暑假自学课第5讲+形容词+副词+比较级（讲义）-2026-2027学年人教版英语七年级上册

新初一暑假自学课 人教2024版 · 暑假衔接专用 ┌─────────────────────────────┐ 第5讲 形容词 · 副词 · 比较级 └─────────────────────────────┘ ⊙ 适用年级：新七年级（小升初） ⊙ 教材版本：人教2024版 ⊙ 内容说明：复习形容词和副词的基本用法，系统学习形容词比较级变化规则和句型 Part 1 温故知新 —— 形容词和副词回顾 一、形容词(Adjective)的用法 形容词用来描述人或事物的特征，小学常用的形容词: 类别 例词 外貌 tall, short, big, small, fat, thin 性格 kind, friendly, clever, funny 颜色 red, blue, green, white, black 感受 happy, sad, tired, hungry, thirsty 形容词的位置: * 放在名词前: a tall boy, a red apple * 放在be动词后: The boy is tall. / The apple is red. 二、副词(Adverb)的用法 副词用来修饰动词、形容词或其他副词。小学常见副词: 类别 例词 方式副词 quickly, slowly, carefully, loudly 时间副词 now, then, today, yesterday, always, often 地点副词 here, there, home, inside, outside 程度副词 very, quite, too, so, much 副词的位置: * 修饰动词: 放在动词后 -- She sings well. / He runs fast. * 修饰形容词: 放在形容词前 -- very good, too big, quite tall 三、like + V-ing 结构 小学常见表达爱好句型: 主语 句子 I I like swimming. He / She He likes playing football. They They like reading books. Part 2 习新知法 —— 形容词比较级 一、什么是比较级? 比较级用于两者之间进行比较，表示"更..."。基本句型: A + be动词 + 比较级 + than + B -- Tom is taller than Jerry. (汤姆比杰瑞高。) -- This book is more interesting than that one. (这本书比那本更有趣。) 二、形容词比较级变化规则 情况 规则 例词 一般情况 加 -er tall -> taller, short -> shorter 以不发音e结尾 加 -r nice -> nicer, late -> later 辅音字母 + y 结尾 改 y 为 i 加 -er happy -> happier, funny -> funnier 重读闭音节(辅+元+辅) 双写末尾辅音加 -er big -> bigger, hot -> hotter, thin -> thinner 三、多音节词的比较级 两个音节以上的形容词，比较级在词前加 more: 原级 比较级 beautiful more beautiful important more important expensive more expensive 四、不规则比较级 以下形容词的比较级变化不规则，需要特殊记忆: 原级 比较级 good / well better bad / badly worse many / much more little less far farther / further 五、比较级的常用句型 A + be + 比较级 + than + B -- Tom is taller than Jerry. A + 实义动词 + 比较级 + than + B -- She runs faster than me. much + 比较级 -- 表示"...得多" -- This book is much more interesting. a little + 比较级 -- 表示"稍微..." -- I am a little taller than you. Part 3 基础巩固 一、写出下列形容词的比较级。 tall -> __________ big -> __________ happy -> __________ nice -> __________ hot -> __________ thin -> __________ funny -> __________ good -> __________ bad -> __________ beautiful -> __________ 二、用所给词的适当形式填空。 (1) Tom is ______ (tall) than Jerry. (2) This book is ______ (interesting) than that one. (3) She sings ______ (well) than me. (4) My schoolbag is ______ (heavy) than yours. (5) Who is ______ (old), you or your sister? 三、单项选择。 1. She is ___ than her brother. A. tall B. taller C. tallest D. more tall 2. This movie is ___ than that one. A. interesting B. more interesting C. most interesting D. interestinger 3. I am ___ at English than math. A. good B. well C. better D. best 4. He runs ___ than me. A. fast B. faster C. fastest D. more fast 5. Which is ___, the sun or the moon? A. big B. bigger C. biggest D. more big 四、根据中文提示完成句子。 (1) 汤姆比我高。Tom is ___ ___ me. (2) 这本书比那本书有趣得多。This book is ___ ___ ___ than that one. (3) 她唱歌比我好。She sings ___ ___ me. (4) 今天比昨天热。Today is ___ ___ yesterday. (5) 我的书包比你的重。My schoolbag is ___ ___ ___ . Part 4 提高挑战 一、改错。 (1) She is more taller than me. ______________ (2) This apple is biger than that one. ______________ (3) He is more good at sports than me. ______________ (4) Which is more big, the sun or the moon? ______________ (5) She runs quick than me. ______________ 二、用所给词的适当形式填空。 (1) This book is ______ (interesting) than that one, but that one is ______ (expensive) than this one. (2) My brother is two years ______ (old) than me. (3) She is ______ (good) at Chinese than math. (4) Which color do you like ______ (well), red or blue? (5) He is ______ (tall) in our class? No, he is ______ (short) than Tom. 三、阅读短文，判断正(T)误(F)。 Tom and Jerry are good friends. Tom is 12 years old. Jerry is 13 years old. Tom is taller than Jerry, but Jerry is heavier. Tom is good at English. Jerry is better at math than Tom. They both like sports. Tom runs faster than Jerry, but Jerry swims better than Tom. They often help each other. ( ) 1. Tom is older than Jerry. ( ) 2. Jerry is heavier than Tom. ( ) 3. Tom is better at math than Jerry. ( ) 4. Tom runs faster than Jerry. ( ) 5. Jerry swims better than Tom. 四、写作。 比较你和你的一个好朋友，写出至少5句话，用上比较级。 参考句型: ... is ... than ... / ... ... than me. / We both like... _______________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________ Part 5 本讲总结 形容词副词口诀 形容词修名词，放在名词前或be后; 副词修动词，放在动词后或句首; 比较级用于两者比，最高级用于三者上; 比较级标志than，句中有than一定用比较级。 比较级变化口诀 一般词尾加-er，如tall->taller; 不发音e结尾加-r，如nice->nicer; 辅音+y改y为i加-er，如happy->happier; 重读闭音节双写加-er，如big->bigger; 多音节词前加more，如beautiful->more beautiful。 参考答案 Part 3 基础巩固 一. taller, bigger, happier, nicer, hotter, thinner, funnier, better, worse, more beautiful 二. (1) taller (2) more interesting (3) better (4) heavier (5) older 三. 1. B 2. B 3. C 4. B 5. B 四. (1) taller than (2) much more interesting (3) better than (4) hotter than (5) heavier than yours Part 4 提高挑战 一. (1) more taller -> taller(more和-er不能同时用) (2) biger -> bigger(重读闭音节双写) (3) more good -> better(不规则变化) (4) more big -> bigger (5) quick -> faster(quick是形容词不能修饰动词，应改为副词比较级faster) 二. (1) more interesting, more expensive (2) older (3) better (4) better (5) the tallest, shorter 三. 1. F(Tom 12, Jerry 13, Jerry older) 2. T 3. F(Jerry is better at math) 4. T 5. T 四. 略。参考范文: I have a good friend. Her name is Alice. Alice is taller than me, but I am heavier than her. She is better at English than me. I run faster than Alice. We both like reading books. She likes reading stories, but I like reading science books. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $