专题03 Units 5～6高频考点+语法it形式主语&情态动词（期末复习讲义）八年级英语下学期新教材沪教版

专题 Units 5~6（期末复习讲义） 内 容 导 航 考情透视·目标导航 透析期末考向，锚定备考重心 知识梳理·方法技巧 梳理核心脉络，扫除知识盲区 考场练兵·分层实战 阶梯实战演练，验收复习成效 复习目标 复习重点： 1. 动词不定式作主语、宾语、宾补、状语、定语的基本结构。 2. enough to / too...to / It is + adj. + for/of sb. + to do 句型的用法与转换。 3. 动名词作主语和宾语（接特定动词及介词后）。 复习难点： 1. 区分并正确使用 remember/forget/regret/try/stop 后接 to do（未做/打算）与 doing（已做/方法/停止）的不同含义。 2. 掌握使役动词和感官动词作宾补时的规则：make/let/see/hear + 宾语 + do（不带 to）；其余动词用 to do。 3. 掌握介词后接动名词的结构：look forward to, have difficulty (in), be good at 等短语中的 to/at/in 为介词，后接 doing。 考情规律 掌握下列核心短语在具体语境中的正确搭配：volunteer, offer, suffer from, cheer up, encourage, have difficulty doing sth., look forward to, mean。 句型转换/翻译： • 形式主语 it 句型（It is + adj. + for/of sb. + to do） • too...to 与 enough to 互换 • 建议句型 Why don't you... / You'd better... 转换 Unit 5 知识点1 more than enough We had more than enough to eat. 我们有充足的食物。 more than enough 是一个固定短语，意为“绰绰有余；充足”，强调数量远超需求。 more than 本身意为“多于；超过”，后接数字、名词或形容词；enough 在此作代词，代指“足够的食物”。常见短语：more than enough + to do sth.（做某事绰绰有余） We have more than enough time to finish the project . 我们有充足的时间完成这个项目。 We have _______ food to feed all the guests. Don‘t worry. A. more than B. more than enough C. enough more than D. than enough more 知识点2 until We never worried about anything until one day, when I was about three. 我们一直无忧无虑，直到有一天，那时我大约三岁。 until 用作连词或介词，意为“直到……为止”。常用结构 not...until... 意为“直到……才……”，但本句为肯定句 never...until，表示“直到……之前从未……”。 常见短语： not...until...（直到……才……） never...until...（直到……之前从未……） I never realized the importance of health until I got sick. 我直到生病才意识到健康的重要性。 I _______ the true value of friendship _______ I experienced difficulties. A. realized; until B. didn't realize; until C. realized; not until D. didn't realize; not until 知识点3 without warning & shoot dead Without warning they raised their guns and shot dead my mother and several of my relatives. 毫无预警地，他们举起枪，枪杀了我的母亲和我的几个亲戚。 without warning是一个介词短语，意为“毫无预警地；突然地”，在句中作状语。 The storm came without warning. 暴风雨突如其来。 shoot dead是一个动词短语，意为“枪杀；击毙”。shoot 的过去式为 shot，后接 dead 作宾语补足语，表示“射杀致死”的结果。 常见搭配：shoot sb. dead（枪杀某人） be shot dead（被枪杀） The robber was shot dead by the police. 那个劫匪被警方击毙了。 The hunter _______ the wild wolf _______ with one shot. A. shot; death B. shot; dead C. shoot; dead D. shoots; dying 知识点4 be about to do sth. As I was about to be shot, one of them said, “Keep that little one.” 正当我即将被枪杀时，其中一个人说：“留下那头小的。” be about to do sth. 意为“即将做某事”，强调动作马上就要发生。本句使用被动形式 be about to be done，意为“即将被……”。 As I was about to leave, the phone rang. 我正要离开时，电话响了。 I _______ the house when the phone rang. A. was about to leave B. was leaving C. left D. would leave 知识点5 be forced to do sth. I was then trained and forced to do all kinds of stupid tricks to make humans laugh. 我随后被训练并被迫做各种愚蠢的把戏来逗人类发笑。 be forced to do sth. 是 force sb. to do sth.（强迫某人做某事）的被动形式，意为“被迫做某事”。常见搭配：force sb. to do sth.（强迫某人做某事）；be forced to do sth.（被迫做某事） The students were forced to stay indoors because of the storm. 由于暴风雨，学生们被迫待在室内。 The workers _______ work overtime every day by the manager last month. A. were forced to B. forced to C. were forcing to D. had forced to 知识点6 without a care They move around without a care in the world. 他们无忧无虑地再这个世界上四处走动。 without a care without a care” 意为“无忧无虑”“毫不担心”“什么都不在乎”，形容人非常轻松、自在，没有烦恼或压力。介词短语，常在句子中作状语，修饰动词（如 move, live, walk, dance 等）。“care” 在这里是不可数名词，表示“忧虑、挂念”。 She sings without a care, as if no one is watching. 她无忧无虑地唱歌，仿佛没有人看着。 The children ran along the beach _______，enjoying the sunshine. A. with a care B. without a care C. with care D. without care Unit 6 知识点1 work hard to do sth. & make ... a big success Last week, students at Yangguang Junior High School worked hard to make their English Week a big success. 上周，阳光初中的学生们努力使他们的英语周活动取得巨大成功。 work hard to do sth. 是一个动词短语，意为“努力做某事”，动词不定式 to do 表示目的，强调付出努力以达到某个目标。常见搭配：work hard at sth.（在某方面努力） The students worked hard to pass the exam.学生们努力学习通过考试。 make + 名词/代词 + a big success，使……获得巨大成功；让……成为一件非常成功的事情。make：使役动词，意为“使……成为……”a big success：名词短语，作宾语补足语，补充说明前面宾语的状态或结果，整体结构是 “动词 + 宾语 + 宾补”。 The team worked day and night to make the product launch a big success. 团队夜以继日地工作，使产品发布会大获成功。 The whole team _______ the art festival _______ last month. A. worked hard to make; a big success B. worked hard making; big success C. worked hardly to make; a big success D. worked hard to make; big successful 知识点2 promote This year’s theme was “promoting culture exchange”. 今年的主题是促进文化交流。 Promote 意为：促进，推动；宣传，推广；晋升。常用的结构有：用法结构 promote + 名词（最常见）：promote understanding（促进理解）；promote peace（促进和平）；promote friendship（增进友谊） promote + 名词 + to + 名词（晋升义）：promote sb to a higher position（把某人提拔到更高职位） promote + 名词 + as（推广义）：promote the city as a tourist destination（把该市推广为旅游目的地） Regular exercise promotes good health. 经常锻炼有助于促进身体健康。 The new policy aims to _______ economic development and create more jobs. A. promote B. prevent C. protest D. protect 知识点3 a number of There were a number of events and activities during the week. 那一周有许多活动和比赛。 a number of 意为“许多”“若干”，相当于 “some” 或 “several”，但数量感比它们稍强一些。 There were a number of interesting activities in school last week. 上周学校有许多有趣的活动。 短语 含义 修饰名词 谓语动词 a number of 许多…… 可数名词复数 复数 the number of ……的数量 可数名词复数 单数（因为主语是“数量”） 对比例句： A number of books are missing. 许多书不见了。 The number of missing books is ten. 丢失的书数量是十本。 _______ students in our school _______ interested in traditional Chinese painting. A. The number of; is B. A number of; are C. The number of; are D. A number of; is 知识点4 of one’s choice & in China and abroad They spoke two minutes on a topic of their choice, and there were wonderful speeches about recent technological developments in China and abroad.他们每人就自己选择的话题发言两分钟，其中有许多关于国内外近期技术发展的精彩演讲。 of one’s choice,含义“某人所选择的……” 或 “由某人自己选定的……” 强调“不是别人指定的，而是根据自己的意愿挑选的”。放在名词后面作后置定语，修饰前面的名词。 Each student gave a presentation on a topic of their choice.每个学生就自己选择的题目做了展示。 in China and abroad, 含义“在国内外” 或 “在中国和国外”。abroad 是副词，意为“在国外；到国外”，但在此结构中与 in China 并列，整体作地点状语或后置定语。 同义词：at home and abroad 国内外 Each student was asked to give a three-minute speech on a topic _______. A. of their choice B. of their choose C. of them choice D. by their choice 知识点5 have fun doing sth. They designed the costumes themselves and had great fun acting in the play. 他们自己设计服装，并且在剧中表演得非常开心。 have fun doing sth. 意为“做某事很开心”，后接动词的 -ing 形式。 同义表达：have a good time doing sth. / enjoy doing sth. 常用搭配：have fun with sth. 玩某物很开心 We had great fun in the English Week activities. 我们在英语周活动中玩得很开心。 The children _______ in the park yesterday afternoon. A. had fun to fly kites B. had fun flying kites C. have fun flying kites D. had fun fly kites 知识点6 give sb. a chance to do sth. It gave me a chance to learn about other parts of the world. 它给了我一个了解世界其他地方的机会。 give sb. a chance to do sth. 意为“给某人一个做某事的机会”。 常见搭配：give sb. a chance to do sth. 给某人做某事的机会 have a chance to do sth. 有机会做某事 miss a chance 错过机会 English Week gave students a chance to shine. 英语周给了学生一个展示自己的机会。 The competition _______ young musicians _______ to perform on a big stage. A. gave; a chance B. gave; chance C. give; a chance D. gives; chance to 知识点7 no wonder No wonder everyone is looking forward to next year's event! 难怪大家都期待明年的活动！ No wonder... 意为“难怪……；……不足为奇”，表示对某事不感到惊讶，因为前面已经说明了原因。完整形式：It is no wonder that... Su Mei did so well in the English speaking competition. No wonder she got first place. 苏梅在英语演讲比赛中表现如此出色，难怪她获得了第一名。 She practiced speaking English every day for two hours. _______ she won the first prize in the competition. A. No wonder B. No way C. No problem D. No doubt 语法总结 Unit 5 it 作形式主语 & enough it 作形式主语 理解：“it 作形式主语”是为了把长而重的主语后置，让句子结构平衡、重点突出、符合英语表达习惯。 结构一：It is + adj. + for sb. + to do sth. · 含义：对某人来说，做某事是怎样的。 · 形容词描述：事情的性质（重要、必要、容易、困难等）。 · 常用形容词： important, necessary, easy, difficult, simple, possible, normal, common, rare, safe, dangerous, convenient, comfortable… It is important for us to protect endangered animals.（保护濒危动物对我们很重要。） 结构二2：It is + 形容词 + of sb. + 动词不定式 · 含义：某人做某事，说明这个人怎么样。 · 形容词描述：人的品质、性格（善良、聪明、愚蠢、有礼貌等）。 · 可改写为：Sb. is + adj. + to do sth. 例如：It is kind of you to help. = You are kind to help. · 常用形容词： kind, nice, good, clever, wise, polite, generous, foolish, stupid, silly, rude, selfish, careless, mean, brave… It was very kind of you to help the homeless animals.（你帮助流浪动物，真好。） How rude of her to interrupt!（她打断别人，真没礼貌！） 句型对比表格： It is + adj. + for sb. + to do It is + adj. + of sb. + to do 形容词描述 事情的性质 人的品质、性格 可改写为 无 Sb. is + adj. + to do sth. 常见形容词 important, necessary, easy, difficult, simple, possible, normal, common, rare, safe, dangerous, convenient, comfortable… kind, nice, good, clever, wise, polite, generous, foolish, stupid, silly, rude, selfish, careless, mean, brave… 判断技巧 形容词不能直接形容人 形容词可以直接形容人 快速判断法： 把 It is...to do 去掉，只看形容词能否形容“人”。 补充要点： 1）否定结构：It is + not + adj. + for sb. + to do sth. It is not necessary for you to come early. It was not wise of him to tell lies. 2）时态变化 It was easy for me to finish the work. It will be impossible for them to arrive on time. 3）特殊形容词：right / wrong 两个结构都能用，但含义不同： It is wrong for him to smoke. 吸烟这件事对他来说是错的 It is wrong of him to smoke.他这个人做吸烟的事——更强调品行不好 enough的用法 1. enough 修饰形容词 / 副词 · 结构：形容词/副词 + enough · 含义：足够…… · 注意：enough 必须放在形容词或副词的后面。 He is old enough to go to school.（他足够大，能上学了。） She speaks clearly enough for everyone to understand.（她讲得足够清楚，大家都能听懂。） 2.enough + 名词 · 结构：enough + 名词 · 含义：足够的…… · 注意：enough 放在名词前面。 We have enough food for the whole family. Do you have enough money to buy the ticket? · 否定形式： We don’t have enough time. 我们没有足够的时间。 There isn’t enough water. 没有足够的水。 3.enough 与不定式搭配 · 结构：形容词/副词 + enough + to do sth. · 含义：足够……可以做某事 He is strong enough to lift the box. 他足够强壮，能举起这个箱子。 The box is light enough for the child to carry. 这个盒子足够轻，孩子能搬动。 补充要点 ① enough 单独使用（作代词或副词） I’ve had enough.（代词：我吃饱了 / 受够了） You don’t practice enough.（副词：你练习得不够） ② not + adj./adv. + enough + to do 与 too...to... 互换 He is not old enough to drive. = He is too young to drive. （练习时可让学生改写） ③ 易错点：enough 与“形容词 + 名词”的位置 当 enough 修饰形容词，而该形容词又修饰名词时，enough 仍然放在形容词后面： ✅ I have big enough shoes. ❌ I have enough big shoes.（会被误解为“足够的、大的鞋”） ④ 不定式逻辑主语不同时，需用 for sb. The box is light enough for a child to carry. （不能说“The box is light enough to carry”，因为箱子自己不能搬自己） 综合练习 A. 用 for 或 of 填空 1. It was silly ____ you to trust a stranger. 2. Is it safe ____ children to swim here? 3. It is very generous ____ her to donate so much money. 4. It is impossible ____ us to finish in one hour. B. 用 enough 的正确形式填空或改错 5. The water is ______ (hot) to make tea. 6. She spoke ______ (clear enough / enough clear) for us to hear. 7. He doesn’t have ______ (enough experience / experience enough) for this job. 8. 改错：This box is light enough for him to carry it. C. 翻译句子 9. 你真好，把答案分享给大家。（用 of 结构） 10.这片湿地不够大，容不下这么多鸟生活。（用 not + adj. + enough + for sb. to do） D. 句型转换（将 too...to 改为 not + adj. + enough） 11. The boy is too young to understand this. → ________________________________________________ Unit 6 情态动词：should & had better 1. should 的用法 句式 结构 例句 肯定句 主语 + should + 动词原形 You should pick something related to Chinese culture. 否定句 主语 + shouldn't + 动词原形 You shouldn't put too much information on your poster. 疑问句 Should + 主语 + 动词原形？ Should I make a poster about the Silk Road? 用法要点： 用法 说明 例句 义务/责任 表示“应该做某事”，带有道义上的责任 We should protect endangered animals. 建议/劝告 给出建议，比 must 委婉 You should eat more vegetables. 预期/推测 表示“按道理应该会……” The package should arrive today. 2.had better 的用法 句式 结构 例句 肯定句 主语 + had better + 动词原形 You 'd better start early. 否定句 主语 + had better not + 动词原形 You 'd better not pick such a broad topic. 💡 had better 常缩写为 'd better。 ⚠️ 注意：had 是固定形式，不表示过去，也没有时态变化。不能说 have better 或 will better。 用法要点： · 针对特定情况提出强烈建议。 · 暗示：如果建议不被采纳，可能产生不良后果。 · 语气比 should 更强、更紧迫。 · 主要用于口语和非正式场合。 语气强度对比（由弱到强）： could (可以) < should (应该) < had better (最好) < must (必须) 例句对比： You should see a doctor.（建议，语气温和） You 'd better see a doctor.（强烈建议，隐含“否则病情会加重”） 3.类似表达：ought to 句式 结构 例句 肯定句 主语 + ought to + 动词原形 You ought to read more English books. 否定句 主语 + ought not to+ 动词原形 You ought not to waste time. ⚠️ ought to 的否定是 ought not to，疑问句很少用，通常用 Should...? 替代。 4. 与 should 的关系 · ought to 与 should 意思基本相同，都表示“应该”。 · 区别： should 更常用、更自然。 ought to 语气略强一些，带有“按道理、按理说”的色彩。 · 在绝大多数情况下可以互换。 同义转换练习： We ought to protect wild animals. = We should protect wild animals. 常见错误提醒 错误类型 错误示例 正确示例 had better 后加 to You'd better to go. You'd better go. had better 的 had 误用为 have You have better go. You had better go. 否定位置错误 You had better not to go. You had better not go. ought to 否定漏掉 to You ought not go. You ought not to go. should 后加 to You should to go. You should go. 综合练习 A. 用 should / shouldn't / had better / had better not / ought to 填空 1.You look pale. You _______ see a doctor. 2.You _______ be late again, or the teacher will be angry. 3. _______ I bring a gift to the party? 4. You _______ to finish your homework before playing games. 5.The sky is very dark. It _______ rain soon. (表示推测) B. 句型转换 6. You ought to help your sister. (改为同义句，用 should) → _________________________________ 7. You had better tell him the truth. (改为否定句) → _________________________________ 8.We should cut down fewer trees. (改为否定句) → _________________________________ C. 翻译句子 9.你最好不要在公共场合大声说话。 → _________________________________ 10.我们应该尊重老人。 → _________________________________ 基础通关练（测试时间：10分钟） 一、单项选择 1．—Why didn’t you stop the boy from throwing rocks at the duck? —Because I was not ________ to argue with him at that time. A．enough brave B．brave enough C．enough bravely D．bravely enough 2．We need to be quick enough ________ the injured bird. A．help B．helping C．to help D．helped 3．________ is necessary for teenagers to learn about nature and the environment. A．This B．That C．It D．What 4．It’s clever ________ him ________ think of such a good idea to raise money. A．for; to B．of; to C．for; of D．of; of 5．It’s selfish ________ you to keep all the food to yourself, so it is important ________ you to learn to share with others. A．to; for B．of; for C．for; for D．of; of 6．It is ________ for us ________ the wetlands, as they are the home of many rare birds. A．important; to protect B．important; protecting C．importantly; to protect D．importantly; protecting 7．You ________ eat too much food before you go to bed, or it’s harmful to your teeth. A．can B．could C．shouldn’t D．would 8．While watching the film, you ________ make any noise. A．not ought to B．ought not to C．don’t ought to D．ought to not 9．You ________ plan your time well before exams. A．had better B．can’t C．mustn’t D．needn’t 10．The box is ________ heavy for the little boy ________ carry. A．too; to B．enough; to C．so; that D．such; that 二、完成句子 11．You are stupid. You make the same mistake. = _______ _______ ________ you _______ _______ the same mistake. 12．We need to arrive on time tomorrow. This is important. (合并为一句)   It’s ________ ________ ________ to arrive on time tomorrow. 13．他年龄太小，不能上学。 He is not ________________________ go to school. = He is ________________________ go to school. 14．他年龄够大能上学。 He is ________ ________ to go to school. =He is ________ old ________ he can go to school. 15．这个男孩足够强壮，他能提起这么重的行李。 The boy is ________strong ________ he can carry such a heavy suitcase. =The boy is _________ ________ ________ _________ such a heavy suitcase. 16．The boy is not old enough to go to school. = The boy is _______ _______ ________ _________ to school. 17．你最好不要吃太多垃圾食品。 You ________ ________ ________ ________ too much junk food. 18．我们应该依靠父母吗? _________ we _________ _________ our parents? 19．有些同学不太勇敢不敢在公众面前讲话。 Some students are ________ ________ _________ ________ speak in public. 20．Tom spent too much time practising single strokes when he started to do calligraphy. (同义句转换) It ________ Tom too much time ________ ________ single strokes when he started to do calligraphy. 21．每天练习说英语对我们来说很有必要。 →________ ________ for us to practice speaking English every day. 22．Learning from mistakes is important for a team.（改为同义句） ________ ________ important for a team ________ ________ from mistakes. 23．晚餐后你应该去散散步。 You _______ ________ ________ _______ _____ after dinner. 24．该是我们去上学的时候了。 ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ to school. 25．他们杀害濒危动物真是太残忍了。 ________ ________ ________ them to kill endangered animals. 重难突破练（测试时间：20分钟） 一、语法选择 （25-26八年级下·广东广州·期中） You want to know about my staying in America, don’t you? Well, to tell you the truth, it is really 1 eye-opening experience to study here. In China, I had English classes five times a week since 2 grade. However, I didn’t know how difference textbook English could be from everyday English until I came to Hotchkiss School, Conmecticut. When I first studied English, I was told to say, “I am fine.” when people said “How are you?” But in the USA, I 3 that people said, “I am good.” or “I am tired.” One day, 4 greeted me with “What’s up?” It made me confused. I thought for a moment and then smiled because I didn’t know what to say. Since then, I 5 more and more differences 6 Chinese and US cultures. To my 7 , US girls spend a lot of time staying in the burning sun 8 a tan (晒黑). However, in China, girls try every possible way to get their skin paler or “whiter”. I am also surprised by how 9 US students study. Before that, I think only students in China study hard. But after coming here, I know a “good” student 10 get good grades, do a lot of the public and play sports or music if he wants to go to a top university. The kids here are so talented, I am starting to be sorry that I gave up playing the piano at an early age and that I have never thought about sports. 1．A．a B．an C．the D．/ 2．A．the five B．five C．the fifth D．fifth 3．A．find B．found C．finds D．was finding 4．A．someone B．anyone C．nobody D．anybody 5．A．discovered B．are discovering C．will discover D．have discovered 6．A．from B．beside C．between D．among 7．A．surprised B．surprise C．surprising D．surprises 8．A．get B．to get C．getting D．got 9．A．hard B．harder C．hardest D．hardly 10．A．should B．would C．are able to D．may 二、短文填空 阅读短文内容，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Ao Xue is a fantastic snow leopard (雪豹) from a wildlife park in Xining. This year, she celebrated her ninth birthday. Snow leopards are large animals. They are more than one metre long and can 1 (weigh) up to 75 kg. These beautiful animals live in high and cold mountains. They might get sick in the zoo 2 the air and temperature are different there. Actually, workers and scientists once tried raising (饲养) seven baby snow leopards before Ao Xue, but all of 3 (they) died. The result made the workers and scientists very 4 (disappoint). In 2016, Ao Xue and her twin sister 5 (be) born. The park team built 6 comfortable home for them. It looked like the snow leopard’s natural habitat (栖息地). Workers looked after the babies 7 (careful). Finally, only Ao Xue made it and grew well. In 2019, the park was glad 8 welcome another pair of snow leopard twins, Shui Mo and YouHua. This time, the team improved the feeding plan and also checked (检查) their health every day. Thanks to the hard work, the babies grew much 9 (heavy) than Ao Xue did at the same age. The park team is happy to play a role in 10 (protect) snow leopards. With more love, snow leopards will keep living in our mountains. 综合拓展练（测试时间：10分钟） 阅读理解 （25-26八年级下·广东深圳·期中） The giant Amazon rainforest in South America has been a mystery for centuries. It holds all kinds of natural wonders. Among them in Colombia, a river stands out as “the most beautiful river” in the world. Locally called Camio Cristales, this special river lies in a national park. It is made up of several waterfalls rapids, and plenty of pools. For most of the year, Canio Cristales looks like a common river: clean, green, and rocky. However, during the short period between September and November, the river explodes（迸发）with life and color. It appears as any mix of colors including blue, green, yellow, orange, and a purplish red. So it is also known as the “River of Five Colors”. Although at first it may appear as if some chemicals were added to the water, this rainbow river is completely natural. Cafio Cristales’ colors are the result of a rare（稀有） water plant which needs sunlight to grow. The plants change color depending on how much sunlight they receive, and the amount is decided by the height and speed of the water. Therefore, it is possible for the plants to be totally colorless if the sunlight is too hard to get. They are a delicate plant. This makes them easily damaged in the water. Actually, the river faces some problems, including drier seasons, wildlife trouble, waste management, and budget （预算）cuts. In 2007, the park was forced to close because it was over-crowded with tourists. Now the park admits only 200 people a day and requires them to mind their behaviour. Today, Cano Cristales still shines among Colombia’s most popular natural attractions, drawing thousands of tourists every year. 1．When is the best time to visit Cafio Cristales? A．In January. B．In March. C．In June. D．In October. 2．Why is Cano Cristales colourful? A．A special plant lives in it. B．People add chemicals to it. C．The water is badly polluted. D．The weather is changeable there. 3．What does the underlined word “delicate” in paragraph 3 probably mean? A．Special. B．Weak. C．Lively. D．Beautiful. 4．What once caused the park to be closed? A．Too many visitors.B．The poor service. C．Too much rubbish. D．The wildlife problem. 5．What is the best title of the text? A．How to Visit Cano Cristales B．Natural Beauty in Colombia C．World’s Most Beautiful River D．Protecting the River of Five Colors （25-26八年级下·广东深圳·期中） “Are you happy with your size now?” asked the Caterpillar. “I would be happier if I could be a bit larger,” said Alice. “Three inches is a terrible height for a child.” This made the Caterpillar angry. “It is a good height!” It was three inches high. “But I don’t like it,” Alice answered sadly. “You get happy so easily.” “You’ll get used to it soon,” the Caterpillar said. Alice waited for it to speak again. Before it did, it yawned (打哈欠) and shook its body. Then it got down from the mushroom and started to move away. It went on, “One side will make you grow taller and the other will make you grow shorter.” “One side of what? The other side of what?” Alice thought. “Of the mushroom,” said the Caterpillar just as if Alice had asked the question aloud. In another minute, it was out of sight. Alice stayed there by herself and looked at the mushroom for a minute. She tried to decide which were the two sides of it, because it was round. At last Alice broke off a bit with each hand. “Which is which?” She had a small piece of it in her right hand from the right side of the mushroom. And then she had another piece in her left hand from the left side of the mushroom. She tasted the small piece from the right hand to see how it worked. The next thing she knew was that she was getting smaller! That made her so afraid that she started to taste the other piece from her left hand at once. Now she grew as tall as the trees in the woods! 6．How did Alice feel about her height when she was talking to the Caterpillar? A．She thought she would get used to it. B．She wanted to be a little shorter. C．She wished she could be a bit taller. D．She found it was nice for a child. 7．What does the underlined word “it” stand for in this story? A．Alice’s size. B．the Caterpillar’s body C．the mushroom. D．the Caterpillar’s anger 8．Imagine facing the mushroom as Alice did, which side of the mushroom made Alice smaller? (图中①②为左右两侧，③为顶部，④为底部) A．① B．② C．③ D．④ 9．Which is the right order of the story? ①Alice tasted a piece from the left side of the mushroom. ②The Caterpillar got down from the mushroom and started moving away. ③Alice didn’t know which side of the mushroom to taste. ④Alice tasted a piece from the right side of the mushroom. ⑤The Caterpillar told Alice how to grow shorter or taller. A．②③⑤①④ B．⑤②③①④ C．⑤③②④① D．②⑤③④① 10．What can we infer from the last paragraph? A．Alice figured out how the mushroom worked. B．The mushroom, which was deadly, took Alice’s life. C．Alice enjoyed the mushroom quite a lot. D．Alice tasted the mushroom but nothing happened. 第 19 页 共 27 页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题 Units 5~6（期末复习讲义） 内 容 导 航 考情透视·目标导航 透析期末考向，锚定备考重心 知识梳理·方法技巧 梳理核心脉络，扫除知识盲区 考场练兵·分层实战 阶梯实战演练，验收复习成效 复习目标 复习重点： 1. 动词不定式作主语、宾语、宾补、状语、定语的基本结构。 2. enough to / too...to / It is + adj. + for/of sb. + to do 句型的用法与转换。 3. 动名词作主语和宾语（接特定动词及介词后）。 4. 区分 -ing 与 -ed 形容词：exciting/excited, amazing/amazed 等 复习难点： 1. 区分并正确使用 remember/forget/regret/try/stop 后接 to do（未做/打算）与 doing（已做/方法/停止）的不同含义。 2. 掌握使役动词和感官动词作宾补时的规则：make/let/see/hear + 宾语 + do（不带 to）；其余动词用 to do。 3. 掌握介词后接动名词的结构：look forward to, have difficulty (in), be good at 等短语中的 to/at/in 为介词，后接 doing。 考情规律 掌握下列核心短语在具体语境中的正确搭配：volunteer, offer, suffer from, cheer up, encourage, have difficulty doing sth., look forward to, mean。 句型转换/翻译： • 形式主语 it 句型（It is + adj. + for/of sb. + to do） • too...to 与 enough to 互换 • 建议句型 Why don't you... / You'd better... 转换 Unit 5 知识点1 more than enough We had more than enough to eat. 我们有充足的食物。 more than enough 是一个固定短语，意为“绰绰有余；充足”，强调数量远超需求。 more than 本身意为“多于；超过”，后接数字、名词或形容词；enough 在此作代词，代指“足够的食物”。常见短语：more than enough + to do sth.（做某事绰绰有余） We have more than enough time to finish the project . 我们有充足的时间完成这个项目。 We have _______ food to feed all the guests. Don‘t worry. A. more than B. more than enough C. enough more than D. than enough more 解析：句意：我们有绰绰有余的食物来招待所有客人，别担心。固定短语 more than enough 意为“绰绰有余；充足”，强调数量远超需求，后接名词 food。选项 A more than 单独使用意为“多于”，但不能直接修饰名词表示“充足”；选项 C、D 语序错误。故选 B。 知识点2 until We never worried about anything until one day, when I was about three. 我们一直无忧无虑，直到有一天，那时我大约三岁。 until 用作连词或介词，意为“直到……为止”。常用结构 not...until... 意为“直到……才……”，但本句为肯定句 never...until，表示“直到……之前从未……”。 常见短语： not...until...（直到……才……） never...until...（直到……之前从未……） I never realized the importance of health until I got sick. 我直到生病才意识到健康的重要性。 I _______ the true value of friendship _______ I experienced difficulties. A. realized; until B. didn't realize; until C. realized; not until D. didn't realize; not until 详解：句意：直到我经历了困难，我才意识到友谊的真正价值。not...until... 意为“直到……才……”，句子强调“之前没有意识到”，需用否定主句。主句动作 realized 用过去时否定 didn't realize，until 引导时间状语从句。选项 A 缺少否定，含义错误；选项 C、D 结构不正确。故选 B。 知识点3 without warning & shoot dead Without warning they raised their guns and shot dead my mother and several of my relatives. 毫无预警地，他们举起枪，枪杀了我的母亲和我的几个亲戚。 without warning是一个介词短语，意为“毫无预警地；突然地”，在句中作状语。 The storm came without warning. 暴风雨突如其来。 shoot dead是一个动词短语，意为“枪杀；击毙”。shoot 的过去式为 shot，后接 dead 作宾语补足语，表示“射杀致死”的结果。 常见搭配：shoot sb. dead（枪杀某人） be shot dead（被枪杀） The robber was shot dead by the police. 那个劫匪被警方击毙了。 The hunter _______ the wild wolf _______ with one shot. A. shot; death B. shot; dead C. shoot; dead D. shoots; dying 解析：句意：猎人一枪击毙了那只野狼。shoot sb. dead 是固定短语，意为“枪杀某人”，shoot 的过去式为 shot，dead 作宾语补足语表示结果。选项 A 中 death 是名词，不能作补足语；选项 C、D 时态错误。故选 B。 知识点4 be about to do sth. As I was about to be shot, one of them said, “Keep that little one.” 正当我即将被枪杀时，其中一个人说：“留下那头小的。” be about to do sth. 意为“即将做某事”，强调动作马上就要发生。本句使用被动形式 be about to be done，意为“即将被……”。 As I was about to leave, the phone rang. 我正要离开时，电话响了。 I _______ the house when the phone rang. A. was about to leave B. was leaving C. left D. would leave 解析：句意：我正要离开房子时，电话响了。be about to do sth. 表示“即将做某事”，强调动作马上就要发生，常与 when 引导的突然发生的事件连用。选项 B 过去进行时表示“正在离开”，但 when 从句通常与“正要……突然”结构搭配；选项 C 一般过去时和选项 D would leave 无法体现“即将发生”的紧迫感。故选 A。 知识点5 be forced to do sth. I was then trained and forced to do all kinds of stupid tricks to make humans laugh. 我随后被训练并被迫做各种愚蠢的把戏来逗人类发笑。 be forced to do sth. 是 force sb. to do sth.（强迫某人做某事）的被动形式，意为“被迫做某事”。常见搭配：force sb. to do sth.（强迫某人做某事）；be forced to do sth.（被迫做某事） The students were forced to stay indoors because of the storm. 由于暴风雨，学生们被迫待在室内。 The workers _______ work overtime every day by the manager last month. A. were forced to B. forced to C. were forcing to D. had forced to 解析：句意：上个月工人们每天被迫加班。force sb. to do sth. 的被动结构为 be forced to do sth.，主语 workers 与 force 之间为被动关系，时间状语 last month 提示用一般过去时，复数主语用 were forced to。选项 B 缺少 be 动词；选项 C、D 为主动形式或时态错误。故选 A。 知识点6 without a care They move around without a care in the world. 他们无忧无虑地再这个世界上四处走动。 without a care without a care” 意为“无忧无虑”“毫不担心”“什么都不在乎”，形容人非常轻松、自在，没有烦恼或压力。介词短语，常在句子中作状语，修饰动词（如 move, live, walk, dance 等）。“care” 在这里是不可数名词，表示“忧虑、挂念”。 She sings without a care, as if no one is watching. 她无忧无虑地唱歌，仿佛没有人看着。 The children ran along the beach _______，enjoying the sunshine. A. with a care B. without a care C. with care D. without care 解析：句意：孩子们无忧无虑地沿着海滩奔跑，享受着阳光。固定短语 without a care 意为“无忧无虑地”，在句中作状语，修饰动词 ran。选项 A、C 与句意相反（有忧虑/小心）；选项 D without care 意为“不仔细”，不符合句意。故选 B。 Unit 6 知识点1 work hard to do sth. & make ... a big success Last week, students at Yangguang Junior High School worked hard to make their English Week a big success. 上周，阳光初中的学生们努力使他们的英语周活动取得巨大成功。 work hard to do sth. 是一个动词短语，意为“努力做某事”，动词不定式 to do 表示目的，强调付出努力以达到某个目标。常见搭配：work hard at sth.（在某方面努力） The students worked hard to pass the exam.学生们努力学习通过考试。 make + 名词/代词 + a big success，使……获得巨大成功；让……成为一件非常成功的事情。make：使役动词，意为“使……成为……”a big success：名词短语，作宾语补足语，补充说明前面宾语的状态或结果，整体结构是 “动词 + 宾语 + 宾补”。 The team worked day and night to make the product launch a big success. 团队夜以继日地工作，使产品发布会大获成功。 The whole team _______ the art festival _______ last month. A. worked hard to make; a big success B. worked hard making; big success C. worked hardly to make; a big success D. worked hard to make; big successful 详解：句意：整个团队上个月努力使艺术节取得了巨大成功。work hard to do sth. 意为“努力做某事”，hard 是副词，work hard 固定搭配；make...a big success 中 a big success 作宾语补足语。选项 B 中 work hard doing 结构错误；选项 C 中 hardly 意为“几乎不”，不符合句意；选项 D 中 big successful 词性错误（successful 是形容词，不能作宾语补足语）。故选 A。 知识点2 promote This year’s theme was “promoting culture exchange”. 今年的主题是促进文化交流。 Promote 意为：促进，推动；宣传，推广；晋升。常用的结构有：用法结构 promote + 名词（最常见）：promote understanding（促进理解）；promote peace（促进和平）；promote friendship（增进友谊） promote + 名词 + to + 名词（晋升义）：promote sb to a higher position（把某人提拔到更高职位） promote + 名词 + as（推广义）：promote the city as a tourist destination（把该市推广为旅游目的地） Regular exercise promotes good health. 经常锻炼有助于促进身体健康。 The new policy aims to _______ economic development and create more jobs. A. promote B. prevent C. protest D. protect 解析：句意：新政策旨在促进经济发展并创造更多就业机会。promote 意为“促进、推动”，符合句意。选项 B prevent“阻止”；选项 C protest“抗议”；选项 D protect“保护”，均与句意不符。故选 A。 知识点3 a number of There were a number of events and activities during the week. 那一周有许多活动和比赛。 a number of 意为“许多”“若干”，相当于 “some” 或 “several”，但数量感比它们稍强一些。 There were a number of interesting activities in school last week. 上周学校有许多有趣的活动。 短语 含义 修饰名词 谓语动词 a number of 许多…… 可数名词复数 复数 the number of ……的数量 可数名词复数 单数（因为主语是“数量”） 对比例句： A number of books are missing. 许多书不见了。 The number of missing books is ten. 丢失的书数量是十本。 _______ students in our school _______ interested in traditional Chinese painting. A. The number of; is B. A number of; are C. The number of; are D. A number of; is 解析：句意：我们学校许多学生对中国传统绘画感兴趣。a number of 意为“许多”，修饰可数名词复数，谓语动词用复数形式 are。the number of 意为“……的数量”，谓语动词用单数，不符合本题语境（句意强调“许多学生感兴趣”，而非“数量是多少”）。故选 B。 知识点4 of one’s choice & in China and abroad They spoke two minutes on a topic of their choice, and there were wonderful speeches about recent technological developments in China and abroad.他们每人就自己选择的话题发言两分钟，其中有许多关于国内外近期技术发展的精彩演讲。 of one’s choice,含义“某人所选择的……” 或 “由某人自己选定的……” 强调“不是别人指定的，而是根据自己的意愿挑选的”。放在名词后面作后置定语，修饰前面的名词。 Each student gave a presentation on a topic of their choice.每个学生就自己选择的题目做了展示。 in China and abroad, 含义“在国内外” 或 “在中国和国外”。abroad 是副词，意为“在国外；到国外”，但在此结构中与 in China 并列，整体作地点状语或后置定语。 同义词：at home and abroad 国内外 Each student was asked to give a three-minute speech on a topic _______. A. of their choice B. of their choose C. of them choice D. by their choice 解析：句意：每个学生被要求就他们自己选择的话题做一个三分钟的演讲。of one's choice 是固定短语，意为“某人所选择的”，choice 是名词，物主代词与主语一致。选项 B 中 choose 是动词；选项 C 结构错误；选项 D 介词 by 不正确。故选 A。 知识点5 have fun doing sth. They designed the costumes themselves and had great fun acting in the play. 他们自己设计服装，并且在剧中表演得非常开心。 have fun doing sth. 意为“做某事很开心”，后接动词的 -ing 形式。 同义表达：have a good time doing sth. / enjoy doing sth. 常用搭配：have fun with sth. 玩某物很开心 We had great fun in the English Week activities. 我们在英语周活动中玩得很开心。 The children _______ in the park yesterday afternoon. A. had fun to fly kites B. had fun flying kites C. have fun flying kites D. had fun fly kites 解析：句意：昨天下午孩子们在公园里放风筝玩得很开心。have fun doing sth. 是固定搭配，意为“做某事很开心”，doing 不能用不定式或动词原形替换。时间状语 yesterday afternoon 提示用一般过去时 had。选项 A 中 to fly 错误；选项 C 时态错误；选项 D 中 fly 原形错误。故选 B。 知识点6 give sb. a chance to do sth. It gave me a chance to learn about other parts of the world. 它给了我一个了解世界其他地方的机会。 give sb. a chance to do sth. 意为“给某人一个做某事的机会”。 常见搭配：give sb. a chance to do sth. 给某人做某事的机会 have a chance to do sth. 有机会做某事 miss a chance 错过机会 English Week gave students a chance to shine. 英语周给了学生一个展示自己的机会。 The competition _______ young musicians _______ to perform on a big stage. A. gave; a chance B. gave; chance C. give; a chance D. gives; chance to 解析：句意：这次比赛给了年轻音乐家在大舞台上表演的机会。give sb. a chance to do sth. 是固定短语，a chance 中的冠词不能省略。根据语境可知是一般过去时，gave 是 give 的过去式。选项 B 缺少冠词 a；选项 C 时态错误；选项 D chance to 结构不完整且时态错误。故选 A。 知识点7 no wonder No wonder everyone is looking forward to next year's event! 难怪大家都期待明年的活动！ No wonder... 意为“难怪……；……不足为奇”，表示对某事不感到惊讶，因为前面已经说明了原因。完整形式：It is no wonder that... Su Mei did so well in the English speaking competition. No wonder she got first place. 苏梅在英语演讲比赛中表现如此出色，难怪她获得了第一名。 She practiced speaking English every day for two hours. _______ she won the first prize in the competition. A. No wonder B. No way C. No problem D. No doubt 解析：句意：她每天练习说英语两个小时。难怪她在比赛中获得了一等奖。No wonder 意为“难怪”，表示对前文原因导致的结果不感到惊讶。选项 B No way“没门”；选项 C No problem“没问题”；选项 D No doubt“毫无疑问”，均不符合句意。故选 A。 语法总结 Unit 5 it 作形式主语 & enough it 作形式主语 理解：“it 作形式主语”是为了把长而重的主语后置，让句子结构平衡、重点突出、符合英语表达习惯。 结构一：It is + adj. + for sb. + to do sth. · 含义：对某人来说，做某事是怎样的。 · 形容词描述：事情的性质（重要、必要、容易、困难等）。 常用形容词： important, necessary, easy, difficult, simple, possible, normal, common, rare, safe, dangerous, convenient, comfortable… It is important for us to protect endangered animals.（保护濒危动物对我们很重要。） 结构二2：It is + 形容词 + of sb. + 动词不定式 · 含义：某人做某事，说明这个人怎么样。 · 形容词描述：人的品质、性格（善良、聪明、愚蠢、有礼貌等）。 · 可改写为：Sb. is + adj. + to do sth. 例如：It is kind of you to help. = You are kind to help. 常用形容词： kind, nice, good, clever, wise, polite, generous, foolish, stupid, silly, rude, selfish, careless, mean, brave… It was very kind of you to help the homeless animals.（你帮助流浪动物，真好。） How rude of her to interrupt!（她打断别人，真没礼貌！） 句型对比表格： It is + adj. + for sb. + to do It is + adj. + of sb. + to do 形容词描述 事情的性质 人的品质、性格 可改写为 无 Sb. is + adj. + to do sth. 常见形容词 important, necessary, easy, difficult, simple, possible, normal, common, rare, safe, dangerous, convenient, comfortable… kind, nice, good, clever, wise, polite, generous, foolish, stupid, silly, rude, selfish, careless, mean, brave… 判断技巧 形容词不能直接形容人 形容词可以直接形容人 快速判断法： 把 It is...to do 去掉，只看形容词能否形容“人”。 补充要点： 1）否定结构：It is + not + adj. + for sb. + to do sth. It is not necessary for you to come early. It was not wise of him to tell lies. 2）时态变化 It was easy for me to finish the work. It will be impossible for them to arrive on time. 3）特殊形容词：right / wrong 两个结构都能用，但含义不同： It is wrong for him to smoke. 吸烟这件事对他来说是错的 It is wrong of him to smoke.他这个人做吸烟的事——更强调品行不好 enough的用法 1. enough 修饰形容词 / 副词 · 结构：形容词/副词 + enough · 含义：足够…… · 注意：enough 必须放在形容词或副词的后面。 He is old enough to go to school.（他足够大，能上学了。） She speaks clearly enough for everyone to understand.（她讲得足够清楚，大家都能听懂。） 2.enough + 名词 · 结构：enough + 名词 · 含义：足够的…… · 注意：enough 放在名词前面。 We have enough food for the whole family. Do you have enough money to buy the ticket? · 否定形式： We don’t have enough time. 我们没有足够的时间。 There isn’t enough water. 没有足够的水。 3.enough 与不定式搭配 · 结构：形容词/副词 + enough + to do sth. · 含义：足够……可以做某事 He is strong enough to lift the box. 他足够强壮，能举起这个箱子。 The box is light enough for the child to carry. 这个盒子足够轻，孩子能搬动。 补充要点 ① enough 单独使用（作代词或副词） I’ve had enough.（代词：我吃饱了 / 受够了） You don’t practice enough.（副词：你练习得不够） ② not + adj./adv. + enough + to do 与 too...to... 互换 He is not old enough to drive. = He is too young to drive. （练习时可让学生改写） ③ 易错点：enough 与“形容词 + 名词”的位置 当 enough 修饰形容词，而该形容词又修饰名词时，enough 仍然放在形容词后面： ✅ I have big enough shoes. ❌ I have enough big shoes.（会被误解为“足够的、大的鞋”） ④ 不定式逻辑主语不同时，需用 for sb. The box is light enough for a child to carry. （不能说“The box is light enough to carry”，因为箱子自己不能搬自己） 综合练习 A. 用 for 或 of 填空 1. It was silly ____ you to trust a stranger. 2. Is it safe ____ children to swim here? 3. It is very generous ____ her to donate so much money. 4. It is impossible ____ us to finish in one hour. B. 用 enough 的正确形式填空或改错 5. The water is ______ (hot) to make tea. 6. She spoke ______ (clear enough / enough clear) for us to hear. 7. He doesn’t have ______ (enough experience / experience enough) for this job. 8. 改错：This box is light enough for him to carry it. C. 翻译句子 9. 你真好，把答案分享给大家。（用 of 结构） 10.这片湿地不够大，容不下这么多鸟生活。（用 not + adj. + enough + for sb. to do） D. 句型转换（将 too...to 改为 not + adj. + enough） 11. The boy is too young to understand this. → ________________________________________________ 解析： 1. of（silly 形容人的品质）句意：你信任一个陌生人，真傻。 2. for（safe 形容事情的性质）句意： 孩子们在这里游泳安全吗？ 3. of（generous 形容人）句意：她捐了这么多钱，真慷慨。 4. for（impossible 形容事情）句意：我们不可能在一小时内完成。 5. hot enough 句意：水足够热，可以泡茶。enough 修饰形容词时，必须放在形容词后面。 6. clearly enough 句意：她讲得足够清楚，我们都能听见。这里修饰的是动词 spoke，需要用副词 clearly。enough 放在副词之后：clearly enough。 7. enough experience 句意：他没有足够的经验来做这份工作。enough 修饰名词时，必须放在名词前面。结构：enough + 名词。 8. 去掉 it → This box is light enough for him to carry.（carry 后面不加 it）在 enough to do 结构中，不定式 to carry 的逻辑宾语就是句子主语 this box。因此不能再重复使用代词 it，否则宾语冗余。常见错误：受汉语影响（“这个箱子足够轻，他可以搬它”），容易多写 it。 9. It is very kind of you to share the answers with everyone. 表达“人好/善良”用 kind，属于品质形容词 → 用 of 结构。可改写为：You are very kind to share the answers with everyone.注意 share sth. with sb. 的介词搭配。 10. The wetland is not large enough for so many birds to live in. not + 形容词 + enough + for sb. + to do 表示“不够……以至于不能做”。注意 live 是不及物动词，后面需要介词 in（live in the wetland）。也可以写成 ...to live in it，但 it 指代 wetland，通常省略以避免冗余（类似第8题规则）。 11. The boy is not old enough to understand this. too + 形容词 + to do = not + 反义形容词 + enough + to do，young 的反义词是 old。 too young to understand = not old enough to understand。注意：enough 放在 old 后面。 Unit 6 情态动词：should & had better 1. should 的用法 句式 结构 例句 肯定句 主语 + should + 动词原形 You should pick something related to Chinese culture. 否定句 主语 + shouldn't + 动词原形 You shouldn't put too much information on your poster. 疑问句 Should + 主语 + 动词原形？ Should I make a poster about the Silk Road? 用法要点： 用法 说明 例句 义务/责任 表示“应该做某事”，带有道义上的责任 We should protect endangered animals. 建议/劝告 给出建议，比 must 委婉 You should eat more vegetables. 预期/推测 表示“按道理应该会……” The package should arrive today. 2.had better 的用法 句式 结构 例句 肯定句 主语 + had better + 动词原形 You 'd better start early. 否定句 主语 + had better not + 动词原形 You 'd better not pick such a broad topic. 💡 had better 常缩写为 'd better。 ⚠️ 注意：had 是固定形式，不表示过去，也没有时态变化。不能说 have better 或 will better。 用法要点： · 针对特定情况提出强烈建议。 · 暗示：如果建议不被采纳，可能产生不良后果。 · 语气比 should 更强、更紧迫。 · 主要用于口语和非正式场合。 语气强度对比（由弱到强）： could (可以) < should (应该) < had better (最好) < must (必须) 例句对比： You should see a doctor.（建议，语气温和） You 'd better see a doctor.（强烈建议，隐含“否则病情会加重”） 3.类似表达：ought to 句式 结构 例句 肯定句 主语 + ought to + 动词原形 You ought to read more English books. 否定句 主语 + ought not to+ 动词原形 You ought not to waste time. ⚠️ ought to 的否定是 ought not to，疑问句很少用，通常用 Should...? 替代。 2. 与 should 的关系 · ought to 与 should 意思基本相同，都表示“应该”。 · 区别： should 更常用、更自然。 ought to 语气略强一些，带有“按道理、按理说”的色彩。 · 在绝大多数情况下可以互换。 同义转换练习： We ought to protect wild animals. = We should protect wild animals. 常见错误提醒 错误类型 错误示例 正确示例 had better 后加 to You'd better to go. You'd better go. had better 的 had 误用为 have You have better go. You had better go. 否定位置错误 You had better not to go. You had better not go. ought to 否定漏掉 to You ought not go. You ought not to go. should 后加 to You should to go. You should go. 综合练习 A. 用 should / shouldn't / had better / had better not / ought to 填空 1.You look pale. You _______ see a doctor. 2.You _______ be late again, or the teacher will be angry. 3. _______ I bring a gift to the party? 4. You _______ to finish your homework before playing games. 5.The sky is very dark. It _______ rain soon. (表示推测) B. 句型转换 6. You ought to help your sister. (改为同义句，用 should) → _________________________________ 7. You had better tell him the truth. (改为否定句) → _________________________________ 8.We should cut down fewer trees. (改为否定句) → _________________________________ C. 翻译句子 9.你最好不要在公共场合大声说话。 → _________________________________ 10.我们应该尊重老人。 → _________________________________ 解析：A. 填空 1. should / had better / ought to（均可，表示建议） 2. had better not（强烈建议不要迟到，否则老师会生气） 3. Should（疑问句只能用 should） 4. ought（ought to 固定搭配） 5. should（should 可表示推测：“按理应该会下雨”） B. 句型转换 6. You should help your sister. 7. You had better not tell him the truth. 8. We shouldn't cut down fewer trees.（注意：shouldn't + 动词原形，原句中的 cut 不变） C. 翻译句子 9. You had better not speak loudly in public. 解析：had better not + 动词原形；in public 表示“在公共场合”。 10. We should respect the elderly. / We ought to respect the elderly. 模块说明： 1. 对专题涉及的单元知识点分层进行实战演练。 2. 可以设计基础题（全员必会，10~15道小题）、提升题（中等以上学生完成，语篇题为主，3~5道）、拓展题（学有余力学生挑战，语篇题为主，1~2道））等不同层次的练习任务。也可以从其他拓展拔高的维度设计，比如重难突破、易混易错、链接中考等。试题有典型性。优先选用近年的期末真题，最具参考价值。 （组稿完成后，该文本框需删除） 基础通关练（测试时间：10分钟） 一、单项选择 1．—Why didn’t you stop the boy from throwing rocks at the duck? —Because I was not ________ to argue with him at that time. A．enough brave B．brave enough C．enough bravely D．bravely enough 2．We need to be quick enough ________ the injured bird. A．help B．helping C．to help D．helped 3．________ is necessary for teenagers to learn about nature and the environment. A．This B．That C．It D．What 4．It’s clever ________ him ________ think of such a good idea to raise money. A．for; to B．of; to C．for; of D．of; of 5．It’s selfish ________ you to keep all the food to yourself, so it is important ________ you to learn to share with others. A．to; for B．of; for C．for; for D．of; of 6．It is ________ for us ________ the wetlands, as they are the home of many rare birds. A．important; to protect B．important; protecting C．importantly; to protect D．importantly; protecting 7．You ________ eat too much food before you go to bed, or it’s harmful to your teeth. A．can B．could C．shouldn’t D．would 8．While watching the film, you ________ make any noise. A．not ought to B．ought not to C．don’t ought to D．ought to not 9．You ________ plan your time well before exams. A．had better B．can’t C．mustn’t D．needn’t 10．The box is ________ heavy for the little boy ________ carry. A．too; to B．enough; to C．so; that D．such; that 解析： 题号 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 答案 B C C B B A C B A A 1．B 【详解】句意：——你为什么没有阻止那个男孩向鸭子扔石头？——因为那时我没有足够勇敢去和他争论。   根据语法规则，enough修饰形容词时需后置，可排除A、C；句中“was”是系动词，后接形容词作表语，brave是形容词，bravely是副词，因此排除D。brave enough符合语法及语境。 2．C 【详解】句意：我们需要足够快去帮助那只受伤的鸟。 “adj. + enough + to do sth.”意为“足够……去做某事”。根据“quick enough”可知，后接动词不定式。 3．C 【详解】句意：青少年了解自然和环境是必要的。 “It is + adj + for sb + to do sth”意为“做某事对某人来说是……的”，其中It作形式主语，真正的主语是后面的动词不定式。 4．B 【详解】句意：他能想出这样一个筹钱的好主意，真聪明。句子是固定句型“It’s+adj.+of/for sb.+to do sth."，意为“做某事对某人来说是……的”，当形容词是表示人的性格或品质的词时，介词用of；当形容词是形容事物的性质的词时，用介词for，第一空前的形容词clever“聪明的”，表示人的品质，用介词of。第二空是不定式作真正的主语，不定式由“to+动词原形”构成。 5．B 【详解】句意：你把所有食物都留给自己是自私的，所以学会与他人分享对你来说很重要。 It’s + 形容词（描述人的品质）+ of sb. to do sth.（形容词修饰人，如selfish“自私的”，描述人的性格品质，故第一空填of； It’s + 形容词（描述事情的性质）+ for sb. to do sth.形容词修饰事情，如important“重要的”，描述“学会分享”这件事，故第二空填for。 6．A 【详解】句意：保护湿地对我们来说是重要的，因为它们是许多珍稀鸟类的家园。 此处是句型“It is+adj.+for sb.+to do sth.”；第一空位于系动词is之后，应用形容词important作表语；第二空在该固定句型中应用动词不定式“to protect”作真正的主语。 7．C 【详解】句意：你不应该在睡前吃太多食物，否则对你的牙齿有害。 can能；could能；shouldn’t不应该；would将。根据“it’s harmful to your teeth.”可知，睡前吃太多食物对牙齿有害，此处表示建议或警告，应用shouldn’t。故选C。 8．B 【详解】句意：当看电影的时候，你不应该发出任何噪声。 考查情态动词ought to的用法。情态动词ought to表示“应该，应当”，其否定形式为ought not to。故选B。 9．A 【详解】句意：考试前你最好规划好时间。   had better最好；can’t不能；mustn’t禁止；needn’t不必。根据常识，考试前合理规划时间是一种建议或劝告，应用had better，应填had better。 10．A 【详解】句意：这个箱子对这个小男孩来说太重了而不能搬动。 too...to... “太……而不能……”；enough修饰形容词时需放在形容词之后；so/such...that...，that后接从句。第一空后“heavy”是形容词且第二空后接动词原形“carry”，所以应用“too... to...”结构，表达这个箱子对这个小男孩来说太重了而不能搬动。 二、完成句子 11．You are stupid. You make the same mistake. = _______ _______ ________ you _______ _______ the same mistake. 12．We need to arrive on time tomorrow. This is important. (合并为一句)   It’s ________ ________ ________ to arrive on time tomorrow. 13．他年龄太小，不能上学。 He is not ________________________ go to school. = He is ________________________ go to school. 14．他年龄够大能上学。 He is ________ ________ to go to school. =He is ________ old ________ he can go to school. 15．这个男孩足够强壮，他能提起这么重的行李。 The boy is ________strong ________ he can carry such a heavy suitcase. =The boy is _________ ________ ________ _________ such a heavy suitcase. 16．The boy is not old enough to go to school. = The boy is _______ _______ ________ _________ to school. 17．你最好不要吃太多垃圾食品。 You ________ ________ ________ ________ too much junk food. 18．我们应该依靠父母吗? _________ we _________ _________ our parents? 19．有些同学不太勇敢不敢在公众面前讲话。 Some students are ________ ________ _________ ________ speak in public. 20．Tom spent too much time practising single strokes when he started to do calligraphy. (同义句转换) It ________ Tom too much time ________ ________ single strokes when he started to do calligraphy. 21．每天练习说英语对我们来说很有必要。 →________ ________ for us to practice speaking English every day. 22．Learning from mistakes is important for a team.（改为同义句） ________ ________ important for a team ________ ________ from mistakes. 23．晚餐后你应该去散散步。 You _______ ________ ________ _______ _____ after dinner. 24．该是我们去上学的时候了。 ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ to school. 25．他们杀害濒危动物真是太残忍了。 ________ ________ ________ them to kill endangered animals. 11． It’s stupid of to make 【详解】句意：你真笨。你犯同样的错误。两个简单句要转换成一个句子，形容词“stupid”是描述人的品质的形容词，所以此处可以用“It’s + 形容词 + of sb to do sth”的结构，表示“你这样做真是太……了”，形容词为stupid，原句中“make the same mistake”是具体动作，需转换为不定式结构“to make the same mistake”。 12． important for us 【详解】句意：我们明天需要准时到达。这很重要。对某人来说做某事很重要：It is+形容词+for+sb+to do sth，是固定句式。重要的：important；for是介词，介词后用人称代词宾格，人称代词we的宾格是us。故填important；for；us。 13． old enough to too young to 【详解】原句中“年龄太小不能……”是关键词，表示“不够……而不能做某事”的结构是“not+形容词+enough+to do”，“年龄太小”可用not old enough表达；该结构可与“too+形容词+to do”互换，表示“太……而不能做某事”，“年龄太小”可用too young表达。 14． old enough so that 【详解】原句中“年龄够大”是关键词，表示“足够……可以做某事”的结构是“形容词+enough+to do”，“年龄够大”可用old enough表达；该结构可以和“so + 形容词 + that + 结果状语从句”互换，意为“如此……以至于”，因此后两空分别填so和that，转换后句子语义和原句一致。 15． so that strong enough to carry 【详解】原句中“如此强壮以至于能提起”是关键词，表示“如此……以至于……”的结构是so…that…；表示“足够……做某事”的结构是adj+enough+to do sth，其中形容词为strong，动词为carry。本句为一般现在时。故填so; that；strong; enough; to; carry。 16． too young to go 【详解】句意：这个男孩年龄不够大，不能去上学。也就是说这个男孩年龄太小了，不能去上学。表示“太……而不能做某事”，用too...to do sth.表示“年龄小的”，用形容词young，表示“去上学”，用go to school。 17． had better not eat 【详解】原句中“最好不要”是关键词，“最好”是固定结构：had better ，否定形式是had better not。本句是一般现在时，had better没有人称变化，后跟动词原形，eat“吃”是动词。故填had；better；not；eat。 18． Should depend/rely on 【详解】原句中“应该”、“依靠”是关键词。表示“应该”的情态动词是should ，一般疑问句需将情态动词提到句首，且首字母大写。表示“依靠”的动词短语是depend on/rely on，情态动词 should 后必须接动词原形。 19． not brave enough to 【详解】原句中“不太勇敢不敢”是关键词，固定句型“not ... enough to do sth”表示“不够……而不能做某事”，表示“勇敢”的单词是brave。 20． took to practise/practice 【详解】句意：汤姆刚开始练书法时，花了太多时间练习笔画。原句采用的句型为“Sb spend+时间+doing sth”，其同义句型是“It takes sb+时间+to do sth”。原句是一般过去时，所以动词take要变成过去式took，句型里不定式结构to后接动词原形practise/practice。 21． It’s necessary 【详解】原句中“很有必要”是关键词，表示“很有必要”的短语是It’s necessary。本句描述一般情况，用一般现在时即可。 22． It is to learn 【详解】句意：从错误中学习对一个团队来说很重要。原句是动名词短语作主语，改为同义句可使用固定句型It is + 形容词 + for sb. to do sth.（对某人来说做某事是……的），其中it作形式主语，真正的主语是后面的不定式。 23． ought/should to/go take/for a walk 【详解】原句中“应该去散散步”是关键词。表示“应该”的表达，常见的有“should”和“ought to”；表示“去散步”的短语常见的是“take a walk”和“go for a walk”。结合5个空，若选择“should”与“go for a walk”，“should”为情态动词，后接动词原形“go”；若选择“ought to”与“take a walk”，“ought to”后接动词原形“take”。故填should；go；for；a；walk/ought；to；take；a；walk。 24． It’s time for us to go 【详解】本句运用“It’s time for somebody to do something”的固定句型，It为形式主语，位于句首首字母大写，to go to school为真正的主语；原句“该是我们去上学的时候了”对应的英文为It’s time for us to go to school。 25． It’s cruel of 【详解】“某人做某事是⋯⋯的”用固定句型“It’s + 形容词 + of sb. to do sth.”；表示“残忍的”对应的形容词为cruel。故填It’s；cruel；of。 重难突破练（测试时间：20分钟） 一、语法选择 （25-26八年级下·广东广州·期中） You want to know about my staying in America, don’t you? Well, to tell you the truth, it is really 1 eye-opening experience to study here. In China, I had English classes five times a week since 2 grade. However, I didn’t know how difference textbook English could be from everyday English until I came to Hotchkiss School, Conmecticut. When I first studied English, I was told to say, “I am fine.” when people said “How are you?” But in the USA, I 3 that people said, “I am good.” or “I am tired.” One day, 4 greeted me with “What’s up?” It made me confused. I thought for a moment and then smiled because I didn’t know what to say. Since then, I 5 more and more differences 6 Chinese and US cultures. To my 7 , US girls spend a lot of time staying in the burning sun 8 a tan (晒黑). However, in China, girls try every possible way to get their skin paler or “whiter”. I am also surprised by how 9 US students study. Before that, I think only students in China study hard. But after coming here, I know a “good” student 10 get good grades, do a lot of the public and play sports or music if he wants to go to a top university. The kids here are so talented, I am starting to be sorry that I gave up playing the piano at an early age and that I have never thought about sports. 1．A．a B．an C．the D．/ 2．A．the five B．five C．the fifth D．fifth 3．A．find B．found C．finds D．was finding 4．A．someone B．anyone C．nobody D．anybody 5．A．discovered B．are discovering C．will discover D．have discovered 6．A．from B．beside C．between D．among 7．A．surprised B．surprise C．surprising D．surprises 8．A．get B．to get C．getting D．got 9．A．hard B．harder C．hardest D．hardly 10．A．should B．would C．are able to D．may 1．B 2．C 3．B 4．A 5．D 6．C 7．B 8．B 9．A 10．A 【导语】本文主要讲述了作者通过在美国学习的经历介绍了中美文化之间的差异。 1．句意：好吧，实话告诉你，在这里学习真的是让人大开眼界的一次经历。 a一（用于以辅音音素开头的单词前，表泛指）；an一（用于以元音音素开头的单词前，表泛指）；the这（表特指）；/不填。根据“it is really...eye-opening experience to study here”可知，此处泛指一次大开眼界的经历，且eye-opening是以元音音素开头的单词，所以此空是an。故选B。 2．句意：在中国，从五年级开始，我每周上五次英语课。 the five这五个（基数词）；five五（基数词）；the fifth第五（序数词）；fifth第五（序数词，在本句中该序数词前缺少the）。根据“In China, I had English classes five times a week since...grade.”可知，表示“五年级”，用the fifth grade，序数词前加定冠词the。故选C。 3．句意：但是在美国，我发现人们会说“我很好”或“我很累”。 find发现（动词原形）；found发现（过去式）；finds发现（第三人称单数形式）；was finding发现（过去进行时结构）。根据“But in the USA, I...that people said, ‘I am good.’ or ‘I am tired.’ ”，以及结合上下文可知，在美国学习的经历已成为了过去，所以该句用一般过去时，谓语动词用过去式。故选B。 4．句意：有一天，有人跟我打招呼说“怎么了？”，这让我很困惑。 someone有人（用于肯定句）；anyone任何一个；nobody没有人；anybody任何人（用于否定句或疑问句）。根据“One day...greeted me with ‘What’s up?’ It made me confused.”可知，此句是肯定句，且表示有一天，有人来跟“我”打招呼。故选A。 5．句意：自从那时开始，我已经发现了越来越多中美文化之间的差异。 discovered发现（过去式）；are discovering正在发现（现在进行时结构）；will discover将会发现（一般将来时结构）；have discovered已经发现（现在完成时结构）。根据“Since then, I...more and more differences...”可知，since then“从那时起”，表明句子要用现在完成时，谓语结构是have/has done，句子主语是I，所以用have discovered。故选D。 6．句意：自从那时开始，我已经发现了越来越多中国文化和美国文化之间的差异。 from从；beside在……旁边；between在……之间（用于两者）；among在……之间（用于三者及以上）。根据“...more and more differences...Chinese and US cultures”可知，between...and...，表示“在……与……之间”，用于两者，且中国文化和美国文化，属于两者。故选C。 7．句意：让我惊讶的是，为了晒黑，美国女孩会花大量时间在晒太阳这件事上。 surprised惊喜的（形容人）；surprise惊喜（名词）；surprising令人惊讶的（形容物）；surprises使惊奇（第三人称单数形式）。根据“To my...”可知，to one’s surprise，表示“让某人惊讶的是”，此空应是名词。故选B。 8．句意：让我惊讶的是，为了晒黑，美国女孩会花大量时间在晒太阳这件事上。 get得到（动词原形）；to get为了得到（动词不定式）；getting得到（动词现在分词）；got得到（过去式）。根据“US girls spend a lot of time staying in the burning sun...a tan (晒黑)”可知，美国女孩们为了晒黑而花大量时间晒太阳，此处是用动词不定式作目的状语。故选B。 9．句意：我也对美国学生学习如此努力感到惊讶。 hard努力地（副词原级）；harder更努力地（副词比较级）；hardest最努力地（副词最高级）；hardly几乎不。根据“how...US students study”可知，此空处所在的句子是感叹句，为how+形容词/副词+主+谓，且study hard“努力学习”其中的hard则为副词。故选A。 10．句意：但来到这里之后，我知道一个“好”学生如果想上好的大学，就应该取得好成绩，参加很多公共活动，做运动或玩音乐。 should应该；would将；are able to能够；may可以。根据“But after coming here, I know a ‘good’ student...get good grades, do a lot of the public and plays sports or music if he wants to go to a top university.”可知，一个“好”学生想要进入好大学，就应该要取得好成绩，此外还得做其他事情，选项A“应该”符合语境。故选A。 二、短文填空 阅读短文内容，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Ao Xue is a fantastic snow leopard (雪豹) from a wildlife park in Xining. This year, she celebrated her ninth birthday. Snow leopards are large animals. They are more than one metre long and can 1 (weigh) up to 75 kg. These beautiful animals live in high and cold mountains. They might get sick in the zoo 2 the air and temperature are different there. Actually, workers and scientists once tried raising (饲养) seven baby snow leopards before Ao Xue, but all of 3 (they) died. The result made the workers and scientists very 4 (disappoint). In 2016, Ao Xue and her twin sister 5 (be) born. The park team built 6 comfortable home for them. It looked like the snow leopard’s natural habitat (栖息地). Workers looked after the babies 7 (careful). Finally, only Ao Xue made it and grew well. In 2019, the park was glad 8 welcome another pair of snow leopard twins, Shui Mo and YouHua. This time, the team improved the feeding plan and also checked (检查) their health every day. Thanks to the hard work, the babies grew much 9 (heavy) than Ao Xue did at the same age. The park team is happy to play a role in 10 (protect) snow leopards. With more love, snow leopards will keep living in our mountains. 1．weigh 2．because 3．them 4．disappointed 5．were 6．a 7．carefully 8．to 9．heavier 10．protecting 【导语】本文主要介绍了西宁野生动物园一只名叫“傲雪”的雪豹的故事，讲述了人工繁育雪豹的困难历程以及取得的成功。 1．句意：它们体长超过一米，体重可达75公斤。根据“can…up to 75 kg”可知，can是情态动词，后接动词原形。weigh意为“重达”，符合语境。故填weigh。 2．句意：它们在动物园里可能会生病，因为那里的空气和温度与它们的栖息地不同。根据“They might get sick in the zoo…the air and temperature are different there”可知，它们在动物园里可能会生病，因为那里的空气和温度与它们的栖息地不同，后句解释了前句的原因。because意为“因为”，符合语境。故填because。 3．句意：事实上，在傲雪之前，工作人员和科学家曾尝试饲养过7只雪豹幼崽，但它们全都夭折了。根据“all of…”可知，of是介词，后接人称代词宾格。they的宾格是them。故填them。 4．句意：这个结果让工作人员和科学家们非常失望。根据“made the workers and scientists very…”可知，此处形容人的情绪，表示工作人员和科学家们都非常失望。disappoint是动词，其形容词为disappointed，意为“感到失望的”。故填disappointed。 5．句意：2016年，傲雪和她的双胞胎妹妹出生了。根据时间状语“In 2016”可知，句子应用一般过去时。主语“Ao Xue and her twin sister”是复数，be动词应用were。故填were。 6．句意：动物园团队为它们搭建了一个舒适的家。根据“built…comfortable home”可知，此处表示建造一个家。home是单数可数名词，comfortable以辅音音素开头，应用不定冠词a。故填a。 7．句意：工作人员细心照料这些幼崽。根据“Workers looked after the babies…”可知，此处修饰动词短语looked after，应用副词形式。careful是形容词，其副词是carefully，意为“仔细地”。故填carefully。 8．句意：2019 年，动物园很高兴迎来了另一对雪豹双胞胎——水墨和优华。根据“the park was glad…”可知，此处是be glad to do sth.结构，意为“很高兴做某事”。故填to。 9．句意：多亏了这些努力，这对幼崽在同龄时比傲雪长得重多了。根据“much…than Ao Xue did”可知，than是比较级的标志词，much修饰比较级。heavy“重的”的比较级是heavier。故填heavier。 10．句意：动物园团队很开心能在保护雪豹的工作中发挥作用。根据“play a role in…”可知，in是介词，后接动名词形式。protect意为“保护”，其动名词是protecting。故填protecting。 综合拓展练（测试时间：10分钟） 阅读理解 （25-26八年级下·广东深圳·期中） The giant Amazon rainforest in South America has been a mystery for centuries. It holds all kinds of natural wonders. Among them in Colombia, a river stands out as “the most beautiful river” in the world. Locally called Camio Cristales, this special river lies in a national park. It is made up of several waterfalls rapids, and plenty of pools. For most of the year, Canio Cristales looks like a common river: clean, green, and rocky. However, during the short period between September and November, the river explodes（迸发）with life and color. It appears as any mix of colors including blue, green, yellow, orange, and a purplish red. So it is also known as the “River of Five Colors”. Although at first it may appear as if some chemicals were added to the water, this rainbow river is completely natural. Cafio Cristales’ colors are the result of a rare（稀有） water plant which needs sunlight to grow. The plants change color depending on how much sunlight they receive, and the amount is decided by the height and speed of the water. Therefore, it is possible for the plants to be totally colorless if the sunlight is too hard to get. They are a delicate plant. This makes them easily damaged in the water. Actually, the river faces some problems, including drier seasons, wildlife trouble, waste management, and budget （预算）cuts. In 2007, the park was forced to close because it was over-crowded with tourists. Now the park admits only 200 people a day and requires them to mind their behaviour. Today, Cano Cristales still shines among Colombia’s most popular natural attractions, drawing thousands of tourists every year. 1．When is the best time to visit Cafio Cristales? A．In January. B．In March. C．In June. D．In October. 2．Why is Cano Cristales colourful? A．A special plant lives in it. B．People add chemicals to it. C．The water is badly polluted. D．The weather is changeable there. 3．What does the underlined word “delicate” in paragraph 3 probably mean? A．Special. B．Weak. C．Lively. D．Beautiful. 4．What once caused the park to be closed? A．Too many visitors.B．The poor service. C．Too much rubbish. D．The wildlife problem. 5．What is the best title of the text? A．How to Visit Cano Cristales B．Natural Beauty in Colombia C．World’s Most Beautiful River D．Protecting the River of Five Colors （25-26八年级下·广东深圳·期中） “Are you happy with your size now?” asked the Caterpillar. “I would be happier if I could be a bit larger,” said Alice. “Three inches is a terrible height for a child.” This made the Caterpillar angry. “It is a good height!” It was three inches high. “But I don’t like it,” Alice answered sadly. “You get happy so easily.” “You’ll get used to it soon,” the Caterpillar said. Alice waited for it to speak again. Before it did, it yawned (打哈欠) and shook its body. Then it got down from the mushroom and started to move away. It went on, “One side will make you grow taller and the other will make you grow shorter.” “One side of what? The other side of what?” Alice thought. “Of the mushroom,” said the Caterpillar just as if Alice had asked the question aloud. In another minute, it was out of sight. Alice stayed there by herself and looked at the mushroom for a minute. She tried to decide which were the two sides of it, because it was round. At last Alice broke off a bit with each hand. “Which is which?” She had a small piece of it in her right hand from the right side of the mushroom. And then she had another piece in her left hand from the left side of the mushroom. She tasted the small piece from the right hand to see how it worked. The next thing she knew was that she was getting smaller! That made her so afraid that she started to taste the other piece from her left hand at once. Now she grew as tall as the trees in the woods! 6．How did Alice feel about her height when she was talking to the Caterpillar? A．She thought she would get used to it. B．She wanted to be a little shorter. C．She wished she could be a bit taller. D．She found it was nice for a child. 7．What does the underlined word “it” stand for in this story? A．Alice’s size. B．the Caterpillar’s body C．the mushroom. D．the Caterpillar’s anger 8．Imagine facing the mushroom as Alice did, which side of the mushroom made Alice smaller? (图中①②为左右两侧，③为顶部，④为底部) A．① B．② C．③ D．④ 9．Which is the right order of the story? ①Alice tasted a piece from the left side of the mushroom. ②The Caterpillar got down from the mushroom and started moving away. ③Alice didn’t know which side of the mushroom to taste. ④Alice tasted a piece from the right side of the mushroom. ⑤The Caterpillar told Alice how to grow shorter or taller. A．②③⑤①④ B．⑤②③①④ C．⑤③②④① D．②⑤③④① 10．What can we infer from the last paragraph? A．Alice figured out how the mushroom worked. B．The mushroom, which was deadly, took Alice’s life. C．Alice enjoyed the mushroom quite a lot. D．Alice tasted the mushroom but nothing happened. 解析：1．D 2．A 3．B 4．A 5．C 【导语】本文主要科普了关于世界上“最美丽的河流”的知识。 【详解】1．细节理解题。根据“However, during the short period between September and November, the river explodes（迸发）with life and color. It appears as any mix of colors including blue, green, yellow, orange, and a purplish red.”可知参观Cafio Cristales的最佳时间是在九月和十一月之间，故选D。 2．细节理解题。根据“Cafio Cristales’ colors are the result of a rare（稀有） water plant which needs sunlight to grow.”可知是因为一种特殊的植物生活在里面。故选A。 3．词义猜测题。根据“This makes them easily damaged in the water.”可知这种植物很容易在水中损坏，所以它很脆弱，故选B。 4．细节理解题。根据“In 2007, the park was forced to close because it was over-crowded with tourists.”可知2007年，由于游客过于拥挤，公园被迫关闭。故选A。 5．最佳标题题。根据“Among them in Colombia, a river stands out as “the most beautiful river” in the world.”可知本文主要科普了关于世界上“最美丽的河流”的知识，故选C。 6．C 7．A 8．B 9．D 10．A 【导语】本文讲述了爱丽丝与毛毛虫对话后，通过尝试蘑菇的两侧来改变自己身高的故事。 【详解】6．第一段爱丽丝说：“I would be happier if I could be a bit larger”，说明她希望自己再高一点。 7．第三段中“it”所在句为：“It is a good height!”，结合前文毛毛虫对爱丽丝身高的回应，这里的“it”指代爱丽丝的身高（three inches），因此“it”指代“Alice’s size”。 8．最后一段“She tasted the small piece from the right hand to see how it worked. The next thing she knew was that she was getting smaller! ”，爱丽丝先尝了右手的蘑菇（来自右侧），结果她变小了，因此使爱丽丝变小的是右侧（②） 9．故事顺序为：第二段毛毛虫从蘑菇上下来动身离开：“Then it got down from the mushroom and started to move away.”（②）；随后它告诉爱丽丝蘑菇两侧的作用：“One side will make you grow taller and the other will make you grow shorter.”（⑤）；毛毛虫离开后，爱丽丝分不清蘑菇的两侧：“She tried to decide which were the two sides of it, because it was round.”（③）；接着她先尝了右侧的蘑菇：“She tasted the small piece from the right hand...she was getting smaller!”（④）；然后立刻尝了左侧的蘑菇：“she started to taste the other piece from her left hand at once. Now she grew as tall as the trees”（①），因此顺序为②⑤③④①，对应D项。 10．最后一段爱丽丝通过尝试蘑菇的两侧成功改变了身高，说明她弄清楚了蘑菇的作用。 第 19 页 共 27 页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $