第02讲 Unit 1 语法（情态动词need和否定前缀）及单元写作-【暑假自学课】2025年新八年级英语暑假提升精品讲义（仁爱科普版2024）

第02讲 Unit1语法（情态动词need和否定前缀）及单元写作 内容导航 重点速记：知识点和关键点梳理，查漏补缺 难点强化：难点内容标注与讲解，能力提升 考点一 情态动词need/needn’t的用法 (1)need作情态动词和实义动词的形式区别：   疑问句：Need+主语+do? =Do/Does/Did+主语+need to do?   否定句：needn't  do—don' t/doesn't/didn't  need  to  do (2)need在疑问句中作“必须；必要”解。 Do you need to get up so early?你必须起这么早吗？ (3)在否定句中作“不需要”解，常用缩写形式needn't。  I don't need to tell you how sorry I am!不用说我是多么难过！ (4)用在反意疑问句中。   [情]She needn't finish the work today, need she? 她今天不必完成该工作，是吗？   [实]She doesn't need to finish the work today, does she? 她今天不必完成该工作，是吗？ (5)指过去的“不需要”，有下列两种情况： （a）“didn't need to+动词原形”表示过去不必做而实际上也没有做某事，相当于didn't have to或hadn't (got) to。 We had plenty of bread, so I didn't need to buy a loaf. 我们有许多面包，因此我不需要再买一条了。（我还没买） （b）“needn't have+过去分词”表示过去不必做但实际上做了某事。 We had plenty of bread, so I needn't have bought a loaf. 我们有许多面包，因此我本没有必要再买一条，（我已经买了） (6)need用法注意 （a）need作情态动词时，只用于否定句和疑问句中，在肯定句中常被must，have to，ought to或should所取代。    -Need you work so hard?你必须这样努力地工作吗？ -Yes, I must．是的，我必须这样。    You needn't see him, but I must.  你不需要见他，但是我必须见他。 （b）如果肯定句中有否定副词（hardly，scarcely，never等），或是含有否定、疑问的意味，仍可用need。 I hardly need say how much I enjoyed the holiday. 我简直不需要说我假期玩得多开心。 （c）needn't（没有必要）指说话者主观色彩浓；don't/won't have to(没有必要)是指客观或习惯性的没有必要。  You needn't go to the office. Just take a good rest at home （主观的，说话者的意思）你今天不用上班，就在家好好休息吧。  We don't have to go to school on Sundays.（客观的）我们星期天不用去上学。 （d）need除了作情态动词、实义动词之外，还可以作名词。 There is no need for anxiety.不必焦虑。 注意：情态动词need多用于否定句和疑问句中，接“not+完成式”表示“本不必做而实际上做了”，肯定句中用should，must，have to表代替；后接动名词、不定式时为实义动词，而非情态动词。 （e）need to do与need doing need后跟不定式时，不定式的逻辑主语就是句子的主语；后跟动名词时，须用动名词的主动形式( doing)表示被动意义，即need前的主语就是need后面的动名词所表示的动作的承受者，即need doing同need to be done。 We need to buy these books.我们需要买这些书。 The flowers need watering/to be watered..这些花需要浇水了。 注意：want，require意为“需要”时，与need的用法相同。 The gate needs/wants/requires mending. =The gate needs/wants/requires to be mended.大门需要修理了。 巧记：need的用法 实义动词表“需要”，后接名、代和不定（式）。 need后面接动名（词），主动形式表被动。 情态动词表“需要”，没有时态、数、人称。 其后直接跟动词，多用于疑问和否定。 名词need表“需要”，平时也可常用到。 1．—Must I clean the classroom now? —No, you ________. You can do it after school. A．mustn’t B．needn’t C．can’t D．shouldn’t 2．—Doctor Wang, must I take the medicine? —No, you ______. You’ll get well soon. A．can’t B．mustn’t C．needn’t D．won’t 3．—Must I clean my room now. Mom? —No. you ________. You can do it after dinner. A．shouldn’t B．needn’t C．can’t 4．—Shall we have a meeting to discuss our plan this week? —The plan _________ be discussed any more. A final decision has been made. A．needn’t B．can’t C．mustn’t 5．—How is the weather today? —It’s hot. You ________ wear the coat. A．needn’t B．shouldn’t C．must D．can’t 6．Father’s Day is coming. Maybe we ________ buy Dad presents. We can do some housework, instead. A．can’t B．mustn’t C．needn’t D．shouldn’t · 思路点拨： 1．句意：——我现在必须打扫教室吗？——不，不必。你放学后可以做它。考查动词辨析。mustn’t禁止；needn't不必；can’t不能；shouldn’t不应该。“Must I...?”开头的一般疑问句，其的否定回答用“needn’t”，表示“不必”。故选B。 2．句意：——王医生，我必须吃药吗？——不必，你很快就会好起来的。考查情态动词。can’t不能；mustn’t禁止；needn’t不必；won’t将不。根据“must I...”可知其否定回答用needn’t，表示“不必”。故选C。 3．句意：——我现在必须打扫房间吗，妈妈？——不，你不必。你可以晚饭后再做。考查情态动词的用法。shouldn’t 不应该；needn’t 不必；can’t 不能。根据“You can do it after dinner（你可以晚饭后再做）”可知，此处表示“不必现在打扫”，must开头的一般疑问句，否定回答用needn’t。故选B。 4．句意：——我们这个星期开个会讨论一下计划好吗？——这个计划不必再讨论了。已经做出最终决定了。考查情态动词辨析。needn’t不必；can’t不能；mustn’t禁止。根据“A final decision has been made.”可知，最终决定已经做出，所以不必再讨论了。故选A。 5．句意：——今天天气怎么样？——很热。你不必穿外套。考查情态动词用法。needn’t不必；shouldn’t不应该；must必须；can’t不能。根据“It’s hot”可知，天气炎热，穿外套是多余的，不需要穿外套，用needn’t。故选A。 6．句意：父亲节快到了。也许我们不需要给爸爸买礼物。我们可以做些家务代替。考查情态动词辨析。can’t不可能；mustn’t不准；needn’t不必要；shouldn’t不应该。根据“Maybe we ... buy Dad presents. We can do some housework, instead.”可知，我们不必要给爸爸买礼物，但是可以做些家务。故选C。 · 答案 1-5 BCBAAC 考点二 否定前缀的用法 派生法 　　在一个单词前面加前缀或后面加后缀构成新词，这种构词法叫作派生法。 1.前缀 前缀一般不造成词性的转换，但能引起词义的变化。前缀中有相当一部分可构成反义词。常用的前缀有： 前缀 意义 例词 un-， dis-， im-， in-， non- “不，非”，表示否定 unpleasant， unfriendly； dishonest， disappear； impossible， impolite； incorrect， indirect； non-smoking mis- 表示“坏/错的（地）” misunderstand， mislead inter- 表示“互相”“在……之间” interview， international， Internet re- 表示“重复” rewrite， review， retell pre- 表示“在……之前” preschool， preview（预 览；事先查看） mini- 表示“小” minibus， miniskirt super- 表示“超” superhero， supermarket 　　个别前缀也可以引起词性的变化，如： （1）en-和名词或形容词构成动词：enlarge（扩大）， enable（使能够）， encourage（鼓励）； （2）a-和动词构成形容词：asleep（睡着的）， awake（醒着的）。 1．Which of the follow prefixes (前缀) doesn’t mean “without”? A．un- B．im- C．in- D．re- 2．Which of the following prefixes(前缀) can turn “agree” into its antonym(反义词)? A．un- B．im- C．in- D．dis- 3．Which of the following prefixes(前缀) means “doing again”? A．en- B．dis- C．un- D．re- 4．The following words all have the negative prefixes (否定前缀) EXCEPT ________. A．indoor B．unhappy C．inexpensive D．impossible 5．Which of the following words is formed like “dishonest”? A．important B．international C．uncomfortable D．interviewer 6．Which word can NOT be added the prefix “in-” to give it the opposite meaning? A．complete B．direct C．correct D．proper · 思路点拨： 1.句意：以下哪个前缀的含义不是“没有”？考查构词法。un-，im-和in-都是否定前缀，表示“没有”，re-表示的是“再，重新”。故选D。 2.句意： 下面哪个前缀可以把“agree”变成它的反义词？考查派生。四个选项都是否定前缀，agree“同意”的反义词为disagree，故选D。 3．句意：下列哪个前缀表示“再做一次”？考查前缀。en-表示“放进”；dis-表示“表示不同意，反对或者分开，分离”；un-表示“不，无，未，非”；re-表示“再，重新”。故选D。 4．句意：除“indoor”外，以下单词都有否定前缀。考查单词的构成。indoor室内的，形容词，没有否定前缀；unhappy不快乐的，在happy的基础上加否定前缀un；inexpensive廉价的，在expensive的基础上加否定前缀in；impossible不可能的，在possible的基础上加否定前缀im。因此没有否定前缀的单词是indoor。故选A。 5．句意：以下哪个词的构词类似于“dishonest”？考查构词法。important重要的；international国际的；uncomfortable不舒服的；interviewer采访者。dishonest中dis-是否定前缀，加在“honest诚实的”前面，dishonest意为“不诚实的”；结合选项，un-是个否定前缀，加在“comfortable舒服的”前面，uncomfortable不舒服的。dis-和un-都是否定前缀。故选C。 6．句意：哪个词不能加前缀“in-”来赋予它相反的意思？考查构词法。complete完整的；direct直接的；correct正确的；proper恰当的；根据构词法，词语如果是b；m；p开头，一般用im前缀；故选D。 · 答案 1-5 DDDACD 单元写作 健康与安全 话题命题角度 　　此话题通常从饮食、运动、心态及安全意识方面综合考查。常见有以下命题角度：1.健康的重要性及如何保持健康；2.关注自身健康，浅谈健康的生活方式； 话题佳句记背 健康安全重要性 1.Nowadays， more and more people realize the importance of having a healthy lifestyle. 现在，越来越多的人意识到健康的生活方式的重要性。 2.As is known to all/As we all know， health is of great importance to us. 众所周知，健康对我们很重要。 3.Health is wealth. Here is some advice on how to keep healthy. 健康就是财富。这里有一些关于如何保持健康的建议。 4.Smoking is dangerous because it leads to many diseases like lung disease and heart disease. 抽烟是危险的，因为它会导致许多疾病，如肺病和心脏病。 5.Accidents often happen around us， so we must pay attention to safety. 我们周围经常发生事故，所以我们必须注意安全。 原因建议 1.Washing hands can be a good way to protect us from the disease. 洗手是让我们远离疾病的一个好方法。 2.We’d better eat more fruit and vegetables instead of junk food. 我们最好多吃水果和蔬菜，而不是垃圾食品。 3.We should do more exercise to build up our bodies. 我们应该多做运动来强身健体。 4.Lots of dangers happen because of carelessness. 许多危险是粗心大意导致的。 5.If we are in danger on the way， we should ask the police for help in time. 如果我们在路上遇到危险，我们应该及时向警察求助。 6.You can ask for help if you get into trouble. 如果你遇到麻烦，你可以寻求帮助。 7.It’s better to make sure of at least eight hours’ sleep every day. 最好保证每天至少睡8小时。 8.It’s not right to keep your eyes working for such a long time. 让你的眼睛工作这么长时间是不对的。 9.In a word， health is more valuable than anything else. We should do everything we can to keep healthy. 总之，健康比任何东西都更重要。我们应该尽我们所能保持健康。 10.In my opinion， we all need to learn how to protect ourselves and stay away from dangers. 在我看来，我们都需要学会如何保护自己，远离危险。 开头中间结尾模板 开头段 1.As they say， all work and no play makes Jack a dull boy. I often play sports in my spare time. 有人说，只工作不玩耍，聪明小孩也变傻。在空余时间，我经常做运动。 2.It is true that health is the first step to success. If you’re in good health， you can overcome the difficulties and make your dreams come true. Since health is so important， how can we keep healthy？ 健康是成功的第一步，这是事实。如果你身体健康，你就能克服困难，实现梦想。既然健康如此重要，我们怎样才能保持健康呢？ 3.As we all know，safety is of great importance to us. We should learn to protect ourselves. Here are some suggestions about how to keep safe. 众所周知，安全对我们非常重要。我们应该学会保护自己。这里是一些关于如何保证安全的建议。 中间段 1.I like it when everyone on a team is working toward a common goal. Playing basketball also teaches me important life lessons， such as never giving up. 我喜欢团队中的每个人都朝着一个共同的目标努力。打篮球也教会了我重要的人生经验，如永不言弃。 2.Playing badminton was really difficult for me at first. But it made me realize that I need to be patient and confident when I decide to learn a new thing. 刚开始的时候，打羽毛球对我来说真的很难。但是它让我意识到当我决定学习一样新的东西时，我需要耐心和自信。 结尾段 1.After all， life is important to everyone. We should take safety seriously and learn something about self－protection. 毕竟，生命对每个人都很重要。我们应该认真对待安全，学习一些自我保护的知识。 2.In short， if we pay close attention to our health， we can avoid getting sick. I hope everyone can live a healthy life. 总之，如果我们密切关注自己的健康，我们就可以避免生病。我希望每个人都能过健康的生活。 话题俗语谚语 1.The first wealth is health. 健康是人生的第一财富。 2.Old habits die hard. 旧习难改。 3.Safety comes first. 安全第一。 4.An apple a day keeps the doctor away. 一日一苹果，医生远离我。 5.He who has health has hope. 有健康的人才有希望。 6.Good medicine is bitter in the mouth but beneficial to the disease. 良药苦口利于病。 7.Early to bed and early to rise makes a man healthy， wealthy and wise. 早睡早起让人健康、富有和明智。 典例赏析： 　　随着生活水平的提高，健康越来越受到重视。假设你们学校准备组织一个以“健康”为主题的演讲活动，请你根据以下要点和要求，准备一篇题为“How to live a healthy and happy life”的英语演讲稿。 1.要点：1）如何保持身体健康； 2）如何保持心理健康； 3）提出健康生活的希望。 2.要求：1）文中不要出现所在学校的校名和师生姓名； 2）词数100左右（开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数）。 How to live a healthy and happy life Hi， my dear classmates， ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ That’s all. Thank you. ＞写作指导 1.内容：如何保持身体健康和心理健康； 2.人称：第一人称； 3.时态：一般现在时。 ＞写作框架 ＞典例赏析 How to live a healthy and happy life Hi， my dear classmates， With the improvement of living conditions， we are paying more and more attention to 　(亮点点评：pay attention to短语)　our health， which includes both physical and mental health. Then how can we students live a healthy and happy life？ Firstly，　(亮点点评：使用衔接词firstly， what’s more， secondly， in a word， 让行文更流畅、更具有条理性)　 we should keep our bodies healthy by eating healthy food and exercising in a proper way.　(亮点点评：by引导的方式状语)　 What’s more， it is necessary for us to 　(亮点点评：it is＋adj.＋ for sb. to do sth. 句型)　have enough sleep every day. Secondly， mental health is also of great importance.　(亮点点评：使用be of＋抽象名词，增强词汇高级感)　 When we’re sad， we can communicate with our parents， teachers and friends. In a word， only when we are healthy can we enjoy life.　(only引导的倒装句)　 I hope everyone can be healthy and live a healthy and happy life. That’s all. Thank you！ 一、单词拼写 1． Daddy was busy, he still took me to visit the exhibition at Chengdu Museum. 2．Proper training is an important (条件) if you want to master the new skills. 3．I feel so (sleep) that I can hardly open my eyes. 4．Jane is (jog) along the river in the park with her dog at the moment. 5．We all need a (balance) diet. 6．On Sundays he lies all day on the bed, playing with his smartphone. (most) 7．Our school (focus) on cooking delicious meals for us every day. 8．He (prefer) singing to dancing when he was at an early age. 9．Eating too much fast food is for your body. (healthy) 10．It (看来) that he didn’t like beef before. 二、单项选择 11．My throat feels really ________ after singing for hours. A．sore B．happy C．better D．relaxed 12．—Your face looks a bit red. —Yeah, my head feels very hot. Maybe I have a ________. A．stomachache B．toothache C．sore throat D．fever 13．Nancy took her temperature and found she had a ________. A．cough B．headache C．stomachache D．fever 14．—What’s the matter? —My friend hurt her ______. She can hardly speak. A．foot B．neck C．knee D．throat 15．You ________ very professional when you do some jobs, but you must be serious when you do any job. A．needn’t to be B．needn’t be C．don’t need be D．shouldn’t be 16．Simon ________ buy the tickets for the concert because his sister has bought them. A．needn’t B．doesn’t need C．needn’t to D．doesn’t have 17．My mother seldom ________ exercise, but she ________ exercise yesterday. A．takes; took B．take; took C．takes; take 18．There are ________ people in the supermarket. It’s very crowded. A．too much B．much too C．too many D．many too 19．A great many people in Changchun enjoy ________ flowers along the Yitong River in spring. A．admire B．to admire C．admired D．admiring 20．Li Lei is good ________ music. He can be good ________ old people, too. A．at; for B．with; at C．for; at D．at; with 三、完形填空 In the doctor’s waiting room, 21 men and women were sitting on the chairs. Bob, a school boy, was among them. They all looked very 22 except Bob. He was deep in an 23 story in a magazine. Just then the doctor came in to say he was ready for the next person. Bob 24 up and ran into the doctor’s room. “What’s the matter 25 you?” asked the doctor. Before Bob could say a word, the doctor made him 26 down on a bed. “Now, let me listen to your heart.” Bob tried to speak, 27 the doctor told him not to say anything. “I’ll take your temperature.” Bob tried to 28 , but the doctor stopped him. After a moment, the doctor said, “Boy, you don’t have a fever. In fact, there is 29 wrong with you.” “I know there is nothing,” said Bob, “I just come here to get some 30 for my father.” 21．A．ill B．illness C．sick D．sickness 22．A．happy B．glad C．sad D．pleased 23．A．exciting B．interested C．excited D．interest 24．A．lay B．ran C．jumped D．sat 25．A．with B．for C．to D．at 26．A．sit B．stand C．look D．lie 27．A．so B．but C．as D．and 28．A．cry out B．fall asleep C．sit up D．stand up 29．A．something B．nothing C．anything D．everything 30．A．medicine B．information C．news D．presents 4、 阅读理解 A I have a bad cold. I have a sore throat and a headache. What should I do? Are there any ways to make my throat feel better? —Rachel, 1 month ago My favorite sore throat “medicine” is hot water with lemon (柠檬) juice and honey. It works very well. —Wishful Spirit, 2 days ago Wash your hands a lot. Rest as much as possible. Also try massaging (按摩) your head to help make your headache go away. —Julie, 1 week ago. Take medicine as early as possible. Keep warm and get a lot of rest. —Michelle, 2 weeks ago 31．When did Michelle give her advice? A．2 days ago. B．1 week ago. C．2 weeks ago. D．1 month ago. 32．How many people advised Rachel to drink water? A．One. B．Two. C．Three. D．Four. 33．This passage may be from ________⁠. A．a sports newspaper B．a doctor’s letter C．the Internet D．an art magazine B What you Need to Know about First Aid(急救) →Look for an adult(成年人) for help; →If you need medical help, call 120; →If you call, you should tell: ◇where you are ◇who is hurt ◇what has happened Remember... Call 120 for medical help. →Lean(屈身) forward; →Pinch(捏) the soft part of the nose for ten minutes; →If the bleeding doesn’t stop, tell an adult and call 120. Remember... Lean forward and pinch it. 34．If you have to call 120, you don’t need to tell ________. A．where you are B．where you live C．what has happened D．who is hurt 35．If Bob’s nose is bleeding, what should he do? A． B． C． D． 36．The passage is mainly for ________. A．adults B．parents C．doctors D．kids C Running is becoming popular these days. Many of us run for health. Doctors say many health problems come from these bad habits: eating and drinking too much, smoking and not taking enough exercise. Doctors tell us, “Eat and drink less. Don’t smoke, and exercise more.” Running is a good form of exercise because it helps build a strong heart. It also helps most people lose weight. One 68-­year­-old woman runs three times a week. “I love to eat, ” she says. She runs to lose weight. Running is good for health in other ways, too. Many runners say running keeps colds and other small health problems away. “Running is my doctor,” says one man. Running can also help people to relax. So today men and women of all ages enjoy running. 37．Many people enjoy running because they want to ________. A．eat much B．keep healthy C．run fast D．waste time 38．The underlined word “weight” means “________” in Chinese. A．疾病 B．体重 C．速度 D．健康 39．The third paragraph shows________. A．running helps people to relax B．people who like running have many health problems C．running helps build a strong heart D．people who like running have fewer small health problems 40．The writer mainly tells us ________. A．how to run B．how to lose weight C．running is a good way to keep healthy D．running is better than doctors 五、短文填空 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容 (1个单词) 或括号内单词的正确形式。 If you don’t keep yourself warm enough, winter can be a time to have an illness. During the winter months, people 41 (easy) get colds and flu. Many people think they are the same, 42 they are different. Colds can stay with you for up to a week. You will have a running nose, a sore throat, a headache, a cough and a fever. Flu is 43 (serious) than colds. You will feel sick very quickly. You will have a fever and a headache. Your body 44 (hurt) and become weak. This could last for up to four 45 (week). Is there any way to keep 46 (you) away from colds or flu? Staying away from people 47 colds or flu may work. Try not 48 (touch) your nose or eyes if you have been close to someone who has a cold. Wash your hands, especially after 49 (clean) your nose. Going out with wet hair can also give you a cold! If you catch a cold or flu, go to bed and rest. Doing this will help you get well. Drink lots of water. Stay in 50 warm, well-aired room. If you have a headache, or your muscles (肌肉) hurt, don’t forget to take some medicine. 六、选词填空 请从方框内选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使文章完整连贯。注意每空一词，每词仅用一次，有两词为多余项。 surprise   fever   matter   stop   wait   nurse   an   down   rest   throat   drink   than One morning, Tom didn’t feel well. He had a bad headache and a sore 51 . Tom went to the clinic (诊所). There were a lot of people in the waiting room and Tom had to 52 a long time. At last, it’s his turn, and the 53 showed Tom into the doctor’s room. The doctor asked, “what’s the 54 with you?” “I’m sick, and I can’t 55 sneezing (打喷嚏),” Tom said. “You’ve just got a cold,” the doctor checked and said. “Medicine isn’t necessary. Just go home, 56 a lot of water, and take rests for a few days.” Tom was unhappy. “There must be something you can give me, doctor,” he said. “I don’t want to be like this for several days.” The doctor thought for a moment. Then he said, “OK. Go home and get into a hot bath. Stay in it for half 57 hour until the water is cold. Then put on your swimming suit and run around the streets until you are really cold. Then lie 58 on the grass.” Tom was 59 . “But doctor,”he said, “if I do like that, I’ll get pneumonia (肺炎). That’s much more serious 60 a cold.” “I know,” the doctor said, “but there’s medicine for pneumonia.” 七、书面表达 61．假定你是李明，你得知在英国的朋友Bob得甲流生病了，请你写一封电子邮件叮嘱他生病后的一些注意事项。 内容包括： (1) 表达关心 (我很抱歉听说你生病了)； (2) 描述你出现健康问题的一次经历； (3) 对如何保持健康提出至少两点建议。 作文要求： (1) 不能照抄原文，不得在作文中出现学校真实的名称和学生的真实姓名。 (2) 语句连贯，词数80左右。作文的开头和结尾已经给出，不计入总词数。 Dear Bob, I’m sorry to hear that you have H1N1 flu. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ I hope you will get better soon. Best wishes!   Yours,   Li Ming 19 / 21 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 第02讲 Unit1语法（情态动词need和否定前缀）及单元写作 内容导航 重点速记：知识点和关键点梳理，查漏补缺 难点强化：难点内容标注与讲解，能力提升 考点一 情态动词need/needn’t的用法 (1)need作情态动词和实义动词的形式区别：   疑问句：Need+主语+do? =Do/Does/Did+主语+need to do?   否定句：needn't  do—don' t/doesn't/didn't  need  to  do (2)need在疑问句中作“必须；必要”解。 Do you need to get up so early?你必须起这么早吗？ (3)在否定句中作“不需要”解，常用缩写形式needn't。  I don't need to tell you how sorry I am!不用说我是多么难过！ (4)用在反意疑问句中。   [情]She needn't finish the work today, need she? 她今天不必完成该工作，是吗？   [实]She doesn't need to finish the work today, does she? 她今天不必完成该工作，是吗？ (5)指过去的“不需要”，有下列两种情况： （a）“didn't need to+动词原形”表示过去不必做而实际上也没有做某事，相当于didn't have to或hadn't (got) to。 We had plenty of bread, so I didn't need to buy a loaf. 我们有许多面包，因此我不需要再买一条了。（我还没买） （b）“needn't have+过去分词”表示过去不必做但实际上做了某事。 We had plenty of bread, so I needn't have bought a loaf. 我们有许多面包，因此我本没有必要再买一条，（我已经买了） (6)need用法注意 （a）need作情态动词时，只用于否定句和疑问句中，在肯定句中常被must，have to，ought to或should所取代。    -Need you work so hard?你必须这样努力地工作吗？ -Yes, I must．是的，我必须这样。    You needn't see him, but I must.  你不需要见他，但是我必须见他。 （b）如果肯定句中有否定副词（hardly，scarcely，never等），或是含有否定、疑问的意味，仍可用need。 I hardly need say how much I enjoyed the holiday. 我简直不需要说我假期玩得多开心。 （c）needn't（没有必要）指说话者主观色彩浓；don't/won't have to(没有必要)是指客观或习惯性的没有必要。  You needn't go to the office. Just take a good rest at home （主观的，说话者的意思）你今天不用上班，就在家好好休息吧。  We don't have to go to school on Sundays.（客观的）我们星期天不用去上学。 （d）need除了作情态动词、实义动词之外，还可以作名词。 There is no need for anxiety.不必焦虑。 注意：情态动词need多用于否定句和疑问句中，接“not+完成式”表示“本不必做而实际上做了”，肯定句中用should，must，have to表代替；后接动名词、不定式时为实义动词，而非情态动词。 （e）need to do与need doing need后跟不定式时，不定式的逻辑主语就是句子的主语；后跟动名词时，须用动名词的主动形式( doing)表示被动意义，即need前的主语就是need后面的动名词所表示的动作的承受者，即need doing同need to be done。 We need to buy these books.我们需要买这些书。 The flowers need watering/to be watered..这些花需要浇水了。 注意：want，require意为“需要”时，与need的用法相同。 The gate needs/wants/requires mending. =The gate needs/wants/requires to be mended.大门需要修理了。 巧记：need的用法 实义动词表“需要”，后接名、代和不定（式）。 need后面接动名（词），主动形式表被动。 情态动词表“需要”，没有时态、数、人称。 其后直接跟动词，多用于疑问和否定。 名词need表“需要”，平时也可常用到。 1．—Must I clean the classroom now? —No, you ________. You can do it after school. A．mustn’t B．needn’t C．can’t D．shouldn’t 2．—Doctor Wang, must I take the medicine? —No, you ______. You’ll get well soon. A．can’t B．mustn’t C．needn’t D．won’t 3．—Must I clean my room now. Mom? —No. you ________. You can do it after dinner. A．shouldn’t B．needn’t C．can’t 4．—Shall we have a meeting to discuss our plan this week? —The plan _________ be discussed any more. A final decision has been made. A．needn’t B．can’t C．mustn’t 5．—How is the weather today? —It’s hot. You ________ wear the coat. A．needn’t B．shouldn’t C．must D．can’t 6．Father’s Day is coming. Maybe we ________ buy Dad presents. We can do some housework, instead. A．can’t B．mustn’t C．needn’t D．shouldn’t · 思路点拨： 1．句意：——我现在必须打扫教室吗？——不，不必。你放学后可以做它。考查动词辨析。mustn’t禁止；needn't不必；can’t不能；shouldn’t不应该。“Must I...?”开头的一般疑问句，其的否定回答用“needn’t”，表示“不必”。故选B。 2．句意：——王医生，我必须吃药吗？——不必，你很快就会好起来的。考查情态动词。can’t不能；mustn’t禁止；needn’t不必；won’t将不。根据“must I...”可知其否定回答用needn’t，表示“不必”。故选C。 3．句意：——我现在必须打扫房间吗，妈妈？——不，你不必。你可以晚饭后再做。考查情态动词的用法。shouldn’t 不应该；needn’t 不必；can’t 不能。根据“You can do it after dinner（你可以晚饭后再做）”可知，此处表示“不必现在打扫”，must开头的一般疑问句，否定回答用needn’t。故选B。 4．句意：——我们这个星期开个会讨论一下计划好吗？——这个计划不必再讨论了。已经做出最终决定了。考查情态动词辨析。needn’t不必；can’t不能；mustn’t禁止。根据“A final decision has been made.”可知，最终决定已经做出，所以不必再讨论了。故选A。 5．句意：——今天天气怎么样？——很热。你不必穿外套。考查情态动词用法。needn’t不必；shouldn’t不应该；must必须；can’t不能。根据“It’s hot”可知，天气炎热，穿外套是多余的，不需要穿外套，用needn’t。故选A。 6．句意：父亲节快到了。也许我们不需要给爸爸买礼物。我们可以做些家务代替。考查情态动词辨析。can’t不可能；mustn’t不准；needn’t不必要；shouldn’t不应该。根据“Maybe we ... buy Dad presents. We can do some housework, instead.”可知，我们不必要给爸爸买礼物，但是可以做些家务。故选C。 · 答案 1-5 BCBAAC 考点二 否定前缀的用法 派生法 　　在一个单词前面加前缀或后面加后缀构成新词，这种构词法叫作派生法。 1.前缀 前缀一般不造成词性的转换，但能引起词义的变化。前缀中有相当一部分可构成反义词。常用的前缀有： 前缀 意义 例词 un-， dis-， im-， in-， non- “不，非”，表示否定 unpleasant， unfriendly； dishonest， disappear； impossible， impolite； incorrect， indirect； non-smoking mis- 表示“坏/错的（地）” misunderstand， mislead inter- 表示“互相”“在……之间” interview， international， Internet re- 表示“重复” rewrite， review， retell pre- 表示“在……之前” preschool， preview（预 览；事先查看） mini- 表示“小” minibus， miniskirt super- 表示“超” superhero， supermarket 　　个别前缀也可以引起词性的变化，如： （1）en-和名词或形容词构成动词：enlarge（扩大）， enable（使能够）， encourage（鼓励）； （2）a-和动词构成形容词：asleep（睡着的）， awake（醒着的）。 1．Which of the follow prefixes (前缀) doesn’t mean “without”? A．un- B．im- C．in- D．re- 2．Which of the following prefixes(前缀) can turn “agree” into its antonym(反义词)? A．un- B．im- C．in- D．dis- 3．Which of the following prefixes(前缀) means “doing again”? A．en- B．dis- C．un- D．re- 4．The following words all have the negative prefixes (否定前缀) EXCEPT ________. A．indoor B．unhappy C．inexpensive D．impossible 5．Which of the following words is formed like “dishonest”? A．important B．international C．uncomfortable D．interviewer 6．Which word can NOT be added the prefix “in-” to give it the opposite meaning? A．complete B．direct C．correct D．proper · 思路点拨： 1.句意：以下哪个前缀的含义不是“没有”？考查构词法。un-，im-和in-都是否定前缀，表示“没有”，re-表示的是“再，重新”。故选D。 2.句意： 下面哪个前缀可以把“agree”变成它的反义词？考查派生。四个选项都是否定前缀，agree“同意”的反义词为disagree，故选D。 3．句意：下列哪个前缀表示“再做一次”？考查前缀。en-表示“放进”；dis-表示“表示不同意，反对或者分开，分离”；un-表示“不，无，未，非”；re-表示“再，重新”。故选D。 4．句意：除“indoor”外，以下单词都有否定前缀。考查单词的构成。indoor室内的，形容词，没有否定前缀；unhappy不快乐的，在happy的基础上加否定前缀un；inexpensive廉价的，在expensive的基础上加否定前缀in；impossible不可能的，在possible的基础上加否定前缀im。因此没有否定前缀的单词是indoor。故选A。 5．句意：以下哪个词的构词类似于“dishonest”？考查构词法。important重要的；international国际的；uncomfortable不舒服的；interviewer采访者。dishonest中dis-是否定前缀，加在“honest诚实的”前面，dishonest意为“不诚实的”；结合选项，un-是个否定前缀，加在“comfortable舒服的”前面，uncomfortable不舒服的。dis-和un-都是否定前缀。故选C。 6．句意：哪个词不能加前缀“in-”来赋予它相反的意思？考查构词法。complete完整的；direct直接的；correct正确的；proper恰当的；根据构词法，词语如果是b；m；p开头，一般用im前缀；故选D。 · 答案 1-5 DDDACD 单元写作 健康与安全 话题命题角度 　　此话题通常从饮食、运动、心态及安全意识方面综合考查。常见有以下命题角度：1.健康的重要性及如何保持健康；2.关注自身健康，浅谈健康的生活方式； 话题佳句记背 健康安全重要性 1.Nowadays， more and more people realize the importance of having a healthy lifestyle. 现在，越来越多的人意识到健康的生活方式的重要性。 2.As is known to all/As we all know， health is of great importance to us. 众所周知，健康对我们很重要。 3.Health is wealth. Here is some advice on how to keep healthy. 健康就是财富。这里有一些关于如何保持健康的建议。 4.Smoking is dangerous because it leads to many diseases like lung disease and heart disease. 抽烟是危险的，因为它会导致许多疾病，如肺病和心脏病。 5.Accidents often happen around us， so we must pay attention to safety. 我们周围经常发生事故，所以我们必须注意安全。 原因建议 1.Washing hands can be a good way to protect us from the disease. 洗手是让我们远离疾病的一个好方法。 2.We’d better eat more fruit and vegetables instead of junk food. 我们最好多吃水果和蔬菜，而不是垃圾食品。 3.We should do more exercise to build up our bodies. 我们应该多做运动来强身健体。 4.Lots of dangers happen because of carelessness. 许多危险是粗心大意导致的。 5.If we are in danger on the way， we should ask the police for help in time. 如果我们在路上遇到危险，我们应该及时向警察求助。 6.You can ask for help if you get into trouble. 如果你遇到麻烦，你可以寻求帮助。 7.It’s better to make sure of at least eight hours’ sleep every day. 最好保证每天至少睡8小时。 8.It’s not right to keep your eyes working for such a long time. 让你的眼睛工作这么长时间是不对的。 9.In a word， health is more valuable than anything else. We should do everything we can to keep healthy. 总之，健康比任何东西都更重要。我们应该尽我们所能保持健康。 10.In my opinion， we all need to learn how to protect ourselves and stay away from dangers. 在我看来，我们都需要学会如何保护自己，远离危险。 开头中间结尾模板 开头段 1.As they say， all work and no play makes Jack a dull boy. I often play sports in my spare time. 有人说，只工作不玩耍，聪明小孩也变傻。在空余时间，我经常做运动。 2.It is true that health is the first step to success. If you’re in good health， you can overcome the difficulties and make your dreams come true. Since health is so important， how can we keep healthy？ 健康是成功的第一步，这是事实。如果你身体健康，你就能克服困难，实现梦想。既然健康如此重要，我们怎样才能保持健康呢？ 3.As we all know，safety is of great importance to us. We should learn to protect ourselves. Here are some suggestions about how to keep safe. 众所周知，安全对我们非常重要。我们应该学会保护自己。这里是一些关于如何保证安全的建议。 中间段 1.I like it when everyone on a team is working toward a common goal. Playing basketball also teaches me important life lessons， such as never giving up. 我喜欢团队中的每个人都朝着一个共同的目标努力。打篮球也教会了我重要的人生经验，如永不言弃。 2.Playing badminton was really difficult for me at first. But it made me realize that I need to be patient and confident when I decide to learn a new thing. 刚开始的时候，打羽毛球对我来说真的很难。但是它让我意识到当我决定学习一样新的东西时，我需要耐心和自信。 结尾段 1.After all， life is important to everyone. We should take safety seriously and learn something about self－protection. 毕竟，生命对每个人都很重要。我们应该认真对待安全，学习一些自我保护的知识。 2.In short， if we pay close attention to our health， we can avoid getting sick. I hope everyone can live a healthy life. 总之，如果我们密切关注自己的健康，我们就可以避免生病。我希望每个人都能过健康的生活。 话题俗语谚语 1.The first wealth is health. 健康是人生的第一财富。 2.Old habits die hard. 旧习难改。 3.Safety comes first. 安全第一。 4.An apple a day keeps the doctor away. 一日一苹果，医生远离我。 5.He who has health has hope. 有健康的人才有希望。 6.Good medicine is bitter in the mouth but beneficial to the disease. 良药苦口利于病。 7.Early to bed and early to rise makes a man healthy， wealthy and wise. 早睡早起让人健康、富有和明智。 典例赏析： 　　随着生活水平的提高，健康越来越受到重视。假设你们学校准备组织一个以“健康”为主题的演讲活动，请你根据以下要点和要求，准备一篇题为“How to live a healthy and happy life”的英语演讲稿。 1.要点：1）如何保持身体健康； 2）如何保持心理健康； 3）提出健康生活的希望。 2.要求：1）文中不要出现所在学校的校名和师生姓名； 2）词数100左右（开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数）。 How to live a healthy and happy life Hi， my dear classmates， ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ That’s all. Thank you. ＞写作指导 1.内容：如何保持身体健康和心理健康； 2.人称：第一人称； 3.时态：一般现在时。 ＞写作框架 ＞典例赏析 How to live a healthy and happy life Hi， my dear classmates， With the improvement of living conditions， we are paying more and more attention to 　(亮点点评：pay attention to短语)　our health， which includes both physical and mental health. Then how can we students live a healthy and happy life？ Firstly，　(亮点点评：使用衔接词firstly， what’s more， secondly， in a word， 让行文更流畅、更具有条理性)　 we should keep our bodies healthy by eating healthy food and exercising in a proper way.　(亮点点评：by引导的方式状语)　 What’s more， it is necessary for us to 　(亮点点评：it is＋adj.＋ for sb. to do sth. 句型)　have enough sleep every day. Secondly， mental health is also of great importance.　(亮点点评：使用be of＋抽象名词，增强词汇高级感)　 When we’re sad， we can communicate with our parents， teachers and friends. In a word， only when we are healthy can we enjoy life.　(only引导的倒装句)　 I hope everyone can be healthy and live a healthy and happy life. That’s all. Thank you！ 一、单词拼写 1． Daddy was busy, he still took me to visit the exhibition at Chengdu Museum. 【答案】Though/Although 【详解】句意：尽管爸爸很忙，但是他仍然带我去参观了成都博物馆的展览。根据“...Daddy was busy, he still took me to visit the exhibition at Chengdu Museum.”可知，该句是一个让步状语从句，表达了爸爸在忙碌的情况下仍然抽出时间带“我”去参观展览的情景。though/although“尽管”，可引导让步状语从句。故填Though/Although。 2．Proper training is an important (条件) if you want to master the new skills. 【答案】condition 【详解】句意：如果你想掌握新技能，适当的训练是一个重要的条件。根据中文提示“条件”可知，对应的英文单词为“condition”。“condition”表示“条件”时为可数名词，空格前有不定冠词“an”，故用单数形式。故填condition。 3．I feel so (sleep) that I can hardly open my eyes. 【答案】sleepy 【详解】句意：我感觉如此困倦，以至于几乎睁不开眼睛。根据“I feel so…that I can hardly open my eyes”可知，此处需用形容词描述“感觉”的状态。sleep的形容词形式sleepy表示“困倦的”，符合语境。故填sleepy。 4．Jane is (jog) along the river in the park with her dog at the moment. 【答案】jogging 【详解】句意：简此刻正和她的狗在公园的河边慢跑。根据时间状语“at the moment”可知，句子时态应为现在进行时，结构为“be + 现在分词”。所给单词jog为动词，意为“慢跑”，其现在分词为jogging，与句中“is”构成现在进行时，表示动作正在发生。故填jogging。 5．We all need a (balance) diet. 【答案】balanced 【详解】句意：我们都需要一个均衡的饮食。空处修饰名词diet，用形容词balanced“均衡的”，作定语。故填balanced。 6．On Sundays he lies all day on the bed, playing with his smartphone. (most) 【答案】mostly 【详解】句意：星期天，他大部分时间都躺在床上玩他的智能手机。此处修饰动词“lies”，用副词mostly，意为“大部分”。故填mostly。 7．Our school (focus) on cooking delicious meals for us every day. 【答案】focuses 【详解】句意：我们学校每天专注于为我们烹饪美味的饭菜。根据“every day”可知，本句是一般现在时，主语是第三人称单数，动词用三单形式。故填focuses。 8．He (prefer) singing to dancing when he was at an early age. 【答案】preferred 【详解】句意：他小时候更喜欢唱歌而不是跳舞。根据时间状语“when he was at an early age”可知，句子描述的是过去的状态，需用一般过去时；动词“prefer”的过去式为“preferred”，在句中作谓语。故填preferred。 9．Eating too much fast food is for your body. (healthy) 【答案】unhealthy 【详解】句意：吃太多快餐会使你的身体不健康。根据“Eating too much fast food is ... for your body.”及所给单词提示可知，此处表示快餐不利于健康，空格处需填入形容词作表语，healthy的反义词unhealthy“不健康的”符合句意。故填unhealthy。 10．It (看来) that he didn’t like beef before. 【答案】seemed 【详解】句意：看来他以前不喜欢牛肉。seem“看来”，本句是一般过去时，动词用过去式。故填seemed。 二、单项选择 11．My throat feels really ________ after singing for hours. A．sore B．happy C．better D．relaxed 【答案】A 【详解】句意：唱了几个小时后，我的喉咙真的很疼。 考查形容词辨析。sore疼痛；happy快乐；better更好；relaxed放松。根据“after singing for hours.”可知长时间唱歌嗓子会疼痛，故选A。 12．—Your face looks a bit red. —Yeah, my head feels very hot. Maybe I have a ________. A．stomachache B．toothache C．sore throat D．fever 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——你的脸看起来有点红。——是的，我的头感觉很热。也许我发烧了。 考查名词及名词短语辨析。stomachache胃痛；toothache牙痛；sore throat喉咙痛；fever发烧。根据“my head feels very hot”可知，此处指发烧。故选D。 13．Nancy took her temperature and found she had a ________. A．cough B．headache C．stomachache D．fever 【答案】D 【详解】句意：南希量了体温，发现自己发烧了。 考查名词辨析。cough咳嗽；headache头痛；stomachache胃痛；fever发烧。根据“took her temperature”可知，量体温是为了看自己是否发烧了，故选D。 14．—What’s the matter? —My friend hurt her ______. She can hardly speak. A．foot B．neck C．knee D．throat 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——怎么了？——我的朋友伤了喉咙。她几乎不能说话。 考查名词辨析。foot脚；neck脖子；knee膝盖；throat喉咙。根据“She can hardly speak”可知是伤了喉咙。故选D。 15．You ________ very professional when you do some jobs, but you must be serious when you do any job. A．needn’t to be B．needn’t be C．don’t need be D．shouldn’t be 【答案】B 【详解】句意：你做某些工作不必苛求专业精通，但对待任何工作都须秉持认真态度。 考查情态动词。needn’t不必；shouldn’t不应该。need作实义动词时，其否定形式为don’t/doesn’t need，且其后应接不定式作宾语，选项A和C都不符合语法规则，应排除；根据“You...very professional when you do some jobs”可知，此处指做某些工作时不必非常专业，needn’t be符合语境。故选B。 16．Simon ________ buy the tickets for the concert because his sister has bought them. A．needn’t B．doesn’t need C．needn’t to D．doesn’t have 【答案】A 【详解】句意：西蒙不必买音乐会的门票，因为他姐姐已经买了。 考查情态动词辨析。needn’t不必；doesn’t need不必；needn’t to不正确；doesn’t have没有。“need to do sth”表示“需要做某事”，后需要跟to do。这里用情态动词needn’t，后跟动词原形“buy”。故选A。 17．My mother seldom ________ exercise, but she ________ exercise yesterday. A．takes; took B．take; took C．takes; take 【答案】A 【详解】句意：我母亲平时很少锻炼，但昨天她锻炼了。 考查动词时态辨析。分析句子结构可知，前句中的时间状语seldom“不常，很少”常用于一般现在时，描述主语在常态下不频繁的动作或状态，且主语“My mother”为第三人称单数形式，应用动词take的三单形式作前句中的谓语；又结合后句中的时间状语yesterday可知，后句描述的是过去发生的事，时态为一般过去时，应用动词take的过去式took作后句中的谓语。故选A。 18．There are ________ people in the supermarket. It’s very crowded. A．too much B．much too C．too many D．many too 【答案】C 【详解】句意：超市里人太多了。这里非常拥挤。 考查短语辨析。too much太多，修饰不可数名词；much too太，修饰形容词或副词；too many太多，修饰可数名词复数；many too错误表达。此处修饰people，应用too many。故选C。 19．A great many people in Changchun enjoy ________ flowers along the Yitong River in spring. A．admire B．to admire C．admired D．admiring 【答案】D 【详解】句意：长春许多人喜欢春天沿伊通河赏花。 考查非谓语动词。enjoy doing sth为固定搭配，表示“喜欢做某事”，强调习惯性动作或爱好，所以填动名词形式。故选D。 20．Li Lei is good ________ music. He can be good ________ old people, too. A．at; for B．with; at C．for; at D．at; with 【答案】D 【详解】句意：李雷擅长音乐。他和老人也相处得很好。 考查介词。be good at擅长；be good with和……相处得好；be good for对……有好处。第一个空后“music”意为“音乐”，应该是擅长音乐，因此用at；第二个空后“old people ”意为“老人”，应该是和老人相处得很好，因此用with。故选D。 三、完形填空 In the doctor’s waiting room, 21 men and women were sitting on the chairs. Bob, a school boy, was among them. They all looked very 22 except Bob. He was deep in an 23 story in a magazine. Just then the doctor came in to say he was ready for the next person. Bob 24 up and ran into the doctor’s room. “What’s the matter 25 you?” asked the doctor. Before Bob could say a word, the doctor made him 26 down on a bed. “Now, let me listen to your heart.” Bob tried to speak, 27 the doctor told him not to say anything. “I’ll take your temperature.” Bob tried to 28 , but the doctor stopped him. After a moment, the doctor said, “Boy, you don’t have a fever. In fact, there is 29 wrong with you.” “I know there is nothing,” said Bob, “I just come here to get some 30 for my father.” 21．A．ill B．illness C．sick D．sickness 22．A．happy B．glad C．sad D．pleased 23．A．exciting B．interested C．excited D．interest 24．A．lay B．ran C．jumped D．sat 25．A．with B．for C．to D．at 26．A．sit B．stand C．look D．lie 27．A．so B．but C．as D．and 28．A．cry out B．fall asleep C．sit up D．stand up 29．A．something B．nothing C．anything D．everything 30．A．medicine B．information C．news D．presents 【答案】 21．C 22．C 23．A 24．C 25．A 26．D 27．B 28．C 29．B 30．A 【导语】本文主要讲述了鲍勃去医院取药，被医生误以为是病人，为他检查身体的趣事。 21．句意：在医生的候诊室里，病人们都坐在椅子上。 ill生病的；illness疾病；sick生病的；sickness疾病。此空修饰名词“men and women”，应填形容词作定语。ill只能作表语，故选C。 22．句意：除了鲍勃，他们都看起来很伤心。 happy开心的；glad开心的；sad难过的；pleased开心的，满意的。根据“In the doctor’s waiting room”可知，看病的人们都会因为病情而难过，故选C。 23．句意：他沉浸在杂志上一个激动人心的故事中。 exciting激动的；interested感兴趣的；excited感到兴奋的；interest兴趣。此空修饰story，应填形容词，且修饰物，用以ing为结尾的形容词，故选A。 24．句意：鲍勃跳起来跑进了医生的房间。 lay躺下；ran跑步；jumped跳跃；sat坐。前文讲到他看了一个激动人心的故事，所以轮到他时，他跳着起来，故选C。 25．句意：你怎么了？ with有；for为了；to到；at在。固定句式：What’s the matter with you“你怎么了”，故选A。 26．句意：鲍勃还没来得及说话，医生就让他躺在床上。 sit坐；stand站；look看；lie躺。根据“the doctor made him …down on a bed”可知，让他躺在床上检查身体，故选D。 27．句意：鲍勃想说话，但医生叫他什么也别说。 so因此；but但是；as由于；and和。“Bob tried to speak”与“the doctor told him not to say anything”是转折关系，故选B。 28．句意：鲍勃试着坐起来。 cry out大声呼喊；fall asleep睡着；sit up坐起来；stand up站立。根据下文“I know there is nothing”以及上文“the doctor made him …down on a bed”可知，他只是来给父亲拿药，所以想坐起来说明这一切，故选C。 29．句意：事实上，你没什么问题。 something某事；nothing没什么事；anything任何事；everything一切。根据“I know there is nothing”可知，身体没问题，故选B。 30．句意：我只是来给我父亲拿些药。 medicine药物；information信息；news新闻；presents礼物。结合常识可知，去医院是为了给父亲拿药，故选A。 4、 阅读理解 A I have a bad cold. I have a sore throat and a headache. What should I do? Are there any ways to make my throat feel better? —Rachel, 1 month ago My favorite sore throat “medicine” is hot water with lemon (柠檬) juice and honey. It works very well. —Wishful Spirit, 2 days ago Wash your hands a lot. Rest as much as possible. Also try massaging (按摩) your head to help make your headache go away. —Julie, 1 week ago. Take medicine as early as possible. Keep warm and get a lot of rest. —Michelle, 2 weeks ago 31．When did Michelle give her advice? A．2 days ago. B．1 week ago. C．2 weeks ago. D．1 month ago. 32．How many people advised Rachel to drink water? A．One. B．Two. C．Three. D．Four. 33．This passage may be from ________⁠. A．a sports newspaper B．a doctor’s letter C．the Internet D．an art magazine 【答案】31．C 32．A 33．C 【导语】本文讲述了Rachel得了重感冒在网上向大家寻求建议，不同的人在不同的时间给出了自己的建议。 31．细节理解题。根据“Michelle, 2 weeks ago”可知，是两周前。故选C。 32．细节理解题。根据“My favorite sore throat ‘medicine’ is hot water with lemon juice and honey. It works very well.”可知，有一个人建议喝水。故选A。 33．推理判断题。通读全文可知，Rachel得了重感冒向大家寻求建议，不同的人在不同的时间给出了自己的建议。由此推断，短文最有可能来源于网上。故选C。 B What you Need to Know about First Aid(急救) →Look for an adult(成年人) for help; →If you need medical help, call 120; →If you call, you should tell: ◇where you are ◇who is hurt ◇what has happened Remember... Call 120 for medical help. →Lean(屈身) forward; →Pinch(捏) the soft part of the nose for ten minutes; →If the bleeding doesn’t stop, tell an adult and call 120. Remember... Lean forward and pinch it. 34．If you have to call 120, you don’t need to tell ________. A．where you are B．where you live C．what has happened D．who is hurt 35．If Bob’s nose is bleeding, what should he do? A． B． C． D． 36．The passage is mainly for ________. A．adults B．parents C．doctors D．kids 【答案】34．B 35．D 36．D 【导语】本文主要介绍了当面临需要帮助和流鼻血情况下可以采取的措施。 34．推理判断题。根据第一个表格中“If you call, you should tell”可知，如果拨打120应该告诉对方以下内容：你在哪里，谁受伤了，发生了什么，不需要告诉“你住在哪里”，故选B。 35．细节理解题。根据第二个表格中“Lean(屈身) forward”及“Pinch(捏) the soft part of the nose for ten minutes”可知，如果鼻子流血，要屈伸向前，捏鼻子柔软的部位十分钟，D图片符合，故选D。 36．推理判断题。根据“Look for an adult(成年人) for help”可知，向成年人寻求帮助，可推断本文是写给孩子的，故选D。 C Running is becoming popular these days. Many of us run for health. Doctors say many health problems come from these bad habits: eating and drinking too much, smoking and not taking enough exercise. Doctors tell us, “Eat and drink less. Don’t smoke, and exercise more.” Running is a good form of exercise because it helps build a strong heart. It also helps most people lose weight. One 68-­year­-old woman runs three times a week. “I love to eat, ” she says. She runs to lose weight. Running is good for health in other ways, too. Many runners say running keeps colds and other small health problems away. “Running is my doctor,” says one man. Running can also help people to relax. So today men and women of all ages enjoy running. 37．Many people enjoy running because they want to ________. A．eat much B．keep healthy C．run fast D．waste time 38．The underlined word “weight” means “________” in Chinese. A．疾病 B．体重 C．速度 D．健康 39．The third paragraph shows________. A．running helps people to relax B．people who like running have many health problems C．running helps build a strong heart D．people who like running have fewer small health problems 40．The writer mainly tells us ________. A．how to run B．how to lose weight C．running is a good way to keep healthy D．running is better than doctors 【答案】37．B 38．B 39．D 40．C 【导语】本文主要介绍了跑步对我们保持健康的好处。 37． 细节理解题。根据第一段“Running is becoming popular these days. Many of us run for health.”可知，很多人跑步是为了保持健康。故选B。 38．词句猜测题。根据第二段“One 68-year-old woman runs three times a week. ‘I love to eat,’ she says.She runs to lose weight.”可知，这位68岁的女士爱吃东西，由常识可知，多吃会长胖，她每周跑步三次，应该是为了减轻她的体重，因此可以推断lose weight意为“减轻体重”，而weight则意为“体重”。故选B。 39．推理判断题。根据第三段“Running is good for health in other ways, too. Many runners say running keeps colds and other small health problems away. ‘Running is my doctor,’ says one man.”可知，喜欢跑步的人健康小问题较少。故选D。 40．主旨大意题。综合全文可知，本文主要介绍了跑步对我们的健康非常有好处。故选C。 五、短文填空 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容 (1个单词) 或括号内单词的正确形式。 If you don’t keep yourself warm enough, winter can be a time to have an illness. During the winter months, people 41 (easy) get colds and flu. Many people think they are the same, 42 they are different. Colds can stay with you for up to a week. You will have a running nose, a sore throat, a headache, a cough and a fever. Flu is 43 (serious) than colds. You will feel sick very quickly. You will have a fever and a headache. Your body 44 (hurt) and become weak. This could last for up to four 45 (week). Is there any way to keep 46 (you) away from colds or flu? Staying away from people 47 colds or flu may work. Try not 48 (touch) your nose or eyes if you have been close to someone who has a cold. Wash your hands, especially after 49 (clean) your nose. Going out with wet hair can also give you a cold! If you catch a cold or flu, go to bed and rest. Doing this will help you get well. Drink lots of water. Stay in 50 warm, well-aired room. If you have a headache, or your muscles (肌肉) hurt, don’t forget to take some medicine. 【答案】 41．easily 42．but 43．more serious 44．will hurt 45．weeks 46．yourself 47．with 48．to touch 49．cleaning 50．a 【导语】本文讲述了冬天是容易感冒的季节，要注意保暖，并介绍了一些预防感冒的做法和感冒后的处理方式。 41．句意：在冬季，人们容易感冒和流感。此处是副词修饰动词get，easily“容易地”符合题意，故填easily。 42．句意：很多人觉得它们一样，其实它们不一样。根据空处前后的“same”和“different”可知，此处表转折，所以用but“但是”。故填but。 43．句意：流感比感冒更严重。根据“than”可知此缺少形容词比较级，more serious“更严重”，故填more serious。 44．句意：你的身体会受伤，变得虚弱。根据“You will feel sick very quickly. You will have a fever and a headache.”可知，此处指感染流感后的后果，应用一般将来时will do，故填will hurt。 45．句意：这可能会持续长达四周。数词“four”后跟名词复数形式，表达“四个星期”，故填weeks。 46．句意：有什么方法可以让自己远离感冒或者流感？keep oneself away from“让某人自己远离某事”，空处缺少反身代词，you的反身代词是yourself。故填yourself。 47．句意：远离感冒或流感患者可能有效。根据“people…colds or flu”可知，这里应该是介词短语作后置定语修饰people，指“患感冒或流感的患者”，with“带有，附有”符合语境，故填with。 48．句意：如果你和感冒患者关系密切，尽量不要触摸你的鼻子或眼睛。try not to do sth.“尽量不要做某事”，固定短语，所以空处用不定式；故填to touch。 49．句意：洗手，尤其是洗完鼻子后。介词after后接动名词，故填cleaning。 50．句意：待在温暖、通风良好的房间里。空处缺少不定冠词修饰room，此处表泛指，warm首字母为辅音音素，故填a。 六、选词填空 请从方框内选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使文章完整连贯。注意每空一词，每词仅用一次，有两词为多余项。 surprise   fever   matter   stop   wait   nurse   an   down   rest   throat   drink   than One morning, Tom didn’t feel well. He had a bad headache and a sore 51 . Tom went to the clinic (诊所). There were a lot of people in the waiting room and Tom had to 52 a long time. At last, it’s his turn, and the 53 showed Tom into the doctor’s room. The doctor asked, “what’s the 54 with you?” “I’m sick, and I can’t 55 sneezing (打喷嚏),” Tom said. “You’ve just got a cold,” the doctor checked and said. “Medicine isn’t necessary. Just go home, 56 a lot of water, and take rests for a few days.” Tom was unhappy. “There must be something you can give me, doctor,” he said. “I don’t want to be like this for several days.” The doctor thought for a moment. Then he said, “OK. Go home and get into a hot bath. Stay in it for half 57 hour until the water is cold. Then put on your swimming suit and run around the streets until you are really cold. Then lie 58 on the grass.” Tom was 59 . “But doctor,”he said, “if I do like that, I’ll get pneumonia (肺炎). That’s much more serious 60 a cold.” “I know,” the doctor said, “but there’s medicine for pneumonia.” 【答案】 51．throat 52．wait 53．nurse 54．matter 55．stop 56．drink 57．an 58．down 59．surprised 60．than 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，文章介绍了汤姆看病的经历。 51．句意：他头痛得厉害，喉咙也痛。根据“He had a bad headache and a sore”可知，设空处应该说喉咙痛，备选词throat符合语境，had a sore throat“喉咙痛”。故填throat。 52．句意：候诊室里有很多人，汤姆不得不等了很长时间。根据“There were a lot of people in the waiting room”可知，设空处应该说等了很长时间，备选词wait“等待”符合语境，had to接动词原形。故填wait。 53．句意：最后，轮到他了，护士把汤姆领进了医生的房间。根据“showed Tom into the doctor’s room.”可知，应该说护士带汤姆进医生的房间，备选词nurse“护士”符合语境，填单数名词，故填nurse。 54．句意：医生问：“你怎么了？”根据“what’s the…you”可知，考查固定句型what’s the matter with you“你怎么了”，备选词matter符合语境。故填matter。 55．句意：“我病了，不停地打喷嚏，”汤姆说。根据“sneezing (打喷嚏),”可知，设空处应该说不停打喷嚏，备选词stop符合语境，stop doing“停止做某事”，设空处前是“can’t”，填动词原形。故填stop。 56．句意：回家去，多喝水，休息几天。根据“ a lot of water”可知，设空处应该说多喝水，备选词drink“喝”符合语境，该句是祈使句，填动词原形。故填drink。 57．句意：在里面待半个小时，直到水变冷。根据“half…hour”可知，考查固定短语half an hour“半小时”，备选词an符合语境。故填an。 58．句意：然后躺在草地上。根据“lie…on the grass”可知，此处指的躺在草地上，备选词down符合语境，lie down“躺下”。故填down。 59．句意：汤姆很吃惊。根据“if I do like that, I’ll get pneumonia (肺炎). ”可知，汤姆很好奇，备选词surprise符合语境，此处修饰人，其形容词surprised“感到惊讶的”符合语境，作表语。故填surprised。 60．句意：那比感冒严重多了。根据“That’s much more serious”可知，此处指的比感冒严重，备选词than“比”符合语境。故填than。 七、书面表达 61．假定你是李明，你得知在英国的朋友Bob得甲流生病了，请你写一封电子邮件叮嘱他生病后的一些注意事项。 内容包括： (1) 表达关心 (我很抱歉听说你生病了)； (2) 描述你出现健康问题的一次经历； (3) 对如何保持健康提出至少两点建议。 作文要求： (1) 不能照抄原文，不得在作文中出现学校真实的名称和学生的真实姓名。 (2) 语句连贯，词数80左右。作文的开头和结尾已经给出，不计入总词数。 Dear Bob, I’m sorry to hear that you have H1N1 flu. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ I hope you will get better soon. Best wishes!   Yours,   Li Ming 【答案】例文 Dear Bob, I’m sorry to hear that you have H1N1 flu. I also caught a cold last month. I had a high fever and coughed. I drank a lot of water and took some medicine. I realized the importance of health. So it is necessary for us to know how to keep healthy. First, it’s necessary for us to keep a balanced diet. We should eat more vegetables and fruit which contain lots of vitamins and less fat. We should also try to eat less meat. What’s more, keeping a positive attitude to our life is good for our health. Last but not least, take proper exercise every day. I hope you will get better soon. Best wishes! Yours, Li Ming 【详解】[总体分析] ①题材：本文是一封电子邮件； ②时态：时态为“一般现在时和一般过去时”； ③提示：写作要点已给出，注意不要遗漏要点，可适当添加细节，并突出写作重点。 [写作步骤] 第一步，根据文章已给出的开头，对朋友表达关心； 第二步，介绍自己出现健康问题的一次经历； 第三步，提出如何保持健康的一些建议。 [亮点词汇] ①a lot of很多 ②the importance of……的重要性 ③keep a balanced diet保持均衡饮食 ④what’s more更重要的是 ⑤last but not least最后但同样重要的 [高分句型] ①I’m sorry to hear that you have H1N1 flu. (that引导的宾语从句) ②We should eat more vegetables and fruit which contain lots of vitamins and less fat. (which引导的定语从句) 19 / 21 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$