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Unit 7-8 词句高频考点、重难点讲义
Unit 7词句高频考点、重难点讲练
1、attack
【用法讲解】
① attack作动词,意为"攻击;进攻"。
② attack还可作名词,意为"攻击;发作"。
【常用结构】
① attack sb./sth. 攻击某人/某物
例句:The dog attacked the stranger. (狗攻击了陌生人。)
② attack on 对……的攻击
例句:The attack on the city lasted three days. (对这座城市的攻击持续了三天。)
【常见短语】
personal attack (人身攻击)
heart attack (心脏病发作)
即|讲|即|练
一、单项选择题。
1、The dog _____ the stranger when he walked past the house.
A. attacked B. thanked C. attracted D. avoided
2、The _____ on the city lasted three days and caused great damage.
A. attack B. ache C. act
2、hear of
【用法讲解】
hear of意为"听说;得知",指间接得知某人或某事的存在或情况。
【常用结构】
① hear of sb./sth. 听说某人/某事
例句:Have you heard of the new movie? (你听说过那部新电影吗?)
【易混短语辨析】hear of与hear about
① hear of侧重"听说有……"(知道存在)。
例句:I had never heard of that place before. (我之前从没听说过那个地方。)
② hear about侧重"听到关于……的详情"。
例句:Did you hear about the accident? (你听说那场事故的详情了吗?)
即|讲|即|练
一、单项选择题。
1、Have you ever _____ the new movie? It's very popular.
A. heard of B. heard from C. A和B都对
2、Did you _____ the accident? I want to know the details.
A. hear of B. hear from C. hear about D. hear out
3、force
【用法讲解】
① force作动词,意为"强迫;迫使"。
② force作名词,意为"力量;武力;军队"。
【常用结构】
① force sb. to do sth. 强迫某人做某事
例句:Don't force me to do what I don't want to. (不要强迫我做我不想做的事。)
② by force 用武力
例句:They took the money by force. (他们用武力抢走了钱。)
【常见短语】
labor force (劳动力)
air force (空军)
force of nature (自然之力)
即|讲|即|练
一、单项选择题。
1、Don't _____ me to do what I don't want to.
A. force B. make C. let D. allow
2、They took the money __________.
A. by force B. with force C. in force D. at force
4、steal
【用法讲解】
steal作动词,意为"偷;窃取"。
【常用结构】
① steal sth. from sb./sp. 从某人/某处偷某物
例句:The thief stole a painting from the museum. (小偷从博物馆偷了一幅画。)
② steal away 悄悄离开
例句:She stole away without saying goodbye. (她悄悄离开了,没说再见。)
【易混词辨析】steal与rob
① steal后接被偷的物品,常用steal sth. from sp./sb.。
例句:He stole a wallet from the man. (他从那个人那里偷了钱包。)
② rob后接被盗的人或场所,常用rob sb./sp. of sth.。
例句:They robbed the bank of millions. (他们抢了银行数百万。)
【易错点】
steal是不规则动词:steal - stole - stolen。
即|讲|即|练
一、单项选择题。
1、The thief _____ a painting from the museum last night.
A. stole B. steal C. stolen D. stealing
2、They _____ the bank of millions of dollars.
A. stole B. robbed C. attacked D. forced
5、lost
【用法讲解】
① lost作形容词,意为"迷路的;丢失的"。
② lost还是动词lose的过去式和过去分词。
【词形变化】
lose v. 丢失(原形)
loss n. 损失
【常用结构】
① get lost 迷路;走开(口语)
例句:We got lost on the way to the museum. (我们在去博物馆的路上迷路了。)
② be/get lost in 沉浸在……
例句:He was lost in thought. (他陷入了沉思。)
例句:She got lost in the crowd. (她消失在人群中/在人群中迷路了。)
③ lost and found 失物招领处
例句:I found my watch at the lost and found. (我在失物招领处找到了手表。)
④ get lost on the way 在路上迷路
例句:We got lost on the way to the airport. (我们去机场的路上迷路了。)
即|讲|即|练
一、单项选择题。
1、We got _____ on the way to the museum yesterday.
A. lose B. lost C. loseing D. losing
二、根据汉语提示完成句子。
1、我在失物招领处找到了手表。
I found my watch at the _____ and _____.
6、recommend
【用法讲解】
recommend作动词,意为"推荐;建议"。
【词形变化】
recommendation n. 推荐;建议
【常用结构】
① recommend sb./sth. to sb. 向某人推荐某人/某物
例句:I recommend this book to all students. (我把这本书推荐给所有学生。)
② recommend doing sth. 建议做某事
例句:He recommends taking a break. (他建议休息一下。)
③ recommend that sb. (should) do sth. 建议某人做某事(虚拟语气)
例句:The doctor recommended that he (should) rest. (医生建议他休息。)
【常见短语】
① on sb.'s recommendation 在某人的推荐下
例句:On his recommendation, I saw the movie. (在他的推荐下,我看了那部电影。)
② letter of recommendation 推荐信
例句:You need three letters of recommendation for the job. (这份工作需要三封推荐信。)
③ make a recommendation 提出建议
例句:Can you make a recommendation for a hotel? (你能推荐一家酒店吗?)
即|讲|即|练
一、单项选择题。
1、I _____ this book to all students. It's really helpful.
A. recommend B. suggest C. advice D. introduce
2、The doctor recommended that he _____ a rest.
A. takes B. take C. took D. taking
7、base
【用法讲解】
① base作名词,意为"基础;基地;底座"。
② base作动词,意为"以……为基础"。
【词形变化】
basic adj. 基本的
basically adv. 基本上
【常用结构】
① base on 以……为基础;基于(常用被动be based on)
例句:His argument is based on facts. (他的论点基于事实。)
② base in 以……为基地/总部
例句:The company is based in Beijing. (公司总部在北京。)
③ at the base of 在……的底部
例句:There is a village at the base of the mountain. (山脚下有一个村庄。)
④base sth. on sth. 把某事建立在某事基础上
例句:We based our estimate on the latest data. (我们的估算是基于最新数据的。)
即|讲|即|练
一、单项选择题。
1、His argument is _____ _____ facts.
A. base on B. based on C. basing on D. bases on
2、The company is _________ Beijing.
A. base in B. based in C. basing in D. bases in
8、lock
【用法讲解】
① lock作动词,意为"锁上;锁住"。
② lock作名词,意为"锁"。
【词形变化】
locker n. 储物柜
unlock v. 开锁
【常用结构】
① lock sb. in/out 把某人锁在屋里/外
例句:I locked myself out of the house. (我把自己锁在了屋外。)
② lock sb. up 把某人关起来
例句:The prisoners were locked up all day. (犯人被整天关着。)
③ lock up sth. 把某物锁起来
例句:Lock up the valuables in the safe. (把贵重物品锁在保险柜里。)
即|讲|即|练
一、单项选择题。
1、The prisoners were _________ all day.
A. locked; up B. locked; in C. locked; out D. locked; on
二、根据汉语提示完成句子。
1、请把贵重物品锁在保险柜里。
Please _____ _____ the valuables in the safe.
9、painful
【用法讲解】
painful作形容词,意为"疼痛的;痛苦的"。
【词形变化】
pain n. 疼痛
painfully adv. 痛苦地
painless adj. 无痛的
【常用结构】
① be painful for sb. 对某人来说是痛苦的
例句:The breakup was painful for both of them. (分手对他们俩都很痛苦。)
② be painful to do sth. 做某事很痛苦
例句:It was painful to watch him suffer. (看着他受苦很痛苦。)
【常见短语】
painful lesson (惨痛的教训)
painful experience (痛苦的经历)
即|讲|即|练
一、单项选择题。
1、The breakup was _____ for both of them.
A. pain B. painful C. painfully D. painless
2、It was _____ to watch him suffer.
A. pain B. painful C. painless D. painfully
10、nobody
【用法讲解】
nobody作代词,意为"没有人",相当于no one。
例句:Nobody knows the answer. (没有人知道答案。)
例句:There is nobody in the room. (房间里没有人。)
【常用结构】
① nobody else 没有别人
例句:Nobody else can help us. (没有别人能帮我们了。)
【易混词辨析】nobody, no one与none
① nobody和no one同义,常用于指人,谓语用单数。
例句:Nobody/No one saw the accident. (没有人看到事故。)
② none可指人或物,可接of短语,谓语可用单数或复数。
例句:None of the students was/were late. (没有一个学生迟到。)
【易错点】
nobody作主语时谓语动词用单数。nobody后面不接of。不能说nobody of us,要说none of us。
即|讲|即|练
一、单项选择题。
1、_____ knows the answer to this question.
A. Nobody B. No one C. None D. A和B都对
2、_____ of the students was late for class.
A. Nobody B. No one C. None D. Nothing
11、state
【用法讲解】
① state作名词,意为"状态;国家;州"。
例句:Water exists in three states. (水有三种状态。)
例句:The United States is a big country. (美国是一个大国。)
② state作动词,意为"陈述;说明"。
例句:Please state your name and address. (请说明你的姓名和地址。)
【词形变化】
statement n. 陈述;声明
【常用结构】
① in a ... state 处于……状态
例句:The room was in a mess. (房间很乱。)
② state of mind 心态
例句:Your state of mind affects your health. (你的心态影响健康。)
③ state clearly 清楚地说明
例句:He stated clearly his intention. (他清楚地说明了他的意图。)
即|讲|即|练
一、单项选择题。
1、Please _____ your name and address clearly.
A. state B. statement C. stating D. stated
二、根据汉语提示完成句子。
1、你的心态影响你的健康。
Your _____ of _____ affects your health.
12、since
【用法讲解】
① since作介词,意为"自从……以来",后接时间点。
例句:I have lived here since 2010. (我从2010年起就住在这里。)
② since作连词,意为"自从……;既然"。
例句:It has been two years since we met. (我们两年没见面了。)
Since you are here, let's start. (既然你在这里,我们开始吧。)
【常用结构】
① since then 从那时起
例句:I haven't seen him since then. (从那时起我再没见过他。)
② ever since 从那时起一直
例句:He has been away from home ever since. (自那以后,他便一直离家在外。)
【易混词辨析】since与for
① since后接时间点(具体时刻、日期、年份)。
例句:I've been waiting since 3 o'clock. (我从3点就开始等了。)
② for后接时间段(长度)。
例句:I've been waiting for two hours. (我等了两个小时。)
【易错点】
since与现在完成时连用。注意since引导的时间状语从句中,主句用现在完成时,从句用一般过去时。
即|讲|即|练
一、单项选择题。
1、I have lived here _____ 2010.
A. since B. for C. from D. in
2、I have been waiting _____ two hours.
A. since B. for C. from D. in
13、prove
【用法讲解】
prove作动词,意为"证明;证实;结果是"。
【词形变化】
proof n. 证据
【常用结构】
① prove sth. to sb. 向某人证明某事
例句:Can you prove your identity to the police? (你能向警察证明你的身份吗?)
② prove to be 结果是;证明是
例句:The rumor proved to be true. (那谣言结果是真的。)
③ it proves that... 这证明……
例句:It proves that hard work pays off. (这证明努力会有回报。)
【常见短语】
prove oneself (证明自己)
【易错点】
prove是不规则动词:prove - proved - proved/proven。prove to be中to be可省略(直接接形容词)。
即|讲|即|练
一、单项选择题。
1、The rumor _____ to be true.
A. proved B. proven C. proving
2、It _____ that hard work pays off.
A. proves B. proof C. proved D. proven
14、day by day
【用法讲解】
day by day意为"一天天地;逐日",强调逐渐变化的过程。
例句:The weather is getting warmer day by day. (天气一天天变暖。)
例句:Day by day, she became more confident. (一天天过去,她变得更自信了。)
【易混短语辨析】day by day与day after day
① day by day强调"逐渐地",常与变化动词连用。
例句:His health is improving day by day. (他的健康一天天好转。)
② day after day强调"日复一日",表示重复、枯燥。
例句:I have to do the same work day after day. (我日复一日做同样的工作。)
【常见短语】
little by little (逐渐地)
step by step (一步一步地)
即|讲|即|练
一、单项选择题。
1、The weather is getting warmer _____.
A. day by day B. day after day C. day to day D. day in day
2、I have to do the same work _____. It's so boring.
A. day by day B. day after day C. day to day D. day in day
15、effect
【用法讲解】
effect作名词,意为"效果;影响;作用"。
【词形变化】
effective adj. 有效的
【常用结构】
① have an effect on 对……有影响
例句:Praise has a positive effect on children. (表扬对孩子有积极影响。)
② in effect 实际上;有效
例句:The rule is still in effect. (这条规定仍然有效。)
③ come into effect 生效
例句:The new law comes into effect next month. (新法律下个月生效。)
④ take effect 见效;生效
例句:The pill takes effect within an hour. (药丸一小时内见效。)
【易混词辨析】effect与affect
① effect作名词,意为"效果"。
例句:The effect of the drug is strong. (这药的效力很强。)
② affect作动词,意为"影响"。
例句:The weather affects his mood. (天气影响他的心情。)
【常见短语】
side effect (副作用)
即|讲|即|练
一、单项选择题。
1、Praise has a positive _____ on children.
A. affect B. effect C. effective D. effectively
2、The new law will _________ next month.
A. have effect B. take effect C. make effect D. get effect
16、in time
【用法讲解】
in time意为"及时;迟早"。
例句:We arrived in time to catch the train. (我们及时赶上了火车。)
例句:If you keep studying, you'll succeed in time. (如果你继续学习,迟早会成功。)
【易混短语辨析】in time与on time
① in time意为"及时",在截止时间之前,常与for/to do连用。
例句:I hope we get there in time for the show. (我希望我们能及时赶到看演出。)
② on time意为"准时",按预定时间点。
例句:The train arrived on time. (火车准点到达。)
即|讲|即|练
一、单项选择题。
1、We arrived ________ to catch the train.
A. in time B. on time C. at time D. by time
2、The train arrived _______.
A. in time B.on time C. at time D. by time
17、consider
【用法讲解】
consider作动词,意为"考虑;认为"。
【词形变化】
consideration n. 考虑
【常用结构】
① consider doing sth. 考虑做某事
例句:He is considering changing his job. (他正在考虑换工作。)
② consider sb./sth. (as/to be) sth. 认为某人/某物是……
例句:We consider him (as) a hero. (我们认为他是英雄。)
③ consider that... 认为……
例句:I consider that he is the best candidate. (我认为他是最佳人选。)
即|讲|即|练
一、单项选择题。
1、He is _____ changing his job.
A. consider B. considering C. considered D. considerable
2、We _____ him _____ a hero.
A. consider; as B. consider; to be C. A和B都对 D. consider; for
18、doubt
【用法讲解】
① doubt作动词,意为"怀疑;不相信"。
② doubt作名词,意为"怀疑;疑问"。
【词形变化】
doubtful adj. 怀疑的
doubtless adv. 无疑地
【常用结构】
① doubt whether/if 怀疑是否……
例句:I doubt whether he is telling the truth. (我怀疑他是否在说实话。)
② no doubt 无疑地
例句:No doubt she will win. (无疑她会赢。)
③ have doubts about 对……有疑问
例句:I have some doubts about his ability. (我对他的能力有些怀疑。)
【易错点】
doubt在肯定句中后接whether/if从句;在否定句和疑问句中后接that从句。
例如:I don't doubt that he is honest. (我不怀疑他是诚实的。)
即|讲|即|练
一、单项选择题。
1、I _____ whether he is telling the truth.
A. doubt B. believe C. trust D. hope
2、_____ she will win the game.
A. No doubt B. No doubts C. Not doubt D. Not a doubt
Unit 8词句高频考点、重难点讲练
1、make a difference
【用法讲解】
make a difference意为"有影响;起重要作用;使不同"。
【常用结构】
① make a difference to sb./sth. 对某人/某事物有影响
例句:The new policy makes a difference to people's lives. (新政策对人们的生活有影响。)
② make a difference between 区分……
例句:He can't make a difference between the two colors. (他分不清这两种颜色。)
【易错点】
difference前常加形容词如big, great, little等。短语中的冠词a不能省略。
即|讲|即|练
一、单项选择题。
1、The new policy makes a difference _____ people's lives.
A. for B. to C. with D. on
2、Can you make a difference _____ the two colors?
A. to B. for C. between D. on
2、elder
【用法讲解】
elder作形容词或名词,意为"年长的;(家庭中的)长辈"。
【词形变化】
eldest adj. 最年长的(最高级)
【常用结构】
① elder brother/sister 哥哥/姐姐
例句:Her elder sister is a doctor. (她姐姐是医生。)
【易混词辨析】elder与older
① elder只能指人,不用于than引导的比较结构,常作定语。
例句:His elder son is in college. (他的大儿子在上大学。)
② older可指人或物,可用于than比较。
例句:She is older than me. (她比我大。)
This building is older than that one. (这座楼比那座旧。)
即|讲|即|练
一、单项选择题。
1、Her _____ sister is a doctor.
A. elder B. older C. old D. eldest
二、根据汉语提示完成句子。
1、他哥哥比他大三岁。
His _____ brother is three years _____ than him.
3、elderly
【用法讲解】
elderly作形容词,意为"年迈的;年纪较大的"。
例句:The elderly man walks slowly with a stick. (那位老人拄着拐杖慢慢走。)
【常用结构】
① the elderly
the elderly意为"老年人",是定冠词+形容词,表示一类人。
例句:The elderly need more medical care. (老年人需要更多医疗照顾。)
例句:This service is designed for the elderly. (这项服务是为老年人设计的。)
【易混词辨析】elderly与old
① elderly较委婉,常指已过中年、接近老年。
例句:She is elderly but still active. (她年事已高但仍活跃。)
② old最普通,可指任何年龄大的。
例句:He is an old man. (他是个老人。)
【常用结构】
① care for the elderly 照顾老年人
【易错点】
the elderly表示一类人,谓语动词用复数。不能说an elderly指一个老人(可说an elderly person)。
即|讲|即|练
一、单项选择题。
1、The _____ need more medical care.
A. elderly B. old man C. elder D. olds
2、This service is designed for the _____.
A. elder B. elderly C. older
4、provide
【用法讲解】
provide作动词,意为"提供;供应"。
【常用结构】
① provide sth. for sb. 为某人提供某物
例句:The charity provides food for the homeless. (慈善机构为无家可归者提供食物。)
② provide sb. with sth. 向某人提供某物
例句:The company provided us with uniforms. (公司给我们提供制服。)
【易混词辨析】provide, offer与supply
① provide强调"供应、供给",常与for/with搭配。
例句:The farm provides eggs for the market. (农场向市场供应鸡蛋。)
② offer强调"主动提供"。
例句:He offered me a cup of tea. (他给我倒了一杯茶。)
③ supply常指大量或定期供应。
例句:The pipe supplies water to the village. (管道向村庄供水。)
【常见短语】
provide an opportunity (提供机会)
即|讲|即|练
一、单项选择题。
1、The charity _____ food _____ the homeless.
A. provides; for B. provides; with C. provides; to D. provides; at
2、The company _____ us _____ uniforms.
A. provides; for B. provides; with C. provides; to D. provides; at
5、donate
【用法讲解】
donate作动词,意为"捐赠;捐献"。
【词形变化】
donation n. 捐赠
【常用结构】
① donate sth. to sb./sth. 把某物捐给某人/某机构
例句:She donated her old clothes to the poor. (她把旧衣服捐给了穷人。)
② donate blood 献血
③ make a donation (to) (向……)捐款
例句:We made a donation to the Red Cross. (我们向红十字会捐款。)
④ donation of 捐赠的……
例句:a donation of books (一批捐书)
即|讲|即|练
一、单项选择题。
1、She _____ her old clothes _____ the poor.
A. donates; to B. donates; for C. donates; with D. donates; at
二、根据汉语提示完成句子。
1、他经常献血。
He often _____ _____.
6、active
【用法讲解】
active作形容词,意为"活跃的;积极的;主动的"。
【词形变化】
activity n. 活动
actively adv. 积极地
【常用结构】
① take an active part in 积极参加
例句:He takes an active part in community service. (他积极参加社区服务。)
② be active in 在……方面活跃
例句:She is active in local politics. (她活跃于当地政治。)
即|讲|即|练
一、单项选择题。
1、He takes an active part _____ community service.
A. on B. in C. at D. for
2、She is active _____ local politics.
A. on B. in C. at D. for
7、come along
【用法讲解】
come along意为"赶快;跟着来"。
例句:Come along with us to the park. (和我们一起去公园吧。)
【常用结构】
① come along with sb. 跟某人一起来
例句:He came along with his friends. (他和朋友一起来了。)
即|讲|即|练
一、单项选择题。
1、Come along _____ us to the park.
A. on B. with C. at D. for
二、根据汉语提示完成句子。
1、他和朋友一起来了。
He came along _____ his friends.
8、help out
【用法讲解】
help out意为"帮助解决困难;帮忙"。
【常用结构】
① help out with sth. 在某事上帮忙
例句:She helped out with the food preparation. (她帮忙准备食物。)
② help sb. out 帮助某人摆脱困境
例句:My parents helped me out when I lost my job. (我失业时父母帮了我。)
【易错点】
help out是"动词+副词"短语,代词作宾语放中间:help him out。
即|讲|即|练
一、单项选择题。
1、She helped out _____ the food preparation.
A. on B. in C. with D. for
2、My parents helped me _____ when I lost my job.
A. on B. in C. with D. out
9、ever since
【用法讲解】
ever since意为"自从……以来一直",强调动作从过去持续到现在。
【常用结构】
① ever since + 从句(一般过去时),主句常用现在完成时
例句:Ever since he left, I have felt sad. (自从他离开后,我一直感到难过。)
② ever since单独使用,放在句尾
例句:We became friends and have stayed friends ever since. (我们成了朋友,从此一直是朋友。)
即|讲|即|练
一、单项选择题。
1、Ever since he left, I _____ felt sad.
A. have B. has C. had D. am
2、We became friends and have stayed friends _____ _____.
A. ever since B.from then C. after that
10、success
【用法讲解】
success作名词,意为"成功;成就"。可作不可数(抽象)或可数(成功的人/事)。
例句:Failure is the mother of success. (失败是成功之母。)(不可数)
例句:The party was a great success. (派对很成功。)(可数)
【词形变化】
succeed v. 成功
successful adj. 成功的
【常用结构】
① have success in (doing) sth. 在(做)某事上成功
例句:She had success in her career. (她事业有成。)
② make a success of 把……做成功
例句:He made a success of his business. (他把生意做成功了。)
③ without success 没有成功
例句:He tried to open the door without success. (他试图开门但没成功。)
④ be successful in (doing) sth. 在(做)某事上成功
例句:She was successful in finding a job. (她成功找到了工作。)
【易错点】
success作"成功"抽象概念不可数,作"成功的事/人"可数。
即|讲|即|练
一、单项选择题。
1、Failure is the mother of _____.
A. succeed B. success C. successful D. successfully
2、The party was a great _____.
A. succeed B. success C. successful D. successfully
11、most of all
【用法讲解】
most of all意为"最重要的是"。
例句:I like many sports, but most of all, I love swimming. (我喜欢很多运动,但最重要的是,我热爱游泳。)
例句:Most of all, we must be honest. (最重要的是,我们必须诚实。)
【易混短语辨析】most of all与above all
① most of all强调在所有事物中"最"。
例句:He values his family most of all. (他最看重家庭。)
② above all强调在众多事项中"首要"。
例句:Above all, stay calm. (首要的是,保持冷静。)
即|讲|即|练
一、单项选择题。
1、I like many sports, but _________, I love swimming.
A. most of all B. above all C. first of all D. after all
二、根据汉语提示完成句子。
1、最重要的是,我们必须诚实。
_____ _____ _____, we must be honest.
12、value
【用法讲解】
① value作名词,意为"价值;重要性"。
② value作动词,意为"重视;珍视"。
【词形变化】
valuable adj. 有价值的
【常用结构】
① of value 有价值的
例句:This book is of great value to learners. (这本书对学习者很有价值。)
② value sb./sth. as 把……视为……
例句:He values her as his best friend. (他把她视为最好的朋友。)
【易混词辨析】value, worth与price
① value指内在价值或重要性。
例句:The value of education is immeasurable. (教育的价值不可估量。)
② worth多指金钱上的价值,与price相关。
例句:What is the worth of this painting? (这幅画值多少钱?)
③ price指价格。
【常见短语】
face value (面值;表面价值)
moral values (道德价值观)
即|讲|即|练
一、单项选择题。
1、The _____ of education is immeasurable.
A. price B. worth C. value D. cost
二、根据汉语提示完成句子。
1、他把她视为最好的朋友。
He _____ her _____ his best friend.
13、worth
【用法讲解】
worth作形容词(或介词),意为"值……的;值得的"。
【词形变化】
worthless adj. 无价值的
worthy adj. 值得的
【常用结构】
① be worth + 钱数 值多少钱
例句:How much is the painting worth? (这幅画值多少钱?)
② be worth doing 值得做(主动形式表被动)
例句:The book is worth reading. (这本书值得读。)
③ be worth it 值得
例句:It's hard work, but it's worth it. (工作辛苦,但值得。)
即|讲|即|练
一、单项选择题。
1、The book is _____ reading.
A. worth B. worthy C. worthless D. worthy of
2、How much is the painting _____?
A. worth B. worthy C. worthless D. worthy of
14、willing
【用法讲解】
willing作形容词,意为"愿意的;乐意的"。
【词形变化】
willingly adv. 乐意地
willingness n. 乐意
unwilling adj. 不情愿的
【常用结构】
① be willing to do sth. 愿意做某事
例句:He is willing to take the risk. (他愿意冒这个险。)
即|讲|即|练
一、单项选择题。
1、He is _____ to take the risk.
A. willing B. willingly C. unwilling D. willingness
二、根据汉语提示完成句子。
1、她很乐意帮忙。
She is _____ _____ help.
15、in need
【用法讲解】
in need意为"在困境中;需要帮助的"。
例句:We should help those in need. (我们应该帮助有需要的人。)
例句:He is in need of money. (他需要钱。)
【常用结构】
① in need of 需要……
例句:The house is in need of repair. (这房子需要修理。)
② friend in need 患难朋友
例句:A friend in need is a friend indeed. (患难见真情。)
即|讲|即|练
一、单项选择题。
1、We should help those _________.
A. in need B. in need of C. need of D. need in
2、The house is _________ of repair.
A. in need B. in need of C. need of D. need in
16、effort
【用法讲解】
effort作名词,意为"努力;尽力"。
【常用结构】
① make an effort to do sth. 努力做某事
例句:Please make an effort to arrive on time. (请努力按时到达。)
② spare no effort 不遗余力
例句:The team spared no effort to win. (团队不遗余力地争取胜利。)
③ put effort into 在某事上投入努力
例句:She puts a lot of effort into her studies. (她学习很努力。)
即|讲|即|练
一、单项选择题。
1、Please make an _____ to arrive on time.
A. effort B. efforts C. effortful D. effortlessly
二、根据汉语提示完成句子。
1、她学习很努力。
She puts a lot of _____ _____ her studies.
17、hand out
【用法讲解】
hand out意为"分发;散发"。
【词形变化】
handout n. 分发材料;施舍物
【常用结构】
① hand out sth. to sb. 把某物分发给某人
例句:They handed out leaflets to passers-by. (他们向路人散发传单。)
② hand out punishment 给予惩罚
即|讲|即|练
一、单项选择题。
1、The teacher handed out the books _____ the students.
A. to B. for C. with D. at
二、根据汉语提示完成句子。
1、他们向路人散发传单。
They handed out leaflets _____ passers-by.
18、familiar with
【用法讲解】
familiar with意为"熟悉……",主语常为人。
【词形变化】
familiarity n. 熟悉
unfamiliar adj. 不熟悉的
【常用结构】
① be familiar with sb./sth. 熟悉某人/某物
例句:She is familiar with the local customs. (她熟悉当地习俗。)
② be familiar to 为……所熟悉(主语是物)
例句:His voice is familiar to me. (他的声音我听来熟悉。)
【易混短语辨析】be familiar with与be familiar to
① be familiar with的主语是人。
② be familiar to的主语是事物,被动含义。
【易错点】
注意介词区别:人+ familiar with;物+ familiar to +人。
即|讲|即|练
一、单项选择题。
1、She is familiar _____ the local customs.
A. to B. with C. for D. at
2、His voice is familiar _____ me.
A. to B. with C. for D. at
19、talent
【用法讲解】
talent作名词,意为"天赋;才能"。
【词形变化】
talented adj. 有天赋的
【常用结构】
① have a talent for (doing) sth. 有做某事的天赋
例句:He has a talent for drawing. (他有绘画天赋。)
② talent show 才艺秀
例句:Many students performed in the talent show. (许多学生在才艺秀上表演。)
即|讲|即|练
一、根据汉语提示完成句子。
1、他有绘画天赋。
He has a _____ _____ drawing.
2、许多学生在才艺秀上表演。
Many students performed in the _____ _____.
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Unit 7-8 词句高频考点、重难点讲义
Unit 7词句高频考点、重难点讲练
1、attack
【用法讲解】
① attack作动词,意为"攻击;进攻"。
② attack还可作名词,意为"攻击;发作"。
【常用结构】
① attack sb./sth. 攻击某人/某物
例句:The dog attacked the stranger. (狗攻击了陌生人。)
② attack on 对……的攻击
例句:The attack on the city lasted three days. (对这座城市的攻击持续了三天。)
【常见短语】
personal attack (人身攻击)
heart attack (心脏病发作)
即|讲|即|练
一、单项选择题。
1、The dog _____ the stranger when he walked past the house.
A. attacked B. thanked C. attracted D. avoided
【答案】A
【解析】句意为"当那个陌生人走过房子时,狗攻击了他。"考查attack作动词的用法,意为"攻击"。thank意为"感谢",attract意为"吸引",avoid意为"避免"。根据句意,狗攻击陌生人,故选A。
2、The _____ on the city lasted three days and caused great damage.
A. attack B. ache C. act
【答案】A
【解析】句意为"对这座城市的攻击持续了三天,造成了巨大破坏。"考查attack作名词的用法,意为"攻击"。attack on是固定搭配,意为"对……的攻击"。ache意为"疼痛",act意为"行为"。故选A。
2、hear of
【用法讲解】
hear of意为"听说;得知",指间接得知某人或某事的存在或情况。
【常用结构】
① hear of sb./sth. 听说某人/某事
例句:Have you heard of the new movie? (你听说过那部新电影吗?)
【易混短语辨析】hear of与hear about
① hear of侧重"听说有……"(知道存在)。
例句:I had never heard of that place before. (我之前从没听说过那个地方。)
② hear about侧重"听到关于……的详情"。
例句:Did you hear about the accident? (你听说那场事故的详情了吗?)
即|讲|即|练
一、单项选择题。
1、Have you ever _____ the new movie? It's very popular.
A. heard of B. heard from C. A和B都对
【答案】A
【解析】句意为"你听说过那部新电影吗?它非常受欢迎。"考查hear of的用法,意为"听说",侧重知道某事物的存在。hear from意为"收到……的来信"。根据句意,选A。
2、Did you _____ the accident? I want to know the details.
A. hear of B. hear from C. hear about D. hear out
【答案】C
【解析】句意为"你听说那场事故的详情了吗?我想知道细节。"考查hear of与hear about的辨析。hear of侧重"听说有……",hear about侧重"听到关于……的详情"。根据"details"可知选hear about。故选C。
3、force
【用法讲解】
① force作动词,意为"强迫;迫使"。
② force作名词,意为"力量;武力;军队"。
【常用结构】
① force sb. to do sth. 强迫某人做某事
例句:Don't force me to do what I don't want to. (不要强迫我做我不想做的事。)
② by force 用武力
例句:They took the money by force. (他们用武力抢走了钱。)
【常见短语】
labor force (劳动力)
air force (空军)
force of nature (自然之力)
即|讲|即|练
一、单项选择题。
1、Don't _____ me to do what I don't want to.
A. force B. make C. let D. allow
【答案】A
【解析】句意为"不要强迫我做我不想做的事。"考查force的用法。force sb. to do sth.意为"强迫某人做某事"。make sb. do sth.和let sb. do sth.后接不带to的不定式,allow sb. to do sth.意为"允许某人做某事"。根据句意,选A。
2、They took the money __________.
A. by force B. with force C. in force D. at force
【答案】A
【解析】句意为"他们用武力抢走了钱。"考查by force的固定短语,意为"用武力"。force作名词时意为"力量;武力"。故选A。
4、steal
【用法讲解】
steal作动词,意为"偷;窃取"。
【常用结构】
① steal sth. from sb./sp. 从某人/某处偷某物
例句:The thief stole a painting from the museum. (小偷从博物馆偷了一幅画。)
② steal away 悄悄离开
例句:She stole away without saying goodbye. (她悄悄离开了,没说再见。)
【易混词辨析】steal与rob
① steal后接被偷的物品,常用steal sth. from sp./sb.。
例句:He stole a wallet from the man. (他从那个人那里偷了钱包。)
② rob后接被盗的人或场所,常用rob sb./sp. of sth.。
例句:They robbed the bank of millions. (他们抢了银行数百万。)
【易错点】
steal是不规则动词:steal - stole - stolen。
即|讲|即|练
一、单项选择题。
1、The thief _____ a painting from the museum last night.
A. stole B. steal C. stolen D. stealing
【答案】A
【解析】句意为"昨晚小偷从博物馆偷了一幅画。"考查steal的过去式。steal是不规则动词,过去式为stole。根据"last night"可知用一般过去时,故选A。
2、They _____ the bank of millions of dollars.
A. stole B. robbed C. attacked D. forced
【答案】B
【解析】句意为"他们抢了银行数百万美元。"考查steal与rob的辨析。steal后接被偷的物品,常用steal sth. from sp.;rob后接被盗的人或场所,常用rob sb./sp. of sth.。此处接的是the bank(场所),故选robbed。故选B。
5、lost
【用法讲解】
① lost作形容词,意为"迷路的;丢失的"。
② lost还是动词lose的过去式和过去分词。
【词形变化】
lose v. 丢失(原形)
loss n. 损失
【常用结构】
① get lost 迷路;走开(口语)
例句:We got lost on the way to the museum. (我们在去博物馆的路上迷路了。)
② be/get lost in 沉浸在……
例句:He was lost in thought. (他陷入了沉思。)
例句:She got lost in the crowd. (她消失在人群中/在人群中迷路了。)
③ lost and found 失物招领处
例句:I found my watch at the lost and found. (我在失物招领处找到了手表。)
④ get lost on the way 在路上迷路
例句:We got lost on the way to the airport. (我们去机场的路上迷路了。)
即|讲|即|练
一、单项选择题。
1、We got _____ on the way to the museum yesterday.
A. lose B. lost C. loseing D. losing
【答案】B
【解析】句意为"昨天我们在去博物馆的路上迷路了。"考查get lost的固定用法,意为"迷路"。lost是lose的过去式和过去分词,也可作形容词,意为"迷路的"。故选B。
二、根据汉语提示完成句子。
1、我在失物招领处找到了手表。
I found my watch at the _____ and _____.
【答案】lost; found
【解析】考查lost and found的固定短语,意为"失物招领处"。故填lost和found。
6、recommend
【用法讲解】
recommend作动词,意为"推荐;建议"。
【词形变化】
recommendation n. 推荐;建议
【常用结构】
① recommend sb./sth. to sb. 向某人推荐某人/某物
例句:I recommend this book to all students. (我把这本书推荐给所有学生。)
② recommend doing sth. 建议做某事
例句:He recommends taking a break. (他建议休息一下。)
③ recommend that sb. (should) do sth. 建议某人做某事(虚拟语气)
例句:The doctor recommended that he (should) rest. (医生建议他休息。)
【常见短语】
① on sb.'s recommendation 在某人的推荐下
例句:On his recommendation, I saw the movie. (在他的推荐下,我看了那部电影。)
② letter of recommendation 推荐信
例句:You need three letters of recommendation for the job. (这份工作需要三封推荐信。)
③ make a recommendation 提出建议
例句:Can you make a recommendation for a hotel? (你能推荐一家酒店吗?)
即|讲|即|练
一、单项选择题。
1、I _____ this book to all students. It's really helpful.
A. recommend B. suggest C. advice D. introduce
【答案】A
【解析】句意为"我把这本书推荐给所有学生,它真的很有帮助。"考查recommend的用法。recommend sb./sth. to sb.意为"向某人推荐某人/某物"。suggest后不接to sb.结构,advice是名词,introduce意为"介绍"。故选A。
2、The doctor recommended that he _____ a rest.
A. takes B. take C. took D. taking
【答案】B
【解析】句意为"医生建议他休息。"考查recommend that sb. (should) do sth.的虚拟语气用法,that从句中用should+动词原形,should可省略。故选B(take)。
7、base
【用法讲解】
① base作名词,意为"基础;基地;底座"。
② base作动词,意为"以……为基础"。
【词形变化】
basic adj. 基本的
basically adv. 基本上
【常用结构】
① base on 以……为基础;基于(常用被动be based on)
例句:His argument is based on facts. (他的论点基于事实。)
② base in 以……为基地/总部
例句:The company is based in Beijing. (公司总部在北京。)
③ at the base of 在……的底部
例句:There is a village at the base of the mountain. (山脚下有一个村庄。)
④base sth. on sth. 把某事建立在某事基础上
例句:We based our estimate on the latest data. (我们的估算是基于最新数据的。)
即|讲|即|练
一、单项选择题。
1、His argument is _____ _____ facts.
A. base on B. based on C. basing on D. bases on
【答案】B
【解析】句意为"他的论点基于事实。"考查be based on的固定用法,意为"以……为基础;基于"。base on常用被动形式be based on。故选B。
2、The company is _________ Beijing.
A. base in B. based in C. basing in D. bases in
【答案】B
【解析】句意为"公司总部在北京。"考查base in的用法,意为"以……为基地/总部",常用被动be based in。故选B。
8、lock
【用法讲解】
① lock作动词,意为"锁上;锁住"。
② lock作名词,意为"锁"。
【词形变化】
locker n. 储物柜
unlock v. 开锁
【常用结构】
① lock sb. in/out 把某人锁在屋里/外
例句:I locked myself out of the house. (我把自己锁在了屋外。)
② lock sb. up 把某人关起来
例句:The prisoners were locked up all day. (犯人被整天关着。)
③ lock up sth. 把某物锁起来
例句:Lock up the valuables in the safe. (把贵重物品锁在保险柜里。)
即|讲|即|练
一、单项选择题。
1、The prisoners were _________ all day.
A. locked; up B. locked; in C. locked; out D. locked; on
【答案】A
【解析】句意为"犯人被整天关着。"考查lock sb. up的固定用法,意为"把某人关起来"。被动语态为be locked up。故选A。
二、根据汉语提示完成句子。
1、请把贵重物品锁在保险柜里。
Please _____ _____ the valuables in the safe.
【答案】lock up
【解析】考查lock up sth.的用法,意为"把某物锁起来"。祈使句用动词原形,故填lock up。
9、painful
【用法讲解】
painful作形容词,意为"疼痛的;痛苦的"。
【词形变化】
pain n. 疼痛
painfully adv. 痛苦地
painless adj. 无痛的
【常用结构】
① be painful for sb. 对某人来说是痛苦的
例句:The breakup was painful for both of them. (分手对他们俩都很痛苦。)
② be painful to do sth. 做某事很痛苦
例句:It was painful to watch him suffer. (看着他受苦很痛苦。)
【常见短语】
painful lesson (惨痛的教训)
painful experience (痛苦的经历)
即|讲|即|练
一、单项选择题。
1、The breakup was _____ for both of them.
A. pain B. painful C. painfully D. painless
【答案】B
【解析】句意为"分手对他们俩都很痛苦。"考查painful的用法。be painful for sb.意为"对某人来说是痛苦的"。pain是名词,painfully是副词,painless意为"无痛的"。故选B。
2、It was _____ to watch him suffer.
A. pain B. painful C. painless D. painfully
【答案】B
【解析】句意为"看着他受苦很痛苦。"考查be painful to do sth.的用法,意为"做某事很痛苦"。it是形式主语,后接形容词作表语。故选B。
10、nobody
【用法讲解】
nobody作代词,意为"没有人",相当于no one。
例句:Nobody knows the answer. (没有人知道答案。)
例句:There is nobody in the room. (房间里没有人。)
【常用结构】
① nobody else 没有别人
例句:Nobody else can help us. (没有别人能帮我们了。)
【易混词辨析】nobody, no one与none
① nobody和no one同义,常用于指人,谓语用单数。
例句:Nobody/No one saw the accident. (没有人看到事故。)
② none可指人或物,可接of短语,谓语可用单数或复数。
例句:None of the students was/were late. (没有一个学生迟到。)
【易错点】
nobody作主语时谓语动词用单数。nobody后面不接of。不能说nobody of us,要说none of us。
即|讲|即|练
一、单项选择题。
1、_____ knows the answer to this question.
A. Nobody B. No one C. None D. A和B都对
【答案】D
【解析】句意为"没有人知道这个问题的答案。"考查nobody与no one的辨析。nobody和no one同义,都意为"没有人",谓语用单数。none可指人或物,常接of短语。此处nobody和no one都正确。故选D。
2、_____ of the students was late for class.
A. Nobody B. No one C. None D. Nothing
【答案】C
【解析】句意为"没有一个学生上课迟到。"考查nobody与none的辨析。nobody后面不接of,要说none of。none可接of短语,谓语可用单数或复数。故选C。
11、state
【用法讲解】
① state作名词,意为"状态;国家;州"。
例句:Water exists in three states. (水有三种状态。)
例句:The United States is a big country. (美国是一个大国。)
② state作动词,意为"陈述;说明"。
例句:Please state your name and address. (请说明你的姓名和地址。)
【词形变化】
statement n. 陈述;声明
【常用结构】
① in a ... state 处于……状态
例句:The room was in a mess. (房间很乱。)
② state of mind 心态
例句:Your state of mind affects your health. (你的心态影响健康。)
③ state clearly 清楚地说明
例句:He stated clearly his intention. (他清楚地说明了他的意图。)
即|讲|即|练
一、单项选择题。
1、Please _____ your name and address clearly.
A. state B. statement C. stating D. stated
【答案】A
【解析】句意为"请清楚地说明你的姓名和地址。"考查state作动词的用法,意为"陈述;说明"。Please后接动词原形。statement是名词,意为"声明"。故选A。
二、根据汉语提示完成句子。
1、你的心态影响你的健康。
Your _____ of _____ affects your health.
【答案】state; mind
【解析】考查state of mind的固定短语,意为"心态"。故填state和mind。
12、since
【用法讲解】
① since作介词,意为"自从……以来",后接时间点。
例句:I have lived here since 2010. (我从2010年起就住在这里。)
② since作连词,意为"自从……;既然"。
例句:It has been two years since we met. (我们两年没见面了。)
Since you are here, let's start. (既然你在这里,我们开始吧。)
【常用结构】
① since then 从那时起
例句:I haven't seen him since then. (从那时起我再没见过他。)
② ever since 从那时起一直
例句:He has been away from home ever since. (自那以后,他便一直离家在外。)
【易混词辨析】since与for
① since后接时间点(具体时刻、日期、年份)。
例句:I've been waiting since 3 o'clock. (我从3点就开始等了。)
② for后接时间段(长度)。
例句:I've been waiting for two hours. (我等了两个小时。)
【易错点】
since与现在完成时连用。注意since引导的时间状语从句中,主句用现在完成时,从句用一般过去时。
即|讲|即|练
一、单项选择题。
1、I have lived here _____ 2010.
A. since B. for C. from D. in
【答案】A
【解析】句意为"我从2010年起就住在这里。"考查since与for的辨析。since后接时间点(具体年份),for后接时间段。2010是时间点,故选since。
2、I have been waiting _____ two hours.
A. since B. for C. from D. in
【答案】B
【解析】句意为"我已经等了两个小时了。"考查since与for的辨析。for后接时间段(长度),two hours是时间段,故选for。
13、prove
【用法讲解】
prove作动词,意为"证明;证实;结果是"。
【词形变化】
proof n. 证据
【常用结构】
① prove sth. to sb. 向某人证明某事
例句:Can you prove your identity to the police? (你能向警察证明你的身份吗?)
② prove to be 结果是;证明是
例句:The rumor proved to be true. (那谣言结果是真的。)
③ it proves that... 这证明……
例句:It proves that hard work pays off. (这证明努力会有回报。)
【常见短语】
prove oneself (证明自己)
【易错点】
prove是不规则动词:prove - proved - proved/proven。prove to be中to be可省略(直接接形容词)。
即|讲|即|练
一、单项选择题。
1、The rumor _____ to be true.
A. proved B. proven C. proving
【答案】A
【解析】句意为"那谣言结果是真的。"考查prove to be的用法,意为"结果是;证明是"。prove是不规则动词,过去式为proved。故选A。
2、It _____ that hard work pays off.
A. proves B. proof C. proved D. proven
【答案】A
【解析】句意为"这证明努力会有回报。"考查it proves that...的用法,意为"这证明……"。主语it是第三人称单数,谓语用proves。proof是名词,意为"证据"。故选A。
14、day by day
【用法讲解】
day by day意为"一天天地;逐日",强调逐渐变化的过程。
例句:The weather is getting warmer day by day. (天气一天天变暖。)
例句:Day by day, she became more confident. (一天天过去,她变得更自信了。)
【易混短语辨析】day by day与day after day
① day by day强调"逐渐地",常与变化动词连用。
例句:His health is improving day by day. (他的健康一天天好转。)
② day after day强调"日复一日",表示重复、枯燥。
例句:I have to do the same work day after day. (我日复一日做同样的工作。)
【常见短语】
little by little (逐渐地)
step by step (一步一步地)
即|讲|即|练
一、单项选择题。
1、The weather is getting warmer _____.
A. day by day B. day after day C. day to day D. day in day
【答案】A
【解析】句意为"天气一天天变暖。"考查day by day的用法,意为"一天天地;逐日",强调逐渐变化的过程,常与变化动词连用。day after day强调"日复一日",表示重复。故选A。
2、I have to do the same work _____. It's so boring.
A. day by day B. day after day C. day to day D. day in day
【答案】B
【解析】句意为"我日复一日做同样的工作,太无聊了。"考查day by day与day after day的辨析。day after day强调"日复一日",表示重复、枯燥,符合"boring"的语境。故选B。
15、effect
【用法讲解】
effect作名词,意为"效果;影响;作用"。
【词形变化】
effective adj. 有效的
【常用结构】
① have an effect on 对……有影响
例句:Praise has a positive effect on children. (表扬对孩子有积极影响。)
② in effect 实际上;有效
例句:The rule is still in effect. (这条规定仍然有效。)
③ come into effect 生效
例句:The new law comes into effect next month. (新法律下个月生效。)
④ take effect 见效;生效
例句:The pill takes effect within an hour. (药丸一小时内见效。)
【易混词辨析】effect与affect
① effect作名词,意为"效果"。
例句:The effect of the drug is strong. (这药的效力很强。)
② affect作动词,意为"影响"。
例句:The weather affects his mood. (天气影响他的心情。)
【常见短语】
side effect (副作用)
即|讲|即|练
一、单项选择题。
1、Praise has a positive _____ on children.
A. affect B. effect C. effective D. effectively
【答案】B
【解析】句意为"表扬对孩子有积极影响。"考查effect与affect的辨析。effect作名词,意为"效果;影响",have an effect on是固定搭配。affect是动词,意为"影响"。effective是形容词。故选B。
2、The new law will _________ next month.
A. have effect B. take effect C. make effect D. get effect
【答案】B
【解析】句意为"新法律下个月生效。"考查take effect的固定短语,意为"见效;生效"。come into effect也意为"生效",但此处用take effect更合适。故选B。
16、in time
【用法讲解】
in time意为"及时;迟早"。
例句:We arrived in time to catch the train. (我们及时赶上了火车。)
例句:If you keep studying, you'll succeed in time. (如果你继续学习,迟早会成功。)
【易混短语辨析】in time与on time
① in time意为"及时",在截止时间之前,常与for/to do连用。
例句:I hope we get there in time for the show. (我希望我们能及时赶到看演出。)
② on time意为"准时",按预定时间点。
例句:The train arrived on time. (火车准点到达。)
即|讲|即|练
一、单项选择题。
1、We arrived ________ to catch the train.
A. in time B. on time C. at time D. by time
【答案】A
【解析】句意为"我们及时赶上了火车。"考查in time的用法,意为"及时",在截止时间之前。on time意为"准时",按预定时间点。根据"to catch the train"可知是及时赶到,故选A。
2、The train arrived _______.
A. in time B.on time C. at time D. by time
【答案】B
【解析】句意为"火车准点到达。"考查in time与on time的辨析。on time意为"准时",按预定时间点到达。in time意为"及时"。火车准点到达用on time。故选B。
17、consider
【用法讲解】
consider作动词,意为"考虑;认为"。
【词形变化】
consideration n. 考虑
【常用结构】
① consider doing sth. 考虑做某事
例句:He is considering changing his job. (他正在考虑换工作。)
② consider sb./sth. (as/to be) sth. 认为某人/某物是……
例句:We consider him (as) a hero. (我们认为他是英雄。)
③ consider that... 认为……
例句:I consider that he is the best candidate. (我认为他是最佳人选。)
即|讲|即|练
一、单项选择题。
1、He is _____ changing his job.
A. consider B. considering C. considered D. considerable
【答案】B
【解析】句意为"他正在考虑换工作。"考查consider doing sth.的用法,意为"考虑做某事"。is后接现在分词构成现在进行时,故选considering。
2、We _____ him _____ a hero.
A. consider; as B. consider; to be C. A和B都对 D. consider; for
【答案】C
【解析】句意为"我们认为他是英雄。"考查consider sb./sth. (as/to be) sth.的用法,意为"认为某人/某物是……"。as和to be都可以,故选C。
18、doubt
【用法讲解】
① doubt作动词,意为"怀疑;不相信"。
② doubt作名词,意为"怀疑;疑问"。
【词形变化】
doubtful adj. 怀疑的
doubtless adv. 无疑地
【常用结构】
① doubt whether/if 怀疑是否……
例句:I doubt whether he is telling the truth. (我怀疑他是否在说实话。)
② no doubt 无疑地
例句:No doubt she will win. (无疑她会赢。)
③ have doubts about 对……有疑问
例句:I have some doubts about his ability. (我对他的能力有些怀疑。)
【易错点】
doubt在肯定句中后接whether/if从句;在否定句和疑问句中后接that从句。
例如:I don't doubt that he is honest. (我不怀疑他是诚实的。)
即|讲|即|练
一、单项选择题。
1、I _____ whether he is telling the truth.
A. doubt B. believe C. trust D. hope
【答案】A
【解析】句意为"我怀疑他是否在说实话。"考查doubt whether/if的用法,意为"怀疑是否……"。doubt作动词,意为"怀疑;不相信"。故选A。
2、_____ she will win the game.
A. No doubt B. No doubts C. Not doubt D. Not a doubt
【答案】A
【解析】句意为"无疑她会赢得比赛。"考查no doubt的固定用法,意为"无疑地"。no doubt后可接that从句。故选A。
Unit 8词句高频考点、重难点讲练
1、make a difference
【用法讲解】
make a difference意为"有影响;起重要作用;使不同"。
【常用结构】
① make a difference to sb./sth. 对某人/某事物有影响
例句:The new policy makes a difference to people's lives. (新政策对人们的生活有影响。)
② make a difference between 区分……
例句:He can't make a difference between the two colors. (他分不清这两种颜色。)
【易错点】
difference前常加形容词如big, great, little等。短语中的冠词a不能省略。
即|讲|即|练
一、单项选择题。
1、The new policy makes a difference _____ people's lives.
A. for B. to C. with D. on
【答案】B
【解析】句意为"新政策对人们的生活有影响。"考查make a difference to sb./sth.的固定搭配,意为"对某人/某事物有影响"。for、with、on均不与make a difference搭配。故选B。
2、Can you make a difference _____ the two colors?
A. to B. for C. between D. on
【答案】C
【解析】句意为"你能区分这两种颜色吗?"考查make a difference between的固定搭配,意为"区分……"。to、for、on均不与make a difference搭配表示区分。故选C。
2、elder
【用法讲解】
elder作形容词或名词,意为"年长的;(家庭中的)长辈"。
【词形变化】
eldest adj. 最年长的(最高级)
【常用结构】
① elder brother/sister 哥哥/姐姐
例句:Her elder sister is a doctor. (她姐姐是医生。)
【易混词辨析】elder与older
① elder只能指人,不用于than引导的比较结构,常作定语。
例句:His elder son is in college. (他的大儿子在上大学。)
② older可指人或物,可用于than比较。
例句:She is older than me. (她比我大。)
This building is older than that one. (这座楼比那座旧。)
即|讲|即|练
一、单项选择题。
1、Her _____ sister is a doctor.
A. elder B. older C. old D. eldest
【答案】A
【解析】句意为"她姐姐是一名医生。"考查elder与older的辨析。elder指家庭中的长辈,常作定语,不用于than比较。older可用于than比较。根据sister可知是家庭成员中的姐姐,用elder。故选A。
二、根据汉语提示完成句子。
1、他哥哥比他大三岁。
His _____ brother is three years _____ than him.
【答案】elder; older
【解析】第一空考查elder的用法,elder指家庭中的长辈,常作定语,填elder。第二空考查elder与older的辨析,elder不用于than比较,than前用older。故填elder和older。
3、elderly
【用法讲解】
elderly作形容词,意为"年迈的;年纪较大的"。
例句:The elderly man walks slowly with a stick. (那位老人拄着拐杖慢慢走。)
【常用结构】
① the elderly
the elderly意为"老年人",是定冠词+形容词,表示一类人。
例句:The elderly need more medical care. (老年人需要更多医疗照顾。)
例句:This service is designed for the elderly. (这项服务是为老年人设计的。)
【易混词辨析】elderly与old
① elderly较委婉,常指已过中年、接近老年。
例句:She is elderly but still active. (她年事已高但仍活跃。)
② old最普通,可指任何年龄大的。
例句:He is an old man. (他是个老人。)
【常用结构】
① care for the elderly 照顾老年人
【易错点】
the elderly表示一类人,谓语动词用复数。不能说an elderly指一个老人(可说an elderly person)。
即|讲|即|练
一、单项选择题。
1、The _____ need more medical care.
A. elderly B. old man C. elder D. olds
【答案】A
【解析】句意为"老年人需要更多医疗照顾。"考查the elderly的用法。the elderly意为"老年人",是定冠词+形容词,表示一类人,谓语动词用复数。old man是单数,elder常作定语,olds形式错误。故选A。
2、This service is designed for the _____.
A. elder B. elderly C. older
【答案】B
【解析】句意为"这项服务是为老年人设计的。"考查the elderly的用法。the elderly表示"老年人",是定冠词+形容词表示一类人。elder常作定语,older不能与the搭配表示一类人。故选B。
4、provide
【用法讲解】
provide作动词,意为"提供;供应"。
【常用结构】
① provide sth. for sb. 为某人提供某物
例句:The charity provides food for the homeless. (慈善机构为无家可归者提供食物。)
② provide sb. with sth. 向某人提供某物
例句:The company provided us with uniforms. (公司给我们提供制服。)
【易混词辨析】provide, offer与supply
① provide强调"供应、供给",常与for/with搭配。
例句:The farm provides eggs for the market. (农场向市场供应鸡蛋。)
② offer强调"主动提供"。
例句:He offered me a cup of tea. (他给我倒了一杯茶。)
③ supply常指大量或定期供应。
例句:The pipe supplies water to the village. (管道向村庄供水。)
【常见短语】
provide an opportunity (提供机会)
即|讲|即|练
一、单项选择题。
1、The charity _____ food _____ the homeless.
A. provides; for B. provides; with C. provides; to D. provides; at
【答案】A
【解析】句意为"慈善机构为无家可归者提供食物。"考查provide sth. for sb.的固定搭配,意为"为某人提供某物"。provide sb. with sth.也对,但此处food在前,the homeless在后,用for。故选A。
2、The company _____ us _____ uniforms.
A. provides; for B. provides; with C. provides; to D. provides; at
【答案】B
【解析】句意为"公司给我们提供制服。"考查provide sb. with sth.的固定搭配,意为"向某人提供某物"。us是人,uniforms是物,人在前用with。故选B。
5、donate
【用法讲解】
donate作动词,意为"捐赠;捐献"。
【词形变化】
donation n. 捐赠
【常用结构】
① donate sth. to sb./sth. 把某物捐给某人/某机构
例句:She donated her old clothes to the poor. (她把旧衣服捐给了穷人。)
② donate blood 献血
③ make a donation (to) (向……)捐款
例句:We made a donation to the Red Cross. (我们向红十字会捐款。)
④ donation of 捐赠的……
例句:a donation of books (一批捐书)
即|讲|即|练
一、单项选择题。
1、She _____ her old clothes _____ the poor.
A. donates; to B. donates; for C. donates; with D. donates; at
【答案】A
【解析】句意为"她把旧衣服捐给了穷人。"考查donate sth. to sb./sth.的固定搭配,意为"把某物捐给某人/某机构"。donate后接to表示捐赠对象。故选A。
二、根据汉语提示完成句子。
1、他经常献血。
He often _____ _____.
【答案】donates blood
【解析】考查donate blood的固定短语,意为"献血"。主语是第三人称单数,动词用donates。故填donates blood。
6、active
【用法讲解】
active作形容词,意为"活跃的;积极的;主动的"。
【词形变化】
activity n. 活动
actively adv. 积极地
【常用结构】
① take an active part in 积极参加
例句:He takes an active part in community service. (他积极参加社区服务。)
② be active in 在……方面活跃
例句:She is active in local politics. (她活跃于当地政治。)
即|讲|即|练
一、单项选择题。
1、He takes an active part _____ community service.
A. on B. in C. at D. for
【答案】B
【解析】句意为"他积极参加社区服务。"考查take an active part in的固定搭配,意为"积极参加"。part后接in。故选B。
2、She is active _____ local politics.
A. on B. in C. at D. for
【答案】B
【解析】句意为"她活跃于当地政治。"考查be active in的固定搭配,意为"在……方面活跃"。active后接in。故选B。
7、come along
【用法讲解】
come along意为"赶快;跟着来"。
例句:Come along with us to the park. (和我们一起去公园吧。)
【常用结构】
① come along with sb. 跟某人一起来
例句:He came along with his friends. (他和朋友一起来了。)
即|讲|即|练
一、单项选择题。
1、Come along _____ us to the park.
A. on B. with C. at D. for
【答案】B
【解析】句意为"和我们一起去公园吧。"考查come along with sb.的固定搭配,意为"跟某人一起来"。along后接with。故选B。
二、根据汉语提示完成句子。
1、他和朋友一起来了。
He came along _____ his friends.
【答案】with
【解析】考查come along with sb.的固定搭配,意为"跟某人一起来"。故填with。
8、help out
【用法讲解】
help out意为"帮助解决困难;帮忙"。
【常用结构】
① help out with sth. 在某事上帮忙
例句:She helped out with the food preparation. (她帮忙准备食物。)
② help sb. out 帮助某人摆脱困境
例句:My parents helped me out when I lost my job. (我失业时父母帮了我。)
【易错点】
help out是"动词+副词"短语,代词作宾语放中间:help him out。
即|讲|即|练
一、单项选择题。
1、She helped out _____ the food preparation.
A. on B. in C. with D. for
【答案】C
【解析】句意为"她帮忙准备食物。"考查help out with sth.的固定搭配,意为"在某事上帮忙"。help out后接with。故选C。
2、My parents helped me _____ when I lost my job.
A. on B. in C. with D. out
【答案】D
【解析】句意为"我失业时父母帮了我。"考查help sb. out的固定搭配,意为"帮助某人摆脱困境"。help out是动词+副词短语,代词作宾语放中间。故选D。
9、ever since
【用法讲解】
ever since意为"自从……以来一直",强调动作从过去持续到现在。
【常用结构】
① ever since + 从句(一般过去时),主句常用现在完成时
例句:Ever since he left, I have felt sad. (自从他离开后,我一直感到难过。)
② ever since单独使用,放在句尾
例句:We became friends and have stayed friends ever since. (我们成了朋友,从此一直是朋友。)
即|讲|即|练
一、单项选择题。
1、Ever since he left, I _____ felt sad.
A. have B. has C. had D. am
【答案】A
【解析】句意为"自从他离开后,我一直感到难过。"考查ever since的用法,ever since + 从句(一般过去时),主句常用现在完成时。主语是I,用have。故选A。
2、We became friends and have stayed friends _____ _____.
A. ever since B.from then C. after that
【答案】A
【解析】句意为"我们成了朋友,从此一直是朋友。"考查ever since单独使用的用法,意为"自从……以来一直",放在句尾。故选A。
10、success
【用法讲解】
success作名词,意为"成功;成就"。可作不可数(抽象)或可数(成功的人/事)。
例句:Failure is the mother of success. (失败是成功之母。)(不可数)
例句:The party was a great success. (派对很成功。)(可数)
【词形变化】
succeed v. 成功
successful adj. 成功的
【常用结构】
① have success in (doing) sth. 在(做)某事上成功
例句:She had success in her career. (她事业有成。)
② make a success of 把……做成功
例句:He made a success of his business. (他把生意做成功了。)
③ without success 没有成功
例句:He tried to open the door without success. (他试图开门但没成功。)
④ be successful in (doing) sth. 在(做)某事上成功
例句:She was successful in finding a job. (她成功找到了工作。)
【易错点】
success作"成功"抽象概念不可数,作"成功的事/人"可数。
即|讲|即|练
一、单项选择题。
1、Failure is the mother of _____.
A. succeed B. success C. successful D. successfully
【答案】B
【解析】句意为"失败是成功之母。"考查success作名词的用法,意为"成功"。the mother of后接名词,success是不可数名词,意为"成功"。succeed是动词,successful是形容词,successfully是副词。故选B。
2、The party was a great _____.
A. succeed B. success C. successful D. successfully
【答案】B
【解析】句意为"派对很成功。"考查success作可数名词的用法,意为"成功的人/事"。a great后接名词,此处success是可数名词,意为"成功的事"。succeed是动词,successful是形容词。故选B。
11、most of all
【用法讲解】
most of all意为"最重要的是"。
例句:I like many sports, but most of all, I love swimming. (我喜欢很多运动,但最重要的是,我热爱游泳。)
例句:Most of all, we must be honest. (最重要的是,我们必须诚实。)
【易混短语辨析】most of all与above all
① most of all强调在所有事物中"最"。
例句:He values his family most of all. (他最看重家庭。)
② above all强调在众多事项中"首要"。
例句:Above all, stay calm. (首要的是,保持冷静。)
即|讲|即|练
一、单项选择题。
1、I like many sports, but _________, I love swimming.
A. most of all B. above all C. first of all D. after all
【答案】A
【解析】句意为"我喜欢很多运动,但最重要的是,我热爱游泳。"考查most of all的用法,意为"最重要的是",强调在所有事物中"最"。above all强调"首要",first of all意为"首先",after all意为"毕竟"。根据"love swimming"可知是最喜欢的,用most of all。故选A。
二、根据汉语提示完成句子。
1、最重要的是,我们必须诚实。
_____ _____ _____, we must be honest.
【答案】Most of all
【解析】考查most of all的固定短语,意为"最重要的是"。句首首字母大写。故填Most of all。
12、value
【用法讲解】
① value作名词,意为"价值;重要性"。
② value作动词,意为"重视;珍视"。
【词形变化】
valuable adj. 有价值的
【常用结构】
① of value 有价值的
例句:This book is of great value to learners. (这本书对学习者很有价值。)
② value sb./sth. as 把……视为……
例句:He values her as his best friend. (他把她视为最好的朋友。)
【易混词辨析】value, worth与price
① value指内在价值或重要性。
例句:The value of education is immeasurable. (教育的价值不可估量。)
② worth多指金钱上的价值,与price相关。
例句:What is the worth of this painting? (这幅画值多少钱?)
③ price指价格。
【常见短语】
face value (面值;表面价值)
moral values (道德价值观)
即|讲|即|练
一、单项选择题。
1、The _____ of education is immeasurable.
A. price B. worth C. value D. cost
【答案】C
【解析】句意为"教育的价值不可估量。"考查value, worth与price的辨析。value指内在价值或重要性,worth多指金钱上的价值,price指价格。教育的价值用value。故选C。
二、根据汉语提示完成句子。
1、他把她视为最好的朋友。
He _____ her _____ his best friend.
【答案】values; as
【解析】考查value sb. as的固定搭配,意为"把……视为……"。主语是第三人称单数,动词用values。故填values和as。
13、worth
【用法讲解】
worth作形容词(或介词),意为"值……的;值得的"。
【词形变化】
worthless adj. 无价值的
worthy adj. 值得的
【常用结构】
① be worth + 钱数 值多少钱
例句:How much is the painting worth? (这幅画值多少钱?)
② be worth doing 值得做(主动形式表被动)
例句:The book is worth reading. (这本书值得读。)
③ be worth it 值得
例句:It's hard work, but it's worth it. (工作辛苦,但值得。)
即|讲|即|练
一、单项选择题。
1、The book is _____ reading.
A. worth B. worthy C. worthless D. worthy of
【答案】A
【解析】句意为"这本书值得读。"考查be worth doing的固定搭配,意为"值得做",主动形式表被动。worthy后接of doing,worthless意为"无价值的"。故选A。
2、How much is the painting _____?
A. worth B. worthy C. worthless D. worthy of
【答案】A
【解析】句意为"这幅画值多少钱?"考查be worth + 钱数的用法,意为"值多少钱"。worthy后接of,worthless意为"无价值的"。故选A。
14、willing
【用法讲解】
willing作形容词,意为"愿意的;乐意的"。
【词形变化】
willingly adv. 乐意地
willingness n. 乐意
unwilling adj. 不情愿的
【常用结构】
① be willing to do sth. 愿意做某事
例句:He is willing to take the risk. (他愿意冒这个险。)
即|讲|即|练
一、单项选择题。
1、He is _____ to take the risk.
A. willing B. willingly C. unwilling D. willingness
【答案】A
【解析】句意为"他愿意冒这个险。"考查be willing to do sth.的固定搭配,意为"愿意做某事"。willingly是副词,unwilling意为"不情愿的",willingness是名词。is后接形容词,故选A。
二、根据汉语提示完成句子。
1、她很乐意帮忙。
She is _____ _____ help.
【答案】willing to
【解析】考查be willing to do sth.的固定搭配,意为"愿意做某事"。故填willing to。
15、in need
【用法讲解】
in need意为"在困境中;需要帮助的"。
例句:We should help those in need. (我们应该帮助有需要的人。)
例句:He is in need of money. (他需要钱。)
【常用结构】
① in need of 需要……
例句:The house is in need of repair. (这房子需要修理。)
② friend in need 患难朋友
例句:A friend in need is a friend indeed. (患难见真情。)
即|讲|即|练
一、单项选择题。
1、We should help those _________.
A. in need B. in need of C. need of D. need in
【答案】A
【解析】句意为"我们应该帮助有需要的人。"考查in need的固定短语,意为"在困境中;需要帮助的"。those in need意为"有需要的人"。in need of后需接名词。故选A。
2、The house is _________ of repair.
A. in need B. in need of C. need of D. need in
【答案】B
【解析】句意为"这房子需要修理。"考查in need of的固定搭配,意为"需要……"。in need of后接名词repair。in need单独使用表示"在困境中"。故选B。
16、effort
【用法讲解】
effort作名词,意为"努力;尽力"。
【常用结构】
① make an effort to do sth. 努力做某事
例句:Please make an effort to arrive on time. (请努力按时到达。)
② spare no effort 不遗余力
例句:The team spared no effort to win. (团队不遗余力地争取胜利。)
③ put effort into 在某事上投入努力
例句:She puts a lot of effort into her studies. (她学习很努力。)
即|讲|即|练
一、单项选择题。
1、Please make an _____ to arrive on time.
A. effort B. efforts C. effortful D. effortlessly
【答案】A
【解析】句意为"请努力按时到达。"考查make an effort to do sth.的固定搭配,意为"努力做某事"。an后接单数名词effort。efforts是复数,effortful是形容词,effortlessly是副词。故选A。
二、根据汉语提示完成句子。
1、她学习很努力。
She puts a lot of _____ _____ her studies.
【答案】effort into
【解析】考查put effort into的固定搭配,意为"在某事上投入努力"。故填effort into。
17、hand out
【用法讲解】
hand out意为"分发;散发"。
【词形变化】
handout n. 分发材料;施舍物
【常用结构】
① hand out sth. to sb. 把某物分发给某人
例句:They handed out leaflets to passers-by. (他们向路人散发传单。)
② hand out punishment 给予惩罚
即|讲|即|练
一、单项选择题。
1、The teacher handed out the books _____ the students.
A. to B. for C. with D. at
【答案】A
【解析】句意为"老师把书分发给学生。"考查hand out sth. to sb.的固定搭配,意为"把某物分发给某人"。故选A。
二、根据汉语提示完成句子。
1、他们向路人散发传单。
They handed out leaflets _____ passers-by.
【答案】to
【解析】考查hand out sth. to sb.的固定搭配,意为"把某物分发给某人"。故填to。
18、familiar with
【用法讲解】
familiar with意为"熟悉……",主语常为人。
【词形变化】
familiarity n. 熟悉
unfamiliar adj. 不熟悉的
【常用结构】
① be familiar with sb./sth. 熟悉某人/某物
例句:She is familiar with the local customs. (她熟悉当地习俗。)
② be familiar to 为……所熟悉(主语是物)
例句:His voice is familiar to me. (他的声音我听来熟悉。)
【易混短语辨析】be familiar with与be familiar to
① be familiar with的主语是人。
② be familiar to的主语是事物,被动含义。
【易错点】
注意介词区别:人+ familiar with;物+ familiar to +人。
即|讲|即|练
一、单项选择题。
1、She is familiar _____ the local customs.
A. to B. with C. for D. at
【答案】B
【解析】句意为"她熟悉当地习俗。"考查be familiar with的固定搭配,意为"熟悉……",主语是人。be familiar to的主语是物。故选B。
2、His voice is familiar _____ me.
A. to B. with C. for D. at
【答案】A
【解析】句意为"他的声音我听来熟悉。"考查be familiar to的固定搭配,意为"为……所熟悉",主语是物(his voice)。be familiar with的主语是人。故选A。
19、talent
【用法讲解】
talent作名词,意为"天赋;才能"。
【词形变化】
talented adj. 有天赋的
【常用结构】
① have a talent for (doing) sth. 有做某事的天赋
例句:He has a talent for drawing. (他有绘画天赋。)
② talent show 才艺秀
例句:Many students performed in the talent show. (许多学生在才艺秀上表演。)
即|讲|即|练
一、根据汉语提示完成句子。
1、他有绘画天赋。
He has a _____ _____ drawing.
【答案】talent for
【解析】考查have a talent for (doing) sth.的固定搭配,意为"有做某事的天赋"。故填talent for。
2、许多学生在才艺秀上表演。
Many students performed in the _____ _____.
【答案】talent show
【解析】考查talent show的固定短语,意为"才艺秀"。故填talent show。
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