专题03 代词-【暑假自学课】2025年新八年级英语暑假提升精品讲义（仁爱科普版2024）

专题03 代词的用法 内容导航 考点聚焦：核心考点+高考考点，有的放矢 重点速记：知识点和关键点梳理，查漏补缺 难点强化：难点内容标注与讲解，能力提升 复习提升：真题感知+提升专练，全面突破 核心考点聚焦 考点一 代词的用法 1.人称代词、物主代词和反身代词 类别 人称代词 物主代词 反身代词 主格 宾格 形容词性 名词性 第一人称 单数 I me my mine myself 复数 we us our ours ourselves 第二人称 单数 you you your yours yourself 复数 you you your yours yourselves 第三人称 单数 he him his his himself she her her hers herself it it its its itself 复数 they them their theirs themselves 【拓展】 1.常见含形容词性物主代词的短语 all one’s life 某人一生 change one’s mind 改变某人的主意　 come to one’s mind 忽然想起 do/try one’s best 尽某人最大的努力hold one’s breath 屏住呼吸 in one’s opinion 在某人看来 keep one’s word 信守诺言 lose one’s life 某人失去生命 lose one’s way 迷路 make one’s way 前往；费力地前进 make up one’s mind 下定决心 on one’s own 独自 save one’s life 挽救某人的生命 take one’s time 不着急，慢慢来 take one’s order 点菜 take one’s place 代替某人 take one’s temperature 量体温 to one’s surprise 令某人惊讶的是 with one’s help 在某人的帮助下 2.常见含反身代词的短语 ①动词之后 enjoy oneself 玩得愉快 teach oneself＝learn by oneself 自学 hurt oneself伤到自己 dress oneself自己穿衣服 help oneself to随便吃/喝…… lose oneself in沉浸在……中 make oneself at home别拘束，别客气 prove oneself 证明自己 ②介词之后 keep...to oneself保守秘密 laugh to oneself 暗自发笑 look after/take care of oneself照顾自己 say to oneself自言自语 think to oneself盘算，自思自忖 leave sb. by oneself把某人单独留下 believe in oneself相信自己 2.考查普通不定代词的用法 常见普通不定代词的用法 1.both/neither/either/all/none ★都常与of连用，除none仅作代词外，前四个词既可作代词，又可作限定词修饰名词。 ①both意为“两者都”，修饰或指代复数可数名词。作主语时，谓语动词用复数。 ②neither意为“两者都不”，修饰或指代单数可数名词。作主语时，谓语动词通常用单数。 ③either意为“两者中任何一个”，修饰或指代单数可数名词。作主语时，谓语动词用单数。 ④all意为“全体，一切”，修饰或指代复数可数名词或不可数名词，指三者或三者以上的所有人或物。作主语时，谓语动词与其后名词的数保持一致。 ⑤none意为“没有一个，全无”，指代人或物，常用搭配none of。既可指代复数可数名词，也可指代不可数名词。作主语时，谓语动词可用单数或复数。 2.few/a few/little/a little ①a few/a little意为“少量的，一些”，a few修饰或指代可数名词，a little修饰或指代不可数名词。 ②few/little意为“几乎没有”，few修饰或指代可数名词，little修饰或指代不可数名词。 3.each/every ①each指两者或两者以上中的“每一个”，强调个体，可用作形容词或代词。 ②every指三者或三者以上中的“每一个”，强调整体，只可作形容词，不可单独使用。 ③each/every＋名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数。 ④each可与of连用，every不可与of连用。 4.some/any ①some和any都可修饰或指代可数名词和不可数名词，表示“一些”。 ②some主要用在肯定句中，any多用于疑问句、否定句或条件句中。但在疑问句中，如希望得到肯定回答或表示请求、建议时，要用some。如： I could not answer any of her questions. 我无法回答她的任何问题。 Do you have any suggestions？ 你有什么建议吗？ Would you like some oranges？ 你想要些橙子吗？ 5.many/much ①两者都意为“许多，大量”。 ②many修饰或指代可数名词；much修饰或指代不可数名词。 6.another/other/the other/others/the others（见本书P48） 3.考查复合不定代词的用法 1.初中常见复合不定代词一览表 some- any- no- every- -body somebody（某人） anybody（任何人） nobody（没有人） everybody（每人） -one someone（某人） anyone（任何人） no one（没有人） everyone（每人） -thing something（某事） anything（任何事） nothing（没有东西） everything（每件事） 2.复合不定代词只能作主语、宾语和表语，不能作定语。作主语时，谓语动词一般用单数。 如：Someone is crying in the room. 有人在房间里哭泣。 3.当形容词或else修饰复合不定代词时，必须放在其后。 如：There is nothing difficult in the world if you put your heart into it. 世上无难事，只怕有心人。 【拓展】 1.常见含复合不定代词的句型： ①There is something wrong with... ……出问题了。 ②...have something/nothing to do with... ……与……有关/无关 ③sb. can do nothing but... 某人什么都不能做，只能…… ④There is nothing to... 没有什么要…… 2.somebody， anybody可指有一点地位或小有名气的人物；nobody指没有地位或默默无闻的人物。something往往指了不起的东西；nothing指无关紧要的东西。如： He thinks himself somebody，but we think him nobody. 他自以为是重要人物，但我们觉得他什么也不是。 考查指示代词的用法 　常见的指示代词主要有：this/these/that/those/one/it。 1.this/these/that/those （1）this/these表近指；that/those表远指，也常用于比较结构，代替前面提到的名词，避免重复。如： 　These are my sisters and those are my brothers. 这些是我的姐妹；那些是我的兄弟。 　I had a cold yesterday. That is why I didn’t come. 我昨天感冒了。那就是我没来的原因。 　The weather in Shanghai is better than that in Heilongjiang. 上海的天气比黑龙江的天气好。 　The coats in this shop are more expensive than those in that shop. 这家商店的外套比那家商店的外套贵。 （2）在电话用语中，this指代自己，that指代对方。如： 　－Hello！ This is Jim. Who’s that？ 喂，我是吉姆。你是哪位？ 　－Hey， Jim. This is Jack. 嘿，吉姆。我是杰克。 2.it/one/that （1）it指代上文中提到的同一事物，即同类同物。如： 　I have a new bike. My father bought it yesterday. 我有一辆新的自行车。我爸爸昨天买的。 （2）one表泛指，指代上文提到的同类中的任何一个，即同类不同物，相当于a/an＋名词。如： 　I didn’t bring my pens today. Can you lend me one？ 我今天没带钢笔。你能借我一支吗？ （3）that指代上文提到过的那个名词。如： 　The population of China is larger than that of America. 中国的人口比美国的多。 【拓展】it的特殊用法 1.it作形式主语的句型 ①It’s ＋ adj. （＋for sb.） ＋ to do sth. 做某事（对某人来说）是…… 　It’s important for us to learn Chinese well. 学好汉语对我们很重要。 ②It’s ＋ adj. ＋ of sb. ＋ to do sth. 某人做某事是…… 　It’s nice of you to help me with housework. 你帮我做家务，你真好。 ③It’s ＋adj.＋that从句 　It’s true that she is a great scientist. 她确实是一位伟大的科学家。 ④It’s ＋ n. ＋to do sth. /doing sth./that从句 　It’s a pity that he can’t come to the party. 很遗憾他不能来参加聚会。 ⑤It takes/took （sb.） ＋ 一段时间＋ to do sth. 做某事花费（某人）多长时间。 　It took me two hours to finish my homework. 我花了两个小时完成作业。 ⑥It is＋done＋that从句。如： 　It is said that... 据说……；有人说……　It is believed that... 人们认为/相信…… 　It is reported that... 据报道……　It is known that...　众所周知…… 2.it作形式宾语，常用在动词find， think， make， consider， feel等之后。如： 　I find it impossible to lie to her. 我觉得无法对她撒谎。 1．Mary’s birthday is coming. We decide to make a cake for ________. A．he B．him C．she D．her 2．（24-25七年级下·黑龙江哈尔滨·期中）My friends and I like sports. ________ often jog together after school. A．I B．We C．They 3．（24-25七年级下·福建福州·期末）—________ I use your pen, Simon? —Sorry, ________ is broken. You may ask Amy for help. A．Can; my B．Must; mine C．Can; mine 4．（24-25七年级下·重庆云阳·期末）Our choices shape (形成) our future, and ________ effect lasts a lifetime. A．their B．them C．theirs D．they 5．（24-25七年级下·福建福州·期末）The little boy said to ________, “I’ll try my best and do better next time.” A．myself B．herself C．himself 6．（24-25七年级下·福建莆田·期末）Thanks to the 240-hour visa-free policy (免签政策), more and more people from other countries come to China and enjoy ________ . A．herself B．himself C．themselves 7．（24-25七年级下·安徽芜湖·期中）The scissors are broken. I’d like to buy a new ______ this afternoon. A．it B．one C．this D．pair 8．—Who is ________ boy in a blue shirt? —He is my cousin. A．this B．that C．these D．those 9．We can write on ________ sides of the paper to protect the trees. A．all B．neither C．either D．both 10．（24-25七年级下·江苏南京·期末）—I spent so much time practicing telling a fantasy story. However, it seemed that ______ of my classmates was interested in it. —Tom, cheer up! You know if you want to achieve ______, you must try your best and never give up. A．none; something B．no one; something C．none; everything D．no one; everything 11．（22-23七年级上·贵州铜仁·期中）—________bananas are those? —They are ours. A．What B．Who C．Whose D．How 12．We’ll see ________ because we’ll come over to the UK next month. A．other B．the other C．one another D．others 13．It’s time ________ the weather report (天气预报). Let’s listen to the radio. A．to B．in C．at D．for · 思路点拨： 1．句意：玛丽的生日快到了。我们决定为她做一个蛋糕。考查代词辨析。he他，人称代词主格；him他，人称代词宾格；she她，人称代词主格；her她，人称代词宾格。介词“for”后需接人称代词宾格作宾语，排除A和C；又根据上文“Mary’s birthday”可知，此处是指为她做一个蛋糕，应用“her”，排除B。故选D。 2.句意：我和我的朋友们喜欢运动。我们经常放学后一起慢跑。考查人称代词。I我；We我们；They他们。根据“My friends and I like sports.”可知，此处应用复数代词“We”作主语，表示“我们”经常一起慢跑。故选B。 3．句意：——Simon，我可以用一下你的钢笔吗？——对不起，我的坏了，你可以向Amy寻求帮助。 考查情态动词和名词性物主代词。Can可以；Must必须；my我的，形容词性物主代词；mine我的，名词性物主代词。根据“I use your pen,Simon?”和“Sorry”可知是请求许可，应用can；根据“is broken”可知是缺少主语，空后无名词，应用名词性物主代词mine。故选C。 4．句意：我们的选择塑造我们的未来，并且它们的影响持续一生。考查人称代词。their他们的，形容词性物主代词；them他们，宾格；theirs他们的，名词性物主代词；they他们，主格。根据“and... effect lasts a lifetime.”，可知需要一个形容词性物主代词，表示“它们的影响”。故选A。 5．句意：这个小男孩对自己说：“我会尽我最大的努力，下次做得更好。”考查反代词辨析。myself我自己；herself她自己；himself他自己。根据“The little boy said to...”可知，是小男孩对他自己说，应用himself。故选C。 6．句意：得益于240小时免签政策，越来越多来自其他国家的人来到中国，并且玩得很开心。考查代词辨析。herself她自己；himself他自己；themselves他们自己。根据“more and more people from other countries come to China”可知，此处表示“越来越多来自其他国家的人”，是复数形式，应使用反身代词的复数形式themselves，表示“他们自己”，enjoy themselves表示“玩得开心”，符合句意。故选C。 7．句意：这把剪刀坏了。今天下午我想买一把新的。考查代词。it它，指代同类同物；one一个，泛指同类中的不同个；this这个；pair一对，一双。因为剪刀是成双成对出现，所以要买一把新的，用pair。故选D。 8．句意：——那个穿蓝衬衫的男孩是谁？——他是我的表弟。考查代词辨析。this这个；that那个；these这些；those那些。根据“boy in a blue shirt”可知，“boy”为单数，排除选项CD；结合“He is my cousin.”可知此处指的远处的男孩，this用于介绍近处的人或者当面介绍某人。故选B。 9．句意：我们可以在纸的两面写字来保护树木。考查不定代词辨析。all所有（三者及以上）；neither两者都不；either两者中任一；both两者都。根据“sides of the paper to protect the trees”和环保目的可知，此处表示“两面都用”，用both符合语境。故选D。 10．句意：——我花了那么多时间练习讲一个奇幻故事。然而，似乎我的同学中没有人对它感兴趣。——汤姆，振作起来！你知道如果你想有所成就，你必须尽你最大的努力，永不放弃。    考查代词辨析。none 都不，通常与of连用，可指人或物；no one没有人，不与of连用；something某事，某物；everything一切，每件事。根据“my classmates”可知，此处指同学中没有人对故事感兴趣，且“classmates”是可数名词复数，强调“三者或三者以上都不”，应用none；根据“You know if you want to achieve...”可知，此处指“如果你想有所成就”，应用something，表示“某事，某物”。故选A。 11．句意：——那些香蕉是谁的？——是我们的。考查特殊疑问句。What什么；Who谁；Whose谁的；How如何。根据“They’re theirs.”可知，此处询问香蕉是谁的，故用Whose引导特殊疑问句。故选C。 12．句意：我们将会再见面，因为我们下个月要去英国。考查代词辨析。other其他的，通常用于修饰名词；the other两者中的另一个；one another彼此，与each other可以互换；others其他人。根据“We’ll see…because we’ll come over to the UK next month.”可知，此处是指可以再次见到彼此。故选C。 13．句意：天气预报的时间到了。我们听收音机吧。考查介词辨析。to到；in在……里；at在；for为了。“It is time for...”表示“是……时候了”，for后接名词或代词作宾语；题干中“the weather report”为名词，符合语法。故选D。 · 答案 1-5 DBCAC 6-10 CDBDA 11-13 CCD 一、单项选择 1．—Are these your skates? —No, they are for ________. A．she B．hers C．herself D．her 2．My parents showed ________ some old pictures that brought back sweet old times. A．I B．me C．my D．mine 3．—Our English is not good. Can you help ________ with it? —Sure. A．us B．them C．her D．him 4．It takes ______ half an hour ______ his homework every day. A．he; to do B．him; doing C．him; to do 5．—Wow, what an amazing woodcarving! —________ is also good, Charlie. —Thank you, Ben. A．Mine B．Yours C．His D．Hers 6．—This isn’t my T-shirt. Is it ________, Betty? —No, it isn’t mine. It’s Linda’s. A．your B．her C．yours D．hers 7．—My favorite fruit is strawberry. What about ________, Teddy? —________ is watermelon because it is juicy and sweet. A．you, Mine B．yours, My C．yours, Mine 8．Linda, this question is easy. I think you can answer it by ________. A．myself B．himself C．herself D．yourself 9．—Do you want me to help you? —No, thanks. I can carry the box ________. A．itself B．myself C．yourself 10．—Anna, ________ is my friend, Li Shuang. —Nice to meet you, Li Shuang! A．that B．this C．these D．those 11．—This is a photo. Look! ________ are my brother and sister. —They look so happy. A．This B．These C．It D．That 12．There isn’t ________ meat in the fridge. Could you please buy ________? A．any; some B．any; any C．some; some D．some; any 13．—Did your parents go to your school concert? —Yes, ________ of them were there. They wouldn’t miss it for anything. A．none B．both C．neither D．all 14．“The umbrella is in the corner of the room for weeks. ________ is it?” asked the monitor. A．Who B．Which C．What D．Whose 15．________ is interesting to visit the museum and we all want to go again. A．It B．Its C．This D．That 二、语法选择 阅读下面短文, 按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求, 从各题所给的A、B、C和D项中选出最佳选项, 并将所选的选项写在对应的答题卷上。 It was my birthday last Sunday. On Saturday morning, I called 16 of my classmates.” Hello, Mary,” I said. “Would you like 17 my party on Sunday evening?” “Sorry, Betty.” she said. “I 18 , I have a lot of homework to do.” Then, I phoned John. He said, “No, sorry. I came to my grandparents’ home last night. And I’m afraid I can’t go to your party on time.” I phoned Ben on Saturday evening. He said, “I’m sorry, my dad has to work on Sunday, he can’t 19 me to your home.” Then I called King. “No, I’m sorry.” He said, “I’m 20 my sister that day.” I felt sad. Mom said. “ 21 be unhappy. Grandma and grandpa can come to your party that evening.” On Sunday evening, I was unhappy, 22 I went to my bedroom and put on my party dress. Then I went outside to the garden and so many people were there—all of my classmates, my grandparents and even King’s sister. They all gave me 23 and sang” Happy Birthday” to me. It was 24 nice surprise. 25 did we do that night? We sang and danced a lot and we had a great time. 16．A．some B．any C．every 17．A．coming B．come C．to come 18．A．mustn’t B．can’t C．needn’t 19．A．drives B．drive C．drove 20．A．with B．in C．on 21．A．Not B．Doesn’t C．Don’t 22．A．so B．but C．if 23．A．gift B．gift’s C．gifts 24．A．a B．an C．the 25．A．What B．When C．Where 三、短文填空 阅读填空 What’s the first thing that pops into your mind when you think of wheat straw (麦秆)? 26 no special features, it seems to be completely useless. However, Wu Cui, 27 intangible cultural inheritor (非遗传承人), can turn the straw into beautiful and eye-catching artworks. The 28 (early) straw-weaving (草编) products were discovered at Hemudu Cultural Ruins. The Book of Rites, one of the classical 29 (work), also records that there 30 (be) already things made of grass and professional straw-weaving craftsmen during the Zhou Dynasty. Choosing materials is the first step. It is a difficult process that can take weeks, or even months, 31 (complete). You need to draw the piece on paper, which requires drawing skills. Even by finishing that process, it does not mean that you will always create a good piece of work, 32 you can make it lifelike in a way that meets certain standards. In Wu’s opinion, straw weaving should meet people’s needs and preferences. With the 33 (develop) of industry, products by machines began to take 34 (they) place. “To help the skill develop, craftsmen 35 (make) a great effort to master the chances of the time to create new products, which make the eye-catching artworks show their charming again.” she says. 四、选词填空 根据语篇内容，从方框中选择恰当的单词，并用其正确形式填空。将单词填写在答题卡对应的横线上。每个单词只能用一次。 provide   so   magazine   always   wonderful   like   I   how   forest   begin My hobby is reading. I read storybooks, 36 , newspapers and different kinds of materials (材料). This hobby started when I was a little boy. I 37 wanted my parents to read for me. But soon they stopped reading for me and encouraged me to read by myself, 38 I learned to read by myself. I 39 with some simple books. Soon I could read some stories. Now I read about everything that I can get. Reading makes 40 learn about many things. I learn about 41 people lived in the past. I learn about the space travel, big animals 42 elephants, and many other things in our world. The most 43 thing about reading is that I do not have to learn things in the hard way. For example, I do not have to go into the 44 to learn about wild animals. I can read all about them in books. Books 45 readers with a lot of information and facts. They have certainly helped me in my daily life. 五、补全对话 根据下面的对话情景，在每个空白处填上一个适当的句子，使对话的意思连贯、完整。 A: Hello, this is Peter speaking. B: Hello, Peter. This is Fu Xing. Tomorrow is Sunday. Shall we go hiking? A: My pleasure. But I want to finish reading a book. B: 46 ? A: The Old Man and the Sea. B: 47 ? A: It’s about a man named Santiago. I admire his spirit of never giving up. B: 48 ? A: He is an old fisherman. B: What do you think of the book? A: 49 . I enjoy it very much. B: Then how about going hiking next Sunday? A: Sure. I’ll be free then. 50 . B: See you. 真题感知 1．（2025·四川遂宁·中考真题）—At Chengdu Research Base, the panda, Huahua, is very popular and people stand in a long line to see her. —She is so lovely that ________ could say no to her. A．everybody B．anybody C．somebody D．nobody 2．（2025·福建·中考真题）—I am going to meet Miss Chen in two days. —Please send my best wishes to ________. A．her B．she C．herself 3．（2025·天津·中考真题）________ sister is in the school tennis team. I’m proud of ________. A．I; she B．I; her C．My; she D．My; her 4．（2023·江苏南京·中考真题）—Today is Father’s Day. What are you going to do for your dad? —I’ve made a card for ________, Mum. A．her B．him C．his D．himself 5．（2025·江苏扬州·中考真题）Red squirrels depend on ________ thicker winter fur and food hidden in autumn to survive. A．its B．our C．their D．your 6．（2025·四川达州·中考真题）—Who left a notebook in the English club? —It’s not ________. Maybe it’s ________. A．me, Jack’s B．mine, Jack’s C．mine, Jack 7．（2024·江苏南京·中考真题）Self-driving cars are smart enough to follow traffic rules and park ________. A．they B．their C．them D．themselves 8．（2025·黑龙江绥化·中考真题）Chen Chao still sticks to teaching ________ English though he is busy working now. A．he B．his C．himself 9．（2025·黑龙江·中考真题）I am really tired after the basketball game. ________ is better than a good rest. A．Everything B．Something C．Nothing 10．（2023·辽宁丹东·中考真题）— ________ is this basketball? — Perhaps it’s our English teacher’s. He likes sports. A．Whose B．Where C．How D．Which 11．（2024·江苏南京·中考真题）Many students find ________ helpful to use the Internet because there are plenty of resources online. A．it B．its C．that D．those 12．（2023·湖南湘西·中考真题）________ is necessary to wear a helmet (头盔) when we are riding a bicycle to ensure our safety. A．It B．This C．That 提升专练 一、完形填空 Old Mr. Thompson’s garden was the best on the street. Every morning, 12-year-old Mia watched him 1 plants while she was walking to school. One day, Mr. Thompson put some 2 into small paper bags. Mia was curious about it, 3 she asked what he was doing with the seeds. “I am preparing some 4 gifts for neighbors (邻居).” he smiled. For weeks, Mia found neighbors become different. People 5 to grow plants together, share harvests (丰收) and laugh more. People on the street became 6 than before. Amy, one of Mia’s neighbors, was always sad and lonely after her husband died a few years ago. But one day, Mia found that there was a 7 on her face. Charlie lived next to Mia. These weeks, he always sang excitedly when he 8 the plants. Mia wondered how these things happened. When Mia finally asked why 9 gave seeds away, Mr. Thompson said, “I’m just sharing what makes me happy. Real 10 grows when we share.” After that, Mia understood that happiness can spring from sharing. 1．A．growing B．studying C．buying 2．A．leaves B．stems C．seeds 3．A．but B．or C．so 4．A．special B．modern C．normal 5．A．continued B．started C．stopped 6．A．happier B．braver C．quieter 7．A．mask B．smile C．flower 8．A．put down B．threw away C．looked after 9．A．she B．he C．you 10．A．success B．spirit C．joy 二、阅读理解 Weather can really affect our feelings. It is a big part of our lives! On a sunny day, the world is bright and everything is beautiful around us. The sun shines on us and makes us happy and full of energy. We like to go outside, get close to nature and talk to other people. When it’s windy, we can hear the sound of wind. The sound of the soft wind blowing through the trees makes us feel calm (平静的). It is a good idea to fly kites outside. But when the strong wind blows, we may just want to stay in. When it’s foggy, the world is a little mysterious (神秘的). The heavy fog makes many things not very clear. We might think a lot about things we don’t know. On a cloudy day, we may be a bit quiet. When there is no strong sunlight, we feel peaceful. We can relax and not be so busy. But when it’s rainy, our mood (情绪) is different. The gray sky and the falling rain make us feel a little sad. It’s great to stay in, reading a book or listening to music. When it snows, everything is very beautiful. The world looks like a wonderland (仙境). We usually feel excited and happy. We can have snowball fights and build snowmen outside. 根据材料内容选择最佳答案。 11．On a sunny day, how does the sun make us feel? A．Sad. B．Tired. C．Happy. D．Quiet. 12．When is a good time to fly kites? A．On a rainy day. B．When there’s soft wind. C．On a foggy day. D．When there’s strong wind. 13．Which weather does Paragraph 6 talk about? A．Sunny days. B．Windy days. C．Rainy days. D．Snowy days. 14．What’s the structure of the text? A．B．C． D． 15．What can we learn from the text? A．Everything seems very clear on a foggy day. B．The cloudy weather makes us peaceful. C．We usually feel excited to stay in when it snows. D．Weather can’t affect our feelings. 根据短文内容，从短文后所给的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。 Do you often exercise? It is important to us. 16 Warm up (热身). 17 You need to stretch (伸展) your legs, arms, back and neck before you do any difficult activity like running. Find good places to exercise. You do not need to spend a lot of money on exercise. You can run or play sport in a park or in your school gym. 18 You don’t need to buy equipment (器材). Just get your body moving! Keep regular exercise. Choose a sport you have interest in and then your exercise will be fun. If you want to stay healthy, you’d better exercise at least 3 times every week. 19 It is important to drink water when you exercise. Your body needs water for keeping cool. Be careful! If you get hurt (受伤), take a good rest until (直到) you feel better. 20 A．Drink lots of water. B．Keeping fit is hard. C．Exercising when you are hurt is bad for your health. D．Drink enough milk. E．Here are some ways about how to exercise well. F．They are good places for students to exercise. G．It is important to warm up before you exercise. 三、短文填空 阅读短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内所给词的正确形式填空，使短文通顺、连贯。 The Chinese solar (太阳的) calendar divides the year into 24 solar terms. Of all the terms, Qingming is the only one whose first day is also a 21 (tradition) Chinese festival, Qingming Festival or Tomb-Sweeping Day. 22 (it) meaning is “clear” and “bright”. It describes the weather during this period. Temperatures begin to rise and rainfall increases. It is 23 important time in the spring. Qingming is not only a time 24 (remember) the dead, it is also a time for people to go out and enjoy nature. As trees turn green and the sun shines 25 (bright), everything returns to life. It is a fine time to admire the beauty of nature. This custom can date back to the Spring and Autumn Period (770—476 BC) and Warring States Period (475—221 BC). Walking outside in spring adds joy 26 life and encourages a healthy body and mind. Flying kites is an activity loved by many Chinese during Tomb-Sweeping Day. Kites are flown both during the day time 27 in the evening. Little lanterns 28 (tie) to the kite. When the kites are flying in the sky, the lanterns look like bright stars at night. What 29 (make) flying kites during this day special is that people cut the string (绳) while the kite is in the sky to let it fly free. It is said that this brings good luck and that 30 (disease) are kept away from people by doing this. 19 / 21 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 专题03 代词的用法 内容导航 考点聚焦：核心考点+高考考点，有的放矢 重点速记：知识点和关键点梳理，查漏补缺 难点强化：难点内容标注与讲解，能力提升 复习提升：真题感知+提升专练，全面突破 核心考点聚焦 考点一 代词的用法 1.人称代词、物主代词和反身代词 类别 人称代词 物主代词 反身代词 主格 宾格 形容词性 名词性 第一人称 单数 I me my mine myself 复数 we us our ours ourselves 第二人称 单数 you you your yours yourself 复数 you you your yours yourselves 第三人称 单数 he him his his himself she her her hers herself it it its its itself 复数 they them their theirs themselves 【拓展】 1.常见含形容词性物主代词的短语 all one’s life 某人一生 change one’s mind 改变某人的主意　 come to one’s mind 忽然想起 do/try one’s best 尽某人最大的努力hold one’s breath 屏住呼吸 in one’s opinion 在某人看来 keep one’s word 信守诺言 lose one’s life 某人失去生命 lose one’s way 迷路 make one’s way 前往；费力地前进 make up one’s mind 下定决心 on one’s own 独自 save one’s life 挽救某人的生命 take one’s time 不着急，慢慢来 take one’s order 点菜 take one’s place 代替某人 take one’s temperature 量体温 to one’s surprise 令某人惊讶的是 with one’s help 在某人的帮助下 2.常见含反身代词的短语 ①动词之后 enjoy oneself 玩得愉快 teach oneself＝learn by oneself 自学 hurt oneself伤到自己 dress oneself自己穿衣服 help oneself to随便吃/喝…… lose oneself in沉浸在……中 make oneself at home别拘束，别客气 prove oneself 证明自己 ②介词之后 keep...to oneself保守秘密 laugh to oneself 暗自发笑 look after/take care of oneself照顾自己 say to oneself自言自语 think to oneself盘算，自思自忖 leave sb. by oneself把某人单独留下 believe in oneself相信自己 2.考查普通不定代词的用法 常见普通不定代词的用法 1.both/neither/either/all/none ★都常与of连用，除none仅作代词外，前四个词既可作代词，又可作限定词修饰名词。 ①both意为“两者都”，修饰或指代复数可数名词。作主语时，谓语动词用复数。 ②neither意为“两者都不”，修饰或指代单数可数名词。作主语时，谓语动词通常用单数。 ③either意为“两者中任何一个”，修饰或指代单数可数名词。作主语时，谓语动词用单数。 ④all意为“全体，一切”，修饰或指代复数可数名词或不可数名词，指三者或三者以上的所有人或物。作主语时，谓语动词与其后名词的数保持一致。 ⑤none意为“没有一个，全无”，指代人或物，常用搭配none of。既可指代复数可数名词，也可指代不可数名词。作主语时，谓语动词可用单数或复数。 2.few/a few/little/a little ①a few/a little意为“少量的，一些”，a few修饰或指代可数名词，a little修饰或指代不可数名词。 ②few/little意为“几乎没有”，few修饰或指代可数名词，little修饰或指代不可数名词。 3.each/every ①each指两者或两者以上中的“每一个”，强调个体，可用作形容词或代词。 ②every指三者或三者以上中的“每一个”，强调整体，只可作形容词，不可单独使用。 ③each/every＋名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数。 ④each可与of连用，every不可与of连用。 4.some/any ①some和any都可修饰或指代可数名词和不可数名词，表示“一些”。 ②some主要用在肯定句中，any多用于疑问句、否定句或条件句中。但在疑问句中，如希望得到肯定回答或表示请求、建议时，要用some。如： I could not answer any of her questions. 我无法回答她的任何问题。 Do you have any suggestions？ 你有什么建议吗？ Would you like some oranges？ 你想要些橙子吗？ 5.many/much ①两者都意为“许多，大量”。 ②many修饰或指代可数名词；much修饰或指代不可数名词。 6.another/other/the other/others/the others（见本书P48） 3.考查复合不定代词的用法 1.初中常见复合不定代词一览表 some- any- no- every- -body somebody（某人） anybody（任何人） nobody（没有人） everybody（每人） -one someone（某人） anyone（任何人） no one（没有人） everyone（每人） -thing something（某事） anything（任何事） nothing（没有东西） everything（每件事） 2.复合不定代词只能作主语、宾语和表语，不能作定语。作主语时，谓语动词一般用单数。 如：Someone is crying in the room. 有人在房间里哭泣。 3.当形容词或else修饰复合不定代词时，必须放在其后。 如：There is nothing difficult in the world if you put your heart into it. 世上无难事，只怕有心人。 【拓展】 1.常见含复合不定代词的句型： ①There is something wrong with... ……出问题了。 ②...have something/nothing to do with... ……与……有关/无关 ③sb. can do nothing but... 某人什么都不能做，只能…… ④There is nothing to... 没有什么要…… 2.somebody， anybody可指有一点地位或小有名气的人物；nobody指没有地位或默默无闻的人物。something往往指了不起的东西；nothing指无关紧要的东西。如： He thinks himself somebody，but we think him nobody. 他自以为是重要人物，但我们觉得他什么也不是。 考查指示代词的用法 　常见的指示代词主要有：this/these/that/those/one/it。 1.this/these/that/those （1）this/these表近指；that/those表远指，也常用于比较结构，代替前面提到的名词，避免重复。如： 　These are my sisters and those are my brothers. 这些是我的姐妹；那些是我的兄弟。 　I had a cold yesterday. That is why I didn’t come. 我昨天感冒了。那就是我没来的原因。 　The weather in Shanghai is better than that in Heilongjiang. 上海的天气比黑龙江的天气好。 　The coats in this shop are more expensive than those in that shop. 这家商店的外套比那家商店的外套贵。 （2）在电话用语中，this指代自己，that指代对方。如： 　－Hello！ This is Jim. Who’s that？ 喂，我是吉姆。你是哪位？ 　－Hey， Jim. This is Jack. 嘿，吉姆。我是杰克。 2.it/one/that （1）it指代上文中提到的同一事物，即同类同物。如： 　I have a new bike. My father bought it yesterday. 我有一辆新的自行车。我爸爸昨天买的。 （2）one表泛指，指代上文提到的同类中的任何一个，即同类不同物，相当于a/an＋名词。如： 　I didn’t bring my pens today. Can you lend me one？ 我今天没带钢笔。你能借我一支吗？ （3）that指代上文提到过的那个名词。如： 　The population of China is larger than that of America. 中国的人口比美国的多。 【拓展】it的特殊用法 1.it作形式主语的句型 ①It’s ＋ adj. （＋for sb.） ＋ to do sth. 做某事（对某人来说）是…… 　It’s important for us to learn Chinese well. 学好汉语对我们很重要。 ②It’s ＋ adj. ＋ of sb. ＋ to do sth. 某人做某事是…… 　It’s nice of you to help me with housework. 你帮我做家务，你真好。 ③It’s ＋adj.＋that从句 　It’s true that she is a great scientist. 她确实是一位伟大的科学家。 ④It’s ＋ n. ＋to do sth. /doing sth./that从句 　It’s a pity that he can’t come to the party. 很遗憾他不能来参加聚会。 ⑤It takes/took （sb.） ＋ 一段时间＋ to do sth. 做某事花费（某人）多长时间。 　It took me two hours to finish my homework. 我花了两个小时完成作业。 ⑥It is＋done＋that从句。如： 　It is said that... 据说……；有人说……　It is believed that... 人们认为/相信…… 　It is reported that... 据报道……　It is known that...　众所周知…… 2.it作形式宾语，常用在动词find， think， make， consider， feel等之后。如： 　I find it impossible to lie to her. 我觉得无法对她撒谎。 1．Mary’s birthday is coming. We decide to make a cake for ________. A．he B．him C．she D．her 2．（24-25七年级下·黑龙江哈尔滨·期中）My friends and I like sports. ________ often jog together after school. A．I B．We C．They 3．（24-25七年级下·福建福州·期末）—________ I use your pen, Simon? —Sorry, ________ is broken. You may ask Amy for help. A．Can; my B．Must; mine C．Can; mine 4．（24-25七年级下·重庆云阳·期末）Our choices shape (形成) our future, and ________ effect lasts a lifetime. A．their B．them C．theirs D．they 5．（24-25七年级下·福建福州·期末）The little boy said to ________, “I’ll try my best and do better next time.” A．myself B．herself C．himself 6．（24-25七年级下·福建莆田·期末）Thanks to the 240-hour visa-free policy (免签政策), more and more people from other countries come to China and enjoy ________ . A．herself B．himself C．themselves 7．（24-25七年级下·安徽芜湖·期中）The scissors are broken. I’d like to buy a new ______ this afternoon. A．it B．one C．this D．pair 8．—Who is ________ boy in a blue shirt? —He is my cousin. A．this B．that C．these D．those 9．We can write on ________ sides of the paper to protect the trees. A．all B．neither C．either D．both 10．（24-25七年级下·江苏南京·期末）—I spent so much time practicing telling a fantasy story. However, it seemed that ______ of my classmates was interested in it. —Tom, cheer up! You know if you want to achieve ______, you must try your best and never give up. A．none; something B．no one; something C．none; everything D．no one; everything 11．（22-23七年级上·贵州铜仁·期中）—________bananas are those? —They are ours. A．What B．Who C．Whose D．How 12．We’ll see ________ because we’ll come over to the UK next month. A．other B．the other C．one another D．others 13．It’s time ________ the weather report (天气预报). Let’s listen to the radio. A．to B．in C．at D．for · 思路点拨： 1．句意：玛丽的生日快到了。我们决定为她做一个蛋糕。考查代词辨析。he他，人称代词主格；him他，人称代词宾格；she她，人称代词主格；her她，人称代词宾格。介词“for”后需接人称代词宾格作宾语，排除A和C；又根据上文“Mary’s birthday”可知，此处是指为她做一个蛋糕，应用“her”，排除B。故选D。 2.句意：我和我的朋友们喜欢运动。我们经常放学后一起慢跑。考查人称代词。I我；We我们；They他们。根据“My friends and I like sports.”可知，此处应用复数代词“We”作主语，表示“我们”经常一起慢跑。故选B。 3．句意：——Simon，我可以用一下你的钢笔吗？——对不起，我的坏了，你可以向Amy寻求帮助。 考查情态动词和名词性物主代词。Can可以；Must必须；my我的，形容词性物主代词；mine我的，名词性物主代词。根据“I use your pen,Simon?”和“Sorry”可知是请求许可，应用can；根据“is broken”可知是缺少主语，空后无名词，应用名词性物主代词mine。故选C。 4．句意：我们的选择塑造我们的未来，并且它们的影响持续一生。考查人称代词。their他们的，形容词性物主代词；them他们，宾格；theirs他们的，名词性物主代词；they他们，主格。根据“and... effect lasts a lifetime.”，可知需要一个形容词性物主代词，表示“它们的影响”。故选A。 5．句意：这个小男孩对自己说：“我会尽我最大的努力，下次做得更好。”考查反代词辨析。myself我自己；herself她自己；himself他自己。根据“The little boy said to...”可知，是小男孩对他自己说，应用himself。故选C。 6．句意：得益于240小时免签政策，越来越多来自其他国家的人来到中国，并且玩得很开心。考查代词辨析。herself她自己；himself他自己；themselves他们自己。根据“more and more people from other countries come to China”可知，此处表示“越来越多来自其他国家的人”，是复数形式，应使用反身代词的复数形式themselves，表示“他们自己”，enjoy themselves表示“玩得开心”，符合句意。故选C。 7．句意：这把剪刀坏了。今天下午我想买一把新的。考查代词。it它，指代同类同物；one一个，泛指同类中的不同个；this这个；pair一对，一双。因为剪刀是成双成对出现，所以要买一把新的，用pair。故选D。 8．句意：——那个穿蓝衬衫的男孩是谁？——他是我的表弟。考查代词辨析。this这个；that那个；these这些；those那些。根据“boy in a blue shirt”可知，“boy”为单数，排除选项CD；结合“He is my cousin.”可知此处指的远处的男孩，this用于介绍近处的人或者当面介绍某人。故选B。 9．句意：我们可以在纸的两面写字来保护树木。考查不定代词辨析。all所有（三者及以上）；neither两者都不；either两者中任一；both两者都。根据“sides of the paper to protect the trees”和环保目的可知，此处表示“两面都用”，用both符合语境。故选D。 10．句意：——我花了那么多时间练习讲一个奇幻故事。然而，似乎我的同学中没有人对它感兴趣。——汤姆，振作起来！你知道如果你想有所成就，你必须尽你最大的努力，永不放弃。    考查代词辨析。none 都不，通常与of连用，可指人或物；no one没有人，不与of连用；something某事，某物；everything一切，每件事。根据“my classmates”可知，此处指同学中没有人对故事感兴趣，且“classmates”是可数名词复数，强调“三者或三者以上都不”，应用none；根据“You know if you want to achieve...”可知，此处指“如果你想有所成就”，应用something，表示“某事，某物”。故选A。 11．句意：——那些香蕉是谁的？——是我们的。考查特殊疑问句。What什么；Who谁；Whose谁的；How如何。根据“They’re theirs.”可知，此处询问香蕉是谁的，故用Whose引导特殊疑问句。故选C。 12．句意：我们将会再见面，因为我们下个月要去英国。考查代词辨析。other其他的，通常用于修饰名词；the other两者中的另一个；one another彼此，与each other可以互换；others其他人。根据“We’ll see…because we’ll come over to the UK next month.”可知，此处是指可以再次见到彼此。故选C。 13．句意：天气预报的时间到了。我们听收音机吧。考查介词辨析。to到；in在……里；at在；for为了。“It is time for...”表示“是……时候了”，for后接名词或代词作宾语；题干中“the weather report”为名词，符合语法。故选D。 · 答案 1-5 DBCAC 6-10 CDBDA 11-13 CCD 一、单项选择 1．—Are these your skates? —No, they are for ________. A．she B．hers C．herself D．her 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——这些是你的冰鞋吗？——不，它们是给她的。 考查代词辨析。she她，主格；hers她的，名词性物主代词；herself她自己，反身代词；her她，宾格。空处位于介词“for”后，且空后无名词，空处作宾语，填人称代词宾格的her。故选D。 2．My parents showed ________ some old pictures that brought back sweet old times. A．I B．me C．my D．mine 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我父母给我看了一些老照片，这些照片让我想起了美好的旧时光。 考查人称代词辨析。I我，主格；me我，宾格；my我的，形容词性物主代词；mine我的，名词性物主代词。根据“My parents showed…some old pictures”可知，空处应用宾格形式作动词“show”的宾语。故选B。 3．—Our English is not good. Can you help ________ with it? —Sure. A．us B．them C．her D．him 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——我们的英语不好。你能帮助我们学习英语吗？——当然。 考查人称代词。us我们；them他们；her她；him他。根据“Our English is not good.”可知，此处是请求对方帮助“我们”学习英语，因此应用us。故选A。 4．It takes ______ half an hour ______ his homework every day. A．he; to do B．him; doing C．him; to do 【答案】C 【详解】句意：他每天花半小时写作业。 考查宾格和动词不定式。he他，主格；him他，宾格。take是动词，后接宾格him；it是形式主语，用不定式to do作真正主语；it takes sb some time to do sth表示“某人花费时间做某事”，是固定句型。故选C。 5．—Wow, what an amazing woodcarving! —________ is also good, Charlie. —Thank you, Ben. A．Mine B．Yours C．His D．Hers 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——哇，真是令人惊叹的木雕！——你的也很好，Charlie。——谢谢你，Ben。 考查代词辨析。Mine我的；Yours你的；His他的；Hers她的。根据“…is also good, Charlie.”及“Thank you, Ben.”可知，此处是Charlie对Ben说“你的木雕也很好”，故用物主代词Yours。故选B。 6．—This isn’t my T-shirt. Is it ________, Betty? —No, it isn’t mine. It’s Linda’s. A．your B．her C．yours D．hers 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——这不是我的 T 恤。贝蒂，这是你的吗？ ——不，不是我的。这是琳达的。 考查代词辨析。your你的，形容词性物主代词；her她，人称代词宾格，或者表示“她的”，形容词性物主代词；yours你的，名词性物主代词；hers她的，名词性物主代词。根据“This isn’t my T-shirt. Is it…, Betty?”可知，此处是询问T恤是否是你的 (Betty)，应用yours，相当于your T-shirt。故选C。 7．—My favorite fruit is strawberry. What about ________, Teddy? —________ is watermelon because it is juicy and sweet. A．you, Mine B．yours, My C．yours, Mine 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——我最喜欢的水果是草莓。你呢，Teddy?——我喜欢西瓜，因为西瓜多汁又甜。 考查代词。you你，人称代词；mine我的，名词性物主代词；yours你的，名词性物主代词；my我的，形容词性物主代词。根据“My favorite fruit is strawberry. What about…Teddy?”可知，此处在询问Teddy最喜欢的水果，用名词性物主代词yours；再由“…is watermelon because it is juicy and sweet.”可知，此处说的是“我最欢的水果”，应用名词性物主代词mine。故选C。 8．Linda, this question is easy. I think you can answer it by ________. A．myself B．himself C．herself D．yourself 【答案】D 【详解】句意：琳达，这个问题很简单。我想你可以自己回答。 考查代词辨析。myself我自己；himself他自己；herself她自己；yourself你自己。根据“I think you can answer it by...”可知，主语是you，所以此处用yourself。故选D。 9．—Do you want me to help you? —No, thanks. I can carry the box ________. A．itself B．myself C．yourself 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——你想让我帮你吗？——不用了，谢谢。我可以自己搬箱子。 考查代词辨析。itself它自己；myself我自己；yourself你自己。根据“I can carry the box”可知我可以自己搬箱子，用反身代词myself。故选B。 10．—Anna, ________ is my friend, Li Shuang. —Nice to meet you, Li Shuang! A．that B．this C．these D．those 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——安娜，这是我的朋友李爽。——很高兴见到你，李爽！ 考查代词辨析。that那个；this这个；these这些；those那些。根据“…is my friend”以及“Nice to meet you, Li Shuang.”可知，此处是在面对面地介绍朋友，表示近指，应用指示代词this。故选B。 11．—This is a photo. Look! ________ are my brother and sister. —They look so happy. A．This B．These C．It D．That 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——这是一张照片。看！这些是我的兄弟姐妹——他们看起来很开心！ 考查代词辨析。This这，这个；These这些；It它；That那，那个。根据空后的“are my brother and sister.”和选项可知，应填指示代词these指代my brother and sister。故选B。 12．There isn’t ________ meat in the fridge. Could you please buy ________? A．any; some B．any; any C．some; some D．some; any 【答案】A 【详解】句意：冰箱里没有肉了。你能买一些吗？ 考查不定代词辨析。any一些，常用于否定句和疑问句中；some一些，常用于肯定句，以及表示请求、建议或征求意见的疑问句中。根据“There isn’t…meat in the fridge. Could you please buy…”可知是第一个空处是否定句，应用any；第二个空处是表示请求的疑问句，应用some。故选A。 13．—Did your parents go to your school concert? —Yes, ________ of them were there. They wouldn’t miss it for anything. A．none B．both C．neither D．all 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——你父母去你学校听音乐会了吗？——是的，他们俩都在那里。他们无论如何都不会错过的。考查不定代词。none没有一个；both两者都；neither两者都不；all所有的。根据“Did your parents go to your school concert?”及“Yes,”可知，是两个人都去了音乐会。故选B。 14．“The umbrella is in the corner of the room for weeks. ________ is it?” asked the monitor. A．Who B．Which C．What D．Whose 【答案】D 【详解】句意：“雨伞在房间角落里放了好几个星期。它是谁的？” 班长问。 考查疑问代词词义辨析。Who谁；Which哪一个；What什么；Whose谁的。根据“The umbrella is in the corner of the room for weeks.”可知，雨伞在房间角落里放了很长时间。根据“asked the monitor”可知，班长在问问题，所以问句是在问雨伞属于谁。选项D符合语境。故选D。 15．________ is interesting to visit the museum and we all want to go again. A．It B．Its C．This D．That 【答案】A 【详解】句意：参观博物馆很有趣，我们都想再去一次。考查it用法。It它；Its它的；This这个；That那个。 It is+adj.+to do sth.表示“做某事怎么样”。其中it作形式主语，代替后面的不定式to do sth. (真正的主语)。故选A。 二、语法选择 阅读下面短文, 按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求, 从各题所给的A、B、C和D项中选出最佳选项, 并将所选的选项写在对应的答题卷上。 It was my birthday last Sunday. On Saturday morning, I called 16 of my classmates.” Hello, Mary,” I said. “Would you like 17 my party on Sunday evening?” “Sorry, Betty.” she said. “I 18 , I have a lot of homework to do.” Then, I phoned John. He said, “No, sorry. I came to my grandparents’ home last night. And I’m afraid I can’t go to your party on time.” I phoned Ben on Saturday evening. He said, “I’m sorry, my dad has to work on Sunday, he can’t 19 me to your home.” Then I called King. “No, I’m sorry.” He said, “I’m 20 my sister that day.” I felt sad. Mom said. “ 21 be unhappy. Grandma and grandpa can come to your party that evening.” On Sunday evening, I was unhappy, 22 I went to my bedroom and put on my party dress. Then I went outside to the garden and so many people were there—all of my classmates, my grandparents and even King’s sister. They all gave me 23 and sang” Happy Birthday” to me. It was 24 nice surprise. 25 did we do that night? We sang and danced a lot and we had a great time. 16．A．some B．any C．every 17．A．coming B．come C．to come 18．A．mustn’t B．can’t C．needn’t 19．A．drives B．drive C．drove 20．A．with B．in C．on 21．A．Not B．Doesn’t C．Don’t 22．A．so B．but C．if 23．A．gift B．gift’s C．gifts 24．A．a B．an C．the 25．A．What B．When C．Where 【答案】 16．A 17．C 18．B 19．B 20．A 21．C 22．B 23．C 24．A 25．A 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者在上周日过生日时，原本以为同学们都不会来参加生日派对，感到很伤心，结果发现同学们都来了，并给了作者惊喜，大家度过了一个愉快的夜晚。 16．句意：星期六早上，我给我的一些同学打了电话。 some一些；any任何；every每一个。根据“I called ... of my classmates”可知，此处表示给“一些”同学打电话，应用some。故选A。 17．句意：你愿意星期天晚上来参加我的聚会吗？ coming来，现在分词或动名词；come来，动词原形；to come来，动词不定式。would like to do sth.为固定搭配，意为“愿意做某事”，所以此处应用动词不定式。故选C。 18．句意：我不能，我有很多作业要做。 mustn’t禁止；can’t不能；needn’t不需要。根据“I have a lot of homework to do.”可知，此处表示“不能”去参加聚会，应用can’t。故选B。 19．句意：他不能开车送我去你家。 drives开车，第三人称单数；drive开车，动词原形；drove开车，过去式。can’t为情态动词，后接动词原形。故选B。 20．句意：那天我要和我妹妹在一起。 with和……一起；in在……里面；on在……上面。“be with sb” 是固定搭配，表示“和某人在一起”。故选A。 21．句意：不要不开心。 Not不；Doesn’t不，第三人称单数；Don’t不，用于祈使句的否定形式。根据“I felt sad.”可知，此处为妈妈安慰作者，表示“不要不开心”，应用祈使句的否定形式，即Don’t+动词原形。故选C。 22．句意：星期天晚上，我很不开心，但是我走进卧室，穿上了我的派对礼服。 so因此；but但是；if如果。根据“I was unhappy”和“I went to my bedroom and put on my party dress.”可知，前后句之间为转折关系，应用but连接。故选B。 23．句意：他们都给了我礼物，并为我唱了“生日快乐”。 gift礼物，单数；gift’s礼物的，名词所有格；gifts礼物，复数。根据“Happy Birthday”可知，此处表示我的生日，他们“给了我礼物”，应用复数形式。故选C。 24．句意：这真是一个惊喜。 a一个，用于辅音音素开头的单词前；an一个，用于元音音素开头的单词前；the这个，那个，表示特指。根据“It was ... nice surprise.”可知，此处表示“一个惊喜”，且nice为辅音音素开头的单词，应用a。故选A。 25．句意：那天晚上我们做了什么？ What什么；When什么时候；Where在哪里。根据下文“We sang and danced a lot and we had a great time.”可知，此处表示“做了什么”，应用what提问。故选A。 三、短文填空 阅读填空 What’s the first thing that pops into your mind when you think of wheat straw (麦秆)? 26 no special features, it seems to be completely useless. However, Wu Cui, 27 intangible cultural inheritor (非遗传承人), can turn the straw into beautiful and eye-catching artworks. The 28 (early) straw-weaving (草编) products were discovered at Hemudu Cultural Ruins. The Book of Rites, one of the classical 29 (work), also records that there 30 (be) already things made of grass and professional straw-weaving craftsmen during the Zhou Dynasty. Choosing materials is the first step. It is a difficult process that can take weeks, or even months, 31 (complete). You need to draw the piece on paper, which requires drawing skills. Even by finishing that process, it does not mean that you will always create a good piece of work, 32 you can make it lifelike in a way that meets certain standards. In Wu’s opinion, straw weaving should meet people’s needs and preferences. With the 33 (develop) of industry, products by machines began to take 34 (they) place. “To help the skill develop, craftsmen 35 (make) a great effort to master the chances of the time to create new products, which make the eye-catching artworks show their charming again.” she says. 【答案】 26．With 27．an 28．earliest 29．works 30．were 31．to complete 32．unless 33．development 34．their 35．should make 【导语】本文讲述了草编艺术的历史、制作过程及其在现代社会中的发展。 26．句意：由于没有特殊的特征，似乎完全无用。根据“...no special features, it seems to be completely useless.”可知，此处考查“with+名词短语”的结构，在句中作伴随状语，意为“由于没有特殊的特征”，表示一种伴随的情况。故填With。 27．句意：然而，吴翠一位非遗传承人，可以将麦秆变成漂亮的，引人注目的艺术品。根据“Wu Cui, ...intangible cultural inheritor (非遗传承人),”可知，此处是在介绍吴翠的身份，表示“一位非遗传承人”，且“intangible”以元音音素开头，所以用不定冠词“an”。故填an。 28．句意：最早的草编产品是在河姆渡文化遗址被发现的。根据“The...straw-weaving (草编) products”及提示词可知，此处使用形容词最高级，表示在河姆渡文化遗址发现的“最早的”草编产品，early“早的”，形容词原级，形容词最高级形式为“earliest”。故填earliest。 29．句意：《礼记》，经典著作之一，也记载着在周朝时期就已经有草编物品和专业的草编工匠了。根据“one of ...”可知，此处考查固定结构：“one of+可数名词复数”表示“…… 之一”，“work”意为“著作”时是可数名词，复数为works。故填works。 30．句意：《礼记》，经典著作之一，也记载着在周朝时期就已经有草编物品和专业的草编工匠了。根据 “during the Zhou Dynasty”可知，时态是一般过去时，“things”是复数，所以be动词用“were”。故填were。 31．句意：这是一个困难的过程，可能需要数周甚至数月去完成。根据“It is a difficult process that can take weeks, or even months,...”及提示词可知，此处考查固定结构：“take+时间+to do sth.”是固定结构，意为“花费时间做某事”。故填to complete。 32．句意：即使完成了那个过程，也不意味着你总能做出好作品，除非你能以符合一定标准的方式让它栩栩如生。根据“Even by finishing that process, it does not mean that you will always create a good piece of work, ...you can make it lifelike in a way that meets certain standards.”可知，前后句为逻辑转折：前句“完成设计不等于创作出好作品”，后句“使其生动且达标”。unless（除非）连接条件，意为“除非你能使作品生动达标”。故填unless。 33．句意：随着工业的发展，机器生产的产品开始取代手工产品。根据“With the...of industry,”及提示词可知，此处考查固定结构：“with the+名词+of...”意为“随着……的……”，“develop”的名词形式是 “development”，表示“随着工业的发展”。故填development。 34．句意：随着工业的发展，机器生产的产品开始取代手工产品。根据“products by machines began to take...place.”可知，此处考查固定搭配：take one’s place意为 “取代；代替”，they的形容词性物主代词“their”修饰“place”，故填their。 35．句意：为了帮助这项技艺发展，工匠们应该努力抓住时代的机遇去创造新产品。根据语境及“which make the eye-catching artworks show their charming again”可知，此处应该是发出一种倡议“工匠们应该努力抓住时代的机遇去创造新产品”。“should make”表示 “应该做”，体现一种建议、应该采取的行动。故填should make。 四、选词填空 根据语篇内容，从方框中选择恰当的单词，并用其正确形式填空。将单词填写在答题卡对应的横线上。每个单词只能用一次。 provide   so   magazine   always   wonderful   like   I   how   forest   begin My hobby is reading. I read storybooks, 36 , newspapers and different kinds of materials (材料). This hobby started when I was a little boy. I 37 wanted my parents to read for me. But soon they stopped reading for me and encouraged me to read by myself, 38 I learned to read by myself. I 39 with some simple books. Soon I could read some stories. Now I read about everything that I can get. Reading makes 40 learn about many things. I learn about 41 people lived in the past. I learn about the space travel, big animals 42 elephants, and many other things in our world. The most 43 thing about reading is that I do not have to learn things in the hard way. For example, I do not have to go into the 44 to learn about wild animals. I can read all about them in books. Books 45 readers with a lot of information and facts. They have certainly helped me in my daily life. 【答案】 36．magazines 37．always 38．so 39．began 40．me 41．how 42．like 43．wonderful 44．forest 45．provide 【导语】本文主要介绍了作者的爱好——阅读。 36．句意：我读故事书、杂志、报纸和各种各样的材料。根据“I read storybooks…newspapers and different kinds of materials.”以及备选词可知，此处需填与“故事书、报纸”并列的阅读材料，应用复数名词magazines“杂志”，表泛指。故填magazines。 37．句意：我总是希望父母为我读书。根据“This hobby started when I was a little boy. I…wanted my parents to read for me.”以及备选词可知，此处需填副词always“总是”修饰动词wanted。故填always。 38．句意：但很快他们不再为我读书，鼓励我自己读，所以我学会了自己阅读。分析句子可知，前后句之间为因果关系，前因后果，此处应用连词so“所以”。故填so。 39．句意：我从一些简单的书开始读起。根据“I…with some simple books. Soon I could read some stories.”以及备选词可知，此处指“从一些简单的书开始读起”，begin“开始”，动词；句子时态为一般过去时，谓语动词用过去式。故填began。 40．句意：阅读使我了解许多事情。根据“Reading makes…learn about many things.”以及备选词可知，空前为动词makes，空处应用宾格me“我”作宾语。故填me。 41．句意：我了解过去人们如何生活。根据“I learn about…people lived in the past.”以及备选词可知，此处指如何生活，应用how“如何”。故填how。 42．句意：我了解太空旅行，像大象这样的大型动物，以及我们世界上的许多其他事物。根据“big animals…elephants”以及备选词可知，此处应用介词like“例如”，表示“像大象这样的大型动物”。故填like。 43．句意：阅读最奇妙的事情是我不必以艰难的方式学习东西。根据“The most…thing about reading”以及备选词可知，此处应用形容词wonderful“奇妙的”修饰名词thing。故填wonderful。 44．句意：例如，我不必去森林里了解野生动物。根据“I do not have to go into the…to learn about wild animals”以及备选词可知，此处指不必去森林里了解野生动物，应用单数名词forest“森林”。故填forest。 45．句意：书籍为读者提供大量的信息和事实。provide sb. with sth.“为某人提供某物”，动词短语；句子时态为一般现在时，主语“Books”是复数，谓语动词用原形。故填provide。 五、补全对话 根据下面的对话情景，在每个空白处填上一个适当的句子，使对话的意思连贯、完整。 A: Hello, this is Peter speaking. B: Hello, Peter. This is Fu Xing. Tomorrow is Sunday. Shall we go hiking? A: My pleasure. But I want to finish reading a book. B: 46 ? A: The Old Man and the Sea. B: 47 ? A: It’s about a man named Santiago. I admire his spirit of never giving up. B: 48 ? A: He is an old fisherman. B: What do you think of the book? A: 49 . I enjoy it very much. B: Then how about going hiking next Sunday? A: Sure. I’ll be free then. 50 . B: See you. 【答案】46．What/Which book are you reading 47．What’s it about 48．What does he do/What’s his job/What’s he 49．It’s a great book and it’s well worth reading 50．See you (then) 【导语】本文是A和B之间的一则对话。对话主要谈论书籍《老人与海》以及去徒步旅行。 46．根据下文“The Old Man and the Sea.”可知，此处询问对方正在读什么书。故填What/Which book are you reading。 47．根据下文“It’s about a man named Santiago.”可知，此处询问书的内容。故填What’s it about。 48．根据下文“He is an old fisherman.”可知，此处询问Santiago的身份/职业。故填What does he do/What’s his job/What’s he。 49．根据上文“What do you think of the book?”以及下文“I enjoy it very much.”可知，此处为积极的评价。故填It’s a great book and it’s well worth reading。 50．根据下文“See you.”可知，此处表示告别。故填See you (then)。 真题感知 1．（2025·四川遂宁·中考真题）—At Chengdu Research Base, the panda, Huahua, is very popular and people stand in a long line to see her. —She is so lovely that ________ could say no to her. A．everybody B．anybody C．somebody D．nobody 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——在成都研究基地，熊猫花花非常受欢迎，人们排长队看她。——她太可爱了以至于没有人能拒绝她。考查不定代词。everybody每个人；anybody任何人；somebody某人；nobody没有人。根据“She is so lovely”可知，熊猫的可爱程度让人无法拒绝，即没有人能拒绝，故选D。 2．（2025·福建·中考真题）—I am going to meet Miss Chen in two days. —Please send my best wishes to ________. A．her B．she C．herself 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——我将在两天后去见陈小姐。——请代我向她致以最美好的祝福。考查代词辨析。her她，宾格/她的，物主代词；she她，主格；herself她自己，反身代词。根据“Please send my best wishes to”可知，请代我向她致以最美好的祝福，此处在介词后作宾语，用宾格，故选A。 3．（2025·天津·中考真题）________ sister is in the school tennis team. I’m proud of ________. A．I; she B．I; her C．My; she D．My; her 【答案】D 【详解】句意：我的姐姐是学校女子网球队的一员。我为她感到骄傲。 考查代词辨析。I我，主格；My我的，形容词性物主代词。第一处作定语修饰“sister”，用形容词性物主代词My，排除AB。she她，主格；her她，宾格。第二处在介词of后，用宾格her。故选D。 4．（2023·江苏南京·中考真题）—Today is Father’s Day. What are you going to do for your dad? —I’ve made a card for ________, Mum. A．her B．him C．his D．himself 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——今天是父亲节。你打算为你爸爸做什么？——妈妈，我为他做了一张卡片。 考查代词辨析。her她，宾格；him他，宾格；his他的，形容词性物主代词或名词性物主代词；himself他自己，反身代词。根据“What are you going to do for your dad”可知，此处指为爸爸做了一张卡片，介词for后应用宾格him，故选B。 5．（2025·江苏扬州·中考真题）Red squirrels depend on ________ thicker winter fur and food hidden in autumn to survive. A．its B．our C．their D．your 【答案】C 【详解】句意：红松鼠依靠它们厚实的冬季皮毛和在秋季储存的食物来生存。考查形容词性物主代词。its它的；our我们的；their它们的；your你的，你们的。根据“Red squirrels depend on...thicker winter fur”可知，此处指“红松鼠的……”，squirrels是复数，应用their。故选C。 6．（2025·四川达州·中考真题）—Who left a notebook in the English club? —It’s not ________. Maybe it’s ________. A．me, Jack’s B．mine, Jack’s C．mine, Jack 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——谁把笔记本落在英语俱乐部了？——它不是我的，可能是杰克的。考查代词辨析和名词所有格。me我，人称代词宾格；mine我的，名词性物主代词；Jack’s杰克的；Jack杰克。根据“It’s not”可知，第一空需用名词性物主代词mine作表语，表示“笔记本不是我的”，故排除选项A；根据“Maybe it’s”可知，此处表示“可能是杰克的”，故第二空用“Jack’s”（= Jack’s notebook）表示所属关系。故选B。 7．（2024·江苏南京·中考真题）Self-driving cars are smart enough to follow traffic rules and park ________. A．they B．their C．them D．themselves 【答案】D 【详解】句意：自动驾驶汽车足够聪明，可以遵守交通规则并自行停车。 考查代词辨析。they它们；their它们的；them它们；themselves它们自己。此处指“自动驾驶汽车可以自己停车”，应用反身代词themselves。故选D。 8．（2025·黑龙江绥化·中考真题）Chen Chao still sticks to teaching ________ English though he is busy working now. A．he B．his C．himself 【答案】C 【详解】句意：尽管陈超现在工作很忙，但他仍然坚持自学英语。考查代词辨析。he他；his他的；himself他自己。此处主语和宾语是同一人，用反身代词，teach oneself“自学”。故选C。 9．（2025·黑龙江·中考真题）I am really tired after the basketball game. ________ is better than a good rest. A．Everything B．Something C．Nothing 【答案】C 【详解】句意：打完篮球后我真是累坏了。没有什么比好好休息更好的了。考查代词辨析。Everything每件事；Something某事；Nothing没有什么。根据“I am really tired after the basketball game. ... is better than a good rest.”可知，打完篮球很累，所以没有什么比好好休息更好的了。故选C。 10．（2023·辽宁丹东·中考真题）— ________ is this basketball? — Perhaps it’s our English teacher’s. He likes sports. A．Whose B．Where C．How D．Which 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——这个篮球是谁的？——也许是我们英语老师的。他喜欢运动。考查特殊疑问句。whose谁的；where在哪里；how怎样；which哪一个。根据“our English teacher’s”可知，此处询问篮球是谁的，故选A。 11．（2024·江苏南京·中考真题）Many students find ________ helpful to use the Internet because there are plenty of resources online. A．it B．its C．that D．those 【答案】A 【详解】句意：许多学生发现使用互联网很有帮助，因为网上有很多资源。考查代词辨析。it它；its它的；that那个；those那些。此处是结构find it adj. to do sth.“发现做某事是……的”，it作形式宾语。故选A。 12．（2023·湖南湘西·中考真题）________ is necessary to wear a helmet (头盔) when we are riding a bicycle to ensure our safety. A．It B．This C．That 【答案】A 【详解】句意：当我们骑自行车时，有必要戴上头盔以确保我们的安全。考查代词辨析。it它；this这个；that那个。此处是结构It is adj. to do sth.“做某事是……的”，it作形式主语。故选A。 提升专练 一、完形填空 Old Mr. Thompson’s garden was the best on the street. Every morning, 12-year-old Mia watched him 1 plants while she was walking to school. One day, Mr. Thompson put some 2 into small paper bags. Mia was curious about it, 3 she asked what he was doing with the seeds. “I am preparing some 4 gifts for neighbors (邻居).” he smiled. For weeks, Mia found neighbors become different. People 5 to grow plants together, share harvests (丰收) and laugh more. People on the street became 6 than before. Amy, one of Mia’s neighbors, was always sad and lonely after her husband died a few years ago. But one day, Mia found that there was a 7 on her face. Charlie lived next to Mia. These weeks, he always sang excitedly when he 8 the plants. Mia wondered how these things happened. When Mia finally asked why 9 gave seeds away, Mr. Thompson said, “I’m just sharing what makes me happy. Real 10 grows when we share.” After that, Mia understood that happiness can spring from sharing. 1．A．growing B．studying C．buying 2．A．leaves B．stems C．seeds 3．A．but B．or C．so 4．A．special B．modern C．normal 5．A．continued B．started C．stopped 6．A．happier B．braver C．quieter 7．A．mask B．smile C．flower 8．A．put down B．threw away C．looked after 9．A．she B．he C．you 10．A．success B．spirit C．joy 【答案】 1．A 2．C 3．C 4．A 5．B 6．A 7．B 8．C 9．B 10．C 【导语】本文讲述老汤普森先生通过分享种子让邻里关系更和谐的故事，传递了"分享带来快乐"的道理。 1．句意：每天早晨，12岁的米娅在步行去学校的路上，都会看着他种植植物。 growing种植；studying学习；buying买。根据“Old Mr. Thompson’s garden was the best on the street. Every morning, 12-year-old Mia watched him...plants”可知，此处指在花园里种植植物。故选A。 2．句意：一天，汤普森先生把一些种子放进小纸袋里。 leaves叶子；stems茎；seeds种子。根据下文“she asked what he was doing with the seeds”可知，此处指种子。故选C。 3．句意：米娅对此感到好奇，于是她问他用这些种子在做什么。 but但是；or或者；so所以。根据“Mia was curious about it, ...she asked what he was doing with the seeds.”可知，因为好奇，所以提出疑问。故选C。 4．句意：我正在为邻居准备一些特别的礼物。 special特别的；modern现代的；normal正常的。根据“ am preparing some...gifts for neighbors (邻居).”和下文“For weeks, Mia found neighbors become different.”可推知，汤普森先生准备的应该是特别的礼物。故选A。 5．句意：人们开始一起种植植物，分享丰收的喜悦，也更多地开怀大笑。 continued继续；started开始；stopped停止。根据“For weeks, Mia found neighbors become different. People...to grow plants together, share harvests (丰收) and laugh more.”可知，邻居们变得不一样了，竟开始一起种植植物。故选B。 6．句意：街上的人们比以前更快乐了。 happier更开心；braver更勇敢；quieter更安静。根据上文“share harvests (丰收) and laugh more”可知，比以前更开心了。故选A。 7．句意：但是有一天，米娅发现她的脸上露出了笑容。 mask面具；smile笑容；flower花。根据“Amy, one of Mia’s neighbors, was always sad and lonely after her husband died a few years ago. But one day, Mia found that there was a...on her face.”可知，but表示前后存在转折，此处指伤心已久的Amy的脸上露出了笑容。故选B。 8．句意：这几周，他照料植物时总是兴奋地唱歌。 put down放下；threw away扔掉；looked after照料，照顾。根据“he always sang excitedly when he...the plants”可知，此处指在照料植物时兴奋地唱歌。故选C。 9．句意：当米娅最终问及他为何赠送种子时，汤普森先生说：“我只是在分享让我快乐的事物。真正的快乐会在我们分享时生长。” she她；he他；you你。根据“Mr. Thompson said”可知，向汤普森先生提问，用he来指代。故选B。 10．句意：真正的快乐会在我们分享时生长。 success成功；spirit精神；joy高兴。根据下文“After that, Mia understood that happiness can spring from sharing.”可知，快乐源于分享。故选C。 二、阅读理解 Weather can really affect our feelings. It is a big part of our lives! On a sunny day, the world is bright and everything is beautiful around us. The sun shines on us and makes us happy and full of energy. We like to go outside, get close to nature and talk to other people. When it’s windy, we can hear the sound of wind. The sound of the soft wind blowing through the trees makes us feel calm (平静的). It is a good idea to fly kites outside. But when the strong wind blows, we may just want to stay in. When it’s foggy, the world is a little mysterious (神秘的). The heavy fog makes many things not very clear. We might think a lot about things we don’t know. On a cloudy day, we may be a bit quiet. When there is no strong sunlight, we feel peaceful. We can relax and not be so busy. But when it’s rainy, our mood (情绪) is different. The gray sky and the falling rain make us feel a little sad. It’s great to stay in, reading a book or listening to music. When it snows, everything is very beautiful. The world looks like a wonderland (仙境). We usually feel excited and happy. We can have snowball fights and build snowmen outside. 根据材料内容选择最佳答案。 11．On a sunny day, how does the sun make us feel? A．Sad. B．Tired. C．Happy. D．Quiet. 12．When is a good time to fly kites? A．On a rainy day. B．When there’s soft wind. C．On a foggy day. D．When there’s strong wind. 13．Which weather does Paragraph 6 talk about? A．Sunny days. B．Windy days. C．Rainy days. D．Snowy days. 14．What’s the structure of the text? A． B． C． D． 15．What can we learn from the text? A．Everything seems very clear on a foggy day. B．The cloudy weather makes us peaceful. C．We usually feel excited to stay in when it snows. D．Weather can’t affect our feelings. 【答案】11．C 12．B 13．C 14．B 15．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了天气如何影响我们的感受，详细描述了在不同天气条件下人们的情绪变化。 11．细节理解题。根据文章第二段“The sun shines on us and makes us happy and full of energy.”可知，在阳光明媚的日子里，太阳照在我们身上，使我们感到快乐和充满活力。故选C。 12．细节理解题。根据文章第三段“The sound of the soft wind blowing through the trees makes us feel calm. It is a good idea to fly kites outside.”可知，轻柔的风声使我们感到平静，是放风筝的好时机。故选B。 13．细节理解题。根据文章第六段“But when it’s rainy, our mood is different.”可知，第六段讨论的是雨天的天气。故选C。 14．篇章结构题。文章第一段总述天气对我们的感受有很大影响，是文章的主题句；第二至七段分别描述了在不同天气条件下人们的情绪变化，是分述部分。因此，文章的结构是总分结构，即①/②③④⑤⑥⑦。故选B。 15．推理判断题。根据文章第五段“On a cloudy day, we may be a bit quiet. When there is no strong sunlight, we feel peaceful.”可知，在阴天，我们可能会感到平静。因此，我们可以从文章中学到阴天使我们感到平静。故选B。 根据短文内容，从短文后所给的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。 Do you often exercise? It is important to us. 16 Warm up (热身). 17 You need to stretch (伸展) your legs, arms, back and neck before you do any difficult activity like running. Find good places to exercise. You do not need to spend a lot of money on exercise. You can run or play sport in a park or in your school gym. 18 You don’t need to buy equipment (器材). Just get your body moving! Keep regular exercise. Choose a sport you have interest in and then your exercise will be fun. If you want to stay healthy, you’d better exercise at least 3 times every week. 19 It is important to drink water when you exercise. Your body needs water for keeping cool. Be careful! If you get hurt (受伤), take a good rest until (直到) you feel better. 20 A．Drink lots of water. B．Keeping fit is hard. C．Exercising when you are hurt is bad for your health. D．Drink enough milk. E．Here are some ways about how to exercise well. F．They are good places for students to exercise. G．It is important to warm up before you exercise. 【答案】16．E 17．G 18．F 19．A 20．C 【导语】本文讲述了锻炼的重要性以及关于如何好好锻炼的一些方法，包括热身、找合适的锻炼场所、规律锻炼、锻炼时喝水以及受伤时的注意事项等。 16．根据“Do you often exercise? It is important to us.”以及后文介绍锻炼的方法，可知选项E“以下是一些关于如何好好锻炼的方法”符合语境，起总起引出下文的作用，故选E。 17．由前文“Warm up (热身).”以及后文“You need to stretch (伸展) your legs, arms, back and neck before you do any difficult activity like running.”，可知选项G“在你锻炼前热身是很重要的”符合语境，进一步阐述热身的重要性，故选G。 18．依据前文“You can run or play sport in a park or in your school gym.”，选项F“它们是学生锻炼的好地方”中“they”指代前文提到的公园和学校体育馆，符合语境，故选F。 19．从后文“It is important to drink water when you exercise.”，可知选项A“多喝水”符合语境，是对该段内容的概括，故选A。 20．根据前文“If you get hurt (受伤), take a good rest until (直到) you feel better.”，选项C“当你受伤时锻炼对你的健康有害 ”符合语境，进一步说明受伤时锻炼的不良影响，故选C。 三、短文填空 阅读短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内所给词的正确形式填空，使短文通顺、连贯。 The Chinese solar (太阳的) calendar divides the year into 24 solar terms. Of all the terms, Qingming is the only one whose first day is also a 21 (tradition) Chinese festival, Qingming Festival or Tomb-Sweeping Day. 22 (it) meaning is “clear” and “bright”. It describes the weather during this period. Temperatures begin to rise and rainfall increases. It is 23 important time in the spring. Qingming is not only a time 24 (remember) the dead, it is also a time for people to go out and enjoy nature. As trees turn green and the sun shines 25 (bright), everything returns to life. It is a fine time to admire the beauty of nature. This custom can date back to the Spring and Autumn Period (770—476 BC) and Warring States Period (475—221 BC). Walking outside in spring adds joy 26 life and encourages a healthy body and mind. Flying kites is an activity loved by many Chinese during Tomb-Sweeping Day. Kites are flown both during the day time 27 in the evening. Little lanterns 28 (tie) to the kite. When the kites are flying in the sky, the lanterns look like bright stars at night. What 29 (make) flying kites during this day special is that people cut the string (绳) while the kite is in the sky to let it fly free. It is said that this brings good luck and that 30 (disease) are kept away from people by doing this. 【答案】 21．traditional 22．Its 23．an 24．to remember 25．brightly 26．to 27．and 28．are tied 29．makes 30．diseases 【导语】本文讲述了清明节的相关内容，包括其在中国农历节气中的地位、传统习俗以及文化意义。 21．句意：在所有的节气中，清明是唯一一个节气首日也是中国传统节日——清明节或扫墓节的日子。根据“Chinese festival”可知，此处需要一个形容词来修饰名词“festival”，表示“传统的中国节日”。tradition的形容词形式是traditional，意为“传统的”。故填traditional。 22．句意：它的意思是“清澈”和“明亮”。根据“meaning”可知，此处需要一个形容词性物主代词来修饰名词，表示“它的意思”。it的形容词性物主代词是its，意为“它的”。故填Its。 23．句意：它是春天的一个重要时刻。根据“important time”可知，此处表示泛指“一个重要时刻”，且important以元音音素开头，因此使用不定冠词an。故填an。 24．句意：清明不仅是纪念逝者的时刻，也是人们外出享受大自然的时候。根据“a time...(remember) the dead”可知，此处使用动词不定式作后置定语，修饰名词time，表示“纪念逝者的时刻”。remember的动词不定式形式是to remember。故填to remember。 25．句意：随着树木变绿，阳光明媚，万物复苏。根据“shines”可知，此处需要一个副词来修饰动词，表示“阳光明媚地照耀”。bright的副词形式是brightly，意为“明亮地，明媚地”。故填brightly。 26．句意：春天外出散步给生活增添了乐趣，并鼓励身心健康。add…to“增添”。故填to。 27．句意：风筝在白天和晚上都会放飞。根据“both during the day time...in the evening”可知，此处表示“在白天和晚上”，使用连词both...and...连接两个并列的时间状语。故填and。 28．句意：小灯笼被系在风筝上。根据“Little lanterns...(tie) to the kite.”可知，主语“Little lanterns”与动词tie之间是被动关系，表示“小灯笼被系在风筝上”，因此使用被动语态be done形式。tie的过去分词是tied，且主语为复数，be动词用are。故填are tied。 29．句意：在这一天放风筝的特别之处在于，当风筝在天空中飞翔时，人们会剪断绳子让它自由飞翔。根据“What...(make) flying kites during this day special”可知，此处是主语从句，从句缺少主语，表示“使这一天放风筝特别的事情”，因此使用what引导主语从句，且谓语动词用第三人称单数形式makes。故填makes。 30．句意：据说这样做会带来好运，疾病也会远离人们。根据“...are kept away from people”可知，此处需要一个名词作主语，表示“疾病”。disease的名词形式是disease，且根据are可知，此处用其复数形式diseases。故填diseases。 19 / 21 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$