暑假自学课第4讲+一般过去时（讲义）-2026-2027学年人教版英语七年级上册
新初一暑假自学课
人教2024版 · 暑假衔接专用
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第4讲
一般过去时
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⊙ 适用年级：新七年级（小升初）
⊙ 教材版本：人教2024版
⊙ 内容说明：复习一般过去时的基本用法，掌握动词过去式变化规则和否定疑问句式
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Part 1 温故知新 —— 一般过去时回顾
一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态，小学我们已经学过基本用法。
一、一般过去时的用法
用法 | 例句 |
表示过去某个时间的动作 | I went to Beijing yesterday. |
表示过去存在的状态 | She was a student two years ago. |
表示过去经常或反复的动作 | He often played football when he was young. |
表示过去的一系列动作 | I got up, had breakfast and went to school. |
二、be动词的过去式
am/is -> was are -> were
主语 | be动词过去式 | 例句 |
I / He / She / It | was | I was at home yesterday. |
We / You / They | were | They were happy last night. |
否定句: 在was/were后加not (wasn't / weren't)
一般疑问句: 将was/were提到主语前
-- Were you at home? -- Yes, I was. / No, I wasn't.
三、实义动词的过去式
规则动词过去式加 -ed，读音规则:
读音 | 条件 | 例词 |
/t/ | 清辅音后 | worked, washed, watched |
/d/ | 浊辅音和元音后 | played, lived, called |
/Id/ | t/d结尾后 | wanted, needed, started |
四、小学常见不规则动词过去式
小学阶段需要掌握的不规则动词:
原形 | 过去式 |
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am/is | was |
are | were |
go | went |
have/has | had |
do/does | did |
eat | ate |
see | saw |
buy | bought |
get | got |
say | said |
make | made |
take | took |
Part 2 习新知法 —— 过去式规则与句式升级
一、规则动词过去式完整规则
情况 | 规则 | 例词 |
一般情况 | 加 -ed | play->played, work->worked, talk->talked |
以不发音e结尾 | 加 -d | like->liked, live->lived, dance->danced |
辅音字母 + y 结尾 | 改 y 为 i 加 -ed | study->studied, cry->cried, try->tried |
重读闭音节结尾(辅+元+辅) | 双写末尾辅音加 -ed | stop->stopped, plan->planned |
二、否定句和疑问句
否定句: 主语 + didn't + 动词原形
-- He played football. -> He didn't play football.
-- She went to school. -> She didn't go to school.
一般疑问句: Did + 主语 + 动词原形?
-- Did he play football? -- Yes, he did. / No, he didn't.
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