专题09 完形填空&阅读理解（专项训练）小升初英语暑假专项提升（外研版一起）

**基本信息** 以“方法口诀+四步解题+分考点突破”构建完形填空与阅读理解专项训练体系，精准匹配小学毕业考高频考点，强化语言能力与思维品质。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|方法提炼|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |完形填空|5篇短文（80-120词）|答题口诀+四步解题法（通读→逐空→回看→检查），分考点技巧（时态标志词、名词单复数等）|从词汇（名/动/介）到语法（四大时态、There be句型）再到逻辑理解，层层递进，匹配六下模块主题| |阅读理解|5篇文本（记叙文/应用文等）|四步解题（看题圈关键词→定位原文→对比选项→不主观猜测），分题型技巧（选择/判断正误等）|从信息查找（60%）到细节判断、推理判断，由浅入深，强化文本信息提取与逻辑分析能力|

专题09 完形填空 & 阅读理解 · 内容导航 · 01：答题技巧 02：小试牛刀 答题技巧 一、完形填空 小学阶段完形以短文完形为主，篇幅简短（80–120 词），短文共 10 个空，每空提供 3–4 个选项；题材贴近教材日常话题，句子简单、逻辑清晰。 1. 本册常考话题 饮食、天气、出行、过去经历、节日、活动、人物介绍、梦想计划、校园生活（完全匹配六下模块主题）。 2. 考查形式 挖空位置：名词、动词、形容词、副词、介词、连词、代词、固定搭配、时态变形。 3. 核心考点 （一）词汇类 · 名词：单复数、词义辨析、可数 / 不可数 例：dumpling-dumplings, food (不可数) · 动词：四大时态变形（一般现在 / 过去 / 将来、现在进行）、动词短语、情态动词 can/could 用法 · 形容词 & 副词：词义辨析（happy/sad, cold/hot, big/small） · 代词：人称代词 (I/you/he)、物主代词 (my/your/his)、不定代词 (some/any) · 介词：时间介词 (in/on/at)、地点介词 (in/at/to)、固定搭配介词 · 连词：and（并列）、but（转折）、because（原因） （二）语法类 · 一般现在时：主谓一致（第三人称单数） · 一般过去时：动词不规则 / 规则过去式 · 一般将来时：will /be going to 结构 · 现在进行时：be + doing · There be 句型（单复数、时态） · 固定短语 & 句型 （三）逻辑理解类 上下文语境、前后句逻辑（转折、顺承、因果）、常识判断。 4. 解题技巧 ① 🔔 答题口诀 通读懂大意，先易后难易； 语法看时态，搭配记心底； 上下找线索，最后再检查。 ② 完整四步解题法 第一步：通读全文，跳过空格，把握大意（30 秒） · 不看选项、不急于填空，快速读完整篇短文。 · 重点判断：文章时态、人物、事件、整体情绪，这是做题基础。 · 关键：读完就能确定全文是现在时、过去时还是将来时，后续动词变形直接锁定范围。 第二步：逐空作答，先易后难（核心步骤） · 一眼能确定的空先填：固定搭配、基础介词、简单名词、连词，快速得分。 · 拿不准的空做标记，暂时跳过，不要纠结。 · 做题依据分三类： · 看语法：时态、单复数、主谓一致、动词形式 · 看搭配：课本固定短语（介词 + 动词、动词短语） · 看上下文：前后句子、单词提示、逻辑关系 第三步：回看难题，结合上下文找线索 · 针对标记的难题，前后句反复读： · 前文出现过的单词，后文大概率复现； · 前句说原因，后句找结果；前句肯定，后句可能转折（but）。 第四步：复读检查，通读全文验证 · 全部填完后，完整朗读短文，检查三点： · 语法是否通顺（时态、单复数、动词形式有无错误）； · 语义是否连贯，逻辑是否合理； · 拼写、格式是否规范。 5. 分考点专项技巧 考点 1：时态 & 动词变形（最高频） 找时间标志词定时态： · 现在时：often, usually, every day · 过去时：yesterday, last week, ... ago · 将来时：tomorrow, next day · 进行时：now, look, listen · 助动词 do/does/did/can/will 后，动词必须用原形。 · be 动词 (am/is/are/was/were) 后接 doing（进行时）。 例题 Yesterday I ______ (play) football with my friends. A. play B. played C. plays 解析：时间词 yesterday 表一般过去时，动词用过去式，选B。 考点 2：名词（单复数 + 词义） · 前面有 many, some, a few → 名词用复数； · 前面有 a/an, one → 名词用单数； · 结合句意辨析词义。 例题 I want three ______ (apple). A. apple B. apples C. an apple 解析：three（三个）后接可数名词复数，选B。 考点 3：介词（固定搭配 + 时间 / 地点） · 本册高频介词用法 · 时间：at + 具体时刻（at 7:00）；on + 具体日期 / 星期（on Monday）；in + 年 / 月 / 季节 · 地点：in + 大地点，at + 小地点 · 固定搭配：look at, listen to, go to, play with 例题 We will go to the park ______ Sunday. A. in B. on C. at 解析：星期前用介词 on，选B。 考点 4：连词（and /but） · and：前后意思一致、并列、顺承（和、并且） · but：前后意思相反、转折（但是） 例题 He is tired, ______ he is still working. A. and B. but C. so 解析：“很累” 和 “仍在工作” 是转折关系，选B。 考点 5：代词 & some/any 辨析 · 人称代词：主格作主语，宾格作宾语；物主代词后接名词。 · some：用于肯定句；any：用于否定句、疑问句。 例题 There isn't ______ water in the bottle. A. some B. any C. many 解析：否定句用 any，water 为不可数名词，选B。 考点 6：词义辨析（形容词、动词） 结合语境 + 生活常识判断，翻译句子理解句意再选词。 例题 It's raining. I feel very ______. A. happy B. sad C. hungry 解析：下雨让人心情低落，选B。 二、阅读理解 外研一起六下阅读理解分值高、套路固定，以记叙文、应用文、对话、小短文为主。 1. 核心考察内容（考点） 1　 信息查找：直接从原文找答案（占 60%） 2　 细节判断：T/F、选择正确错误（占 20%） 3　 推理判断：理解人物心情、意图、原因 4　 主旨大意：文章主要讲什么 5　 词义猜测：根据上下文猜生词 6　 时态对应：一般过去时、一般将来时、一般现在时 2. 常考 4 大题型 1　 选择题（选出正确答案 ABC） 2　 判断正误（T/F） 3　 回答问题（简答） 4　 补全短文 / 对话（选词填空） 3. 解题步骤 1　 先看题目，圈关键词 不先读文章！先看题干圈出：人名、时间、地点、数字、疑问词。 2　 带着问题回原文定位 用关键词快速找到对应句子。 3　 对比原文与选项 原文原句最安全，同义替换是正确答案。 4　 不主观猜测 没提到的不选、推理过度不选。 4. 分题型高分技巧 1) 选择题 正确答案：原文原句 / 同义句 错误答案：偷换概念、扩大范围、未提及 技巧：数字、大写词、时间、地点最容易定位 2) 判断正误（T/F） T：完全符合原文 F：与原文相反、偷换主语、扩大范围、时间地点错误 注意：almost / often / always / never 是坑点 3) 回答问题 用简略回答，不写长句 疑问词对应： What → 事物 When → 时间 Where → 地点 Why → Because… How → 方式 / 感受 4) 主旨大意 看第一段第一句或最后一段总结句 选项不能太细，也不能太大 小试牛刀 1、 完形填空。选择恰当的选项完成短文，将其序号填在题前括号中。 （一） There's an English speech contest at Lily's school this Friday.Many children in 1.________class like English. They study hard and speak English well. Lily wants to speak it 2.________, so she practises a lot. Lily's teacher asked Lily to take part in the speech contest 3._________ she's always hard-working. Lily is excited about the contest, 4.________ she's also nervous because she's afraid of 5.________ mistakes. Many people gave Lily advice (建议)."Go to school early so_6 can prepare for it," Lily's mother said. "Speak 7.________ so everyone can hear you easily," said Lily's teacher. However, the best advice was 8.________Lily's brother. "9.________ worry about making mistakes. Everyone makes mistakes 10.________,” he said."Try hard and do your best.” ( ) 1.A.Lily B. Lily's C. Lily is ( ) 2. A.good B. better C. best ( ) 3. A.if B. but C. because ( ) 4.A.but B.and C.or ( ) 5.A.makes B. to make C. making ( ) 6.A.he B. you C. she ( ) 7.A.fast B. slow C.slowly ( ) 8.A.to B. for C. from ( ) 9.A.Don't B. No C. Not ( ) 10.A.some times B. sometimes C. someday （二） Hi,everybody! I'd like to introduce the Spring Festival to you. It's the Chinese New Year,the most important festival in China. It falls on 1.________first day of the first month of the Chinese lunar calendar. It means 2.________life and hope. The New Year's Eve, which is called "Chuxi" in Chinese, is a popular time for family members to 3.________a big meal together. In the evening, most of the families watch the 4.________ Spring Festival Gala. The programmes 5.________wonderful! On the first day of the Spring Festival,people wear 6.________ new clothes and say "Happy New Year" to each other. They also go to visit their relatives or good friends. 7.________will get lucky money. That means good luck to children.I like the Spring Festival! How about you? ( ) 1.A.a B.an C. the ( ) 2.A.old B. bad C. new ( ) 3.A. buy B. have C. has ( ) 4.短文画线部分 “Spring Festival Gala” 的汉语意思是：_______ A.《元宵晚会》 B.《春节联欢晚会》 C.《元旦晚会》 ( ) 5. A. were B.is C.are ( ) 6.A. them B. they C. their ( ) 7.A. Children B. Child C.Fathers （三） Sunday is the favourite day of our family. My parents 1. _______ at work. My sister and I don't go to_10.We stay at home and play in the 2. _______.In the afternoon, my sister and I 3. _______out to buy some things. My sister likes 4. _______. She buys new CDs. I usually buy storybooks. We also buy some small gifts for our 5. _______.We love them. They love 6. _______ very much, too. We live in a happy family. ( ) 1.A.is B.isn't C. aren't ( ) 2.A.hospital B. factory C. school ( ) 3.A.morning B.afternoon C.evening ( ) 4.A.go B. went C. goes ( ) 5. A. painting B.music C.Maths ( ) 6.A.teachers B. parents C. friends ( ) 7.A.them B. her C.us （四） Einstein (爱因斯坦) is saying hello to us! This is a robot Einstein. A Chinese company (公司) made it. The robot can look 1._______ or angry. It can go straight and 2._______ left or right. It can run fast and 3._______ .It can do a puzzle(拼图游戏) like a child.It can blink (E) its 4._______ . It can talk with people in 43 languages. In the future, the robots can guide people at railway stations. They can be workers in a 5._______ .They can be postmen in the 6._______They can read 7. _______for children. They can write 8._______ on New Year's Day. ( ) 1.A.happy B. tall ( ) 2.A.stop B. turn ( ) 3.A.sit down B. slow down ( ) 4.A.eyes B. ears ( ) 5. A. school B. factory ( ) 6.A.post office B. cinema ( ) 7.A.books B. songs ( ) 8.A.postcards B. word book （五） Giving a hand to people in need is a good quality (品质). If you see an old person lying(躺) on the 1._____ , will you come to help? If someone 2.______ into the river, will you help? If you hear someone shouting for 3.______ ,will you go to help him or her? You may say, "Yes, I will help.” We know you are so brave(勇敢的) and 4.______ .But sometimes, when you can't help them,you can ask the police, the firefighters or the doctors 5.______ help. You can help them call 110, 119 or 120. ( ) 1.A.street B. bed C.chair ( ) 2. A. puts B. falls C. feels ( ) 3.A. hello B. help C.goodbye ( ) 4. A.naughty B. lucky C.kind ( ) 5. A.for B. in C.on 二、阅读理解 （一） Should we use smartphones? We can get many things from a smartphone. We can books, buy things, book tickets and so on. It always gives us new things. Everyone likes smartphones. Now, students listen to music, talk to others, watch videos, play games, read always use their parents' smartphones while they are at home. Some students learn on the phone, some play games on the phone, some watch videos and some listen to music. Some use smartphones too much. Do you think the students who use smartphones too much are relaxed（放松的）? Research shows（研究表明）that too much smartphone use in spare time can make people more stressed（焦虑不安）. So what should the students who use smartphones too much do? First of all, do sports with your friends or parents after school. Secondly, go to bed earlier. Getting the right amount of sleep is very important to your health and studies. And then, read a storybook. And let yourself get lost in a good story. Research shows that reading can reduce(减轻) stress, keep your brain sharp and even help you sleep better. Everyone should spend at least 30 minutes reading every day. Finally, use the smartphone to learn only when it's necessary（有必要的). And remember to give the phone back to your parents after you finish your task. (一)根据短文内容，判断句子正（T）误（F）。 ( ) 1. We can buy things on smartphones. ( ) 2. We can't book tickets on smartphones. ( ) 3. Some students use smartphones too much. ( ) 4. The students who use smartphones too much are relaxed. （二） Jingzhe（惊蛰） As spring comes,the weather warms up. The rain falls and the thunder roars(雷声轰隆 隆). The world comes back to life. Chinese people call this time of a year Jingzhe, or Awakening(苏醒) of Insects(昆虫). This year,it starts on 5th March(三月). Time to wake up! Not only bugs(虫子) , but all animals that sleep through the winter— bears, snakes and even frogs. Do you hear the spring thunder? Do you like the spring showers or soft winds? It's time to get up and find food! Farmers start the year's work. During this time, most parts of China warm up quickly. There is more sunshine and rain. That's good for plants to grow. As the Chinese saying goes,"The whole year's work depends on a good start in spring.” Everyone is ready for(为……做准备) the new year's work. 根据短文内容，判断句子正（T）误（F）。 ( ) 1.Jingzhe is in summer. ( ) 2.Frogs and bears sleep all through the winter. ( ) 3. This year, Jingzhe starts on 5th March. ( ) 4.During Jingzhe，the weather is getting warmer and warmer(越来越暖和). ( ) 5.The underlined (画线的) Chinese saying means“一年之计在于春”. （三） Do you know Confucius? He was born in 551 BC in China. Confucius was a very great thinker. He taught about 3,000 students,and many of them became great men,too. Why do people still love Confucius after so many years? Because his ideas help us in our lives. Confucius said that young people should look after old people. Brothers and sisters should love each other. Everyone should be kind to others. These ideas are popular in China and many other countries in the world. People love Confucius' great ideas. And these ideas will make the world a better place. 根据短文内容，选择正确答案。 ( ) 1.Confucius had about _______ students. A.2,000 B.3,000 C.4,000 ( ) 2.The underlined (画线的)word “thinker” means “______” in Chinese. A.科学家 B.哲学家 C.思想家 ( ) 3. People love Confucius today because _________________. A.he had many students B. he was very old C.his ideas are very helpful in our lives ( ) 4.According to Confucius' ideas, _______________ should love each other. A.brothers and sisters B. everyone C.teachers and students ( ) 5.Confucius' ideas are _____________. A.only popular in China B.only popular in other countries in the world C. popular in China and many other countries in the world （四） Susan is a girl. She likes talking online. One day she is walking home. She feels someone is behind her,but she doesn't think too much. In the evening,she doesn't tell her parents.But she tells her online friend,Jack.Jack is also a child. They talk online every Monday. The next day, Susan is in her room when her father calls her. Her father is in the living room and he is unhappy. She doesn't know why. There is a man on the sofa. She doesn't know him. "Do you know me,Susan?" the man asks. "No," Susan answers. "I'm your online friend, Jack. My real name is David,” the man says. Susan says,"It's not true! Jack is 13 and he lives far away!" The man says,"I know I tell you all that, but it is not true.I come here to tell you it's dangerous to give too much information to people online. I'm a father, too. Don't do it again. "I won't,” Susan says."I will tell my friends, too.” 根据短文内容，选择正确答案。 ( ) 1.Susan likes ___________. A. talking to her online friend B.calling her friends C. talking everything with her parents D.playing games ( ) 2. Which one is TRUE about David? A.He is a boy. B. He is a father. C.He tells real information to Susan. D. He is a student. ( ) 3. How does David find Susan's address (地址)? A.He gets it from Susan's talk online. B. He asks Susan's teacher. C.Jack tells him. D.Susan's father tells him. ( ) 4. Where does David meet Susan's father? A.On the computer. B.In the school. C. At Susan's home. D.On the street. ( ) 5.From the story, we can know ____________. A. Susan knows David well B. Susan will not talk online C.it's not right to tell too much personal(个人的) information online D. Susan will make new online friends （五） Today lots of people order takeout(点外卖) on different APPs.And people also ordered takeout in Song Dynasty（宋朝). At that time, people didn't have phones. They couldn't use the Internet. The takeout workers went out and yelled(吆喝) their dishes. People ordered,and the workers took the food to people's houses. Now, takeout workers use e-bikes. But in Song Dynasty, there weren't any bikes. Takeout workers walked to send food. How could they keep food warm? They used a special box. 根据短文内容，选择正确答案。 ( ) 1. Today people use _______ to order takeout. A.APPs B.BDS C.AI ( ) 2. People in Song Dynasty could order takeout because_____________. A. they had phones B. they could use the Internet C.restaurants had takeout workers ( ) 3. In Song Dynasty,takeout workers delivered (递送) food _______. A.on foot B.by bike C.by car ( ) 4. In Song Dynasty, takeout workers _______ to keep food warm. A. walked fast B.used a special box C.rode a bike ( ) 5. We can read this passage in a ________. A.postcard B.dictionary（词典） C.magazine 参考答案 一、完形填空 （一） 答案：1.B 2.C 3.C 4.A 5.C 6.B 7.C 8.C 9.A 10.B 1. B.Lily's 名词所有格，Lily's class 莉莉的班级，后接名词。 2. C.best 副词最高级，speak best 说得最好，为比赛努力练习。 3. C.because 因果连词，老师选她参赛因为她刻苦。 4. A.but 转折，兴奋但是紧张。 5. C.making 固定搭配：be afraid of doing sth 害怕做某事。 6. B.you 妈妈叮嘱：你早点到校准备。 7. C.slowly 副词修饰动词 speak，slowly 大声缓慢地说；slow/fast 是形容词。 8. C.from from Lily's brother 来自哥哥的建议。 9. A.Don't 祈使句否定：Don't do sth 别担心犯错。 10. B.sometimes sometimes 有时；some times 几次；someday 某天，句意：人总会时不时犯错。 （二） 答案：1.C 2.C 3.B 4.B 5.C 6.C 7.A 1. C.the 序数词 first 前必须加 the。 2. C.new 新年代表新生活、新希望，old 旧、bad 坏错误。 3. B.have to 后加动词原形，have a big meal 吃大餐。 4. B. 春节联欢晚会 Spring Festival Gala 固定翻译。 5. C.are programmes 复数，be 动词用 are。 6. C.their 形容词性物主代词，their new clothes 他们的新衣。 7. A.Children 后文 get lucky money，孩子收压岁钱。 （三） 答案：1.C 2.C 3.B 4.A 5.B 6.B 7.C 1. C.aren't 周日父母不上班，parents 复数，aren't at work。 2. C.school 周末不上学 go to school。 3. B.afternoon 原文 In the afternoon 提示。 4. A.go 一般现在时，主语复数用原形 go。 5. B.music 后文 buys new CDs 买唱片→喜欢音乐。 6. B.parents 给父母买礼物。 7. C.us 动词 love 后用人称宾格，父母很爱我们。 （四） 答案：1.A 2.B 3.B 4.A 5.B 6.A 7.A 8.A 1. A.happy 和 angry 生气并列，开心或生气。 2. B.turn turn left/right 固定短语左转右转。 3. B.slow down 跑得快也能减速；sit down 坐下不符合。 4. A.eyes blink eyes 眨眼睛。 5. B.factory worker 工人→在工厂。 6. A.post office postman 邮递员→邮局。 7. A.books read books 读书。 8. A.postcards 新年写明信片。 （五） 答案：1.A 2.B 3.B 4.C 5.A 1. A.street 老人躺在大街上需要帮忙。 2. B.falls fall into river 掉进河里，someone 三单 falls。 3. B.help shout for help 呼救。 4. C.kind 勇敢又善良；naughty 淘气、lucky 幸运不符。 5. A.for ask sb for help 固定搭配：向…… 求助。 二、阅读理解 (一) 答案：1.T 2.F 3.T 4.F 1. T 原文 We can buy things 在手机购物。 2. F 原文 book tickets 可以订票，题目说不能。 3. T Some students use smartphones too much 原文原句。 4. F 原文玩手机太多会焦虑，不是放松。 (二) 答案：1.F 2.T 3.T 4.T 5.T 1. F 惊蛰在春天 spring，不是 summer 夏天。 2. T 原文 bears,snakes,frogs 冬眠过冬。 3. T starts on 5th March 原文原话。 4. T the weather warms up 天气越来越暖和。 5. T 谚语：一年之计在于春。 (三) 答案：1.B 2.C 3.C 4.A 5.C 1. B taught about 3000 students 约 3000 弟子。 2. C thinker 思想家；scientist 科学家，philosopher 哲学家。 3. C his ideas help us 生活有用所以受人喜爱。 4. A brothers and sisters should love each other。 5. C 在中国和多国流行。 (四) 答案：1.A 2.B 3.A 4.C 5.C 1. A She likes talking online 喜欢网聊。 2. B I'm a father，David 是一位父亲。 3. A 从线上聊天获取住址。 4. C 在 Susan 家客厅见面。 5. C 网上不要随意透露个人信息。 (五) 答案：1.A 2.C 3.A 4.B 5.C 1. A order takeout on different APPs 用软件点外卖。 2. C 宋朝有外卖员沿街吆喝接单。 3. A walked to send food 步行送餐 = on foot。 4. B used a special box 保温。 5. C 文章科普小知识，刊登在杂志 magazine。 第 1 页 共 8 页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $