专题02 代词（人称、物主、反身代词 ）（暑假复习讲义）新八年级英语新教材仁爱科普版

专题02 代词（人称、物主、反身代词 ） 内容导航 01 复习目标→ 明考向、知权重、晓关联、以目标导学，以考向定标 02 知识重构 → 系统讲解核心知识，重构整合形成体系 脉络重构：快速扫描高频考点，定位薄区 典例破题：精选例题，呈现思路点拨+规范解答+方法提炼 巩固提升：趁热打铁练一练，强化巩固所学 03综合通关 → 综合演练，梯度设题；查漏补缺，闭环收官 知识点 常考考点 命题风向 人称代词 1.主格用来作句子的主语、表语 2.宾格用来作及物动词或者介词的宾语。 3.人称代词it除了可以指人指物之外,还可以表示“时间、天气、温度、距离、情况”等含义 1. 越来越注重语境理解，单纯的时间标志词识别题减少； 2. 不同时态进行对比辨析； 3. 在语篇中考查时态的一致性。 物主代词 1.形容词性物主代词只能作句子中名词的修饰语,后面要跟名词。 2.名词性物主代词相当于名词,既代替事物又表明所属关系,在句子中往往独立地作主语、宾语或者表语,后面千万不可以跟名词 3.“of + 名词性物主代词”称为双重所有格,作定语时放在名词的后面 反身代词 反身代词的常见搭配 考情解码：一般在单项选择题，完形填空、语法填空、选词填空题出现 ( 脉 ｜ 络 ｜ 重 ｜ 构 ) 人称代词 物主代词 反身代词 主格 宾格 形容词性物主代词 名词性物主代词 第一人称 单数 I me my mine myself 复数 we us our ours ourselves 第二人称 单数 you you your yours yourself 复数 you you your yours yourselves 第三人称 单数 he him his his himself she her her hers herself it it its its itself 复数 they them their theirs themselves 用法概述 作主语 作宾语 意为“……的” 相当于“形容词性物主代词+名词” 意为“……自己” ( 考 ｜ 点 ｜ 精 ｜ 讲 ) 知识点一 人称代词 【课标要求】 人称代词：人称代词代替人和事物的名称,分为主格和宾格两种形式。 I like him. 主语 谓语 宾语 代词充当主语的时候用主格，充当宾语的时候用宾格。 第一人 第二 第三 第一人称复数 第二人称复数 第三人称复数 男 女 中 主格 I you he she it we you they 宾格 me you him her it us you them (1)主格用来作句子的主语。如： I often go shopping on Sundays.(星期天我常去购物) (2)宾格用来作及物动词或者介词的宾语。 如：Who teaches you English this year?(今年谁教你们的英语？) We often write letters to her.(我们常给他写信) (3)人称代词作表语或者放在比较状语从句连词than或as之后时,可以用主格形式,也可以用宾格形式,口语中大多用宾格。如：--Who is it?(是谁？) –It’s I/me.(是我。) (4)三个不同人称同时出现,或者主语中包含“我”时,按照“you→he→I”的顺序表达。如： Both he and I are working at that computer company.(我和他都在那家电脑公司上班) –Who will go there?(谁要去那儿？) –You and me.(你和我) 【易错警示】 扩充1：人称代词中几个注意的情况： 第一人称单数代词 " I（我）" 不论在什么地方都要大写。 I study English every day.我天天学习英语。 " she "常常代替国家，城市，宠物等，表示一种亲密或爱抚的感情。 I live in China。She is a great country.我住在中国.她是一个伟大的国家。 " it " 可指身份不清人、天气、环境、时间。可用作形式主语、形式宾语或强调句型。 It's me. Open the door,please.是我，请开门。 " they " 有时代替一般人. They say you are good at computer.他们说你精通计算机。 【巩固提升1】 1.—Whose storybook is this? Is it Teng Fei’s? —It must belong to ________. He read it yesterday. A．him B．himself C．his 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——这本故事书是谁的？是滕飞的吗？——它一定属于他。他昨天读过。 him他，宾格；himself他自己，反身代词；his他的，物主代词。to是介词，后接人称代词宾格，应填him。 2.—What colour are the keys? —________ yellow. A．It’s B．Its C．They are 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——钥匙是什么颜色的？——它们是黄色的。 It’s它是；Its它的；They are它们是。根据问句“What colour are the keys?”可知，主语keys是复数名词，因此答语中应用复数代词they指代，be动词用are。 3.There were many trees on the earth, but now people ________ to build new houses. A．cut down B．cut them down C．cut down them 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——地球上曾经有很多树，但现在人们为了建新房而砍伐它们。 根据题干“people ________ to build new houses”及前文“many trees”可知，人们砍伐的是“树”，代词them只能放在cut和down之间，应填cut them down。 4.—Do you know the woman in a red dress? —Yes, she is our new teacher. She teaches ________ English this term. A．us B．our C．we 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——你认识那个穿红裙子的女士吗？——是的，她是我们的新老师。她这学期教我们英语。 us我们，宾格；our我们的，形容词性物主代词；we我们，主格。根据固定搭配“teach somebody something”可知，动词teaches后需用人称代词宾格作宾语。因此填us。 5.—I will visit my grandparents this summer holiday. —Please say hello to ________ for me. A．them B．they C．themselves 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——这个暑假我要去看望我的祖父母。——请代我向他们问好。 them他们（宾格）；they他们（主格）；themselves 他们自己。介词to后需要使用宾格形式，grandparents是复数，指代他们应用them。应填them。 【巩固提升1】 1.I decided to tell her the secret because she could keep it between ________ (we). 【答案】us 【详解】句意：我决定把秘密告诉她，因为她能保守它只在我们两人之间不外传。介词between后面需要用人称代词宾格，we的宾格形式是us。 2.My grandparents live far away. I can visit ________ only on weekends. (they) 【答案】them 【详解】句意：我的祖父母住得很远，我只能在周末去看望他们。visit是动词，后面需要用人称代词宾格作宾语，they的宾格形式是them。 3.The match is very important. Let’s watch ________ (it) together. 【答案】it 【详解】句意：这场比赛非常重要，让我们一起看它吧。“it”的宾格形式仍为it，此处watch为及物动词，后接代词宾格作宾语，指代前文的“The match”。 4.She is a good student. ________ (she) often helps others. 【答案】She 【详解】句意：她是一名好学生，她经常帮助别人。此处需用人称代词主格形式作主语，位于句首首字母应大写。故填She。 5.The Internet makes ________ (we) know more about the whole world. 【答案】us 【详解】句意：互联网使我们更加了解整个世界。make是使役动词，常用结构为“make sb. do sth.”，空格处应填入宾格，充当make的宾语。​题干给出的是we是主格。故填us。 【巩固提升3】 1.他对运动的热爱激励着我们变得更优秀。 His love for sports . 【答案】encourages us to be even better 【详解】原句中“激励着我们变得更优秀”是关键词。  “激励”对应的英文表达是“encourage”，主语“His love for sports”为第三人称单数，谓语动词需加s，故用“encourages”。 “encourage sb to do sth”是固定搭配，意为“激励某人做某事”，因此“我们变得更优秀”译为“us to be even better”，其中“even”用于加强比较级，体现“更”的含义。 2.多好的天气啊！让我们去公园吧。 What a fine day! Let ________ ________ to the park. 【答案】 us go 【详解】原句中“我们”和“去”是关键词，let sb. do sth.为固定句型，意为“让某人做某事”，let后需接人称代词宾格，“我们”的宾格形式是us，“去”用动词原形go。 3.旅行能给我们新的经历。 Travel can ________ ________ new experiences. 【答案】 give us 【详解】原句中“给我们”是关键词，表示“给我们……”的固定搭配为“give us…”。句中有情态动词can，后面用动词原形。故填give；us。 4.为何不开车带他们参观一下你的家乡呢？ Why not ________ ________ ________ your hometown by car? 【答案】 show them around 【详解】原句中“带他们参观”是关键词，表示“带某人参观某地”的短语是show sb. around。Why not后接动词原形，构成建议句型，且“他们”对应宾格形式them。 5.水对我们非常重要。 Water is very ________ to ________. 【答案】 important us 【详解】原句中“非常重要”是关键词，表示“对……重要”的形容词是important，常用结构为be important to sb.，意为“对某人很重要”。“我们”在此处作介词to的宾语，应用人称代词的宾格us。 知识点二 物主代词 物主代词：说明事物所属关系的代词,分为形容词性和名词性两种。 第一单数 第二人 称单数 第三人称单数 第一人称 复 数 第二人称复数 第三人称复数 阳性 阴性 中性 形容词性 my your his her its our your their 名词性 mine yours his hers its ours yours theirs (1)形容词性物主代词只能作句子中名词的修饰语,后面要跟名词。如： Is that your umbrella?(那是你的伞吗？) I often go to see my aunt on Sundays.(我经常在星期天去看望阿姨) They are their books.(是他们的书) (2)名词性物主代词相当于名词,既代替事物又表明所属关系,在句子中往往独立地作主语、宾语或者表语,后面千万不可以跟名词。如： This is your cup,but where is my cup(mine)?(这是你的杯子,可我的在哪儿？) Your classroom is very big, but ours(our classroom) is rather small.(你们的教室很大,我们的相当小) (3)“of + 名词性物主代词”称为双重所有格,作定语时放在名词的后面。如： A friend of mine came to see me yesterday.(我的一个朋友昨天来看我了) (指若干朋友中有一个来看我。) [试比较] My friend came to see me yesterday.(我的朋友昨天来看我了)(指我的那个特定的朋友来看我。) 【巩固提升1】 1.This isn’t my bag. It’s ________. A．her B．hers C．she’s 【答案】B 【详解】句意：这不是我的包，它是她的。 her她的，形容词性物主代词；hers她的，名词性物主代词；she’s是she is的缩写，意为“她是”。本空后面没有名词，需要单独使用表示“她的包”，因此选用名词性物主代词hers。 2.—What do you think of your community? —I think ________ community is better than ________. A．our, theirs B．our, their C．ours, theirs 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——你觉得你们社区怎么样？——我认为我们的社区比他们的更好。 our我们的，形容词性物主代词；their他们的，形容词性物主代词；ours我们的，名词性物主代词；theirs他们的，名词性物主代词。第一空后有名词community，需用形容词性物主代词our修饰名词；第二空后无名词，需用名词性物主代词theirs指代“他们的社区”。 3.—Whose coat is this? —It’s not ________. Maybe it’s ________ coat. A．my; her B．mine; hers C．mine; her 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——这是谁的大衣？——它不是我的。也许是她的大衣。 my和her为形容词性物主代词，后接名词；mine和hers为名词性物主代词，后不接名词。第一空后无名词，在句中作表语，应用名词性物主代词mine；第二空后有名词coat，应用形容词性物主代词her。 4.—There is a ping-pong bat on the chair. Is it ________? —No, it isn’t ________. I think it is Ella’s. A．yours; mine B．you; me C．my; your 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——椅子上有一个乒乓球拍。它是你的吗？——不，它不是我的。我想它是埃拉的。 yours你的，名词性物主代词；mine我的，名词性物主代词；you你，人称代词；me我，人称代词宾格；my我的，形容词性物主代词；your你的，形容词性物主代词。第一空和第二空后面均无名词，需要独立使用作表语，分别表示“你的（球拍）”和“我的（球拍）”，因此都要用名词性物主代词。故选A。 5.Could you help ________ look after ________ cats? We are so busy these days. A．we, our B．us , our C．our, us 【答案】B 【详解】句意：你能帮我们照顾我们的猫吗？这些天我们太忙了。 we我们（人称代词主格）；our我们的（形容词性物主代词）；us我们（人称代词宾格）。help是动词，后接人称代词宾格us作宾语；cats是名词，前用形容词性物主代词our修饰。应填us；our。 【巩固提升2】 1.This is my book, and ________ (you) is over there. 【答案】yours 【详解】句意：这是我的书，你的在那边。句中横线处需要表达“你的书”，作主语，应使用名词性物主代词，you的名词性物主代词为yours。 2.You need to talk with your classmates because your idea is different from ________ (they). 【答案】theirs 【详解】句意：你需要和同学们沟通，因为你的想法和他们的想法不一样。这里要表达的是“他们的（想法）”，需要用名词性物主代词，用来指代“their ideas”，避免重复，they的名词性物主代词是theirs。 3.Grandma takes good care of ________ (we) family and cooks nice food for us. 【答案】our 【详解】句意：奶奶悉心照料我们一家人，还给我们做可口的饭菜。该处需形容词性物主代词，修饰后面名词family，作定语；括号提示词we为主格，修饰名词要用物主代词，we变形为our，故填our。 4.May I borrow your umbrella?________ (I) is left at the gym. 【答案】Mine 【详解】句意：我可以借你的伞吗？我的（伞）落在体育馆了。句中空格处作主语，指代“我的伞”，需用名词性物主代词。I 的名词性物主代词为mine，相当于my umbrella，且位于句首首字母需大写。 5.I’m sorry that I took your knife instead of ________ (I) by mistake. 【答案】mine 【详解】句意：很抱歉，我错拿了你的刀而不是我的刀。句中instead of后需要指代“我的刀”，为避免名词重复，要用名词性物主代词mine，相当于my knife，故填mine。 【巩固提升3】 1.这是我第一次徒步旅行的经历。 It was ________ ________ ________ ________. 【答案】 my first hiking experience 【详解】原句中“我第一次徒步旅行的经历”是关键词，“我的”翻译为物主代词my；“第一次”翻译为序数词first；“徒步旅行”常用hiking表示，此处作定语修饰“经历”；“经历”翻译为名词experience，此处表示“第一次”，用单数。将词汇组合为名词短语“my first hiking experience”。 2.这是谁的网球？它是我表妹的。 ________ tennis ball is this? It’s my ________ 【答案】 Whose cousin’s 【详解】①此处需要一个疑问词，对物品的所属关系提问，Whose表示“谁的”，符合语法功能；②此处需要一个名词所有格，表示“表妹的（网球）”，cousin’s是cousin的所有格形式，符合语境。 3.Kangkang, your kite flies very ________. The yellow kite is ________. 康康，你的风筝飞得很高。这个黄色的风筝是你的。 【答案】 high yours 【详解】原句中“高”、“你的”是关键词，“高”对应的单词是high，“你的”对应的单词是yours，第一空用副词high修饰动词flies，表示“（飞得）高”；第二空处需要一个名词性物主代词，指代“你的风筝”，yours是名词性物主代词，本身就相当于your+名词，可以直接作表语，所以此处用yours。故填high；yours。 4.康康尽力遵守规则，因为他知道规则对他有好处。 Kangkang tries ________ best to ________ the rules because he knows the rules are good ________ him. 【答案】 his follow for 【详解】原句中第一个空“尽力”是关键词，表示“尽某人最大努力”的短语是try one’s best，本句主语Kangkang为男性，故填his；原句中第二空“遵守”是关键词，“遵守规则”的动词常用follow the rules，try one’s best to do sth意为“尽某人最大的努力做某事”，故填动词原形follow；原句中第三个空“对他有好处”是关键词，“对……有好处”的短语是be good for，原句已有are good，故填for。 5.直走就到了，就在你的右边。 Go straight and it’s ________ ________ ________. 【答案】 on your right 【详解】原句中“在你的右边”是关键词，此处使用on one’s right“在某人的右边”，your“你的”。 知识点三 反身代词 反身代词：表示我自己，你自己，他自己，我们自己，你们自己，他们自己等的词叫做反身代词。 第一人 称单数 第二人 称单数 第三人称单数 第一人称复数 第二人称复数 第三人称复数 男 性 女性 中性 myself yourself himself herself itself ourselves yourselves themselves 反身代词第一，二人称构成是由形容词性物主代词加 "-self " （复数加 -selves )构成。 第三人称反身代词是由人称代词宾格形式-self（复数加 -selves )构成。 (1)反身代词在句子中作宾语表示反射(指一个动作回到该动作执行者本身)。如： Don’t play with the knife, you might hurt yourself.(不要玩刀子,那会割伤你的) (2)在句子中作同位语表示强调(即用来强调名词或代词的语气)。如： The story itself is good. Only he didn’t tell it well.(故事本身是好的,只是他没有讲好) 【易错警示】 扩充 help oneself用法 用作招呼客人吃东西时的客套话，其意为“请随便吃”“请吃”。 Help yourself to the fruit. 吃点水果吧。 Make yourself at home, and help yourself to anything you like. 请不要拘束，喜欢吃什么就吃什么。 enjoy oneself=have a good time=have fun用法 自我欣赏,自娱;玩得痛快,过得愉快。 Did you enjoy yourself of the party?你在宴会上愉快吗? "enjoy oneself doing sth"=have fun doing sth.表示做某件事情非常的开心，陶醉于做某事，侧重于表现在“做什么”。 The girl enjoy herself playing in the garden. 【巩固提升1】 1.Help ________ to some fruit, kids! A．yourself B．yourselves C．themselves 【答案】B 【详解】句意：孩子们，请你们自己随便吃些水果！ yourself你自己；yourselves你们自己；themselves他们自己。固定搭配“help oneself to sth.”意为“请随便吃/用某物”，反身代词需与称呼对象保持一致。句中称呼对象是kids，表示复数“你们”，对应的反身代词是“yourselves”。应填yourselves。 2.They enjoyed ________ during the school trip. A．them B．themselves C．they 【答案】B 【详解】句意：他们在学校旅行期间玩得很开心。 them他们；themselves他们自己；they他们。固定搭配“enjoy oneself”意为“玩得开心”，主语是“They”，反身代词需用复数形式themselves。 3.—Who taught ________ English last term? —Nobody. She taught ________. A．her; herself B．herself; her C．she; herself 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——上学期谁教她英语？——没人。她自学的。 her她，宾格；她的，形容词性物主代词。herself她自己，反身代词。she她，主格。第一空位于动词taught之后作宾语，应用人称代词宾格her；第二空根据答语“Nobody”可知是自学，固定短语teach oneself表示“自学”，主语是She，对应的反身代词是herself。 4.Safety is very important to all of ________.We students should learn how to protect ________ in the daily life. A．our;ours B．our;ourselves C．us;ourselves 【答案】C 【详解】句意：安全对我们所有人都非常重要。我们学生应该学会在日常生活中如何保护自己。 第一空：介词 of 后应使用人称代词的宾格形式作宾语，we的宾格形式为us； 第二空：句中主语为“We students”，当宾语与主语指代同一人时，宾语需使用反身代词，we的反身代词为ourselves。应填us；ourselves。 5.He is not good at maths, but he often says to ________, “Never give up!” A．herself B．himself C．themselves 【答案】B 【详解】句意：他不擅长数学，但他经常对自己说：“永不放弃！” herself她自己；himself他自己；themselves他们自己。根据主语“He”可知，他是对自己说话，应使用与he对应的反身代词himself。 【巩固提升2】 1.We enjoyed ________ (we) during the school trip last week. 【答案】ourselves 【详解】句意：上周的学校旅行我们玩得很开心。固定短语“enjoy oneself”，表示“玩得开心”，“we”对应的反身代词为“ourselves”，故填ourselves。 2.The boy learned to tie his shoes by ________  (him). 【答案】himself 【详解】句意：这个男孩学会了自己系鞋带。所给的词him为人称代词宾格，意为“他”。固定搭配by oneself表示“独自，靠自己”，需要使用反身代词，him对应的反身代词是himself。 3.Welcome to my home! Help ________ (you) to some fruit. 【答案】yourself/yourselves 【详解】句意：欢迎来到我家！请随便吃些水果。句中“Help…to…”意为“请随便吃/喝……”，此处应用反身代词。根据语境，若对一个人说，故yourself符合语境；若对多个人说，故yourselves符合语境。故填yourself/yourselves。 4.Help ________ (you) to some fruit, boys and girls. 【答案】yourselves 【详解】句意：孩子们，请随意吃些水果吧。本句为祈使句，省略了主语you（即boys and girls）。help oneself to sth.意为“自用/随便吃某物”，主语和宾语指同一人时，宾语需用反身代词。当对象为复数时，反身代词需与对象保持一致，you的复数反身代词为yourselves。故填yourselves。 5.New Year’s Day is coming, so I decide to teach ________ (I) a foreign language. 【答案】myself 【详解】句意：新年快到了，所以我决定自学一门外语。“I”意为“我”，“teach oneself”意为“自学”，为固定搭配，此处主语为“I”，对应的反身代词是myself，故填myself。 【巩固提升3】 1.我确定他会成功的，他不应该担心自己。 I am sure he will be successful. He shouldn’t _________ _________ _________ _________. 【答案】 be worried about himself 【详解】原句中“担心自己”是关键词，“担心”常见的英文表达是“be worried about”，情态动词后填动词原形；“自己”对应的英文是“himself”，所以“担心自己”对应的英文表达是“be worried about himself”。故填be；worried；about；himself。 2.他看着镜子，对自己说：“你能做到的。” He looked in the mirror and ________ to ________, “You can do it.” 【答案】 said himself 【详解】原句中“对自己说”是关键词，表示“对自己说”的固定搭配是say to oneself。本句为一般过去时，动词say需用过去式said，主语是He，对应的反身代词是himself。应填said；himself。 3.小芳自学法语，吉姆自学中文。 Xiao Fang teaches ________ French, and Jim teaches ________ Chinese. 【答案】 herself himself 【详解】原句中“自学”是关键词，表示“自学”的短语是teach oneself。反身代词要和主语保持一致，主语是女性时（Xiao Fang），用“herself”，主语是男性（Jim）时，用“himself”。 4.企鹅聚集在一起，保护自己抵御寒冷多风的天气。 Penguins stay together to ________ ________ against the cold and windy weather. 【答案】 protect themselves 【详解】原句中“保护自己”是关键词，表示“保护自己”的短语是protect oneself；to后接动词原形，构成不定式作目的状语；主语Penguins对应的反身代词是themselves。故填protect；themselves。 5.Drivers should always tell __________ never to __________ the traffic __________ . 司机们应该始终告诫自己永远不要违反交通规则。 【答案】 themselves break rules 【详解】原句中的“自己”“违反”“规则”是关键词。主语Drivers是复数，“自己”对应的反身代词themselves，符合tell oneself（告诫自己）的结构；表示“违反”的英语为break，to后接动词原形；表示“规则”的单词为rule，是可数名词，交通规则不止一条，所以用复数形式rules。 一、单项选择 1.—Mum, where is ________ rope? And Emma’s? We’ll go out and jump rope. —Yours is right here. ________ is in her room. A．your; She B．my; She C．my; Hers D．your; Hers 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——妈妈，我的绳子在哪里？还有艾玛的？我们要出去跳绳。——你的就在这里。她的在她房间里。 your你的（形容词性物主代词，后接名词）；my我的（形容词性物主代词，后接名词）；she她（人称代词主格）；hers她的（名词性物主代词，可单独使用，后不接名词）。第一空后有名词rope，需用形容词性物主代词，排除she；根据对话语境是孩子问“我的”绳子，应填my。第二空后无名词，需用名词性物主代词代替“Emma’s rope”，应填Hers。故选my; Hers。 2.That badminton racket is not ________. It is ________. A．my; her B．mine; hers C．mine; her D．my; hers 【答案】B 【详解】句意：那个羽毛球球拍不是我的。它是她的。 my我的，形容词性物主代词；her她的，形容词性物主代词；mine我的，名词性物主代词；hers她的，名词性物主代词。句中两个空后均无名词，且在系动词后作表语，表示“某人的(东西)”，因此两处都需用名词性物主代词。 3.—Are these ________ beef and carrot dumplings? —Yes, they are ________. They are made by my mother. A．your; my B．yours; mine C．your; mine D．yours; my 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——这些是你的牛肉胡萝卜饺子吗？——是的，它们是我的。它们是我妈妈做的。 your你的（形容词性物主代词）；yours你的（名词性物主代词）；my我的（形容词性物主代词）；mine我的（名词性物主代词）。第一空后为名词短语“beef and carrot dumplings”，需用形容词性物主代词修饰，应用your；第二空后无名词，且单独作表语，表示“我的饺子”，需用名词性物主代词，应用mine。 4.Here are different kinds of delicious foods. Help ________, children. A．you B．your C．yours D．yourselves 【答案】D 【详解】句意：这里有各种各样的美味食物。孩子们，请你们自便。 you你/你们；your你的/你们的；yours你的/你们的；yourselves你们自己。固定搭配help oneself意为“请自便”，根据称呼语“children”可知对象是复数，反身代词应用 yourselves。 5.—Did you make this cake by ________? —Yes, I learned it all by ________. A．you; myself B．yourself; me C．yourself; myself D．you; me 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——这个蛋糕是你自己做的吗？ ——是的，我全是自学的。 you你；myself我自己；yourself你自己；me我（宾格）。“by oneself”表示“独自地”，主语“you”对应的反身代词是yourself；答句中主语“I”对应的反身代词是myself。所以选C。 6.—________ a month do you play baseball? —About three times a month and I often play with ________ teammates. A．How many times; my B．How often; my C．How many times; mine D．How often; mine 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——你一个月打几次棒球？——大约一个月三次，我经常和我的队友一起打。 How many times多少次（用于询问具体次数）；my我的（形容词性物主代词）。How often多久一次（用于询问频率）。mine我的（名词性物主代词）。第一空询问“一个月多少次”，用“How many times”；第二空修饰名词“teammates”，用形容词性物主代词“my”。 7.—Excuse me. Is this ________ new house? —Yes. It’s ________. Their parents bought it last week. A．Lily and Lucy’s; theirs B．Lily’s and Lucy’s; them C．Lily and Lucy’s; them D．Lily’s and Lucy’s; their 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——打扰一下。这是莉莉和露西的新房子吗？——是的。这是她们的房子。她们的父母上周买的。 Lily and Lucy’s莉莉和露西的；Lily’s and Lucy’s莉莉的和路西的；theirs她们的，名词性物主代词；them她们，宾格；their她们的，形容词性物主代词。第一空：根据“house”为单数，可知是两人共同拥有，在第二个人名后加’s，用Lily and Lucy’s；第二空：指代“她们的房子”，空后无名词，用名词性物主代词theirs。 8.________ schoolbag is white. ________ likes it very much. A．She; Her B．Her; She C．Hers; She D．Her; Hers 【答案】B 【详解】句意：她的书包是白色的。她非常喜欢它。 第一空修饰名词schoolbag，应用形容词性物主代词Her，表示“她的”；第二空作主语，应用主格人称代词She。 9.Don’t tell others about it. It’s only between ________ . A．you and I B．you and me C．I and our D．me and your 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——别把这件事告诉其他人。这只限于你我之间。 you你（主格/宾格）；I我（主格）；me我（宾格）；our我们的（形容词性物主代词）；your你的（形容词性物主代词）。介词between后接人称代词要用宾格形式，应填you and me。 10.It is so cloudy. I think it ________ rain. You’d better take an umbrella with ________. A．is going to; your B．will; yours C．is going to; you D．will; your 【答案】C 【详解】句意：天阴得很厉害，我觉得要下雨了。你最好随身带把伞。 be going to根据现有迹象，很可能即将发生的动作；will通常用于表达临时决定；yours你的，名词性物主代词，后面不能接名词；you你，人称代词的宾格/主格；your你的，形容词性物主代词，后面必须接名词。根据“It is so cloudy”可知，客观迹象表明将要下雨，用be going to结构；with是介词，后接人称代词宾格you。 二、语法填空 A （24-25七年级下·福建三明·期末）阅读下面短文，根据语境在每个空格内填入一个恰当的词，或填入括号中所给单词的适当形式 (不超过两个词) ，要求所填的词意义准确、形式正确，使短文意思完整、行文连贯。 The Dragon Boat Festival is a traditional festival in China. To celebrate it, there are plenty of 1 (activity). And the dragon boat race is one of them. The dragon boat race is 2 team activity. There 3 (be) usually 12 people in a boat. People in the boat must work together to keep the boat moving as fast as possible. Last summer, I 4 (take) part in a dragon boat race with my classmates. 5 the beginning, we met some problems. We didn’t know how to row fast. Sometimes, we had a fight. So, our teacher Mr. Li, 6 (hold) a meeting for us. He said we must work as a team. We all felt sorry for each other 7 made peace after the meeting. After that, we all decided to practice four hours a day. Mr. Li also gave 8 (we) some useful advice. On the day of the game, all of us tried our best 9 (row) the boat fast. And all of my classmates and teachers cheered us on 10 (loud) by the river. At last, we won the first place. We all felt excited and learned the importance of teamwork. 【答案】1．activities 2．a 3．are 4．took 5．At/In 6．held 7．and 8．us 9．to row 10．loudly 【导语】本文主要讲述了作者与同学参加龙舟比赛的经历，通过团队合作最终获得第一名，并从中体会到团队精神的重要性。 【详解】1．句意： 为了庆祝端午节，有许多活动。根据 “plenty of” 可知，后接可数名词复数形式，故填 activities。 2．句意： 龙舟比赛是一项团队活动。根据 “team activity” 可知，此处指“一项活动”，且team首字母发辅音音素，所以不定冠词用a。故填 a。 3．句意： 通常一条船上有12个人。根据 “12 people” 可知，主语表复数，所以be动词用are。故填 are。 4．句意： 去年夏天，我和同学参加了一场龙舟比赛。根据 “Last summer” 可知，时态为一般过去时，所以空处用take的过去式took。故填 took。 5．句意： 在开始时，我们遇到了一些问题。根据 “...the beginning” 可知，此处考查固定搭配at/in the beginning“起初，一开始” ，介词短语作状语。故填 At/In。 6．句意： 所以，我们的老师李先生为我们召开了一次会议。根据上下文时态可知，时态为一般过去时，所以空处用hold的过去式held。故填 held。 7．句意： 我们都为彼此感到抱歉，并在会后和解了。根据“felt sorry for each other”和“made peace after the meeting”在句意上是顺承关系，所以用and连接。故填 and。 8．句意： 李先生也给了我们一些有用的建议。动词 “gave” 后应跟we的宾格us作宾语，故填 us。 9．句意： 比赛当天，我们都尽力划快船。 “try one’s best to do sth” 是固定短语，表示“尽力做某事”，所以空处用动词不定式。故填 to row。 10．句意： 我的同学和老师都在河边大声为我们加油。空处修饰动词 “cheered” ，所以用loud的副词loudly，故填 loudly。 B （24-25七年级下·福建福州·期末）阅读下面短文，根据语境、音标或所给单词的提示，在空白处填入一个恰当的词或者括号内所给单词的适当形式(不超过两个词)，要求所填的词意义准确、形式正确，使短文意思完整、行文连贯。 Today we went on a school trip to a green farm. It was great fun! When I got up early in the morning, it rained 1 (heavy). Soon the rain stopped and the sun came out. After arriving, we visited the farm. There were large tents with tomatoes, carrots and many other fruits and vegetables. The farmers 2 (tell) us about how these fruits and vegetables go 3 the fields (田地) to our tables. I was very interested because I usually only see them in the supermarket. Then we got 4 /streɪt/ to work! First, we picked some 5 (strawberry) carefully. The work wasn’t so difficult, 6 we needed to spend some time doing it well. Slowly, many baskets were full. In the afternoon, the farmers showed us 7 to cut branches (枝) and leaves from tomato plants. This helps them to grow more fruit. Finally, we watered the plants. Plants need so much work! We felt a little tired, but enjoyed 8 (we) during working. One thing I learned today: Farming isn’t easy! It made me think of the saying, “Every grain (粮食) comes from hard work.” The farmers asked us 9 (take) some vegetables home. My mum cooked some for dinner, and they were fresh and nice! They 10 /teɪst/ better when you work for them. It was really an unforgettable experience! 【答案】1．heavily 2．told 3．from 4．straight 5．strawberries 6．but 7．how 8．ourselves 9．to take 10．taste 【导语】本文讲述了作者参加学校组织的农场之旅的经历，描述了在农场的所见所闻以及学到的知识。 【详解】1．句意：当我一大早起床时，雨下得很大。heavy“大的，重的”，此处用其副词形式修饰动词rained。故填heavily。 2．句意：农民们告诉我们这些水果和蔬菜是如何从田地运到餐桌的。tell“告诉”，时态为一般过去时，此处用动词过去式。故填told。 3．句意：农民们告诉我们这些水果和蔬菜是如何从田地运到餐桌的。根据“how these fruits and vegetables go … the fields (田地) to our tables”可知，告诉“我们”这些水果和蔬菜是如何从田地运到餐桌的。from … to …“从……到……”。故填from。 4．句意：然后我们直接去工作了！根据句意和音标提示可知，直接去工作了。go straight to“直接去”。故填straight。 5．句意：首先，我们小心翼翼地摘了一些草莓。some后接strawberry“草莓”的名词复数形式。故填strawberries。 6．句意：这项工作并不难，但我们需要花些时间把它做好。“这项工作并不难”和“我们需要花些时间把它做好”是转折关系，用but“但是”连接句子。故填but。 7．句意：下午，农民们向我们展示了如何从番茄植株上切树枝和叶子。根据“showed us … from tomato plants”可知，农民们展示了如何从番茄植株上切树枝和叶子。how to do sth“如何做某事”，how“如何，怎么样”。故填how。 8．句意：我们觉得有点累，但在工作中玩得很开心。enjoy oneself“玩得愉快”，此处用we“我们”的反身代词形式。故填ourselves。 9．句意：农民们让我们带些蔬菜回家。ask sb to do sth“让某人做某事”，此处用take“拿”的不定式形式。故填to take。 19．句意：当你为他们工作时，他们的味道会更好。根据句意和音标提示可知，味道尝起来会更好。taste“尝起来”。故填taste。 三、选词填空 A （24-25七年级下·河南开封·期末）阅读短文，从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使短文通顺、意思完整。每空限填一词，每词限用一次。 way   but   choice   offer   cheap   easy   website  better   company  experiences Going for a trip is a good chance to have fun. Do you want some more interesting 1 when you first arrive in a city? Here are some good 2 to travel, both for you and for the environment. Way 1 Get out of the car and walk. It’s slow, 3 it’s a green way to travel. It’s also a 4 way to see a city. But remember to wear comfortable shoes. Way 2 Riding a bike is also a good one among all the 5 . Many hotels now 6 free bikes to guests (客人). It is an easy way for people to travel around the city. Some cities also have shared bikes, and you can find one 7 . It’s not free but very 8 . Way 3 If possible, take buses, trains or ships to travel from city to city. Most cities now offer lots of information and very clear maps at the city’s 9 Way 4 When the only way to travel is by car, use electric (电动) cars. Many car rental (租赁) 10 now offer them! Let’s work together to protect our environment. 【答案】1．experiences 2．ways 3．but 4．better 5．choices 6．offer 7．easily 8．cheap 9．website 10．companies 【导语】本文主要介绍了四种环保的旅行方式，包括步行、骑自行车、乘坐公共交通工具和使用电动汽车。 【详解】1．句意：当你第一次到达一个城市时，你想要一些更有趣的经历吗？分析句子可知，此处填名词作宾语；根据“Going for a trip is a good chance to have fun. Do you want some more interesting...”可知，旅行是玩的开心的好机会，此处问你是否想要一些更有趣的经历，experiences“经历”，复数名词，作宾语。符合语境。故填experiences。 2．句意：以下是一些对你和环境都有益的旅行方式。根据下文“Way 1, Way 2...”可知，下文列举了一些有益的旅行方式，way“方式，方法”，可数名词，some修饰复数名词，way变为ways。故填ways。 3．句意：它很慢，但是它是一种环保的旅行方式。根据“It’s slow, ...it’s a green way to travel.”可知，它很慢但是一种环保的旅行方式。but“但是”，前后表示转折。符合语境。故填but。 4．句意：它也是一种更好的游览城市的方式。根据“It’s also a...way to see a city.”可知，此处在继续介绍散步出行的好处，是一种更好的游览城市的方式。better“更好的”，形容词比较级，作定语修饰名词way，符合语境。故填better。 5．句意：骑自行车也是所有选择中的一个好选择。根据“Riding a bike is also a good one among all the...”可知，此处应填名词作宾语，表示“在所有选择中骑自行车也很好”，all修饰可数名词复数，choice意为“选择”，复数为choices，符合语境。故填choices。 6．句意：许多酒店现在提供免费自行车给客人。根据“Many hotels now...free bikes to guests”可知，许多酒店现在提供免费自行车给客人。offer“提供”，作谓语，符合语境。故填offer。 7．句意：有些城市也有共享单车，你很容易就能找到。根据“Some cities also have shared bikes, and you can find one...”可知，有些城市也有共享单车，你很容易就能找到，easy为形容词，此处变为副词easily，意为“容易地”，修饰动词find。故填easily。 8．句意：它不是免费的，但非常便宜。根据“It’s not free but very...”可知，共享单车不免费但是很便宜，cheap“便宜的”，形容词作表语，符合语境。故填cheap。 9．句意：现在，大多数城市都会在城市网站上提供大量信息和非常清晰的地图。根据“Most cities now offer lots of information and very clear maps at the city’s...”可知，大多数城市都会在城市网站上提供大量信息和非常清晰的地图，website“网站”，名词在此处作宾语，符合语境。故填website。 10．句意：许多汽车租赁公司现在提供它们。根据“Many car rental (租赁)...now offer them!”可知，汽车租赁公司提供电车，company“公司”，可数名词，many修饰复数名词，因此company变为companies，作主语。故填companies。 B （24-25七年级下·河南开封·期末）阅读短文，从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使短文通顺、意思完整。每空限填一词，每词限用一次。 promise   because   paint   die   he   quickly   set   true   happy   with There was a boy named Ma Liang. He liked painting. One night, he had a dream. An old man gave him a paintbrush and said, “It is a magic paintbrush. It can make your 1 come to life. Please use it to help the poor people.” From then on, Ma Liang started to help the poor people 2 the magic paintbrush. One day, some men put Ma Liang into prison (监狱), 3 a bad man wanted the magic paintbrush. After getting the paintbrush, he painted a gold mountain for 4 , but nothing happened. He didn’t know the 5 about the paintbrush—it only worked for kind people. The bad man said, “If you paint a gold mountain for me, I will 6 you free.” Ma Liang thought for a moment and 7 to paint for him. Ma Liang painted a gold mountain on the sea and it became real. The bad man was very 8 and shouted, “Paint me a big boat!” Ma Liang painted a boat. The bad man and his friends 9 got on the boat. When the boat went into the sea, Ma Liang painted a big wind and a large wave (波浪). The boat turned over, and the bad man and his friends 10 . Ma Liang could help the poor people again. 【答案】1．paintings 2．with 3．because 4．himself 5．truth 6．set 7．promised 8．happy 9．quickly 10．died 【导语】本文讲述了少年马良获得一支神笔，能用它帮助穷人。恶人夺笔后无法使用，胁迫马良画金山。马良设计让恶人乘船出海，最终用风浪使其覆舟身亡，继续帮助百姓的故事。 【详解】1．句意：它能让你的绘画栩栩如生。根据“It can make your...come to life.”可知，句中表述画笔能让他的“绘画”活过来。形容词性物主代词“your”后面应该跟名词，“paint”的名词形式是“paintings”，表示“画作”，符合语境。故填paintings。 2．句意：从那时起，马良开始用这把神奇的画笔帮助穷人。根据“Ma Liang started to help the poor people...the magic paintbrush”可知，这里需要一个介词表示“使用某种工具” ，“with”作为介词有“用、以”的意思，用于说明使用具体的工具或手段，符合语境。故填with。 3．句意：一天，一些人把马良关进了监狱，因为一个坏人想要这把神奇的画笔。根据“One day, some men put Ma Liang into prison...a bad man wanted the magic paintbrush.”可知，后一句是前一句发生的原因，“because”是引导原因状语从句的连词，用来解释事情发生的理由。故填because。 4．句意：拿到画笔后，他为自己画了一座金山，但什么也没发生。根据“After getting the paintbrush, he painted a gold mountain for...but nothing happened.”可知，这里表达的是坏人给自己画金山，当动作的执行者和承受者是同一人时，要用反身代词，“he”对应的反身代词是“himself”，符合语境。故填himself。 5．句意：他不知道关于这把画笔的真相——它只对善良的人起作用。根据“He didn’t know the...about the paintbrush—it only worked for kind people.”可知，此处需要一个名词，“true”是形容词，其名词形式“truth”表示“真相、事实” ，“the truth about”表示“关于……的真相”。故填truth。 6．句意：如果你为我画一座金山，我就放了你。根据“If you paint a gold mountain for me, I will...you free.”可知，此处考查固定短语“set sb. free”，表示“释放某人”，且“will”后接动词原形，所以用“set”。故填set。 7．句意：马良想了一会儿，答应为他作画。根据“Ma Liang thought for a moment and...to paint for him”可知，此处需要一个动词，句子时态是一般过去时态，因此要用动词过去式，“promise to do sth.”表示“承诺做某事”，“promise”的过去式是“promised”。故填promised。 8．句意：这个坏人非常高兴，喊道：“给我画一艘大船！”。根据“The bad man was very...and shouted, ‘Paint me a big boat!’”可知，“was”是系动词，后面需要接形容词作表语，“happy”是形容词，意为“高兴的”，符合坏人看到金山成真后的情绪状态。故填happy。 9．句意：坏人和他的朋友们迅速上了船。根据“The bad man and his friends...got on the boat.”可知，此处需要一个副词来修饰动词短语“got on”，“quickly”是副词，意为“迅速地”，表示动作发生的速度快。故填quickly。 10．句意：船翻了，坏人和他的朋友们都死了。根据“The boat turned over, and the bad man and his friends...”可知，此处是一个动词，句子是一般过去时态，因此要用动词过去式，“die”意为“死亡”，其过去式是“died”，符合船翻后坏人和他朋友的结果。故填died。 四、任务型阅读 A （24-25七年级下·重庆铜梁·期末）阅读下文并回答问题，并将答案填写在答题卡对应的横线上。 The sun shines brightly and the air is fresh. A mother cat is going fishing. When the little cat sees this, he also wants to go with her. The mother cat agrees, so they carry their fishing rods and set off. When they come to the side of the small river, the fish are swimming around in the water. As soon as they sit down, a dragonfly (蜻蜓) flies over and dances in the air. The little cat thinks the dragonfly is really cute, so he puts down his fishing rod and goes to catch it. However, the dragonfly flies away, and the little cat comes back with nothing. When he looks, the mother cat already catches a big fish. The little cat sits down to fish again. A colorful butterfly (蝴蝶) flies over, and it is very beautiful. The little cat puts down the fishing rod again and goes to catch the butterfly. The butterfly flies away, and the little cat still doesn’t catch it. When he comes back, The mother cat catches another big fish again. The little cat asks angrily, “Why can’t I catch even a small fish?” The mother cat says, “Just like anything else, you need to focus on fishing if you want to succeed. Think about what you did just now. Of course, you can’t catch any fish that way.” After hearing these words, ___________________. 1．Is it sunny today? 2．What does the mother cat want to do? 3．What does the little cat do when they are fishing? 4．What happens next? Please finish the story. (about 20 words) 【答案】1．Yes, it is. 2．She wants to go fishing. 3．He puts down the fishing rod and wants to catch the dragonfly and butterfly. 4．the little cat sits down and focuses on fishing, without going to catch dragonflies or butterflies, finally he catches a big fish. 【导语】本文讲述了小猫和猫妈妈一起去钓鱼。小猫看见蜻蜓和蝴蝶，救放下鱼竿，去捉它们，没有钓到一条鱼。而猫妈妈钓到了很大的鱼。 【详解】1．根据“The sun shines brightly and the air is fresh.”可知，今天是晴天，此处用肯定回答。故填Yes, it is. 2．根据“A mother cat is going fishing.”可知，猫妈妈想要去钓鱼。故填She wants to go fishing. 3．根据“The little cat thinks the dragonfly is really cute, so he puts down his fishing rod and goes to catch it.”和“The little cat sits down to fish again. A colorful butterfly (蝴蝶) flies over, and it is very beautiful.”可知，当他们在钓鱼时，小猫放下钓鱼竿，想去捉蜻蜓和蝴蝶，故填He puts down the fishing rod and wants to catch the dragonfly and butterfly. 4．根据“The mother cat says, ‘Just like anything else, you need to focus on fishing if you want to succeed. Think about what you did just now, Of course, you can’t catch any fish that way.’”可知，听了猫妈妈的话，小猫坐下来，专心钓鱼，不去捉蜻蜓和蝴蝶，最后他钓到了一条大鱼。故填the little cat sits down and focuses on fishing, without going to catch dragonflies or butterflies, finally he catches a big fish. B （24-25七年级下·重庆永川·期末）阅读下文并回答问题。 Zhou Dong is a kind man in his hometown village. He was a worker in a big city. But, last year, he left his job and went back home to help villagers grow and sell oranges. Many villagers in his hometown grew oranges. The oranges tasted good but didn’t sell well. Zhou wanted to help them. Last year, he went back with three of his friends and started an online shop. Zhou’s team worked hard to tell people about the delicious oranges, and shoppers could get the oranges in just one or two days through online shopping. People could buy them online and get them in one or two days. Soon, they sold out all the oranges. But there was another problem for most orange gardens. Many orange farms lost too much water and good soil. Water and soil (土壤) are important to the taste of the oranges. To solve this problem, Zhou’s team helped change the water ways and improve the soil.    Zhou and his friends decided to stay and help bring more changes to their hometown. 1．Is Zhou Dong a kind man in his hometown village? 2．What did many villagers grow in his hometown? 3．What did Zhou Dong do to help the villagers? 4．If you are Zhou Dong’s friend, what other things can you do to help the villagers? (at least 2 things) 【答案】1．Yes. 2．Oranges. 3．They helped villagers sell out the oranges and improved water and soil. 4．I can teach villagers how to sell oranges online. Also, I can sell orange juice or other orange products.（答案不唯一，合理即可） 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了曾在大城市工作的周东回到家乡，和朋友一起通过开网店帮助村民卖掉橘子，并改善橘子园的水利和土壤，还决定留下来为家乡带来更多改变的故事。 1．根据“Zhou Dong is a kind man in his hometown village.”可知，周东在他家乡的村子里是一个善良的人。故填Yes. 2．根据“Many villagers in his hometown grew oranges.”可知，他家乡的许多村民种橘子。故填Oranges. 3． 根据“Zhou’s team worked hard... Soon, they sold out all the oranges.”以及“Zhou’s team helped change the water ways and improve the soil.”可知，周东和他的团队帮助村民卖光了橘子，还改善了水利和土壤。故填 They helped villagers sell out the oranges and improved water and soil. 4．此题为开放性试题。根据故事中周东帮助村民的做法，结合实际情况，可想到其他帮助方式。例如，可以教村民如何更好地储存橘子，也可以联系更多的买家扩大销路。故填 I can teach villagers how to store oranges better. Also, I can contact more buyers to expand sales.（答案不唯一，合理即可） 19 / 21 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题02 代词（人称、物主、反身代词 ） 内容导航 01 复习目标→ 明考向、知权重、晓关联、以目标导学，以考向定标 02 知识重构 → 系统讲解核心知识，重构整合形成体系 脉络重构：快速扫描高频考点，定位薄区 典例破题：精选例题，呈现思路点拨+规范解答+方法提炼 巩固提升：趁热打铁练一练，强化巩固所学 03综合通关 → 综合演练，梯度设题；查漏补缺，闭环收官 知识点 常考考点 命题风向 人称代词 1.主格用来作句子的主语、表语 2.宾格用来作及物动词或者介词的宾语。 3.人称代词it除了可以指人指物之外,还可以表示“时间、天气、温度、距离、情况”等含义 1. 越来越注重语境理解，单纯的时间标志词识别题减少； 2. 不同时态进行对比辨析； 3. 在语篇中考查时态的一致性。 物主代词 1.形容词性物主代词只能作句子中名词的修饰语,后面要跟名词。 2.名词性物主代词相当于名词,既代替事物又表明所属关系,在句子中往往独立地作主语、宾语或者表语,后面千万不可以跟名词 3.“of + 名词性物主代词”称为双重所有格,作定语时放在名词的后面 反身代词 反身代词的常见搭配 考情解码：一般在单项选择题，完形填空、语法填空、选词填空题出现 ( 脉 ｜ 络 ｜ 重 ｜ 构 ) 人称代词 物主代词 反身代词 主格 宾格 形容词性物主代词 名词性物主代词 第一人称 单数 I me my mine myself 复数 we us our ours ourselves 第二人称 单数 you you your yours yourself 复数 you you your yours yourselves 第三人称 单数 he him his his himself she her her hers herself it it its its itself 复数 they them their theirs themselves 用法概述 作主语 作宾语 意为“……的” 相当于“形容词性物主代词+名词” 意为“……自己” ( 考 ｜ 点 ｜ 精 ｜ 讲 ) 知识点一 人称代词 【课标要求】 人称代词：人称代词代替人和事物的名称,分为主格和宾格两种形式。 I like him. 主语 谓语 宾语 代词充当主语的时候用主格，充当宾语的时候用宾格。 第一人 第二 第三 第一人称复数 第二人称复数 第三人称复数 男 女 中 主格 I you he she it we you they 宾格 me you him her it us you them (1)主格用来作句子的主语。如： I often go shopping on Sundays.(星期天我常去购物) (2)宾格用来作及物动词或者介词的宾语。 如：Who teaches you English this year?(今年谁教你们的英语？) We often write letters to her.(我们常给他写信) (3)人称代词作表语或者放在比较状语从句连词than或as之后时,可以用主格形式,也可以用宾格形式,口语中大多用宾格。如：--Who is it?(是谁？) –It’s I/me.(是我。) (4)三个不同人称同时出现,或者主语中包含“我”时,按照“you→he→I”的顺序表达。如： Both he and I are working at that computer company.(我和他都在那家电脑公司上班) –Who will go there?(谁要去那儿？) –You and me.(你和我) 【易错警示】 扩充1：人称代词中几个注意的情况： 第一人称单数代词 " I（我）" 不论在什么地方都要大写。 I study English every day.我天天学习英语。 " she "常常代替国家，城市，宠物等，表示一种亲密或爱抚的感情。 I live in China。She is a great country.我住在中国.她是一个伟大的国家。 " it " 可指身份不清人、天气、环境、时间。可用作形式主语、形式宾语或强调句型。 It's me. Open the door,please.是我，请开门。 " they " 有时代替一般人. They say you are good at computer.他们说你精通计算机。 【巩固提升1】 1.—Whose storybook is this? Is it Teng Fei’s? —It must belong to ________. He read it yesterday. A．him B．himself C．his 2.—What colour are the keys? —________ yellow. A．It’s B．Its C．They are 3.There were many trees on the earth, but now people ________ to build new houses. A．cut down B．cut them down C．cut down them 4.—Do you know the woman in a red dress? —Yes, she is our new teacher. She teaches ________ English this term. A．us B．our C．we 5.—I will visit my grandparents this summer holiday. —Please say hello to ________ for me. A．them B．they C．themselves 【巩固提升1】 1.I decided to tell her the secret because she could keep it between ________ (we). 2.My grandparents live far away. I can visit ________ only on weekends. (they) 3.The match is very important. Let’s watch ________ (it) together. 4.She is a good student. ________ (she) often helps others. 5.The Internet makes ________ (we) know more about the whole world. 【巩固提升3】 1.他对运动的热爱激励着我们变得更优秀。 His love for sports . 2.多好的天气啊！让我们去公园吧。 What a fine day! Let ________ ________ to the park. 3.旅行能给我们新的经历。 Travel can ________ ________ new experiences. 4.为何不开车带他们参观一下你的家乡呢？ Why not ________ ________ ________ your hometown by car? 5.水对我们非常重要。 Water is very ________ to ________. 知识点二 物主代词 物主代词：说明事物所属关系的代词,分为形容词性和名词性两种。 第一单数 第二人 称单数 第三人称单数 第一人称 复 数 第二人称复数 第三人称复数 阳性 阴性 中性 形容词性 my your his her its our your their 名词性 mine yours his hers its ours yours theirs (1)形容词性物主代词只能作句子中名词的修饰语,后面要跟名词。如： Is that your umbrella?(那是你的伞吗？) I often go to see my aunt on Sundays.(我经常在星期天去看望阿姨) They are their books.(是他们的书) (2)名词性物主代词相当于名词,既代替事物又表明所属关系,在句子中往往独立地作主语、宾语或者表语,后面千万不可以跟名词。如： This is your cup,but where is my cup(mine)?(这是你的杯子,可我的在哪儿？) Your classroom is very big, but ours(our classroom) is rather small.(你们的教室很大,我们的相当小) (3)“of + 名词性物主代词”称为双重所有格,作定语时放在名词的后面。如： A friend of mine came to see me yesterday.(我的一个朋友昨天来看我了) (指若干朋友中有一个来看我。) [试比较] My friend came to see me yesterday.(我的朋友昨天来看我了)(指我的那个特定的朋友来看我。) 【巩固提升1】 1.This isn’t my bag. It’s ________. A．her B．hers C．she’s 2.—What do you think of your community? —I think ________ community is better than ________. A．our, theirs B．our, their C．ours, theirs 3.—Whose coat is this? —It’s not ________. Maybe it’s ________ coat. A．my; her B．mine; hers C．mine; her 4.—There is a ping-pong bat on the chair. Is it ________? —No, it isn’t ________. I think it is Ella’s. A．yours; mine B．you; me C．my; your 5.Could you help ________ look after ________ cats? We are so busy these days. A．we, our B．us , our C．our, us 【巩固提升2】 1.This is my book, and ________ (you) is over there. 2.You need to talk with your classmates because your idea is different from ________ (they). 3.Grandma takes good care of ________ (we) family and cooks nice food for us. 4.May I borrow your umbrella?________ (I) is left at the gym. 5.I’m sorry that I took your knife instead of ________ (I) by mistake. 【巩固提升3】 1.这是我第一次徒步旅行的经历。 It was ________ ________ ________ ________. 2.这是谁的网球？它是我表妹的。 ________ tennis ball is this? It’s my ________ 3.Kangkang, your kite flies very ________. The yellow kite is ________. 康康，你的风筝飞得很高。这个黄色的风筝是你的。 4.康康尽力遵守规则，因为他知道规则对他有好处。 Kangkang tries ________ best to ________ the rules because he knows the rules are good ________ him. 5.直走就到了，就在你的右边。 Go straight and it’s ________ ________ ________. 知识点三 反身代词 反身代词：表示我自己，你自己，他自己，我们自己，你们自己，他们自己等的词叫做反身代词。 第一人 称单数 第二人 称单数 第三人称单数 第一人称复数 第二人称复数 第三人称复数 男 性 女性 中性 myself yourself himself herself itself ourselves yourselves themselves 反身代词第一，二人称构成是由形容词性物主代词加 "-self " （复数加 -selves )构成。 第三人称反身代词是由人称代词宾格形式-self（复数加 -selves )构成。 (1)反身代词在句子中作宾语表示反射(指一个动作回到该动作执行者本身)。如： Don’t play with the knife, you might hurt yourself.(不要玩刀子,那会割伤你的) (2)在句子中作同位语表示强调(即用来强调名词或代词的语气)。如： The story itself is good. Only he didn’t tell it well.(故事本身是好的,只是他没有讲好) 【易错警示】 扩充 help oneself用法 用作招呼客人吃东西时的客套话，其意为“请随便吃”“请吃”。 Help yourself to the fruit. 吃点水果吧。 Make yourself at home, and help yourself to anything you like. 请不要拘束，喜欢吃什么就吃什么。 enjoy oneself=have a good time=have fun用法 自我欣赏,自娱;玩得痛快,过得愉快。 Did you enjoy yourself of the party?你在宴会上愉快吗? "enjoy oneself doing sth"=have fun doing sth.表示做某件事情非常的开心，陶醉于做某事，侧重于表现在“做什么”。 The girl enjoy herself playing in the garden. 【巩固提升1】 1.Help ________ to some fruit, kids! A．yourself B．yourselves C．themselves 2.They enjoyed ________ during the school trip. A．them B．themselves C．they 3.—Who taught ________ English last term? —Nobody. She taught ________. A．her; herself B．herself; her C．she; herself 4.Safety is very important to all of ________.We students should learn how to protect ________ in the daily life. A．our;ours B．our;ourselves C．us;ourselves 5.He is not good at maths, but he often says to ________, “Never give up!” A．herself B．himself C．themselves 【巩固提升2】 1.We enjoyed ________ (we) during the school trip last week. 2.The boy learned to tie his shoes by ________  (him). 3.Welcome to my home! Help ________ (you) to some fruit. 4.Help ________ (you) to some fruit, boys and girls. 5.New Year’s Day is coming, so I decide to teach ________ (I) a foreign language. 【巩固提升3】 1.我确定他会成功的，他不应该担心自己。 I am sure he will be successful. He shouldn’t _________ _________ _________ _________. 2.他看着镜子，对自己说：“你能做到的。” He looked in the mirror and ________ to ________, “You can do it.” 3.小芳自学法语，吉姆自学中文。 Xiao Fang teaches ________ French, and Jim teaches ________ Chinese. 4.企鹅聚集在一起，保护自己抵御寒冷多风的天气。 Penguins stay together to ________ ________ against the cold and windy weather. 5.Drivers should always tell __________ never to __________ the traffic __________ . 司机们应该始终告诫自己永远不要违反交通规则。 一、单项选择 1.—Mum, where is ________ rope? And Emma’s? We’ll go out and jump rope. —Yours is right here. ________ is in her room. A．your; She B．my; She C．my; Hers D．your; Hers 2.That badminton racket is not ________. It is ________. A．my; her B．mine; hers C．mine; her D．my; hers 3.—Are these ________ beef and carrot dumplings? —Yes, they are ________. They are made by my mother. A．your; my B．yours; mine C．your; mine D．yours; my 4.Here are different kinds of delicious foods. Help ________, children. A．you B．your C．yours D．yourselves 5.—Did you make this cake by ________? —Yes, I learned it all by ________. A．you; myself B．yourself; me C．yourself; myself D．you; me 6.—________ a month do you play baseball? —About three times a month and I often play with ________ teammates. A．How many times; my B．How often; my C．How many times; mine D．How often; mine 7.—Excuse me. Is this ________ new house? —Yes. It’s ________. Their parents bought it last week. A．Lily and Lucy’s; theirs B．Lily’s and Lucy’s; them C．Lily and Lucy’s; them D．Lily’s and Lucy’s; their 8.________ schoolbag is white. ________ likes it very much. A．She; Her B．Her; She C．Hers; She D．Her; Hers 9.Don’t tell others about it. It’s only between ________ . A．you and I B．you and me C．I and our D．me and your 10.It is so cloudy. I think it ________ rain. You’d better take an umbrella with ________. A．is going to; your B．will; yours C．is going to; you D．will; your 二、语法填空 A （24-25七年级下·福建三明·期末）阅读下面短文，根据语境在每个空格内填入一个恰当的词，或填入括号中所给单词的适当形式 (不超过两个词) ，要求所填的词意义准确、形式正确，使短文意思完整、行文连贯。 The Dragon Boat Festival is a traditional festival in China. To celebrate it, there are plenty of 1 (activity). And the dragon boat race is one of them. The dragon boat race is 2 team activity. There 3 (be) usually 12 people in a boat. People in the boat must work together to keep the boat moving as fast as possible. Last summer, I 4 (take) part in a dragon boat race with my classmates. 5 the beginning, we met some problems. We didn’t know how to row fast. Sometimes, we had a fight. So, our teacher Mr. Li, 6 (hold) a meeting for us. He said we must work as a team. We all felt sorry for each other 7 made peace after the meeting. After that, we all decided to practice four hours a day. Mr. Li also gave 8 (we) some useful advice. On the day of the game, all of us tried our best 9 (row) the boat fast. And all of my classmates and teachers cheered us on 10 (loud) by the river. At last, we won the first place. We all felt excited and learned the importance of teamwork. B （24-25七年级下·福建福州·期末）阅读下面短文，根据语境、音标或所给单词的提示，在空白处填入一个恰当的词或者括号内所给单词的适当形式(不超过两个词)，要求所填的词意义准确、形式正确，使短文意思完整、行文连贯。 Today we went on a school trip to a green farm. It was great fun! When I got up early in the morning, it rained 1 (heavy). Soon the rain stopped and the sun came out. After arriving, we visited the farm. There were large tents with tomatoes, carrots and many other fruits and vegetables. The farmers 2 (tell) us about how these fruits and vegetables go 3 the fields (田地) to our tables. I was very interested because I usually only see them in the supermarket. Then we got 4 /streɪt/ to work! First, we picked some 5 (strawberry) carefully. The work wasn’t so difficult, 6 we needed to spend some time doing it well. Slowly, many baskets were full. In the afternoon, the farmers showed us 7 to cut branches (枝) and leaves from tomato plants. This helps them to grow more fruit. Finally, we watered the plants. Plants need so much work! We felt a little tired, but enjoyed 8 (we) during working. One thing I learned today: Farming isn’t easy! It made me think of the saying, “Every grain (粮食) comes from hard work.” The farmers asked us 9 (take) some vegetables home. My mum cooked some for dinner, and they were fresh and nice! They 10 /teɪst/ better when you work for them. It was really an unforgettable experience! 三、选词填空 A （24-25七年级下·河南开封·期末）阅读短文，从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使短文通顺、意思完整。每空限填一词，每词限用一次。 way   but   choice   offer   cheap   easy   website  better   company  experiences Going for a trip is a good chance to have fun. Do you want some more interesting 1 when you first arrive in a city? Here are some good 2 to travel, both for you and for the environment. Way 1 Get out of the car and walk. It’s slow, 3 it’s a green way to travel. It’s also a 4 way to see a city. But remember to wear comfortable shoes. Way 2 Riding a bike is also a good one among all the 5 . Many hotels now 6 free bikes to guests (客人). It is an easy way for people to travel around the city. Some cities also have shared bikes, and you can find one 7 . It’s not free but very 8 . Way 3 If possible, take buses, trains or ships to travel from city to city. Most cities now offer lots of information and very clear maps at the city’s 9 Way 4 When the only way to travel is by car, use electric (电动) cars. Many car rental (租赁) 10 now offer them! Let’s work together to protect our environment. B （24-25七年级下·河南开封·期末）阅读短文，从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使短文通顺、意思完整。每空限填一词，每词限用一次。 promise   because   paint   die   he   quickly   set   true   happy   with There was a boy named Ma Liang. He liked painting. One night, he had a dream. An old man gave him a paintbrush and said, “It is a magic paintbrush. It can make your 1 come to life. Please use it to help the poor people.” From then on, Ma Liang started to help the poor people 2 the magic paintbrush. One day, some men put Ma Liang into prison (监狱), 3 a bad man wanted the magic paintbrush. After getting the paintbrush, he painted a gold mountain for 4 , but nothing happened. He didn’t know the 5 about the paintbrush—it only worked for kind people. The bad man said, “If you paint a gold mountain for me, I will 6 you free.” Ma Liang thought for a moment and 7 to paint for him. Ma Liang painted a gold mountain on the sea and it became real. The bad man was very 8 and shouted, “Paint me a big boat!” Ma Liang painted a boat. The bad man and his friends 9 got on the boat. When the boat went into the sea, Ma Liang painted a big wind and a large wave (波浪). The boat turned over, and the bad man and his friends 10 . Ma Liang could help the poor people again. 四、任务型阅读 A （24-25七年级下·重庆铜梁·期末）阅读下文并回答问题，并将答案填写在答题卡对应的横线上。 The sun shines brightly and the air is fresh. A mother cat is going fishing. When the little cat sees this, he also wants to go with her. The mother cat agrees, so they carry their fishing rods and set off. When they come to the side of the small river, the fish are swimming around in the water. As soon as they sit down, a dragonfly (蜻蜓) flies over and dances in the air. The little cat thinks the dragonfly is really cute, so he puts down his fishing rod and goes to catch it. However, the dragonfly flies away, and the little cat comes back with nothing. When he looks, the mother cat already catches a big fish. The little cat sits down to fish again. A colorful butterfly (蝴蝶) flies over, and it is very beautiful. The little cat puts down the fishing rod again and goes to catch the butterfly. The butterfly flies away, and the little cat still doesn’t catch it. When he comes back, The mother cat catches another big fish again. The little cat asks angrily, “Why can’t I catch even a small fish?” The mother cat says, “Just like anything else, you need to focus on fishing if you want to succeed. Think about what you did just now. Of course, you can’t catch any fish that way.” After hearing these words, ___________________. 1．Is it sunny today? 2．What does the mother cat want to do? 3．What does the little cat do when they are fishing? 4．What happens next? Please finish the story. (about 20 words) B （24-25七年级下·重庆永川·期末）阅读下文并回答问题。 Zhou Dong is a kind man in his hometown village. He was a worker in a big city. But, last year, he left his job and went back home to help villagers grow and sell oranges. Many villagers in his hometown grew oranges. The oranges tasted good but didn’t sell well. Zhou wanted to help them. Last year, he went back with three of his friends and started an online shop. Zhou’s team worked hard to tell people about the delicious oranges, and shoppers could get the oranges in just one or two days through online shopping. People could buy them online and get them in one or two days. Soon, they sold out all the oranges. But there was another problem for most orange gardens. Many orange farms lost too much water and good soil. Water and soil (土壤) are important to the taste of the oranges. To solve this problem, Zhou’s team helped change the water ways and improve the soil.    Zhou and his friends decided to stay and help bring more changes to their hometown. 1．Is Zhou Dong a kind man in his hometown village? 2．What did many villagers grow in his hometown? 3．What did Zhou Dong do to help the villagers? 4．If you are Zhou Dong’s friend, what other things can you do to help the villagers? (at least 2 things) 19 / 21 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $