第04 讲 Unit 4 My family（知识全梳理&考点精准练）（暑假预习讲义）新七年级英语新教材冀教版

第04讲 Unit 4 My family （知识全梳理&考点精准练） 内容导航 01 预习航标→ 析目标·明方向：预习导航精准定向 02 教材全解 → 析教材·学新知：情境概念深度构 考点精讲：聚焦常考要点，讲清逻辑 例题精析：典型题目带路，学会解题思路 即练固基：趁热打铁练一练，巩固刚学内容 03过关检测 → 练考点·强落实：过关检测分层提 关键词 学习目标导航 学习目标 1. 能识别并朗读与家庭成员、家庭住址、家人职业、日常活动相关的核心词汇。 2. 能理解介绍家人、询问职业、描述家庭日常的核心句型，如：Who’s he/she? What does your father do? Where does your family live? 3. 能在对话和短文中抓取家庭成员构成、家人工作、居家生活等关键信息，正确使用名词、动词描述家人情况。 4. 能设计 “家庭小名片” 介绍自家成员，通过小组对话分享家庭日常，完成简短家庭主题口语汇报。 学习重点 1.掌握询问家人身份、谈论职业、介绍家庭住处的核心句型及情景应答。 2. 正确运用家庭成员类名词（father, cousin, uncle, aunt 等）、职业类名词，掌握名词在句子与语境中的运用 。 学习难点 1.连贯介绍整个家庭，条理整合家庭成员、职业、爱好与居家生活相关信息。 2. 在真实语境中区分句型 What’s sb like? / What does sb do? / What does sb look like? 的用法差异，熟练使用一般现在时介绍家人日常。 1. She is always ready to help people in need. 【详解】ready形容词，意为“准备好的，乐意的” 固定搭配： （1）be ready to do sth 准备好去做某事；乐意做某事 （状态：准备好了） 例：She is ready to help others. （她乐于助人 / 她准备好帮忙了。） （2）be ready for + 名词 为…… 做好准备 （状态：准备好了） 例We are ready for the picnic. （我们为野餐做好准备了。） （3）get ready for sth 为…… 做准备（动作） 例：We get ready for class. （我们准备上课。） （4）get ready to do sth 准备去做某事（动作：着手准备） 例：They get ready to go out. 他们准备出门。 词义区分 be ready（状态：准备好了） get ready（动作：着手准备） 【典例】1. She is ready ______ help old people. A. for B. to C. at 【答案】B 【解析】句意：她乐于助人。本题考查固定搭配 be ready to do sth，to 后面接动词原形，故选 B。 【典例】2. All the students are ready ______ the English party. A. to B. for C. with 【答案】B 【解析】句意：所有学生都为英语晚会做好了准备。本题考查 be ready for + 名词，for 后搭配名词，故选 B。 【典例】3. They get ready ______ visit their grandparents. A. to B. for C. doing 【答案】A 【解析】句意：他们准备动身去看望祖父母。本题考查 get ready to do sth，不定式 to 加动词原形，故选 A。 【典例】4. Mum is getting ready ______ our big family dinner. A. to B. for C. at 【答案】B 【解析】句意：妈妈正在为丰盛的家宴做准备。本题考查 get ready for + 名词，故选 B。 【即练1】 We are ready ______ start our picnic. A. to B. for C. of 【即练2】My brother is ready ______ his final exam. A. for B. to C. on 【即练3】Let’s get ready ______ play football after class. A. for B. to C. in 【即练4】We get ready ______ the coming school trip. A. for B. to C. do 2.She is always ready to help people in need. 【详解】 （1）help 动词，意为“帮助” ① help sb. (to) do sth 帮助某人做某事（to 可省略） 例：I help my mom (to) clean rooms. （我帮妈妈打扫房间。） ② help sb. with sth 在某方面帮助某人，with + 名词 例：He helps me with English. （他在英语方面帮助我。） ③help oneself to… 随便吃 / 自取…… 例：Help yourself to some fruit. （随便吃点水果吧。） ④ can’t help doing sth 情不自禁做某事 例：I can't help laughing. （我情不自禁笑了。） ⑤ help out 帮忙，解围 例：She helps out when we are busy. （我们忙碌时她过来帮忙解围。） （2）help 名词，意为“帮助” with one’s help = with the help of sb 在某人的帮助下 例：With his help, I finish homework. （在他的帮助下，我完成了作业。） 【典例】1. I often help my sister ______ her clothes. A. wash B. with wash C. to washing 【答案】A 【解析】句意：我经常帮妹妹洗衣服。本题考查 help sb (to) do sth，后跟动词原形，故选 A。 【典例】2. My father helps me ______ my maths every evening. A. learn B. with C. to 【答案】B 【解析】句意：爸爸每晚辅导我的数学。本题考查 help sb with + 名词，故选 B。 【典例】3.Help ______ to some apples, boys. A. you B. yourselves C. yourself 【答案】B 【解析】句意：孩子们，随便吃苹果。本题考查 help oneself to，boys 是复数，反身代词用 yourselves，故选 B。 【典例】4. The movie is funny. I can’t help ______. A. laugh B. laughing C. to laugh 【答案】B 【解析】句意：电影很有趣，我忍不住大笑。本题考查 can't help doing sth，后接动名词，故选 B。 【典例】5. When we are busy, my cousin often ______. A. helps out B. helps with C. helps to 【答案】A 【解析】句意：我们忙碌的时候，表哥常来帮忙。本题考查短语 help out（帮忙），故选 A。 【典例】6. ______ the help of Mary, I pass the exam. A. Under B. With C. For 【答案】B 【解析】句意：在玛丽的帮助下，我通过了考试。本题考查 with the help of 固定搭配，故选 B。 【即练1】 Could you help me ______ carry the box? A. for B. to C. with 【即练2】She helps Tom ______ his Chinese. A. with B. do C. to learn 【即练3】Help ______ to some bread, Lily. A. yourself B. your C. you 【即练4】She can’t help ______ when she hears the sad news. A. crying B. cry C. to cry 【即练5】I ______ in the shop on weekends.A. help out B. help do C. help with 【即练6】______ his help, I finish my work quickly. A. With B. On C. At 3.She is always ready to help people in need. 【详解】 （1） need 实义动词，意为“需要”（有人称、时态变化） 常用短语 1 need sth 需要某物 例：I need a pen. （我需要一支钢笔。） 2 need to do sth 需要去做某事（主语是人） 例：She needs to go home. （ 她需要回家。） （2） 情态动词（只用否定、疑问，多用于否定句） 否定：needn’t + 动词原形 = don’t have to 不必 例：You needn’t get up early. = You don’t have to get up early. （你不必早起。） 疑问：Need I…? 肯定回答—Yes, 主语+ must 否定回答—No, 主语+ needn’t/ don’t have to . 例：Need I finish now? 我需要现在做完吗？ （3）固定短语： in need 在危难中；穷困的 例1：We help people in need. （我们帮助有困难的人。） 例2. We give food to kids in need. （我们给贫困的孩子送去食物。） 【典例】1. I need ______ new pencil for class. A. a B. buy C. buying 【答案】A 【解析】句意：上课我需要一支新铅笔。本题考查 need sth（need 后直接接名词作宾语），故选 A。 【典例】2. They need ______ finish their homework first. A. to B. / C. doing 【答案】A 【解析】句意：他们需要先完成作业。本题考查 need to do sth 固定搭配，to 后接动词原形，故选 A。 【典例】3. You ______ take your umbrella. It won’t rain. A. needn’t to B. needn’t C. don’t need 【答案】B 【解析】句意：你不必带雨伞，不会下雨。本题考查情态动词 needn’t + 动词原形，不加 to，故选 B。 【典例】4. —Need I open the window? —Yes, you ______. A. need B. need to C. to need 【答案】A 【解析】句意：— 我需要开窗吗？— 是的，需要。本题考查情态动词 Need 引导的疑问句，肯定回答用 need，故选 A。 【典例】5. We always help people ______. A. in need B. need C. to need 【答案】A 【解析】句意：我们经常帮助困难的人。本题考查固定短语 in need，作后置定语，故选 A。 【即练1】She needs ______ some fruit for dinner. A. buy B. / C. to buying 【即练2】My dad needs ______ go to work early tomorrow. A.go B. to go C. going 【即练3】We ______ get up early on weekends. A. needn’t B. needn’t to C. doesn’t need 【即练4】—Need she clean the room now? —No, she ______. A. needn’t B. doesn’t need C. needn’t to 【即练5】The school gives books to children ______. A. need B. in need C. needing 4.We are going on a picnic. 【详解】picnic 名词，意为“野餐” have a picnic = go for a picnic =go on a picnic去野餐 例：We have a picnic on Sunday.（ 我们周日去野餐。） 【典例】1. We want to ______ a picnic next Sunday. A. have B. go C. for 【答案】A 【解析】句意：下周日我们想要去野餐。本题考查固定搭配 have a picnic，want to 后接动词原形，故选 A。 【典例】2. They often ______ a picnic in the mountains in spring. A. go B. have C. do 【答案】B 【解析】句意：春天他们常在山里野餐。本题考查 have a picnic 固定短语，故选 B。 【典例】3. My family will go ______ a picnic this Saturday. A. have B. for C. to 【答案】B 【解析】句意：我们一家这周六要去野餐。本题考查 go for a picnic 固定搭配，故选 B。 【即练1】Would you like to go ______ a picnic with us? A. for B. on C. have 【即练2】We plan to go ______ a picnic by the river. A. in B. on C. at 【即练3】Some classmates go ______ a picnic every fine holiday. A. on B. for C. have 5.He wants to steal it. 【详解】steal 动词，意为“偷，窃取” 过去式：stole 核心搭配 （1）steal sth from sb/sp 从某人 / 某地偷走某物 例：He stole a bike from the shop. （他从店里偷了一辆自行车。） （2）steal sth 偷走某物 例：Don't steal things. （不要偷窃物品。） 【典例】1. The thief stole a bag ______ the old man. A. from B. of C. for 【答案】A 【解析】句意：小偷偷了老人的包。考查 steal sth from sb 固定搭配，故选 A。 【典例】2. He ______ a book yesterday. A. steal B. stole C. stolen 【答案】B 【解析】句意：他昨天偷了一本书。yesterday 为过去时，steal 过去式 stole，故选 B。 【即练1】 They stole fruit ______ the farm. A. from B. with C. at 【即练2】Someone ______ my watch just now. A. steals B. stole C. steal 6.At the end of the evening, my grandma opens my gifts. （1）end 名词，意为“末尾；尽头” 必考短语 1 at the end of ...... 在......末， 在......尽头 例1：The trip finishes at the end of August. （这次旅行在八月末结束。） 例2：There is a tall tree at the end of the road. （在这条路的尽头有一棵大树。） 2 in the end = finally 最后，终于（不加 of） 例：In the end, we have a wonderful family dinner. （最后，我们享用了一顿温馨的家宴。） （2）end 动词，意为“结束，终止” （不及物动词） 例：The party ends at nine. （晚会九点结束。） （3）end 动词，意为“结束，终止” （及物动词） 例：We end our dinner happily. （我们愉快地结束晚餐。） 【典例】1. There is a small park ____ the end of this street. A. in B. at C. by 【答案】B 【解析】句意：在这条街的尽头有一座小公园。本题考查 at the end of 后接地点，表示在…… 尽头；by the end of 不接地点，in 不能搭配 the end of，故选 B。 【典例】 2. He tried lots of different ideas, ____ he found a good way. A. at the end B. in the end C. by the end 【答案】B 【解析】句意：他试了很多不同办法，最后找到了好方法。本题考查 in the end 单独使用，表最后；at the end、by the end 必须搭配 of，不能单独用，故选 B。 【即练1】We will have a big party ____ the end of this month. A. at B. in C. on 【即练2】____, all the family members got together and enjoyed the dinner. A. In the end B. At the end C. By the end 7.We wish you good health. 【详解】 （1）wish动词，意为“希望；祝愿” 必考考点： 1 wish sb. sth. 祝愿某人……（后接名词） 例： I wish you good luck. （祝你好运。） 2 wish to do sth. 想要 / 希望去做某事（不能 wish doing） 例：She wishes to visit Beijing. （她想去北京。） 3 wish sb. to do sth. 希望某人做某事 例：My parents wish me to study hard. （父母希望我努力学习。） 4 wish + 从句（难以实现的愿望，虚拟语气） 从句动词用过去式，表不可能实现，be 用were. 例：I wish I were a bird. （我希望我是一只小鸟。） （2）名词，意为“愿望”, 可数名词， 固定短语make a wish 许愿 例：I want to make a wish on my birthday. （我想在生日这天许愿。） 【典例】1. I wish you ______ all the time. A. happiness B. happy C. happily D. to happy 【答案】A 【解析】句意：我祝你永远开心。本题考查固定搭配 wish sb. sth，空处需填名词；happiness 为名词，happy 是形容词，happily 是副词，故选 A。 【典例】2. Lily wishes ______ to the zoo with her sister. A. go B. to go C. going D. goes 【答案】B 【解析】句意：莉莉希望和姐姐去动物园。本题考查固定结构 wish to do sth，wish 后只能接不定式作宾语，故选 B。 【典例】3. Parents always wish their kids ______ hard at school. A. study B. to study C. studying D. studies 【答案】B 【解析】句意：父母总希望孩子在校努力学习。本题考查 wish sb. to do sth 固定搭配，不定式作宾语补足语，故选 B。 【典例】4. I wish I ______ a little fish and could swim in the river. A. am B. is C. were D. be 【答案】C 【解析】句意：我希望自己是一条小鱼，能在河里游泳。本题考查 wish 引导虚拟从句，与现在事实相反，be 动词统一用 were，故选 C。 【典例】5. Close your eyes and ______ before blowing out birthday candles. A. make a wish B. makes a wish C. making a wish D. to make a wish 【答案】A 【解析】句意：吹生日蜡烛前闭上眼睛许个愿。本题考查祈使句，and 并列前后均用动词原形，故选 A。 【即练1】We wish our friends ______ a wonderful holiday. A. have B. having C. / D. to have 【即练2】My father wishes ______ a new bike for me. A. buy B. buying C. to buy D. buys 【即练3】I wish you ______ a good sleep every night. A.have B. having C. to have D. had 【即练4】 He wishes he ______ more free time on weekends. A. has B. had C. have D. having 【即练5】The little kid wants ______ at his birthday party. A. make a wish B. to make a wish C. makes a wish D. making a wish 8.We wish you good health. （1）health名词，意为“健康” 1 be in good health 身体健康，身体好 例：My grandparents are in good health. （我的祖父母身体健康。） ②be in bad/poor health 身体不健康，身体不好 例：The old lady was in poor health last year. （这位老太太去年身体很差。） ③ keep in good health 保持健康 例：Eating healthy food helps us keep in good health. （吃健康食物帮我们保持身体健康。） （2）healthy 形容词，意为 “健康的” 用法：修饰名词，或放在 be 动词、系动词后 keep healthy 保持健康 例：We do sports every day to keep healthy. （我们每天运动来保持健康。） 【典例】1. My grandpa exercises every day, so he is ____. A. in good health B. good health C. healthy health 【答案】A 【解析】句意：我爷爷每天锻炼，所以他身体健康。本题考查固定短语 be in good health，表示身体健康，故选 A。 【典例】2. We should take exercise every day to ____. A. keep healthy B. keep health C. keep in healthy 【答案】 A 【解析】句意：我们应该每天锻炼身体来保持健康。本题考查固定搭配keep healthy 保持健康，故选 A。 【典例】3. ____ is important for all the old people. A. Keep in good health B. Keeping in good health C. Keeping in health 【答案】 B 【解析】句意：保持身体健康对所有老年人很重要。本题考查动名词作主语，正确固定搭配是 keep in good health，缺少 good 的 keeping in health 为错误短语，动词原形不能直接作主语，故选 B。 【即练1】All my family members are ____ after eating healthy food. A. keep healthy B. in good health C. in good healthy 【即练2】Eating lots of fruit can help children ____. A. keep healthy B. in good health C. keep health 【即练3】To ____, many old people take a walk after dinner. A. keep in good health B. keep in health C. keep good health 9.He is always busy. 【详解】busy形容词，意为“忙碌的” 三个必考搭配 （1）be busy with sth 忙于某事（+ 名词） 例：I am busy with my homework. （我忙着写作业。） （2）be busy(in) doing sth 忙于做某事（+ 动词 ing） 例：She is busy(in) cleaning the room.她忙着打扫房间。 (3) be too busy to do sth 太忙而不能做某事 例：I am too busy to watch TV. （我太忙了，不能看电视。） 【典例】1. My sister is busy ______ her math homework now. A. do B. doing C. with D. to do 【答案】C 【解析】句意：我的姐姐现在忙着做数学作业。本题考查固定搭配 be busy with sth，后接名词，故选 C。 【典例】2. Tom is busy ______ his bedroom on weekends. A. clean B. to clean C. cleaning D. cleans 【答案】C 【解析】句意：汤姆周末忙着打扫卧室。本题考查固定搭配 be busy doing sth，后面接动词 - ing 形式，故选 C。 【典例】3. I’m too busy ______ to the cinema with you. A. go B. going C. to go D. goes 【答案】C 【解析】句意：我太忙了，不能和你去看电影。本题考查 too…to… 固定结构 too busy to do sth，故选 C。 【即练1】They are busy ______ the coming school sports meeting. A. with B. at C. do D. doing 【即练2】 The students are busy ______ their English papers. A. write B. writing C. to write D. writes 【即练3】She is too busy ______ a walk after supper. A. take B. to take C. taking D. takes 10.We all love to spend time together. 【详解】 （1） spend 动词，意为”花费时间”，必须用sb 做主语 ①固定短语 ：某人做某事花了......时间 sb spend + time (in) doing sth sb spend + time on sth 例1：I spend two hours on my homework. （我花两小时写作业。） 例2：She spends one hour in reading English every morning. （她每天早上花一小时读英语。） ②同义短语 ： It takes sb + time to do sth ,主语必须是it 例：It takes me 30 minutes to walk to school. （走路去上学要花我 30 分钟。） (1) spend动词，意为“度过时间” 例：We will spend the summer holiday in the countryside. （我们将在乡下度过暑假。） （2） spend 动词，意为“花费金钱”，主语必须为sb ①固定短语：某人买某物花了......钱 sb spend + money (in) buying sth sb spend +money on sth 例1：I spend fifty yuan in buying this notebook. （我花五十元买了这本笔记本。） 例2：My sister spends much money on clothes. （我姐姐在衣服上花很多钱。） ② 同义短语： sth cost sb + money (主语必须为sth) sb buy sth for +sth (主语必须为sb ) sb pay +money for + sth （主语必须为sb) 例1：The bike costs me 200 yuan. （这辆自行车花了我 200 元。） 例2：I paid 50 yuan for the pen. （我花 50 元买了这支笔。） 例3：I buy a gift for 10yuan . （我花了10元买了一份礼物。） 【典例】1. He often spends two hours ______ his homework every day. A. do B. doing C. to do D. does 【答案】B 【解析】句意：他每天经常花两个小时做他的家庭作业。考查动词spend的用法， 表示 “花费时间 / 金钱”，主语必须是人。常用结构为 spend + 时间 + (in) doing sth，in 可以省略，后面需要接动名词形式，因此此处用 doing，故选B。 【典例】2. My mother spends lots of money ______ vegetables. A. on B. in C. at D. for 【答案】A 【解析】句意：我妈妈在蔬菜上花了很多钱。解析：spend 有两个常用搭配，spend + 金钱 + on sth 表示 “在某物上花钱”；spend + 金钱 + (in) doing sth 表示 “花钱做某事”。本题后面直接接名词 vegetables，所以用介词 on，故选A。 【典例】3.It ______ us an hour to get to the park by bus. A. spends B. costs C. takes D. pays 【答案】C 【解析】句意：我们坐公交车去公园要花费一小时 。考查动词辨析，spend：主语只能是人，搭配 spend time/money on sth / (in) doing sth，本句主语是 It； cost：主语只能是物品，仅用来表达某物花费多少钱，不能用来描述花费时间；pay：主语为人，固定搭配 pay+money for sth（为某物付款），和时间表达无关； • take：专门用于花费时间，固定句型 It takes sb. + 时长 + to do sth。句中 it 是形式主语，真正主语是后面的 to get to the park，完全符合这个固定句式，故选C。 【即练1】My sister spends two hours ______ English every day. A. read B. reading C. to read D. reads 【即练2】Tom often spends much money ______ his model cars. A. in B. on C. for D. at 【即练3】______ me forty minutes to walk to school every morning. A. It takes B. I take C. It spends D. I spend 11.Most family names date back to ancient times. （1）date back + 时间段， 追溯（距今…… 时间）” 例：This old custom dates back hundreds of years. （这个古老习俗距今有数百年之久。） （2）date back to + 时间点 = date from + 时间点 追溯到某个具体年代 / 日期 例：This custom dates back to the Song Dynasty.= This custom dates from the Song Dynasty. （这个习俗起源于宋朝。） 核心必考规则（重难点） （1）只用一般现在时，无被动语态，哪怕句子是讲述古时候的事物，谓语仍用原形 / 三单，不能用过去式（2）主语多为：建筑、风俗、节日、文物、传统。 【典例】1. The old temple ____ over 800 years. A. dates back B. dates back to C. dated from D. is dated back 【答案】A 【解析】句意：这座古庙距今 800 多年。空后是时间段，用 date back；短语无被动，时态用一般现在时，主语单数用 dates，故选 A。 【典例】 2. This festival ____ the Tang Dynasty. A. dates back B. dates back to C. date from D. is dated to 【答案】B 【解析】句意：这个节日始于唐朝。后接具体朝代（时间点），用 date back to=date from；主语三单，故选 B。 【典例】3. The history ____ to the Ming Dynasty. A. date back B. dates back C. dates D. dated 【答案】 B解析句意：这段历史追溯到明朝。空后 to + 时间点，固定搭配 date back to，主语单数用 dates，故选 B。 【即练1】The tradition ____ more than one thousand years. A. date back to B. dates back C. dated from D. is dated 【即练2】The old building ____ 1920. A. dates back B. dates from C. dated back D. is dated from 【即练3】 The folk art ____ the early 1800s. A. dates from B. dates back C. is dated from D. dated back 一、根据首字母及汉语提示写出单词正确形式。 1. She is always r__________（乐意的）to help classmates with their study. 2. We need some food for our p_________（野餐）this weekend. 3.Doing sports every day keeps us h__________（健康的）. 4.My parents often s__________（花费）one hour walking after dinner. 5.This old custom d_________（追溯）back to hundreds of years ago. 二、单项选择。 1.All students get ready ____ the coming English test. A. to B. for C. at 2.Could you help me ____ my English after school? A. with B. learn to C. to learning 3.—Must I clean the floor now? —No, you ____. A. needn’t B. can’t C. mustn’t 4.My uncle is too busy ____ fishing with us this Sunday. A. go B. to go C. going 5.It takes Linda half an hour ____ books every evening. A. read B. to read C. reading 三、用所给词的适当形式填空。 1. I wish you ________ (happy) every day. 2. She is busy __________ (prepare) for her birthday party. 3. My brother spends much time _________ (play) basketball. 4.Keep __________ (health) by eating more fruit and vegetables. 5. The old house _________ (date) back to the 19th century. 四、 完成句子（每空一词 ）。 1.我们想要在国庆节去野餐。 We want to ________ ________ ________ on National Day. 2.在莉莉的帮助下，我完成了手工制作。________ ________ ________ of Lily, I finish the handwork. 3.他不必每天早起。 He _________ __________ get up early every day. 4.妈妈忙着做家务，没时间出门。 Mom is ________ _________ housework and has no time to go out. 5.我希望我的爷爷奶奶身体健康。 I wish my grandparents _________ _________ __________. 5、 阅读理解。 My name is Jeff. I’m a Grade Seven student. There are five people in my family: my grandpa, my parents, my little sister and me. My grandpa doesn’t work now. He likes to grow vegetables in the small garden behind our house.My father works in a police station. He is very busy on workdays. My mother works in a community shop. She is always ready to help people around her. After dinner, she often helps my sister and me with our English homework.When the weather is fine on weekends, our family usually drive to the lake and have a picnic. We prepare fruit, bread and drinks. I love my warm family very much. ( ) 1. How many people are there in Jeff’s family? A. Four B. Five C. Six D. Seven ( ) 2. What does Jeff’s grandpa like doing? A. Growing vegetables B. Selling fruit C. Teaching English D. Working in a shop ( ) 3. Where does Jeff’s father work? A. In a school B. In a hospital C. In a police station D. In a shop ( ) 4. When does Jeff’s mother help the kids with homework? A. Before breakfast B. After dinner C. On Monday morning D. At noon ( ) 5.Where do they have a picnic on fine weekends? A. In the garden B. Near the lake C. In the shop D. At school 六、 完形填空。 Hello, I’m Lucy. Let me tell you 1______ my family. There are three people in my family.My mother is kind. She is busy 2_______ housework every day, but she is ready 3_______ help me with my study when I have problems. My father is a cook. He is never too busy 4_______ play with me on holidays.I don’t have brothers 5 ______sisters. My parents always wish me 6________ a happy life every day. In my free time, I often help my mom 7______ housework at home.At the end of every month, we will 8_______ a picnic in the city park. We enjoy 9________ together with our family. Family love makes our life warm and 10________. I feel lucky to have such a nice family. ( ) 1.A. about B. for C. at D. with ( ) 2.A. do B. doing C. to do D. does ( ) 3.A. for B. to C. with D. in ( ) 4.A. to B. for C. with D. on ( ) 5.A. and B. but C. or D. so ( ) 6.A. live B. to live C. living D. lives ( ) 7.A. with B. for C. of D. on ( ) 8.A. take B. make C. have D. get ( ) 9.A. stay B. staying C. to stay D. stays ( ) 10.A. boring B. happy C. difficult D. busy 18 / 18 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 第04讲 Unit 4 My family （知识全梳理&考点精准练） 内容导航 01 预习航标→ 析目标·明方向：预习导航精准定向 02 教材全解 → 析教材·学新知：情境概念深度构 考点精讲：聚焦常考要点，讲清逻辑 例题精析：典型题目带路，学会解题思路 即练固基：趁热打铁练一练，巩固刚学内容 03过关检测 → 练考点·强落实：过关检测分层提 关键词 学习目标导航 学习目标 1. 能识别并朗读与家庭成员、家庭住址、家人职业、日常活动相关的核心词汇。 2. 能理解介绍家人、询问职业、描述家庭日常的核心句型，如：Who’s he/she? What does your father do? Where does your family live? 3. 能在对话和短文中抓取家庭成员构成、家人工作、居家生活等关键信息，正确使用名词、动词描述家人情况。 4. 能设计 “家庭小名片” 介绍自家成员，通过小组对话分享家庭日常，完成简短家庭主题口语汇报。 学习重点 1. 掌握询问家人身份、谈论职业、介绍家庭住处的核心句型及情景应答。 2. 正确运用家庭成员类名词（father, cousin, uncle, aunt 等）、职业类名词，掌握名词在句子与语境中的运用 。 学习难点 1. 连贯介绍整个家庭，条理整合家庭成员、职业、爱好与居家生活相关信息。 2. 在真实语境中区分句型 What’s sb like? / What does sb do? / What does sb look like? 的用法差异，熟练使用一般现在时介绍家人日常。 1. She is always ready to help people in need. 【详解】ready形容词，意为“准备好的，乐意的” 固定搭配： （1）be ready to do sth 准备好去做某事；乐意做某事 （状态：准备好了） 例：She is ready to help others. （她乐于助人 / 她准备好帮忙了。） （2）be ready for + 名词 为…… 做好准备 （状态：准备好了） 例We are ready for the picnic. （我们为野餐做好准备了。） （3）get ready for sth 为…… 做准备（动作） 例：We get ready for class. （我们准备上课。） （4）get ready to do sth 准备去做某事（动作：着手准备） 例：They get ready to go out. 他们准备出门。 词义区分 be ready（状态：准备好了） get ready（动作：着手准备） 【典例】1. She is ready ______ help old people. A. for B. to C. at 【答案】B 【解析】句意：她乐于助人。本题考查固定搭配 be ready to do sth，to 后面接动词原形，故选 B。 【典例】2. All the students are ready ______ the English party. A. to B. for C. with 【答案】B 【解析】句意：所有学生都为英语晚会做好了准备。本题考查 be ready for + 名词，for 后搭配名词，故选 B。 【典例】3. They get ready ______ visit their grandparents. A. to B. for C. doing 【答案】A 【解析】句意：他们准备动身去看望祖父母。本题考查 get ready to do sth，不定式 to 加动词原形，故选 A。 【典例】4. Mum is getting ready ______ our big family dinner. A. to B. for C. at 【答案】B 【解析】句意：妈妈正在为丰盛的家宴做准备。本题考查 get ready for + 名词，故选 B。 【即练1】 We are ready ______ start our picnic. A. to B. for C. of 【答案】A 【解析】句意：我们准备开始野餐了。本题考查 be ready to do 不定式结构，后跟动词原形，故选 A。 【即练2】My brother is ready ______ his final exam. A. for B. to C. on 【答案】A 【解析】句意：弟弟为期末考试做好准备。本题考查 be ready for sth 固定用法，后跟名词，故选 A。 【即练3】Let’s get ready ______ play football after class. A. for B. to C. in 【答案】B 【解析】句意：我们准备课后去踢足球。本题考查 get ready to do 固定搭配，故选 B。 【即练4】We get ready ______ the coming school trip. A. for B. to C. do 【答案】A 【解析】句意：我们在为即将到来的学校旅行做准备。本题考查 get ready for sth 短语，后面接名词，故选 A。 2.She is always ready to help people in need. 【详解】 （1）help 动词，意为“帮助” ① help sb. (to) do sth 帮助某人做某事（to 可省略） 例：I help my mom (to) clean rooms. （我帮妈妈打扫房间。） ② help sb. with sth 在某方面帮助某人，with + 名词 例：He helps me with English. （他在英语方面帮助我。） ③help oneself to… 随便吃 / 自取…… 例：Help yourself to some fruit. （随便吃点水果吧。） ④ can’t help doing sth 情不自禁做某事 例：I can't help laughing. （我情不自禁笑了。） ⑤ help out 帮忙，解围 例：She helps out when we are busy. （我们忙碌时她过来帮忙解围。） （2）help 名词，意为“帮助” with one’s help = with the help of sb 在某人的帮助下 例：With his help, I finish homework. （在他的帮助下，我完成了作业。） 【典例】1. I often help my sister ______ her clothes. A. wash B. with wash C. to washing 【答案】A 【解析】句意：我经常帮妹妹洗衣服。本题考查 help sb (to) do sth，后跟动词原形，故选 A。 【典例】2. My father helps me ______ my maths every evening. A. learn B. with C. to 【答案】B 【解析】句意：爸爸每晚辅导我的数学。本题考查 help sb with + 名词，故选 B。 【典例】3.Help ______ to some apples, boys. A. you B. yourselves C. yourself 【答案】B 【解析】句意：孩子们，随便吃苹果。本题考查 help oneself to，boys 是复数，反身代词用 yourselves，故选 B。 【典例】4. The movie is funny. I can’t help ______. A. laugh B. laughing C. to laugh 【答案】B 【解析】句意：电影很有趣，我忍不住大笑。本题考查 can't help doing sth，后接动名词，故选 B。 【典例】5. When we are busy, my cousin often ______. A. helps out B. helps with C. helps to 【答案】A 【解析】句意：我们忙碌的时候，表哥常来帮忙。本题考查短语 help out（帮忙），故选 A。 【典例】6. ______ the help of Mary, I pass the exam. A. Under B. With C. For 【答案】B 【解析】句意：在玛丽的帮助下，我通过了考试。本题考查 with the help of 固定搭配，故选 B。 【即练1】 Could you help me ______ carry the box? A. for B. to C. with 【答案】B 【解析】句意：你能帮我搬箱子吗？本题考查 help sb to do 结构，to 加动词原形，故选 B。 【即练2】She helps Tom ______ his Chinese. A. with B. do C. to learn 【答案】A 【解析】句意：她帮汤姆补习语文。本题考查 help sb with sth 固定搭配，后接科目名词，故选 A。 【即练3】Help ______ to some bread, Lily. A. yourself B. your C. you 【答案】A 【解析】句意：莉莉，随便吃点面包。本题考查 help oneself to，单人用 yourself，故选 A。 【即练4】She can’t help ______ when she hears the sad news. A. crying B. cry C. to cry 【答案】A 【解析】句意：听到坏消息，她忍不住哭了。本题考查 can't help doing 固定用法，故选 A。 【即练5】I ______ in the shop on weekends.A. help out B. help do C. help with 【答案】A 【解析】句意：我周末在店里帮忙干活。本题考查 help out 不及物短语，单独使用，故选 A。 【即练6】______ his help, I finish my work quickly. A. With B. On C. At 【答案】A 【解析】句意：在他的帮助下，我很快完成了工作。本题考查 with one's help 短语，故选 A。 3.She is always ready to help people in need. 【详解】 （1） need 实义动词，意为“需要”（有人称、时态变化） 常用短语 1 need sth 需要某物 例：I need a pen. （我需要一支钢笔。） 2 need to do sth 需要去做某事（主语是人） 例：She needs to go home. （ 她需要回家。） （2） 情态动词（只用否定、疑问，多用于否定句） 否定：needn’t + 动词原形 = don’t have to 不必 例：You needn’t get up early. = You don’t have to get up early. （你不必早起。） 疑问：Need I…? 肯定回答—Yes, 主语+ must 否定回答—No, 主语+ needn’t/ don’t have to . 例：Need I finish now? 我需要现在做完吗？ （3）固定短语： in need 在危难中；穷困的 例1：We help people in need. （我们帮助有困难的人。） 例2. We give food to kids in need. （我们给贫困的孩子送去食物。） 【典例】1. I need ______ new pencil for class. A. a B. buy C. buying 【答案】A 【解析】句意：上课我需要一支新铅笔。本题考查 need sth（need 后直接接名词作宾语），故选 A。 【典例】2. They need ______ finish their homework first. A. to B. / C. doing 【答案】A 【解析】句意：他们需要先完成作业。本题考查 need to do sth 固定搭配，to 后接动词原形，故选 A。 【典例】3. You ______ take your umbrella. It won’t rain. A. needn’t to B. needn’t C. don’t need 【答案】B 【解析】句意：你不必带雨伞，不会下雨。本题考查情态动词 needn’t + 动词原形，不加 to，故选 B。 【典例】4. —Need I open the window? —Yes, you ______. A. need B. need to C. to need 【答案】A 【解析】句意：— 我需要开窗吗？— 是的，需要。本题考查情态动词 Need 引导的疑问句，肯定回答用 need，故选 A。 【典例】5. We always help people ______. A. in need B. need C. to need 【答案】A 【解析】句意：我们经常帮助困难的人。本题考查固定短语 in need，作后置定语，故选 A。 【即练1】She needs ______ some fruit for dinner. A. buy B. / C. to buying 【答案】B 【解析】句意：她晚饭需要一些水果。本题考查 need sth 固定结构，need 后直接加名词 some fruit，无需加不定式，故选 B。 【即练2】My dad needs ______ go to work early tomorrow. A. go B. to go C. going 【答案】B 【解析】句意：我爸爸明天需要早起上班。本题考查主语为人时，need 后接不定式 to do，故选 B。 【即练3】We ______ get up early on weekends. A. needn’t B. needn’t to C. doesn’t need 【答案】A 【解析】句意：周末我们不必早起。本题考查 need 作情态动词，否定形式 needn’t 后跟动词原形，故选 A。 【即练4】—Need she clean the room now? —No, she ______. A. needn’t B. doesn’t need C. needn’t to 【答案】A 【解析】句意：— 她现在需要打扫房间吗？— 不用。本题考查情态动词 Need 问句否定答语用 needn’t，故选 A。 【即练5】The school gives books to children ______. A. need B. in need C. needing 【答案】B 【解析】句意：这所学校给贫困孩子捐赠书籍。本题考查固定搭配 in need，表示处在困境中，故选 B。 4.We are going on a picnic. 【详解】picnic 名词，意为“野餐” have a picnic = go for a picnic =go on a picnic去野餐 例：We have a picnic on Sunday.（ 我们周日去野餐。） 【典例】1. We want to ______ a picnic next Sunday. A. have B. go C. for 【答案】A 【解析】句意：下周日我们想要去野餐。本题考查固定搭配 have a picnic，want to 后接动词原形，故选 A。 【典例】2. They often ______ a picnic in the mountains in spring. A. go B. have C. do 【答案】B 【解析】句意：春天他们常在山里野餐。本题考查 have a picnic 固定短语，故选 B。 【典例】3. My family will go ______ a picnic this Saturday. A. have B. for C. to 【答案】B 【解析】句意：我们一家这周六要去野餐。本题考查 go for a picnic 固定搭配，故选 B。 【即练1】Would you like to go ______ a picnic with us? A. for B. on C. have 【答案】A 【解析】句意：你愿意和我们一起去野餐吗？本题考查 go for a picnic，故选 A。 【即练2】We plan to go ______ a picnic by the river. A. in B. on C. at 【答案】B 【解析】句意：我们计划去河边野餐。本题考查 go on a picnic 固定短语，故选 B。 【即练3】Some classmates go ______ a picnic every fine holiday. A. on B. for C. have 【答案】A 【解析】句意：每逢晴朗假期，一些同学就去野餐。本题考查 go on a picnic，故选 A。 5.He wants to steal it. 【详解】steal 动词，意为“偷，窃取” 过去式：stole 核心搭配 （1）steal sth from sb/sp 从某人 / 某地偷走某物 例：He stole a bike from the shop. （他从店里偷了一辆自行车。） （2）steal sth 偷走某物 例：Don't steal things. （不要偷窃物品。） 【典例】1. The thief stole a bag ______ the old man. A. from B. of C. for 【答案】A 【解析】句意：小偷偷了老人的包。考查 steal sth from sb 固定搭配，故选 A。 【典例】2. He ______ a book yesterday. A. steal B. stole C. stolen 【答案】B 【解析】句意：他昨天偷了一本书。yesterday 为过去时，steal 过去式 stole，故选 B。 【即练1】 They stole fruit ______ the farm. A. from B. with C. at 【答案】A 【解析】句意：他们从农场偷了水果。steal sth from + 地点，故选 A。 【即练2】Someone ______ my watch just now. A. steals B. stole C. steal 【答案】B 【解析】句意：刚才有人偷走了我的手表。just now 过去时间，用过去式 stole，故选 B。 6.At the end of the evening, my grandma opens my gifts. （1）end 名词，意为“末尾；尽头” 必考短语 1 at the end of ...... 在......末， 在......尽头 例1：The trip finishes at the end of August. （这次旅行在八月末结束。） 例2：There is a tall tree at the end of the road. （在这条路的尽头有一棵大树。） 2 in the end = finally 最后，终于（不加 of） 例：In the end, we have a wonderful family dinner. （最后，我们享用了一顿温馨的家宴。） （2）end 动词，意为“结束，终止” （不及物动词） 例：The party ends at nine. （晚会九点结束。） （3）end 动词，意为“结束，终止” （及物动词） 例：We end our dinner happily. （我们愉快地结束晚餐。） 【典例】1. There is a small park ____ the end of this street. A. in B. at C. by 【答案】B 【解析】句意：在这条街的尽头有一座小公园。本题考查 at the end of 后接地点，表示在…… 尽头；by the end of 不接地点，in 不能搭配 the end of，故选 B。 【典例】 2. He tried lots of different ideas, ____ he found a good way. A. at the end B. in the end C. by the end 【答案】B 【解析】句意：他试了很多不同办法，最后找到了好方法。本题考查 in the end 单独使用，表最后；at the end、by the end 必须搭配 of，不能单独用，故选 B。 【即练1】We will have a big party ____ the end of this month. A. at B. in C. on 【答案】A 【解析】句意：我们在本月末举办一场大型派对。本题考查 at the end of + 时间，在…… 末尾；in、on 不构成该固定搭配，故选 A。 【即练2】____, all the family members got together and enjoyed the dinner. A. In the end B. At the end C. By the end 【答案】A 【解析】句意：最后，所有家人团聚在一起享用晚餐。本题考查 in the end 可置于句首作状语，at/by the end 后面需加 of 短语，故选 A。 7.We wish you good health. 【详解】 （1）wish动词，意为“希望；祝愿” 必考考点： 1 wish sb. sth. 祝愿某人……（后接名词） 例： I wish you good luck. （祝你好运。） 2 wish to do sth. 想要 / 希望去做某事（不能 wish doing） 例：She wishes to visit Beijing. （她想去北京。） 3 wish sb. to do sth. 希望某人做某事 例：My parents wish me to study hard. （父母希望我努力学习。） 4 wish + 从句（难以实现的愿望，虚拟语气） 从句动词用过去式，表不可能实现，be 用were. 例：I wish I were a bird. （我希望我是一只小鸟。） （2）名词，意为“愿望”, 可数名词， 固定短语make a wish 许愿 例：I want to make a wish on my birthday. （我想在生日这天许愿。） 【典例】1. I wish you ______ all the time. A. happiness B. happy C. happily D. to happy 【答案】A 【解析】句意：我祝你永远开心。本题考查固定搭配 wish sb. sth，空处需填名词；happiness 为名词，happy 是形容词，happily 是副词，故选 A。 【典例】2. Lily wishes ______ to the zoo with her sister. A. go B. to go C. going D. goes 【答案】B 【解析】句意：莉莉希望和姐姐去动物园。本题考查固定结构 wish to do sth，wish 后只能接不定式作宾语，故选 B。 【典例】3. Parents always wish their kids ______ hard at school. A. study B. to study C. studying D. studies 【答案】B 【解析】句意：父母总希望孩子在校努力学习。本题考查 wish sb. to do sth 固定搭配，不定式作宾语补足语，故选 B。 【典例】4. I wish I ______ a little fish and could swim in the river. A. am B. is C. were D. be 【答案】C 【解析】句意：我希望自己是一条小鱼，能在河里游泳。本题考查 wish 引导虚拟从句，与现在事实相反，be 动词统一用 were，故选 C。 【典例】5. Close your eyes and ______ before blowing out birthday candles. A. make a wish B. makes a wish C. making a wish D. to make a wish 【答案】A 【解析】句意：吹生日蜡烛前闭上眼睛许个愿。本题考查祈使句，and 并列前后均用动词原形，故选 A。 【即练1】We wish our friends ______ a wonderful holiday. A. have B. having C. / D. to have 【答案】C 【解析】句意：我们祝愿朋友们假期愉快。本题考查 wish sb.+ 名词短语，good holiday 是名词词组，后面不加动词，故选 C。 【即练2】My father wishes ______ a new bike for me. A. buy B. buying C. to buy D. buys 【答案】C 【解析】句意：爸爸想要给我买一辆新自行车。本题考查 wish to do 固定用法，不定式 to do 作宾语，故选 C。 【即练3】I wish you ______ a good sleep every night. A. have B. having C. to have D. had 【答案】C 【解析】句意：我希望你每晚睡个好觉。本题考查 wish + 宾语 + to do 的固定结构，故选 C。 【即练4】 He wishes he ______ more free time on weekends. A. has B. had C. have D. having 【答案】B 【解析】句意：他盼望周末能有更多空闲时间。本题考查 wish 虚拟从句，从句谓语动词用过去式，故选 B。 【即练5】The little kid wants ______ at his birthday party. A. make a wish B. to make a wish C. makes a wish D. making a wish 【答案】B 【解析】句意：小男孩想要在生日派对上许愿。本题考查 want to do 和固定短语 make a wish，故选 B。 8.We wish you good health. （1）health名词，意为“健康” 1 be in good health 身体健康，身体好 例：My grandparents are in good health. （我的祖父母身体健康。） ②be in bad/poor health 身体不健康，身体不好 例：The old lady was in poor health last year. （这位老太太去年身体很差。） ③ keep in good health 保持健康 例：Eating healthy food helps us keep in good health. （吃健康食物帮我们保持身体健康。） （2）healthy 形容词，意为 “健康的” 用法：修饰名词，或放在 be 动词、系动词后 keep healthy 保持健康 例：We do sports every day to keep healthy. （我们每天运动来保持健康。） 【典例】1. My grandpa exercises every day, so he is ____. A. in good health B. good health C. healthy health 【答案】A 【解析】句意：我爷爷每天锻炼，所以他身体健康。本题考查固定短语 be in good health，表示身体健康，故选 A。 【典例】2. We should take exercise every day to ____. A. keep healthy B. keep health C. keep in healthy 【答案】 A 【解析】句意：我们应该每天锻炼身体来保持健康。本题考查固定搭配keep healthy 保持健康，故选 A。 【典例】3. ____ is important for all the old people. A. Keep in good health B. Keeping in good health C. Keeping in health 【答案】 B 【解析】句意：保持身体健康对所有老年人很重要。本题考查动名词作主语，正确固定搭配是 keep in good health，缺少 good 的 keeping in health 为错误短语，动词原形不能直接作主语，故选 B。 【即练1】All my family members are ____ after eating healthy food. A. keep healthy B. in good health C. in good healthy 【答案】B 【解析】句意：吃健康的食物后，我的家人们身体都很好。本题考查 be+in good health 固定搭配，故选 B。 【即练2】Eating lots of fruit can help children ____. A. keep healthy B. in good health C. keep health 【答案】A 【解析】句意：多吃水果能帮助孩子们保持健康。本题考查 help sb.(to) do sth. 与keep healthy 固定短语连用，故选 A。 【即练3】To ____, many old people take a walk after dinner. A. keep in good health B. keep in health C. keep good health 【答案】 A 【解析】 句意：为了保持身体健康，许多老人晚饭后散步。本题考查固定短语 keep in good health，缺少 good 为错误搭配，故选 A。 9.He is always busy. 【详解】busy形容词，意为“忙碌的” 三个必考搭配 （1）be busy with sth 忙于某事（+ 名词） 例：I am busy with my homework. （我忙着写作业。） （2）be busy(in) doing sth 忙于做某事（+ 动词 ing） 例：She is busy(in) cleaning the room.她忙着打扫房间。 (3) be too busy to do sth 太忙而不能做某事 例：I am too busy to watch TV. （我太忙了，不能看电视。） 【典例】1. My sister is busy ______ her math homework now. A. do B. doing C. with D. to do 【答案】C 【解析】句意：我的姐姐现在忙着做数学作业。本题考查固定搭配 be busy with sth，后接名词，故选 C。 【典例】2. Tom is busy ______ his bedroom on weekends. A. clean B. to clean C. cleaning D. cleans 【答案】C 【解析】句意：汤姆周末忙着打扫卧室。本题考查固定搭配 be busy doing sth，后面接动词 - ing 形式，故选 C。 【典例】3. I’m too busy ______ to the cinema with you. A. go B. going C. to go D. goes 【答案】C 【解析】句意：我太忙了，不能和你去看电影。本题考查 too…to… 固定结构 too busy to do sth，故选 C。 【即练1】They are busy ______ the coming school sports meeting. A. with B. at C. do D. doing 【答案】A 【解析】句意：他们忙着筹备即将到来的校运会。本题考查 be busy with + 名词的固定用法，故选 A。 【即练2】 The students are busy ______ their English papers. A. write B. writing C. to write D. writes 【答案】B 【解析】句意：学生们忙着写英语试卷。本题考查 be busy doing 固定结构，故选 B。 【即练3】She is too busy ______ a walk after supper. A. take B. to take C. taking D. takes 【答案】B 【解析】句意：她太忙，晚饭后没法散步。本题考查 be too busy to do 固定搭配，不定式表结果，故选 B。 10.We all love to spend time together. 【详解】 （1） spend 动词，意为”花费时间”，必须用sb 做主语 ①固定短语 ：某人做某事花了......时间 sb spend + time (in) doing sth sb spend + time on sth 例1：I spend two hours on my homework. （我花两小时写作业。） 例2：She spends one hour in reading English every morning. （她每天早上花一小时读英语。） ②同义短语 ： It takes sb + time to do sth ,主语必须是it 例：It takes me 30 minutes to walk to school. （走路去上学要花我 30 分钟。） (1) spend动词，意为“度过时间” 例：We will spend the summer holiday in the countryside. （我们将在乡下度过暑假。） （2） spend 动词，意为“花费金钱”，主语必须为sb ①固定短语：某人买某物花了......钱 sb spend + money (in) buying sth sb spend +money on sth 例1：I spend fifty yuan in buying this notebook. （我花五十元买了这本笔记本。） 例2：My sister spends much money on clothes. （我姐姐在衣服上花很多钱。） ② 同义短语： sth cost sb + money (主语必须为sth) sb buy sth for +sth (主语必须为sb ) sb pay +money for + sth （主语必须为sb) 例1：The bike costs me 200 yuan. （这辆自行车花了我 200 元。） 例2：I paid 50 yuan for the pen. （我花 50 元买了这支笔。） 例3：I buy a gift for 10yuan . （我花了10元买了一份礼物。） 【典例】1. He often spends two hours ______ his homework every day. A. do B. doing C. to do D. does 【答案】B 【解析】句意：他每天经常花两个小时做他的家庭作业。考查动词spend的用法， 表示 “花费时间 / 金钱”，主语必须是人。常用结构为 spend + 时间 + (in) doing sth，in 可以省略，后面需要接动名词形式，因此此处用 doing，故选B。 【典例】2. My mother spends lots of money ______ vegetables. A. on B. in C. at D. for 【答案】A 【解析】句意：我妈妈在蔬菜上花了很多钱。解析：spend 有两个常用搭配，spend + 金钱 + on sth 表示 “在某物上花钱”；spend + 金钱 + (in) doing sth 表示 “花钱做某事”。本题后面直接接名词 vegetables，所以用介词 on，故选A。 【典例】3.It ______ us an hour to get to the park by bus. A. spends B. costs C. takes D. pays 【答案】C 【解析】句意：我们坐公交车去公园要花费一小时 。考查动词辨析，spend：主语只能是人，搭配 spend time/money on sth / (in) doing sth，本句主语是 It； cost：主语只能是物品，仅用来表达某物花费多少钱，不能用来描述花费时间；pay：主语为人，固定搭配 pay+money for sth（为某物付款），和时间表达无关； • take：专门用于花费时间，固定句型 It takes sb. + 时长 + to do sth。句中 it 是形式主语，真正主语是后面的 to get to the park，完全符合这个固定句式，故选C。 【即练1】My sister spends two hours ______ English every day. A. read B. reading C. to read D. reads 【答案】B 【解析】句意：我姐姐每天花两个小时读英语。考查spend 的用法，spend表示 “花费时间 / 金钱”，主语必须是人。固定结构为 spend + 时间 + (in) doing sth，in 可以省略，后面要接动名词形式，因此用 reading,故选B。 【即练2】Tom often spends much money ______ his model cars. A. in B. on C. for D. at 【答案】B 【解析】句意：汤姆经常在他的模型车上花很多钱。考查spend 的用法。spend 有两组常用搭配：spend + 金钱 + on sth（在某物上花钱）；spend + 金钱 + (in) doing sth（花钱做某事）。本题空格后是名词短语，因此用介词 on，故选B。 【即练3】______ me forty minutes to walk to school every morning. A. It takes B. I take C. It spends D. I spend 【答案】A 【解析】句意：我每天早上步行去上学要花费四十分钟。 考查动词辨析。表示 “做某事花费某人多长时间” 要用固定句型 It takes sb. + 时间 + to do sth。it 作形式主语，不能用人作主语；spend 主语必须是人，故选A。 11.Most family names date back to ancient times. （1）date back + 时间段， 追溯（距今…… 时间）” 例：This old custom dates back hundreds of years. （这个古老习俗距今有数百年之久。） （2）date back to + 时间点 = date from + 时间点 追溯到某个具体年代 / 日期 例：This custom dates back to the Song Dynasty.= This custom dates from the Song Dynasty. （这个习俗起源于宋朝。） 核心必考规则（重难点） （1）只用一般现在时，无被动语态，哪怕句子是讲述古时候的事物，谓语仍用原形 / 三单，不能用过去式（2）主语多为：建筑、风俗、节日、文物、传统。 【典例】1. The old temple ____ over 800 years. A. dates back B. dates back to C. dated from D. is dated back 【答案】A 【解析】句意：这座古庙距今 800 多年。空后是时间段，用 date back；短语无被动，时态用一般现在时，主语单数用 dates，故选 A。 【典例】 2. This festival ____ the Tang Dynasty. A. dates back B. dates back to C. date from D. is dated to 【答案】B 【解析】句意：这个节日始于唐朝。后接具体朝代（时间点），用 date back to=date from；主语三单，故选 B。 【典例】3. The history ____ to the Ming Dynasty. A. date back B. dates back C. dates D. dated 【答案】 B解析句意：这段历史追溯到明朝。空后 to + 时间点，固定搭配 date back to，主语单数用 dates，故选 B。 【即练1】The tradition ____ more than one thousand years. A. date back to B. dates back C. dated from D. is dated 【答案】B 【解析】句意：这项传统已有上千年历史。后接时间段，搭配 date back，主语单数谓语三单，故选 B。 【即练2】The old building ____ 1920. A. dates back B. dates from C. dated back D. is dated from 【答案】B 【解析】句意：这座老建筑始建于 1920 年。后接具体年份，用 date from=date back to，无被动，一般现在时，故选 B。 【即练3】 The folk art ____ the early 1800s. A. dates from B. dates back C. is dated from D. dated back 【答案】A 【解析】句意：这项民间艺术始于 19 世纪初期。后接具体时间，date from=date back to，本短语不用被动、常用一般现在时，故选 A。 一、根据首字母及汉语提示写出单词正确形式。 1. She is always r__________（乐意的）to help classmates with their study. 【答案】ready 【解析】句意：她总是乐于帮助同学们学习。本题考查固定短语 be ready to do，形容词 ready 表示乐意的、准备好的，故填 ready。 2. We need some food for our p_________（野餐）this weekend. 【答案】picnic 【解析】句意：我们需要一些食物准备这周末的野餐。本题考查名词 picnic，have/go on a picnic 为固定搭配，故填 picnic。 3. Doing sports every day keeps us h__________（健康的）. 【答案】healthy 【解析】句意：每天做运动让我们保持健康。本题考查 keep + 形容词，healthy 是形容词健康的，health 为名词，故填 healthy。 4. My parents often s__________（花费）one hour walking after dinner. 【答案】spend 【解析】句意：我的父母经常晚饭后花一小时散步。本题考查 spend time doing sth，主语 parents 为复数，一般现在时用动词原形，故填 spend。 5. This old custom d_________（追溯）back to hundreds of years ago. 【答案】dates 【解析】句意：这个古老的习俗追溯到数百年前。本题考查 date back to 固定短语，主语 custom 单数，谓语用三单 dates，故填 dates。 二、单项选择。 1.All students get ready ____ the coming English test. A. to B. for C. at 【答案】B 【解析】句意：所有学生都在为即将到来的英语考试做准备。本题考查 get ready for + 名词，for 后接名词，to 后面接动词原形，故选 B。 2. Could you help me ____ my English after school? A. with B. learn to C. to learning 【答案】A 【解析】句意：放学后你能辅导我的英语吗？本题考查 help sb with sth，在某方面帮助某人，故选 A。 3. —Must I clean the floor now? —No, you ____. A. needn’t B. can’t C. mustn’t 【答案】A 【解析】句意：— 我现在必须扫地吗？ — 不必。本题考查 need 作情态动词，must 提问否定答语用 needn’t，故选 A。 4. My uncle is too busy ____ fishing with us this Sunday. A. go B. to go C. going 【答案】B 【解析】句意：我的叔叔太忙了，这周日没法和我们去钓鱼。本题考查 be too busy to do sth 太忙而不能做某事，不定式作结果，故选 B。 5. It takes Linda half an hour ____ books every evening. A. read B. to read C. reading 【答案】B 【解析】句意：琳达每晚花半小时看书。本题考查 It takes sb + 时间 + to do sth 固定句型，不定式作真正主语，故选 B。 三、用所给词的适当形式填空。 1. I wish you ________ (happy) every day. 【答案】happiness 【解析】句意：我祝你天天开心。本题考查 wish sb sth，空处需要名词作宾语，happy 形容词，happiness 名词，故填 happiness。 2. She is busy __________ (prepare) for her birthday party. 【答案】preparing 【解析】句意：她忙着筹备自己的生日派对。本题考查 be busy doing sth，动词用动名词形式，故填 preparing。 3. My brother spends much time _________ (play) basketball. 【答案】playing 【解析】句意：我弟弟花很多时间打篮球。本题考查 spend time (in) doing sth，in 可省略，后跟动名词，故填 playing。 3. Keep __________ (health) by eating more fruit and vegetables. 【答案】healthy 【解析】句意：多吃蔬果保持身体健康。本题考查 keep + 形容词，health 名词，healthy 形容词，故填 healthy。 5. The old house _________ (date) back to the 19th century. 【答案】dates 【解析】句意：这座老房子追溯到 19 世纪。本题考查 date back to 只用一般现在时，主语单数谓语三单，故填 dates。 四、 完成句子（每空一词 ）。 1.我们想要在国庆节去野餐。 We want to ________ ________ ________ on National Day. 【答案】go on a picnic 【解析】句意：我们想要在国庆节去野餐。本题考查固定短语 go on a picnic，want to 后接动词原形，故填 go on a picnic。 2.在莉莉的帮助下，我完成了手工制作。________ ________ ________ of Lily, I finish the handwork. 【答案】With the help 【解析】句意：在莉莉的帮助下，我完成了手工制作。本题考查 with the help of sb 固定搭配，置于句首首字母大写，故填 With the help。 3.他不必每天早起。 He _________ __________ get up early every day. 【答案】needn’t 【解析】句意：他不必每天早起。本题考查情态动词 needn’t + 动词原形，表示不必，故填 needn’t。 4.妈妈忙着做家务，没时间出门。 Mom is ________ _________ housework and has no time to go out. 【答案】busy with 【解析】句意：妈妈忙着做家务，没时间出门。本题考查 be busy with sth 忙于某事，后接名词，故填 busy with。 5.我希望我的爷爷奶奶身体健康。 I wish my grandparents _________ _________ __________. 【答案】good health 【解析】句意：我希望我的爷爷奶奶身体健康。本题考查 wish sb sth 祝愿某人……，good health 名词短语，故填 good health。 5、 阅读理解。 My name is Jeff. I’m a Grade Seven student. There are five people in my family: my grandpa, my parents, my little sister and me. My grandpa doesn’t work now. He likes to grow vegetables in the small garden behind our house.My father works in a police station. He is very busy on workdays. My mother works in a community shop. She is always ready to help people around her. After dinner, she often helps my sister and me with our English homework.When the weather is fine on weekends, our family usually drive to the lake and have a picnic. We prepare fruit, bread and drinks. I love my warm family very much. ( ) 1. How many people are there in Jeff’s family? A. Four B. Five C. Six D. Seven ( ) 2. What does Jeff’s grandpa like doing? A. Growing vegetables B. Selling fruit C. Teaching English D. Working in a shop ( ) 3. Where does Jeff’s father work? A. In a school B. In a hospital C. In a police station D. In a shop ( ) 4. When does Jeff’s mother help the kids with homework? A. Before breakfast B. After dinner C. On Monday morning D. At noon ( ) 5.Where do they have a picnic on fine weekends? A. In the garden B. Near the lake C. In the shop D. At school 阅读理解答案与解析 1. 【答案】B 【解析】句意：杰夫家里有几口人，本题考查短文细节查找，原文提到家中一共有五口人，故选 B。 2. 【答案】A 【解析】句意：杰夫的爷爷喜欢做什么，本题考查细节理解，文中说明爷爷喜欢在菜园种蔬菜，故选 A。 3. 【答案】C 【解析】句意：杰夫的爸爸在哪里上班，本题考查细节查找，爸爸在警察局工作，故选 C。 4. 【答案】B 【解析】句意：杰夫的妈妈什么时候辅导孩子们写作业，本题考查细节理解，晚饭后妈妈辅导功课，故选 B。5.【答案】B 【解析】句意：天气好的周末他们在哪野餐，本题考查细节查找，一家人去湖边野餐，故选 B。 六、 完形填空。 Hello, I’m Lucy. Let me tell you 1______ my family. There are three people in my family.My mother is kind. She is busy 2_______ housework every day, but she is ready 3_______ help me with my study when I have problems. My father is a cook. He is never too busy 4_______ play with me on holidays.I don’t have brothers 5 ______sisters. My parents always wish me 6________ a happy life every day. In my free time, I often help my mom 7______ housework at home.At the end of every month, we will 8_______ a picnic in the city park. We enjoy 9________ together with our family. Family love makes our life warm and 10________. I feel lucky to have such a nice family. ( ) 1.A. about B. for C. at D. with ( ) 2.A. do B. doing C. to do D. does ( ) 3.A. for B. to C. with D. in ( ) 4.A. to B. for C. with D. on ( ) 5.A. and B. but C. or D. so ( ) 6.A. live B. to live C. living D. lives ( ) 7.A. with B. for C. of D. on ( ) 8.A. take B. make C. have D. get ( ) 9.A. stay B. staying C. to stay D. stays ( ) 10.A. boring B. happy C. difficult D. busy 完形填空答案与解析 1. 【答案】A 【解析】句意：让我给你介绍我的家庭，本题考查固定搭配 tell sb. about sth，故选 A。 2. 【答案】B 【解析】句意：妈妈每天忙着做家务，本题考查固定结构 be busy doing sth，故选 B。 3. 【答案】B 【解析】句意：但她乐意在我学习遇到困难时帮忙，本题考查固定搭配 be ready to do sth，故选 B。 4. 【答案】A 【解析】句意：他再忙也能在假期陪我玩耍，本题考查固定短语 too…to…，故选 A。 5. 【答案】C 【解析】句意：我没有兄弟姐妹，本题考查否定句并列名词用 or 连接，故选 C。 6. 【答案】B 【解析】句意：父母希望我每天过得开心，本题考查固定搭配 wish sb. to do sth，故选 B。 7. 【答案】A 【解析】句意：空闲时我帮妈妈做家务，本题考查固定搭配 help sb. with sth，故选 A。 8. 【答案】C 【解析】句意：每个月末我们去公园野餐，本题考查固定短语 have a picnic，故选 C。 9. 【答案】B 【解析】句意：我们很享受和家人待在一起，本题考查固定搭配 enjoy doing sth，故选 B。 10. 【答案】B 【解析】句意：亲情让我们的生活温暖又幸福，本题考查形容词词义辨析，happy 贴合全文温馨的语境，故选 B。 18 / 18 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $