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专题03 语法
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01:答题技巧 02:小试牛刀
答题技巧
一、选择疑问句
选择疑问句是提供两种或两种以上情况,让对方从中选择一种或几种回答的疑问句,通常用连词“or”连接选项。
1. 构成形式:一般疑问句 + or + 可选择部分?
例如:Are you a student or a teacher?(你是学生还是老师?)
Do you like apples or pears?(你喜欢苹果还是梨?)
2. 回答方式:不能用“yes”或“no”回答,需从提供的选项中选择一项或多项回答。
例如:
Are you a student or a teacher?→ I'm a student.(我是学生。)
【拓展】若两者都选,可用“both”回答;若都不选,可用“neither”回答。
例如:Do you like tea or coffee?
→ Both.(两个都喜欢。)
→ Neither. I prefer juice.(都不喜欢,我更喜欢果汁。)
二、指示代词this、that、these、those
近
远
单数
this
that
复数
those
these
三、一般现在时
三、一般现在时
①定义:一般现在时通常表示经常发生的动作或存在。
②用法
· 表示经常性或习惯性的动作: My mother always gets up early. 我的妈妈总是很早起床。
· 表示目前的情况或状态: It's sunny and windy today. 今天晴朗多风。
· 表示主语的性格、特征和其所具备的能力等: My new Chinese teacher is strict. 我的新语文老师很严厉。
· 表示客观事实或普遍真理: The earth moves around the sun. 地球绕着太阳转。
· 用在格言、谚语中: Knowledge is power. 知识就是力量。
③分类
· be 动词的一般现在时
· 含有实义动词的一般现在时
易错点提示
易错点1:主语为he/she/it/ 单数名词 / 不可数名词时,实义动词要变三单(加 s/es)。
❌ He play football every day.
✅ He plays football every day.
动词第三人称单数的变化规则
首先,我们先学习什么是第三人称单数?
第三人称单数就是指 “不是‘我’(I)、不是‘你’(you)、不是复数(they)的人、动物或事物”。
类别
示例
他(he)
my father, Tom, the boy
她(she)
my mother, Amy, the girl
它(it)
a dog, the book, milk, Beijing
可视作单数的人名、地名、称呼等
Mike, China, Miss White
动词第三人称单数的变化有哪些规则呢?
①一般在动词的词尾加s
like→likes look→looks
②以ch、sh、s、x及辅音字母加o结尾,词尾加es
teach→teaches wash→washes guess→guesses mix→mixes do→does
③以辅音字母加y结尾的词,变y为i,再加es
study→studies fly→flies cry→cries
④不规则变化特殊记
have→has be→is,are
易错点2:I 用 am,you 用 are,he/she/it/ 单数名词用 is,we/they/ 复数名词用 are。
❌ She are a student.
✅She is a student.
四、现在进行时
现在进行时用来表示正在进行或发生的动作。结构为 “be (am /is/are)+ 动词 -ing”。
句形
构成形式
例句
肯定句
主语 + be 动词 + 动词 -ing 形式 (+ 其他).
She is singing in her room.她正在房间里唱歌。
否定句
主语 + be 动词 + not + 动词 -ing 形式 (+ 其他).
I am not swimming now.我现在没在游泳。
一般疑问句
Be 动词 + 主语 + 动词 -ing 形式 (+ 其他)?
肯定回答: Yes, 主语 + be 动词.
否定回答: No, 主语 + be 动词 +not.
Are you having an English class?你们正在上英语课吗?Yes, we are. 是的,我们在 (上英语课)。No, we aren't. 不,我们没在 (上英语课)。
特殊疑问句
特殊疑问词 + be 动词 + 主语 + 动词 -ing 形式 (+ 其他)?
What are they doing? 他们在干什么?They are flying kites. 他们在放风筝。
五、频度副词
表示动作或状态发生的频率。频率副词通常放在实义动词之前,be动词、助动词、情态动词之后。
例词:
always总是
usually通常
often经常
sometimes有时
never从未;决不
100%
80%
60%
40%
0%
例句:
My mum always goes shopping on the weekend.我妈妈总是在周末去购物。
This house isn’t big enough for us. 这房子对我们来说不够大。
小试牛刀
一、写出动词的现在分词。
1.chase —_______ 2.get —_______ 3.count —_______ 4.sleep —_______
5.climb —_______ 6.chat —_______ 7.have —_______ 8.sit —_______
二、按要求写单词。
9.thick (反义词) _______ 10.smooth (反义词) _______
11.sharp (反义词) _______ 12.knife (同类词) _______
13.touch (同类词) _______ 14.what (同类词) _______
15.that (复数) _______ 16.knife (复数) _______
17.strawberry (复数) _______
三、单项选择。
( ) 18.The Zhangs _______ having a holiday on the beach.
A.am B.is C.are
( ) 19.【自然现象】The shadow is short in the _______.
A.morning B.afternoon C.evening
( ) 20.My brothers never _______ basketball on Saturday afternoon.
A.play B.playing C.plays
( ) 21.【动画人物】The mouse jumps _______ the door and runs away.
A.of B.off C.for
( ) 22.—Would you like _______ the badminton club with me?
—Yes, I’d love to.
A.join B.to join C.joins
( ) 23.【行为导向】Wash your hands _______ you have dinner.
A.when B.before C.after
( ) 24.This new pair of swimming goggles _______ cool and nice.
A.are B.is C.has
( ) 25.Leo usually _______ a kite in the park. But now he is _______ a kite in the yard.
A.fly; flying B.flies; flying C.flying; flies
( ) 26.It’s Earth Hour. Let’s ________ the lights.
A.turn off B.take off C.turn on
( ) 27.Tom _______ at his clock.
A.look B.looking C.looks
( ) 28.—Here is a red envelope for you.
—_______
A.Thank you. B.Here you are. C.OK.
( ) 29.—What is he doing?
—He is _______.
A.learning sing B.learn sing C.learning singing
( ) 30.【传统节日】—_______ is the Double Ninth Festival?
—It’s in September or October.
A.What B.When C.Where
四、选词填空。
on beside behind of with to
31.Let’s take a visit my grandparents.
32.My bag is too heavy. It’s full juice.
33.Kitty is my deskmate. She sits me.
34.Danny’s violin is his desk.
35.My little girl is playing a nice doll.
36.Linda is tall. She sits Tom.
五、选词填空。
in on at during
37.The Dragon Boat Festival is May or June.
38.We watch beautiful fireworks night.
39.What do you usually do the Spring Festival?
40. New Year’s Eve, we eat dumplings together.
41.I visit my grandparents the Double Ninth Festival.
42.My parents like watching TV the evening.
六、选词填空。
how how many how old what whose who how much where
43.— pencil case is that? —It’s Mary’s.
44.— knives do you have? —I have three.
45.— is your sister? —She’s twelve.
46.— is your friend? —Peter and Jill.
47.— is that? —It’s cherry juice.
48.— does the juice taste? —It’s sweet.
49.— is my book? —It’s on the desk.
50.— is that glass of juice? —It’s ten yuan.
七、用所给单词的适当形式填空。
51.There (be) some fruit and some drinks on the table.
52.— Kitty like (fly) a kite?
—No. She likes swimming. She can (swim) well.
53.—Are there any (strawberry) in the box?
—Yes, there are some.
54.Look! The bird (sing) in the tree.
55.Let’s go and ask (she). Can we give (he) any sweets?
56.—Whose (knife) are those?
—They are (Peter).
57.Mimi doesn’t (eat) a large bowl of cat food every day.
58.There (be) a pair of swimming goggles in the swimming pool.
59.My brother usually (go) to bed early. But now he with me. (chat)
60.We (have) music shows in the hall. Now we (be) in the music room.
参考答案
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学科网(北京)股份有限公司
学科网(北京)股份有限公司
1.chasing
2.getting
3.counting
4.sleeping
5.climbing
6.chatting
7.having
8.sitting
9.thin
10.rough
11.blunt
12.fork
13.feel
14.where
15.those
16.knives
17.strawberries
18.C
19.B
20.A
21.B
22.B
23.B
24.B
25.B
26.A
27.C
28.A
29.C
30.B
31.to
32.of
33.beside
34.on
35.with
36.behind
37.in
38.at
39.during
40.On
41.on
42.in
43.Whose
44.How many
45.How old
46.Who
47.What
48.How
49.Where
50.How much
51.is
52.Does flying/to fly swim
53.strawberries
54.is singing
55.her him
56.knives Peter’s
57.eat
58.is
59.goes is chatting
60.have are
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