专题09 阅读理解（专项训练）小升初英语暑假专项提升（教科版广州）

**基本信息** 以“方法-实践”双模块构建阅读能力培养体系，通过四步法+分题型技巧+避坑策略形成闭环训练，兼顾语言能力提升与文化意识渗透。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|方法提炼|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |答题技巧|1套方法体系|做题四步法（题干定位→通读理脉→原文匹配→选项排除）；分题型技巧（细节题关键词定位、推理题合理推断等）；避坑要点（时态陷阱、偷换词语识别）|从通用解题流程到细分题型突破，再到错误规避，形成“总-分-特”逻辑链条| |小试牛刀|15篇阅读（含规则、文化、人物等主题，覆盖选择/判断/排序等题型）|通过口诀“先题后文定关键词，回文定位找依据”强化方法应用|以多样化语篇载体实践技巧，融合文化意识（如中西礼仪）与思维品质（逻辑推理），实现方法迁移与能力内化|

专题09 阅读理解 · 内容导航 · 01：答题技巧 02：小试牛刀 答题技巧 一、做题四步法 先看题干，圈关键词（人名、时间、地点、特殊疑问词 what/when/where），带着问题读文章。 通读短文，分清时态（过去 / 现在 / 将来），理清人物和事件。 原文定位：答案大多能在文中找到原句或同义句，题文一一对应。 核对选项，排除错项。 二、细分题型技巧 1. 细节题（占比最高） 题干关键词回原文找相同 / 相近单词，就近找答案，原句附近就是答案。 2. 推理判断题 不直接抄原文原话，结合上下文、生活常识合理推断，排除和原文完全一样的选项。 3. 词义猜测题 借助前后句、时态、连词 but/and 猜测生词含义。 4. 主旨大意题 看首尾段、每段首句，概括文章主要内容，切忌只抓某一句话。 5. True/False 判断题 ①关键词定位原文；②注意时态、人称、数字是否改动；③原文没提到选 F。 三、避坑要点 时态陷阱：原文过去式，选项改成现在时一般错误（本册重点：一般过去时高频）。 偷换词语：改动数字、地点、人物，直接判错。 无中生有：文中没有出现的信息不选。 四、答题顺序小口诀 先题后文定关键词，回文定位找依据，细节原文找原句，主旨首尾找中心。 小试牛刀 Passage 01 “无规矩不成方圆。” 每个人都要遵守行为规范。读短文，根据内容选择正确的答案，将字母编号写在括号内。 Rules in the reading room Hello, everyone. Welcome to the reading room. We hope you will have a good time here. Before you go into the reading room, there are some rules you need to know. The reading room is open from 8:00 a. m. to 5:30 p. m. from Monday to Friday. Don’t take your bag into the reading room. Don’t talk loudly in the reading room. Don’t take any food or drinks into the reading room. Take only one book at a time (每次). After you finish reading a book, you must put it back and then you can take another one. Before you leave, you must put the book back on the bookshelf (书架). You can’t take any book out of the reading room. Remember to take your student card. ( ) 1．When can you read in the reading room? A．At 3:00 p. m. on Wednesday. B．At 9:00 a. m. on Sunday. C．At 6:30 p. m. on Thursday. ( ) 2．What can you take to the reading room? A．Bag. B．Sweets. C．A student card. ( ) 3．How many books can you take at a time? A．Three. B．Two. C．One. ( ) 4．What should you do in the reading room? A．Be quiet. B．Talk loudly. C．Take many books to the seat. ( ) 5．Which of the following is TRUE? A．You can drink cola in the reading room. B．You can read in the reading room for nine hours. C．You can take all your favourite books out of the reading room. Passage 02 读短文，根据内容选择正确的答案，将字母编号写在括号内。 Here are some things you need to know about Chinese table manners. First, you should use chopsticks to eat a meal. You can’t eat with your hands. Secondly, you should eat slowly. Eating too fast is impolite. The hosts (主人) sometimes give their guests food. You’d better eat it. However, if you really don’t like it, you can just say, “Thank you” and leave the food there. You should not say “No, I don’t like it.” It’s too unfriendly. Thirdly, you shouldn’t put your chopsticks upright (直着) into the food. Also, you shouldn’t tap (敲打) on the bowl. Don’t forget that it’s better to keep smiling at the dinner table so that other people will be happy. ( ) 6．_______ people usually eat with chopsticks. A．English B．American C．Chinese ( ) 7．Eating too _______ is impolite. A．fast B．quiet C．slow ( ) 8．The word “guest” means _______ in Chinese. A．主人 B．客人 C．陌生人 ( ) 9．You _______ tap (敲打) on the bowl. A．should B．shouldn’t C．must ( ) 10．To keep smiling at the dinner table so that other people will be _______. A．sad B．tired C．happy Passage 03 阅读以下Ben写的电子邮件，选择合适的选项补全句子。 To marvin@keystoke. com Thanks for your e-mail. I am having a great trip. It is fun to travel around the world. This morning I went for a walk. I saw lots of water and I saw lots of big buildings. The buildings were next to the water. One building was a funny shape. Do you know where I was? I was in Sydney. Sydney is a big city in Australia. The funny-shaped building I saw was the Sydney Opera House. It was built in 1957. To marvin@keystoke. com Thanks for your e-mail. I am having a great trip. I have now left Australia. This morning I went out again. I went for another walk. It was very hot. I saw lots of sand. The sand was orange. The sand was very hot and dry, and so was I! Do you know where I was? Can you guess? I was in the Kalahari Desert. The Kalahari Desert is in southern Africa. It has many sand dunes. Sand dunes are made when the wind blows the sand into big hills. To marvin@keystoke. com Thanks for your e-mail. I am having a great trip. I have now left South Africa. This morning I visited a magnificent building. It is one of the world’s seven wonders. Do you know where I was? I was in India. The building I saw was Ma j Mahal. To marvin@keystoke. com Thanks for your e-mail. I am having a great trip. I have now left India. This morning I went out for another long walk. I walked in the hills. I saw a wall. The wall was high and very wide. It was also very long. People can walk on top of the wall. I was in China. The wall was the Great Wall of China. It was built thousands of years ago. It was built to keep China safe from enemies. It is more than 20, 000 km long, but it has fallen down in some places. There are many famous places in China. I will stay here for another week. ( ) 11．The funny-shaped building Ben saw was in ________. A．China B．Australia C．Africa ( ) 12．Ben saw ________ in southern Africa. A．lots of water B．lots of big buildings C．lots of sand ( ) 13．In India, Ben ________. A．visited a magnificent building B．walked on top of a wall in the hills C．saw people eat with their left hands ( ) 14．The Great Wall of China was built ________. A．thousands of years ago B．20, 000 years ago C．to keep China safe from wild animals ( ) 15．Ben will stay in China for another week because ________. A．it is very hot and dry in China B．Chinese food is very delicious C．there are many famous places in China Passage 04 读短文，选择正确的选项，将字母编号写在括号内。 In the UK. people often go out by bus or underground. On a bus or the underground, you can see a lot of people looking out of the window or reading books and newspaper. They do not talk very much. When English people meet, they often talk about one thing—the weather. So when you meet someone in the UK, you can say, “It’s a nice day, isn’t it?” “But it’s a little cold.” Someone may answer. Talking like this is polite and friendly. It is very different in China. When Chinese people meet, we will ask, “Where are you going?” or “Have you eaten yet?” “Are you busy recently?” Talking about meals is a good way to greet in China. But maybe you don’t know how to eat food in a right way in India (印度). Because it’s very different from China. Different countries have different manners. We should respect and learn more about the culture (文化). ( ) 16．You may see many people _______________ on a bus or an underground in the UK. A．reading B．talking C．singing ( ) 17．People in the UK like talking about the _______________ when they meet. A．breakfast B．weather C．friend ( ) 18．Chinese people like _______________. A．reading on a bus B．looking out of the window C．talking about meals when they meet ( ) 19．When you meet a friend from the UK, you can greet him to say “_______________” A．It’s a sunny day. B．I ate breakfast. C．Where are you going? Passage 05 读短文，根据短文内容选择正确的答案。将其字母编号写在括号内。 Leonardo da Vinci was a great artist. He was born in 1452 in Italy. He died in 1519. Da Vinci began to learn to paint when he was 14 years old. One of his most famous paintings is the Mona Lisa. People love the painting. They love the smile on the face of Mona Lisa. The smile was named Mona Lisa’s Smile. There are different stories about the famous painting the Mona Lisa. Here is an interesting one of them. Da Vinci was good at making cakes. His chocolate cake was the best. Da Vinci had a good friend named Mona Lisa. She loved chocolate cakes very much. One day, Mona Lisa came to visit Da Vinci. Da Vinci was making a chocolate cake. He said, “Let me paint you. When I finish the painting, we’ll share the chocolate cake.” Mona Lisa was happy to hear this. She smiled, and Da Vinci painted her with that smile. ( ) 20．Leonardo da Vinci was good at ______. A．painting pictures B．telling stories C．writing music ( ) 21．Leonardo da Vinci died when he was ______ years old. A．14 B．33 C．67 ( ) 22．Which painting is the Mona Lisa? A． B． C． ( ) 23．People love the smile on the face of Mona Lisa. They call it “______”. A．Leonardo da Vinci’s Smile B．Mona Lisa’s Smile C．Mona Lisa’s Cake ( ) 24．Which one is RIGHT? A．Leonardo da Vinci began to learn to paint in 1533. B．Leonardo da Vinci could make cakes very well, except for chocolate cakes. C．Leonardo da Vinci painted Mona Lisa before sharing the chocolate cake. Passage 06 读短文，判断句子是(T)否(F)与内容相符。 The Farmer and the Golden Eggs Long ago, a poor farmer found a goose that laid golden eggs. He became rich but wanted more. He killed the goose but found no eggs inside. The story tells us: greed (贪婪) leads to loss. ( ) 25．The farmer became rich because of the golden eggs. ( ) 26．The goose laid one golden egg every week. ( ) 27．The farmer killed the goose to get all the eggs at once. ( ) 28．The story teaches us to be greedy. Passage 07 阅读人物简介，判断下列句子是(T)否(F)与人物信息相符。    nuclear physicist (核物理学家) born on October 16th, 1913, Shaoxing, Zhejiang Province died in June, 1992, Beijing studied at Beijing University in 1929 studied at Tsinghua University from 1932 to 1936 Qian Sanqiang studied nuclear physics in France in 1937 got a doctor’s degree in 1940 came back to China in 1948, then began our country’s nuclear physics research (研究) work was a professor at Tsinghua University in 1948 was honored with Two Bombs and One Satellite Awards (“两弹一星”功勋奖章) in 1999 ( ) 29．Qian Sanqiang was born in October in 1913 in Beijing. ( ) 30．Qian Sanqiang studied at Beijing University when he was 16 years old. ( ) 31．Qian Sanqiang was a student at Tsinghua University in 1932. ( ) 32．Qian Sanqiang studied nuclear physics in Britain. ( ) 33．Qian Sanqiang came back to China and taught at Tsinghua University in 1948. Passage 08 判断句子是否符合短文内容，如符合写“T”，否则写“F”。 Do you know Xian Xinghai? He was a great Chinese musician. His hometown was Panyu, Guangzhou, China. He was born in Macao in 1905 and died in 1945. In his short life, he wrote nearly 300 songs and an opera. People love his music. Xian loved music and he worked hard to study it. In 1926, he studied music in Beijing, and in1928 he studied in Shanghai. In 1929, he went to Paris, France. He was a very good music student there. In 1938, Xian went to Yan’an and taught music there. In Yan’an, he composed (作曲) some of his most important works. His famous work called The Yellow River was one of them. People in Guangzhou are very proud of Xian. The concert hall on Ersha Island is named after Xian Xinghai. A park and a school in Panyu, his hometown, are named after him, too. ( ) 34．Xian Xinghai was a great Chinese leader. ( ) 35．Xian Xinghai was born in Panyu, Guangzhou, China. ( ) 36．Xian Xinghai was a very good student when he studied in France. ( ) 37．The Yellow River was one of his most important works. ( ) 38．Some buildings in Guangzhou are named after Xian Xinghai. Passage 09 读兰兰制作的五月份手帐(部分)，判断下列表述与手帐内容是否相符。如符合写“T”，否则写“F”。 ( ) 39．Lanlan went on a trip by car on May Day. ( ) 40．Lanlan’s birthday is on Tuesday, May 11th . ( ) 41．Lanlan went shopping and bought a present for Mum before Mother’s Day. ( ) 42．Lanlan had piano lessons four times a week. Passage 10 【新考点·生活运用】读句子，判断是否与电影票内容相符。如相符，在括号内写“T”，否则写“F”。 ( ) 43．This is a film ticket of Zhonghua Cinema. ( ) 44．There are at least 4 halts (厅) in this cinema. ( ) 45．The film ticket is fifty yuan. ( ) 46．This ticket is for a little child. ( ) 47．The name of the film is “Travelling Abroad Ⅱ”. ( ) 48．The film will start at half past ten. ( ) 49．The film will last (持续) for three hours. Passage 11 阅读以下短文，完成以下两项任务。 50．请阅读短文，为每个小文段选择合适的标题并抄写在横线上，其中有两个标题为多余选项。 Save water          Cut down trees       Don’t use too much plastic Save energy         Save trees           Don’t drive (1) ________________    Water is useful. We drink water and use water to clean things every day. In many places, there is not much water. We should not waste water. We should save it or use it again. (2) ________________ Most of our energy (能源) comes from coal (煤) and oil. We use energy to light our cities and power our cars. There is not much coal or oil on the Earth. We should save energy. We should go out by bus or underground. We should not drive so much because cars use a lot of energy. (3) ________________ Wood comes from trees. We use wood to make tables, chairs and many other things. We should not cut down too many trees because trees help keep the air clean. We should plan more trees. (4) ________________ We use plastic (塑料) to make bags and bottles, but too much plastic is bad for the Earth. We should not use too many plastic bags or bottles. We should use paper bags and glass bottles. 51．请阅读短文，将正确的信息填入表格中。 things functions (用途) should do should not do water drink and (1) _____________ reuse and save the water waste water energy (2)_____________ and power cars go out by bus or underground (3) _____________ tree make tables，chairs and many other things. plant trees (4) _____________　 plastic (5) _____________ (6) _____________ 　 use too many plastic bags or bottles Passage 12 阅读关于保护环境的倡议书，完成三项任务。 We live on the earth. The earth is a beautiful place. But the earth gets sick. Many people throw rubbish (垃圾) into rivers and oceans. Sometimes people cut down too many trees. Smoke from cars and factories makes the air dirty. Here is a list of some things we can do to keep the earth clean and healthy. Don’t use too much plastic. We use plastic to make bags and bottles, but too much plastic is bad for the earth. So we should use paper bags and glass bottles. Don’t waste water. Water is useful. We drink water and use water to clean things every day. In many places, there is not much water. We should not waste water. We should reuse and save it. Save energy. Most of our energy comes from coal (煤) and oil (石油) . There is not much coal or oil on the earth. We should save energy. We should not drive so much because cars use a lot of energy. Save trees. Wood comes from trees. We use wood to make tables, chairs and many other things. We should not cut down too many trees because trees help keep the air clean. It’s important for us to protect the earth for our future. If we pitch in, the earth stays clean and we all win! 52．阅读文本，选择正确的答案。 ( ) (1) Which is the best title (题目) for the passage? A．Don’t waste water      B．Save trees      C．Save the earth together ( ) (2) What does the word “plastic” mean in Chinese? A．塑料     B．环保袋     C．易拉罐 ( ) (3) Which of the following is not true? A．We should not use too many plastic bags. They’re bad for the earth. B．There is not much water in many places. C．There is much coal or oil on the earth. 53．根据文本，选择适当的内容完成表格。 A．keep the air clean      B．make the air dirty      C．reuse and save the water D．drive too much      E．throw rubbish      F．use paper bags and glass bottles Problems People (1) _______ into the rivers and oceans. People cut down too many trees. Cars and factories (2) _______     Solutions      (解决方法) Don’t use too much plastic. Please (3) _______. Don’t waste water. We should (4) _______. Save energy. Don’t (5) _______. Save trees. Trees can (6) _______. 54．回答问题。 (1) Is it important to save the earth? Why? ___________________________________ (2) What can we do to keep the earth healthy? ___________________________________ Passage 13 读材料，做任务。 Yesterday, Xiaoming woke up late. His clock didn’t work. He didn’t eat breakfast, and rode his bike to school. He was late. Miss Huang wasn’t happy. She asked for his homework. He gave it to her, but it was the wrong homework. Miss Huang wasn’t really happy! In PE class, they played football. Xiaoming didn’t play well. Mr. Jones wasn’t happy with him. He made him exercise more! It was really hard work. After school, Xiaoming did his homework and then played basketball with some friends. This time he played well. In the evening, Xiaoming surfed the Internet and got some information, he tried to fix his clock by himself. “I hope it can work tomorrow.” he thought. 55．请根据上述材料内容用阿拉伯数字给下面的句子排序。 ( ) Xiaoming fixed his clock and hoped it can work next morning. ( ) Xiaoming gave the wrong homework to Miss Huang. ( ) Xiaoming played basketball well after school. ( ) Xiaoming was late for school. ( ) Mr Jones made Xiaoming exercise more. 56．What’s the meaning of “fix”? It should be __________________. A．购买            B．扔掉           C．修理 57．请尝试给上述材料加个英文题目：_________________ Passage 14 读下面的邮件，根据内容补全句子信息(每空不限一个词)，把答案填在横线上。 To: Anna From: Tom Dear Anna, Today is our first day in Shanghai. It is a very big and modern city in the southeast (东南) of China. In the morning, after breakfast, we visited Shanghai Science Museum. We saw many interesting things there. In the afternoon, we went to Nanjing Road. It was a busy street, we ate delicious food and went along the street and enjoyed everything there. Then we walked to the east and got to the Bund (外滩). The Bund was very beautiful. There were many visitors (游客), we took many photos there happily. We went back to the hotel until 10 o’clock at night. Tomorrow, we’ll go to Zhouzhuang by van, a famous water town on the southwest of Shanghai. Oh, I can’t wait! Tom 58．Tom visited ________________________ this morning. 59．Tom enjoyed _________________________ of Nanjing Road. 60．Tom went to the Bund from Nanjing Road ________________________. 61．They ________________________ the Bund late, they had a good time there. 62．They will go to ________________________ tomorrow. Passage15 63．【新语篇·成语故事】读故事，根据内容给图片用阿拉伯数字排序并写在括号内。 One day, Sai Weng lost a good horse. His friend heard that and comforted (安慰) him. But he was not sad. A few weeks later, his horse came back with a stronger horse. Sai Weng’s friend came to congratulate (祝贺) him. But he was not happy. Sai Weng’s son liked riding horses. One day, he fell off from the stronger horse and broke his leg. But Sai Weng was not very sad. Then there was a war (战争). All the young men had to join the army (参军) and many of them died. Sai Weng’s son didn’t join the army and stayed at home because of his leg. ( 1 ) ( 3 ) ( 6 ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) 参考答案 第 1 页 共 8 页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 1．A 2．C 3．C 4．A 5．B 6．C 7．A 8．B 9．B 10．C 11．B 12．C 13．A 14．A 15．C 16．A 17．B 18．C 19．A 20．A 21．C 22．A 23．B 24．C 25．T 26．F 27．T 28．F 29．F 30．T 31．T 32．F 33．T 34．F 35．F 36．T 37．T 38．T 39．T 40．F 41．T 42．F 43．T 44．T 45．F 46．F 47．F 48．T 49．T 50．Save water Save energy Save trees Don’t use too much plastic 51．clean things light our cities drive so much cut down too many trees make bags and bottles use paper bags and glass bottles 52．C A C 53． E B F C D A 54．Yes, it is. Because the earth gets sick. Don’t use too much plastic. 55．5 2 4 1 3 56．C 57．Xiaoming’s Bad Day 58．Shanghai Science Museum 59．everything 60．on foot 61．got to 62．Zhouzhuang 63．8 5 7 2 4 $