专题01 宾语从句（期末复习讲义）八年级英语下学期新教材沪教版五四制

专题01 宾语从句（期末复习讲义） 内 容 导 航 考情透视·目标导航 透析期末考向，锚定备考重心 知识梳理·方法技巧 梳理核心脉络，扫除知识盲区 考场练兵·分层实战 阶梯实战演练，验收复习成效 复习目标 复习重点： 掌握宾语从句的用法 复习难点： 掌握宾语从句的用法 一、宾语从句三要素：引导词、语序、时态 表 1：引导词分类 从句类型 引导词 用法说明 例句 陈述句 that 无词义，口语 / 非正式可省略；只起连接作用 I think (that) he is right. 一般疑问句 if / whether 含义：是否；二者大多可互换，固定搭配只用 whether I don't know if/whether he will come. She wonders whether to go. 特殊疑问句 what/who/whose/where/when/why/how 保留原疑问词义，在从句中充当成分 Could you tell me where he lives? 表 2：语序规则（必考：一律陈述语序：主语 + 谓语） 原句式 原语序 从句正确语序 错句&正确句 特殊疑问句 疑问词 + 助动词 + 主语 + 谓语 疑问词 + 主语 + 谓语 ×Do you know where does he live? √Do you know where he lives? 一般疑问句 助动词 + 主语 + 谓语 主语 + 谓语 ×I ask if is he at home. √I ask if he is at home. 口诀：去掉疑问倒装，变回主谓顺序 表 3：时态匹配（主句时态决定从句时态，核心考点） 主句时态 从句时态规则 例句 主句一般现在时（do/does/am/is/are） 从句根据实际句意，时态任意（现 / 过 / 将 / 完成） I know he lives here.(现) I know he lived here.(过) I know he will live here.(将来) 主句一般过去时（did/was/were） 从句统一换成对应过去时态： 现→过、将→过去将来、现完→过完 He said he lived here. He said he would live here. 客观真理 / 自然常识 从句永远用一般现在时，不受主句过去时态限制 The teacher told us the earth goes around the sun. 二、否定前移（必考小点） 规则 适用动词 例句 主语 I/We + think/believe/suppose，从句否定→否定主句 think, believe, suppose ×I think he isn't right. √I don't think he is right. 三、if/when 区分（宾语从句 vs 状语从句，易混） 词性 含义 时态规则 宾语从句 if 是否 按主从句时态规则 I don't know if it will rain tomorrow. 条件状语从句 if 如果 主将从现 If it rains tomorrow, we will stay home. 四、常见易错汇总表 易错点 错误写法 正确写法 陈述语序 I don't know what is he doing I don't know what he is doing 客观真理 Our teacher said the sun went up in east Our teacher said the sun goes up in east 否定转移 I think she can't swim I don't think she can swim 一、 1．City or country? I don’t know ________ as my living place because they both have good sides. A．who to choose B．which to choose C．what to choose D．when to choose 【答案】B 【详解】句意：城市还是乡村？我不知道选哪个作为我的居住地，因为它们都有优点。 who to choose选谁；which to choose选哪一个；what to choose选什么；when to choose何时选择。根据句中“City or country”可知，此处是在两者之间做选择，需用which表示“哪一个”，应填which to choose。 2．I wonder ________ at the school gate yesterday morning. A．who was he waiting for B．who he was waiting for C．who did he wait for D．who he waited for 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我想知道昨天早上他在校门口等谁。 who was he waiting for疑问语序，不符合宾语从句要求。who he was waiting for陈述语序，过去进行时，符合语法和语境。who did he wait for疑问语序，不符合宾语从句要求。who he waited for陈述语序，一般过去时，侧重动作已完成。I wonder后接宾语从句，从句必须使用陈述语序（主语在前，谓语在后）。时间状语yesterday morning强调“过去某个时间段正在进行的动作”，用过去进行时（was waiting）更贴合语境，因此选who he was waiting for。 3．They couldn’t believe ________ they heard on the news. A．where B．how C．what D．when 【答案】C 【详解】句意：他们不敢相信在新闻上听到的内容。 where哪里（表地点）；how如何（表方式）；what什么（表事物）；when什么时候（表时间）。根据从句“they heard on the news”缺少宾语，表达“听到的内容”，只有what可在宾语从句中充当宾语并契合句意。 4．She asked me ________ I would help her with her physics problems after school, since she had fallen behind recently. A．where B．if C．that D．which 【答案】B 【详解】句意：她问我放学后我是否能帮她解决物理问题，因为她最近落后了。 where哪里；if是否；that无实义；which哪一个，根据“asked”可知，此处是宾语从句，结合“I would help her with her physics problems after school”可知，此处是if引导的宾语从句，意为“是否”，询问我是否能帮助她，应填if。 5．She announced ________ she had stayed up late to review math formulas for three nights in a row to prepare for the exam. A．how long B．if C．that D．whether 【答案】C 【详解】句意：她宣称自己连续三晚熬夜复习数学公式来备考。 that引导陈述句作宾语从句；how long（多久）引导特殊疑问句，if/whether（是否）引导疑问含义的宾语从句。从句是完整陈述事实，无疑问语义，因此用that。 题型二：宾语从句时态 6．—What did your father say to you just now? —He asked me what I ________ at that moment. A．am doing B．was doing C．will do D．do 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——你父亲刚才对你说了什么？——他问我那一刻正在做什么。 主句He asked me是一般过去时，what引导的宾语从句需用过去的某种时态。根据时间状语at that moment可知动作在过去某一时刻正在进行，应用过去进行时，应填was doing。 7．My teacher often tells me that kindness ________ the world warmer. A．make B．makes C．made D．is making 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我的老师经常告诉我，善良使世界变得更温暖。 根据“My teacher often tells me”可知，主句是一般现在时，宾语从句陈述客观事实，也用一般现在时，主语kindness是不可数名词，谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式makes。 8．He said he ________ his grandparents in the countryside the coming winter holiday. A．visits B．visited C．will visit D．would visit 【答案】D 【详解】句意：他说他在即将到来的寒假会去乡下看望他的祖父母。 本题考查宾语从句的时态。主句“He said”为一般过去时，从句的时态应与主句保持一致，故排除A（一般现在时）和C（一般将来时）。从句中的时间状语“the coming winter holiday”表示将来时间，在间接引语中需用过去将来时，即“would + 动词原形”。B项visited为一般过去时，表示过去发生的动作，与“将来的寒假”矛盾。故填would visit。 9．I don’t know when he ________ back. Please tell me when he ________ back. A．comes; comes B．will come; comes C．comes; will come D．will come; will come 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我不知道他什么时候回来。请告诉我他什么时候回来。 comes回来（一般现在时）；will come将要回来（一般将来时）。根据第一个空，“when”引导宾语从句，表示将来的动作，用一般将来时；第二个空，“when”引导时间状语从句，从句用一般现在时表将来，主语he为第三人称单数，用comes。 10．The teacher told us that the Earth ________ around the sun. A．moved B．moves C．was moving D．had moved 【答案】B 【详解】句意：老师告诉我们地球绕着太阳转。 虽然主句“The teacher told us”是一般过去时，但从句描述的是客观事实，不受主句时态影响，始终用一般现在时，主语the earth为第三人称单数，动词用第三人称单数形式。 题型三：宾语从句的语序 11．Which sentence is grammatically correct? A．Could you please to take out the rubbish? B．I think teenagers should learn to do housework. C．He doesn’t like help his mother with housework. D．My mother ask me to tidy up my room every day. 【答案】B 【详解】句意：哪个句子在语法上是正确的？ Could you please to take out the rubbish?语法错误，Could you please后接动词原形；I think teenagers should learn to do housework.语法正确，情态动词should后接动词原形；He doesn’t like help his mother with housework.语法错误，like后接to do或doing；My mother ask me to tidy up my room every day.语法错误，my mother为第三人称单数，后接ask的第三人称单数形式asks。应填I think teenagers should learn to do housework. 12．—Could you tell me ________ the Sihong Wetland Park? —Sure. Take the No. 101 bus and it will take you right there. A．how can I get to B．how I can get to C．when can I get to D．when I can get to 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——你能告诉我怎么去泗洪湿地公园吗？——当然。坐 101 路公交车直达。 how can I get to我怎样能到达；how I can get to我怎样能到达；when can I get to我何时能到达；when I can get to我何时能到达。“Could you tell me”后接宾语从句，从句必须使用陈述语序，答语回答的是交通方式，应用how引导宾语从句。应填how I can get to。 13．Do you know ________ buy the English workbook? A．where can we B．where will we C．where we can D．where does we 【答案】C 【详解】句意：你知道我们在哪里可以买到这本英语练习册吗？ “Do you know”后面是宾语从句，宾语从句的语序应为陈述句语序，即“连接词+主语+谓语+其他”，应填where we can。 14．Could you tell me how long ________ the book? I want to borrow one too. A．you have kept B．have you kept C．you have borrowed D．have you borrowed 【答案】A 【详解】句意：你能告诉我这本书你借了多久吗？我也想借一本。 这是宾语从句，需用陈述语序，可排除B、D；how long表示“多久”，提问的是持续的时间，因此从句中要使用延续性动词，borrow是短暂性动词，不能与how long连用，而keep是对应的延续性动词符合语境。 15．— Lucy, what does “Mend the pen after the sheep are lost” mean? — It tells us ________. A．why we must work hard every day B．what can we do to keep the sheep safe C．When should we buy a new pen D．what we should do when we make mistakes 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——露西，“亡羊补牢”是什么意思？——它告诉我们当我们犯错时应该做什么。 why we must work hard every day我们为什么必须每天努力工作；what can we do to keep the sheep safe我们能做些什么来保证羊的安全；When should we buy a new pen我们什么时候应该买一支新钢笔；what we should do when we make mistakes当我们犯错时，我们应该做什么。“Mend the pen after the sheep are lost”对应中文谚语“亡羊补牢”，寓意出了问题后及时补救。宾语从句需用陈述语序，B项和C项均为疑问语序，排除；A项强调努力工作，与谚语寓意不符；D项涉及犯错后的做法，既符合陈述语序，又契合“及时补救”的含义。 题型四：直接引语和间接引语 16．“Where is the forest?” he asked. → He asked ________. A．where the forest is B．where is the forest C．where the forest was D．where was the forest 【答案】C 【详解】句意：“森林在哪里？”他问道。→ 他问森林在哪里。 根据直接引语转间接引语的规则，主句asked是一般过去时，宾语从句应用相应的过去时态，且从句用陈述句语序，其他选项时态或语序错误，应填where the forest was。 17．He said, “I’m afraid of dogs.” The indirect speech is: He said ________ afraid of dogs. A．I’m B．he is C．he was D．I was 【答案】C 【详解】句意：他说：“我怕狗。”间接引语是：他说他怕狗。 根据主句谓语动词“said”为过去式，从句时态需遵循“主句过去时，从句过去时”原则，原直接引语中的“am”要变为“was”；同时直接引语中的主语“I”需指代主句主语“He”，要改为“he”，因此应填he was。 18．My grandpa said to my grandma, “There are two passports in it.” The indirect speech is: My grandpa said ________ two passports in it. A．there are B．there were C．there is D．there was 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我爷爷对我奶奶说：“里面有两本护照。”间接引语是：我爷爷说里面有两本护照。 句子是there be句型，主语“two passports”是复数，be动词用are或were，排除选项C和D；主句谓语动词said为一般过去时，宾语从句的时态需相应调整为过去时态；原句There are为一般现在时，变为间接引语时应改为一般过去时There were。 19．—She said, “I have been to Beijing twice.” —She said ________ she had been to Beijing twice. A．that B．if C．whether D．where 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——她说：“我去过北京两次。”——她说她去过北京两次。 考查宾语从句直接引语和间接引语的转换。that无实义，仅起连接作用；if是否；whether是否，常与or not连用；where哪里。原句是直接引语，转述为间接引语时，陈述句用that引导。故选A。 基础通关练（测试时间：10分钟） 1．He asked Tom ________ or not he would go to his birthday party the next day. A．if B．whether C．that D．when 【答案】B 【详解】句意：他问汤姆第二天是否要去参加他的生日派对。 if是否/如果；whether是否；that无实义；when什么时候。根据句中“or not”可知，此处考查固定搭配“whether ... or not”，意为“是否……”，if一般不与or not直接连用。whether符合语境。 2．I ________ think he ________ come to the party. He has so much work to do. A．/; won’t B．don’t; / C．don’t; won’t D．don’t; will 【答案】D 【详解】句意：我认为他不会来参加聚会。他有这么多工作要做。 句子是宾语从句，当主句主语是第一人称I，谓语动词是think时，否定形式通常转移到否定主句，即I don’t think…，从句用肯定形式，排除选项A和C；主句是一般现在时，从句根据需要选择适当的时态，根据后句“他有这么多工作要做”可推测他将不会来，从句用一般将来时，其结构是“will+动词原形”，排除选项B。 3．No one can predict ________ the oral English test will be postponed because of the sudden outbreak of flu in our city. A．how B．if C．that D．where 【答案】B 【详解】句意：没人能预料因为本市流感突然爆发，英语口语考试是否会延期。 how如何；if是否；that那个；where哪里。根据句意“No one can predict”可知，此处表示不确定口语考试是否会被推迟，存在疑问含义，应用if引导宾语从句，应填if。 4．He inquired ________ I had received the admission notice from the key high school he recommended. A．when B．if C．that D．which 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——他询问我是否收到了他推荐的重点高中的录取通知书。 when什么时候；if是否；that宾语从句引导词，无实义；which哪一个。根据动词“inquired”以及从句句意可知，此处表达询问“是否”收到通知书，if“是否”符合句意。 5．She couldn’t judge ________ the online course was worth spending so much time on before trying it out. A．how B．that C．if D．which 【答案】C 【详解】句意：在尝试之前，她无法判断这门在线课程是否值得花这么多时间。 how如何；that可引导陈述句，作连词；if是否；which哪个。宾语从句中表达“是否”的概念，应用if或whether。选项中if符合。 6．We can’t confirm ________ the disabled athlete can finish the marathon in 3 hours, for he has a serious leg injury. A．whose B．if C．that D．which 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我们无法确认这位残疾运动员能否在3小时内完成马拉松，因为他的腿部伤势严重。 whose谁的，引导定语从句；if是否，用来引导宾语从句；that引导宾语从句时无实际含义；which哪一个，哪一些。can’t confirm表无法确定，此处表示“无法确定残疾运动员能否3小时跑完马拉松”，用if。 7．They are not sure ________ the movie tickets are still available, so they plan to check online first. A．whose B．if C．that D．what 【答案】B 【详解】句意：他们不确定电影票是否还有售，因此他们计划先上网查询一下。 whose谁的；if是否；that引导宾语从句时无实际含义，仅作连接词；what什么。主句指“他们不确定”，说明从句带有疑问含义，且从句结构完整不缺成分，只需要表示疑问“是否”的连接词，只有if符合要求。 8．He told me clearly ________ he had seen the whole accident with his own eyes and nothing was made up. A．when B．whether C．that D．if 【答案】C 【详解】句意：他清楚地告诉我，他亲眼目睹了整场事故，没有任何编造的内容。 when什么时候；whether是否；that引导宾语从句时用于陈述确定的事实，无实际意义；if是否。主句为“He told me clearly”，动词told后接宾语从句，本句包含由and连接的两个并列宾语从句，两个从句自身句意完整、主谓成分齐全，不缺含义与句子成分，且clearly表语气确定，后接“目睹整场事故”的事实，因此用that引导。 9．We haven’t decided ________ we will go to the park by bike or by bus this Sunday. A．how B．whether C．that D．if 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我们还没决定这周日骑车还是坐公交去公园。 how怎样，充当状语；whether是否；that无实义；if是否。根据“by bike or by bus this Sunday.”可知，whether…or…表示“是……还是……”，应填whether。 10．I’m certain ________ he will keep his promise, for he is always a person who never breaks his word. A．why B．that C．if D．whether 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我确信他会信守承诺，因为他一向是个从不食言的人。 why为什么；that无实义；if是否；whether是否。固定搭配be certain that...表示“确信……”，此处that引导宾语从句，从句内容为确定的事实，不需要疑问词，应填that。 11．I really don’t know ________ Wang Wencai’s plant drawings are still kept in his laboratory or not. A．when B．that C．if D．whether 【答案】D 【详解】句意：我真的不知道王文采的植物手绘稿是否还存放在他的实验室里。 when什么时候；that那；那个；if如果；whether是否，根据“don’t know”可知，其后接宾语从句，结合“or not”可知，此处用whether引导的宾语从句。whether...or not是固定搭配，意为“是否……”。 12．It depends on ________ we can organize a visit to the botany museum next month. A．whether B．that C．if D．how 【答案】A 【详解】句意：这件事取决于我们下个月是否组织一次去植物博物馆的参观。 whether是否；that引导宾语从句,无实际语义；if是否，如果；how如何。depend on是介词短语，后跟宾语从句只能用whether，不能用if。 13．I’m not sure ________ we can visit the museum showing Wang Wencai’s plant specimens. A．who B．if C．that D．where 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我不确定我们是否能参观展出王文采植物标本的博物馆。 who谁；if是否；that（引导宾语从句无实义）；where哪里。根据题干“I’m not sure”及句意，表示“是否”，应用if引导宾语从句，应填if。 14．The passage tells us ________ Wang Wencai discovered and named about 1,370 new plant species. A．that B．whether C．if D．when 【答案】A 【详解】句意：这篇文章告诉我们王文采发现并命名了大约1370个植物新物种。 that引导宾语从句，从句是完整的陈述句、句意确定；whether/if用于表疑问含义“是否”；when表时间“什么时候”。句子为客观陈述事实，用that。 15．The saying “Practice makes perfect” tells us ________. A．why is practice important B．how we can improve ourselves C．what should we do to be skillful D．when we should start practicing 【答案】B 【详解】句意：谚语“熟能生巧”告诉我们如何提升自己。 宾语从句需用陈述语序（主语在前，谓语在后）；根据谚语含义，反复练习是为了变得熟练即提升自己。 重难突破练（测试时间：20分钟） 1．— Do you know ________ tomorrow? — I’ve no idea. Let’s check the weather report online. A．when did it start to rain B．when it started to rain C．when will it start to rain D．when it will start to rain 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——你知道明天什么时候开始下雨吗？——我不知道。我们在网上查一下天气预报吧。 宾语从句需用陈述语序，即“引导词+主语+谓语”，根据时间状语tomorrow可知从句应用一般将来时，故填“when it will start to rain”。 2．—Tom, have you heard the saying “A neighbor nearby is better than a relative far away”? —Yes, and I can’t agree more. It tells us _________. A．how can we be neighbors B．why we should love our families C．that timely support is helpful D．who is the best person in our life 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——汤姆，你听过“远亲不如近邻”这句谚语吗？——是的，我完全同意。它告诉我们及时的帮助很有用。   how can we be neighbors我们怎样才能成为邻居（疑问语序）；why we should love our families为什么我们应该爱我们的家人；that timely support is helpful及时的帮助很有用；who is the best person in our life谁是我们生活中最好的人。“It tells us”后是宾语从句，应是陈述语序；谚语“远亲不如近邻”强调近邻能在需要时提供及时的帮助，故选用that timely support is helpful。 3．The Chinese saying “A timely snow promises a fruitful year.” shows ________. A．how beautiful snow is B．that good snow will bring a good result C．when will it snow D．how will farmers get a good result 【答案】B 【详解】句意：中国谚语“瑞雪兆丰年”说明了好雪会带来好结果。 how beautiful snow is雪有多美；that good snow will bring a good result好雪会带来好结果；when will it snow什么时候会下雪；how will farmers get a good result农民将如何获得好收成。谚语“瑞雪兆丰年”的意思是及时的雪预示着丰收，因此说明的是“好雪会带来好结果”。宾语从句应用陈述语序，that good snow will bring a good result符合语法和语义。 4．—Kitty, do you know the meaning of “Still waters run deep”? —Sure. It shows ________. A．where is the deepest river B．why should we keep running C．what we should do to keep safe from water D．how a calm surface holds hidden power 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——凯蒂，你知道“Still waters run deep”的意思吗？ ——当然。它展示了平静的表面如何蕴藏着隐藏的力量。 where is the deepest river哪里是最深的河流，疑问句语序；why should we keep running为什么我们应该一直奔跑，疑问句语序；what we should do to keep safe from water我们应该做什么来远离水的危险，陈述句语序；how a calm surface holds hidden power平静的表面如何蕴藏着隐藏的力量，陈述句语序。动词shows后应是宾语从句，用陈述句语序；谚语“Still waters run deep”字面意思是“静水流深”，比喻外表平静的人或事物可能蕴藏着深刻的内涵或强大的力量，因此，“how a calm surface holds hidden power”最符合谚语含义。 5．—Hi, Lisa. I missed today’s weather report. —Oh, the radio host just said ________ tomorrow. It will be sunny. A．where would the weather be like B．where the weather would be like C．what would the weather be like D．what the weather would be like 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——嗨，Lisa，我错过了今天的天气预报。——哦，电台主持人刚刚说了明天天气会怎么样。明天会是晴天。 考查宾语从句的引导词和语序。询问天气的固定句型是 What's the weather like? ，因此引导词必须用 what，不能用表地点的 where，直接排除选项 A、B。宾语从句必须使用陈述语序（主语在前，谓语在后），不能用疑问语序（助动词提前）。选项 C 是疑问语序（would 放在主语 the weather 前），不符合规则；选项 D 是陈述语序（the weather would be like），符合语法要求。故选D。 6．—Cindy, could you please tell me ______ when I meet someone for the first time? —Why not ______ your teacher? A．what am I supposed to do; to ask B．what I was supposed to do; ask C．what I am supposed to do; ask D．how I am supposed to do; to ask 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——辛迪，你能告诉我第一次见面时我应该做什么吗？——为什么不问问你的老师呢？ 考查宾语从句和固定句型。第一空是宾语从句，需用陈述语序（主语+谓语），且主句“could you please tell me”虽用could表委婉，但并非过去时，从句时态应与语境一致，用一般现在时，排除B；第二空是固定句型“Why not do sth.?”，需用动词原形，排除A和D。故选C。 7．Peter doesn’t tell me when he ________. I’ll telephone you as soon as he ________. A．will come, comes B．will come, will come C．comes, will come D．comes, comes 【答案】A 【详解】句意：彼得没有告诉我他什么时候会来。他一到我就给你打电话。 考查时态。will come将会来，一般将来时；comes来，一般现在时第三人称单数。第一空，为when引导宾语从句，根据主句“doesn’t tell me”可知，“come”是将要发生的动作，应用一般将来时will come。第二空，为as soon as引导的时间状语从句，遵循“主将从现”原则，主句“I’ll telephone you”为一般将来时，从句应用一般现在时comes表将来。故选A。 8．She has an emergency and needs to leave immediately. Could you tell me ______? A．how long your uncle has married B．how long she will be away C．what the matter is with the machine D．what the boss complained to me just now 【答案】B 【详解】句意：她有急事需要立刻离开。你能告诉我她将离开多久？ 考查宾语从句的语序和动词用法。根据“Could you tell me…?”可知，从句是宾语从句，从句需用陈述句语序。A选项，语序正确，但“has married”中“marry”为瞬间动词，不能与表示持续时间的“how long”连用，应改为“has been married”；D选项，语序正确，但“complain”作及物动词时，通常需接“about”或“that”从句，此处“complained what”用法不正确，应改为“complained about what”，B、C选项，语序和用法都没问题；又根据前一句“She has an emergency and needs to leave immediately.”可知，她有急事需要立刻离开，自然衔接的是“她将离开多久”。故选B。 9．I never doubt ________ the Sanxingdui Museum is well worth ________. A．whether; visiting B．that; visiting C．that; being visited D．if; a visit 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我从不怀疑三星堆博物馆非常值得参观。 考查宾语从句引导词和worth的用法。whether是否； that无实义； if 是否；visiting值得参观，是动名词形式；being visited是动名词的被动形式，a visit是名词。doubt在否定句中后接that引导的宾语从句，“be worth doing”是固定搭配，意为“值得做某事”，用主动形式表被动含义，故选择B。 10．Which of the following sentences has a different sentence structure? A．Do you know there is a relationship between colours and moods? B．He is glad that the walls in his room are blue. C．It is a romantic film that is not suitable for children. D．I notice that light colours make rooms seem larger. 【答案】C 【详解】句意：下列哪个句子的句子结构不同？ 考查句子结构。选项A含有宾语从句，结构为助动词 (Do) +主语 (you) +谓语(know)+宾语从句 (there is a relationship...)；选项B含有宾语从句，结构为主语 (He) +系动词 (is)+表语 (glad) +宾语从句；选项C含有定语从句，结构为主语 (It)+系动词 (is)+表语 (a romantic film)+that从句 (定语从句)；选项D含有宾语从句，结构为主语 (I)+谓语(notice)+that从句 (宾语从句)。故选C。 11．The tourists are discussing ________ Chengdu or Changsha is the best city ________ at this time of the year. A．whether; to visit B．if; to visit C．whether; to be visited D．if; to be visited 【答案】A 【详解】句意：游客们正在讨论成都和长沙哪个是每年这个时候最适合游览的城市。 考查连词和非谓语动词用法。whether是否；if是否。根据“discussing…Chengdu or Changsha”可知，discuss后接“是否”时常用whether；“the best city…” 中，city与visit是主动关系，此处需要用动词不定式作后置定语，whether和to visit符合语境。故选A。 12．A report shows ________ teenagers need to devote more time ________ others. A．which; understanding B．whether; understanding C．that; to understand D．/; to understanding 【答案】D 【详解】句意：一份报告显示青少年需要投入更多时间理解他人。 考查宾语从句引导词和动词短语搭配。主句“A report shows”后接宾语从句，从句“teenagers need to devote more time to understanding others”为陈述事实，引导词“that”可省略。动词短语“devote time to”中“to”为介词，后需接动名词，因此“to understanding”正确。故选D。 13．—Mr. Qian, I forget ________. —I saw it ________ under your desk when I passed your classroom. A．where did I lay my soccer ball; lie B．where I put my soccer ball; lay C．where I laid my soccer ball; lying D．where did I put my soccer ball; lied 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——钱先生，我忘了我把足球放在哪里了。——当我经过你的教室时，我看见它正躺在你的桌子下。 考查宾语从句的语序和lie的用法。where did I lay my soccer ball我把球放在哪儿了；where I put my soccer ball我把足球放在哪里了；where I laid my soccer ball我放足球的地方；where did I put my soccer ball我把足球放哪儿了；lie躺着，动词原形；lay躺下，过去式；lying躺着，现在分词； lied撒谎，过去式。根据题意可知，本句是where引导的宾语从句，宾语从句要求使用陈述句语序（主语+谓语），且see sth. doing sth.表示看见某物正在做某事，强调当时正在发生，根据“when I passed your classroom”可知用现在分词lying。故选C。 14．I never doubt ________ the song My Motherland and I is well worth ________. A．whether; listening B．if; listening to C．that; listening to D．that; listening 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我从不怀疑歌曲《我和我的祖国》非常值得听。 考查宾语从句引导词和worth的用法。根据“I never doubt...the song My Motherland and I is well worth...”可知，第一空，在否定句“never doubt”中，宾语从句引导词应用that；第二空，be worth doing是固定搭配，意为“值得做”；但listen是不及物动词，接宾语“the song”时需加介词to，即“listen to the song”，此处需用listening to。故选C。 15．I wonder if he ________ to the meeting tonight. If he’s absent ________ it, he’ll be punished. A．will come; from B．comes; for C．comes; from D．will come; to 【答案】A 【详解】句意：我想知道他今晚是否会来开会。如果他缺席，他会受到惩罚。 考查宾语从句的时态及介词用法。第一个空，if引导宾语从句，意为“是否”，主句时态为一般现在时，从句需要用相应时态，根据时间状语tonight可知，从句使用一般将来时will come；be absent from为固定搭配，意为“缺席……”。故选A。 综合拓展练（测试时间：10分钟） Passage 1 Last summer, a heavy rainstorm hit our town. At first, it was just a normal rain, but soon the sky grew dark and the rain fell heavily. The river rose quickly and put many homes 1 danger. The water level kept rising by the minute. My family decided to leave early. We set 2 for my uncle’s house on the hill before the water got too high. I looked out the window and saw trees bending(弯曲) in the strong wind. I watched the rising water with 3 . My mom held my hand and told me everything would be okay. But I kept wondering 4 we could make it there safely. Finally, we saw the hill in the distance. We all felt a little relaxed. As soon as we arrived, it started raining harder and 5 . The wind also grew much stronger. Raindrops hit the windows like small stones. In 6 moment, the streets downstairs were all flooded. Watching the rising water from the window, my dad told us it 7 him of a terrible storm years ago. He shared how people then helped each other in the heavy rain. The rain 8 to fall heavily throughout the night. We couldn’t sleep well, but we felt thankful to be safe. 9 happened outside, at least we were together. The next morning, the rain finally stopped. We got down to helping our neighbors clean up their homes. As we worked, my mom said to me, “In times like this, we should stick 10 something meaningful to help others.” Everyone worked together. We were tired but thankful to be safe. 1．A．in B．down C．through 2．A．up B．off C．on 3．A．fear B．fears C．fear’s 4．A．why B．how C．whether 5．A．hard B．harder C．hardly 6．A．a B．an C．the 7．A．remind B．reminds C．reminded 8．A．continue B．continuing C．continued 9．A．Whatever B．Where C．When 10．A．do B．to do C．to doing 【答案】 1．A 2．B 3．A 4．C 5．B 6．A 7．C 8．C 9．A 10．C 【导语】本文讲述了一个家庭在暴雨洪水中逃往高地避难，最终安全并帮助邻居的故事。 1．句意：河水迅速上涨，使许多家庭处于危险之中。 put...in danger是固定短语，意为“使……处于危险中”，down“向下”、through“穿过”无法与其搭配。 2．句意：在水涨得太高之前，我们出发前往山上的叔叔家。 set off for是固定短语，意为“出发前往某地”，up“向上”、on“在上面”与语境不符。 3．句意：我怀着恐惧看着不断上涨的水。 with fear意为“恐惧地”，描述看到洪水时的心情，fear为不可数名词。 4．句意：但我一直在想是否我们能安全到达那里。 此处是whether引导宾语从句，表示“是否”，符合不确定的语境，why“为什么”、how“如何”语义不通。 5．句意：我们一到，雨就开始下得越来越大。 “harder and”表明此处应用比较级，harder and harder表示“越来越猛烈”。 6．句意：一瞬间，楼下的街道全部被淹。 in a moment是固定短语，意为“一瞬间、立刻”，moment以辅音音素开头。 7．句意：爸爸告诉我们，这让他想起了多年前的一场可怕风暴。 remind sb. of sth.意为“让某人想起某事”，“years ago”表明时态为一般过去时，用过去式reminded。 8．句意：大雨整夜持续猛烈地下着。 continue to do sth.意为“继续做某事”，本文时态为一般过去时，用过去式continued。 9．句意：外面发生无论什么事，至少我们在一起。 此处是Whatever引导让步状语从句，意为“无论什么”，Where“哪里”、When“什么时候”语义不通。 10．句意：我们应该坚持做一些有意义的事情来帮助别人。 stick to doing sth.是固定短语，意为“坚持做某事”，to是介词，后面跟动名词doing。 Passage 2 Mike has a good friend 1 Tom. Tom is not just a classmate, but his best 2 . Mike thinks Tom is very 3 and always helps him solve problems. Last month, Mike got through a hard time 4 Tom’s help. When Mike cried because of his exam failure, Tom sat quietly 5 him and encouraged him to study 6 and catch up with others. Mike felt nervous before the next exam, 7 he passed it finally with Tom’s support. Mike often says, “Every small difficulty 8 me grow stronger. 9 lucky I am to have such a good friend during my growth!” Now, he understands 10 important it is to support each other in growing up. 1．A．call B．called C．calling 2．A．friend B．friends C．friendly 3．A．wisely B．wise C．wisdom 4．A．on B．by C．with 5．A．beside B．between C．among 6．A．careful B．carefully C．care 7．A．but B．so C．because 8．A．make B．makes C．made 9．A．What B．How C．Which 10．A．how B．what C．that 【答案】 1．B 2．A 3．B 4．C 5．A 6．B 7．A 8．B 9．B 10．A 【导语】本文讲述了迈克与他的好友汤姆之间的友谊。在迈克考试失利时，汤姆鼓励他继续努力，最终迈克在汤姆的支持下通过了考试，并领悟到成长中相互支持的重要性。 1．句意：迈克有一个名叫汤姆的好朋友。 此处应用过去分词called作后置定语，表示“被叫作”，修饰friend。call为动词原形，calling为现在分词，均不符合被动含义。 2．句意：汤姆不仅是他的同学，更是他最好的朋友。 根据前文“a good friend”及后文描述，应用friend，表示“朋友”。friends为复数，friendly为形容词，均不符合“his best + 名词”的结构。 3．句意：迈克认为汤姆非常聪明，总是帮助他解决问题。 空格在is very后，应用形容词wise作表语，表示“聪明的”。wisely为副词，wisdom为名词，均不符合语法规则。 4．句意：上个月，迈克在汤姆的帮助下度过了一段艰难时期。 固定搭配with one’s help，意为“在某人的帮助下”，应用with。on、by均不能与此结构搭配。 5．句意：当迈克因考试失利哭泣时，汤姆静静地坐在他旁边。 根据句意，汤姆坐在他“旁边”，应用beside。between“在……之间”，among“在……之中”，均不符合两人位置关系。 6．句意：鼓励他认真学习并赶上其他人。 空格修饰动词study，应用副词carefully，表示“认真地”。careful为形容词，care为名词，均不能修饰动词。 7．句意：迈克在下次考试前感到很紧张，但最终在汤姆的支持下通过了。 前句“紧张”与后句“通过”构成转折关系，应用but。so表因果，because表原因，均不符合逻辑。 8．句意：每一个小困难都让我变得更坚强。 主语Every small difficulty为第三人称单数，且全文为一般现在时，应用makes。make为原形，made为过去式，均不符合主谓一致原则。 9．句意：在成长过程中有这样一个好朋友，我多么幸运啊！ 空格修饰形容词lucky，感叹句结构应用How。What修饰名词，Which表示选择，均不符合感叹形容词的结构。 10．句意：现在他明白了在成长过程中互相支持是多么重要。 空格修饰形容词important，且引导宾语从句，应用how，表示“多么”。what修饰名词，that引导陈述句，均不符合感叹结构。 1 / 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题01 宾语从句（期末复习讲义） 内 容 导 航 考情透视·目标导航 透析期末考向，锚定备考重心 知识梳理·方法技巧 梳理核心脉络，扫除知识盲区 考场练兵·分层实战 阶梯实战演练，验收复习成效 复习目标 复习重点： 掌握宾语从句的用法 复习难点： 掌握宾语从句的用法 一、宾语从句三要素：引导词、语序、时态 表 1：引导词分类 从句类型 引导词 用法说明 例句 陈述句 that 无词义，口语 / 非正式可省略；只起连接作用 I think (that) he is right. 一般疑问句 if / whether 含义：是否；二者大多可互换，固定搭配只用 whether I don't know if/whether he will come. She wonders whether to go. 特殊疑问句 what/who/whose/where/when/why/how 保留原疑问词义，在从句中充当成分 Could you tell me where he lives? 表 2：语序规则（必考：一律陈述语序：主语 + 谓语） 原句式 原语序 从句正确语序 错句&正确句 特殊疑问句 疑问词 + 助动词 + 主语 + 谓语 疑问词 + 主语 + 谓语 ×Do you know where does he live? √Do you know where he lives? 一般疑问句 助动词 + 主语 + 谓语 主语 + 谓语 ×I ask if is he at home. √I ask if he is at home. 口诀：去掉疑问倒装，变回主谓顺序 表 3：时态匹配（主句时态决定从句时态，核心考点） 主句时态 从句时态规则 例句 主句一般现在时（do/does/am/is/are） 从句根据实际句意，时态任意（现 / 过 / 将 / 完成） I know he lives here.(现) I know he lived here.(过) I know he will live here.(将来) 主句一般过去时（did/was/were） 从句统一换成对应过去时态： 现→过、将→过去将来、现完→过完 He said he lived here. He said he would live here. 客观真理 / 自然常识 从句永远用一般现在时，不受主句过去时态限制 The teacher told us the earth goes around the sun. 二、否定前移（必考小点） 规则 适用动词 例句 主语 I/We + think/believe/suppose，从句否定→否定主句 think, believe, suppose ×I think he isn't right. √I don't think he is right. 三、if/when 区分（宾语从句 vs 状语从句，易混） 词性 含义 时态规则 宾语从句 if 是否 按主从句时态规则 I don't know if it will rain tomorrow. 条件状语从句 if 如果 主将从现 If it rains tomorrow, we will stay home. 四、常见易错汇总表 易错点 错误写法 正确写法 陈述语序 I don't know what is he doing I don't know what he is doing 客观真理 Our teacher said the sun went up in east Our teacher said the sun goes up in east 否定转移 I think she can't swim I don't think she can swim 一、 1．City or country? I don’t know ________ as my living place because they both have good sides. A．who to choose B．which to choose C．what to choose D．when to choose 2．I wonder ________ at the school gate yesterday morning. A．who was he waiting for B．who he was waiting for C．who did he wait for D．who he waited for 3．They couldn’t believe ________ they heard on the news. A．where B．how C．what D．when 4．She asked me ________ I would help her with her physics problems after school, since she had fallen behind recently. A．where B．if C．that D．which 5．She announced ________ she had stayed up late to review math formulas for three nights in a row to prepare for the exam. A．how long B．if C．that D．whether 题型二：宾语从句时态 6．—What did your father say to you just now? —He asked me what I ________ at that moment. A．am doing B．was doing C．will do D．do 7．My teacher often tells me that kindness ________ the world warmer. A．make B．makes C．made D．is making 8．He said he ________ his grandparents in the countryside the coming winter holiday. A．visits B．visited C．will visit D．would visit 9．I don’t know when he ________ back. Please tell me when he ________ back. A．comes; comes B．will come; comes C．comes; will come D．will come; will come 10．The teacher told us that the Earth ________ around the sun. A．moved B．moves C．was moving D．had moved 题型三：宾语从句的语序 11．Which sentence is grammatically correct? A．Could you please to take out the rubbish? B．I think teenagers should learn to do housework. C．He doesn’t like help his mother with housework. D．My mother ask me to tidy up my room every day. 12．—Could you tell me ________ the Sihong Wetland Park? —Sure. Take the No. 101 bus and it will take you right there. A．how can I get to B．how I can get to C．when can I get to D．when I can get to 13．Do you know ________ buy the English workbook? A．where can we B．where will we C．where we can D．where does we 14．Could you tell me how long ________ the book? I want to borrow one too. A．you have kept B．have you kept C．you have borrowed D．have you borrowed 15．— Lucy, what does “Mend the pen after the sheep are lost” mean? — It tells us ________. A．why we must work hard every day B．what can we do to keep the sheep safe C．When should we buy a new pen D．what we should do when we make mistakes 题型四：直接引语和间接引语 16．“Where is the forest?” he asked. → He asked ________. A．where the forest is B．where is the forest C．where the forest was D．where was the forest 17．He said, “I’m afraid of dogs.” The indirect speech is: He said ________ afraid of dogs. A．I’m B．he is C．he was D．I was 18．My grandpa said to my grandma, “There are two passports in it.” The indirect speech is: My grandpa said ________ two passports in it. A．there are B．there were C．there is D．there was 19．—She said, “I have been to Beijing twice.” —She said ________ she had been to Beijing twice. A．that B．if C．whether D．where 基础通关练（测试时间：10分钟） 1．He asked Tom ________ or not he would go to his birthday party the next day. A．if B．whether C．that D．when 2．I ________ think he ________ come to the party. He has so much work to do. A．/; won’t B．don’t; / C．don’t; won’t D．don’t; will 3．No one can predict ________ the oral English test will be postponed because of the sudden outbreak of flu in our city. A．how B．if C．that D．where 4．He inquired ________ I had received the admission notice from the key high school he recommended. A．when B．if C．that D．which 5．She couldn’t judge ________ the online course was worth spending so much time on before trying it out. A．how B．that C．if D．which 6．We can’t confirm ________ the disabled athlete can finish the marathon in 3 hours, for he has a serious leg injury. A．whose B．if C．that D．which 7．They are not sure ________ the movie tickets are still available, so they plan to check online first. A．whose B．if C．that D．what 8．He told me clearly ________ he had seen the whole accident with his own eyes and nothing was made up. A．when B．whether C．that D．if 9．We haven’t decided ________ we will go to the park by bike or by bus this Sunday. A．how B．whether C．that D．if 10．I’m certain ________ he will keep his promise, for he is always a person who never breaks his word. A．why B．that C．if D．whether 11．I really don’t know ________ Wang Wencai’s plant drawings are still kept in his laboratory or not. A．when B．that C．if D．whether 12．It depends on ________ we can organize a visit to the botany museum next month. A．whether B．that C．if D．how 13．I’m not sure ________ we can visit the museum showing Wang Wencai’s plant specimens. A．who B．if C．that D．where 14．The passage tells us ________ Wang Wencai discovered and named about 1,370 new plant species. A．that B．whether C．if D．when 15．The saying “Practice makes perfect” tells us ________. A．why is practice important B．how we can improve ourselves C．what should we do to be skillful D．when we should start practicing 重难突破练（测试时间：20分钟） 1．— Do you know ________ tomorrow? — I’ve no idea. Let’s check the weather report online. A．when did it start to rain B．when it started to rain C．when will it start to rain D．when it will start to rain 2．—Tom, have you heard the saying “A neighbor nearby is better than a relative far away”? —Yes, and I can’t agree more. It tells us _________. A．how can we be neighbors B．why we should love our families C．that timely support is helpful D．who is the best person in our life 3．The Chinese saying “A timely snow promises a fruitful year.” shows ________. A．how beautiful snow is B．that good snow will bring a good result C．when will it snow D．how will farmers get a good result 4．—Kitty, do you know the meaning of “Still waters run deep”? —Sure. It shows ________. A．where is the deepest river B．why should we keep running C．what we should do to keep safe from water D．how a calm surface holds hidden power 5．—Hi, Lisa. I missed today’s weather report. —Oh, the radio host just said ________ tomorrow. It will be sunny. A．where would the weather be like B．where the weather would be like C．what would the weather be like D．what the weather would be like 6．—Cindy, could you please tell me ______ when I meet someone for the first time? —Why not ______ your teacher? A．what am I supposed to do; to ask B．what I was supposed to do; ask C．what I am supposed to do; ask D．how I am supposed to do; to ask 7．Peter doesn’t tell me when he ________. I’ll telephone you as soon as he ________. A．will come, comes B．will come, will come C．comes, will come D．comes, comes 8．She has an emergency and needs to leave immediately. Could you tell me ______? A．how long your uncle has married B．how long she will be away C．what the matter is with the machine D．what the boss complained to me just now 9．I never doubt ________ the Sanxingdui Museum is well worth ________. A．whether; visiting B．that; visiting C．that; being visited D．if; a visit 10．Which of the following sentences has a different sentence structure? A．Do you know there is a relationship between colours and moods? B．He is glad that the walls in his room are blue. C．It is a romantic film that is not suitable for children. D．I notice that light colours make rooms seem larger. 11．The tourists are discussing ________ Chengdu or Changsha is the best city ________ at this time of the year. A．whether; to visit B．if; to visit C．whether; to be visited D．if; to be visited 12．A report shows ________ teenagers need to devote more time ________ others. A．which; understanding B．whether; understanding C．that; to understand D．/; to understanding 13．—Mr. Qian, I forget ________. —I saw it ________ under your desk when I passed your classroom. A．where did I lay my soccer ball; lie B．where I put my soccer ball; lay C．where I laid my soccer ball; lying D．where did I put my soccer ball; lied 14．I never doubt ________ the song My Motherland and I is well worth ________. A．whether; listening B．if; listening to C．that; listening to D．that; listening 15．I wonder if he ________ to the meeting tonight. If he’s absent ________ it, he’ll be punished. A．will come; from B．comes; for C．comes; from D．will come; to 综合拓展练（测试时间：10分钟） Passage 1 Last summer, a heavy rainstorm hit our town. At first, it was just a normal rain, but soon the sky grew dark and the rain fell heavily. The river rose quickly and put many homes 1 danger. The water level kept rising by the minute. My family decided to leave early. We set 2 for my uncle’s house on the hill before the water got too high. I looked out the window and saw trees bending(弯曲) in the strong wind. I watched the rising water with 3 . My mom held my hand and told me everything would be okay. But I kept wondering 4 we could make it there safely. Finally, we saw the hill in the distance. We all felt a little relaxed. As soon as we arrived, it started raining harder and 5 . The wind also grew much stronger. Raindrops hit the windows like small stones. In 6 moment, the streets downstairs were all flooded. Watching the rising water from the window, my dad told us it 7 him of a terrible storm years ago. He shared how people then helped each other in the heavy rain. The rain 8 to fall heavily throughout the night. We couldn’t sleep well, but we felt thankful to be safe. 9 happened outside, at least we were together. The next morning, the rain finally stopped. We got down to helping our neighbors clean up their homes. As we worked, my mom said to me, “In times like this, we should stick 10 something meaningful to help others.” Everyone worked together. We were tired but thankful to be safe. 1．A．in B．down C．through 2．A．up B．off C．on 3．A．fear B．fears C．fear’s 4．A．why B．how C．whether 5．A．hard B．harder C．hardly 6．A．a B．an C．the 7．A．remind B．reminds C．reminded 8．A．continue B．continuing C．continued 9．A．Whatever B．Where C．When 10．A．do B．to do C．to doing Passage 2 Mike has a good friend 1 Tom. Tom is not just a classmate, but his best 2 . Mike thinks Tom is very 3 and always helps him solve problems. Last month, Mike got through a hard time 4 Tom’s help. When Mike cried because of his exam failure, Tom sat quietly 5 him and encouraged him to study 6 and catch up with others. Mike felt nervous before the next exam, 7 he passed it finally with Tom’s support. Mike often says, “Every small difficulty 8 me grow stronger. 9 lucky I am to have such a good friend during my growth!” Now, he understands 10 important it is to support each other in growing up. 1．A．call B．called C．calling 2．A．friend B．friends C．friendly 3．A．wisely B．wise C．wisdom 4．A．on B．by C．with 5．A．beside B．between C．among 6．A．careful B．carefully C．care 7．A．but B．so C．because 8．A．make B．makes C．made 9．A．What B．How C．Which 10．A．how B．what C．that 1 / 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $