talking/talked 82．the 83．had made 84．advanced 85．results 86．under 87．actually 88．it 【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，作者讲述了参观博物馆，拜访了航天科学家Kobie Boykins，明白了成功源自对完美的追求。 79．考查非谓语动词。句意：我们走进Garden City的一个博物馆，环顾四周，很想见见NASA的工程师Kobie Boykins。eager to do固定短语，“渴望做......”，不定式作目的状语，故填to meet。 80．考查定语从句。句意：他帮助设计了火星探测器Curiosity，至今仍在探索中。 is still exploring to this day.是非限制性定语从句，先行词是Curiosity，在从句中作主语，故填which。 81．考查一般过去时或者过去进行时。句意：在一个大的演示室里,Boykins谈到了团队最新的探测器，火星2020。根据上文可知，事情发生在过去，因此用一般过去时或者过去进行时，故填was talking/talked。 82．考查冠词。句意：我们问他这个新探测器是否是他和他的团队迄今为止制造的最复杂的一个。此处是形容词最高级，故填the。 83．考查过去完成时。句意：我们问他这个新探测器是否是他和他的团队迄今为止制造的最复杂的一个。根据时间状语so far，可知谓语动词用完成时态；根据主句的谓语动词asked，可知此处用过去完成时，故填had made。 84．考查形容词。句意：不过，这个探测器会更先进，并且会得到更准确的测试结果。形容词作表语，故填advanced。 85．考查名词。句意：不过，这个探测器会更先进，并且会得到更准确的测试结果。result是可数名词，此处应用复数形式，故填results。 86．考查介词。句意：我们问他是否感到工作压力很大。under pressure固定短语，“在压力之下”，故填under。 87．考查副词。句意：他告诉我们，他实际上给自己施加了很大的压力。副词修饰动词作状语，故填actually。 88．考查代词。句意：他说在飞船上工作并不会让他陷入那种境地,但他还是想让它完美。此处指代working on the spacecraft ，故用代词it，填it。 ( 1 / 2 )学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $