专题03 数词和介词 （暑假复习讲义）新八年级英语新教材仁爱科普版

专题03 数词和介词 （暑假复习讲义） 内容导航 01 复习目标→ 明考向、知权重、晓关联、以目标导学，以考向定标 02 知识重构 → 系统讲解核心知识，重构整合形成体系 脉络重构：快速扫描高频考点，定位薄区 典例破题：精选例题，呈现思路点拨+规范解答+方法提炼 巩固提升：趁热打铁练一练，强化巩固所学 03综合通关 → 综合演练，梯度设题；查漏补缺，闭环收官 知识点 常考考点 命题风向 数词 1. 基数词的的应用 2. 序数词的读写和应用 1. 越来越注重语境理解，单纯的时间标志词识别题减少； 2. 不同时态进行对比辨析； 3. 在语篇中考查时态的一致性。 介词 1.表时间的介词 2.表示地点、方位的介词 考情解码：一般在单项选择题，完形填空、语法填空、选词填空题出现 ( 脉 ｜ 络 ｜ 重 ｜ 构 ) ( 考 ｜ 点 ｜ 精 ｜ 讲 ) 知识点一 数词 【课标要求】 考点1 基数词和序数词的构成 数词是指表示数目多少或顺序先后的词，分为基数词和序数词。常见基数词和序数词的构成如下： 1—9 11—19 10—90（整十） 几十几 100及以上 基数词 序数词 基数词 序数词 基数词 序数词 one first eleven eleventh ten tenth 基数词： twenty-one thirty-two 序数词： twenty-first thirty-second 基数词： one hundred（一百） one thousand（一千） one million（一百万） one billion（十亿） one hundred and one one hundred and ninety-nine 序数词： one hundred and first （第一百零一） two second twelve twelfth twenty twentieth three third thirteen thirteenth thirty thirtieth four fourth fourteen fourteenth forty fortieth five fifth fifteen fifteenth fifty fiftieth six sixth sixteen sixteenth sixty sixtieth seven seventh seventeen seventeenth seventy seventieth eight eighth eighteen eighteenth eighty eightieth nine ninth nineteen nineteenth ninety ninetieth 考点2 基数词和序数词的用法 一、基数词的用法 用法 示例 表示数量 具体数量用“基数词+可数名词单数/复数” one apple two hundred dollars 概数用“hundreds/thousands/millions/billions+ of +可数名词复数” thousands of buildings 表示年代 “in the+整十年份的阿拉伯数字加-s”表示“在……世纪……年代” in the 1980s（在20世纪80年代） 表示年龄 “基数词+year（s）+old”表示“……岁” nine years old “at the age of+基数词”表示“在……岁时” at the age of nine “in one's+整十基数词的复数形式”表示“在某人几十多岁时” in his twenties（在他20多岁时） 表示时刻 表示“……点整”用“基数词+o'clock” three o'clock 若分钟数小于或等于30分钟,用“基数词+past+基数词”，表示“……点过……分” ten past three（三点十分） 若分钟数大于30分钟,用“基数词+to+基数词”，表示“差……分到……点” ten to three（两点五十分） 表示时间/距离等 基数词与表示时间、距离、重量、金钱等的词连用作主语时，常被看作是一个整体，谓语动词用单数形式 Ten minutes is a long time when we are waiting. 用含基数词的名词所有格作定语 fifteen minutes' drive （15分钟的车程） 构成复合形容词 “基数词+连字符+单数名词（+连字符+形容词）”，作定语，表示时间、距离、年龄等 a fifteen-minute drive（一段15分钟的车程） a five-year-old girl 拓展 次数的表达 once“一次”，twice“两次”，三次及以上均由“基数词+times”构成（如three times）。这些词可用于回答how often（多久一次）开头的问句。如： —How often does your mom go to the market? —Twice a week. 二、序数词的用法 用法 示例 修饰单数名词，表示顺序、日期等 the first time（第一次） on the second day 序数词前若无其他修饰成分，必须使用the；如果有形容词性物主代词、名词所有格修饰时，则不用the The sixth girl on the left is my cousin. This is Tom's second visit to China. 序数词前可以用a或an，此时表示“又一，再一” I have read this book three times, but I want to read it a fourth time. 拓展 分数的表达 分子用基数词，分母用序数词。分子如果大于1，表示分母的序数词后加s。分母若是2，通常用half表示；分母若是4，可以用quarter表示。如： 1/2 a/one half； 1/3 a/one third； 3/4 three quarters/three fourths； 2/5 two fifths。 【巩固提升1】 1．—Can you read the number “40,424,000” in English?   —Yes, it’s ________. A．forty million, four hundred and twenty-four thousand B．forty thousand, four hundred and twenty-four million C．forty million, four hundred, twenty four thousand 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——你能用英语读出数字“40,424,000”吗？——是的，它是四千零四十二万四千。 英语中多位数的读法是从右向左每三位一节，分别加上thousand, million等单位；百位与十位之间加and，十位与个位之间加连字符。40,424,000读作forty million, four hundred and twenty-four thousand。 2．Several ________ people come to China for a visit every year. A．millions of B．million C．millions 【答案】B 【详解】句意：每年有几百万人来中国参观。 million的用法有规则：前有具体数字或several等词修饰时，用单数形式，不加s也不加of；当表示概数时，使用 millions of。本题空前有Several，故用单数形式million。 3．He is ________ years old, and today is his ________ birthday. A．fourty; fortieth B．fourty; the fortieth C．forty; fortieth 【答案】C 【详解】句意：他四十岁了，今天是他的四十岁生日。 第一空表示年龄，用基数词，40的基数词是forty，注意拼写中没有u，排除A、B项；第二空表示第几个生日，用序数词fortieth，且空前有物主代词his，序数词前不加the，排除B项。 4．—Is your uncle in his ________? —Yes. His forty-first birthday is coming next month. A．fortieth B．fourties C．forties 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——你的叔叔四十多岁了吗？——是的。下个月他的四十一岁生日就要到了。 fortieth第四十；fourties错误拼写；forties四十多岁。固定搭配“in one’s + 整十基数词复数”表示“在某人几十多岁时”，forties符合。 5．—What time do you usually get up, John? —I usually get up at ________. A．half past six B．half to six C．half after six 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——John，你通常几点起床？——我通常在六点半起床。 英语中表达“几点半”常用“half past+小时”结构，因此“六点半”表示为half past six。 6．They built a new road in the countryside. The road is ________. A．30-meters wide B．30 meters width C．30-meter wide 【答案】C 【详解】句意：他们在乡村修建了一条新公路。这条路有30米宽。 30-meters wide错误表达，复合形容词中的名词不用复数；30 meters width错误表达，应为30 meters in width；30-meter wide意为“30米宽的”。根据空前有be动词is，表语可用“数词+名词单数+形容词”构成的复合形容词。应填30-meter wide。 7．Great changes took place in China ________. A．in the 1980s B．in the 1980 C．in 1980s 【答案】A 【详解】句意：中国在20世纪80年代发生了巨大的变化。 表示“在……年代”需用结构“in the+整十位数的复数形式”。in the 1980s意为“在20世纪80年代”，符合语法规范；B项形式错误，C项缺少冠词the。故选A。 8．—How many apples do you need? —I need ________ . A．two kilos of apples B．two kilos of apple C．two kilo of apples 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——你需要多少苹果？——我需要两公斤苹果。 “数词+量词+of+名词”构成的词组，当数词大于1时，量词变复数，名词是可数名词，也要根据情况变复数。表示“两公斤苹果”时，kilo应用复数kilos，apple为可数名词，应用复数apples表示多个苹果。应填two kilos of apples。 9．There are ______ months in a year. A．twelve B．twelfth C．twelves 【答案】A 【详解】句意：一年有十二个月。 twelve十二；twelfth第十二；twelves形式错误。根据“There are…months in a year.”可知。此处表示数量，且months为复数名词，应用基数词twelve。 10．—Xi’an is really a beautiful city and there are many places of interest. —I think so; why not stay here for ________ two days? A．other B．others C．another 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——西安真是一座美丽的城市，有许多名胜。——我想也是；为什么不在这里再待两天呢？ other其他的；others其他人或事；another另一个，再一个。根据语境可知建议多停留，表示“再两天”应用“another + 基数词 + 名词”结构（another置于数词前）。 11．About ________ of the students in this city ________ to school by bus. A．three quarter; go B．three quarters; go C．three quarters; goes 【答案】B 【详解】句意：这个城市大约四分之三的学生乘公共汽车去上学。 分数的表达规则是分子用基数词，分母用序数词，分子大于1时分母序数词要用复数形式，故四分之三表达为three quarters；当分数修饰名词作主语时，谓语动词的单复数取决于of后的名词，students为复数，因此谓语动词用原形go。 12．On my ________ birthday, I got a guitar as a gift from my father. A．twelve B．the twelfth C．twelfth 【答案】C 【详解】句意：在我十二岁生日那天，我从父亲那里收到了一把吉他作为礼物。 twelve十二；the twelfth第十二，定冠词+序数词；twelfth第十二。表示“某人的第几个生日”应用序数词，结构为“one’s+序数词+birthday”。因空前已有物主代词my修饰，故序数词前不加定冠词the。 13．This is my ________ day here, and everyone ________ friendly to me. A．the first; is B．first; is C．first; are 【答案】B 【详解】句意：这是我在这里的第一天，每个人对我都很友好。 序数词first前有形容词性物主代词“my”修饰时，不用定冠词the；不定代词“everyone”作主语，谓语动词视为第三人称单数，be动词用is。 14．I want to have a ________ try on the music stage (舞台) in my forties. I believe I will succeed. A．three B．third C．thirds 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我想在我四十多岁的时候在音乐舞台上再试一次。我相信我会成功的。 three三；third第三；thirds三分之一。third是序数词，意为“第三”，序数词前加不定冠词a表示“又一，再一”，“a third try”是固定搭配，表示“再试一次、第三次尝试”。 15．________ tourists visited our city for the ________ time during the May Day holiday. A．Hundred of; two B．Hundreds of; second C．Hundreds of; two 【答案】B 【详解】句意：五一假期期间，成百上千的游客第二次参观了我们城市。 Hundred of表达错误；two二；Hundreds of成百上千的；second第二；Hundreds of成百上千的；two二。hundred前无具体数字表示概数时，需用复数形式并加of，即Hundreds of，意为“成百上千的；数百的”，排除选项A；表示“第几次”应用序数词，two是基数词，意为“二”，second是序数词，意为“第二”，此处指“第二次”，用序数词，排除选项C。 【巩固提升2】 1．We are from Class _________ Grade Seven. (one) 【答案】One 【详解】句意：我们来自七年级一班。在英文中，表示“几年级几班”时，常用“Class+基数词 (首字母大写)， Grade+基数词 (首字母大写)”的结构，因此one作为数字应写作One。 2．I live on the ________ (five) floor. 【答案】fifth 【详解】句意：我住在五楼。表示楼层需要用序数词，括号内基数词five要变为序数词fifth（第五），修饰后面名词floor，故填fifth。 3．It’s my ________ (one) day at the school. It’s great for me to meet Alice here. 【答案】first 【详解】句意：这是我在这所学校的第一天，能在这里遇见艾丽斯我很开心。空格前为my及空后为名词day，需要序数词来限定次序；括号内one是基数词，对应的序数词为first，my first day意为“我的第一天”。 4．On her ________(ninety) birthday, the kind old woman gets lots of love from neighbors. 【答案】ninetieth 【详解】句意：在她第九十个生日（九十岁生日）那天，这位善良的老妇人收到了来自邻居们的许多关爱。根据句子“On her ______ (ninety) birthday”可知，表示“某人的第……个生日”时需用序数词，基数词ninety的序数词形式为ninetieth，故填ninetieth。 5．Villagers here hold a market day on the ________ (nine) day of every month. 【答案】ninth 【详解】句意：这里的村民在每个月的第九天举办集市日。句中“on the...day”表示日期序数，定冠词the后需使用序数词，nine序数词形式为ninth。 6．The river is four _________ (thousand) kilometres long. 【答案】thousand 【详解】句意：这条河有四千公里长。句中“four”为具体数字，thousand前有具体数字修饰时，thousand不加 s，用原形即可。 7．My father went back to university to study art history in his ________ (forty). 【答案】forties 【详解】句意：我爸爸在四十多岁时重返大学学习艺术史。forty“四十”，in one’s + 整十数复数表示“在某人几十多岁的年龄段”，需将基数词forty变复数forties。 8．The girl got lots of gifts on her ________ (twenty) birthday. 【答案】twentieth 【详解】句意：这个女孩在她二十岁生日收到了许多礼物。此处是指二十岁生日，需用序数词twentieth“第二十”，其前有形容词性物主代词her，不需要加定冠词the。 9．He is the ________ (five) child in the family. 【答案】fifth 【详解】句意：他是家里的第五个孩子。根据英语中表示顺序需用序数词，所给词five为基数词，其序数词形式为fifth。故填fifth。 10．How lucky we are to live in the ________ (twenty-one) century! 【答案】twenty-first 【详解】句意：我们生活在二十一世纪是多么幸运啊！“twenty-one”是基数词，根据“century”可知此处是指二十一世纪，应用序数词，故填twenty-first。 【巩固提升3】 1．这个公园是数百种动植物的家园。 The park ________ kinds of plants and animals. 【答案】is home to hundreds of 【详解】中文“是……的家园”在英语中对应的表达是be home to，句子主语“The park”是第三人称单数，且描述的是客观事实，为一般现在时，故be动词使用 is；“数百”对应的英语短语是hundreds of。 2．在20世纪60年代，我们的学校很小，只有大约40名学生。 , our school was small with only about 40 students. 【答案】In the 1960s 【详解】原句中“在20世纪60年代”是关键词，表示“在20世纪60年代”的短语为“In the 1960s”，位于句首首字母应大写。故填In the 1960s。 3．您能再给我两分钟吗？ Could you give me ________ ________ minutes? 【答案】 another/two two/more 【详解】原句中“再……两分钟”是关键词。英语中表达“再……；另外的……”常用以下两种结构：another+数词+名词复数（another two minutes）；数词+more+名词复数（two more minutes）。根据题干两个空格，填入another two或two more均符合语法和句意。 4．我和我的家人每个月去动物园一次，去看可爱的动物。 My family and I go to the zoo ________ a ________ to see cute animals. 【答案】 once month 【详解】原句关键词为“每个月一次”，对应英文是“once a month”。 5．图书馆里有成千上万本书。 There are ________ ________ ________ in the library. 【答案】 thousands of books 【详解】原句中“成千上万本书”是关键词，表示“成千上万”的短语是thousands of；表示“书”的名词是book，置于thousands of之后用名词复数books。 【巩固提升4】 将方框中所给词的适当形式填入短文中，每词仅用一次。 hundred forty two one There are 1 students in our class—twenty boys and twenty girls.We have never gone on a trip together before,so this is our 2 class trip.We carefully planned the trip and finally decided to visit the city museum.When we arrived,we were amazed to see 3 of people waiting in line.First,we visited the exhibition on the first floor.After that,when we reached the 4 floor,we saw many cultural relics（文物）.All in all,we had a very meaningful day. 【答案】1．forty2．first3．hundreds4．second 【详解】1．考查基数词。根据后文的“twenty boys and twenty girls”可知此处需填入的数词应表示班级总人数。根据加法运算可知，共有40人。表示具体数量应用基数词，故填forty。 2．考查序数词。根据前文的“We have never gone on a trip together before”推断，这是“我们”的第一次班级旅行。表示“第几”应用序数词，故填first。 知识点二 介词 一、时间介词 介词 用法 示例 in in+世纪/年/季节/月 in the 21st century in 2026 in spring in March 表示在上午/下午/晚上 in the morning/afternoon/evening in+一段时间，表示“……（多久）以后” They will finish the work in an hour. on on+日期/星期几/含有Day的节日 on June 2nd on Friday on Children's Day on+特定某一天的上午/下午/晚上 on Sunday afternoon at at+具体的时刻 at seven o'clock at a quarter to one 与年龄、三餐、正午、夜晚、一些节日等搭配 at the age of five at breakfast at noon/night 二、地点介词 1.表示地理位置的 in、on、at和to 介词 图解及用法 例句 in 某一小地点在另一大地点范围之内；用于较大的地方 （如：国家、城市、乡镇、水域等）前 Yunnan is in the southwest of China. on 一地不在另一地范围内，但两地接壤 Hubei is on the north of Hunan. to 不包含，也不接壤 Japan lies to the east of China. at 用于较小的地方（如：学校、机场等）前 I work at a school. 2.表示方位的介词 方位 介词 含义与用法 例句 上 on 表示在某物的表面上，且相互接触 There is a plate on the table. above 表示在某物上方，但不必在其垂直上方，不接触 Raise your arms above your head. over 表示在某物的垂直上方，不接触 There is a bridge over the river. 下 under 表示在某物的垂直下方，不接触 The ball is under the table. below 表示在某物的下方，但不必在其垂直下方，且不接触 Our apartment is below theirs. 前 in front of 表示在某物的前面，并且在其外面 There are some trees in front of the classroom. in the front of 表示在某物内部的前面 There's a teacher's deskin the front of the classroom. 后 behind 表示在某物的后面 There is a bank behind the post office. 中间 between 表示在两者之间，常与and连用 Maria sits between Lucy and Lily. among 表示在三者或三者以上之间 Miss Wang stands among her students. 对面 opposite 表示“在……对面”，与across from同义 She sat opposite/across from me at the table. 沿着 along 表示“沿着；顺着” He walked along the road. 附近、旁边 near 表示“在……附近” After the accident, her friend sat next to/beside/by/near her all night. next to 表示“紧邻；在……近旁” by 表示“靠近；在……旁边” beside 表示“在……旁边/附近” 倚 against 表示“紧靠；倚” Put the bike against the wall. 横过 across 指从事物表面的一边到另一边，用于表示横穿马路、过桥、过河等 He can swim across the river. 穿过 through 指从事物的内部通过 She had to push her way through the crowd to get to her son. 【巩固提升1】 1.________ a hot afternoon, a few boys went fishing. A．At B．On C．In 【答案】B 【详解】句意：在一个炎热的下午，几个男孩去钓鱼了。 At在（具体时刻）；On在（具体某一天或特指的某段时间）；In在（年、月、季节或泛指的上午/下午/晚上）。根据“a hot afternoon”可知，afternoon前有形容词hot修饰，表示特指的某个下午，应用介词On。 2.—When do you usually get up ________ Saturday mornings? —At 8:00. I can sleep a little later. A．on B．in C．at 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——你星期六早上通常几点起床？——八点。我可以多睡一会儿。 on 在（具体某天）；in 在（泛指时段）；At 在（具体时刻）。根据“Saturday mornings”可知，此处特指星期六的早晨，具体某一天的早晨前用介词on。 3.—When will “Colorwalk” be famous around the country? —I think it will be well-known ________ a few years. A．after B．in C．before 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——“Colorwalk”什么时候会在全国闻名？——我认为几年后它将会闻名。 after在……之后；in在……之后；before在……之前。根据“will be well-known”可知，该句是一般将来时，表示“从现在起若干时间之后”通常用“in + 时间段”，after常用于一般过去时。故选in。 4.We took part in the Hainan Island Ring Tourist Highway study tour last Saturday. It began ________ 6:30 a.m. A．in B．on C．at 【答案】C 【详解】句意：上周六我们参加了海南环岛旅游公路研学之旅。它在早晨6:30开始。 in常用于年/月/季节前，以及泛指的早中晚名词前；on常用于具体某一天/有修饰词的早中晚前；at用于具体时刻前。“6:30 a.m.”是具体时刻，用at。 5.I’ll ________ Beijing this Sunday. A．get B．arrive in C．arrive at 【答案】B 【详解】句意：这个周日我将到达北京。 get到达（后面需加to）；arrive in到达（加大地点）；arrive at到达（加小地点）。Beijing是大城市，根据地点大小区分介词用法可知，应填arrive in。 6.The pay phone is ________ Green Street and it’s across ________ the library. A．in; to B．at; through C．on; from 【答案】C 【详解】句意：这个公用电话在格林街上，它在图书馆的对面。 in在……里面；to不存在across to表示“在某物对面”的方位搭配；at一般用于修饰具体的小地点（比如具体门牌号、某个站点）；through通过，没有across through的短语搭配；on在……上面；from从……、来自，across from表示“在……对面”。此处表示在具体的街道路面上常用介词on；across from为固定短语，意为“在……对面”。应填on； from。 7.—Why are you unhappy these days, Julie? —Two tall boys sit ________ me. I can’t see the blackboard. A．behind B．in the front of C．in front of 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——朱莉，这些天你为什么不开心？——两个高个子男孩坐在我前面。我看不见黑板。 behind在……后面；in the front of在……（内部）前部；in front of在……（外部）前面。根据“I can’t see the blackboard”可知，男孩挡住了视线，说明他们坐在“我”的前面；且“人”是独立个体，应用表示外部前面的in front of。 8.—Lucy, where do you sit in the classroom? —I sit ________ Lily. She’s in front of me. A．behind B．beside C．next to 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——露西，你在教室里坐在哪里？——我坐在莉莉后面。她在我的前面。 behind在……后面；beside在……旁边；next to紧挨着。根据“She’s in front of me.”可知，莉莉在“我”前面，反之“我”就在莉莉的后面，应填behind。 9.—Shanghai is __________ our hometown. —Yes, you are right. A．500 kilometers far away from B．500 kilometers away from C．500 kilometers far from 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——上海距离我们的家乡有500千米。——是的，你说得对。 根据句中提供的具体数值“500 kilometers”可知，表示“离某地有……多远”时，若给出具体数字，需使用固定结构“具体数值+away from”；而far通常表示不确定的“远”，不与具体单位连用。应填500 kilometers away from。 10.Look at the map. Our school is ________ the library and the park. A．next to B．between C．in front of 【答案】B 【详解】句意：看这张地图，我们学校在图书馆和公园之间。 next to在……旁边；between在……之间；in front of在……前面。根据“the library and the park”，此处指两者之间，应填between。 【巩固提升2】 A 1 1640,an old man returned home,weak but peaceful after his final journey.Villagers asked,“You traveled all your life.Do you regret it?”His eyes still shone brightly 2 the moment he answered,“I saw China's greatest wonders and walked where heroes like Zhang Qian once stood.How could I regret it?”This man was Xu Xiake,a traveler who left his footprints 3 China. Xu's story shows the true meaning 4 travel:it changes how we see life.Every step he took reminds us that traveling is not only like talking with nature,but helps us grow wiser.Today,when we walk his paths,we remember his lesson—real discoveries happen not just 5 moving forward,but by daring to explore the unknown. 【答案】1．In2．at3．across4．of5．by 【详解】2．考查介词。此处表示在他回答的那一刻，应用介词at。 3．考查介词。本句强调徐霞客的旅行范围之广，“across China（遍布中国）”符合语境。故填across。 B In the past few years， quite a number of men and women have chosen to do something less challenging. They are afraid that the stress of work robs them1.　　　　　 joy and happiness and brings them harm both physically and mentally.  2.　　　　　 fact， however， stress isn’t such a bad thing. Above all， unless it gets out of control， a certain amount of stress is 3.　　　　　 importance as it provides people 4.　　　　　 motivation(动机)， challenges， and purposes. Besides， people under stress prefer to realize their potential(潜能) and achieve their own personal worth—the very purpose of a human life. Last but not least， research has showed that proper stress can strengthen the immune system(免疫系统) and is good 5.　　　　　 health.  Stress is a natural part of everyday life and there is no way to escape. Developing our abilities to deal with stress can prevent us 6.　　　　　 being defeated(打败) by competitive society.  【答案】1.of　rob sb. of sth.指“抢走某人的东西”，此处填of。 2.In　in fact是固定的搭配，指“事实上”。注意首字母要大写。 3.of　be of+名词= be + adj.。此处填of，与importance连用，指“重要的”。 4.with　provide sb. with sth.= provide sth. for sb.指“向某人提供某物”。此处填with。 5.for　be good for是固定搭配，指“对……有好处”。 6.from　prevent sb. from doing sth.指“阻止某人做某事”。同义词组有:stop sb. from doing sth.， keep sb. from doing sth.。 一、用所给单词的适当形式填空 A 用适当的介词完成下列句子 1.There are many apples 　 　 the tree in our yard.  2.My grandpa died peacefully 　 　a cold winter afternoon.  3.Li Fei improved his spoken English 　 　 watching English documentaries.  4.There will be a dancing competition 　 　the sixteenth day of March.  5.The old man's garden is so beautiful 　 　spring that kids like to play there.  6.Lily is only six years old, but she is very good 　 　 cooking.  7.Mr.Lin's flight will arrive 　 　 half an hour.Let's take a taxi to the airport.  8.Miss Yang helped her neighbor buy two kilos 　 　 sugar on her way home.  9.Mary has been looking 　 　 her ruler for 10 minutes. But it is actually in her schoolbag.  10.The students usually have their first class 　 　eight o'clock 　 　the morning.  11.I like dancing and singing and often spend a lot of time　 　 them.  12.Where is the key 　 　the front door?  13.After school, I like playing computer games and chatting 　 　my friends 　 　the Internet.  14.I learned a lot 　 　 the other students in this class.  15.What do you think 　 　my new car?  16.I hurried to school 　 　breakfast this morning, so I feel hungry now.  17.The man is a great basketball player.We are all proud 　 　 him.  18.My mother will come home 　 　 the morning of August 8.  19.I grew up 　 　 the foot of the mountain.  20.That naughty boy hid 　 　 the door and waited for his friends to find him.  【答案】1.on　2.on 　3.by　4.on 　5.in 　6.at　7.in　8.of　9.for　10.at 　in　11.on　12.to 　13.with 　on14.from　15.of 　16.without 　17.of　18.on　19.at　20.behind B 1.Our town has been famous since the 　　　　　century.(twelve)  【答案】twelfth　空格后为名词单数century，且空前有the，故空格处应填twelve的序数词形式，表示“第十二”，故填twelfth。 2.Every year， 　　　　　(百万) of books are donated to the children in poor areas.  【答案】millions　millions of...“数百万……”，后加名词复数形式，故填millions。 3.Tomorrow they will have a party to celebrate his brother’s 　　　　　(五) birthday.  【答案】fifth　根据空格后的单数名词birthday可知，空格处应填序数词，表示“第五个生日”。故填fifth。 4.My sister was born on the 　　　　　(九) of June.  【答案】ninth　表示日期时要使用序数词，故填ninth。 5.Seven 　　　　　(十二) of the students took part in the activity last weekend.  【答案】twelfths　根据中文提示可知，此处应填twelve的适当形式。分母用序数词表示，当分子大于1时，分母要用复数。故填twelfths。 6.My aunt became a nurse in her 　　　　　(twenty) and she still loves her job now.  【答案】twenties　考查基数词。“in one’s+整十基数词的复数形式”表示“在某人几十多岁时”，故此处应用twenty的复数形式。故填twenties。 7.Two 　　　　　(nine) of the land in this area is covered with trees and grass. The rest is sandy.  【答案】ninths　考查分数。分子two是基数词，分母应用序数词的复数形式，nine的序数词为ninth，two ninths“九分之二”。故填ninths。 8.I found out about Yumenguan in the famous poem written by Wang Zhihuan for the 　　　　　(one) time.  【答案】first　“for the +序数词+time”指“第几次”，此处指“第一次”，one的序数词是first，故填first。 9.Wang Yaping， China’s 　　　　　(two) female astronaut， has recently recorded a video to send her greetings to women around the world on Women’s Day.  【答案】second　考查序数词。根据空格后的female astronaut可知，此空应填second，指“中国第二个女性航天员”，空格前有China’s，所以second前面不加the。 10.My uncle lives in a town 　　　　kilometers from Yangzhou. (十五)  【答案】fifteen　考查基数词。由空后的kilometers可知，此空应填基数词。“十五”的英文为fifteen，故填fifteen。 二、语篇填空 　　This time yesterday， Mr Zhang was celebrating his 1.　　　　　(ninety) birthday at home.  He said this to his family members: About two 2.　　　　　(three) of the people change houses during their lifetimes， but I have lived in this house since I was born. I’ve got 3.　　　　　(four) children and all of them were born in this house too. Most of the time it is a happy place. The street is very different from the one when I was young. In the 4.　　　　　(1970)， there were no cars and all the children played in the road. Some children still do， but it’s not the same—you’ve got to be very careful nowadays with the traffic. In the street， few people who live in the street are as old as I am now—many of them have died; 5.　　　　　(hundred) of neighbours have moved to another area. I only go out 6.　　　　　(two) a week now and I’m getting a bit deaf. But this is unimportant. I’ve got my children and my grandchildren， and they mean everything to me.  【答案】1.ninetieth　此空填序数词，指“第九十个生日”。 2.thirds　此空考查分数的表达法，分子用基数词，分母用序数词，当分子大于1时，分母用复数形式。故此空填thirds。 3.four　此空填基数词，表示“数量”，指“四个孩子”。 4.1970s/1970’s　此处是年代的表达。in the 1970s/in the 1970’s指“在20世纪70年代”。 5.hundreds　hundreds of指“数百个，成百的”。 6.twice　twice a week指“每周两次”。 三、语法填空 A （24-25七年级下·福建福州·期末）阅读下面短文，根据语境或所给单词的提示，在每个空格内填入恰当的词，要求所填的词意义准确、形式正确，使短文意思完整、行文连贯（最多两个词）。 In Germany, 1 (much) children learn how to ride their bikes 2 the help of their parents. But if they want to ride bikes by 3 on the road, they have to pass a test when they are in the 4 (four) grade. The test is quite like our driving test. First, the students must learn how to ride bikes 5 (safe) on the road. They must have about thirty classes. Every student gets a green book. The book can tell them how 6 (keep) safe on the road and what to do if they get hurt. So the students always find the book is 7 (help). After the classes, the students have two written (书面的) tests. Then they can do some riding exercises at school. Some teachers also come to give them guidance (指导)。 At last, the 8 (student) have a real test on the road. If they pass the test, they can get 9 bike licence (执照). Then they can ride bikes alone on the road. We all know Germans are very precise (严谨的). We can see this from their riding test for primary school students. The students learn about both riding skills 10 the spirit (精神) of the country. 【答案】1．most 2．with 3．themselves 4．fourth 5．safely 6．to keep 7．helpful 8．students 9．a 10．and 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了德国针对学生进行的自行车执照考试的一些事情。 1．句意：在德国，大多数孩子在父母的帮助下学习如何骑自行车。根据题意和提示词可知，children是可数名词，此处应用形容词最高级修饰，表示大多数孩子，much的最高级为most，此处意为“大多数”。故填most。 2．句意：在德国，大多数孩子在父母的帮助下学习如何骑自行车。根据题意可知，孩子在父母的帮助下学习如何骑自行车， with the help of “在……的帮助下”，固定短语。故填with。 3．句意：但是，如果他们想在路上自己骑自行车，他们必须在四年级的时候通过一个测试。by oneself“独自”，固定短语，主语是they，所以，此处应为themselves。故填themselves。 4．句意：但是，如果他们想在路上自己骑自行车，他们必须在四年级的时候通过一个测试。根据空前定冠词the可知，空处应用four的序数词fourth。故填fourth。 5．句意：首先，学生们必须学会如何在路上安全地骑自行车。根据题意和提示词可知，ride是动词，空处应用safe的副词形式safely修饰动词ride。故填safely。 6．句意：这本书可以告诉他们如何在路上保持安全，如果他们受伤了该怎么办。分析句子可知，空处作目的状语，应用动词不定式，所以，此处“to keep”符合题意。故填to keep。 7．句意：所以，学生们总是发现这本书是有帮助的。be helpful“有帮助的”，此处应用形容词helpful作表语。故填helpful。 8．句意：最后，学生们在路上进行了一次真正的测试。根据“At last, the… have a real test on the road.”和提示词可知，本句是一般现在时，谓语动词have是动词原形，所以，空处应用复数名词，即student的复数形式students。故填students。 9．句意：如果他们通过了考试，就可以得到一张自行车执照。此处表泛指，且名词bike以辅音音素开头，空处应用a，表泛指。故填a。 10．句意：学生们学习骑马技巧和国家精神。both…and…“两者都……”，连接两个并列的成分。故填and。 B （24-25七年级下·福建福州·期末）Lucy Blaylock is a young girl. She is kind and 1 (help). She makes blankets (毯子) for children from poor families. Lucy started to help poor children 2 she was eight. She made a blanket 3 a gift for her friend’s birthday. “She loved it,” Lucy said. “So I 4 (think) maybe other kids needed this kind of love, too.” Her mom posted (发布) online that Lucy wanted to make a blanket for someone who 5 (true) needed care. Many children asked 6 (she) for blankets, so Lucy worked hard. And she has made over 800 blankets for kids in 19 7 (country) from that time. Her favorite part is to learn about each child. “I love hearing their stories and 8 (get) to know them,” she said. On each of the blankets, Lucy adds 9 hand-sewn (手工缝制的) heart. “That’s to let other children know they are loved,” she said. Many kids received a blanket from Lucy, and they keep in touch with her. She now has friends all over the world. “I love knowing that I can make a 10 (different),” Lucy said. 【答案】1．helpful 2．when 3．as 4．thought 5．truly 6．her 7．countries 8．getting 9．a 10．difference 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述善良女孩Lucy Blaylock为贫困儿童制作毯子的暖心故事。 1．句意：她善良且乐于助人。根据“and”可知，此处应用与“kind”并列的积极词汇描述Lucy的性格，形容词helpful“有帮助的”符合语境，作表语。故填helpful。 2．句意：Lucy在8岁时开始帮助贫困儿童。根据“Lucy started to help poor children...she was eight.”可知，此处指当Lucy8岁时，她开始帮助贫困儿童，应用when“当……时”引导时间状语从句。故填when。 3．句意：她制作了一条毯子作为给朋友的生日礼物。根据“She made a blanket...a gift for her friend’s birthday.”可知，此处指她把毯子作为礼物送给朋友，表示毯子的用途，用介词as“作为”。故填as。 4．句意：所以我想，也许其他孩子也需要这种爱。根据上文“She loved it”可知，此处讲述过去发生的事情，用一般过去时，谓语动词用过去式thought。故填thought。 5．句意：Lucy的妈妈在网上发帖说，Lucy想为真正需要照顾的人做一条毯子。修饰动词“needed”应用副词truly“真正地”。故填truly。 6．句意：许多孩子向她要毯子，所以Lucy努力工作。动词“asked”后接宾格her“她”作宾语。故填her。 7．句意：从那时起，她已经为19个国家的孩子们制作了800多条毯子。“19”后需接可数名词的复数形式countries“国家”。故填countries。 8．句意：“我喜欢听他们的故事，了解他们，”她说。根据“and”可知，此处与“hearing”并列，应用动名词形式getting。故填getting。 9．句意：在每条毯子上，Lucy都加了一个手工缝制的心形。此处泛指“一个心形”，且“hand-sewn”以辅音音素开头，应用不定冠词a。故填a。 10．句意：“我喜欢知道我能有所作为，”Lucy说。make a difference为固定搭配，表示“有作用或影响”。故填difference。 四、选词填空 A （24-25七年级下·河南洛阳·期末）阅读短文，从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使短文通顺、意思完整。每空限填一词，每词限用一次。 possible  count  use  wash  fact  earth  drop  tap  tooth  develop What do you think of water in our daily life? I think water is 1 and valuable. We use water to cook, do washing or cleaning. So we can’t live without water. As a matter of 2 , some people still waste water. For example, they don’t remember to turn off 3 . Some people always use the 4 machine for just a few dirty clothes. In fact, there isn’t enough water on the 5 . So, it’s important for us to save every 6 of water. How can we save water, then? First, we should 7 the good habit of saving water. For example, we can turn off the tap when brushing our 8 . Second, we should take a quick shower. Finally, we can wash as many clothes as 9 at a time. In short, every drop 10 ! So all of us must try our best to protect and save water. 【答案】1．useful 2．fact 3．taps 4．washing 5．earth 6．drop 7．develop 8．teeth 9．possible 10．counts 【导语】本文论述水在日常生活中不可或缺且宝贵，指出存在的水资源浪费现象，说明地球水资源并不充足，进而阐述节约用水的重要性及具体节水方法，呼吁大家保护和节约用水。 1．句意：我认为水是有用且宝贵的。此处and并列前后两个形容词，根据“We use water to cook, do washing or cleaning.”可知水有实用价值，“use”的形容词useful“有用的”符合语境，故填useful。 2．句意：事实上，一些人仍然在浪费水。“as a matter of fact”是固定短语，意为“事实上”，故填fact。 3．句意：例如，他们不记得关掉水龙头。根据“some people still waste water.”可知，此处在举例介绍生活中浪费水的行为，don’t remember to turn off taps“不记得关掉水龙头”符合语境，这里用复数形式“taps”泛指各类水龙头，故填taps。 4．句意：一些人总是只用洗衣机洗几件脏衣服。“washing machine”是“洗衣机”，符合语境说的用水相关的洗衣行为。此处用动名词washing作定语，表示用途。故填washing。 5．句意：事实上，地球上没有足够的水。此处用there be句型介绍水资源存在的地方，on the earth“在地球上”是固定表达，说明水资源所处范围，故填earth。 6．句意：所以，对我们来说节约每一滴水是很重要的。every drop of water“每一滴水”，符合倡导节约用水，从点滴做起的意思，故填drop。 7．句意：首先，我们应该养成节约用水的好习惯。“develop the habit of...”是“养成……习惯”，符合培养节水习惯的语境。should之后跟动词原形，故填develop。 8．句意：例如，我们刷牙的时候可以关掉水龙头。横线处作动词brushing“刷”的宾语，brush one’s teeth“刷牙”符合刷牙关水龙头的语境，不止一颗牙齿，tooth要变复数teeth。故填teeth。 9．句意：最后，我们一次可以尽可能多洗些衣服。考查固定短语as...as possible“尽可能……”，强调提高水的利用率，一次尽可能多洗衣服。故填possible。 10．句意：简而言之，每一滴水都很重要！这里是说每一滴水都有价值、重要，“count”动词，意为“有价值；重要”，主语“every drop”是单数，一般现在时中动词用第三人称单数形式“counts”。故填counts。 B （24-25七年级下·河南洛阳·期末）阅读短文，从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使短文通顺、意思完整。每空限填一词，每词限用一次。 in, member, three, how, difficulty, their, careful, divide, mean, task Teamwork plays an important role (起重要作用) in our daily life. People often hear that there’s no “I” in a team. It 1 that we need to work with others to make the team successful (成功的). While discussing things in a group, it is important for students to share 2 own ideas, but they should also remember to listen to others 3 . It can help students learn 4 to share their ideas in front of other people. Talking with others in a team is very important. The team members should know three key points. First, what is the work? Second, what is the goal? 5 , what should everyone do? In group work, 6 often have different roles to play. Sometimes, the head of the team may 7 the tasks. Sometimes, the members may choose their own roles in a 8 . In short, everyone 9 a team should try his or her best to work together. Even though there may be 10 , but members can solve them with teamwork. 【答案】1．means 2．their 3．carefully 4．how 5．Third 6．members 7．divide 8．task 9．in 10．difficulties 【导语】本文主要讲述了团队合作在日常生活中的重要性，强调了团队中成员间分享想法、明确角色和目标以及共同努力克服困难的重要性。 【详解】1．句意：这意味着我们需要与他人合作才能使团队成功。根据“we need to work with others to make the team successful”及所给单词可知，此处是指这意味着我们需要与他人合作，mean“意味着”，句子是一般现在时，主语是第三人称单数，动词用三单形式。故填means。 2．句意：在小组讨论时，学生分享自己的想法很重要，但他们也应该记住认真听取别人的意见。根据“share...own ideas”可知，是指分享他们自己的想法，修饰名词用形容词性物主代词their“他们的”。故填their。 3．句意：在小组讨论时，学生分享自己的想法很重要，但他们也应该记住认真听取别人的意见。根据“listen to others”可知，是指认真听取别人的意见，修饰动词用副词carefully“认真地”。故填carefully。 4．句意：它可以帮助学生学会如何在别人面前分享他们的想法。根据“share their ideas in front of other people.”可知，是如何在别人面前分享他们的想法，how“如何”符合语境。故填how。 5．句意：第三，每个人都应该做什么？根据“First, what is the work? Second, what is the goal?”可知，此处是第三点，用序数词third“第三”，句首字母大写。故填Third。 6．句意：在小组工作中，成员通常扮演不同的角色。根据“The team members should know three key points.”可知，此处是指成员，member“成员”，根据“have”可知，空处用名词复数形式。故填members。 7．句意：有时，团队负责人可能会分配任务。根据“the tasks”可知，是指分配任务，divide“分配”，may后加动词原形。故填divide。 8．句意：有时，成员可能会在任务中选择自己的角色。根据“choose their own roles in a...”可知，是指在任务中选择自己的角色，task“任务”，a后加名词单数。故填task。 9．句意：简而言之，团队中的每个人都应该尽力合作。根据“a team”可知，是指在团队中，in“在……里”符合语境。故填in。 10．句意：即使可能有困难，但成员们可以通过团队合作来解决。根据“but members can solve them with teamwork.”可知，是指困难，difficulty“困难”，此处用名词复数形式。故填difficulties。 五、任务型阅读 A （24-25七年级下·湖南常德·期末）阅读下面短文，根据短文内容回答问题或翻译划线部分。 Hello! My name is Ellen. I’m a student at Sunshine Middle School. I always go to school at 8:00 a. m. and get there at 8:30 a. m.. Today is Monday. The first class is maths. Our maths teacher asks us to do group work. I like it because I like working with my classmates. English is my favourite subject. We have four English classes a week. Miss Stone is our English teacher and she is very nice. All my classmates like her. Her classes are great fun. We read storybooks and play interesting games to learn English. We also learn Chinese every Friday. It is difficult for me but it’s interesting. I want to learn it well. Activities of Sunshine Middle School Volleyball game Place: School playground Time: 10:00 a.m.～12:30 p.m., Friday, December 1st Book sale Place: Room 201 of the teaching building Time: 11:00 a.m.～2:00 p.m., Wednesday, December 13th New Year party Place: Room 101 of the school library Time: 5:00 p.m.～8:00 p.m., Saturday, December 31st 1．Who is Miss Stone? 2．What does Ellen think of Chinese? 3．What is the date of Book Sale? 4．What subject do you like best? Why? 5．将短文中划线句子翻译成中文。 【答案】1．She is Ellen’s English teacher. 2．She thinks it is difficult but interesting. 3．It is on December 13th. 4．I like Chinese best. Because it is useful and interesting. （答案不唯一，言之有理即可） 5．我喜欢（小组合作）是因为我喜欢和同学们一起学习。 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要介绍了Ellen的学校日常生活、喜欢的科目以及阳光中学的活动安排表格。 【详解】1．根据文章第二段“Miss Stone is our English teacher and she is very nice.”可直接获取Miss Stone的身份信息。 2．根据文章第二段“We also learn Chinese every Friday. It is difficult for me but it’s interesting.”可直接获取Ellen对于中文的看法。 3．根据文章表格信息“Book sale... Time: 11:00 a.m.～2:00 p.m., Wednesday, December 13th”可直接获取图书特卖会的日期。 4．开放性题目，言之有理即可。考生需写出最喜欢的科目及原因。参考答案：I like Chinese best. Because it is useful and interesting. (答案不唯一) 5．“I like it because I like working with my classmates.”译为“我喜欢（小组合作）是因为我喜欢和同学们一起学习。”。“like”对应“喜欢”，“because”对应“因为”，“work with”对应“与……一起工作/合作”。 B （24-25七年级下·湖南邵阳·期末）Today is Sunday and it’s 3:00 p.m. now. Ann and her family are all staying in because it’s raining hard outside. Ann’s parents are in the kitchen. Her father is making dumplings and her mother is cooking soup. Her grandfather and her little brother Tom are in the living room. Her grandfather is reading a book. Tom is watching a film on TV. Where is Ann? She is in her room. She isn’t feeling very well. Tom wants her to watch the film with him. But Ann thinks it’s too boring. She chooses to write to her uncle. Her uncle is having a holiday in London now. She is looking forward to seeing him soon. “Maybe he will give me a gift. What will it be?” she thinks. 1．Why are Ann and her family staying in now? 2．What is Ann’s father making? 3．What is Tom doing? 4．Where is Ann’s uncle? 5．将短文中画线句子翻译成中文。 【答案】1．Because it’s raining hard outside. 2．He is making dumplings. 3．He is watching a film on TV. 4．He is in London. 5．她期待着很快见到他。 【导语】本文主要讲述了周日下午Ann一家因大雨待在家中，家人各自进行的活动以及Ann的状态与想法。 【详解】1．首段直接说明原因“Ann and her family are all staying in because it’s raining hard outside.” 因此答案是原文直接信息。 2．第二段明确提到“Her father is making dumplings”。这是原文中的具体活动信息，直接提取。 3．第二段结尾指出“Tom is watching a film on TV”。这是原文中的直接信息，直接提取。 4．第三段说明“Her uncle is having a holiday in London now”。这是原文中的地点信息，直接提取。 5．“She is looking forward to seeing him soon.”译为“她期待着很快见到他”。“She”译为“她”；“is looking forward to”是固定短语，译为“期待、盼望”，其中“to”是介词，后接名词、代词或动名词；“seeing”是动词“see”的动名词形式，译为“见到”；“him”译为“他”；“soon”译为“很快、不久”。 19 / 21 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题03 数词和介词 （暑假复习讲义） 内容导航 01 复习目标→ 明考向、知权重、晓关联、以目标导学，以考向定标 02 知识重构 → 系统讲解核心知识，重构整合形成体系 脉络重构：快速扫描高频考点，定位薄区 典例破题：精选例题，呈现思路点拨+规范解答+方法提炼 巩固提升：趁热打铁练一练，强化巩固所学 03综合通关 → 综合演练，梯度设题；查漏补缺，闭环收官 知识点 常考考点 命题风向 数词 1. 基数词的的应用 2. 序数词的读写和应用 1. 越来越注重语境理解，单纯的时间标志词识别题减少； 2. 不同时态进行对比辨析； 3. 在语篇中考查时态的一致性。 介词 1.表时间的介词 2.表示地点、方位的介词 考情解码：一般在单项选择题，完形填空、语法填空、选词填空题出现 ( 脉 ｜ 络 ｜ 重 ｜ 构 ) ( 考 ｜ 点 ｜ 精 ｜ 讲 ) 知识点一 数词 【课标要求】 考点1 基数词和序数词的构成 数词是指表示数目多少或顺序先后的词，分为基数词和序数词。常见基数词和序数词的构成如下： 1—9 11—19 10—90（整十） 几十几 100及以上 基数词 序数词 基数词 序数词 基数词 序数词 one first eleven eleventh ten tenth 基数词： twenty-one thirty-two 序数词： twenty-first thirty-second 基数词： one hundred（一百） one thousand（一千） one million（一百万） one billion（十亿） one hundred and one one hundred and ninety-nine 序数词： one hundred and first （第一百零一） two second twelve twelfth twenty twentieth three third thirteen thirteenth thirty thirtieth four fourth fourteen fourteenth forty fortieth five fifth fifteen fifteenth fifty fiftieth six sixth sixteen sixteenth sixty sixtieth seven seventh seventeen seventeenth seventy seventieth eight eighth eighteen eighteenth eighty eightieth nine ninth nineteen nineteenth ninety ninetieth 考点2 基数词和序数词的用法 一、基数词的用法 用法 示例 表示数量 具体数量用“基数词+可数名词单数/复数” one apple two hundred dollars 概数用“hundreds/thousands/millions/billions+ of +可数名词复数” thousands of buildings 表示年代 “in the+整十年份的阿拉伯数字加-s”表示“在……世纪……年代” in the 1980s（在20世纪80年代） 表示年龄 “基数词+year（s）+old”表示“……岁” nine years old “at the age of+基数词”表示“在……岁时” at the age of nine “in one's+整十基数词的复数形式”表示“在某人几十多岁时” in his twenties（在他20多岁时） 表示时刻 表示“……点整”用“基数词+o'clock” three o'clock 若分钟数小于或等于30分钟,用“基数词+past+基数词”，表示“……点过……分” ten past three（三点十分） 若分钟数大于30分钟,用“基数词+to+基数词”，表示“差……分到……点” ten to three（两点五十分） 表示时间/距离等 基数词与表示时间、距离、重量、金钱等的词连用作主语时，常被看作是一个整体，谓语动词用单数形式 Ten minutes is a long time when we are waiting. 用含基数词的名词所有格作定语 fifteen minutes' drive （15分钟的车程） 构成复合形容词 “基数词+连字符+单数名词（+连字符+形容词）”，作定语，表示时间、距离、年龄等 a fifteen-minute drive（一段15分钟的车程） a five-year-old girl 拓展 次数的表达 once“一次”，twice“两次”，三次及以上均由“基数词+times”构成（如three times）。这些词可用于回答how often（多久一次）开头的问句。如： —How often does your mom go to the market? —Twice a week. 二、序数词的用法 用法 示例 修饰单数名词，表示顺序、日期等 the first time（第一次） on the second day 序数词前若无其他修饰成分，必须使用the；如果有形容词性物主代词、名词所有格修饰时，则不用the The sixth girl on the left is my cousin. This is Tom's second visit to China. 序数词前可以用a或an，此时表示“又一，再一” I have read this book three times, but I want to read it a fourth time. 拓展 分数的表达 分子用基数词，分母用序数词。分子如果大于1，表示分母的序数词后加s。分母若是2，通常用half表示；分母若是4，可以用quarter表示。如： 1/2 a/one half； 1/3 a/one third； 3/4 three quarters/three fourths； 2/5 two fifths。 【巩固提升1】 1．—Can you read the number “40,424,000” in English?   —Yes, it’s ________. A．forty million, four hundred and twenty-four thousand B．forty thousand, four hundred and twenty-four million C．forty million, four hundred, twenty four thousand 2．Several ________ people come to China for a visit every year. A．millions of B．million C．millions 3．He is ________ years old, and today is his ________ birthday. A．fourty; fortieth B．fourty; the fortieth C．forty; fortieth 4．—Is your uncle in his ________? —Yes. His forty-first birthday is coming next month. A．fortieth B．fourties C．forties 5．—What time do you usually get up, John? —I usually get up at ________. A．half past six B．half to six C．half after six 6．They built a new road in the countryside. The road is ________. A．30-meters wide B．30 meters width C．30-meter wide 7．Great changes took place in China ________. A．in the 1980s B．in the 1980 C．in 1980s 8．—How many apples do you need? —I need ________ . A．two kilos of apples B．two kilos of apple C．two kilo of apples 9．There are ______ months in a year. A．twelve B．twelfth C．twelves 10．—Xi’an is really a beautiful city and there are many places of interest. —I think so; why not stay here for ________ two days? A．other B．others C．another 11．About ________ of the students in this city ________ to school by bus. A．three quarter; go B．three quarters; go C．three quarters; goes 12．On my ________ birthday, I got a guitar as a gift from my father. A．twelve B．the twelfth C．twelfth 13．This is my ________ day here, and everyone ________ friendly to me. A．the first; is B．first; is C．first; are 14．I want to have a ________ try on the music stage (舞台) in my forties. I believe I will succeed. A．three B．third C．thirds 15．________ tourists visited our city for the ________ time during the May Day holiday. A．Hundred of; two B．Hundreds of; second C．Hundreds of; two 【巩固提升2】 1．We are from Class _________ Grade Seven. (one) 2．I live on the ________ (five) floor. 3．It’s my ________ (one) day at the school. It’s great for me to meet Alice here. 4．On her ________(ninety) birthday, the kind old woman gets lots of love from neighbors. 5．Villagers here hold a market day on the ________ (nine) day of every month. 6．The river is four _________ (thousand) kilometres long. 7．My father went back to university to study art history in his ________ (forty). 8．The girl got lots of gifts on her ________ (twenty) birthday. 9．He is the ________ (five) child in the family. 10．How lucky we are to live in the ________ (twenty-one) century! 【巩固提升3】 1．这个公园是数百种动植物的家园。 The park ________ kinds of plants and animals. 2．在20世纪60年代，我们的学校很小，只有大约40名学生。 , our school was small with only about 40 students. 3．您能再给我两分钟吗？ Could you give me ________ ________ minutes? 4．我和我的家人每个月去动物园一次，去看可爱的动物。 My family and I go to the zoo ________ a ________ to see cute animals. 5．图书馆里有成千上万本书。 There are ________ ________ ________ in the library. 【巩固提升4】 将方框中所给词的适当形式填入短文中，每词仅用一次。 hundred forty two one There are 1 students in our class—twenty boys and twenty girls.We have never gone on a trip together before,so this is our 2 class trip.We carefully planned the trip and finally decided to visit the city museum.When we arrived,we were amazed to see 3 of people waiting in line.First,we visited the exhibition on the first floor.After that,when we reached the 4 floor,we saw many cultural relics（文物）.All in all,we had a very meaningful day. 知识点二 介词 一、时间介词 介词 用法 示例 in in+世纪/年/季节/月 in the 21st century in 2026 in spring in March 表示在上午/下午/晚上 in the morning/afternoon/evening in+一段时间，表示“……（多久）以后” They will finish the work in an hour. on on+日期/星期几/含有Day的节日 on June 2nd on Friday on Children's Day on+特定某一天的上午/下午/晚上 on Sunday afternoon at at+具体的时刻 at seven o'clock at a quarter to one 与年龄、三餐、正午、夜晚、一些节日等搭配 at the age of five at breakfast at noon/night 二、地点介词 1.表示地理位置的 in、on、at和to 介词 图解及用法 例句 in 某一小地点在另一大地点范围之内；用于较大的地方 （如：国家、城市、乡镇、水域等）前 Yunnan is in the southwest of China. on 一地不在另一地范围内，但两地接壤 Hubei is on the north of Hunan. to 不包含，也不接壤 Japan lies to the east of China. at 用于较小的地方（如：学校、机场等）前 I work at a school. 2.表示方位的介词 方位 介词 含义与用法 例句 上 on 表示在某物的表面上，且相互接触 There is a plate on the table. above 表示在某物上方，但不必在其垂直上方，不接触 Raise your arms above your head. over 表示在某物的垂直上方，不接触 There is a bridge over the river. 下 under 表示在某物的垂直下方，不接触 The ball is under the table. below 表示在某物的下方，但不必在其垂直下方，且不接触 Our apartment is below theirs. 前 in front of 表示在某物的前面，并且在其外面 There are some trees in front of the classroom. in the front of 表示在某物内部的前面 There's a teacher's deskin the front of the classroom. 后 behind 表示在某物的后面 There is a bank behind the post office. 中间 between 表示在两者之间，常与and连用 Maria sits between Lucy and Lily. among 表示在三者或三者以上之间 Miss Wang stands among her students. 对面 opposite 表示“在……对面”，与across from同义 She sat opposite/across from me at the table. 沿着 along 表示“沿着；顺着” He walked along the road. 附近、旁边 near 表示“在……附近” After the accident, her friend sat next to/beside/by/near her all night. next to 表示“紧邻；在……近旁” by 表示“靠近；在……旁边” beside 表示“在……旁边/附近” 倚 against 表示“紧靠；倚” Put the bike against the wall. 横过 across 指从事物表面的一边到另一边，用于表示横穿马路、过桥、过河等 He can swim across the river. 穿过 through 指从事物的内部通过 She had to push her way through the crowd to get to her son. 【巩固提升1】 1.________ a hot afternoon, a few boys went fishing. A．At B．On C．In 2.—When do you usually get up ________ Saturday mornings? —At 8:00. I can sleep a little later. A．on B．in C．at 3.—When will “Colorwalk” be famous around the country? —I think it will be well-known ________ a few years. A．after B．in C．before 4.We took part in the Hainan Island Ring Tourist Highway study tour last Saturday. It began ________ 6:30 a.m. A．in B．on C．at 5.I’ll ________ Beijing this Sunday. A．get B．arrive in C．arrive at 6.The pay phone is ________ Green Street and it’s across ________ the library. A．in; to B．at; through C．on; from 7.—Why are you unhappy these days, Julie? —Two tall boys sit ________ me. I can’t see the blackboard. A．behind B．in the front of C．in front of 8.—Lucy, where do you sit in the classroom? —I sit ________ Lily. She’s in front of me. A．behind B．beside C．next to 9.—Shanghai is __________ our hometown. —Yes, you are right. A．500 kilometers far away from B．500 kilometers away from C．500 kilometers far from 10.Look at the map. Our school is ________ the library and the park. A．next to B．between C．in front of 【巩固提升2】 A 1 1640,an old man returned home,weak but peaceful after his final journey.Villagers asked,“You traveled all your life.Do you regret it?”His eyes still shone brightly 2 the moment he answered,“I saw China's greatest wonders and walked where heroes like Zhang Qian once stood.How could I regret it?”This man was Xu Xiake,a traveler who left his footprints 3 China. Xu's story shows the true meaning 4 travel:it changes how we see life.Every step he took reminds us that traveling is not only like talking with nature,but helps us grow wiser.Today,when we walk his paths,we remember his lesson—real discoveries happen not just 5 moving forward,but by daring to explore the unknown. B In the past few years， quite a number of men and women have chosen to do something less challenging. They are afraid that the stress of work robs them1.　　　　　 joy and happiness and brings them harm both physically and mentally.  2.　　　　　 fact， however， stress isn’t such a bad thing. Above all， unless it gets out of control， a certain amount of stress is 3.　　　　　 importance as it provides people 4.　　　　　 motivation(动机)， challenges， and purposes. Besides， people under stress prefer to realize their potential(潜能) and achieve their own personal worth—the very purpose of a human life. Last but not least， research has showed that proper stress can strengthen the immune system(免疫系统) and is good 5.　　　　　 health.  Stress is a natural part of everyday life and there is no way to escape. Developing our abilities to deal with stress can prevent us 6.　　　　　 being defeated(打败) by competitive society.  一、用所给单词的适当形式填空 A 用适当的介词完成下列句子 1.There are many apples 　 　 the tree in our yard.  2.My grandpa died peacefully 　 　a cold winter afternoon.  3.Li Fei improved his spoken English 　 　 watching English documentaries.  4.There will be a dancing competition 　 　the sixteenth day of March.  5.The old man's garden is so beautiful 　 　spring that kids like to play there.  6.Lily is only six years old, but she is very good 　 　 cooking.  7.Mr.Lin's flight will arrive 　 　 half an hour.Let's take a taxi to the airport.  8.Miss Yang helped her neighbor buy two kilos 　 　 sugar on her way home.  9.Mary has been looking 　 　 her ruler for 10 minutes. But it is actually in her schoolbag.  10.The students usually have their first class 　 　eight o'clock 　 　the morning.  11.I like dancing and singing and often spend a lot of time　 　 them.  12.Where is the key 　 　the front door?  13.After school, I like playing computer games and chatting 　 　my friends 　 　the Internet.  14.I learned a lot 　 　 the other students in this class.  15.What do you think 　 　my new car?  16.I hurried to school 　 　breakfast this morning, so I feel hungry now.  17.The man is a great basketball player.We are all proud 　 　 him.  18.My mother will come home 　 　 the morning of August 8.  19.I grew up 　 　 the foot of the mountain.  20.That naughty boy hid 　 　 the door and waited for his friends to find him.  B 1.Our town has been famous since the 　　　　　century.(twelve)  2.Every year， 　　　　　(百万) of books are donated to the children in poor areas.  3.Tomorrow they will have a party to celebrate his brother’s 　　　　　(五) birthday.  4.My sister was born on the 　　　　　(九) of June.  5.Seven 　　　　　(十二) of the students took part in the activity last weekend.  6.My aunt became a nurse in her 　　　　　(twenty) and she still loves her job now.  7.Two 　　　　　(nine) of the land in this area is covered with trees and grass. The rest is sandy.  8.I found out about Yumenguan in the famous poem written by Wang Zhihuan for the 　　　　　(one) time.  9.Wang Yaping， China’s 　　　　　(two) female astronaut， has recently recorded a video to send her greetings to women around the world on Women’s Day.  10.My uncle lives in a town 　　　　kilometers from Yangzhou. (十五)  二、语篇填空 　　This time yesterday， Mr Zhang was celebrating his 1.　　　　　(ninety) birthday at home.  He said this to his family members: About two 2.　　　　　(three) of the people change houses during their lifetimes， but I have lived in this house since I was born. I’ve got 3.　　　　　(four) children and all of them were born in this house too. Most of the time it is a happy place. The street is very different from the one when I was young. In the 4.　　　　　(1970)， there were no cars and all the children played in the road. Some children still do， but it’s not the same—you’ve got to be very careful nowadays with the traffic. In the street， few people who live in the street are as old as I am now—many of them have died; 5.　　　　　(hundred) of neighbours have moved to another area. I only go out 6.　　　　　(two) a week now and I’m getting a bit deaf. But this is unimportant. I’ve got my children and my grandchildren， and they mean everything to me.  三、语法填空 A （24-25七年级下·福建福州·期末）阅读下面短文，根据语境或所给单词的提示，在每个空格内填入恰当的词，要求所填的词意义准确、形式正确，使短文意思完整、行文连贯（最多两个词）。 In Germany, 1 (much) children learn how to ride their bikes 2 the help of their parents. But if they want to ride bikes by 3 on the road, they have to pass a test when they are in the 4 (four) grade. The test is quite like our driving test. First, the students must learn how to ride bikes 5 (safe) on the road. They must have about thirty classes. Every student gets a green book. The book can tell them how 6 (keep) safe on the road and what to do if they get hurt. So the students always find the book is 7 (help). After the classes, the students have two written (书面的) tests. Then they can do some riding exercises at school. Some teachers also come to give them guidance (指导)。 At last, the 8 (student) have a real test on the road. If they pass the test, they can get 9 bike licence (执照). Then they can ride bikes alone on the road. We all know Germans are very precise (严谨的). We can see this from their riding test for primary school students. The students learn about both riding skills 10 the spirit (精神) of the country. B （24-25七年级下·福建福州·期末）Lucy Blaylock is a young girl. She is kind and 1 (help). She makes blankets (毯子) for children from poor families. Lucy started to help poor children 2 she was eight. She made a blanket 3 a gift for her friend’s birthday. “She loved it,” Lucy said. “So I 4 (think) maybe other kids needed this kind of love, too.” Her mom posted (发布) online that Lucy wanted to make a blanket for someone who 5 (true) needed care. Many children asked 6 (she) for blankets, so Lucy worked hard. And she has made over 800 blankets for kids in 19 7 (country) from that time. Her favorite part is to learn about each child. “I love hearing their stories and 8 (get) to know them,” she said. On each of the blankets, Lucy adds 9 hand-sewn (手工缝制的) heart. “That’s to let other children know they are loved,” she said. Many kids received a blanket from Lucy, and they keep in touch with her. She now has friends all over the world. “I love knowing that I can make a 10 (different),” Lucy said. 四、选词填空 A （24-25七年级下·河南洛阳·期末）阅读短文，从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使短文通顺、意思完整。每空限填一词，每词限用一次。 possible  count  use  wash  fact  earth  drop  tap  tooth  develop What do you think of water in our daily life? I think water is 1 and valuable. We use water to cook, do washing or cleaning. So we can’t live without water. As a matter of 2 , some people still waste water. For example, they don’t remember to turn off 3 . Some people always use the 4 machine for just a few dirty clothes. In fact, there isn’t enough water on the 5 . So, it’s important for us to save every 6 of water. How can we save water, then? First, we should 7 the good habit of saving water. For example, we can turn off the tap when brushing our 8 . Second, we should take a quick shower. Finally, we can wash as many clothes as 9 at a time. In short, every drop 10 ! So all of us must try our best to protect and save water. B （24-25七年级下·河南洛阳·期末）阅读短文，从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使短文通顺、意思完整。每空限填一词，每词限用一次。 in, member, three, how, difficulty, their, careful, divide, mean, task Teamwork plays an important role (起重要作用) in our daily life. People often hear that there’s no “I” in a team. It 1 that we need to work with others to make the team successful (成功的). While discussing things in a group, it is important for students to share 2 own ideas, but they should also remember to listen to others 3 . It can help students learn 4 to share their ideas in front of other people. Talking with others in a team is very important. The team members should know three key points. First, what is the work? Second, what is the goal? 5 , what should everyone do? In group work, 6 often have different roles to play. Sometimes, the head of the team may 7 the tasks. Sometimes, the members may choose their own roles in a 8 . In short, everyone 9 a team should try his or her best to work together. Even though there may be 10 , but members can solve them with teamwork. 五、任务型阅读 A （24-25七年级下·湖南常德·期末）阅读下面短文，根据短文内容回答问题或翻译划线部分。 Hello! My name is Ellen. I’m a student at Sunshine Middle School. I always go to school at 8:00 a. m. and get there at 8:30 a. m.. Today is Monday. The first class is maths. Our maths teacher asks us to do group work. I like it because I like working with my classmates. English is my favourite subject. We have four English classes a week. Miss Stone is our English teacher and she is very nice. All my classmates like her. Her classes are great fun. We read storybooks and play interesting games to learn English. We also learn Chinese every Friday. It is difficult for me but it’s interesting. I want to learn it well. Activities of Sunshine Middle School Volleyball game Place: School playground Time: 10:00 a.m.～12:30 p.m., Friday, December 1st Book sale Place: Room 201 of the teaching building Time: 11:00 a.m.～2:00 p.m., Wednesday, December 13th New Year party Place: Room 101 of the school library Time: 5:00 p.m.～8:00 p.m., Saturday, December 31st 1．Who is Miss Stone? 2．What does Ellen think of Chinese? 3．What is the date of Book Sale? 4．What subject do you like best? Why? 5．将短文中划线句子翻译成中文。 B （24-25七年级下·湖南邵阳·期末）Today is Sunday and it’s 3:00 p.m. now. Ann and her family are all staying in because it’s raining hard outside. Ann’s parents are in the kitchen. Her father is making dumplings and her mother is cooking soup. Her grandfather and her little brother Tom are in the living room. Her grandfather is reading a book. Tom is watching a film on TV. Where is Ann? She is in her room. She isn’t feeling very well. Tom wants her to watch the film with him. But Ann thinks it’s too boring. She chooses to write to her uncle. Her uncle is having a holiday in London now. She is looking forward to seeing him soon. “Maybe he will give me a gift. What will it be?” she thinks. 1．Why are Ann and her family staying in now? 2．What is Ann’s father making? 3．What is Tom doing? 4．Where is Ann’s uncle? 5．将短文中画线句子翻译成中文。 19 / 21 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $