第03讲 Unit 3 Smart Learning（知识全梳理&考点精准练）（暑假预习讲义）新九年级英语新教材人教版

第03讲 Unit 3 Smart Learning （知识全梳理&考点精准练） 内容导航 01 预习航标→ 析目标·明方向：预习导航精准定向 02 教材全解 → 析教材·学新知：情境概念深度构 考点精讲：聚焦常考要点，讲清逻辑 例题精析：典型题目带路，学会解题思路 即练固基：趁热打铁练一练，巩固刚学内容 03过关检测 → 练考点·强落实：过关检测分层提 关键词 学习目标导航 学习目标 1.识记、认读各类和学习相关的短语搭配，积累描述学习习惯、学习方法的词汇。 2.听懂围绕「高效学习方法」的日常对话，抓取人物的英语学习举措、学习思路等关键信息。 3.围绕「如何提升主动学习能力、优秀学习者具备哪些特质」开展小组讨论，能用宾语从句表述自身学习看法、分享学习妙招。 4.掌握由that/if/whether引导的宾语从句，能在句子辨析、口头表达、写作中规范运用三类引导词。 学习重点 1.掌握单元核心话题：what makes a good learner / how to improve learning相关问答句式与话题表达。 2.扎实掌握 that/if/whether 引导的宾语从句用法，区分 if 与 whether 使用场景。 3.熟记高频学习类固定搭配，会在听说读写中灵活运用。 学习难点 1写作中融合宾语从句、学习类词组，流畅、有条理地介绍自身阅读习惯。 2.区分 if 和 whether 引导宾语从句的特殊使用限制，在不同语境下精准选用引导词。 1.But you see, I started out at zero and came across problems. 但你看，我从零开始学习，途中遇到过不少难题。 【详解】 1. start out 短语：动身；起步，开启（学习/事业），过去式started out； 2. come across 固定短语：偶然碰到、遭遇（困难/人）； 例句：I came across an old friend in the street yesterday. 昨天我在街上偶遇一位老朋友。 3. and并列连词，连接两个并列谓语(started、came across)，前后两个谓语动词时态保持一致（一般过去时）。 【典例1】 When he ______ as a writer, he often came across hard things. A. start out B. started out C. starts out 【答案】B 【解析】后半句came across为一般过去时，and并列时态统一，start变过去式started out；A原形，不符合、C三单时态错误。故答案选择B。 【典例2】 I ______ an old friend on my way home yesterday. A. came across B. come across C. will come across 【答案】A 【解析】句子中时间标志词yesterday昨天，为过去时间，谓语用过去式came across。 【即练1】 She ______ at learning piano at five and met many troubles.（用start变形） 【答案】started out 【解析】and后met是过去式，前半句时态一致，start→started。 【即练2】 He started out small, and ______ lots of challenges later. A. come across B. comes across C. came across 【答案】C 【解析】and连接并列谓语，started过去式，come也用过去式came。 2. I mean you just have to take things step by step. Start simple and build up.我的意思是你必须循序渐进，从简单内容入手慢慢积累。 【详解】 1. have to do sth. 不得不、必须做（客观需要，有人称时态变化）； 2. step by step 副词短语：一步步地，循序渐进；类似的短语还有： little by little（一点一点地、逐渐地） stage by stage（分阶段地、一步步地） one by one（一个接一个地、依次地） side by side（并肩地、一起地） day by day（日复一日地、一天天逐渐） bit by bit（一点一滴地、逐步地） step for step（步调一致地、同步地） 3. build up意思为： 逐步积累、逐步增强。例句：We should build up our bodies.我们应该增强体魄。 【典例1】 I mean that we ______ finish homework before dinner. A. have to B. has to C. having to 【答案】A 【解析】主语we，一般现在时，have to用原形；B三单搭配单数主语，C不能作谓语。 【典例2】 We can build up our vocabulary ______. A. step by step B. step to step C. steps by steps 【答案】A 【解析】根据句意：我们能够一步一步的积累词汇。固定搭配step by step（一步步），无B、C两种写法。 【即练1】 She means that she ______ give up her dream. A. doesn’t have to B. haven’t to C. don’t have to 【答案】A 【解析】主语she三单，否定用doesn’t have to。 【即练2】 It takes time to ______ good habits.（build短语） 【答案】build up 【解析】to后不定式用原形build up。 【即练3】 You learn grammar ______ instead of learning all at once. A. step by step B. a step by a step 【答案】A 【解析】固定短语，零冠词，只能step by step。 3. A book starts heavy and thick but becomes thinner as you understand it better. 书本刚开始厚重难懂，随着理解加深，就慢慢变薄了。 【详解】 1. start/become + 形容词：表达“变得如何”；此时， start/become为系动词，意思：变得……； 2. 比较级thinner：thin单音节，且为重读闭音节单词，变比较级双写n+er；than/as提示暗含对比的意思； 其他常见的需要双写的形容词比较级： big — bigger（更大的） fat — fatter（更胖的） hot — hotter（更热的） red — redder（更红的） wet — wetter（更湿的） sad — sadder（更难过的） glad — gladder（更高兴的） flat — flatter（更平的） 【典例1】 The weather ______ warm as spring comes. A. Become B. becomes C. becoming D. to become 【答案】B 【解析】weather属于不可数名词，按第三人称单数，谓语三单becomes。 【典例2】 He gets ______ after doing sports every day. A. thin B. thinner C. thinnest D. more thin 【答案】B 【解析】“在每天做了运动之后，他变的更瘦了”暗含和从前对比，用比较级thinner。 【即练1】 As you read more, your knowledge ______ richer. A. become B. becomes C. becoming D. to become 【答案】B 【解析】knowledge不可数名词，主语属于第三人称单数，谓语三单。 【即练2】 The box was thick but gets ______ after taking things out.（thin变形） 【答案】thinner 【解析】变得.......，属于和之前对比，前后对比，属于比较级。 4. As an active learner, Hua Luogeng stayed positive no matter what difficulties he met in his life and studies.作为积极的学习者，无论生活和学习遇到什么困难，华罗庚始终保持乐观。 【详解】 1. as + 身份名词：意为“作为……”，多用于句首，用来界定人物身份、职业、角色。 2. stay + 形容词：stay 此处为系动词，而非实义动词，含义为“保持某种状态”，后接形容词作表语；过去式和过去分词均为 stayed，同类系动词还有 keep、remain。 3. no matter what = whatever：意为“无论什么”，引导让步状语从句，可互换使用；no matter what 后接名词，在从句中可作主语、宾语，从句常用陈述语序。 例句：Whatever happens, I will always support you. 无论发生什么，我都会一直支持你。 =No matter what happens, I will always support you. 【典例1】 ______ a student, you should finish your tasks on time. A. As B. Because C. For D. Since 答案：A 解析：As 此处意为“作为”，后接身份名词 student，符合句意“作为一名学生，你应该按时完成任务”；Because、For、Since 均表“因为”，用于引导原因状语从句，逻辑和用法均不符合本题语境，故排除。 【典例2】 No matter ______ happens, never give up your dream. A. what B. that C. how D. which 答案：A 解析：固定结构 no matter what 意为“无论何事”，在从句中作主语，符合句子结构和句意；that 不能与 no matter 搭配，no matter how 后需接形容词/副词，no matter which 需指代特定事物，三者均不符合本题结构。 【即练1】 He ______ calm when facing trouble last year.（stay变形） 答案：stayed 解析：句中时间状语 last year（去年） 是一般过去时的标志，谓语动词需用过去式；stay 为规则系动词，过去式直接加 ed 变为 stayed，stay calm 为固定搭配“保持冷静”。 【即练2】 ______ (No matter what/No matter how) problems you have, ask teachers for help. 答案：No matter what 解析：what 修饰名词，how 修饰形容词/副词；本题空格后为名词 problems，因此用 No matter what；No matter how 后需接形容词或副词，不符合本题结构。 5. Everyone has the ability to learn.每个人都拥有学习的能力。 【详解】 1. everyone/everybody/nobody/someone 等不定代词作主语时，谓语动词必须用第三人称单数形式，是语法必考易错点。 2. the ability to do sth. 做某事的能力：固定万能搭配，动词不定式 to do 作后置定语，专门修饰抽象名词 ability，无 the ability doing 用法。 例句：Everyone has the ability to learn new things. 每个人都拥有学习新事物的能力。 He loses the ability to walk after the accident. 这场事故后他丧失了行走的能力。 【典例1】 Everyone ______ his own dream. A. have B. has C. having D. is 答案：B 解析：everyone 为不定代词，作主语视为单数，谓语动词用三单形式 has；have 为原形，having 是非谓语不能单独作谓语，is 语义不符，只有 has 符合语法规则。 【典例2】 I have the ability ______ English well. A. learn B. to learn C. learning D. learns 答案：B 解析：固定搭配 the ability to do sth.（做某事的能力），不定式作后置定语修饰 ability，为固定语法结构；learn、learning、learns 均无此搭配用法。 【即练1】 Nobody ______ the ability to finish it alone. A. has B. have C. having D. had 答案：A 解析：nobody（没有人）属于不定代词，遵循“不定代词作主语，谓语用三单”的规则，通用现在时用 has；have 原形、having 非谓语、had 过去式均不符合本题常态语境。 【即练1】 She shows the ability ______ draw beautiful pictures. 答案：to 解析：严格遵循固定搭配 the ability to do sth.，空格后为动词原形 draw，前面必须加不定式符号 to，构成后置定语。 6. Experts on the science of learning will tell you that anyone can become a successful learner.学习科学领域的专家会告诉你，任何人都能成为优秀的学习者。 【详解】 1. tell sb. + that 宾语从句：that 仅起连接作用，无实际含义，在口语和写作中可以省略，从句为完整陈述句。 2. anyone/anybody 不定代词，在宾语从句中作主语时，谓语动词、be 动词均用单数形式。 3. 词性变形必考组：success（n. 成功）→ succeed（v. 成功）→ successful（adj. 成功的）；形容词专门用于修饰名词。 例句： It's a great success.（n.）这是巨大的成功。 He succeeded in passing the exam.（v.）他成功通过了考试。 He is a successful writer.（adj. 修饰名词）他是一名成功的作家。 【典例1】 He is a ______ writer.（success变形） A. successful B. success C. succeed D. successfully 答案：A 解析：空格后为名词 writer（作家），需要形容词修饰名词；successful 是形容词（成功的），符合用法；success名词、succeed动词、successfully副词，均不能修饰名词，故排除。 【即练1】 She tells us that anybody ______ make progress. A. is able to B. are able to C. can able to D. be able to 答案：A 解析：anybody 为单数不定代词，作从句主语时，be 动词必须用单数 is；are 用于复数主语，can able to、be able to 均为语法错误结构，直接排除。 【即练2】 It’s hard to ______ without practice.（succeed变形） 答案：succeed 解析：固定句型 It’s + adj. + to do sth.，to 后必须接动词原形；succeed 为动词原形，符合要求；不可用名词 success 或形容词 successful。 7. However, many students do not realize this, and they have trouble learning.但很多学生意识不到这点，所以在学习上遇到困难。 【详解】 1. however 副词：表转折“然而、但是”，使用时必须用逗号与主句隔开，可放句首、句中、句末；区别于 but（连词，无逗号，直接连接句子）。 2.realize 实义动词：意为“意识到、领会”，否定形式需借助助动词 don’t/doesn’t/didn’t，后接动词原形。 3. have trouble (in) doing sth.：做某事有困难，固定搭配，介词 in 可省略，后面只能接动名词 doing，不接 to do、动词原形。 同类型用法：have problems/difficulty (in) doing sth. 【典例1】 I have trouble ______ new words. A. memorize B. memorizing C. to memorize D. memorizes 答案：B 解析：固定搭配 have trouble doing sth.（做某事有困难），是中考必考固定句型，其后只能接动名词形式；memorize原形、to memorize不定式、memorizes三单形式均不符合固定用法。 【典例2】 ______, he still finished the task. A. However B. But C. So D. Because 答案：A 解析：空格后有逗号，however 是副词，可单独使用、用逗号隔开，表转折；but连词后无逗号，so表结果，because表原因，三者均不符合句式结构和语境。 【即练1】 Do you have trouble ______ (speak) English? 答案：speaking 解析：遵循 have trouble doing sth. 固定搭配，无论句式为陈述句还是疑问句，后面均接动名词，speak 的动名词形式为 speaking。 【即练2】 Many people don’t ______ the importance of reading. A. realize B. realizes C. realizing D. realized 答案：A 解析：助动词 don’t/doesn’t/didn’t 后必须接动词原形，无三单、ing、过去式变形；因此直接用 realize，其余形式均为语法错误。 【即练3】 He has no trouble ______ finish the game. A. to B. / C. of D. with 答案：B 解析：have (no) trouble doing sth. 为固定搭配，中间不加不定式to，也不搭配of/with，直接接动名词，因此空格无需填词。 8. The more we practise, the better we learn.练习越多，学得越好。 【详解】 The + 比较级，the + 比较级：固定句型，意为“越……，越……”，前后两个比较级前必须都加 The，缺一不可；可搭配形容词、副词比较级，根据修饰对象选择。 【典例1】 ______ you read, ______ more knowledge you get. A. The more; the B. More; the C. The more; / D. More; / 答案：A 解析：严格遵循“the+比较级，the+比较级”固定句型，前后均需要加定冠词 The，构成完整句式，缺一不可，其余选项均不满足固定结构。 【典例2】 The ______ (careful) you write, the fewer mistakes you make. 答案：more carefully 解析：空格后修饰动词 write（书写），需要用副词；careful 是形容词，副词形式为 carefully，比较级为 more carefully，符合句式和修饰规则。 【即练1】 The harder you work, the ______ (happy) you will be. 答案：happier 解析：happy 为“辅元辅”结尾的重读闭音节单词，变比较级需双写末尾辅音字母 y，变 i 加 er，即 happier，适配固定句型。 【即练2】 ______ earlier you go to bed, ______ healthier you feel. 答案：The; the 解析：本题完全适配“the+比较级，the+比较级”句型，前后比较级 earlier、healthier 前均需加定冠词 The，为固定句式要求。 9. Since there are so many learning materials on the internet, it is important to think carefully and choose wisely to take advantage of the best tools and resources to learn wisely and efficiently.网上学习资料繁多，因此要慎重思考、理性挑选，充分利用优质工具和资源高效学习。 【详解】 1. since 连词：意为“由于、因为”，引导原因状语从句，侧重已知、显而易见的原因，语气比 because 弱。 2. It is + adj. + to do sth.：形式主语固定句型，it 为形式主语，真正的主语是后面的不定式 to do sth.。 3. take advantage of sth.：固定短语，意为“利用、充分运用”，介词固定搭配 of，不可替换。 例句：We should take advantage of the good weather to go hiking. 翻译：我们应该趁着好天气去徒步 【典例1】 ______ it rained, we put off the trip. A. Since B. But C. So D. Though 答案：A 解析：前半句“下雨”是后半句“推迟旅行”的原因，since引导原因状语从句，符合因果逻辑；but转折、so结果、though让步，逻辑均矛盾，直接排除。 【典例2】 It is important ______ time well. A. to take advantage of B. take advantage of C. taking advantage of D. takes advantage of 答案：A 解析：本题适配 It is + adj. + to do sth. 形式主语句型，必须用不定式to do结构作真正主语；动词原形、动名词、三单形式均不符合句型结构。 【即练1】 Since he is busy, he ______ come to the party. A. can’t B. can C. could D. couldn’t 答案：A 解析：since引导原因状语从句，前半句“他很忙”是原因，可推导出“无法参加派对”的结果；主句为一般现在时，用现在时否定can’t，can肯定、could/couldn’t过去式均不符合语境。 【即练2】 We should take advantage ______ every chance to study. 答案：of 解析：take advantage of 为固定必考搭配，介词只能用 of，后接名词或名词短语，表“利用某物/机会”。 【即练1】 It’s wise ______ use online resources. A. to B. for C. of D. with 答案：A 解析：本题为 It is + adj. + to do sth. 标准句型，形容词后接不定式to do作真正主语；for/of/with均不适配该固定语法结构，直接排除。 10. Because of my mother’s love of reading, our home is full of books on different subjects.因为妈妈酷爱阅读，家里摆满了各类学科的书籍。 【详解】 1. because vs because of 核心区别：because + 完整句子（连词）；because of + 名词/代词/名词短语（介词短语），不可混用。 2. be full of = be filled with：同义固定搭配，均意为“充满……”，注意介词搭配区别：full 配 of，filled 配 with。 例句： The box is full of books. = The box is filled with books. 这个箱子装满了书。 Her eyes are full of tears. = Her eyes are filled with tears. 她眼里饱含泪水。 【典例1】 He stayed at home ______ bad weather. A. because of B. because C. so D. since 答案：A 解析：空格后 bad weather 是名词短语，非完整句子，用because of；because后接完整句子，so表结果、since后接句子，三者均不符合本题结构。 【典例2】 The room ______ all kinds of books. A. is full of B. full of C. fills of D. is filled of 答案：A 解析：句子缺少谓语动词，be full of是完整谓语结构；full of无be动词不能作谓语，fills of、is filled of均为搭配错误，正确搭配为be filled with。 【即练1】 He cried ______ he failed the exam. A. because B. because of C. for D. with 答案：A 解析：空格后为完整主谓句子，需用连词because引导原因状语从句；because of后接名词短语，for/with表原因不接完整句子，均排除。 【即练2】 The bag is filled ______ fruits. A. with B. of C. in D. on 答案：A 解析：固定搭配辨析：be filled with、be full of；本题出现filled，只能搭配介词with，in/on无此搭配，of适配full，不符合本题结构。 11. Soon, I was reading by myself, and I found children’s books no longer kept me interested. 很快我开始自主阅读，渐渐对儿童读物失去了兴趣。 【详解】 1. by oneself：固定反身代词短语，意为“独自、单独、靠自己”，oneself 需随主语人称变化。 例句：She can cook by herself. 她能自己做饭。 2. find + (that) 宾语从句：that 可省略，从句时态需与主句时态保持一致。 例句：He found (that) the room was clean.（主过从过） 他发现房间很干净。 3. keep sb. + 形容词：使某人保持某种状态；-ed 形容词修饰人，-ing 形容词修饰物，为中考核心辨析点。 例句：The funny story keeps me excited.（excited 修饰人） 这个有趣的故事让我很兴奋。 【典例1】 She finished the work ______. A. by herself B. her C. herself D. by her 答案：A 解析：by herself为固定短语，表“她独自完成”；her不能作状语，herself单独使用无“独自”含义，by her为错误搭配，均不符合句意。 【典例2】 The movie kept us ______. A. interested B. interesting C. interest D. interests 答案：A 解析：us指代人，修饰人用-ed形容词interested（感到有趣的）；interesting修饰事物，interest/interests是名词，均不符合keep sb.+adj.的固定结构。 【即练1】 I can do my homework ______ (我自己). 答案：by myself 解析：主语为第一人称 I，对应的反身代词为 myself，固定搭配 by myself 表示“我独自、我自己”，完全匹配中文释义和句式。 【即练2】 The story keeps me ______ all day. A. excited B. exciting C. excite D. excitement 答案：A 解析：空格修饰宾语me（人），用excited（感到兴奋的）；exciting修饰事物，excite是动词，excitement是名词，均不满足keep sb.+adj.的用法。 【即练3】 I found that the game ______ (keep) me busy last Sunday. 答案：kept 解析：主句谓语 found 为 find 的过去式，且句中有过去时间状语 last Sunday，根据时态一致原则，从句谓语动词也需用过去式 kept。 一、单词拼写 1. It’s a good learning ______(策略) to read English aloud every morning. 答案：strategy 2. Could you ______(总结) the main idea of this passage? 答案：summarize 3. This new ______(方法) helps me improve my pronunciation quickly. 答案：method 4. The teacher gives us useful ______(指导) on how to learn grammar well. 答案：guidance 5. We have plenty of learning ______(资源) on the Internet now. 答案：resource 6. It’s an ______(优势) to speak English well in modern society. 答案：advantage 7. Please ______(推迟) our English experiment till next Friday. 答案：put off 8. Can you tell me the correct ______(发音) of this new word? 答案：pronunciation 9. The ______(最新的) textbook has many practical learning activities. 答案：recent 10. It’s an ______(有趣的) way to learn English by listening to podcasts. 答案：enjoyable 二、单项选择 1. ______ bad weather, they put off the outdoor activity. A. Because　B. Because of　C. Since　D. As 答案：B 解析：译：由于糟糕的天气，他们推迟了户外活动。because / since / as 是连词，后面必须加完整句子（主谓）；because of 是介词短语，后面接名词 / 名词短语；bad weather（坏天气）是名词短语，因此用 because of。 2. The ______ you practise English, the ______ progress you will make. A. more; more　B. much; many　C. most; most　D. more; many 答案：A 解析：译：你练习英语越多，取得的进步就越大。固定句型：the + 比较级，the + 比较级 → 越……，就越……much 的比较级是 more；make more progress取得更大进步。 3. I have trouble ______ new English words every morning. A. memorize　B. memorizing　C. to memorize　D. memorized 答案：B 解析：固定搭配：have trouble (in) doing sth. 做某事有困难，in 可省略，后跟动名词 doing。 4. As ______ learner, you should stay positive all the time. A. an active　B. active　C. a active　D. actively 答案：A 解析：作为一名积极的学习者，你应该始终保持乐观。① learner 是可数名词单数，前面必须加冠词 a/an； ② active /ˈæktɪv/ 元音音素开头，用an；③ actively 是副词，不能修饰名词 learner。 5. Everyone ______ the ability to learn new things well. A. has　B. have　C. having　D. had 答案：A 解析：每个人都拥有学好新事物的能力。 everyone（每个人）作主语，谓语动词用第三人称单数；本句讲述客观事实，用一般现在时，have 三单→has。 6. It is important ______ take advantage of learning resources online. A. to　B. for　C. of　D. at 答案：A 解析：充分利用网上学习资源很重要。固定句型：It is + 形容词 + to do sth.it 作形式主语，to do 不定式是真正主语。 7. No matter ______ difficulty you meet, never give up easily. A. what　B. how　C. which　D. when 答案：A 解析：“无论遇到什么困难，都别轻易放弃。”what + 名词（difficulty 名词）：no matter what difficulty 无论什么困难；how 后接形容词 / 副词，不能直接加名词；no matter what = whatever。 8. She finished all the tasks ______ after three months’ hard work. A. step by step　B. step to step　C. steps by steps　D. a step a step 答案：A 解析：固定短语 step by step 一步步，逐步地，其余三种搭配均为错误表达。 译：经过三个月努力，她一步步完成了所有任务。 9. He ______ an old friend when he walked to the library yesterday. A. came across　B. comes across　C. come across　D. will come across 答案：A 解析：时间标志词**yesterday（昨天）**→一般过去时，come 过去式 came；come across：偶遇。 译：昨天走去图书馆的时候，他偶遇了一位老朋友。 10. The funny show kept all of us ______. A. interested　B. interesting　C. interest　D. interests 答案：A 解析：“这场有趣的演出让我们所有人兴致盎然。”-ed 形容词 (interested)：修饰人，表示 “（人）感到感兴趣的”；-ing 形容词 (interesting)：修饰事物，表示 “令人感兴趣的”；固定：keep sb.+adj. 使某人保持…… 状态。 三、完形填空 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出一个能填入文中相应空白处的最佳答案。 One windy spring afternoon, a father and his daughter went to Longtan Park. When they ___11___ there were already many adults and their children playing in the park. When the daughter saw the sky filled with colourful kites in different shapes, she was ___12___ and wanted to get one too. Her father agreed to buy one for her. So they went to a kite ___13___ and chose a beautiful one. With the string (线) in hand, the daughter started flying the kite. Soon, the kite was high up in the sky. After a while, the daughter said, “Dad, it ___14___ that the string is stopping the kite from flying higher. If we cut it, it will be free and fly even ___15___. Can we cut it?” The father didn’t ___16___, but just cut the string off. Suddenly, the kite began to go higher and it made the daughter much happier. However, to her surprise, the kite was coming down. They waited for quite some time. Slowly, it fell onto the ground. The daughter felt upset and asked, “I thought that after cutting the string, the kite would fly higher. ___17___ did it fall down?” The father smiled and said, “Dear, the string was not stopping the kite ___18___ flying higher, but helping it stay in the sky, because the kite itself can’t fly up. By using the string we help the kite go up in the right direction. When we cut the string, it could not support the kite.” So in our life, we may ___19___ feel like there are certain things that are holding us back and stopping us from growing. But in fact, these might be the things that ___20___ us instead. We really grow up and become stronger by realizing the importance of them. 11. A. passed B. got C. played D. arrived 12. A. worried B. angry C. excited D. afraid 13. A. shop B. station C. classroom D. company 14. A. looks B. seems C. sounds D. finds 15. A. high B. more high C. higher D. highest 16. A. hear B. see C. ask D. reply 17. A. How B. Where C. Why D. When 18. A. in B. to C. at D. from 19 A. sometimes B. hardly C. never D. seldom 20. A. limit B. support C. refuse D. disagree 【答案】11. D 12. C 13. A 14. B 15. C 16. D 17. C 18. D 19. A 20. B 【解析】 【导语】本文主要讲述了一位父亲按照女儿的要求剪断了风筝线，一开始风筝飞得很高，但是后来风筝就掉下来了，父亲以此告诉孩子，有些东西看似阻碍了我们，但是正是这些东西支撑着我们前进。 【11题详解】 句意：当他们到达那里时，已经有许多大人和他们的孩子在公园里玩了。 passed通过；got得到；played玩；arrived到达。根据空后的there可知，此处表示到达那里。故选D。 【12题详解】 句意：当女儿看到天空中充满了不同形状的彩色风筝时，她很兴奋，也想得到一只。 worried担心的；angry生气的；excited兴奋的；afraid害怕的。根据上文“When the daughter saw the sky filled with colourful kites in different shapes”可推知，看到这么多风筝女儿感到很兴奋。故选C。 【13题详解】 句意：所以他们去了一家风筝店，选择了一个漂亮的风筝。 shop店；station车站；classroom教室；company公司。根据上文“Her father agreed to buy one for her.”可知，女孩的父亲答应给她买风筝，所以此处指风筝店。故选A。 【14题详解】 句意：爸爸，似乎线在阻止风筝飞得更高。 looks看；seems似乎；sounds听起来；finds发现。根据选项和“it...that the string is stopping the kite from flying higher”可知，此处表示似乎线在阻止风筝飞得更高。故选B。 【15题详解】 句意：如果我们剪断它，它就会自由，飞得更高。 high高；more high错误表达；higher更高；highest最高。根据下文“I thought that after cutting the string, the kite would fly higher.”可知，女孩认为剪断风筝线能够让风筝飞得更高。此处应用high的比较级higher。故选C。 【16题详解】 句意：父亲没有回答，只是剪断了线。 hear听见；see看见；ask要求；reply回答。根据“Can we cut it?”和“but just cut the string off”可知，此处表示父亲没有回答女儿的问题。故选D。 【17题详解】 句意：它为什么会掉下来？ How如何；Where在哪里；Why为什么；When什么时候。根据上文“I thought that after cutting the string, the kite would fly higher.”可知，女孩本以为剪断风筝线能够让它飞得更高，但是它却掉下来了，所以女孩询问父亲这是为什么。故选C。 【18题详解】 句意：亲爱的，线并没有阻止风筝飞得更高，而是帮助它留在空中，因为风筝本身飞不起来。 in在……里面；to到；at在；from来自。根据“the string was not stopping the kite...flying higher”可知，此处表示线并没有阻止风筝飞得更高。stop sb. from doing sth.意为“阻止某人做某事”。故选D。 【19题详解】 句意：因此，在我们的生活中，我们有时会觉得有某些东西在阻碍我们成长。 sometimes有时；hardly几乎不；never从不；seldom很少。根据上文女孩说的话“the string is stopping the kite from flying higher”可知，此处表示我们有时会觉得有某些东西在阻碍我们成长。故选A。 【20题详解】 句意：但事实上，这些反而可能是支持我们的东西。 limit限制；support支持；refuse拒绝；disagree不同意。根据上文“When we cut the string, it could not support the kite.”可推知，此处表示有些看起来阻碍我们的东西，实际上在支持我们。故选B。 18 / 18 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 第03讲 Unit 3 Smart Learning （知识全梳理&考点精准练） 内容导航 01 预习航标→ 析目标·明方向：预习导航精准定向 02 教材全解 → 析教材·学新知：情境概念深度构 考点精讲：聚焦常考要点，讲清逻辑 例题精析：典型题目带路，学会解题思路 即练固基：趁热打铁练一练，巩固刚学内容 03过关检测 → 练考点·强落实：过关检测分层提 关键词 学习目标导航 学习目标 1.识记、认读各类和学习相关的短语搭配，积累描述学习习惯、学习方法的词汇。 2.听懂围绕「高效学习方法」的日常对话，抓取人物的英语学习举措、学习思路等关键信息。 3.围绕「如何提升主动学习能力、优秀学习者具备哪些特质」开展小组讨论，能用宾语从句表述自身学习看法、分享学习妙招。 4.掌握由that/if/whether引导的宾语从句，能在句子辨析、口头表达、写作中规范运用三类引导词。 学习重点 1.掌握单元核心话题：what makes a good learner / how to improve learning相关问答句式与话题表达。 2.扎实掌握 that/if/whether 引导的宾语从句用法，区分 if 与 whether 使用场景。 3.熟记高频学习类固定搭配，会在听说读写中灵活运用。 学习难点 1写作中融合宾语从句、学习类词组，流畅、有条理地介绍自身阅读习惯。 2.区分 if 和 whether 引导宾语从句的特殊使用限制，在不同语境下精准选用引导词。 1.But you see, I started out at zero and came across problems. 但你看，我从零开始学习，途中遇到过不少难题。 【详解】 1. start out 短语：动身；起步，开启（学习/事业），过去式started out； 2. come across 固定短语：偶然碰到、遭遇（困难/人）； 例句：I came across an old friend in the street yesterday. 昨天我在街上偶遇一位老朋友。 3. and并列连词，连接两个并列谓语(started、came across)，前后两个谓语动词时态保持一致（一般过去时）。 【典例1】 When he ______ as a writer, he often came across hard things. A. start out B. started out C. starts out 【答案】B 【解析】后半句came across为一般过去时，and并列时态统一，start变过去式started out；A原形，不符合、C三单时态错误。故答案选择B。 【典例2】 I ______ an old friend on my way home yesterday. A. came across B. come across C. will come across 【答案】A 【解析】句子中时间标志词yesterday昨天，为过去时间，谓语用过去式came across。 【即练1】 She ______ at learning piano at five and met many troubles.（用start变形） 【即练2】 He started out small, and ______ lots of challenges later. A. come across B. comes across C. came across 2. I mean you just have to take things step by step. Start simple and build up.我的意思是你必须循序渐进，从简单内容入手慢慢积累。 【详解】 1. have to do sth. 不得不、必须做（客观需要，有人称时态变化）； 2. step by step 副词短语：一步步地，循序渐进；类似的短语还有： little by little（一点一点地、逐渐地） stage by stage（分阶段地、一步步地） one by one（一个接一个地、依次地） side by side（并肩地、一起地） day by day（日复一日地、一天天逐渐） bit by bit（一点一滴地、逐步地） step for step（步调一致地、同步地） 3. build up意思为： 逐步积累、逐步增强。例句：We should build up our bodies.我们应该增强体魄。 【典例1】 I mean that we ______ finish homework before dinner. A. have to B. has to C. having to 【答案】A 【解析】主语we，一般现在时，have to用原形；B三单搭配单数主语，C不能作谓语。 【典例2】 We can build up our vocabulary ______. A. step by step B. step to step C. steps by steps 【答案】A 【解析】根据句意：我们能够一步一步的积累词汇。固定搭配step by step（一步步），无B、C两种写法。 【即练1】 She means that she ______ give up her dream. A. doesn’t have to B. haven’t to C. don’t have to 【即练2】 It takes time to ______ good habits.（build短语） 【即练3】 You learn grammar ______ instead of learning all at once. A. step by step B. a step by a step 3. A book starts heavy and thick but becomes thinner as you understand it better. 书本刚开始厚重难懂，随着理解加深，就慢慢变薄了。 【详解】 1. start/become + 形容词：表达“变得如何”；此时， start/become为系动词，意思：变得……； 2. 比较级thinner：thin单音节，且为重读闭音节单词，变比较级双写n+er；than/as提示暗含对比的意思； 其他常见的需要双写的形容词比较级： big — bigger（更大的） fat — fatter（更胖的） hot — hotter（更热的） red — redder（更红的） wet — wetter（更湿的） sad — sadder（更难过的） glad — gladder（更高兴的） flat — flatter（更平的） 【典例1】 The weather ______ warm as spring comes. A. Become B. becomes C. becoming D. to become 【答案】B 【解析】weather属于不可数名词，按第三人称单数，谓语三单becomes。 【典例2】 He gets ______ after doing sports every day. A. thin B. thinner C. thinnest D. more thin 【答案】B 【解析】“在每天做了运动之后，他变的更瘦了”暗含和从前对比，用比较级thinner。 【即练1】 As you read more, your knowledge ______ richer. A. become B. becomes C. becoming D. to become 【即练2】 The box was thick but gets ______ after taking things out.（thin变形） 4. As an active learner, Hua Luogeng stayed positive no matter what difficulties he met in his life and studies.作为积极的学习者，无论生活和学习遇到什么困难，华罗庚始终保持乐观。 【详解】 1. as + 身份名词：意为“作为……”，多用于句首，用来界定人物身份、职业、角色。 2. stay + 形容词：stay 此处为系动词，而非实义动词，含义为“保持某种状态”，后接形容词作表语；过去式和过去分词均为 stayed，同类系动词还有 keep、remain。 3. no matter what = whatever：意为“无论什么”，引导让步状语从句，可互换使用；no matter what 后接名词，在从句中可作主语、宾语，从句常用陈述语序。 例句：Whatever happens, I will always support you. 无论发生什么，我都会一直支持你。 =No matter what happens, I will always support you. 【典例1】 ______ a student, you should finish your tasks on time. A. As B. Because C. For D. Since 答案：A 解析：As 此处意为“作为”，后接身份名词 student，符合句意“作为一名学生，你应该按时完成任务”；Because、For、Since 均表“因为”，用于引导原因状语从句，逻辑和用法均不符合本题语境，故排除。 【典例2】 No matter ______ happens, never give up your dream. A. what B. that C. how D. which 答案：A 解析：固定结构 no matter what 意为“无论何事”，在从句中作主语，符合句子结构和句意；that 不能与 no matter 搭配，no matter how 后需接形容词/副词，no matter which 需指代特定事物，三者均不符合本题结构。 【即练1】 He ______ calm when facing trouble last year.（stay变形） 【即练2】 ______ (No matter what/No matter how) problems you have, ask teachers for help. 5. Everyone has the ability to learn.每个人都拥有学习的能力。 【详解】 1. everyone/everybody/nobody/someone 等不定代词作主语时，谓语动词必须用第三人称单数形式，是语法必考易错点。 2. the ability to do sth. 做某事的能力：固定万能搭配，动词不定式 to do 作后置定语，专门修饰抽象名词 ability，无 the ability doing 用法。 例句：Everyone has the ability to learn new things. 每个人都拥有学习新事物的能力。 He loses the ability to walk after the accident. 这场事故后他丧失了行走的能力。 【典例1】 Everyone ______ his own dream. A. have B. has C. having D. is 答案：B 解析：everyone 为不定代词，作主语视为单数，谓语动词用三单形式 has；have 为原形，having 是非谓语不能单独作谓语，is 语义不符，只有 has 符合语法规则。 【典例2】 I have the ability ______ English well. A. learn B. to learn C. learning D. learns 答案：B 解析：固定搭配 the ability to do sth.（做某事的能力），不定式作后置定语修饰 ability，为固定语法结构；learn、learning、learns 均无此搭配用法。 【即练1】 Nobody ______ the ability to finish it alone. A. has B. have C. having D. had 【即练1】 She shows the ability ______ draw beautiful pictures. 6. Experts on the science of learning will tell you that anyone can become a successful learner.学习科学领域的专家会告诉你，任何人都能成为优秀的学习者。 【详解】 1. tell sb. + that 宾语从句：that 仅起连接作用，无实际含义，在口语和写作中可以省略，从句为完整陈述句。 2. anyone/anybody 不定代词，在宾语从句中作主语时，谓语动词、be 动词均用单数形式。 3. 词性变形必考组：success（n. 成功）→ succeed（v. 成功）→ successful（adj. 成功的）；形容词专门用于修饰名词。 例句： It's a great success.（n.）这是巨大的成功。 He succeeded in passing the exam.（v.）他成功通过了考试。 He is a successful writer.（adj. 修饰名词）他是一名成功的作家。 【典例1】 He is a ______ writer.（success变形） A. successful B. success C. succeed D. successfully 答案：A 解析：空格后为名词 writer（作家），需要形容词修饰名词；successful 是形容词（成功的），符合用法；success名词、succeed动词、successfully副词，均不能修饰名词，故排除。 【即练1】 She tells us that anybody ______ make progress. A. is able to B. are able to C. can able to D. be able to 【即练2】 It’s hard to ______ without practice.（succeed变形） 7. However, many students do not realize this, and they have trouble learning.但很多学生意识不到这点，所以在学习上遇到困难。 【详解】 1. however 副词：表转折“然而、但是”，使用时必须用逗号与主句隔开，可放句首、句中、句末；区别于 but（连词，无逗号，直接连接句子）。 2.realize 实义动词：意为“意识到、领会”，否定形式需借助助动词 don’t/doesn’t/didn’t，后接动词原形。 3. have trouble (in) doing sth.：做某事有困难，固定搭配，介词 in 可省略，后面只能接动名词 doing，不接 to do、动词原形。 同类型用法：have problems/difficulty (in) doing sth. 【典例1】 I have trouble ______ new words. A. memorize B. memorizing C. to memorize D. memorizes 答案：B 解析：固定搭配 have trouble doing sth.（做某事有困难），是中考必考固定句型，其后只能接动名词形式；memorize原形、to memorize不定式、memorizes三单形式均不符合固定用法。 【典例2】 ______, he still finished the task. A. However B. But C. So D. Because 答案：A 解析：空格后有逗号，however 是副词，可单独使用、用逗号隔开，表转折；but连词后无逗号，so表结果，because表原因，三者均不符合句式结构和语境。 【即练1】 Do you have trouble ______ (speak) English? 【即练2】 Many people don’t ______ the importance of reading. A. realize B. realizes C. realizing D. realized 【即练3】 He has no trouble ______ finish the game. A. to B. / C. of D. with 8. The more we practise, the better we learn.练习越多，学得越好。 【详解】 The + 比较级，the + 比较级：固定句型，意为“越……，越……”，前后两个比较级前必须都加 The，缺一不可；可搭配形容词、副词比较级，根据修饰对象选择。 【典例1】 ______ you read, ______ more knowledge you get. A. The more; the B. More; the C. The more; / D. More; / 答案：A 解析：严格遵循“the+比较级，the+比较级”固定句型，前后均需要加定冠词 The，构成完整句式，缺一不可，其余选项均不满足固定结构。 【典例2】 The ______ (careful) you write, the fewer mistakes you make. 答案：more carefully 解析：空格后修饰动词 write（书写），需要用副词；careful 是形容词，副词形式为 carefully，比较级为 more carefully，符合句式和修饰规则。 【即练1】 The harder you work, the ______ (happy) you will be. 【即练2】 ______ earlier you go to bed, ______ healthier you feel. 9. Since there are so many learning materials on the internet, it is important to think carefully and choose wisely to take advantage of the best tools and resources to learn wisely and efficiently.网上学习资料繁多，因此要慎重思考、理性挑选，充分利用优质工具和资源高效学习。 【详解】 1. since 连词：意为“由于、因为”，引导原因状语从句，侧重已知、显而易见的原因，语气比 because 弱。 2. It is + adj. + to do sth.：形式主语固定句型，it 为形式主语，真正的主语是后面的不定式 to do sth.。 3. take advantage of sth.：固定短语，意为“利用、充分运用”，介词固定搭配 of，不可替换。 例句：We should take advantage of the good weather to go hiking. 翻译：我们应该趁着好天气去徒步 【典例1】 ______ it rained, we put off the trip. A. Since B. But C. So D. Though 答案：A 解析：前半句“下雨”是后半句“推迟旅行”的原因，since引导原因状语从句，符合因果逻辑；but转折、so结果、though让步，逻辑均矛盾，直接排除。 【典例2】 It is important ______ time well. A. to take advantage of B. take advantage of C. taking advantage of D. takes advantage of 答案：A 解析：本题适配 It is + adj. + to do sth. 形式主语句型，必须用不定式to do结构作真正主语；动词原形、动名词、三单形式均不符合句型结构。 【即练1】 Since he is busy, he ______ come to the party. A. can’t B. can C. could D. couldn’t 【即练2】 We should take advantage ______ every chance to study. 【即练1】 It’s wise ______ use online resources. A. to B. for C. of D. with 10. Because of my mother’s love of reading, our home is full of books on different subjects.因为妈妈酷爱阅读，家里摆满了各类学科的书籍。 【详解】 1. because vs because of 核心区别：because + 完整句子（连词）；because of + 名词/代词/名词短语（介词短语），不可混用。 2. be full of = be filled with：同义固定搭配，均意为“充满……”，注意介词搭配区别：full 配 of，filled 配 with。 例句： The box is full of books. = The box is filled with books. 这个箱子装满了书。 Her eyes are full of tears. = Her eyes are filled with tears. 她眼里饱含泪水。 【典例1】 He stayed at home ______ bad weather. A. because of B. because C. so D. since 答案：A 解析：空格后 bad weather 是名词短语，非完整句子，用because of；because后接完整句子，so表结果、since后接句子，三者均不符合本题结构。 【典例2】 The room ______ all kinds of books. A. is full of B. full of C. fills of D. is filled of 答案：A 解析：句子缺少谓语动词，be full of是完整谓语结构；full of无be动词不能作谓语，fills of、is filled of均为搭配错误，正确搭配为be filled with。 【即练1】 He cried ______ he failed the exam. A. because B. because of C. for D. with 【即练2】 The bag is filled ______ fruits. A. with B. of C. in D. on 11. Soon, I was reading by myself, and I found children’s books no longer kept me interested. 很快我开始自主阅读，渐渐对儿童读物失去了兴趣。 【详解】 1. by oneself：固定反身代词短语，意为“独自、单独、靠自己”，oneself 需随主语人称变化。 例句：She can cook by herself. 她能自己做饭。 2. find + (that) 宾语从句：that 可省略，从句时态需与主句时态保持一致。 例句：He found (that) the room was clean.（主过从过） 他发现房间很干净。 3. keep sb. + 形容词：使某人保持某种状态；-ed 形容词修饰人，-ing 形容词修饰物，为中考核心辨析点。 例句：The funny story keeps me excited.（excited 修饰人） 这个有趣的故事让我很兴奋。 【典例1】 She finished the work ______. A. by herself B. her C. herself D. by her 答案：A 解析：by herself为固定短语，表“她独自完成”；her不能作状语，herself单独使用无“独自”含义，by her为错误搭配，均不符合句意。 【典例2】 The movie kept us ______. A. interested B. interesting C. interest D. interests 答案：A 解析：us指代人，修饰人用-ed形容词interested（感到有趣的）；interesting修饰事物，interest/interests是名词，均不符合keep sb.+adj.的固定结构。 【即练1】 I can do my homework ______ (我自己). 【即练2】 The story keeps me ______ all day. A. excited B. exciting C. excite D. excitement 【即练3】 I found that the game ______ (keep) me busy last Sunday. 一、单词拼写 1. It’s a good learning ______(策略) to read English aloud every morning. 2. Could you ______(总结) the main idea of this passage? 3. This new ______(方法) helps me improve my pronunciation quickly. 4. The teacher gives us useful ______(指导) on how to learn grammar well. 5. We have plenty of learning ______(资源) on the Internet now. 6. It’s an ______(优势) to speak English well in modern society. 7. Please ______(推迟) our English experiment till next Friday. 8. Can you tell me the correct ______(发音) of this new word? 9. The ______(最新的) textbook has many practical learning activities. 10. It’s an ______(有趣的) way to learn English by listening to podcasts. 二、单项选择 1. ______ bad weather, they put off the outdoor activity. A. Because　B. Because of　C. Since　D. As 2. The ______ you practise English, the ______ progress you will make. A. more; more　B. much; many　C. most; most　D. more; many 3. I have trouble ______ new English words every morning. A. memorize　B. memorizing　C. to memorize　D. memorized 4. As ______ learner, you should stay positive all the time. A. an active　B. active　C. a active　D. actively 5. Everyone ______ the ability to learn new things well. A. has　B. have　C. having　D. had 6. It is important ______ take advantage of learning resources online. A. to　B. for　C. of　D. at 7. No matter ______ difficulty you meet, never give up easily. A. what　B. how　C. which　D. when 8. She finished all the tasks ______ after three months’ hard work. A. step by step　B. step to step　C. steps by steps　D. a step a step 9. He ______ an old friend when he walked to the library yesterday. A. came across　B. comes across　C. come across　D. will come across 10. The funny show kept all of us ______. A. interested　B. interesting　C. interest　D. interests 三、完形填空 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出一个能填入文中相应空白处的最佳答案。 One windy spring afternoon, a father and his daughter went to Longtan Park. When they ___11___ there were already many adults and their children playing in the park. When the daughter saw the sky filled with colourful kites in different shapes, she was ___12___ and wanted to get one too. Her father agreed to buy one for her. So they went to a kite ___13___ and chose a beautiful one. With the string (线) in hand, the daughter started flying the kite. Soon, the kite was high up in the sky. After a while, the daughter said, “Dad, it ___14___ that the string is stopping the kite from flying higher. If we cut it, it will be free and fly even ___15___. Can we cut it?” The father didn’t ___16___, but just cut the string off. Suddenly, the kite began to go higher and it made the daughter much happier. However, to her surprise, the kite was coming down. They waited for quite some time. Slowly, it fell onto the ground. The daughter felt upset and asked, “I thought that after cutting the string, the kite would fly higher. ___17___ did it fall down?” The father smiled and said, “Dear, the string was not stopping the kite ___18___ flying higher, but helping it stay in the sky, because the kite itself can’t fly up. By using the string we help the kite go up in the right direction. When we cut the string, it could not support the kite.” So in our life, we may ___19___ feel like there are certain things that are holding us back and stopping us from growing. But in fact, these might be the things that ___20___ us instead. We really grow up and become stronger by realizing the importance of them. 11. A. passed B. got C. played D. arrived 12. A. worried B. angry C. excited D. afraid 13. A. shop B. station C. classroom D. company 14. A. looks B. seems C. sounds D. finds 15. A. high B. more high C. higher D. highest 16. A. hear B. see C. ask D. reply 17. A. How B. Where C. Why D. When 18. A. in B. to C. at D. from 19. A. sometimes B. hardly C. never D. seldom 20. A. limit B. support C. refuse D. disagree 18 / 18 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $