第01讲 Unit 1 This is me（知识全梳理&考点精准练）（暑假预习讲义）新八年级英语新教材外研版

第01讲 Unit 1 This is me （知识全梳理&考点精准练） 内容导航 01 预习航标→ 析目标·明方向：预习导航精准定向 02 教材全解 → 析教材·学新知：情境概念深度构 考点精讲：聚焦常考要点，讲清逻辑 例题精析：典型题目带路，学会解题思路 即练固基：趁热打铁练一练，巩固刚学内容 03过关检测 → 练考点·强落实：过关检测分层提 关键词 学习目标导航 学习目标 1. 词汇：掌握 birthmark、nervous、doubt、fear、succeed、stick 等核心单词，熟记 instead of、hold back、stick to、to one’s surprise 等单元必考短语，能在自我介绍语境灵活运用。 2. 句型：吃透课文重点句式（instead of doing、with 复合结构、as long 引导条件句、It’s +adj. to do），能复述 Sally 胎记、苏炳添两篇课文关键语句。 3. 语法：熟练掌握现在完成时基本结构（have/has+done），分清 already/yet/just/never 位置与用法，区分现在完成时与一般过去时基础差异，能完成句式改写、选词填空。 4. 输出：能用本单元词句撰写简短自我介绍演讲稿，完成单元写作（介绍自身优缺点、成长变化）。 学习重点 1. 高频短语辨析（instead of、hold back、stick to、feel like）的语境运用； 2. 现在完成时基本结构、标志词（already/yet/ever/never）用法； 3. 反身代词变形及固定搭配（enjoy oneself、teach oneself）。 学习难点 1. 现在完成时过去分词不规则变形，for/since辨析、现在完成时 vs 一般过去时区分； 2. with复合结构、instead of后接非谓语的用法； 3. 结合本单元主题，完整组织语言，有条理地进行英文自我介绍与成长经历写作。 4.时态现在完成时的学习（过去动作影响现在）以及与一般过去时的区别。 1. I suppose everyone has something they don't like about themselves.(P4) 我认为每个人都有自己不喜欢的地方。 【详解】 1）suppose 动词，意为猜想、认为，后接宾语从句，常用短句 I suppose so./I don’t suppose so. 例：I suppose she will join our club. 2）形容词修饰不定代词 something/nothing/anything 时，形容词后置。 例：I have something important to tell you. 3）everyone 作主语，指代自身时反身代词用 themselves。 例：Everyone should love themselves. 4）定语从句 they don’t like 修饰先行词 something，省略关系代词 that。 例：I like the gift (that) you bought. 【典例】I ______ (suppose) he ______ (know) his own weak points. A. suppose; knows B. supposes; know C. suppose; know 【即练 1】I don’t suppose ______ (something) is impossible.（变形） 【即练 2】Everyone should learn to accept ______ (they).（反身代词变形） 2. Instead of looking away, Maddie studied my face.(P4) 玛迪没有移开目光，反而仔细打量我的脸。 【详解】 1）instead of 为介词短语，后接名词、代词、动名词 doing，不能加动词原形。 例：I go to school on foot instead of riding bikes. 2）instead 是副词，单独使用，放在句首或句末，不加 of，无需搭配非谓语。 例：I don’t eat bread. Instead, I eat rice. 【典例】He went to school on foot instead of ______ (ride) a bike. A. ride B. riding C. to ride 【即练 1】I want tea instead ______ coffee.(介词填空) 【即练 2】She didn’t watch TV. ______, she read books.(用 instead 改写) 3. With so many people around me, my birthmark burned red hot.(P4) 身边围着很多人，我的胎记火辣辣的。 【详解】 with 复合结构：with + 宾语 + 宾补（名词 / 形容词 / 介词短语 /doing/done），在句中作伴随、原因状语。 ①with + 宾语 + 介词短语：With a bag on his back, he runs quickly. ②with + 宾语 + doing（主动）：With birds singing, we walk in the park. ③with + 宾语 + done（被动）：With homework finished, I can rest. ④with + 宾语 + 形容词：With the window open, it’s cool indoors. 【典例】______ lots of friends helping me, I finished my task quickly. A. Under B. With C. For 【即练 1】With the door ______(open), the room is cool. 【即练 2】With homework ______(finish), he can go out to play. 4. It felt just like a disaster.(P4) 那感觉就像一场灾难。 【详解】 1）feel like + 名词：感觉像…… 例：The cloud feels like a rabbit. 2）feel like+doing sth=would like to do：想要做某事 例：I feel like drinking juice.=I’d like to drink juice. 【典例】—Would you like to go out?—I feel like ______ at home. A. stay B. staying C. to stay 【即练 1】I feel like ______(drink) some warm water. 【即练 2】It feels ______ rain.(介词) 5. To my surprise, Maddie painted a red rose on her own face!(P5) 令我惊讶的是，第二天玛迪在自己脸上画了一朵红玫瑰。 【详解】 1）to one’s + 名词（surprise/joy/sadness）：令某人…… 的是，句首首字母大写。 例：To my joy, I passed the exam. 2）on one’s own=by oneself：独自、靠自己。 例：He cleans his room on his own.=He cleans his room by himself. 【典例】______ our surprise, he passed the difficult exam. A. To B. For C. At 【即练 1】______(to) my surprise, he won the game.(首字母大写) 【即练 2】He finished the task ______(he)=on his own. 6. I haven't told Maddie yet how she has changed me.(P5) 我还没有告诉玛迪她改变了我多少。 【详解】 1）现在完成时否定：have/has+not + 过去分词。 例：I haven’t eaten breakfast yet. 2）already 用于肯定句，放在 have/has 之后；yet 多用于否定、疑问句句尾。 例：She has already left. / Have you eaten yet? 【典例】—______ you ______(tell) him the news yet?—Not yet. A. Have; told B. Has; told C. Did; tell 【即练 1】I ______ (not finish) my homework yet. 【即练 2】She has ______ (already/yet) learnt to accept herself. 7. I have already learnt that I am what I am.(P5) 我已经学会接纳本来的自己。 【详解】 1）现在完成时肯定：have/has+done，already 置于助动词之后。 例：We have already finished work. 2）learn 两种变形：learned/learnt 均为过去分词。 例：I have learnt English for 3 years. 3）what 引导表语从句，在从句中充当成分。 例：My hope is what you can stay. 【典例】My sister ______ already ______ (accept) her shortcomings. A. has; accepted B. have; accept C. is; accepting 【即练 1】We ______ (learn) lots from this story already. 【即练 2】______ (be) what you truly are is important. 8. Everyone has something special and different - that is what's interesting.(P5) 每个人都有独特之处，这正是人生的乐趣所在。 【详解】 1）形容词修饰不定代词 something/nothing/anything，形容词后置。 例：I need something cheap. 2）everyone/nobody/nothing 等不定代词作主语，谓语动词用单数。 例：Nobody knows the secret. 【典例】There is ______ important in today’s newspaper. A. anything nothing B. nothing important C. important something 【即练 1】I want ______ (anything/something) warm to drink.(肯定句) 【即练 2】Nobody ______ (be) perfect in the world. 9. However, doubts and fears often hold us back.(P12) 然而，疑虑和恐惧常常阻碍我们前行。 【详解】 1）however 副词，表转折，前后常用逗号隔开；but 连词，直接连接两个分句，不加逗号。 例：It rained. However, we went out.=It rained but we went out. 2）doubt 可数名词，many 后接复数 doubts。 例：He has many doubts about the plan. 3）hold back 固定短语：阻碍、抑制。 【典例】He is very tired. ______, he keeps working hard. A. But B. However C. Because 【即练 1】He has many (doubt) about his plan.(复数) 【即练 2】(But/However), I still want to have a try. 10. Never let your age hold you back.(P13) 永远不要让年龄束缚你。 【详解】 1）let sb do sth：let 后接不带 to 的动词原形。 例：Let me help you. 2）hold sb back from doing sth：阻碍某人做某事，from 可省略。 例：Bad weather held us back from going hiking. 【典例】Don’t let fear hold you back ______ ______(try) your dream. A. to try B. from trying C. try 【即练 1】She tried hard to hold back ______(cry). 【即练 2】Nothing can hold us ______ going forward. 11. Nothing is impossible as long as you try and stick to it.(P13) 只要勇于尝试并坚持，万事皆有可能。 【详解】 1）nothing 作主语，谓语动词单数；im - 为否定前缀，possible→impossible。 例：Nothing is easy. 2）as long as 引导条件状语从句：只要。 例：You can pass as long as you study hard. 3）stick to 中 to 是介词，后接名词 /doing，不加动词原形。 例：I stick to getting up early. 【典例】He sticks to ______(practise) running every morning. A. practise B. practising C. to practise 【即练 1】Nothing ______(be) difficult if you put your heart into it. 【即练 2】I stick to ______(write) diaries every day. 12. In 2015, he clocked 9.99 seconds and made history.(P13) 2015 年，他跑出 9 秒 99，创造历史。 【详解】 1）clock v.（体育）跑出…… 成绩，过去式 clocked。 例：He clocked 10 seconds in the race. 2）make history 创造历史；in + 过去年份，句子用一般过去时。 例：In 2008, China made sports history. 【典例】The player ______(clock) a new record last month. A. clock B. clocked C. clocks 【即练 1】They ______(make) history in the sports meeting last year. 【即练 2】The athlete ______(clock) 11 seconds yesterday. 13. Su fought his fears and became a sporting hero.(P13) 苏炳添战胜恐惧，成为体育英雄。 【详解】 1）fight-fought-fought 不规则变形；fight one’s fears 战胜恐惧，fight against 对抗。 例：We fight against difficulties every day. 2）and 连接并列谓语，前后时态保持一致。 例：He got up and washed his face. 【典例】She fought her shyness and ______(win) the speech game. A. win B. won C. wins 【即练 1】We fought hard and ______(succeed) at last. 【即练 2】We should fight ______ our own weakness.(介词) 14. He succeeded in ______ the 100-metre race in 2021.(P13) 2021 年他在百米比赛中取得成功。 【详解】 单词变形：succeed (v.)→success (n.)→successful (adj.)；固定搭配 succeed in doing sth 成功做某事。 例：He succeeded in passing the exam.=His success makes us happy.=He is successful. 【典例】He succeeded in ______(break) the school running record last term. A. break B. breaking C. to break 【即练 1】She is a ______ (succeed) runner. 【即练 2】His ______(succeed) makes us proud. 15. I have got to know more about myself these years.(P16 演讲稿句型) 这些年来我越来越了解自己。 【详解】 1）have got to=have to：必须、不得不。 例：I have got to finish homework first. 2）these years/since + 过去时间，现在完成时标志；反身代词匹配主语。 例：You should believe yourself. 【典例】We ______ (get) to know each other since last term. A. have got B. got C. get 【即练 1】He ______(get) used to his new look already. 【即练 2】You should know ______(you) better. 一、单词拼写 1. Everyone has some ______ (不同之处) from others. 2. Su Bingtian is a great ______ (运动员) in China. 3. Don’t let fear h______ you back from your dream. 4. It’s i______ to finish the work in ten minutes alone. 5. She hurt ______ (她自己) when playing sports yesterday. 二、单项选择 1. I have ______ finished my homework, but my sister hasn’t finished ______. A. already; yet B. yet; already C. already; already 2. He decided ______ running every day to keep healthy. A. practise B. to practise C. practising 3. With many friends ______ me, I solved the problem easily. A. help B. helping C. helps 4. —Have you ______ been to Shanghai?—Never. A. ever B. never C. just 5. We enjoyed ______ at the self-introduction party last week. A. us B. ourselves C. our 6. Nothing ______ difficult if you stick ______ your dream. A. is; to B. are; to C. is; / 7. I don’t feel like ______ out because it rains heavily. A. go B. going C. to go 8. He ______ in this city since 2020. A. lives B. has lived C. lived 9. Instead of ______ TV, he reads books every evening. A. watch B. watching C. to watch 10. She succeeded ______ passing the speech test. A. in B. to C. for 三、用所给词适当形式填空 1. They ______ (learn) to accept their differences already. 2. With the wind ______ (blow), we put on our coats. 3. My brother teaches ______ (he) English in his free time. 4. It’s ______ (possible) to fly like birds for humans now. 5. He ______ (finish) his speech yesterday afternoon. 四、完成句子 1. 只要坚持，没有什么不可能。 Nothing is impossible ______ ______ you stick to it. 2. 不要让困难阻碍你的成长。 Don’t let trouble ______ you ______. 3. 她没有看电视，而是出去散步了。 She went out for a walk ______ ______ watching TV. 4. 我已经学会接纳自己的缺点。 I ______ ______ to accept my shortcoming. 5. 我们昨天玩得很开心。 We ______ ______ at the party yesterday. 五、阅读理解 Sally had a red birthmark on her face. She hated it very much and always kept her long hair to cover it. She felt upset when others looked at her secretly. One day, a new classmate Maddie sat beside her. Instead of avoiding looking at her face, Maddie said her birth was like a beautiful red rose. Later Maddie drew a red rose on her own face to cheer Sally up. From then on, Sally changed a lot. She has learnt everyone is special in their own ways and accepts her birthmark happily. Su Bingtian’s story also teaches her nothing is impossible as long as you stick to your dream. 1. Why did Sally keep long hair at first? A. She liked long hair. B. To cover her birthmark. C. Her parents asked her to do so. 2. What did Maddie think of Sally’s birthmark? A. Ugly. B. Like a red rose. C. Just a common mark. 3. What did Maddie do the next day? A. Cut her hair. B. Drew a red rose on her face. C. Helped Sally cut hair. 4. Which sentence is TRUE according to the passage? A. Sally still hates her birthmark now. B. Sally learns everyone is special. C. Su’s story makes Sally give up her dream. 5. What can we learn from the story? A. We should accept our own differences. B. We must change our looks. C. It’s easy to change others’ ideas. 六、完形填空 Everyone has something different. I used 1. dislike my big nose. I felt bad when classmates talked about it. I wanted to change it, 2. I couldn’t. With my best friend’s help, I changed my mind little by little. She didn’t stay away from me 3. looking away. Instead, she told me my nose made me special. I have already 4. to accept myself these years. Nothing is impossible as long as I stick 5. being myself. （ ）1.A. to B. for C. of （ ）2.A. and B. but C. so （ ）3.A. instead B. instead of C. because （ ）4.A. learn B. learnt C. learning （ ）5.A. to B. in C. at 9 / 9 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 第01讲 Unit 1 This is me （知识全梳理&考点精准练） 内容导航 01 预习航标→ 析目标·明方向：预习导航精准定向 02 教材全解 → 析教材·学新知：情境概念深度构 考点精讲：聚焦常考要点，讲清逻辑 例题精析：典型题目带路，学会解题思路 即练固基：趁热打铁练一练，巩固刚学内容 03过关检测 → 练考点·强落实：过关检测分层提 关键词 学习目标导航 学习目标 1. 词汇：掌握 birthmark、nervous、doubt、fear、succeed、stick 等核心单词，熟记 instead of、hold back、stick to、to one’s surprise 等单元必考短语，能在自我介绍语境灵活运用。 2. 句型：吃透课文重点句式（instead of doing、with 复合结构、as long 引导条件句、It’s +adj. to do），能复述 Sally 胎记、苏炳添两篇课文关键语句。 3. 语法：熟练掌握现在完成时基本结构（have/has+done），分清 already/yet/just/never 位置与用法，区分现在完成时与一般过去时基础差异，能完成句式改写、选词填空。 4. 输出：能用本单元词句撰写简短自我介绍演讲稿，完成单元写作（介绍自身优缺点、成长变化）。 学习重点 1. 高频短语辨析（instead of、hold back、stick to、feel like）的语境运用； 2. 现在完成时基本结构、标志词（already/yet/ever/never）用法； 3. 反身代词变形及固定搭配（enjoy oneself、teach oneself）。 学习难点 1. 现在完成时过去分词不规则变形，for/since辨析、现在完成时 vs 一般过去时区分； 2. with复合结构、instead of后接非谓语的用法； 3. 结合本单元主题，完整组织语言，有条理地进行英文自我介绍与成长经历写作。 4.时态现在完成时的学习（过去动作影响现在）以及与一般过去时的区别。 1. I suppose everyone has something they don't like about themselves.(P4) 我认为每个人都有自己不喜欢的地方。 【详解】 1）suppose 动词，意为猜想、认为，后接宾语从句，常用短句 I suppose so./I don’t suppose so. 例：I suppose she will join our club. 2）形容词修饰不定代词 something/nothing/anything 时，形容词后置。 例：I have something important to tell you. 3）everyone 作主语，指代自身时反身代词用 themselves。 例：Everyone should love themselves. 4）定语从句 they don’t like 修饰先行词 something，省略关系代词 that。 例：I like the gift (that) you bought. 【典例】I ______ (suppose) he ______ (know) his own weak points. A. suppose; knows B. supposes; know C. suppose; know 【答案】A 【解析】句意：我认为他清楚自己的缺点。考查主谓一致。主语为 I，是第一人称，谓语动词使用原形 suppose；宾语从句主语 he 是第三人称单数，谓语动词需要使用三单形式 knows。故选 A。 【即练 1】I don’t suppose ______ (something) is impossible.（变形） 【答案】anything 【解析】句意：我认为没有什么是不可能的。本句为否定前移句式，主句出现否定词 don’t，否定句中不定代词不能使用 something，something 仅用于肯定陈述句，否定句和疑问句需替换为 anything。故填 anything。 【即练 2】Everyone should learn to accept ______ (they).（反身代词变形） 【答案】themselves 【解析】句意：每个人都应该学会接纳自我。主语 everyone 和空格处指代同一个主体，动作作用于自身时需要使用反身代词；they 对应的反身代词是 themselves。故填 themselves。 2. Instead of looking away, Maddie studied my face.(P4) 玛迪没有移开目光，反而仔细打量我的脸。 【详解】 1）instead of 为介词短语，后接名词、代词、动名词 doing，不能加动词原形。 例：I go to school on foot instead of riding bikes. 2）instead 是副词，单独使用，放在句首或句末，不加 of，无需搭配非谓语。 例：I don’t eat bread. Instead, I eat rice. 【典例】He went to school on foot instead of ______ (ride) a bike. A. ride B. riding C. to ride 【答案】B 【解析】句意：他步行去上学，而不是骑自行车。考查固定搭配。instead of 属于介词短语，介词后面的动词需要变换为动名词形式。故选 B。 【即练 1】I want tea instead ______ coffee.(介词填空) 【答案】of 【解析】句意：我想要茶而不是咖啡。instead of 是固定介词搭配，含义为代替、而不是，是固定词组。故填 of。 【即练 2】She didn’t watch TV. ______, she read books.(用 instead 改写) 【答案】Instead 【解析】句意：她没有看电视，取而代之的是看书。instead 作副词可独立放在句首修饰整个句子，句首单词首字母需要大写。故填 Instead。 3. With so many people around me, my birthmark burned red hot.(P4) 身边围着很多人，我的胎记火辣辣的。 【详解】 with 复合结构：with + 宾语 + 宾补（名词 / 形容词 / 介词短语 /doing/done），在句中作伴随、原因状语。 ①with + 宾语 + 介词短语：With a bag on his back, he runs quickly. ②with + 宾语 + doing（主动）：With birds singing, we walk in the park. ③with + 宾语 + done（被动）：With homework finished, I can rest. ④with + 宾语 + 形容词：With the window open, it’s cool indoors. 【典例】______ lots of friends helping me, I finished my task quickly. A. Under B. With C. For 【答案】B 【解析】句意：在许多朋友的帮助下，我很快完成了任务。考查 with 复合结构。“with + 宾语 + doing” 是固定结构，用来表示伴随状态，under 和 for 无法构成该语法结构。故选 B。 【即练 1】With the door ______(open), the room is cool. 【答案】open/opened 【解析】句意：门开着，房间很凉爽。本句考查 with 复合结构，此处可用形容词 open 表示门处于敞开的状态，也可使用过去分词 opened 表被动。故填 open/opened。 【即练 2】With homework ______(finish), he can go out to play. 【答案】finished 【解析】句意：作业写完了，他可以出去玩。homework 和 finish 之间是被动关系，作业被完成，with 后接宾语时，被动含义要用过去分词作宾补。故填 finished。 4. It felt just like a disaster.(P4) 那感觉就像一场灾难。 【详解】 1）feel like + 名词：感觉像…… 例：The cloud feels like a rabbit. 2）feel like+doing sth=would like to do：想要做某事 例：I feel like drinking juice.=I’d like to drink juice. 【典例】—Would you like to go out?—I feel like ______ at home. A. stay B. staying C. to stay 【答案】B 【解析】句意：— 你想要外出吗？— 我想待在家里。考查固定短语。feel like 后面必须搭配动名词形式，为固定用法。故选 B。 【即练 1】I feel like ______(drink) some warm water. 【答案】drinking 【解析】句意：我想喝点温水。固定搭配 feel like doing sth 表示想要做某事，因此动词 drink 要变为动名词形式。故填 drinking。 【即练 2】It feels ______ rain.(介词) 【答案】like 【解析】句意：看起来快要下雨了。固定短语 feel like + 名词，意为仿佛、好像，rain 此处为名词。故填 like。 5. To my surprise, Maddie painted a red rose on her own face!(P5) 令我惊讶的是，第二天玛迪在自己脸上画了一朵红玫瑰。 【详解】 1）to one’s + 名词（surprise/joy/sadness）：令某人…… 的是，句首首字母大写。 例：To my joy, I passed the exam. 2）on one’s own=by oneself：独自、靠自己。 例：He cleans his room on his own.=He cleans his room by himself. 【典例】______ our surprise, he passed the difficult exam. A. To B. For C. At 【答案】A 【解析】句意：令我们惊讶的是，他通过了这场很难的考试。考查固定词组。to one’s surprise 是固定搭配，意为令某人惊讶的是，介词固定使用 to。故选 A。 【即练 1】______(to) my surprise, he won the game.(首字母大写) 【答案】To 【解析】句意：令我意外的是，他赢得了比赛。to one’s surprise 为固定短语，空格位于句首，单词首字母需要大写。故填 To。 【即练 2】He finished the task ______(he)=on his own. 【答案】himself 【解析】句意：他独自完成了任务，等同于 on his own。on one’s own 含义为独自，同义替换使用反身代词，he 对应的反身代词是 himself。故填 himself。 6. I haven't told Maddie yet how she has changed me.(P5) 我还没有告诉玛迪她改变了我多少。 【详解】 1）现在完成时否定：have/has+not + 过去分词。 例：I haven’t eaten breakfast yet. 2）already 用于肯定句，放在 have/has 之后；yet 多用于否定、疑问句句尾。 例：She has already left. / Have you eaten yet? 【典例】—______ you ______(tell) him the news yet?—Not yet. A. Have; told B. Has; told C. Did; tell 【答案】A 【解析】句意：— 你已经把消息告诉他了吗？— 还没有。考查现在完成时。yet 是现在完成时标志性词汇，结构为 have/has+done；主语 you 搭配助动词 have，tell 过去分词为 told。故选 A。 【即练 1】I ______ (not finish) my homework yet. 【答案】haven’t finished 【解析】句意：我还没有写完我的家庭作业。yet 是现在完成时否定句标志词，主语 I 搭配助动词 have，否定形式为 haven’t，finish 的过去分词是 finished。故填 haven’t finished。 【即练 2】She has ______ (already/yet) learnt to accept herself. 【答案】already 【解析】句意：她已经学会接纳自己了。本句是肯定陈述句，already 用于肯定句中，yet 只用在否定句和疑问句句末。故填 already。 7. I have already learnt that I am what I am.(P5) 我已经学会接纳本来的自己。 【详解】 1）现在完成时肯定：have/has+done，already 置于助动词之后。 例：We have already finished work. 2）learn 两种变形：learned/learnt 均为过去分词。 例：I have learnt English for 3 years. 3）what 引导表语从句，在从句中充当成分。 例：My hope is what you can stay. 【典例】My sister ______ already ______ (accept) her shortcomings. A. has; accepted B. have; accept C. is; accepting 【答案】A 【解析】句意：我的姐姐已经接纳了她的缺点。考查现在完成时。already 是现完标志词，主语 my sister 是三单，助动词选用 has，accept 过去分词是 accepted。故选 A。 【即练 1】We ______ (learn) lots from this story already. 【答案】have learnt/have learned 【解析】句意：我们已经从这个故事中学到很多。already 是现在完成时标志词，主语 we 搭配助动词 have，learn 的过去分词有 learnt 和 learned 两种形式。故填 have learnt/have learned。 【即练 2】______ (be) what you truly are is important. 【答案】Being 【解析】句意：做真实的自己很重要。动词原形不能在句首充当主语，需要变换为动名词形式作句子主语，be 的动名词是 being。故填 Being。 8. Everyone has something special and different - that is what's interesting.(P5) 每个人都有独特之处，这正是人生的乐趣所在。 【详解】 1）形容词修饰不定代词 something/nothing/anything，形容词后置。 例：I need something cheap. 2）everyone/nobody/nothing 等不定代词作主语，谓语动词用单数。 例：Nobody knows the secret. 【典例】There is ______ important in today’s newspaper. A. anything nothing B. nothing important C. important something 【答案】B 【解析】句意：今天的报纸上没有什么重要内容。考查不定代词和定语后置。形容词修饰不定代词时需要后置；nothing important 表示没什么重要的事，A、C 语序错误。故选 B。 【即练 1】I want ______ (anything/something) warm to drink.(肯定句) 【答案】something 【解析】句意：我想要喝点温热的饮品。本句为肯定陈述句，something 用于肯定句，anything 多用于否定和疑问句。故填 something。 【即练 2】Nobody ______ (be) perfect in the world. 【答案】is 【解析】句意：世上没有人是完美的。不定代词 nobody 作句子主语时，谓语动词要用单数形式，be 动词单数用 is。故填 is。 9. However, doubts and fears often hold us back.(P12) 然而，疑虑和恐惧常常阻碍我们前行。 【详解】 1）however 副词，表转折，前后常用逗号隔开；but 连词，直接连接两个分句，不加逗号。 例：It rained. However, we went out.=It rained but we went out. 2）doubt 可数名词，many 后接复数 doubts。 例：He has many doubts about the plan. 3）hold back 固定短语：阻碍、抑制。 【典例】He is very tired. ______, he keeps working hard. A. But B. However C. Because 【答案】B 【解析】句意：他很累，然而他仍然努力工作。考查转折连词辨析。空格后有逗号分隔，however 后加逗号，but 不能单独放句首且不加逗号，because 表原因不符合句意。故选 B。 【即练 1】He has many (doubt) about his plan.(复数) 【答案】doubts 【解析】句意：他对自己的计划抱有很多疑虑。many 后接可数名词的复数形式，doubt 为可数名词，复数变化直接加 s。故填 doubts。 【即练 2】(But/However), I still want to have a try. 【答案】However 【解析】句意：但是我仍然想要试一试。空格后有逗号隔开，however 放句首后接逗号，but 后面不能加逗号。故填 However。 10. Never let your age hold you back.(P13) 永远不要让年龄束缚你。 【详解】 1）let sb do sth：let 后接不带 to 的动词原形。 例：Let me help you. 2）hold sb back from doing sth：阻碍某人做某事，from 可省略。 例：Bad weather held us back from going hiking. 【典例】Don’t let fear hold you back ______ ______(try) your dream. A. to try B. from trying C. try 【答案】B 【解析】句意：别让恐惧阻碍你追寻梦想。考查固定搭配。hold sb back from doing sth 为固定短语，from 是介词，后面动词变为动名词。故选 B。 【即练 1】She tried hard to hold back ______(cry). 【答案】crying 【解析】句意：她努力忍住不哭。hold back (from) doing sth 是固定搭配，from 可以省略，后面动词使用动名词形式。故填 crying。 【即练 2】Nothing can hold us ______ going forward. 【答案】back 【解析】句意：没有什么能阻碍我们前进。固定词组 hold back 意为阻碍，是固定搭配。故填 back。 11. Nothing is impossible as long as you try and stick to it.(P13) 只要勇于尝试并坚持，万事皆有可能。 【详解】 1）nothing 作主语，谓语动词单数；im - 为否定前缀，possible→impossible。 例：Nothing is easy. 2）as long as 引导条件状语从句：只要。 例：You can pass as long as you study hard. 3）stick to 中 to 是介词，后接名词 /doing，不加动词原形。 例：I stick to getting up early. 【典例】He sticks to ______(practise) running every morning. A. practise B. practising C. to practise 【答案】B 【解析】句意：他坚持每天早上练习跑步。考查固定搭配。stick to 里的 to 是介词，介词后动词需要变为动名词形式。故选 B。 【即练 1】Nothing ______(be) difficult if you put your heart into it. 【答案】is 【解析】句意：世上无难事只怕有心人。不定代词 nothing 作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式，be 动词选用 is。故填 is。 【即练 2】I stick to ______(write) diaries every day. 【答案】writing 【解析】句意：我坚持每天写日记。stick to 后接动名词，to 是介词，因此 write 要变为动名词形式。故填 writing。 12. In 2015, he clocked 9.99 seconds and made history.(P13) 2015 年，他跑出 9 秒 99，创造历史。 【详解】 1）clock v.（体育）跑出…… 成绩，过去式 clocked。 例：He clocked 10 seconds in the race. 2）make history 创造历史；in + 过去年份，句子用一般过去时。 例：In 2008, China made sports history. 【典例】The player ______(clock) a new record last month. A. clock B. clocked C. clocks 【答案】B 【解析】句意：这名运动员上个月跑出了新纪录。考查一般过去时。last month 是过去时间标志，谓语动词要使用过去式。故选 B。 【即练 1】They ______(make) history in the sports meeting last year. 【答案】made 【解析】句意：去年他们在运动会上创造了历史。last year 为一般过去时时间标志，make 的过去式是 made。故填 made。 【即练 2】The athlete ______(clock) 11 seconds yesterday. 【答案】clocked 【解析】句意：这位运动员昨天跑出 11 秒。yesterday 是过去时间，动词 clock 需要使用过去式 clocked。故填 clocked。 13. Su fought his fears and became a sporting hero.(P13) 苏炳添战胜恐惧，成为体育英雄。 【详解】 1）fight-fought-fought 不规则变形；fight one’s fears 战胜恐惧，fight against 对抗。 例：We fight against difficulties every day. 2）and 连接并列谓语，前后时态保持一致。 例：He got up and washed his face. 【典例】She fought her shyness and ______(win) the speech game. A. win B. won C. wins 【答案】B 【解析】句意：她克服害羞赢得了演讲比赛。考查并列时态。and 连接并列谓语，前面 fought 是过去式，后面动词也需要使用过去式。故选 B。 【即练 1】We fought hard and ______(succeed) at last. 【答案】succeeded 【解析】句意：我们奋力拼搏最终取得成功。and 连接并列谓语，fought 为过去式，succeed 也要使用过去式 succeeded。故填 succeeded。 【即练 2】We should fight ______ our own weakness.(介词) 【答案】against 【解析】句意：我们应当战胜自身的弱点。固定搭配 fight against 表示对抗、战胜。故填 against。 14. He succeeded in ______ the 100-metre race in 2021.(P13) 2021 年他在百米比赛中取得成功。 【详解】 单词变形：succeed (v.)→success (n.)→successful (adj.)；固定搭配 succeed in doing sth 成功做某事。 例：He succeeded in passing the exam.=His success makes us happy.=He is successful. 【典例】He succeeded in ______(break) the school running record last term. A. break B. breaking C. to break 【答案】B 【解析】句意：上学期他成功打破了学校跑步纪录。考查固定搭配。succeed in doing sth 为固定用法，in 是介词，后接动名词。故选 B。 【即练 1】She is a ______ (succeed) runner. 【答案】successful 【解析】句意：她是一名成功的赛跑运动员。空格后是名词 runner，需要形容词作定语修饰名词，succeed 形容词形式是 successful。故填 successful。 【即练 2】His ______(succeed) makes us proud. 【答案】success 【解析】句意：他的成功令我们自豪。形容词性物主代词 his 后需要接名词，succeed 的名词形式是 success。故填 success。 15. I have got to know more about myself these years.(P16 演讲稿句型) 这些年来我越来越了解自己。 【详解】 1）have got to=have to：必须、不得不。 例：I have got to finish homework first. 2）these years/since + 过去时间，现在完成时标志；反身代词匹配主语。 例：You should believe yourself. 【典例】We ______ (get) to know each other since last term. A. have got B. got C. get 【答案】A 【解析】句意：自从上个学期起我们慢慢认识了彼此。考查现在完成时。since + 过去时间是现完标志性短语，结构 have/has+done。故选 A。 【即练 1】He ______(get) used to his new look already. 【答案】has got 【解析】句意：他已经习惯了自己的新样貌。already 是现在完成时标志词，主语 he 是三单，助动词用 has，get 过去分词为 got。故填 has got。 【即练 2】You should know ______(you) better. 【答案】yourself 【解析】句意：你应该更好地了解你自己。主语是 you，动作作用于自身需要使用对应反身代词 yourself。故填 yourself。 一、单词拼写 1. Everyone has some ______ (不同之处) from others. 【答案】differences 【解析】句意：每个人和其他人之间都存在一些不同之处。some 后可接可数名词复数，different 是形容词，名词形式为 difference，复数形式直接加 s 变为 differences。故填 differences。 2. Su Bingtian is a great ______ (运动员) in China. 【答案】athlete 【解析】句意：苏炳添是中国一名优秀的运动员。不定冠词 a 后面需要接单数可数名词，athlete 表示运动员。故填 athlete。 3. Don’t let fear h______ you back from your dream. 【答案】hold 【解析】句意：不要让恐惧阻碍你追逐梦想。固定短语 hold back 表示阻碍，let sb do sth，因此动词使用原形。故填 hold。 4. It’s i______ to finish the work in ten minutes alone. 【答案】impossible 【解析】句意：独自一人在十分钟内完成这项工作是不可能的。结合语境，十分钟独自完工无法实现，possible 表示可能的，加否定前缀 im 变为 impossible。故填 impossible。 5. She hurt ______ (她自己) when playing sports yesterday. 【答案】herself 【解析】句意：她昨天运动时伤到了自己。hurt oneself 为固定搭配，表示伤到自己，主语 she 对应的反身代词是 herself。故填 herself。 二、单项选择 1. I have ______ finished my homework, but my sister hasn’t finished ______. A. already; yet B. yet; already C. already; already 【答案】A 【解析】句意：我已经写完作业了，但是我的妹妹还没有完成。考查 already 与 yet 用法辨析。already 多用于肯定句；yet 多用于否定句句尾，前半句肯定用 already，后半句否定用 yet。故选 A。 2. He decided ______ running every day to keep healthy. A. practise B. to practise C. practising 【答案】B 【解析】句意：他决定每天跑步来保持健康。考查固定搭配。decide to do sth 是固定短语，意为决定做某事。故选 B。 3. With many friends ______ me, I solved the problem easily. A. help B. helping C. helps 【答案】B 【解析】句意：在许多朋友的帮助下，我轻松解决了问题。考查 with 复合结构。朋友和帮忙是主动关系，with + 宾语 + doing 表主动伴随。故选 B。 4. —Have you ______ been to Shanghai?—Never. A. ever B. never C. just 【答案】A 【解析】句意：— 你曾经去过上海吗？— 从来没有。考查副词辨析。ever 用于现在完成时疑问句，表示曾经；never 从不；just 刚刚，不符合语境。故选 A。 5. We enjoyed ______ at the self-introduction party last week. A. us B. ourselves C. our 【答案】B 【解析】句意：上周我们在自我介绍派对上玩得很开心。考查反身代词。enjoy oneself 是固定搭配，玩得开心，we 对应的反身代词是 ourselves。故选 B。 6. Nothing ______ difficult if you stick ______ your dream. A. is; to B. are; to C. is; / 【答案】A 【解析】句意：只要坚守梦想，没有什么事情是困难的。考查主谓一致和固定搭配。nothing 作主语谓语用单数 is；stick to 为固定词组，to 不可省略。故选 A。 7. I don’t feel like ______ out because it rains heavily. A. go B. going C. to go 【答案】B 【解析】句意：雨下得很大，我不想外出。考查固定短语。feel like doing sth 表示想要做某事，后面接动名词。故选 B。 8. He ______ in this city since 2020. A. lives B. has lived C. lived 【答案】B 【解析】句意：从 2020 年开始他就住在这座城市。考查现在完成时。since + 年份是现在完成时标志，结构 have/has+done。故选 B。 9. Instead of ______ TV, he reads books every evening. A. watch B. watching C. to watch 【答案】B 【解析】句意：他每晚不看电视，而是看书。考查介词搭配。instead of 是介词短语，后接动名词形式。故选 B。 10. She succeeded ______ passing the speech test. A. in B. to C. for 【答案】A 【解析】句意：她成功通过了演讲测试。考查固定搭配。succeed in doing sth 为固定用法，表示成功做成某事。故选 A。 三、用所给词适当形式填空 1. They ______ (learn) to accept their differences already. 【答案】have learnt/have learned 【解析】句意：他们已经学会接纳彼此的不同之处。already 是现在完成时标志性词汇，主语 they 搭配助动词 have，learn 过去分词为 learnt/learned。故填 have learnt/have learned。 2. With the wind ______ (blow), we put on our coats. 【答案】blowing 【解析】句意：风吹着，我们穿上了外套。wind 和 blow 是主动关系，with 复合结构中主动含义使用 doing 形式。故填 blowing。 3. My brother teaches ______ (he) English in his free time. 【答案】himself 【解析】句意：我的弟弟空闲时间自学英语。teach oneself 是固定搭配，自学，he 对应反身代词 himself。故填 himself。 4. It’s ______ (possible) to fly like birds for humans now. 【答案】impossible 【解析】句意：如今人类不可能像鸟儿一样飞翔。结合客观常识，人类无法像鸟类飞行，possible 加否定前缀 im 变为 impossible。故填 impossible。 5. He ______ (finish) his speech yesterday afternoon. 【答案】finished 【解析】句意：他昨天下午完成了他的演讲。yesterday afternoon 是过去时间，谓语动词使用过去式。故填 finished。 四、完成句子 1. 只要坚持，没有什么不可能。 Nothing is impossible ______ ______ you stick to it. 【答案】as long as 【解析】句中缺失关键词 “只要”，as long as 是固定连词短语，引导条件状语从句，含义为只要。故填 as long as。 2. 不要让困难阻碍你的成长。 Don’t let trouble ______ you ______. 【答案】hold; back 【解析】句中缺失关键词 “阻碍”，hold back 为固定短语，表示阻碍；let 后接动词原形，因此 hold 用原形。故填 hold; back。 3. 她没有看电视，而是出去散步了。 She went out for a walk ______ ______ watching TV. 【答案】instead of 【解析】句中缺失关键词 “而不是”，instead of 是介词短语，后接动名词，含义代替、而不是。故填 instead of。 4. 我已经学会接纳自己的缺点。 I ______ ______ to accept my shortcoming. 【答案】have learnt/learned 【解析】句中缺失关键词 “已经学会”，“已经” 提示时态为现在完成时，结构为 have + 过去分词；learn 过去分词是 learnt/learned，主语 I 搭配 have。故填 have learnt/learned。 5. 我们昨天玩得很开心。 We ______ ______ at the party yesterday. 【答案】enjoyed ourselves 【解析】句中缺失关键词 “玩得开心”，enjoy oneself 是固定短语；yesterday 为过去时间，动词变为过去式 enjoyed，we 对应反身代词 ourselves。故填 enjoyed ourselves。 五、阅读理解 Sally had a red birthmark on her face. She hated it very much and always kept her long hair to cover it. She felt upset when others looked at her secretly. One day, a new classmate Maddie sat beside her. Instead of avoiding looking at her face, Maddie said her birth was like a beautiful red rose. Later Maddie drew a red rose on her own face to cheer Sally up. From then on, Sally changed a lot. She has learnt everyone is special in their own ways and accepts her birthmark happily. Su Bingtian’s story also teaches her nothing is impossible as long as you stick to your dream. 1. Why did Sally keep long hair at first? A. She liked long hair. B. To cover her birthmark. C. Her parents asked her to do so. 2. What did Maddie think of Sally’s birthmark? A. Ugly. B. Like a red rose. C. Just a common mark. 3. What did Maddie do the next day? A. Cut her hair. B. Drew a red rose on her face. C. Helped Sally cut hair. 4. Which sentence is TRUE according to the passage? A. Sally still hates her birthmark now. B. Sally learns everyone is special. C. Su’s story makes Sally give up her dream. 5. What can we learn from the story? A. We should accept our own differences. B. We must change our looks. C. It’s easy to change others’ ideas. 【答案】 【小题 1】B 【小题 2】B 【小题 3】B 【小题 4】B 【小题 5】A 【导语】本文讲述萨莉因脸上胎记自卑，在好友玛迪的开导下，慢慢接纳自身与众不同之处的小故事。 【解析】【小题 1】原文语句 “She hated it very much and always kept her long hair to cover it.”，it 代指脸上的胎记，可知萨莉留长发是为了遮盖胎记。 【小题 2】原文 “Maddie said her birthmark was like a beautiful red rose.”，由此可知玛迪觉得萨莉的胎记像一朵红玫瑰。 【小题 3】根据文中 “Later Maddie painted a red rose on her own face to cheer Sally up.”，paint 与 draw 同义，玛迪在自己脸上画了红玫瑰。 【小题 4】原文 “She has learnt everyone is special in their own ways and accepts her birthmark happily.”，现在萨莉不再讨厌胎记，明白了每个人都有独特之处，A、C 选项内容与原文不符。 【小题 5】全文围绕萨莉从排斥胎记到接纳自身不同展开，文章主旨是我们要接纳自身的与众不同，B、C 表述不符合文章立意。 六、完形填空 Everyone has something different. I used 1. dislike my big nose. I felt bad when classmates talked about it. I wanted to change it, 2. I couldn’t. With my best friend’s help, I changed my mind little by little. She didn’t stay away from me 3. looking away. Instead, she told me my nose made me special. I have already 4. to accept myself these years. Nothing is impossible as long as I stick 5. being myself. （ ）1.A. to B. for C. of （ ）2.A. and B. but C. so （ ）3.A. instead B. instead of C. because （ ）4.A. learn B. learnt C. learning （ ）5.A. to B. in C. at 【答案】 【小题 1】A 【小题 2】B 【小题 3】B 【小题 4】B 【小题 5】A 【导语】作者从前嫌弃自己的大鼻子，在好朋友的开导下，慢慢学会接纳独一无二的自己，懂得坚守本心。 【解析】【小题 1】固定搭配 used to do sth 表示 “过去常常做某事”，为固定用法，for 和 of 不能搭配 used 构成该结构。 【小题 2】句意：我想要改变它，但是我做不到。前后分句存在转折逻辑，but 表转折；and 表并列，so 表结果，均不符合语境。 【小题 3】句意：她没有躲开我，也没有转移视线。instead of 后接动名词，符合空后 looking away 的形式；instead 是副词，because 引导从句，语法不匹配。 【小题 4】本句为现在完成时，结构是 have/has + 动词过去分词，learn 的过去分词是 learnt，learn 原形、learning 现在分词均不符合时态规则。 【小题 5】固定短语 stick to 意为 “坚持”，to 是介词，后接名词或动名词，in、at 无法和 stick 搭配表达该含义。 16 / 16 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $