Unit 8 基础知识测试 2025-2026学年译林版八年级英语下册

译林版八下Unit8基础知识测试卷 参考答案 一、单项选择（1×15=15 分） 1-5：ADABC 6-10：BBDAC 11-15：DBCCA 二、完形填空（1×10=10 分） 1-5：ADBDC 6-10：CBADA 三、阅读理解（1.5×10=15 分） A：1-5：CCABD B：6-10：BDDCA 四、词汇（1×20=20 分） (A) 中文 / 首字母写单词 1. trucks 2. Electronic 3. fuel 4. chemicals 5. pouring 6. hardly 7. second-hand 8. strict 9. total 10. fine (B) 词形变换 1. unclean 2. wisely 3. management 4. successfully 5. unclean 6. be thrown 7. polluted 8. was broken 9. are separated 10. be voted 五、完成句子（每空 0.5 分，共 20 分） 1. taking shorter showers 2. Some; some; and others 3. says no to single-use 4. make a good start 5. to reduce pollution 6. break the rules; will be punished 7. donate old clothes or books; at second-hand shops 8. follow these simple steps; make a big difference 六、任务型阅读（1×10=10 分） 1. from 2. throw 3. centuries 4. ways/solutions 5. Process 6. washed 7.balls 8. made/turned 9. friendly 10. lighter 七、首字母填空（1×10=10 分） 1. opposite 2. include 3. special 4. used 5. change 6. produce 7. steps 8. into 9. depending 10. why 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 译林版（2024）八年级下册Unit 8 基础知识测试题 （总分：100分 时间：60分钟） 班级：____________ 姓名：____________ 得分：____________ 一、单项选择 （每题1分，共15分） ( )1.We should become more aware _______ the importance of protecting the environment. A. of B. with C. at D. in ( )2. —Which should we start with, Water World or Space World? —Either is OK. It makes no _______ to me. A. choice B. mistake C. decision D. difference ( )3. Scientists are trying hard to find out the _______ of the strange illness and help more sick people. A. cause B. way C. reason D. excuse ( )4. More and more people prefer to buy _______ products to protect the environment and live a green life. A. comfortable B. eco-friendly C. expensive D. fashionable ( )5. —How was your trip to the British Museum? —I could _______ speak English and was completely silent during the visit. A. usually B. clearly C. hardly D. perfectly ( )6. —What should we do to live a green life? —We can _______ used things instead of throwing them away. A. pollute B. recycle C. lose D. burn ( )7. It is important for teenagers to learn to _______ their feelings when they are in trouble or under stress. A. offer B. control C. afford D. notice ( )8. —How long will it take to finish the work? —It _______ how many people help us. More people mean faster speed. A. looks for B. carries on C. waits for D. depends on ( )9. Before you go camping in the mountains, make sure that your food won’t _______ during the trip. A. run out B. get out C. put out D. give out ( )10. —I don’t understand why my parents are so _______ me. They don’t allow me to go out at night. —They just worry about your safety. A. afraid of B. proud of C. strict with D. patient with ( )11. Tom’s parents were busy yesterday because there were 30 children _______ at Tom’s birthday party. A. in time B. in short C. in practice D. in total ( )12. —Why do you keep planting trees and cleaning the park? —It’s all about _______ our environment better and greener. A. make B. making C. makes D. made ( )13. It is said that a fashion show _______ in our city next Saturday. A. is held B. will hold C. will be held D. is going to hold ( )14. —Can Mr King spare some time for the meeting? —If he _______, he’ll try his best to make it. A. invites B. invited C. is invited D. will be invited ( )15. —Using solar power helps make our air cleaner. —_______. It also costs little. A. You said it B. You’re welcome C. It doesn’t matter D. Feel free to call us 二、完形填空（每题1分，共10分） In Jintang, China, Liu Xiangqing has raised cows all his life. Last June, something ___1___ happened. Normally, his cows would be eating grass at 6:00 a.m., but one morning they were ___2___ out in the bushes. Liu counted them and found that a 2-year-old cow was missing. Later, the cow was found ___3___. There was a large wound on its neck. Liu knew at once: a Siberian tiger did this. The Siberian tigers are coming back! They were once believed to nearly ___4___ in China. But now, they can be seen more often. For ten years, China has taken action to protect forests and stop people from hunting wild animals. This is helping the tigers’ ___5___. Siberian tigers are difficult to spot. They ___6___ when humans come near. Villagers know that they are ___7___ when they see paw prints or find farm animals missing or attacked. There are fewer Siberian tigers living in the wild than in zoos. The Chinese government has counted between 18 and 22 tigers in the wild, but experts believe the number could reach 40 now — twice ___8___ ten years ago. In the past, some people in China bought tigers’ body parts for traditional medicine. But now, it is ___9___ the law. Moreover, in Jilin Province, a large reserve has been set up, and deer have been let out to ___10___ tigers and other endangered animals. With continued protection, the number of Siberian tigers in China may keep growing. ( )1. A. unusual B. wrong C. dangerous D. interesting ( )2. A. run B. put C. fallen D. spread ( )3. A. sick B. dead C. broken D. damaged ( )4. A. die B. reduce C. survive D. disappear ( )5. A. result B. health C. return D. success ( )6. A. stay B. wait C. hide D. sleep ( )7. A. alone B. around C. asleep D. alive ( )8. A. as many as B. higher than C. as much as D. better than ( )9. A. with B. under C. on D. against ( )10. A. feed B. catch C. follow D. prevent 三、阅读理解（每题1.5分，共15分） A McDonald’s is taking a big step to help the environment. Recently, the company announced (宣布) that some of its restaurants in the USA would stop using plastic straws (吸管). Instead, they would test other kinds of straws. Environmental groups have long asked McDonald’s to make this change. Plastic straws are harmful because they can only be used once. They do not break down easily in landfills, and they often end up in the sea or on beaches. In fact, people do not really need straws to drink, and paper straws work just as well. Francesca DeBiase, a leader at McDonald’s, said that the company wanted to set a good example. It hoped that other fast-food restaurants would also stop using plastic straws. McDonald’s has already started using paper straws in Belgium; Later, it will test them in France, Sweden and Norway. In Malaysia, straws are given only if customers ask for them. McDonald’s is not the only company taking action. Royal Caribbean, a large cruise ship (游轮) company, has promised to stop using plastic straws. So has Alaska Airlines. Eric Goldstein is a lawyer for the Natural Resources Defense Council, an environmental group. He said that McDonald’s is a huge company. So, the decision to stop using plastic straws is an important step. It shows that people are worried about the influence of plastic straws worldwide. “It’s also a symbolic one,” Goldstein added. “You could say McDonald’s should have done it earlier, but it’s certainly better late than never.” ( )1. What change did McDonald’s announce? A. It would close some restaurants. B. It would reduce the price of its drinks. C. It would test different types of straws. D. It would stop offering straws in the USA. ( )2. According to Francesca DeBiase, what did McDonald’s hope to do? A. Attract more customers. B. Sell its new types of straws. C. Be a model for other companies. D. Ask the government for new laws. ( )3. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? A. Paper straws work as well as plastic ones. B. Customers in Malaysia must pay for straws. C. Royal Caribbean no longer uses plastic straws. D. McDonald’s began using paper straws in France. ( )4. What does Eric Goldstein think of McDonald’s decision? A. It is too late to make any difference. B. It shows people’s worry about plastic straws. C. It’s a sign that McDonald’s is a big company. D. It is an important step against water pollution. ( )5. What is the best title for the passage? A. How Francesca DeBiase leads McDonald’s B. McDonald’s new plan for customers C. How McDonald’s makes paper straws D. The effort of McDonald’s to reduce plastic B Once there was a boy who wished to help the planet. So, his father gave him a task, “Go and study pollution on earth. It can be anything harmful to the land, water or air. It can be solid, liquid or gas. Bring back a report.” First, the boy studied solid pollution. Looking around, he saw plastic everywhere. “Plastic doesn’t break down naturally like wood or paper. Can it be reused instead of being thrown away?” the boy thought. Just then, he saw people in many places recycling plastic. They turned it into new things like shopping bags and park benches. “What a great idea!” he thought. Next, the boy studied water pollution. He found that chemicals were poured into water. These chemicals made many plants grow in lakes or oceans, which used up oxygen and killed fish. “What could be done?” he wondered. They were using less chemicals, cleaning up oil spills (泄漏) and reusing farm waste to produce energy. “What great ideas!” thought the boy. The last was air pollution. It was hard to control because gas spread in the air. It hadn’t been gas but the boy found many things that put harmful gases into the air: factories, coal-burning power plants, rubbish burning and even cars. “Wow! What can be done?” he wondered. Again, the boy saw people taking buses, riding bikes or walking. They were putting filters on factory pipes. Some made power by using the sun, wind, water and even rubbish. “People can be very clever,” he thought. Finally, the boy returned with his report. “What else can I do for the earth?” he asked. “Give them just a few words to remember and share,” said his father. The boy thought about all he had seen. He realized that no matter the form, pollution affected one shared home — the earth. Suddenly, he got it! “________,” he said. Did it make a difference? Pass it along and see what you think. ( )6. What does the underlined word “solid” mean in Paragraph 1? A. Something spread in the air. B. Something hard that can be seen. C. Something soft and easy to change. D. Something flows that can be poured. ( )7. What did people do with plastic waste in many places? A. They sold it to others. B. They burned it for energy. C. They hid it in the ground. D. They made new things from it. ( )8. What happened when too many plants grew in water? A. They cleaned up oil spills from water. B. They made the air dangerous to breathe. C. They produced harmful chemicals in lakes. D. They used up oxygen and caused the death of fish. ( )9. Which shows the right order of the story? ① The boy came up with the words. ② People were putting filters on factory pipes. ③ The boy studied solid pollution and found plastic. ④ People were reusing farm waste to produce energy. A. ②④③① B. ②①④③ C. ③④②① D. ③②④① ( )10. Which of the following is the most suitable for “________” in the last paragraph? A. Only one planet! B. Save more energy! C. Share the clean air! D. Keep our oceans clean! 四、词汇（每题1分，共20分） （A）根据所给中文提示或首字母提示，写出句中所缺单词。 1. Some big _______________(卡车) are used to move heavy machines and tools on farms. 2. _______________(电子的) books are convenient and help us get knowledge quickly at home. 3. The car is running out of _______________(燃料). Luckily, there is a gas station not far ahead. 4. The road was covered with _______________(化学物质) after the lorry overturned. 5. Look! It’s raining heavily. The water is _______________(倾倒) down the street now. 6. A zero-waste lifestyle _______________(几乎不) creates any rubbish. 7. My mum often buys _______________(二手的) books online because they are cheaper and still in good condition. 8. All the schools in our city have _______________(严格的) rules against using mobile phones in class. 9. The _______________(总的) number of books in the library reached over five thousand. 10. The police will _______________(对…… 处以罚款) anyone for speeding on the main street. （B）根据句意，用所给单词的适当形式填空。 1. Don’t eat the strawberries. They are _______________(clean). Let me wash them for you. 2. If we spend money _______________(wise), we can save more for our future study and dreams. 3. Good time _______________(manage) helps us finish homework quickly and have more free time. 4. They _______________(success) finished the group project and got high marks from the teacher. 5. We should not drink from _______________(clean) water sources. 6. Litter should not _______________(throw) everywhere; we should put it in dustbins. 7. Breathing _______________(pollute) air can be harmful to our health. 8. My grandma’s old cup _______________(break) because of the sudden shake of the earthquake last month. 9. Taizhou and Changzhou _______________(separate) by the Yangtze River. 10. The kindest animal lover in our city will _______________(vote) by citizens in the coming competition. 五、翻译句子，每空一词（每空0.5分，共20分） 1. 你可以通过缩短淋浴时间来节约水。 You can save water by ____________ __________ ____________. 2. 一些学生捡垃圾，一些种树，还有一些告诉人们要保护环境。 ____________ students pick up rubbish, ____________ plant trees, ____________ ____________ tell people to protect the environment. 3. 如果每个人拒绝一次性塑料袋，我们会减少垃圾，节约更多资源。 If everyone ________ ______ _______ ________________ plastic bags, we will produce less rubbish and save more resources. 4. 如果我们一起努力，就能在保护环境方面开个好头。 If we work hard together, we will ____________ ______ ____________ ____________ in protecting our environment. 5. 循环利用是帮助减少污染的好方法。 Recycling is a good way ______ ____________ ____________. 6. 当人们违反这些规则时，他们将会受到惩罚。 When people ____________ ____________ ____________, they ____________ _____ ____________. 7. 我们可以把旧衣服或旧书捐赠给慈善机构，也可以在二手店购物。 We can ____________ _______ ____________ _______ ____________ to charities and shop ______ ____________ ____________. 8. 如果我们遵循这些简单的步骤，我们可以做出很大的改变，享受一个更绿色的世界！ If we all ____________ ____________ ____________ __________, we can ____________ _______ ____________ ______________ and enjoy a greener world! 六、任务型阅读（每空1分，共10分） It might be strange to wear clothes made from plastic bottles. But in fact, clothing company JUMA is making clothes like these. Recently, JUMA showed its newest collection at a workshop in Shanghai. Eighteen clothing items (服饰单品) from the collection, including jumpsuits (连体裤), jackets, shirts and dresses, were made from plastic bottles. “We realized that billions of water bottles were being thrown into landfills (垃圾填埋场) and oceans every year and that these bottles take hundreds of years to decompose (分解). We thought we should use them to create our clothes and help the environment,” said Alia Juma, the company’s design director. The process is very simple. First, the plastic bottles are washed and cut into small pieces. Then they are melted (熔化) and shaped into small balls. After that, the balls are melted again. In this way, people can get thread (线). According to Juma, making 1 ton of thread needs 67,000 bottles. This reduces carbon emissions (碳排放) by 4.2 tons and water use by 6.2 tons compared with the normal way of making thread. That’s why the new way of making thread is environmentally friendly. “Four bottles can make one pillowcase (枕套). Five bottles can make a shirt, ten a dress and twenty a short coat,” Juma said. Some people might have doubts about wearing something made out of plastic bottles. But according to a website called Causeartist, clothes made from plastics could be even softer and lighter than those from nylon (尼龙) and polyester (聚酯纤维). It seems that clothes made from plastics may lead to a greener and better future of fashion industry. Plastic clothes—a green future of fashion industry What Different clothing items can be made ____1____ plastic bottles, such as jumpsuits, jackets, shirts and dresses. Why *People ____2____ away billions of water bottles every year. *These water bottles take ____3____ to decompose. *People need to come up with ____4____ to help the environment. ____5____ *Make the plastic bottles ____6____ and cut them into small pieces. *Melt them and shape them into small ____7____ . *Melt the balls to get thread. Details *67,000 plastic bottles can be ____8____ into 1 ton of thread. *Four bottles can make one pillowcase. *Five bottles can make a shirt, ten a dress and twenty a short coat. Advantages *This process is environmentally ____9____ and can reduce carbon emissions and save water. *Clothes made from plastics are softer and ____10____ than those from nylon and polyester. 七、首字母填空（每空1分，共10分） Imagine a place where nothing ends up in the rubbish bin. Everything can be reused and recycled. However, the real world is the o____1____. A recent report shows that only 7.2% of all used materials are recycled. Fortunately, a company in Milan named Krill Design decided to solve the problem. Set up in 2018, the company has made plenty of useful items. Its designs i____2____ chairs, clocks, bowls, lamps and some other furniture. But what makes these items s____3____ is that they are made from a kind of plastic-like material—Rekrill. It is fully biodegradable (可生物降解的) and can be u____4____ over and over again. “After years, you have to c____5____ your furniture anyway,” says Marco, a worker at Krill Design. “But if your furniture is made from Rekrill, we will be able to recycle it and reuse the material. If our material ends up in the sea by mistake, it doesn’t p____6____ any waste.” To make every item, four s____7____ are needed. First, the food waste like fruit peel (皮) is dried and made into powder (粉末). Then the powder is mixed with a material known as PHB. Next, the mixed material is turned i____8____ Rekrill. At last, it is put into a 3D printer to print items. Printing time can be different d____9____ on the item. The lamp, for example, takes about three hours to print. “Our material produces no waste, but it costs probably six times more than plastics,” Marco says. “It is also very difficult to make the material, so we understand w____10____ many companies aren’t doing it.” He expects Rekrill to be widely used in a few years. ( 1 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $