暑假自学课第5讲Unit1Happy Holiday词汇句式（讲义）2026-2027学年人教版英语八年级上册

新八年级暑假自学课 人教版2024 · 暑假衔接专用 ┌─────────────────────────────┐ 第5讲 Unit 1 Happy Holiday —— 词汇 · 句式精讲 └─────────────────────────────┘ ⊙ 适用年级：新八年级（七升八） ⊙ 教材版本：人教版2024 ⊙ 内容说明：学习Unit 1核心词汇、短语和句式，掌握一般过去时深化用法和不定代词 Part 1 核心词汇精讲 一、vacation / holiday（n. 假期） 短语搭配: on vacation / on holiday（在度假） go on vacation（去度假） 例句：I went on vacation to Beijing last summer. She is on holiday with her family. 【当堂练】用 vacation / on vacation 填空： (1) We are going to Hainan ___ ___ this winter. (2) Did you go ___ ___ during the summer holiday? 二、fantastic / wonderful / terrible / boring fantastic = wonderful（极好的，精彩的） / terrible（糟糕的） / boring（无聊的） 例句：The trip was fantastic! We all enjoyed it. The movie was boring. I almost fell asleep. 【当堂练】选词填空（fantastic / terrible / boring）： (1) The food was __________. I love it! (2) The weather was __________. It rained all day. 三、take photos / go shopping / ride a horse take photos（拍照） / go shopping（去购物） / ride a horse（骑马） 例句：We took lots of photos on the Great Wall. My mother went shopping with me yesterday. Tom rode a horse on the farm last weekend. 【当堂练】翻译短语： (1) 拍照 ___________ (2) 去购物 ___________ 四、go swimming / go fishing / go hiking（go + V-ing活动） go swimming（去游泳） go fishing（去钓鱼） go hiking（去远足） go sightseeing（去观光） 例句：We went swimming in the sea. They went hiking in the mountains. 【当堂练】用go swimming / go fishing / go hiking填空： (1) I like to ____ ____ in the river. I can catch fish. (2) Let's ____ ____ in the sea. The water is warm. 五、delicious / expensive / cheap / crowded（描述形容词） delicious（美味的） expensive（贵的） cheap（便宜的） crowded（拥挤的） exciting（令人兴奋的） friendly（友好的） 例句：The beach was crowded, but the water was wonderful. The local people were very friendly. The food was delicious! 【当堂练】选词填空（delicious / crowded / expensive）： (1) The restaurant was ______. There were too many people. (2) This gift is too ______. I can't buy it. 六、feel like 句型 feel like + 句子（感觉好像） / feel like + doing（想要做） 例句：I felt like I was a bird. (我感觉像一只鸟。) I feel like going swimming. (我想去游泳。) 【当堂练】翻译： (1) 我感觉很开心。I ______ ______ happy. (2) 我想去散步。I ______ ______ ______ a walk. 七、ride a horse / take photos / buy gifts ride a horse（骑马） take photos = take pictures（拍照） buy gifts for（给...买礼物） 例句：Tom rode a horse on the farm. I bought gifts for my friends. 【当堂练】翻译短语： (1) 拍照 ___________ (2) 骑马 ___________ (3) 买礼物 ___________ Part 2 核心句式与语法 一、一般过去时疑问句与否定句 一般疑问句: Did + 主语 + 动词原形? -- Did you go to Beijing? -- Yes, I did. / No, I didn't. -- Did she visit the museum? -- Yes, she did. 特殊疑问句: 疑问词 + did + 主语 + 动词原形? -- Where did you go on vacation? -- I went to Shanghai. -- What did you do? -- I visited the Great Wall. -- How did you go there? -- By train. -- Who did you go with? -- My parents. 二、不定代词 (Indefinite Pronouns) 不定代词表示不指定的人或事物: 范畴 肯定 疑问/否定 人 someone / somebody anyone / anybody / no one / nobody 物 something anything / nothing 基本用法规则: * someone/something: 用于肯定句 -- I met someone interesting. * anyone/anything: 用于疑问句和否定句 -- Did you do anything special? * no one/nothing: 表示否定 -- I did nothing special. * 形容词修饰不定代词要后置 -- something new, nothing difficult, someone friendly Part 3 基础巩固 一、用所给动词的适当形式填空。 (1) I ______ (go) to the beach last summer. (2) She ______ (visit) the museum yesterday. (3) We ______ (take) many photos on our trip. (4) He ______ (not go) to school because he was ill. (5) ______ you ______ (see) any interesting movies? 二、用不定代词填空(someone/anyone/no one/something/anything/nothing)。 (1) There is ______ in the room. I can hear a voice. (2) Did you meet ______ interesting on your trip? (3) I have ______ to do. I am bored. (4) Is there ______ special in today's newspaper? (5) ______ knows the answer. It's a secret. 三、单项选择。 1. — Where did you go on vacation? — I ______ to the beach. A. go B. went C. going D. goes 2. — Did you do ______ special? — Yes, I learned to swim. A. something B. anything C. nothing D. everything 3. The food was ______. I didn't like it. A. delicious B. wonderful C. terrible D. fantastic 4. I met ______ very friendly on the trip. A. anyone B. someone C. no one D. anything 5. There is ______ new in this book. I already know it all. A. something B. anything C. nothing D. everything Part 4 提高挑战 一、按要求改写句子。 (1) I went to Beijing on vacation.(改为一般疑问句) ____________________________________________________________ (2) She visited the museum yesterday.(改为否定句) ____________________________________________________________ (3) I ate something delicious for lunch.(改为一般疑问句) ____________________________________________________________ 二、补全对话。 A: Where did you go on vacation? B: (1) ________________ I went to the mountains. A: (2) ________________ B: I went with my family. A: (3) ________________ B: The weather was great. It was sunny. A: (4) ________________ B: Yes, I took lots of photos. A: (5) ________________ B: We had a wonderful time! A. Did you take photos? B. Who did you go with? C. How was the weather? D. How was your vacation? E. Where did you go? 三、写作。 写一段话介绍你上次假期去了哪里、做了什么、感受如何。至少用上2个不定代词和一般过去时。不少于6句话。 ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ Part 5 本讲总结 Unit 1 核心要点 假期词汇: holiday/vacation, fantastic/terrible/wonderful, excursion/tour; 过去时: Did you...? / Where did you go? / It was + 形容词; 不定代词: someone/anyone/no one, something/anything/nothing; 不定代词用法: someone用于肯定句，anyone用于疑问/否定，something用于肯定句，anything用于疑问/否定; 形容词修饰不定代词要后置: something special, nothing new。 参考答案 Part 3 基础巩固 一. (1) went (2) visited (3) took (4) didn't go (5) Did, see 二. (1) someone (2) anyone (3) nothing (4) anything (5) No one 三. 1. B 2. B 3. C 4. B 5. C Part 4 提高挑战 一. (1) Did you go to Beijing on vacation? (2) She didn't visit the museum yesterday. (3) Did you eat something/anything delicious for lunch? 二. (1) E Where did you go? (2) B Who did you go with? (3) C How was the weather? (4) A Did you take photos? (5) D How was your vacation? 三. 略。参考范文: Last summer, I went to Beijing with my parents. We visited the Great Wall and the Palace Museum. I took lots of photos there. I met someone interesting on the trip. He was from England. We did something special — we climbed the Great Wall together. It was fantastic! 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $