暑假自学课第4讲+一般过去时（讲义）-2026-2027学年人教版英语七年级上册

新初一暑假自学课 人教2024版 · 暑假衔接专用 ┌─────────────────────────────┐ 第4讲 一般过去时 └─────────────────────────────┘ ⊙ 适用年级：新七年级（小升初） ⊙ 教材版本：人教2024版 ⊙ 内容说明：复习一般过去时的基本用法，掌握动词过去式变化规则和否定疑问句式 Part 1 温故知新 —— 一般过去时回顾 一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态，小学我们已经学过基本用法。 一、一般过去时的用法 用法 例句 表示过去某个时间的动作 I went to Beijing yesterday. 表示过去存在的状态 She was a student two years ago. 表示过去经常或反复的动作 He often played football when he was young. 表示过去的一系列动作 I got up, had breakfast and went to school. 二、be动词的过去式 am/is -> was are -> were 主语 be动词过去式 例句 I / He / She / It was I was at home yesterday. We / You / They were They were happy last night. 否定句: 在was/were后加not (wasn't / weren't) 一般疑问句: 将was/were提到主语前 -- Were you at home? -- Yes, I was. / No, I wasn't. 三、实义动词的过去式 规则动词过去式加 -ed，读音规则: 读音 条件 例词 /t/ 清辅音后 worked, washed, watched /d/ 浊辅音和元音后 played, lived, called /Id/ t/d结尾后 wanted, needed, started 四、小学常见不规则动词过去式 小学阶段需要掌握的不规则动词: 原形 过去式 am/is was are were go went have/has had do/does did eat ate see saw buy bought get got say said make made take took Part 2 习新知法 —— 过去式规则与句式升级 一、规则动词过去式完整规则 情况 规则 例词 一般情况 加 -ed play->played, work->worked, talk->talked 以不发音e结尾 加 -d like->liked, live->lived, dance->danced 辅音字母 + y 结尾 改 y 为 i 加 -ed study->studied, cry->cried, try->tried 重读闭音节结尾(辅+元+辅) 双写末尾辅音加 -ed stop->stopped, plan->planned 二、否定句和疑问句 否定句: 主语 + didn't + 动词原形 -- He played football. -> He didn't play football. -- She went to school. -> She didn't go to school. 一般疑问句: Did + 主语 + 动词原形? -- Did he play football? -- Yes, he did. / No, he didn't. -- Did she go to school? -- Yes, she did. / No, she didn't. 特殊疑问句: 特殊疑问词 + did + 主语 + 动词原形? -- What did you do yesterday? -- I watched TV. -- Where did he go? -- He went to the park. 三、时间标志词 一般过去时常用时间状语: 时间词 例句 yesterday I went shopping yesterday. last... (last night/week/year) She visited her grandma last week. ...ago (two days ago) He started school three years ago. in + 过去年份 My family moved here in 2020. just now I finished my homework just now. 四、一般过去时 vs 一般现在时 对比维度 一般过去时 一般现在时 时间 过去（yesterday, last...） 现在（every day, often） 动词形式 过去式（-ed / 不规则） 原形 / 三单 -- I play football every Sunday.(经常) -- I played football yesterday.(过去某次) Part 3 基础巩固 一、写出下列动词的过去式。 play -> __________ like -> __________ study -> __________ stop -> __________ go -> __________ have -> __________ do -> __________ eat -> __________ see -> __________ buy -> __________ 二、用be动词的适当形式填空(was/were)。 (1) I ___ at school yesterday. (2) They ___ happy last night. (3) She ___ a teacher five years ago. (4) We ___ in Beijing last summer. (5) The cat ___ on the sofa just now. 三、用所给动词的适当形式填空。 (1) He ______ (visit) his grandpa last weekend. (2) I ______ (watch) a movie yesterday evening. (3) She ______ (study) English for two hours last night. (4) They ______ (go) to the park yesterday. (5) We ______ (have) a good time at the party. (6) My mother ______ (buy) a new dress for me. 四、单项选择。 1. My family ___ in Shanghai last year. A. was B. were C. is D. are 2. She ___ to school by bus yesterday. A. go B. goes C. went D. going 3. -- Did you see the movie? -- Yes, I ___. A. did B. do C. saw D. see 4. He didn't ___ breakfast this morning. A. had B. has C. have D. having 5. ___ she visit her grandma last week? A. Did B. Does C. Do D. Was Part 4 提高挑战 一、改错。下列句子中有一处错误，请改正。 (1) I don't went to school yesterday. ______________ (2) Did he went to Beijing last week? ______________ (3) She studys English every day. ______________ (4) We was at home last night. ______________ (5) He didn't ate breakfast this morning. ______________ 二、按要求改写句子。 (1) Tom played football yesterday.(改为否定句) ________________________________ (2) She visited her grandpa last weekend.(改为一般疑问句) ________________________________ (3) They went to the park.(对划线部分提问) ________________________________ (4) He did his homework last night.(改为一般疑问句并作否定回答) ________________________________ 三、阅读短文，用所给词的正确形式填空。 Last Sunday, Tom ______ (1)______ (get) up at 7:00. He ______ (2)______ (have) breakfast at 7:30. Then he ______ (3)______ (go) to the park with his friends. They ______ (4)______ (play) basketball there. Tom ______ (5)______ (be) very happy. At 12:00, they ______ (6)______ (eat) lunch at a restaurant. In the afternoon, Tom ______ (7)______ (do) his homework. He ______ (8)______ (watch) TV in the evening. It ______ (9)______ (be) a wonderful day! 四、写作。 用一般过去时写一段话介绍你上个周末做了什么。至少写5句话。 参考词汇: last weekend, got up, had breakfast, went to, played, watched, visited _______________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________ Part 5 本讲总结 一般过去时口诀 一般过去时，表示过去发生事; be动词用was/were，I用was you用were，他她它用was; 实义动词过去式，规则变化加-ed; 否定didn't加动原，疑问Did提前动词还; 时间标志: yesterday, last..., ...ago, in + 过去年份。 动词过去式变化口诀 一般情况加-ed，如play->played; 不发音e结尾加-d，如like->liked; 辅音+y改y为i加-ed，如study->studied; 重读闭音节双写加-ed，如stop->stopped。 参考答案 Part 3 基础巩固 一. played, liked, studied, stopped, went, had, did, ate, saw, bought 二. (1) was (2) were (3) was (4) were (5) was 三. (1) visited (2) watched (3) studied (4) went (5) had (6) bought 四. 1. B(were, family指家人复数概念) 2. C 3. A 4. C(didn't后动原) 5. A Part 4 提高挑战 一. (1) don't -> didn't (2) went -> go(did后动原) (3) studys -> studies(三单) (4) was -> were(we主语) (5) ate -> eat(didn't后动原) 二. (1) Tom didn't play football yesterday. (2) Did she visit her grandpa last weekend? (3) Where did they go? (4) Did he do his homework last night? -- No, he didn't. 三. (1) got (2) had (3) went (4) played (5) was (6) ate (7) did (8) watched (9) was 四. 略。参考范文: Last weekend, I got up at 8:00. I had breakfast with my family. Then I went to the park with my friends. We played football there. In the afternoon, I did my homework. In the evening, I watched TV. I was very happy. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $