暑假作业07 语法专项通关——情态动词&附加疑问句（巩固培优）高一英语人教版

**基本信息** 聚焦情态动词与附加疑问句，通过多题型梯度训练实现从基础到语用的能力提升，培养语言运用与逻辑思维。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|题型特征|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |单项选择|5题（含2★易错题）|考查情态动词基本用法与推测（must/needn’t）、附加疑问句构成|从基础辨析到语境推测，覆盖核心考点| |填空/单句语法填空|10题|情态动词辨析（can/may）、反义疑问词选择|强化语法规则应用，衔接词形变化| |完成句子/句型转换|11题|汉译英补全、句式改写（肯定/否定推测转换）|实现语法知识向语言表达转化| |阅读理解/短文语法填空|15题（5阅读+10填空）|语篇中语法应用，结合上下文判断情态动词|体现语法在真实语境中的运用逻辑| |项目式任务|1项|写作中融合5种语法结构，下划线标注|从输入到输出，提升综合语言运用能力|

完成时间： 月 日 今日打卡：☐ 已完成 用时： min 自评勋章： 作业07语法专项通关·情态动词&附加疑问句 一、单项选择（共5题，★标注易错题） 1. — ______ I hand in the report today? — No, you ______. You can give it to me tomorrow. A. Must; mustn’t B. May; needn’t C. Must; needn’t D. May; mustn’t 【答案】C 【解析】考查情态动词。句意：——我必须今天交报告吗？——不，你不必。你可以明天给我。must提问时，否定回答用needn’t或don’t have to，表示“不必”。mustn’t表示“禁止”，不符合语境。故选C。 2. ★ He ______ be at home because the light in his room is on. A. can B. must C. would D. need 【答案】B 【解析】考查情态动词表推测。句意：他一定在家，因为他房间的灯亮着。根据“灯亮着”可知，这是非常肯定的推测，用must。can表示可能但不肯定。易错选A。故选B。 3. — You look tired. You ______ have stayed up late last night. — Yes, I prepared for the exam. A. can B. must C. would D. should 【答案】B 【解析】考查“情态动词+have done”表推测。句意：你看起来很累。昨晚你一定熬夜了。对过去肯定的推测用must have done。故选B。 4. Let’s go to the cinema, ______? A. will you B. shall we C. don’t we D. aren’t we 【答案】B 【解析】考查附加疑问句。句意：我们去看电影吧，好吗？let’s开头的祈使句，附加部分用shall we。注意let us（不包括听话人）则用will you。故选B。 5. ★ She seldom goes to the supermarket, ______? A. does she B. doesn’t she C. is she D. isn’t she 【答案】A 【解析】考查附加疑问句。句意：她很少去超市，是吗？seldom为半否定词，陈述部分视为否定，附加部分用肯定形式。且实义动词goes为一般现在时第三人称，助动词用does。易错选B。故选A。 二、用适当的情态动词或助动词填空（（共5题，★标注易错题） 1. You ______ (must / need) finish your homework before you watch TV. 【答案】must 【解析】考查情态动词。句意：你必须在看电视前完成作业。表示主观义务，用must。 2. ★ He ______ (can / may) swim when he was five years old. 【答案】could 【解析】考查can的过去式。句意：他五岁时就会游泳。表示过去的能力，用could。易错填can。 3. You ______ (mustn’t / needn’t) smoke here. It’s a non-smoking area. 【答案】mustn’t 【解析】考查情态动词。句意：你禁止在这里吸烟。这是禁烟区。mustn’t表示禁止。 4. There is little milk left in the fridge, ______ (is there / isn’t there)? 【答案】is there 【解析】考查附加疑问句。句意：冰箱里几乎没有牛奶了，是吗？little为半否定词，陈述部分否定，附加部分用肯定。 5. Everyone passed the exam, ______ (didn’t they / didn’t he)? 【答案】didn’t they 【解析】考查附加疑问句。句意：每个人都通过了考试，是吗？主语everyone在口语中常用they代替。三、单句语法填空（共5题，注意情态动词和附加疑问句形式） 1.You ______ (ought) to see a doctor if your headache continues. 【答案】ought 【解析】考查情态动词ought to的用法。句意：如果你的头痛持续，你应该去看医生。ought to意为“应该”，表示建议或义务，后接动词原形，故填ought。 2. I missed the bus this morning. I ______ (should) have got up earlier. 【答案】should 【解析】考查“情态动词+have done”的虚拟用法。句意：我今天早上错过了公交车。我本应该更早起床的。“should have done”表示过去本应该做某事但实际未做，含有后悔或责备之意。 3. Let us have a rest, ______ (will) you? 【答案】will 【解析】考查附加疑问句的特殊情况。句意：让我们休息一下，好吗？当let us意为“允许我们”（不包括听话人）时，附加疑问句用will you。若为let's（包括听话人），则用shall we。 4. Nothing is wrong with the computer, ______ (is) it? 【答案】is 【解析】考查附加疑问句中的否定词处理。句意：这台电脑没有毛病，是吗？陈述部分含有否定词nothing，视为否定句，附加疑问部分用肯定形式，且主语用it指代nothing。 5. He needn’t come to the party, ______ (need) he? 【答案】need 【解析】考查情态动词need的附加疑问句。句意：他不必来参加聚会，是吗？need在此处作情态动词（否定式needn’t），附加疑问部分直接使用need，与前面needn’t对应，构成前否后肯。 四、完成句子（根据中文补全句子，每空一词） 1.你不可能已经完成了所有作业。这太难了。 You ______ ______ have finished all the homework. It’s too difficult. 【答案】can’t 【解析】考查情态动词表否定推测。句意：你不可能已经完成了所有作业。这太难了。“can’t have done”表示对过去动作的否定推测，意为“不可能做了某事”，语气强烈。故填can’t。 2. 明天可能会下雨，你最好带上伞。 It ______ ______ tomorrow. You’d better take an umbrella. 【答案】may rain 【解析】考查情态动词表可能性。句意：明天可能会下雨，你最好带上伞。“may”表示可能性，意为“也许，可能”，后接动词原形rain。故填may rain。 3. 他过去常常在晚饭后散步，是吗？ He used to take a walk after dinner, ______ ______? 【答案】didn’t he / usedn’t he 【解析】考查附加疑问句（used to结构）。句意：他过去常常在晚饭后散步，是吗？陈述部分有“used to”，附加疑问部分可用“didn’t + 主语”或“usedn’t + 主语”。主语为he，故填didn’t he或usedn’t he。 4. 没有人喜欢被嘲笑，对吗？ Nobody likes being laughed at, ______ ______? 【答案】do they 【解析】考查附加疑问句（不定代词nobody）。句意：没有人喜欢被嘲笑，对吗？nobody为否定不定代词，陈述部分视为否定，附加部分用肯定形式。主语用they（口语常用）替代nobody，助动词用do。故填do they。 5. 我们不应该在公共场所大声喧哗。 We ______ ______ shout loudly in public places. 【答案】should not 【解析】考查情态动词表示建议或义务。句意：我们不应该在公共场所大声喧哗。“should not”意为“不应该”，表示劝告或建议。故填should not。 五、句型转换（按要求改写句子，每空一词） 1.It is necessary for you to finish the work today.（改为含有情态动词的句子） → You ______ ______ the work today. 【答案】must finish 【解析】考查情态动词表示必要性。句意：今天你必须完成这项工作。原句“It is necessary for you to...”表示“你有必要做……”，转换为含有情态动词的句子时，用must表示“必须”，后接动词原形。故填must finish。 2. He can’t be at home because I saw him in the library just now.（改为肯定推测） → He ______ ______ at home because I saw him in the library just now. 【答案】must be 【解析】考查情态动词表肯定推测。句意：他一定在家，因为我刚才在图书馆看见他了。原句“He can’t be at home”表示否定推测，改为肯定推测时，根据语境“我看见他在图书馆”可知他一定在图书馆，故用must be表示非常肯定的推测。注意原句后半部分“because I saw him in the library”暗示他不在家而在图书馆，因此改为肯定推测应为“He must be in the library”，但题目保留“at home”不合理。按题目要求直接转换，可理解为“他一定在家”与事实矛盾，但作为语法练习，结构上改为must be。故填must be。 3. Let’s go shopping this afternoon.（完成附加疑问句） → Let’s go shopping this afternoon, ______ ______? 【答案】shall we 【解析】考查附加疑问句。句意：我们今天下午去购物吧，好吗？Let’s开头的祈使句表示包括听话人在内的建议，附加疑问部分用shall we。故填shall we。 4. She has few friends in this city.（完成附加疑问句） → She has few friends in this city, ______ ______? 【答案】does she 【解析】考查附加疑问句中的半否定词。句意：她在这个城市几乎没有朋友，是吗？few为半否定词，陈述部分视为否定，附加部分用肯定形式。主语She为第三人称单数，实义动词has（有），助动词用does。故填does she。 5. You needn’t water the flowers because it’s going to rain.（改为肯定句） → You ______ ______ water the flowers because it’s going to rain. 【答案】need to 【解析】考查情态动词need与实义动词need的转换。句意：因为要下雨了，你需要给花浇水。原句“You needn’t water”意为“你不必浇水”，改为肯定句时，needn’t变为need to（实义动词），表示“需要”。注意：need作情态动词时无肯定形式（肯定句中常用must/have to），故用实义动词need to。故填need to。或填must water（表示“必须浇水”），但语气较强。此处采用更贴近原意的need to。 6. He must be tired after work.（改为否定推测） → He ______ ______ tired after work. 【答案】can’t be 【解析】考查情态动词表否定推测。句意：他下班后不可能很累。原句“He must be tired”表示肯定推测（一定很累），改为否定推测时，用can’t be表示“不可能”，语气强烈。注意mustn’t表示“禁止”，不能用于推测。故填can’t be。 阅读理解 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Smart Decision Tom is a high school student. He often stays up late to play computer games. His mother said, “You must go to bed before 10:30 from tonight.” Tom thought, “I really should change my habit.” But last night, he couldn’t fall asleep early. “May I play games for a while?” he asked himself. “No, you needn’t do that,” he answered. He decided to read a book instead. The next morning, he felt energetic. “I should have done this earlier,” he smiled. There is nothing more important than health, is there? Tom’s friend, Jack, seldom stays up late, does he? Actually, Jack always goes to bed early. They both believe that a good rest can help them study better. 1. What did Tom’s mother ask him to do? A. To play computer games. B. To go to bed before 10:30. C. To read a book.      D. To stay up late. 2. The underlined sentence “I should have done this earlier” suggests that Tom ______. A. regrets not changing earlier B. is happy with his habit C. will continue staying up   D. dislikes reading 3. Which of the following is a correct tag question according to the passage? A. There is nothing more important than health, isn’t there? B. Jack seldom stays up late, does he? C. Tom must go to bed early, mustn’t he? D. He felt energetic, didn’t he? 4. From the passage, we can infer that Tom ______. A. will not change his habit B. may try to sleep early C. hates his mother’s order  D. has already changed 5. The word “needn’t” in the passage means ______. A. must B. don’t have to C. shouldn’t D. can’t 【导语】 本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了高中生Tom在妈妈的提醒下决定改变熬夜玩游戏的习惯。文中运用了情态动词（must, should, may, needn’t, can）以及附加疑问句（is there, does he等），帮助学生在语境中掌握情态动词表义务、推测、建议以及附加疑问句的用法。 1.【答案】B 【解析】考查细节理解。句意：汤姆的妈妈要求他做什么？根据文中妈妈说的话“You must go to bed before 10:30 from tonight.”可知，她要求汤姆十点半之前睡觉。故选B。 2. 【答案】A 【解析】考查推理判断。句意：划线句子“I should have done this earlier”暗示汤姆______。“should have done”表示过去本应该做而没做，含有后悔、遗憾之意，说明汤姆后悔没有早点改变熬夜的习惯。故选A。 3.【答案】B 【解析】考查附加疑问句。句意：根据短文，下列哪个附加疑问句是正确的？短文中明确出现了“Tom’s friend, Jack, seldom stays up late, does he?”，其中seldom为半否定词，陈述部分否定，附加部分用肯定does he，形式正确。A项nothing是否定词，附加部分应用is there而非isn’t there；C项must表示“必须”，附加疑问常用needn’t，但mustn’t表示“禁止”，不符合；D项陈述部分He felt energetic为肯定，附加部分应用didn’t he，但文中未出现该句。故选B。 4. 【答案】B 【解析】考查推理判断。句意：从短文中我们可以推断汤姆______。汤姆意识到应该改变习惯，并尝试用读书代替玩游戏，第二天感到精力充沛，说明他可能会尝试早睡。A项“不会改变”与文意相反；C项“讨厌妈妈的命令”没有依据；D项“已经改变”过于绝对，文中只说“should have done”表示后悔和开始行动，但未明确已经彻底改变。故选B。 5.【答案】B 【解析】考查词义猜测。句意：文中“needn’t”一词的意思是______。根据上下文，汤姆问自己“May I play games?”，自己回答“No, you needn’t do that.”，意为“你不必那样做”，needn’t表示“不必”，相当于don’t have to。must意为“必须”；shouldn’t意为“不应该”；can’t意为“不可能”。故选B。 一、短文语法填空 阅读下面材料，在空格处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号中单词的正确形式. Dear students, You 1. ______ (must / can) follow the school rules. First, you 2. ______ (should / may) arrive at school on time. You 3. ______ (needn’t / mustn’t) run in the hallways because it’s dangerous. Second, you 4. ______ (may / must) ask teachers for help if you have problems. Third, everyone 5. ______ (ought) to respect others. There is no doubt about it, 6. ______ (is) there? You 7. ______ (should / can) have finished your homework yesterday, but some didn’t. That’s not good. Let’s work together to make our school better, 8. ______ (shall) we? Nothing is impossible for a willing heart, 9. ______ (is) it? I believe you all 10. ______ (can) achieve your dreams if you try your best. 【导语】 本文是一篇对学生提出建议的短文，综合运用了情态动词表示义务、建议、禁止、推测以及附加疑问句。旨在帮助学生在实际语境中掌握情态动词和附加疑问句的用法。 1.【答案】must 【解析】考查情态动词。句意：你们必须遵守校规。表示强制义务，用must。 2.【答案】should 【解析】考查情态动词。句意：你们应该按时到校。表示建议，用should。 3.【答案】mustn’t 【解析】考查情态动词。句意：你们禁止在走廊里跑，因为危险。表示禁止，用mustn’t。 4.【答案】may 【解析】考查情态动词。句意：如果你们有问题，可以请老师帮助。表示允许，用may。 5.【答案】ought 【解析】考查情态动词。ought to表示“应该”，固定搭配。 6.【答案】is 【解析】考查附加疑问句。句意：毫无疑问，是吗？There is no doubt，陈述部分有no（否定），附加部分用肯定is there。 7.【答案】should 【解析】考查情态动词+have done。句意：你们昨天本应该完成作业，但有些人没有。should have done表示本应做而未做。 8.【答案】shall 【解析】考查附加疑问句。句意：让我们一起努力让学校变得更好，好吗？let’s开头的祈使句，附加疑问用shall we。 9.【答案】is 【解析】考查附加疑问句。句意：对于一颗愿意的心来说，没有什么是做不到的，是吗？nothing为否定词，附加用肯定is it。 10.【答案】can 【解析】考查情态动词。句意：我相信如果你们尽力，你们能够实现梦想。表示能力，用can。 二、项目式任务（选做） 主题： 用所学的情态动词（如can, could, may, might, must, should, need等）以及附加疑问句，写一篇短文，描述你对学校规则的建议或你的一次决定。 任务要求： 1. 写一篇英文短文，题目自拟。 2. 短文中必须包含至少5个本作业所学的语法结构（情态动词或附加疑问句），并用下划线标出。 3. 词数：120–150词。 【示例答案】 School Rules We Should Follow In our school, we must arrive on time every day. We should listen to teachers carefully in class and ought to finish our homework independently. Must we wear school uniforms? Yes, we must. We mustn’t use phones during lessons, must we? Everyone should keep the classroom clean, shouldn’t they? You needn’t run in the hallways, because it’s dangerous. There is no rule without a reason, is there? I can study better when I follow these rules. Sometimes I may feel tired, but I might ask the teacher for help. Let’s work together, shall we? I believe a good environment can help us all succeed, can’t it? 1 / 5 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 完成时间： 月 日 今日打卡：☐ 已完成 用时： min 自评勋章： 作业07语法专项通关·情态动词&附加疑问句 一、单项选择（共5题，★标注易错题） 1. — ______ I hand in the report today? — No, you ______. You can give it to me tomorrow. A. Must; mustn’t B. May; needn’t C. Must; needn’t D. May; mustn’t 2. ★ He ______ be at home because the light in his room is on. A. can B. must C. would D. need 3. — You look tired. You ______ have stayed up late last night. — Yes, I prepared for the exam. A. can B. must C. would D. should 4. Let’s go to the cinema, ______? A. will you B. shall we C. don’t we D. aren’t we 5. ★ She seldom goes to the supermarket, ______? A. does she B. doesn’t she C. is she D. isn’t she 二、用适当的情态动词或助动词填空（（共5题，★标注易错题） 1. You ______ (must / need) finish your homework before you watch TV. 2. ★ He ______ (can / may) swim when he was five years old. 3. You ______ (mustn’t / needn’t) smoke here. It’s a non-smoking area. 4. There is little milk left in the fridge, ______ (is there / isn’t there)? 5. Everyone passed the exam, ______ (didn’t they / didn’t he)? 三、单句语法填空（共5题，注意情态动词和附加疑问句形式） 1.You ______ (ought) to see a doctor if your headache continues. 2. I missed the bus this morning. I ______ (should) have got up earlier. 3. Let us have a rest, ______ (will) you? 4. Nothing is wrong with the computer, ______ (is) it? 5. He needn’t come to the party, ______ (need) he? 四、完成句子（根据中文补全句子，每空一词） 1.你不可能已经完成了所有作业。这太难了。 You ______ ______ have finished all the homework. It’s too difficult. 2. 明天可能会下雨，你最好带上伞。 It ______ ______ tomorrow. You’d better take an umbrella. 3. 他过去常常在晚饭后散步，是吗？ He used to take a walk after dinner, ______ ______? 4. 没有人喜欢被嘲笑，对吗？ Nobody likes being laughed at, ______ ______? 5. 我们不应该在公共场所大声喧哗。 We ______ ______ shout loudly in public places. 五、句型转换（按要求改写句子，每空一词） 1.It is necessary for you to finish the work today.（改为含有情态动词的句子） → You ______ ______ the work today. 2. He can’t be at home because I saw him in the library just now.（改为肯定推测） → He ______ ______ at home because I saw him in the library just now. 3. Let’s go shopping this afternoon.（完成附加疑问句） → Let’s go shopping this afternoon, ______ ______? 4. She has few friends in this city.（完成附加疑问句） → She has few friends in this city, ______ ______? 5. You needn’t water the flowers because it’s going to rain.（改为肯定句） → You ______ ______ water the flowers because it’s going to rain. 6. He must be tired after work.（改为否定推测） → He ______ ______ tired after work. 阅读理解 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Smart Decision Tom is a high school student. He often stays up late to play computer games. His mother said, “You must go to bed before 10:30 from tonight.” Tom thought, “I really should change my habit.” But last night, he couldn’t fall asleep early. “May I play games for a while?” he asked himself. “No, you needn’t do that,” he answered. He decided to read a book instead. The next morning, he felt energetic. “I should have done this earlier,” he smiled. There is nothing more important than health, is there? Tom’s friend, Jack, seldom stays up late, does he? Actually, Jack always goes to bed early. They both believe that a good rest can help them study better. 1. What did Tom’s mother ask him to do? A. To play computer games. B. To go to bed before 10:30. C. To read a book.      D. To stay up late. 2. The underlined sentence “I should have done this earlier” suggests that Tom ______. A. regrets not changing earlier B. is happy with his habit C. will continue staying up   D. dislikes reading 3. Which of the following is a correct tag question according to the passage? A. There is nothing more important than health, isn’t there? B. Jack seldom stays up late, does he? C. Tom must go to bed early, mustn’t he? D. He felt energetic, didn’t he? 4. From the passage, we can infer that Tom ______. A. will not change his habit B. may try to sleep early C. hates his mother’s order  D. has already changed 5. The word “needn’t” in the passage means ______. A. must B. don’t have to C. shouldn’t D. can’t 一、短文语法填空 阅读下面材料，在空格处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号中单词的正确形式. Dear students, You 1. ______ (must / can) follow the school rules. First, you 2. ______ (should / may) arrive at school on time. You 3. ______ (needn’t / mustn’t) run in the hallways because it’s dangerous. Second, you 4. ______ (may / must) ask teachers for help if you have problems. Third, everyone 5. ______ (ought) to respect others. There is no doubt about it, 6. ______ (is) there? You 7. ______ (should / can) have finished your homework yesterday, but some didn’t. That’s not good. Let’s work together to make our school better, 8. ______ (shall) we? Nothing is impossible for a willing heart, 9. ______ (is) it? I believe you all 10. ______ (can) achieve your dreams if you try your best. 二、项目式任务（选做） 主题： 用所学的情态动词（如can, could, may, might, must, should, need等）以及附加疑问句，写一篇短文，描述你对学校规则的建议或你的一次决定。 任务要求： 1. 写一篇英文短文，题目自拟。 2. 短文中必须包含至少5个本作业所学的语法结构（情态动词或附加疑问句），并用下划线标出。 3. 词数：120–150词。 1 / 5 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $