暑假自学课第7讲Unit2Home Sweet Home词汇句式（讲义）2026-2027学年人教版英语八年级上册

新八年级暑假自学课 人教版2024 · 暑假衔接专用 ┌─────────────────────────────┐ 第7讲 Unit 2 Home Sweet Home —— 词汇 · 句式精讲 └─────────────────────────────┘ ⊙ 适用年级：新八年级（七升八） ⊙ 教材版本：人教版2024 ⊙ 内容说明：学习Unit 2核心家务词汇，掌握情态动词could表请求和have to的用法 Part 1 核心词汇精讲 一、sweep / fold / do / take / make（家务动词） sweep the floor（扫地） fold the clothes（叠衣服） do the dishes（洗碗） take out the rubbish（倒垃圾） make the bed（整理床铺） do the laundry（洗衣服） 例句：I sweep the floor every morning. Could you please take out the rubbish? She folded the clothes after dinner. 【当堂练】英汉互译： (1) sweep the floor ___________ (2) 洗碗 ___________ (3) fold the clothes ___________ 二、help with / clean / set the table / walk the dog help with the housework（帮忙做家务） clean the living room（打扫客厅） set the table（摆餐桌） walk the dog（遛狗） babysit（照看小孩） 例句：Can you help with the housework? I walk the dog every morning. She has to babysit her sister. 【当堂练】选词填空（set / walk / clean / babysit）： (1) I ______ the table before dinner. (2) She has to ______ her little brother after school. 三、Could you please...?（礼貌请求句型） Could you please + 动词原形？（请你...好吗？——比Can更礼貌） 肯定回答：Sure. / Of course. / No problem. 否定回答：Sorry, I can't. I have to... 例句：— Could you please sweep the floor? — Sure, Mom. — Could you please do the dishes? — Sorry, I have to do my homework. 【当堂练】根据提示补全对话： (1) A: ______ you please ______ the floor? B: Sorry, I'm busy. (2) A: Could I use your computer? B: ______, I need it for my homework. 四、have to / has to（不得不，必须） have to（主语I/You/We/They） has to（主语He/She/It） 否定：don't have to / doesn't have to（不必） 例句：I have to finish my homework first. She has to look after her little sister. You don't have to go if you don't want to. 【当堂练】用have to / has to填空： (1) I ______ go to school on weekdays. (2) She ______ wear glasses. She can't see clearly. (3) They ______ leave now. It's late. 五、chore / housework / do chores（家务相关名词） do chores（做杂务） do housework（做家务） 例句：I often help my parents do chores at home. Doing housework is a good habit. 【当堂练】翻译： (1) 做家务 ___________ (2) I often help my mother do chores. → 翻译中文： Part 2 核心句式与语法 一、情态动词could表请求 Could you please + 动词原形? 比Can更委婉礼貌: 句型 回答 Could you please sweep the floor? Sure. / Of course. / No problem. Could you please do the dishes? Sorry, I can't. I have to do my homework. Could I use your computer? Yes, you can. / Sorry, I need it. 注意: please在Could you please中表示礼貌，不能换成其他词 二、have to / has to 的用法 have to表示"不得不"，强调客观需要: 主语 形式 例句 I/You/We/They have to I have to finish my homework first. He/She/It has to She has to look after her little sister. 否定句: don't have to / doesn't have to (不必做) 疑问句: Do/Does + 主语 + have to...? Part 3 基础巩固 一、将下列短语翻译成英语。 (1) 扫地 ______ (2) 洗碗 ______ (3) 叠衣服 ______ (4) 倒垃圾 ______ (5) 整理床铺 ______ (6) 洗衣服 ______ 二、用have to或has to填空。 (1) I ______ finish my homework first. (2) She ______ look after her sister. (3) We ______ wear school uniforms. (4) He ______ clean his room every week. (5) They ______ leave now. 三、单项选择。 1. — Could you please sweep the floor? — ______. I'm busy now. A. Sure B. Yes, I could C. Sorry, I can't D. No problem 2. She ______ do the dishes after dinner. A. have to B. has to C. having to D. had to 3. — ______ I use your pen? — Of course. A. Could B. Should C. Must D. Need Part 4 提高挑战 一、改错。 (1) Could you please to sweep the floor? ______________ (2) She have to do the dishes. ______________ (3) I don't can swim. ______________ 二、补全对话。 A: Could you please help me with the housework? B: (1) ________________ What do you want me to do? A: Could you please sweep the floor and take out the rubbish? B: (2) ________________ I have to finish my homework first. A: OK. Could you do it after finishing your homework? B: (3) ________________ I will do it right away. A: Thanks! You are a good kid. A. Sure, no problem. B. Sorry, I can't. C. Of course, Mom. 三、写作。 用英语写一段话介绍你平时在家做的家务。用上Could you please和have to。不少于6句话。 ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ Part 5 本讲总结 Unit 2 核心要点 家务词汇: do the dishes, sweep the floor, fold the clothes, take out the rubbish; Could请求: Could you please + 动词原形? 肯定回答Sure/Of course，否定回答Sorry, I can't; have to: 不得不(客观需要)，有人称变化(have to/has to); 邀请回应: Sure, I'd love to. / Sorry, I can't. I have to... 参考答案 Part 3 基础巩固 一. (1) sweep the floor (2) do the dishes (3) fold the clothes (4) take out the rubbish (5) make the bed (6) do the laundry 二. (1) have to (2) has to (3) have to (4) has to (5) have to 三. 1. C 2. B 3. A Part 4 提高挑战 一. (1) to sweep → sweep(Could you please后动原) (2) have → has(She三单) (3) don't can → can't(情态动词否定) 二. (1) C Of course, Mom. (2) B Sorry, I can't. (3) A Sure, no problem. 三. 略。参考范文: I often help my mother with the housework. I have to do the dishes after dinner. I also sweep the floor every weekend. Sometimes I ask my mother: "Could you please help me fold the clothes?" She says "Sure." I think doing housework is good for us. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $