第02讲 Unit 2 Inspiring People（知识全梳理&考点精准练）（暑假预习讲义）新九年级英语新教材人教版

第02讲 Unit 2 Inspiring People （知识全梳理&考点精准练） 内容导航 01 预习航标→ 析目标·明方向：预习导航精准定向 02 教材全解 → 析教材·学新知：情境概念深度构 考点精讲：聚焦常考要点，讲清逻辑 例题精析：典型题目带路，学会解题思路 即练固基：趁热打铁练一练，巩固刚学内容 03过关检测 → 练考点·强落实：过关检测分层提 关键词 学习目标导航 学习目标 1.能认读、识记不同领域杰出人物相关职业名词、品质形容词，能结合人物识记相关成就类短语。 2.熟练掌握询问 / 谈论敬佩人物的核心交际句型：Who do you admire/look up to most?What makes him/her inspiring/admirable?It’s + 形容词 + of sb. to do sth.（评价人物品格句型） 3.在听力习题中精准抓取人物姓名、职业、关键成就、个人品质四类关键信息，完成匹配、填空、选词类听力任务。 4.能分组讨论自己敬佩的人物，结合人物事迹、优秀品质有条理阐述敬佩原因；能模仿对话进行角色扮演，完成人物介绍口头汇报。 学习重点 1.掌握谈论敬佩人物的核心问答句型与It’s + adj.+of sb. to do评价句式的灵活运用； 2.区分识记各行各业职业词汇，匹配不同名人对应的职业领域与标志性成就； 学习难点 1.整合人物生平、成就、优秀品质，逻辑连贯地用英语完整介绍一位励志人物； 2.在真实口语语境中，灵活选用 creative/brave/full of wisdom/never give up 等品质形容词佐证人物令人敬佩的理由； 1. She is full of courage and wisdom.她充满勇气与智慧。 【详解】 句型结构：主语 + be full of + 名词 含义：某人/某物充满……（多指品质、情绪、事物），同义短语：be filled with（中考常替换考点） 例如：The room is full of people.=The room is filled with people. 房间充满了人。 courage：名词，“勇气”，其动词为encourage“鼓励”encourage sb to do sth.鼓励某人做某事 【典例1】：(填空) The young girl ______ (be) full of hope for the future. 答案：is 解析：主语the young girl是第三人称单数，句子为一般现在时，因此be动词用is。 【典例2】My teacher often encourages me ______ brave enough to face difficulties in my study and life. A. be B. to be C. being D. is 答案：B 解析：本题考查固定短语 encourage sb. to do sth.（鼓励某人做某事），该结构为固定不定式搭配，是九年级核心高频考点。 【即练1】 改错：He full of confidence when he takes exams. 答案：He is full of confidence when he takes exams. 解析：be full of为完整谓语结构，句子缺少be动词，主语he为三单，补充is。 【即练2】 同义句转换：The room is filled with books.（用be full of改写） 答案：The room is full of books. 解析：be filled with和be full of完全同义，可互换使用，是中考同义转换高频考点。 2. It’s really very nice of him to support and encourage my exchange study here. 他很热心，支持并鼓励我来这里做交换学习。 【详解】句型结构：It’s + 品质形容词 + of sb. to do sth. 用法：用于评价人的性格、品质（nice, kind, good, foolish, brave等） 辨析：修饰人用of sb.；修饰事情用for sb.（重点中考易错点） 【典例】 It’s brave ______ him to save the child in the river. A. for B. of C. with D. in 答案：B 解析：brave（勇敢的）是形容人的品质，固定搭配It’s + 品质形容词 + of sb. to do sth.，故选B。 【即练1】It’s clever of her ______ (solve) the difficult problem quickly. 答案：to solve 解析：固定句型后必须接动词不定式to do，作句子真正主语。 【即练2】改错：It’s important of you to keep working hard. 答案：It’s important for you to keep working hard. 解析：important是修饰“坚持努力”这件事，不是修饰人的品质，修饰事物用for sb.。 3. It was difficult for … to do that kind of work back in those days. 在那个年代，……做这类工作十分艰难。 【详解】句型结构：It was + 事物形容词 + for sb. to do sth. 用法：描述做某事对某人来说是……的（困难、容易、重要、必要等），形容词修饰事情，不修饰人 时态：was用于过去时，指代过去的事情；可替换为is（现在时） 【典例】 It ______ (be) easy for me to finish the homework yesterday. 答案：was 解析：yesterday为过去时间，句子用一般过去时，be动词用was。 【即练1】 It’s ______ for us to learn English well. We must keep practicing. A. kind B. difficult C. brave D. nice 答案：B 解析：选项中只有difficult是修饰事情的形容词，可用于for sb.结构，其余均为修饰人的品质形容词。 【即练2】 It’s ______ for teenagers to develop good reading habits, which helps improve their written English a lot. A. careless B. valuable C. selfish D. humorous 答案：B 解析：valuable（有价值的）形容事情，用 for sb. 结构；careless/selfish/humorous 均描述人的品性，多用 of sb.。句意：养成良好阅读习惯对青少年很有价值。 【即练3】 It’s ______ to solve such a complicated physics problem without teacher’s help. Most students need guidance. A. honest B. impossible C. patient D. modest 答案：B 解析：impossible（不可能的）修饰事情，搭配 for sb.；honest、patient、modest 用来形容人，常用 of sb.。句意：没有老师帮助很难攻克这道复杂物理题。 4. It was amazing that … did research in physics and chemistry even though … 令人惊叹的是，尽管……，……仍坚持理化研究。 【详解】句型结构：It was amazing that + 完整句子 用法：it作形式主语，that从句为真正主语，用于感叹、赞美他人的惊人行为、成就，多用于过去事迹 拓展：amazing形容事物“令人惊叹的”，amazed形容人“感到惊叹的” 【典例】It was amazing that the great scientist lots of important inventions in poor living conditions. A. invents B. invented C. will invent D. invent 答案：B 解析：主句 was 为一般过去时，that 从句时态统一用一般过去时 invented。句意：令人惊叹的是，这位伟大的科学家在艰苦的生活条件下做出了许多重要发明。 【即练1】 —How did you feel about his success? — that he finished the difficult project all by himself. A. It amazed B. He was amazing C. It was amazing D. He was amazed 答案：C 解析：固定句型 It was amazing that…；amazing 形容事情令人惊叹，amazed 主语为人表 “感到吃惊”，只有 C 符合句型结构。 【即练2】It was amazing that so many works. A. he creates B. he created C. his creating D. him to create 答案：B 解析：原句是过去语境，主句 was 过去式，从句谓语用过去式 created，that 后必须接主谓完整句子。 【即练3】 ______ that the old scientist ______ over ten years carrying out secret experiments in remote areas. A. It was amazed; spent B. It was amazing; spent C. It was amazing; has spent D. It was amazed; had spent 答案：B 解析：本题综合性拔高考点。第一空遵循固定句型 It was amazing that…，it指代整件事，用修饰事物的amazing，amazed主语只能是人，排除A、D；第二空主句为一般过去时，that从句需时态一致，用一般过去时spent，现在完成时无法匹配过去语境，排除C。句意：令人惊叹的是，这位老科学家在偏远地区潜心开展秘密实验长达十余年。 5. It is important to him that everyone should show the same kindness and care to everyone else, whether they were family, friends, or strangers. 在他看来，无论亲人、朋友还是陌生人，人人都该同等友善、彼此关怀，这点至关重要。 【详解】句型结构：It is important to sb. that + 完整句子 辨析：important to sb. 对某人而言很重要（侧重人的观点、认知）；important for sb. 对某人有益、有必要（侧重事情作用） 【典例】 单选：It is important ______ teachers that students listen carefully in class. A. to B. for C. of D. with 答案：A 解析：侧重“在老师看来”的主观观点，用to sb.。 【即练1】 翻译：在他看来，坚持梦想至关重要。 答案：It is important to him that everyone should stick to their dreams. 解析：侧重个人主观认知，用to him，that从句用正常语序。 【即练2】 It is important to us that we ______ (keep) our promise. 答案：keep / should keep 解析：It is important that从句可接动词原形或should+动词原形，为固定用法。 【即练3】改错：It is important for her that people respect each other. 答案：It is important to her that people respect each other. 解析：句子侧重“在她看来”的主观观点，不是事情对她有益，因此用to。 6.There are all kinds of inspiring people around us, such as scientists, nurses and engineers. 我们身边有各种各样的励志人物，比如科学家、护士和工程师。 【详解】all kinds of + 可数名词复数 / 不可数名词，意为：各种各样的、形形色色的 1. 后接名词复数或不可数名词，不能接单数可数名词； 2. 侧重强调种类多、类型丰富，可修饰人或事物； 3. 同义替换：different kinds of（不同种类的）、many kinds of（许多种类的）。 例句1：We can see all kinds of flowers in the park.（可数复数） 例句2：He has all kinds of information about famous people.（不可数名词） 【典例】 The museum shows ______ old things and tells us stories of great people. A. all kind of B. all kinds of C. a kind of D. all kinds 答案：B 解析：正确固定搭配为 all kinds of 各种各样的；A形式错误，缺少s；D后面不能直接接名词。句意：这座博物馆展示各种各样的古物，为我们讲述伟人的故事。 【即练1】 There are ______ inspiring stories in this book. A. all kinds of B. all kind of C. kinds all of D. kind of 答案：A 解析：all kinds of 后接可数名词复数 stories，为正确搭配；B、C结构拼写错误，D kind of 意为“有点儿”，不符合句意。 【即练2】 My teacher tells us ______ people have different dreams. A. all kinds of B. all kind C. kind of D. a kind 答案：A 解析：all kinds of people 各种各样的人。B、D结构不完整；C意为“稍微、有点”，语义不符。 【即练3】 All kinds of new books ______ in our school library every year. A. appears B. appear C. is appearing D. was 答案：B 解析：主谓一致考点！All kinds of + 复数名词作主语，谓语动词用复数，排除A、C；时态为一般现在时，选appear。 7. He discovered that Earth moves around the sun. 他发现地球围绕太阳运转。 【详解】 单词辨析：discover 意为发现（原本客观存在、此前不为人知的事物、真理、规律），多用于科学发现、自然规律、客观事实场景；区别于 invent（发明，创造原本不存在的新事物）。 时态特点：discover 讲述过往的发现、科研成果，常用一般过去时 discovered。 从句时态规则： ① 若 that 从句为客观真理、自然规律、科学事实，无论主句是何种时态，从句永远用一般现在时； ② 若 that 从句为普通事件、非客观真理，从句时态跟随主句，主句过去时，从句用过去对应时态。 【典例1】 The scientist discovered that water ______ into steam when it boils. A. turned B. turns C. will turn D. has turned 答案：B 解析：that 后为客观科学规律（水沸腾变蒸汽），属于永恒真理，遵循“真理永一现”原则，不受主句过去时 discovered 影响，从句用一般现在时 turns。 【典例2】 Columbus ______ that there was a new continent in the west of the Atlantic Ocean. A. invented B. discovered C. created D. produced 答案：B 解析：本题考查动词词义辨析。discover 指发现原本存在的未知事物（新大陆原本存在）；invent 发明新事物，create 创造，produce 生产，均不符合语境。讲述过往发现，用过去式 discovered。 【即练1】 She discovered that most plants ______ faster in warm and wet environments. A. grow B. grew C. are growing D. have grown 答案：A 解析：植物在温暖潮湿环境生长更快是自然客观规律，属于恒定真理，从句不受主句过去时态限制，必须使用一般现在时 grow，为中考高频易错考点。 【即练2】 The researcher discovered that the rare bird ______ only in the southern forests years ago. A. lives B. lived C. live D. will live 答案：B 解析：从句内容“珍稀鸟类栖息在南方森林”是过去的普通事实，非永恒客观真理，时态跟随主句过去时 discovered，用一般过去时 lived。区分真理与普通过往事实是本题核心考点。 【即练3】 Which sentence is correct? A. He discovered that light traveled faster than sound. B. He has discovered that light travels faster than sound. C. He discovered that light travels faster than sound. D. He discovers that light traveled faster than sound. 答案：C 解析：本题综合考查时态搭配。① 光速比声速快是绝对客观真理，从句固定用一般现在时 travels，排除 A、D；② discover 是瞬间性动作，侧重过往的发现行为，多用一般过去时，不用现在完成时，排除 B。仅有 C 选项时态搭配完全正确。 一、单词拼写 1. The ______(鼓舞人心的) story makes us full of hope. 答案：inspiring 2. We all ______(钦佩) the hard-working scientists around us. 答案：admire 3. That ______(化学家) has found a new kind of material. 答案：chemist 4. The great ______(物理学家) spent all his time on space research. 答案：physicist 5. People’s life has changed a lot in one ______(世纪). 答案：century 6. Yuan Longping is a ______(先驱) in hybrid rice. 答案：pioneer 7. It needs great ______(勇气) to tell the truth. 答案：courage 8. Be ______(勇敢的) when you meet troubles. 答案：brave 9. They do lots of ______(科学的) experiments every week. 答案：scientific 10. The ______(探索) of the universe never stops. 答案：exploration 二、单项选择 1.The little scientist _ full of new ideas when he does experiments in the lab. A. is B. are C. was D. were 答案：A 解析：固定搭配 be full of；主语 the little scientist 是第三人称单数，后半句 does 为一般现在时，因此 be 动词用 is。 2.Our head teacher always encourages us _ _ challenges bravely in our daily study. A. face B. to face C. facing D. faced 答案：B 解析：固定短语 encourage sb. to do sth.（鼓励某人做某事），不定式 to do 作宾语补足语，因此选 to face。 3.It’s wise _ _ him to give up bad habits. A. for B. of C. with D. at 答案：B 解析：It’s + 形容人品质的形容词 + of sb. to do sth.；wise（明智的）修饰人的品性，用介词 of；修饰事情难易 / 重要性才用 for。 4.It’s necessary _ students to finish homework on time every day. A. of B. to C. for D. in 答案：C 解析：necessary（有必要的）是形容 “按时完成作业” 这件事，不修饰人，使用句型 It’s + 事物形容词 + for sb. to do sth.，介词用 for。 5.It was amazing that the researcher _ _ lots of valuable achievements under hard living conditions years ago. A. makes B. made C. make D. will make 答案：B 解析：主句 It was amazing 为一般过去时，that 引导的主语从句时态和主句保持一致，用一般过去式 made；years ago 也提示过去时间。 6.It is important _ _ most farmers that crops can grow well in warm weather. A. to B. for C. of D. on 答案：A 解析：It is important to sb. that 从句，表示 “在某人看来…… 很重要（主观观点）”；important for sb. 侧重 “对某人身体 / 成长有益”，本句是农民的看法，用 to。 7.The physicist found that the earth _ _ around the sun all the time. A. move B. moves C. moved D. will move 答案：B 解析：地球绕太阳转是客观真理；宾语从句规则：从句为永恒真理时，不受主句过去时态影响，永远用一般现在时；主语 earth 单数，谓语用 moves。 8.He found that this kind of animal _ _ only in the north of China hundreds of years ago. A. lives B. lived C. live D. will live 答案：B 解析：从句内容 “这种动物数百年前栖息在中国北方” 是过去普通事实，不是客观真理，时态跟随主句 found（过去式），用 lived。 9.We can see _ rare plant seeds kept in the special seed bank around the world. A. all kind of B. all kinds of C. a kind of D. kind of 答案：B 解析：all kinds of + 可数名词复数，意为 “各种各样的”；A 拼写错误（kind 缺 s）；a kind of 一种；kind of 副词短语 “稍微”，不符合句意。 10.There is _ _ useful information about seed protection in this science book. A. all kinds of B. many C. a lot D. all kind of 答案：A 解析：information 为不可数名词；all kinds of 既可修饰可数复数，也可修饰不可数名词；many 只能修饰可数名词复数；a lot 后必须加 of；D 形式错误。 三、用所给词的适当形式填空 1.We should keep the environment in good (balance). 答案：balance 2. The (inspire) speech encouraged every student. 答案：inspiring 3. All the students (admire) those great pioneers for their courage. 答案：admire 4. The well-known (history) has studied ancient dynasties for 30 years. 答案：historian 5. That great (chemistry) discovered an important chemical element. 答案：chemist 6. The soldier got seriously (wound) in the terrible war. 答案：wounded 7. It is (necessity) for us to learn from brave people around us. 答案：necessary 8. His dream of being a biologist finally came (truth). 答案：true 9. Some old customs still (live) on in this western small village. 答案：live 10. Her happy (child) was spent in a quiet countryside. 答案：childhood 四、阅读理解 Vitoria Bueno: A Dancer Without Arms It's not easy to become a ballet(芭蕾舞) dancer, and it's even harder for a person without arms. However, Vitoria did it. She shines with her beautiful dance moves. Vitoria is from a small town in Brazil. She was born without arms in 2005. People in the town thought she was a strange girl and were curious (好奇的) to see her. To make her body stronger, her mom began to take her to ballet classes when she was five. This changed her life. She practiced hard and became a great dancer. The training of dancing also helped her to do everything with her feet, like brushing her teeth and washing her face. Over the past few years, Vitoria shared many videos of her dancing on social media(媒体). She even went to some talent shows and became more and more famous. For her, having no arms didn’t stop her to follow her dreams. If you watch her beautiful dance, it’s hard to notice that she is different. She said, “For me, arms, they are just a detail(细节). I follow with my eyes as if they were there.” She also said, “I don’t feel like I need them at all.” Vitoria’s story tells us that if you believe in yourself and never give up, anything is possible. 19. What does This mean in the reading? A. Brushing her teeth with her feet. B. Being born without arms. C. Going to the ballet classes. D. Becoming a famous ballet dancer. 20. Put the following information about Vitoria in the order they appear in the passage. a. How did Vitoria start dancing? b. What does Vitoria’s story tell us? c. Where is Vitoria from? d. What does Vitoria think about having no arms? A. a→d→b→c B. d→a→c→b C. c→a→d→b D. c→d→b→a 21. Which is true about Vitoria Bueno? A. People can watch her dance videos on her social media. B. People in her town used to go to her house to see her dance. C. Although she joined some talent shows, not many people know her. D. At first, she thought it was a big problem for her to dance without arms. 答案与详细解析 第19题 答案：C 解析：代词指代题遵循就近原则。原文第二段提到：妈妈在她五岁时带她去上芭蕾舞课，This changed her life. 由此可知 This 指代“上芭蕾舞课”这件事。 错项排除：A是舞蹈训练带来的技能；B是她的先天状况；D是后续结果，均不是 This 的指代内容。 第20题 答案：C 解析：文章行文顺序清晰： 1. c 介绍她的籍贯（来自巴西小镇）； 2. a 讲述她如何开始学习舞蹈； 3. d 介绍她对自己无臂的看法与心态； 4. b 结尾总结故事带给我们的启示。 正确顺序：c→a→d→b。 第21题 答案：A 解析：原文第三段明确提到她在社交媒体发布大量舞蹈视频，对应A选项正确。 错项排除： B：文中仅说明人们好奇打量她，没有去她家看跳舞； C：她参加才艺秀后越来越出名，并非无人知晓； D：全文体现她积极乐观的心态，从未觉得无臂跳舞是难题。 18 / 18 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 第02讲 Unit 2 Inspiring People （知识全梳理&考点精准练） 内容导航 01 预习航标→ 析目标·明方向：预习导航精准定向 02 教材全解 → 析教材·学新知：情境概念深度构 考点精讲：聚焦常考要点，讲清逻辑 例题精析：典型题目带路，学会解题思路 即练固基：趁热打铁练一练，巩固刚学内容 03过关检测 → 练考点·强落实：过关检测分层提 关键词 学习目标导航 学习目标 1.能认读、识记不同领域杰出人物相关职业名词、品质形容词，能结合人物识记相关成就类短语。 2.熟练掌握询问 / 谈论敬佩人物的核心交际句型：Who do you admire/look up to most?What makes him/her inspiring/admirable?It’s + 形容词 + of sb. to do sth.（评价人物品格句型） 3.在听力习题中精准抓取人物姓名、职业、关键成就、个人品质四类关键信息，完成匹配、填空、选词类听力任务。 4.能分组讨论自己敬佩的人物，结合人物事迹、优秀品质有条理阐述敬佩原因；能模仿对话进行角色扮演，完成人物介绍口头汇报。 学习重点 1.掌握谈论敬佩人物的核心问答句型与It’s + adj.+of sb. to do评价句式的灵活运用； 2.区分识记各行各业职业词汇，匹配不同名人对应的职业领域与标志性成就； 学习难点 1.整合人物生平、成就、优秀品质，逻辑连贯地用英语完整介绍一位励志人物； 2.在真实口语语境中，灵活选用 creative/brave/full of wisdom/never give up 等品质形容词佐证人物令人敬佩的理由； 1. She is full of courage and wisdom.她充满勇气与智慧。 【详解】 句型结构：主语 + be full of + 名词 含义：某人/某物充满……（多指品质、情绪、事物），同义短语：be filled with（中考常替换考点） 例如：The room is full of people.=The room is filled with people. 房间充满了人。 courage：名词，“勇气”，其动词为encourage“鼓励”encourage sb to do sth.鼓励某人做某事 【典例1】：(填空) The young girl ______ (be) full of hope for the future. 答案：is 解析：主语the young girl是第三人称单数，句子为一般现在时，因此be动词用is。 【典例2】My teacher often encourages me ______ brave enough to face difficulties in my study and life. A. be B. to be C. being D. is 答案：B 解析：本题考查固定短语 encourage sb. to do sth.（鼓励某人做某事），该结构为固定不定式搭配，是九年级核心高频考点。 【即练1】 改错：He full of confidence when he takes exams. 【即练2】 同义句转换：The room is filled with books.（用be full of改写） 2. It’s really very nice of him to support and encourage my exchange study here. 他很热心，支持并鼓励我来这里做交换学习。 【详解】句型结构：It’s + 品质形容词 + of sb. to do sth. 用法：用于评价人的性格、品质（nice, kind, good, foolish, brave等） 辨析：修饰人用of sb.；修饰事情用for sb.（重点中考易错点） 【典例】 It’s brave ______ him to save the child in the river. A. for B. of C. with D. in 答案：B 解析：brave（勇敢的）是形容人的品质，固定搭配It’s + 品质形容词 + of sb. to do sth.，故选B。 【即练1】It’s clever of her ______ (solve) the difficult problem quickly. 【即练2】改错：It’s important of you to keep working hard. 3. It was difficult for … to do that kind of work back in those days. 在那个年代，……做这类工作十分艰难。 【详解】句型结构：It was + 事物形容词 + for sb. to do sth. 用法：描述做某事对某人来说是……的（困难、容易、重要、必要等），形容词修饰事情，不修饰人 时态：was用于过去时，指代过去的事情；可替换为is（现在时） 【典例】 It ______ (be) easy for me to finish the homework yesterday. 答案：was 解析：yesterday为过去时间，句子用一般过去时，be动词用was。 【即练1】 It’s ______ for us to learn English well. We must keep practicing. A. kind B. difficult C. brave D. nice 【即练2】 It’s ______ for teenagers to develop good reading habits, which helps improve their written English a lot. A. careless B. valuable C. selfish D. humorous 【即练3】 It’s ______ to solve such a complicated physics problem without teacher’s help. Most students need guidance. A. honest B. impossible C. patient D. modest 4. It was amazing that … did research in physics and chemistry even though … 令人惊叹的是，尽管……，……仍坚持理化研究。 【详解】句型结构：It was amazing that + 完整句子 用法：it作形式主语，that从句为真正主语，用于感叹、赞美他人的惊人行为、成就，多用于过去事迹 拓展：amazing形容事物“令人惊叹的”，amazed形容人“感到惊叹的” 【典例】It was amazing that the great scientist lots of important inventions in poor living conditions. A. invents B. invented C. will invent D. invent 答案：B 解析：主句 was 为一般过去时，that 从句时态统一用一般过去时 invented。句意：令人惊叹的是，这位伟大的科学家在艰苦的生活条件下做出了许多重要发明。 【即练1】 —How did you feel about his success? — that he finished the difficult project all by himself. A. It amazed B. He was amazing C. It was amazing D. He was amazed 【即练2】It was amazing that so many works. A. he creates B. he created C. his creating D. him to create 【即练3】 ______ that the old scientist ______ over ten years carrying out secret experiments in remote areas. A. It was amazed; spent B. It was amazing; spent C. It was amazing; has spent D. It was amazed; had spent 5. It is important to him that everyone should show the same kindness and care to everyone else, whether they were family, friends, or strangers. 在他看来，无论亲人、朋友还是陌生人，人人都该同等友善、彼此关怀，这点至关重要。 【详解】句型结构：It is important to sb. that + 完整句子 辨析：important to sb. 对某人而言很重要（侧重人的观点、认知）；important for sb. 对某人有益、有必要（侧重事情作用） 【典例】 单选：It is important ______ teachers that students listen carefully in class. A. to B. for C. of D. with 答案：A 解析：侧重“在老师看来”的主观观点，用to sb.。 【即练1】 翻译：在他看来，坚持梦想至关重要。 【即练2】 It is important to us that we ______ (keep) our promise. 【即练3】改错：It is important for her that people respect each other. 6.There are all kinds of inspiring people around us, such as scientists, nurses and engineers. 我们身边有各种各样的励志人物，比如科学家、护士和工程师。 【详解】all kinds of + 可数名词复数 / 不可数名词，意为：各种各样的、形形色色的 1. 后接名词复数或不可数名词，不能接单数可数名词； 2. 侧重强调种类多、类型丰富，可修饰人或事物； 3. 同义替换：different kinds of（不同种类的）、many kinds of（许多种类的）。 例句1：We can see all kinds of flowers in the park.（可数复数） 例句2：He has all kinds of information about famous people.（不可数名词） 【典例】 The museum shows ______ old things and tells us stories of great people. A. all kind of B. all kinds of C. a kind of D. all kinds 答案：B 解析：正确固定搭配为 all kinds of 各种各样的；A形式错误，缺少s；D后面不能直接接名词。句意：这座博物馆展示各种各样的古物，为我们讲述伟人的故事。 【即练1】 There are ______ inspiring stories in this book. A. all kinds of B. all kind of C. kinds all of D. kind of 【即练2】 My teacher tells us ______ people have different dreams. A. all kinds of B. all kind C. kind of D. a kind 【即练3】 All kinds of new books ______ in our school library every year. A. appears B. appear C. is appearing D. was 7. He discovered that Earth moves around the sun. 他发现地球围绕太阳运转。 【详解】 单词辨析：discover 意为发现（原本客观存在、此前不为人知的事物、真理、规律），多用于科学发现、自然规律、客观事实场景；区别于 invent（发明，创造原本不存在的新事物）。 时态特点：discover 讲述过往的发现、科研成果，常用一般过去时 discovered。 从句时态规则： ① 若 that 从句为客观真理、自然规律、科学事实，无论主句是何种时态，从句永远用一般现在时； ② 若 that 从句为普通事件、非客观真理，从句时态跟随主句，主句过去时，从句用过去对应时态。 【典例1】 The scientist discovered that water ______ into steam when it boils. A. turned B. turns C. will turn D. has turned 答案：B 解析：that 后为客观科学规律（水沸腾变蒸汽），属于永恒真理，遵循“真理永一现”原则，不受主句过去时 discovered 影响，从句用一般现在时 turns。 【典例2】 Columbus ______ that there was a new continent in the west of the Atlantic Ocean. A. invented B. discovered C. created D. produced 答案：B 解析：本题考查动词词义辨析。discover 指发现原本存在的未知事物（新大陆原本存在）；invent 发明新事物，create 创造，produce 生产，均不符合语境。讲述过往发现，用过去式 discovered。 【即练1】 She discovered that most plants ______ faster in warm and wet environments. A. grow B. grew C. are growing D. have grown 【即练2】 The researcher discovered that the rare bird ______ only in the southern forests years ago. A. lives B. lived C. live D. will live 【即练3】 Which sentence is correct? A. He discovered that light traveled faster than sound. B. He has discovered that light travels faster than sound. C. He discovered that light travels faster than sound. D. He discovers that light traveled faster than sound. 一、单词拼写 1. The ______(鼓舞人心的) story makes us full of hope. 2. We all ______(钦佩) the hard-working scientists around us. 3. That ______(化学家) has found a new kind of material. 4. The great ______(物理学家) spent all his time on space research. 5. People’s life has changed a lot in one ______(世纪). 6. Yuan Longping is a ______(先驱) in hybrid rice. 7. It needs great ______(勇气) to tell the truth. 8. Be ______(勇敢的) when you meet troubles. 9. They do lots of ______(科学的) experiments every week. 10. The ______(探索) of the universe never stops. 二、单项选择 1.The little scientist _ full of new ideas when he does experiments in the lab. A. is B. are C. was D. were 2.Our head teacher always encourages us _ _ challenges bravely in our daily study. A. face B. to face C. facing D. faced 3.It’s wise _ _ him to give up bad habits. A. for B. of C. with D. at 4.It’s necessary _ students to finish homework on time every day. A. of B. to C. for D. in 5.It was amazing that the researcher _ _ lots of valuable achievements under hard living conditions years ago. A. makes B. made C. make D. will make 6.It is important _ _ most farmers that crops can grow well in warm weather. A. to B. for C. of D. on 7.The physicist found that the earth _ _ around the sun all the time. A. move B. moves C. moved D. will move 8.He found that this kind of animal _ _ only in the north of China hundreds of years ago. A. lives B. lived C. live D. will live 9.We can see _ rare plant seeds kept in the special seed bank around the world. A. all kind of B. all kinds of C. a kind of D. kind of 10.There is _ _ useful information about seed protection in this science book. A. all kinds of B. many C. a lot D. all kind of 三、用所给词的适当形式填空 1. We should keep the environment in good (balance). 2. The (inspire) speech encouraged every student. 3. All the students (admire) those great pioneers for their courage. 4. The well-known (history) has studied ancient dynasties for 30 years. 5. That great (chemistry) discovered an important chemical element. 6. The soldier got seriously (wound) in the terrible war. 7. It is (necessity) for us to learn from brave people around us. 8. His dream of being a biologist finally came (truth). 9. Some old customs still (live) on in this western small village. 10. Her happy (child) was spent in a quiet countryside. 四、阅读理解 Vitoria Bueno: A Dancer Without Arms It's not easy to become a ballet(芭蕾舞) dancer, and it's even harder for a person without arms. However, Vitoria did it. She shines with her beautiful dance moves. Vitoria is from a small town in Brazil. She was born without arms in 2005. People in the town thought she was a strange girl and were curious (好奇的) to see her. To make her body stronger, her mom began to take her to ballet classes when she was five. This changed her life. She practiced hard and became a great dancer. The training of dancing also helped her to do everything with her feet, like brushing her teeth and washing her face. Over the past few years, Vitoria shared many videos of her dancing on social media(媒体). She even went to some talent shows and became more and more famous. For her, having no arms didn’t stop her to follow her dreams. If you watch her beautiful dance, it’s hard to notice that she is different. She said, “For me, arms, they are just a detail(细节). I follow with my eyes as if they were there.” She also said, “I don’t feel like I need them at all.” Vitoria’s story tells us that if you believe in yourself and never give up, anything is possible. 19. What does This mean in the reading? A. Brushing her teeth with her feet. B. Being born without arms. C. Going to the ballet classes. D. Becoming a famous ballet dancer. 20. Put the following information about Vitoria in the order they appear in the passage. a. How did Vitoria start dancing? b. What does Vitoria’s story tell us? c. Where is Vitoria from? d. What does Vitoria think about having no arms? A. a→d→b→c B. d→a→c→b C. c→a→d→b D. c→d→b→a 21. Which is true about Vitoria Bueno? A. People can watch her dance videos on her social media. B. People in her town used to go to her house to see her dance. C. Although she joined some talent shows, not many people know her. D. At first, she thought it was a big problem for her to dance without arms. 18 / 18 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $