专题06 选词或短语填空（专项训练）小升初英语暑假专项提升（外研版一起）

**基本信息** 以4步解题法为核心，系统整合词形变化规则与语境应用模块，构建从技巧到实战的小学英语选词填空训练体系，提升语言运用与学习能力。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|方法提炼|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |答题技巧+分模块考点+词形变形|4步技巧+10模块+12题|定时态-定词性-筛词义-检查四步法|词形变化（ing/过去式/三单）→固定搭配→分模块语境应用（点餐/天气等）|

专题06 选词或短语填空 · 内容导航 · 01：答题技巧 02：小试牛刀 答题技巧 1. 选词填空 4 步解题技巧 题型标配：给出一些词，需要从中选出合适的词填空，词要变形（原形 /ing/ 过去式 / 三单），第 1 步：圈时态标志词，定时态（最关键） 看见yesterday/last…→过去式，动词变过去式 看见now/look/listen→进行时，be+doing 看见will/be going to/tomorrow→将来，will + 原形 无标志、every day/usually→一般现在，看主语变三单 第 2 步：看空格前后单词，定词性 空格前 am/is/are → 填动词 ing 空格前 can/can’t/could/couldn’t/will → 动词原形（必考坑点） 主语是 he/she/it/ 单数人名 → 一般现在时动词 + s/es 介词 to/for/in 后面：to + 动词原形；介词后 + 名词 /doing 第 3 步：翻译整句，筛选词义 例：I ____ some photos yesterday. 昨天→过去式，选词 take→took 第 4 步：检查：主谓一致、拼写变形、时态统一 易错自查：be 动词和 ing 绑定；will/could 后面绝对不加 s/ing 2. 分模块细分考点 M1 点餐交际：want + 名词（想要某物）、want to do（想要做…）； food 类名词：hot dog, hamburger, cola 考点：want/wants/wanted/wanting 变形 M2 将来天气 / 就餐时间：be going to + 动词；will + 动词原形；when 提问时间 M3 过去 + 现在进行：take -took（不规则过去式）； shine-shining, fly-flying（去 e / 双写 ing 变化） M4 正在发生意外：can/can’t + 动词原形； fall-falling（掉落），现在进行时表正在掉落 M5 正在做某事，突然另一件事发生：现在进行时 + 一般现在时： sb be doing..., but …does… （他正在吹唢呐，电话响了） M6 过去生日 + 航天名词：was/were；is-was；spaceship, birthday M7 情态动词过去式：can→could（过去能 / 不能）；fly-flew； couldn’t + 动词原形 M8 why 引导原因问句：why+be / 助动词 + 主语 + doing（为什么正戴着帽子）； wear/wearing M9 祝福语：wish/wishes/wishing 固定搭配：best wishes to you M10 be going to 将来择校：be going to + 地点 / 动词原形 3. 必考词形变形（选词填空必变形式） ing 变化： 去 e：take-taking, make-making；双写：run-running, sit-sitting, fall-falling 过去式（本册高频不规则）： take-took, fly-flew, can-could, is-was, are-were 三单：want-wants, ring-rings 原形：can/could/will 后永远用动词原形 4. 高频介词 / 固定搭配 to/on/in/for/at： want to do、on one’s head、in space、best wishes to sb 小试牛刀 1、 从方框中选择正确的单词补全短文，每个单词限用一次。 was were took rain ate stopped ran funny wanted went It 1.______ sunny last Sunday.I 2.______ to Beihai Park with my family. We 3.______ to have a picnic there. There 4.______ lots of trees and naughty birds. I 5.______some photos there. Then we had lunch. But suddenly (突然) it started to 6.______ . We 7.______ quickly to hide. About twenty minutes later, the rain 8.______ and we 9.______ our food. We had a very 10.______ day. 二、用方框中所给单词的适当形式补全短文。 broken she mess be everywhere Oh dear! The girl can't carry all these things. Everything 1.______ falling! The boxes are 2.______ ! She can't put her school things in them at all. Look! There are lots of things 3.______ .Oh no! What a 4.______ room! Who can help 5.______ ？ 三、用方框中所给短语的适当形式补全句子或对话。 be interested in show….. to….. for the first time be surprised to ask... to... on the earth 1.Daming ______ Simon ______ have lunch with him, but Simon was busy. 2. —______ you _________ Chinese? — Yes, it's my favourite subject. 3. Daming ______ the storybook _______ Simon yesterday. 4. In 2003, China sent a taikonaut into space ________________. 5. There is much water ________________. 6. We ________ see so many beautiful pictures at the party yesterday. 四、Lingling记录了自己一次有趣的野餐经历。请你读一读，帮她填写完整吧。(用方框内所给单词或短语的适当形式补全短文) start be be angry with leave sun We had a funny picnic last weekend. In the morning,it was 1._________ , so we brought some hot dogs and went to the park. After playing with my father, we 2._________ to eat. At this time, there 3._________ a strong wind. Oh dear! All our food flew away. I 4._________ the wind. At last, we 5._________ and had lunch at home. 五、用方框中所给单词或短语的适当形式填空。 look out of arrive at the station wave to come out of stop 1.I am leaving for Beijing. Look! My best friend _________ me now. 2. Don't_________ the window in class. 3. Look! The child _________ the classroom. He wants to go to the teachers' office. 4.Our train _________ at three o'clock in the afternoon tomorrow. 5. Tom_________.Then the people waited for him. 六、Daming过了一个有意义的生日。请你用方框中所给单词的适当形式补全短文。 want buy present surprise interested It was Daming's twelfth birthday yesterday. He was very happy. He got many 1._________ from his family and friends. Simon's mum 2._________ him a book about space travel. Daming is very 3._________ in space travel. He loved the present very much. In the book, Simon and Daming were 4._________ to see many pictures of spaceships from China, Russia and the US. When they finished the book,they 5._________ to make a paper spaceship for Simon's mum. Then they gave the spaceship to Simon's mum. She was very happy. 七、用方框中所给单词的适当形式填空，补全短文。 study she born win finish Marie Curie was a world-famous woman scientist (科学家). She was 1._________ in Poland in 1867 and died in 1934. When she was a child, she liked 2._________ and hoped to be a scientist. She 3._________ middle school at the age of 16. She studied in Paris when she was 24 years old. 4._________ life was simple (简单的), but she learnt very well.Marie Curie was a great woman. In 1903, she 5._________ the Nobel Prize in Physics (诺贝尔物理学奖). And in 1911, she won the Nobel Prize in Chemistry. 八、选择合适的短语，并用其正确形式填空。 proud of be interested in a model be born in fly into Liu Yang is a female (女性) taikonaut in China. She 1._________ October 1978. When she was a child, she 2._________ space travel. On 16th June, 2012, she and the other two taikonauts 3._________ space. They spent 13 days there. Her parents are very 4._________ her. She is 5._________ for you and me. 九、选词填空。 later say joy message had Yang Jing 13 years old China Dear friends, How time flies! Tomorrow is our last day at school! We're going to 1._______ goodbye to our primary school. And one month 2._______ , I'm going back to China. I'll miss you! We 3._______ a good time together at school. You all brought me lots of 4._______ .I will never forget you. Please write a 5._______ in this book. Thank you! Best wishes to all of you! Yang Jing 十、用方框中或括号内所给单词或短语的正确形式填空，补全短文。 spend someday all over the world be born try hard English is used 1.________ now. Learning English can be very difficult for many people. How can we learn English well? My English teacher may be a model for us. He 2.________ in a poor village. When he was a student, he got up very early every day and 3.________ an hour reading English in the morning. He was not clever but he 4.________ .Now he is a great teacher. I also want to be an English teacher like him 5. ________ 十一、用方框中或括号内所给单词或短语的正确形式填空，补全短文。 ask useful favourite start easy I have Science on Fridays. It's my 1.________ subject. The class 2.________ at 10:50 and finishes at 11:35.I can always have fun in the class. Science is a 3.________ subject. We can learn all about the world. When we were little,we 4.________ our parents a lot of "whys"."Why is the sky blue?""Why do balls fall down but not go up?""Why can't my fish live outside water?" You can 5.________ find answers to these questions in Science classes. 十二、选词填空。 but cook enjoy lunch special The hot dog is popular in Denmark. It has a(n) 1.________ taste(味道). People put ketchup（番茄酱)，onions and bacon into their hot dogs. There are a lot of hot dog stands (摊位) there. Every morning,sellers walk into towns with their wagons (货车) there. They 2.________ hot dogs in a small kitchen in their wagons. People go there to buy hot dogs for breakfast and 3.________ . They 4.________ the hot dog stands in the day, 5.________ they don't like them when they block(阻塞)the way home. 参考答案 一、从方框选词补全短文 1.was 解析：last Sunday 过去时；it 单数 → be 动词用 was。 2.went 解析：go to park 去公园；过去式 went。 3.wanted 解析：want to do 想要做；过去式 wanted。 4.were 解析：there be 句型；trees 复数 → 用 were。 5.took 解析：take photos 拍照；过去式 took。 6.rain 解析：start to do 开始做；to 后加动词原形 rain。 7.ran 解析：run 跑；过去式 ran。 8.stopped 解析：stop 停止；过去式 stopped。 9.ate 解析：eat 吃；过去式 ate。 10.funny 解析：形容词修饰 day；a funny day 有趣的一天。 二、用单词适当形式填空 1.is 解析：everything 作主语，谓语用单数；现在进行时 is falling。 2.broken 解析：be broken 坏了；形容词作表语。 3.everywhere 解析：副词，到处都是。 4.mess 解析：What a mess! 固定搭配：一团糟！ 5.her 解析：help 是动词，后面用宾格 her。 三、短语适当形式填空 1.asked; to 解析：ask sb to do 邀请某人做；后面 was busy 过去时 → asked。 2.Are; interested in 解析：be interested in 对…… 感兴趣；一般现在时 → Are you。 3.showed; to 解析：show sth to sb 把某物给某人看；yesterday 过去式 showed。 4.for the first time 解析：固定短语：第一次。 5.on the earth 解析：固定短语：在地球上。 6.were surprised to 解析：be surprised to do 惊讶做某事；yesterday 过去式 were。 四、补全野餐短文 1.sunny 解析：be 动词后用形容词；sun → sunny 晴朗的。 2.started 解析：start to do 开始做；last weekend 过去式 started。 3.was 解析：there be 句型；a strong wind 单数 → was。 4.was angry with 解析：be angry with 对…… 生气；过去式 was。 5.left 解析：leave 离开；过去式 left。 五、短语适当形式填空 1.is waving to 解析：Look! 现在进行时；wave to sb 向某人挥手。 2.look out of 解析：Don’t + 动词原形；look out of the window 朝窗外看。 3.is coming out of 解析：Look! 现在进行时；come out of 从…… 出来。 4.will arrive at the station 解析：tomorrow 一般将来时；will + 动词原形。 5.stopped 解析：waited 过去时；前后时态一致 → stopped。 六、大明生日短文 1.presents 解析：many 后接可数名词复数；present → presents。 2.bought 解析：buy sb sth 给某人买某物；yesterday 过去式 bought。 3.interested 解析：be interested in 对…… 感兴趣；固定搭配。 4.surprised 解析：be surprised to do 惊讶做某事。 5.wanted 解析：want to do 想要做；过去式 wanted。 七、居里夫人短文 1.born 解析：be born 出生；固定短语。 2.studying 解析：like doing sth 喜欢做某事；study → studying。 3.finished 解析：finish middle school 中学毕业；过去式 finished。 4.Her 解析：修饰名词 life 用形容词性物主代词；she → Her。 5.won 解析：win the prize 获奖；过去式 won。 八、刘洋航天员短文 1.was born in 解析：出生在（年月）；过去式 was。 2.was interested in 解析：be interested in 对…… 感兴趣；过去式 was。 3.flew into 解析：fly into space 飞入太空；2012 过去式 flew。 4.proud of 解析：be proud of 为…… 骄傲。 5.a model 解析：a model for sb 某人的榜样。 九、毕业留言 1.say 解析：be going to + 动词原形；say goodbye 告别。 2.later 解析：one month later 一个月后。 3.had 解析：have a good time 玩得开心；过去式 had。 4.joy 解析：lots of joy 许多快乐；joy 不可数。 5.message 解析：write a message 写留言。 十、英语学习短文 1.all over the world 解析：固定短语：全世界。 2.was born 解析：be born 出生；过去式 was。 3.spent 解析：spend time doing 花时间做；过去式 spent。 4.tried hard 解析：try hard 努力；过去式 tried。 5.someday 解析：副词：某天。 十一、科学课短文 1.favourite 解析：my favourite subject 我最喜爱的学科。 2.starts 解析：一般现在时；class 单数 → start 加 s。 3.useful 解析：形容词修饰 subject；useful 有用的。 4.asked 解析：when we were little 过去时；ask → asked。 5.easily 解析：修饰动词 find 用副词；easy → easily。 十二、热狗介绍 1.special 解析：形容词修饰 taste；special 特别的。 2.cook 解析：一般现在时；they 复数 → 用原形 cook。 3.lunch 解析：for breakfast and lunch 早餐和午餐。 4.enjoy 解析：enjoy sth 喜欢某物；一般现在时。 5.but 解析：连词表转折：但是。 第 1 页 共 8 页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $