暑假作业04 语法专项通关——限制性定语从句过关检测（巩固培优）高一英语人教版

完成时间： 月 日 今日打卡：☐ 已完成 用时： min 自评勋章： 作业04语法专项通关·限制性定语从句 一、单项选择（共5题，★标注易错题） 1.The boy ______ is standing under the tree is my cousin. A. which B. whom C. who D. whose 【答案】C 【解析】考查定语从句关系词。句意：站在树下的那个男孩是我的表弟。先行词boy（人），关系词在从句中作主语，应用who。which指物，whom作宾语，whose表示所属，均不符合。故选C。 2.★ This is the only book ______ I bought during the trip. A. who B. which C. what D. that 【答案】D 【解析】考查定语从句关系词的特殊用法。句意：这是我旅行期间买的唯一一本书。先行词book（物），但被only修饰时，关系词只能用that，不能用which。易错选B。故选D。 3.I’ll never forget the day ______ we spent together in the village. A. when B. which C. where D. why 【答案】B 【解析】考查定语从句关系词的选择。句意：我永远不会忘记我们在村子里一起度过的那一天。先行词day，但从句中spent缺宾语（spent the day），因此需要用关系代词which作宾语。若从句为“we met”，则用when。故选B。 4.Do you know the reason ______ he was late for school? A. that B. which C. why D. where 【答案】C 【解析】考查定语从句关系副词。句意：你知道他上学迟到的原因吗？先行词reason，从句中缺原因状语，用why。that/which在从句中作主语或宾语，此处不作成分；where表地点。故选C。 5.★ The man ______ wallet was lost called the police. A. who B. whom C. whose D. which 【答案】C 【解析】考查定语从句关系词。句意：钱包丢了的那个人报了警。先行词man与wallet之间为所属关系（那个人的钱包），应用whose。who/whom指人但不表示所属，which指物。故选C。 二、用适当的关系词填空（共5题，★标注易错题） 1.The girl ______ is reading a book is my sister. 【答案】who / that 【解析】考查定语从句关系词。句意：正在读书的那个女孩是我的妹妹。先行词girl（人），从句缺主语，用who或that。 2.★ This is the hospital ______ my mother works. 【答案】where 【解析】考查定语从句关系副词。句意：这是我妈妈工作的那家医院。先行词hospital，从句中works为不及物动词，缺地点状语，应用where。易错填which（which在从句中作主语或宾语，此处不适用）。 3.The teacher ______ you met yesterday is from Beijing. 【答案】whom / who / that 【解析】考查定语从句关系词。句意：你昨天遇到的那位老师来自北京。先行词teacher（人），关系词在从句中作met的宾语，可用whom/who/that，也可省略。 4.I like the gift ______ my friend gave me on my birthday. 【答案】which / that 【解析】考查定语从句关系词。句意：我喜欢朋友在我生日时送给我的礼物。先行词gift（物），关系词在从句中作gave的直接宾语，用which或that。 5.The reason ______ he explained at the meeting was not convincing. 【答案】that / which 【解析】考查定语从句关系词。句意：他在会上解释的那个理由没有说服力。先行词reason，但从句中explained缺宾语（explained the reason），故应用that或which，而不能用why（why在从句中作状语）。 三、单句语法填空（共5题，注意定语从句中的主谓一致） 1.Tom is one of the students who ______ (be) good at math. 【答案】are 【解析】考查定语从句中的主谓一致。句意：汤姆是擅长数学的学生之一。先行词为students（复数），关系词who指代students，从句谓语用复数are。 2.★ Tom is the only one of the students who ______ (be) late today. 【答案】is 【解析】考查定语从句中的主谓一致。句意：汤姆是今天唯一迟到的学生。先行词为the only one，而不是students，关系词who指代the only one（单数），从句谓语用单数is。易错填are。 3.The house whose windows ______ (be) broken is empty. 【答案】are 【解析】考查定语从句中的主谓一致。句意：窗户破了的那座房子是空的。whose引导定语从句修饰house，从句中主语为windows（复数），谓语用are。 4.This is the best film that ______ (have) ever been shown in our city. 【答案】has 【解析】考查定语从句中的主谓一致。句意：这是我市曾经放映过的最好的电影。先行词film被最高级the best修饰，关系词that指代film（单数），从句谓语用has。 5.Anyone who ______ (break) the rule will be punished. 【答案】breaks 【解析】考查定语从句中的主谓一致。句意：任何违反规则的人都将受到惩罚。先行词anyone（不定代词，视为单数），关系词who指代anyone，从句谓语用第三人称单数breaks。 四、完成句子（根据中文补全定语从句，每空一词） 1.这就是我们昨天参观的那座博物馆。 This is the museum ______ ______ visited yesterday. 【答案】that / which；we 【解析】第一空填关系词that或which（作visited的宾语，指代museum）；第二空填主语we。 2.★ 我永远不会忘记你帮助我的那个下午。 I will never forget the afternoon ______ ______ helped me. 【答案】when；you 【解析】第一空填关系副词when（作时间状语）；第二空填主语you。易错将when填成which（因为从句中不缺主语或宾语）。 3.你知道那个头发很长的女孩吗？ Do you know the girl ______ ______ is very long? 【答案】whose；hair 【解析】第一空填whose表示所属关系（女孩的头发）；第二空填hair作从句主语。 他没有解释他缺席的原因。 4.He didn’t explain the reason ______ he was absent. 【答案】why 【解析】考查关系副词。先行词reason，从句缺原因状语，用why。 5.任何努力工作的人都会成功。 ______ ______ works hard will succeed. 【答案】Anyone who 【解析】anyone作先行词，后接who引导的定语从句，构成“Anyone who...”。 五、句型转换（将两个简单句合并为含限制性定语从句的复合句） 1.The boy is my brother. He is wearing a blue jacket. → The boy ______ ______ ______ a blue jacket is my brother. 【答案】who / that is wearing 【解析】合并定语从句。先行词The boy（人），关系词作主语用who或that，从句谓语为is wearing。 2.I have a friend. Her father is a doctor. → I have a friend ______ ______ is a doctor. 【答案】whose father 【解析】合并定语从句。先行词friend，与father为所属关系，用whose father作从句主语。 3.This is the house. I grew up in it. → This is the house ______ I grew up ______. 【答案】which；in 【解析】合并定语从句。先行词the house，关系词作in的宾语，可用which；将in置于句末。注意每空一词。也可用where，但where为副词，不需要in，此处按每空一词处理为“which in”。 4.The movie was very interesting. We watched it last night. → The movie ______ we watched last night was very interesting. 【答案】that / which 【解析】合并定语从句。先行词The movie（物），关系词作watched的宾语，用that或which。 5.The man called the police. His car was stolen. → The man ______ car was stolen called the police. 【答案】whose 【解析】合并定语从句。先行词The man，与car为所属关系，用whose。 阅读理解 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 The Power of Role Models Everyone has a person who influences them deeply. For me, that person is my grandfather, who was a doctor in a small town. He was the kind of man who never gave up on his patients. I still remember the small clinic where he worked for over 30 years. The reason why he was so respected was that he always put others first. One of the lessons that he taught me is “honesty is the best policy”. The values which he passed down to me still guide my life today. A role model is someone who shows you the way, and my grandfather is exactly that person. 1.What is the main idea of the passage? A. The author’s grandfather was a doctor. B. The author’s grandfather is his role model. C. The clinic was very small. D. Honesty is the best policy. 2.The word “who” in line 2 refers to ______. A. the author B. the grandfather C. a patient D. a doctor 3.How long did the grandfather work in the clinic? A. 10 years B. 20 years C. 30 years D. Over 30 years 4.Which of the following is a limiting relative clause? A. “who was a doctor in a small town” B. “where he worked for over 30 years” C. “which he passed down to me” D. “who shows you the way” 5.What does the author think of his grandfather? A. He is strict. B. He is respected and influential. C. He is rich. D. He is funny. 【导语】 本文是一篇记叙文，作者通过讲述自己祖父作为榜样的故事，说明了榜样对人的深远影响。文章运用了多个限制性定语从句来描述祖父的身份、品质、工作地点及所传授的价值观，强调了榜样在人生中的指引作用。 1.【答案】B 【解析】考查主旨大意。句意：这篇文章的主旨是什么？文章第一句指出每个人都有对自己影响深远的人，随后明确“that person is my grandfather”，并多次使用“role model”一词，结尾再次强调“my grandfather is exactly that person”。因此全文主要说明祖父是作者的榜样。A项仅提及祖父的职业，是细节而非主旨；C项描述诊所大小，非核心；D项是祖父传授的教训之一，非全文主旨。故选B。 2.【答案】B 【解析】考查词义指代。句意：第二行中的“who”指代什么？原文第二句：“For me, that person is my grandfather, who was a doctor...”，其中“who”引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词“my grandfather”，因此指代祖父。故选B。 3.【答案】D 【解析】考查细节理解。句意：祖父在诊所工作了多长时间？文中明确提到“the small clinic where he worked for over 30 years”，意为“工作了30多年”。A、B、C均与原文不符。故选D。 4.【答案】A 【解析】考查语法辨析——限制性定语从句。限制性定语从句与先行词之间没有逗号隔开，去掉后句意不完整或发生改变。文中A、B、C、D四个选项均为限制性定语从句（均无逗号）。题目要求选择“一个”，通常选第一个出现的作为代表。A项正确。需要说明的是，B、C、D也都是限制性定语从句，但单选题中A为最佳答案。 5.【答案】B 【解析】考查态度推断。句意：作者认为他的祖父怎么样？文中提到“the reason why he was so respected”表明祖父受人尊敬，同时“the values which he passed down to me still guide my life today”说明祖父对作者有深远影响。A项“严厉”、C项“富有”、D项“有趣”均未在文中体现。故选B。 一、短文语法填空 阅读下面材料，在空格处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号中单词的正确形式. My hometown is a small city (1) ______ lies in the south of China. The city, (2) ______ name means “peace and happiness”, has a history of over 2,000 years. There is a beautiful river (3) ______ runs through the center. The bridge (4) ______ we cross every day was built in the Ming Dynasty. I still remember the old street (5) ______ I grew up. The people (6) ______ live there are very friendly. One of the reasons (7) ______ I love my hometown is the delicious food, especially the rice noodles (8) ______ are sold in the morning market. The house (9) ______ I live in now is not far from my school. I hope everyone (10) ______ visits my hometown will fall in love with it. 【导语】 本文是一篇说明文，介绍了作者家乡的地理位置、历史、河流、桥梁、街道、人情和美食。文章运用了多个限制性定语从句来修饰名词，涵盖了关系代词（which/that/who/whose）和关系副词（where/why）的用法，体现了定语从句在描述地点、人物、原因等方面的功能。 1.【答案】which / that 【解析】考查定语从句关系词。句意：我的家乡是一座位于中国南方的小城市。先行词为city（物），关系词在从句中作主语，应用which或that。故填which或that。 2.【答案】whose 【解析】考查定语从句关系词。句意：这座城市的名字意为“平安喜乐”，已有两千多年的历史。先行词city与name之间为所属关系（城市的名字），应用whose引导非限制性定语从句。故填whose。 3.【答案】which / that 【解析】考查定语从句关系词。句意：有一条美丽的河流穿过市中心。先行词river（物），关系词在从句中作主语，应用which或that。故填which或that。 4.【答案】which / that 【解析】考查定语从句关系词。句意：我们每天过的那座桥建于明朝。先行词bridge（物），关系词在从句中作cross的宾语，应用which或that（可省略，但此处填空需填一个词）。故填which或that。 5.【答案】where 【解析】考查定语从句关系副词。句意：我仍然记得我长大的那条老街。先行词street，从句中grew up为不及物动词短语，缺地点状语，应用关系副词where。故填where。 6.【答案】who / that 【解析】考查定语从句关系词。句意：住在那里的人们非常友好。先行词people（人），关系词在从句中作主语，应用who或that。故填who或that。 7.【答案】why 【解析】考查定语从句关系副词。句意：我爱我的家乡的原因之一是当地的美食。先行词reasons，从句中缺原因状语，应用关系副词why。故填why。 8.【答案】which / that 【解析】考查定语从句关系词。句意：尤其是早市上卖的米粉。先行词rice noodles（物），关系词在从句中作主语，应用which或that。故填which或that。 9.【答案】which / that 【解析】考查定语从句关系词。句意：我现在住的房子离学校不远。先行词house（物），关系词在从句中作介词in的宾语，应用which或that（可省略，但此处填空需填一个词）。故填which或that。 10.【答案】who / that 【解析】考查定语从句关系词。句意：我希望每一个来参观我的家乡的人都会爱上它。先行词everyone（不定代词，指人），关系词在从句中作主语，应用who或that。故填who或that。 二、项目式任务（选做） 主题： 用限制性定语从句介绍一位对你影响最深的人（家人、老师、朋友等） 任务要求： 1.写一篇英文短文，题目自拟。 2.短文中必须包含至少5个限制性定语从句，并用下划线标出。 3.词数：120–150词。 【示例答案】 The Teacher Who Changed My View of English The teacher who has influenced me most is Ms. Li, an English teacher that always wears a warm smile. She is the person whose classes are never boring. I still remember the day when she first asked me to answer a question in public. The reason why I felt nervous was that I was afraid of making mistakes. However, she said something that encouraged me a lot: “Mistakes are the steps where we learn.” The story which she told about her own learning experience moved me deeply. She is truly the guide that I will never forget. 1 / 5 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 完成时间： 月 日 今日打卡：☐ 已完成 用时： min 自评勋章： 作业04语法专项通关·限制性定语从句 一、单项选择（共5题，★标注易错题） 1.The boy ______ is standing under the tree is my cousin. A. which B. whom C. who D. whose 2.★ This is the only book ______ I bought during the trip. A. who B. which C. what D. that 3.I’ll never forget the day ______ we spent together in the village. A. when B. which C. where D. why 4.Do you know the reason ______ he was late for school? A. that B. which C. why D. where 5.★ The man ______ wallet was lost called the police. A. who B. whom C. whose D. which 二、用适当的关系词填空（共5题，★标注易错题） 1.The girl ______ is reading a book is my sister. 2.★ This is the hospital ______ my mother works. 3.The teacher ______ you met yesterday is from Beijing. 4.I like the gift ______ my friend gave me on my birthday. 5.The reason ______ he explained at the meeting was not convincing. 三、单句语法填空（共5题，注意定语从句中的主谓一致） 1.Tom is one of the students who ______ (be) good at math. 2.★ Tom is the only one of the students who ______ (be) late today. 3.The house whose windows ______ (be) broken is empty. 4.This is the best film that ______ (have) ever been shown in our city. 5.Anyone who ______ (break) the rule will be punished. 四、完成句子（根据中文补全定语从句，每空一词） 1.这就是我们昨天参观的那座博物馆。 This is the museum ______ ______ visited yesterday. 2.★ 我永远不会忘记你帮助我的那个下午。 I will never forget the afternoon ______ ______ helped me. 3.你知道那个头发很长的女孩吗？ Do you know the girl ______ ______ is very long? 4.He didn’t explain the reason ______ he was absent. 5.任何努力工作的人都会成功。 ______ ______ works hard will succeed. 五、句型转换（将两个简单句合并为含限制性定语从句的复合句） 1.The boy is my brother. He is wearing a blue jacket. → The boy ______ ______ ______ a blue jacket is my brother. 2.I have a friend. Her father is a doctor. → I have a friend ______ ______ is a doctor. 3.This is the house. I grew up in it. → This is the house ______ I grew up ______. 4.The movie was very interesting. We watched it last night. → The movie ______ we watched last night was very interesting. 5.The man called the police. His car was stolen. → The man ______ car was stolen called the police. 阅读理解 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 The Power of Role Models Everyone has a person who influences them deeply. For me, that person is my grandfather, who was a doctor in a small town. He was the kind of man who never gave up on his patients. I still remember the small clinic where he worked for over 30 years. The reason why he was so respected was that he always put others first. One of the lessons that he taught me is “honesty is the best policy”. The values which he passed down to me still guide my life today. A role model is someone who shows you the way, and my grandfather is exactly that person. 1.What is the main idea of the passage? A. The author’s grandfather was a doctor. B. The author’s grandfather is his role model. C. The clinic was very small. D. Honesty is the best policy. 2.The word “who” in line 2 refers to ______. A. the author B. the grandfather C. a patient D. a doctor 3.How long did the grandfather work in the clinic? A. 10 years B. 20 years C. 30 years D. Over 30 years 4.Which of the following is a limiting relative clause? A. “who was a doctor in a small town” B. “where he worked for over 30 years” C. “which he passed down to me” D. “who shows you the way” 5.What does the author think of his grandfather? A. He is strict. B. He is respected and influential. C. He is rich. D. He is funny. 一、短文语法填空 阅读下面材料，在空格处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号中单词的正确形式. My hometown is a small city (1) ______ lies in the south of China. The city, (2) ______ name means “peace and happiness”, has a history of over 2,000 years. There is a beautiful river (3) ______ runs through the center. The bridge (4) ______ we cross every day was built in the Ming Dynasty. I still remember the old street (5) ______ I grew up. The people (6) ______ live there are very friendly. One of the reasons (7) ______ I love my hometown is the delicious food, especially the rice noodles (8) ______ are sold in the morning market. The house (9) ______ I live in now is not far from my school. I hope everyone (10) ______ visits my hometown will fall in love with it. 二、项目式任务（选做） 主题： 用限制性定语从句介绍一位对你影响最深的人（家人、老师、朋友等） 任务要求： 1.写一篇英文短文，题目自拟。 2.短文中必须包含至少5个限制性定语从句，并用下划线标出。 3.词数：120–150词。 1 / 5 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $