暑假衔接第08讲Unit 3 Smart Learning（词汇与语法）-2026-2027学年人教版英语九年级全一册

新九年级英语暑假衔接讲义 （人教版） ━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━ 第08讲 九上 Unit 3 Smart Learning（词汇与语法） 适用年级：新九年级（八升九） 教材版本：人教版（九年级全一册） 内容说明：学习九上 Unit 3 核心词汇、短语和定语从句、疑问词+不定式语法点 一、重点词汇梳理 Unit 3 Smart Learning 英文 中文 learner 学习者 flashcard 闪卡；学习卡片 project 项目；课题 website 网站 experiment 实验 dictionary 词典 dialogue 对话 speed 速度 grammar 语法 podcast 播客 英文 中文 strategy 策略 method 方法 growth 成长；增长 mindset 思维模式；心态 material 材料；资料 guidance 指导 feedback 反馈 addition 增加；添加 resource 资源 textbook 教科书 advantage 优势 pronunciation 发音 【易错点拨】learn既可作及物动词（learn sth），也可作不及物动词（learn from sb）。learner是名词，意为“学习者”。 【易错点拨】pronunciation是名词，动词是pronounce，注意拼写区别：pronunciation没有字母“o”。 【易错点拨】feedback是不可数名词，不能说a feedback，要用a piece of feedback。 扩展词汇 英文 中文 magazine 杂志 shelf 书架；搁板 schoolwork 学业；课业 print 打印；印刷 newspaper 报纸 e-book 电子书 hands-on 亲身实践的 aloud 大声地 【易错点拨】aloud是副词，放在动词后面：read aloud（大声朗读）。注意与loudly的区别：aloud强调“出声”，loudly强调“大声地”。 【易错点拨】hands-on是复合形容词，意为“亲身实践的”，常用作定语：hands-on experience（实践经验）。 核心动词与形容词 英文 中文 suit 适合 suggest 建议 summarize 总结；概括 click 点击 general 一般的；总的 zero 零 actively 积极地 enjoyable 令人愉快的 correct 正确的；纠正 efficiently 高效地 recent 最近的 【易错点拨】suggest doing sth（建议做某事），suggest that sb (should) do sth（建议某人做某事）。注意suggest后不用suggest sb to do。 【易错点拨】general常用于in general（总的来说）。correct既是形容词也是动词：a correct answer（正确的答案）/ Please correct me（请纠正我）。 二、重点短语归纳 短语 含义 说明 look up 查阅；查找 look up a word in the dictionary in general 总的来说 常用于句首，对整个陈述进行概括 come across 偶然遇到 = run into, come across a new word step by step 一步一步地 副词短语，作状语 build up 建立；增强 build up confidence / vocabulary put off 推迟；拖延 put off doing sth（推迟做某事） in part 部分地 = partly, 常用于说明原因或程度 in addition 此外；另外 = besides / what's more take advantage of 利用 take advantage of the opportunity open up 打开；开辟 open up new possibilities 三、语法精讲 1. 定语从句（Relative Clauses） 定语从句用于修饰名词或代词，相当于一个形容词的作用。被修饰的名词或代词称为先行词，引导定语从句的词称为关系词。 （1）who/that 指人 关系代词 功能 例句 who/that 作主语（不可省略） The person who/that helps me is my teacher. who/that 作宾语（可省略） The girl (who/that) I met is kind. 注意：当who/that在从句中作主语时，后面的动词与先行词保持主谓一致。 • The student who reads every day improves fast.（先行词student是单数） • Students who read every day improve fast.（先行词students是复数） （2）which/that 指物 关系代词 功能 例句 which/that 作主语（不可省略） The book which/that is on the desk is mine. which/that 作宾语（可省略） The method (which/that) I use works well. 注意：关系代词在从句中作宾语时可以省略。 • This is the best strategy (that) I have ever tried. (作宾语，可省略) • The experiment that shows interesting results is worth doing. (作主语，不可省略) （3）使用注意事项 • 先行词被最高级、序数词或the only / the very修饰时，关系代词只能用that • 先行词既有人又有物时，关系代词只能用that • 关系代词前有介词时，指人用whom，指物用which This is the best book that I have ever read. I still remember the people and places that I visited. This is the school in which I studied for three years. 2. 疑问词+不定式（wh-word + to do） 疑问词（what, which, who, whom, when, where, how等）后面可以跟不定式，构成“疑问词+to do”结构，在句中用作主语、宾语或表语。 疑问词 用法 例句 how to 表示方式 I don't know how to learn English well. what to 表示内容 Tell me what to do next. when to 表示时间 She hasn't decided when to start. where to 表示地点 Could you tell me where to find the book? which to 表示选择 I can't decide which to choose. whether to 表示是否 He is thinking about whether to join the club. 注意：why不能用于“疑问词+to do”结构。 • 正确：I don't know what to do. • 正确：Can you tell me how to get there? • 错误：I don't know why to go.（应用why引导的从句） • 正确：I don't know why I should go. 四、典型例题 1. The man ______ is standing there is my English teacher. A. which B. whom C. who D. what 【答案】C 【解析】先行词The man指人，关系代词在从句中作主语，用who。A用于指物，whom作宾语。C正确。 2. This is the best method ______ I have ever used. A. which B. that C. who D. what 【答案】B 【解析】先行词method被最高级the best修饰，关系代词只能用that。B正确。 3. Can you tell me ______ to improve my pronunciation? A. what B. when C. how D. where 【答案】C 【解析】根据句意“你能告诉我如何提高发音吗”，表示方式用how。C正确。 4. I don't know ______ to do with this problem. A. how B. what C. when D. where 【答案】B 【解析】what to do with sth为固定搭配，意为“如何处理某事”。B正确。 5. The students ______ practice every day will make rapid progress. A. which B. whom C. who D. whose 【答案】C 【解析】先行词The students指人且作主语，用who。C正确。 五、基础练习 （一）根据中文提示写出单词。 1. The best l______（学习者）learn from mistakes. 2. You can find the meaning in a d______（词典）. 3. Her p______（发音）has improved a lot. 4. We did an interesting e______（实验）in class. 5. Let me s______（总结）the main ideas. 6. I use f______（学习卡片）to review new words. （二）用所给单词的适当形式填空。 1. She is a good ______ (learn). She always studies actively. 2. Can you give me some ______ (suggest) on learning English? 3. He reads ______ (loud) every morning to practice speaking. 4. The teacher asked us to work ______ (efficient). 5. I find it hard to make correct ______ (pronounce). 6. This is the most ______ (enjoy) trip I have ever had. （三）单项选择。 1. I like the teacher ______ is patient and kind. A. which B. who C. whom D. what 2. The book ______ I borrowed from the library is very useful. A. who B. whom C. which D. what 3. Could you tell me ______ to start this project? A. what B. how C. where D. which 4. She is the only person ______ can help us. A. which B. whom C. that D. what 5. He doesn't know whether ______ or not. A. to go B. go C. going D. goes 6. I came ______ a useful website while doing research. A. up B. out C. across D. into （四）句型转换。 1. I don't know how I can learn English well.（改为简单句） I don't know ______ ______ learn English well. 2. The girl who is talking to Tom is my sister.（对划线部分提问） ______ ______ is your sister? 3. I can't decide which method I should choose.（改为简单句） I can't decide ______ ______ ______. 4. He bought a book. The book is about learning strategies.（合并为定语从句） He bought a book ______ ______ about learning strategies. 5. Please tell me where I can find this resource.（改为简单句） Please tell me ______ ______ find this resource. 六、提高练习 （一）补全对话。 根据对话内容，从方框中选择恰当的句子补全对话，其中有一项是多余的。 A: Hi, Lucy! You look worried. What's wrong? B: I'm having trouble learning English. (1) ______ A: Don't worry! I can help. First, you should use flashcards. B: (2) ______ A: You can make them by yourself. Write a word on one side and its meaning on the other. B: That sounds great! (3) ______ A: Reading English aloud every morning is also a good way. B: (4) ______ I watch one every day. A: That's great! Watching videos is a fun way to learn. B: (5) ______ I'll try all these strategies! A. How do I make flashcards? B. I don't know how to learn it well. C. What else do you suggest? D. I like watching English movies. E. Thanks for your advice! F. What time do you get up? （二）阅读理解。 阅读下文，根据短文内容选择最佳答案。 Everyone has their own way of learning. Some people learn best by listening, while others learn best by doing. Here are some tips that can help you become a better learner. First, find a learning method that suits you. If you enjoy listening, try listening to podcasts or watching educational videos. If you prefer reading, choose books or articles that interest you. There is no single best method — the key is to find what works for you. Second, set clear goals. Knowing what you want to achieve helps you stay focused. For example, instead of saying “I want to learn English,” set a specific goal like “I want to learn 10 new words every day.” Third, practice regularly. Learning is like building a muscle — the more you use it, the stronger it gets. Spend at least 20 minutes every day on your study, and you will see progress step by step. Finally, don't be afraid to make mistakes. Mistakes are a natural part of learning. The important thing is to learn from them and keep going. As the saying goes, “The person who never made a mistake never tried anything new.” ( )1. What is the passage mainly about? A. Different learning styles. B. How to become a better learner. C. The importance of goals. D. Making mistakes. ( )2. What should you do if you enjoy listening? A. Read more books. B. Listen to podcasts or watch videos. C. Do experiments. D. Write diaries. ( )3. What kind of goal does the writer suggest? A. A general goal. B. A specific goal. C. A difficult goal. D. An easy goal. ( )4. How much time should you spend on study every day? A. At least 10 minutes. B. At least 20 minutes. C. At least 30 minutes. D. At least an hour. ( )5. What does the writer think about mistakes? A. They are terrible. B. They should be avoided. C. They are a natural part of learning. D. Only smart people make mistakes. （三）写作。 How I Learn English 要求：以How I Learn English为题写一篇短文，介绍你学习英语的方法和策略。至少8句话，使用本单元所学的定语从句或疑问词+不定式结构。 _______________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________ 参考答案 五、基础练习 （一）. 1. learner 2. dictionary 3. pronunciation 4. experiment 5. summarize 6. flashcards （二）. 1. learner（learner学习者） 2. suggestions（suggestion建议，可数名词） 3. aloud（read aloud大声朗读） 4. efficiently（副词修饰动词work） 5. pronunciation（make correct pronunciation正确发音） 6. enjoyable（最令人愉快的旅程） （三）. 1. B 2. C 3. B 4. C 5. A 6. C （四）. 1. how to 2. Which girl 3. which method to choose 4. which/that is 5. where to 六、提高练习 （一）. 1. B 2. A 3. C 4. D 5. E（F为多余项） （二）. 1. B 2. B 3. B 4. B 5. C （三）. 略。参考范文： How I Learn English I have been learning English for several years. Here are some strategies that I find very helpful. First, I read English aloud every morning. It helps me improve my pronunciation. Second, I use flashcards to remember new words. I write a word on one side and its meaning on the other. Third, I like watching English movies. This is a fun way to learn how native speakers talk. I also keep a diary in English. It helps me practice writing every day. My English teacher, who is very patient, always encourages me. I believe that if you find a method that suits you, learning English can be really enjoyable. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $