专题三 数词（分层练）——2027届高考英语一轮复习

**基本信息** 本同步练通过“课标过关练”与“课标进阶练”分层设计，聚焦数词核心用法，构建从基础单句到语篇综合应用的知识巩固路径，适配高中英语一轮复习需求，助力语言能力与思维品质提升。 **分层设计** |层次|知识覆盖|设计特色| |----|----------|----------| |课标过关练|数词基本形式（dozens/sixties）、倍数表达（as...as）、分数（three fifths）|单句填空（1-13题）、汉译英（14题）等基础题型，直接强化核心考点，夯实语言基础能力| |课标进阶练|数词在语篇中的综合应用（in her thirties/the fourth century）|短文填空（22-41题），结合时态、非谓语等语法，在语境中深化理解，提升语篇分析的思维品质|

英语 数词 课标过关练 一、用所给词的适当形式或用适当的词填空 1. She went to the bookstore and bought ________ (dozen) of books. 2. Peter's jacket looks similar to mine, but costs twice ________ much. 3. A woman in her ________ (sixty) told him her husband had died of cancer a week earlier. 4. The cost of production in our country is ________ (two) more than that in the other countries. 5. He was born in Germany in 1956 but he stayed in China in ________ 1990s. 6. Our new library will be four times as large _________ the present one. 7. Americans spend ________ (billion)of dollars on stuff they have forgotten about. 8. It is my ________ (two) visit here, "said 44-year-old Georgios Marketakis from Greece. "I like everything I see here." 9. The world's wildlife population has suffered a devastating loss of almost three ________ (five) since 1970. 10. About one ________ (three) of the students in our class have read this novel. 11. The book is very interesting; I want to read it a ________ (three) time. 12. Much to the couple’s comfort, their income is now double ________ it was five years ago. 13. A big mistake cost the company ________ (million) of dollars. 二、根据提示完成句子 14. 但是，制造一个纸袋消耗的能量是制造一个塑料袋的四倍。（倍数表达法）（汉译英） _______________________________________________________________________________ 15. 我感觉这头熊是我的两倍重。(as...as...) I felt the bear was _________ _________ _________ _________ me. 16. 通常舞者三四十岁就开始考虑退休。 Usually dancers start thinking of retirement ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ . 17. 1911年9月8日，阿蒙森第一个动身。 _______________________________________________________________________________ 18. 它的利润增长速度是一般公司的四倍。(一句多译) ① Its profits are rising ________ ________ ________ ________ those of the average company. (than) ② Its profits are rising _______ ________ ________ ________ ________ those of the average company.(as...as) 19. ___________ ___________ ___________ ___________ ___________ (三分之二的学生) have taken part in the physical activity. 20. 她是第一位在奥运会上赢得金牌的女性。(medal) She was __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ in the Olympic Games. 21. ___________ ___________ (数以千计的) visitors come to Kunming every year. 课标进阶练 三、短文填空 （每道大题中至少有一个小题与本专题语法相关） Passage 1 Volha Halpyarovich, a Belarusian native, first experienced the healing power of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) during her childhood. “When I had a cold, my mom would make a cupping (拔火罐), a technique 22._________ (involve) placing cups on the skin to create suction (吸力),” shared Halpyarovich, now in her 23._________ (thirty). Her fascination with Chinese medicine 24._________ (grow) even more since she moved to China over twelve years ago. Living in a community with a local drugstore stocked with Chinese herbs, Halpyarovich had the opportunity to consult an 25._________ (experience) TCM doctor. This wise old gentleman began with a thorough diagnosis, after 26._________ he accurately identified her health issues, providing a direct treatment for her body. “I was really surprised that he could tailor a medicinal recipe 27._________ (specific) for me even without asking many questions,” she recalled. TCM, according to Halpyarovich, views the body as 28._________ universe connected with nature, focusing on enhancing circulation and removing blocks for improved well-being, which she found 29._________ (benefit) after undergoing treatment. For Halpyarovich, TCM isn’t merely a treatment 30._________ a lifestyle that includes diet, sleep patterns, and other life-related aspects. From cupping to personalized herbal treatments, she encourages others 31._________ (explore) what Chinese traditional medicine has to offer. Passage 2 Gan De was an ancient Chinese astronomer born in the State of Qi. Along with Shi Shen, he is believed to be the first 32._________ history known by name to produce a star catalogue (星表). He made 33._________ (extreme) detailed observations of the five major planets during the 34. _________ (four) century. Gan De may have been the first to describe one of the 35._________ (satellite) of Jupiter (木星), usually invisible without the aid of telescopes. He gave the following 36._________ (describe) of Jupiter’s journey: Every 12 years Jupiter returns to 37._________ same position in the sky; every 370 days it disappears in the fire of the Sun in the evening to the west, 30 days later it reappears in the morning to the east... In 1981, Gan’s work 38._________ (identify) by Xi Zezong as describing a naked-eye observation of either of the two 39._________ (large) and brightest satellites in summer 365 BC. Gan was one of the earliest practitioners of Chinese astronomy. As the earliest attempt 40. _________ (document) the sky during the Warring States period, Gan De’s work possesses high scientific value. He wrote two books, the Suixing Jing and the Tianwen Xingzhan, 41. _________ sadly both texts have been lost. Some of his works’ titles and fragments (片段) quoted from them are known from later texts. 参考答案及解析 1.答案：dozens 解析：考查名词。句意：她去书店买了几十本书。dozen意为“一打，十二个”，与of连用时要用复数形式，dozens of意为“若干，许多”，故填dozens。 2.答案：as 解析：考查倍数表示法。句意：彼得的夹克看起来和我的相似，但价钱是我的两倍。根据句意可知，此处表示第一件夹克价格是另一件价格的两倍。需使用短语“倍数+as+名词”意为“……的几倍”。故填as。 3.答案：sixties 解析：考查数词表达法。句意：一位六十几岁的妇女告诉他，她丈夫一周前死于癌症。in one’s sixties意为“在某人六十多岁时”。故填sixties。 4.答案：twice 解析：考查倍数表达法。句意:我国的生产成本是其他国家的两倍。本句用的是"倍数+比较级+ than"结构,故填twice。 5.答案：the 解析：年代前用定冠词the。 6.答案：as 解析：句意：我们的新图书馆会是现在的四倍大。此处为“A be+倍数+as+形容词/副词原级+ as B”的倍数表达法。故填as。 7.答案：billions 解析：考查数词。此处billions of 意为“数以十亿计的,大量的”。故填 billions。 8.答案：second 解析：数词。44岁的希腊人Georgios Marketakis说：“这是我第二次来这里。我喜欢我在这里看到的一切。”此处表示“第二次”，应用序数词second。故填second。 9.答案：fifths 解析：考查分数表示法。分析句子可知，此处是指“五分之三”。英语中，分数的分子用基数词，分母用序数词，且当分子大于一时，分母要用复数形式。故填fifths。 10.答案：third 解析：考查分数表达。句意：我们班大约三分之一的学生读过这本小说。分数的表达结构为“基数词（分子）+序数词（分母）”，当分子大于1时，分母序数词用复数形式；这里分子是one，分母用序数词third，表示“三分之一”。故填third。 11.答案：third 解析：考查数词。句意：这本书非常有趣；我想读第三遍。此处为“不定冠词a/ an+序数词+名词”强调在已知数量上再累加一个，表示“第三”应用序数词third。故填third。 12.答案：what 解析：考查倍数表达的固定句型。句意：令这对夫妇感到欣慰的是，他们现在的收入是五年前的两倍。“A+谓语+倍数+what从句”是倍数表达法之一，句中double为形容词，相当于twice as much as...。故填what。 13.答案：millions 14.答案：However, making a paper bag consumes four times as much energy as making a plastic bag. 解析：本句话描述客观事实，所以用一般现在时态。“但是” 可用However表示；“制造一个纸袋”可翻译为making a paper bag，在句中作主语，动名词短语作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式；“消耗的能量”可翻译为consumes energy；“是……的四倍”可用倍数表达法“... times as much + 名词 + as...”结构，这“四倍”即four times，“能量”用energy，不可数名词；“制造一个塑料袋”可翻译为making a plastic bag。 15.答案：twice as heavy as 16.答案：in their thirties or forties 17.答案：Amundsen was the first to leave on 8 September, 1911. 18.答案：①four times faster than ②four times as fast as 19.答案：Two thirds of the students 解析：考查数词。句意：三分之二的学生参加了体育活动。几分之几英语表达方法：用基数词+序数词表示。分子大于1，分母用复数。根据汉语提示及句意，故填Two thirds of the students。 20.答案：the first woman to win a gold medal 21.答案：Thousands of 22-31.答案：22.involving 23.thirties 24.has grown/has been growing 25.experienced 26.which 27.specifically 28.a 29.beneficial 30.but 31.to explore 解析：22.考查非谓语动词。句意：Halpyarovich如今三十多岁，她分享道：“我感冒时，妈妈会给我拔火罐，这是一种将罐子置于皮肤表面产生吸力的疗法。” 名词technique与动词involve为主动关系，用现在分词involving作后置定语。 23.考查数词。句意同上。in one’s thirties为固定表达，表示“在某人三十多岁时”。 24.考查时态。句意：十二年前移居中国后，她对中医的喜爱愈发浓厚。since引导时间状语从句，主句常用现在完成时has grown或现在完成进行时has been growing，表示从过去延续到现在的动作。 25.考查形容词。句意：Halpyarovich住在一个配有中草药药店的社区，有机会向一位经验丰富的中医问诊。此处用形容词修饰名词doctor，experienced表示 “有经验的”。 26.考查定语从句。句意：这位睿智的老中医先进行全面诊断，之后准确找出她的健康问题，并为她量身定制调理方案。此处为介词+关系代词引导的非限制性定语从句，先行词为a thorough diagnosis，指物，介词after后接关系代词which作宾语。 27.考查副词。句意：她回忆道：“我很惊讶，他即便没有问太多问题，也能专门为我量身开出药方。” 用副词specifically修饰动词 tailor，表示“专门地、特意地”。 28.考查冠词。句意：在Halpyarovich看来，中医把人体看作一个与自然相连的小宇宙，注重疏通经络、促进循环以改善健康，她在接受治疗后发现这十分有益。universe为可数名词，此处表泛指，发音以辅音音素开头，用不定冠词a。 29.考查形容词。句意同上。find sth + 形容词为固定结构，表示“发现某物是……的”，用形容词作宾补，benefit的形容词形式为beneficial。 30.考查连词。句意：对Halpyarovich而言，中医不仅仅是一种治疗手段，更是一种涵盖饮食、作息及其他生活相关方面的生活方式。not merely...but...为固定搭配，表示“不仅…… 而且……”。 31.考查非谓语动词。句意：从拔火罐到个性化草药调理，她鼓励其他人去探索传统中医所能带来的益处。encourage sb. to do sth.为固定搭配，意为 “鼓励某人做某事”，用动词不定式to explore作宾补。 32-41.答案：32.in 33.extremely 34.fourth 35.satellites 36.description/descriptions 37.the 38.was identified 39.largest 40.to document 41.but/yet 解析：32.考查介词。句意：他和石珅被认为是历史上第一个制作星表的人。结合句意可知，表示“在历史上”为in history。故填in。 33.考查副词。句意：他在公元四世纪对五大行星进行了极其详细的观测。空处作状语修饰detailed,用extreme对应的副词形式extremely。故填extremely. 34.考查序数词。句意：他在公元四世纪对五大行星进行了极其详细的观测。根据the及century可知，此处为序数词，表示“第四”用fourth。故填fourth。 35.考查名词的数。句意：甘德可能是第一个描述木星卫星的人，通常不借助望远镜是看不见的。one of后面搭配可数名词复数satellites。故填satellites。 36.考查名词。句意：他对木星的运行历程作了如下描述：每隔12年，木星会回到天空中的同一位置；每隔370天，它就会在太阳的火焰中消失在西边的晚上，30天后，它又会在东边的早晨出现……空处放在gave的后面作宾语，description“描述”可作不可数名词，也可作可数名词，当为可数名词时，此处用复数形式表泛指。故填description(s)。 37.考查冠词。句意：他对木星的运行历程作了如下描述：每隔12年，木星会回到天空中的同一位置；每隔370天，它就会在太阳的火焰中消失在西边的晚上，30天后，它又会在东边的早晨出现……same前面要加the,表示特指。故填the。 38.考查动词时态和语态。句意：1981年，席泽宗认定甘德的工作描述了公元前365年夏天对两颗最大、最亮的卫星中的任何一颗的裸眼观测。根据In 1981可知，句子为一般过去时，动词用过去式，且work与identify构成被动关系，用一般过去时的被动语态。主语为单数。故填was identified。 39.考查形容词。句意：1981年，席泽宗认定甘德的工作描述了公元前365年夏天对两颗最大、最亮的卫星中的任何一颗的裸眼观测。空处与brightest并列，用形容词最高级作定语。故填largest。 40.考查非谓语动词。句意：作为战国时期最早的记录天空的尝试，甘德的作品具有很高的科学价值。the attempt to do sth.为固定短语，意思为：做某事的企图，空处用不定式作后置定语。故填to document。 41.考查连词。句意：他写了两本书，《岁星经》和《天文星占》,但遗憾的是，这两本书都失传了。分析句子可知，空处缺少连词连接句子，横线前文和后文构成了转折关系，用but/yet表示转折。故填but/yet。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $