暑假作业13 完形填空解题技巧专项训练（巩固培优）高二英语通用版

**基本信息** 以“定义-技巧-词汇-规则”为逻辑链，系统构建完形填空解题方法体系，融合语境语义等六大技巧与高频词汇短语，提升语篇理解与逻辑推理能力。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|方法提炼|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |解题技巧|6大核心技巧|语境语义法（核心）、逻辑关系法（高频）等分层技巧|从基础理解到高阶推理，形成“语义-逻辑-词汇”三维解题路径| |高频词汇|4类核心单词|情感态度、动作行为等分类记忆，突出易混词辨析|按考查频率与功能分类，强化词汇在语篇中的精准运用| |黄金规则|4项解题准则|情感优先、逻辑为王等实战规则|提炼解题共性规律，指导快速排除干扰选项| |典例训练|多篇完形填空|结合技巧与词汇，覆盖不同主题语境|以题载法，实现方法与知识的综合应用迁移|

完成时间： 月 日 今日打卡：☐ 已完成 用时： min 自评勋章： 作业13 完形填空解题技巧专项训练 一、核心定义 完形填空是高中英语核心题型，属于综合性语言测试题型。该题型选取一篇语义完整、逻辑连贯的短文，随机挖空设置题目，要求学生结合上下文语境、语法知识、词汇辨析、固定搭配、逻辑关系及文化常识，从选项中选出最佳答案，补全文章内容。其核心考查学生的语篇理解能力、逻辑推理能力、词汇运用能力和语法综合运用能力，侧重考查在完整语篇中灵活运用语言的能力，而非孤立的知识点记忆。 二、六大核心解题技巧 1. 语境语义法（核心技巧） 完形填空的每一个空格都依附上下文语境，脱离语境的单独选词极易出错。解题时需通读全文，把握文章主旨、情感基调与核心叙事线索，依托上文铺垫、下文暗示的语义信息，筛选贴合句意、贴合文章主题的词汇，优先保证语义通顺连贯。 2. 逻辑关系法（高频技巧） 文章段落、句子之间存在固定逻辑关系，是解题的关键突破口。常见逻辑关系分为四类： 转折（but、however、yet、while）、 因果（because、so、therefore、as a result） 并列递进（and、also、besides、furthermore）、对比让步（though、although、instead of）。 根据逻辑连接词可快速判断空格处词汇的情感、褒贬、语义方向。 3. 词汇辨析法（基础技巧） 题型常考查形近词、义近词、固定搭配辨析。包括动词、名词、形容词、副词的词义区分，以及动词短语、介词搭配、固定句型的运用。解题时需精准区分单词的使用场景、情感色彩、搭配习惯，结合语境排除语义重复、搭配不当的选项。 4. 语法分析法（保底技巧） 针对语法类设空，可通过分析句子成分、时态语态、主谓一致、非谓语动词、从句引导词、代词冠词等语法点解题。梳理句子主干，判断空格所需词性、时态、句式结构，快速锁定语法正确的选项，规避语法错误选项。 5. 复现呼应法（秒杀技巧） 为保证文章连贯，作者常会在上下文对核心词汇、关键信息进行原词复现、同义复现、反义复现。解题时可关注上下文出现的关键词，空格处答案往往与前文铺垫词汇同义、同形或形成正反对应，是快速解题的重要依据。 6. 常识推理法（辅助技巧） 部分题目结合生活常识、文化常识、自然规律、社会普遍认知即可判断答案。在语义、逻辑无明显突破口时，依托基础常识推理，可快速锁定正确选项，适用于场景类、态度类、行为类设空。 三、完形填空高频核心重点单词 （一）情感态度类 1. positive adj. 积极的；乐观的 2. negative adj. 消极的；负面的 3. anxious adj. 焦虑的；急切的 4. desperate adj. 绝望的；极度渴望的 5. disappointed adj. 失望的 6. ashamed adj. 羞愧的；惭愧的 7. satisfied adj. 满意的 8. annoyed adj. 恼怒的；心烦的 9. grateful adj. 感激的 10. confident adj. 自信的 （二）动作行为类 1. adjust v. 调整；适应 2. admit v. 承认；接纳 3. appreciate v. 感激；欣赏 4. encourage v. 鼓励 5. strengthen v. 加强；巩固 6. overcome v. 克服 7. refuse v. 拒绝；不愿 8. require v. 需要；要求 9. remind v. 提醒；使想起 10. achieve v. 实现；达成 （三）逻辑抽象名词 1. courage n. 勇气 2. patience n. 耐心 3. purpose n. 目的；意图 4. effect n. 效果；结果 5. challenge n. 挑战 v. 挑战 6. opportunity n. 机会 7. attitude n. 态度 8. progress n. 进步 （四）易混形近词 1. expect v. 期待，期盼& except prep. 除了& expert n.专家 2. affect v. 影响 & effect n. 效果，结果 3. adapt v. 适应；改编 & adopt v. 收养；采纳 4. arise v. 出现（问题、困难） & raise v. 举起；筹集；养育 四、完形填空高分重点短语 （一）因果逻辑短语 1. result in 导致 2. result from 由……引起 3. lead to 导致；引发 4. due to 由于；因为 5. thanks to 多亏；由于 6. as a result 结果 （二）转折让步逻辑短语 1. in spite of 尽管；不管 2. regardless of 不顾；无论 3. on the contrary 恰恰相反 4. by contrast 相比之下 5. after all 毕竟；终究 6. instead of 代替；而不是 （三）态度品质类固定搭配 1. be responsible for 对……负责 2. be satisfied with 对……满意 3. be ashamed of 为……感到羞愧 4. be grateful for 对……感激 5. be different from 与……不同 6. be famous/known for 因……闻名 （四）动作行为高频短语 1. take part in 参加（活动） 2. make progress 取得进步 3. take risks/a risk 冒险 4. get into trouble 陷入困境 5. feel like doing sth 想要做某事 6. decide on sth 对……做出决定 7. adjust oneself to 使自己适应…… 8. remind sb of sth 提醒某人某事 （五）过渡衔接短语 1. as a matter of fact 事实上 2. in addition 此外；而且 3. to be honest 说实话 4. more importantly 更重要的是 五、完形词汇解题黄金规则 1. 情感优先：记叙文完形优先判断褒贬、积极/消极，可直接排除一半错误选项 2. 逻辑为王：转折、因果、让步短语是完形难题突破口，熟记搭配不丢分 3.熟词避坑：完形最爱考熟词生义、形近词辨析，优先背诵本清单易混词 4. 搭配固定：高中完形90%固定填空来自以上短语，不随意直译、不主观臆 1、 完形填空 Cloze 01 The players on the Academy basketball team knew something was wrong. Their coach, Brendan King, who never 1 them on weekends, urged them back to the gym. They had won the championship the night before, yet now they felt somewhat 2 . “We actually lost to Apache 43 — 42,” King announced. “The recordkeeper 3 the score.” All fell silent. “But this doesn’t 4 how proud I am of you and how hard we worked to get here.” 5 , it was a bitter pill for them to swallow. Within 20 minutes’ debating, the whole team 6 to turn the trophy (奖杯) over to the rightful champions, Apache. The game had been physical and 7 . Scoring was back and forth until the fourth quarter, when Apache pulled away by 14 points. The Academy players, 8 to give up and fought back hard, hitting shot after shot. Ultimately, they hit a 3-point buzzer-beater (压哨球) to top Apache by a point. The players 9 , but strangely King had a sinking feeling. That night, he replayed the game tape carefully, counting every 10 . His gut (直觉) was right: An Academy shot was mistakenly counted due to the recordkeeper’s poor angle. The next morning, he 11 the basketball officials before addressing his 12 . With his team’s support, King drove to Apache to 13 the trophy. “I know we didn’t have to do this,” King says. “But for us 14 means far more than a trophy. Apache earned their champion 15 , and we earned ours here.” 1．A．praised B．followed C．contacted D．welcomed 2．A．relieved B．awkward C．excited D．nervous 3．A．miscounted B．disregarded C．disallowed D．misinterpreted 4．A．reflect on B．take away C．bring out D．make for 5．A．Still B．Moreover C．Instead D．Therefore 6．A．managed B．struggled C．pretended D．decided 7．A．balanced B．casual C．intense D．flexible 8．A．learned B．refused C．hesitated D．tended 9．A．erupted B．sweated C．nodded D．escaped 10．A．pass B．shot C．touch D．point 11．A．blamed B．questioned C．informed D．lectured 12．A．families B．assistants C．players D．fans 13．A．deliver B．exchange C．reclaim D．display 14．A．determination B．effort C．reputation D．honesty 15．A．on camera B．on court C．in time D．in sight Cloze 02 At seventeen, Marcus was the “invisible kid” in school. Struggling with a severe stutter (口吃), he had spent years staying 1 during class discussions. He felt like a(n) 2 within his own world, convinced he had nothing to offer the world. His life took an unexpected turn in March 2026 when his grandmother, Rose, a retired chef, broke her arm and asked him to 3 her in the kitchen. Initially, Marcus was a(n) 4 . He was clumsy and nervous, accidentally burning the garlic and over-salting the stews. Every mistake felt like a confirmation of his own 5 . However, Rose was a 6 teacher. “Cooking isn’t just about perfectly following a dry 7 ,” she told him gently. “It’s about the rhythm of the knife and the way the spices talk to each other. 8 the food.” Slowly, Marcus discovered that when he focused on the precise art of dicing vegetables, his internal anxiety 9 . In the kitchen, the pressure to speak disappeared. He didn’t need words to express his creativity; the flavors became his 10 . By early May, Marcus prepared a complex Sunday roast for his entire family. As they ate in 11 silence, his father whispered, “This is extraordinary, Marcus.” For the first time, Marcus didn’t look away in 12 . He realized that confidence didn’t always have to come from 13 words. Shortly after that, he started a social media channel called The Silent Chef. Marcus still stutters when he talks, but when he wears his apron, he knows he has finally found a 14 that the whole world can 15 . 1．A．silent B．active C．proud D．curious 2．A．designer B．owner C．prisoner D．observer 3．A．assist B．direct C．carry D．replace 4．A．disaster B．pessimist C．enthusiast D．genius 5．A．carelessness B．shyness C．laziness D．uselessness 6．A．strict B．talkative C．patient D．generous 7．A．story B．recipe C．trend D．diet 8．A．Look through B．Listen to C．Speak to D．Write down 9．A．mounted B．returned C．remained D．vanished 10．A．vocabulary B．challenge C．weapon D．shelter 11．A．cold B．disturbing C．awkward D．appreciative 12．A．confusion B．embarrassment C．surprise D．delight 13．A．written B．spoken C．simplified D．repeated 14．A．job B．gift C．voice D．rule 15．A．share B．trust C．understand D．bear Cloze 01 When Mysha made up her mind to get fitter at the end of 2019, choosing to take up running was a very easy decision. She lives in a beautiful town on Scotland’s east coast, so she found 1 wasn’t so bad with breathtaking scenery. However, even though Mysha quickly fell in love with running, something started to 2 her — the beaches and paths she ran along were covered in litter. 3 , she was always doing a little litter-picking, but when she saw an American runner online talking about plogging, a new 4 emerging among runners, she was excited to try it out for herself. Plogging 5 in Sweden, and the word comes from the Swedish word plocka, meaning “to 6 while jogging”. Mysha started following a 7 online called Environmental Fitness and began to take an shopping bag with her on runs and fill it with 8 . It wasn’t long until she discovered some of the upsetting 9 of littering. She started to find 10 chemicals contained in batteries leaking into the environment and small animals 11 in plastic bottles struggling to chew their way out. These discoveries made Mysha even more 12 about litter picking. She joined a local litter-picking group and soon was asked to 13 the leadership of the group. Although there was so much litter being dropped, Mysha and her fellow litter-pickers 14 to get out and plog. “The thought of keeping other people’s spirits up and seeing their 15 spread to more people keeps me going. Together, we can achieve amazing things!” Mysha says. 1．A．hiking B．skating C．jogging D．cycling 2．A．bother B．puzzle C．amuse D．embarrass 3．A．Secretly B．Proudly C．Luckily D．Actually 4．A．trend B．trick C．skill D．case 5．A．existed B．originated C．renewed D．rooted 6．A．recycle B．litter C．relax D．pick 7．A．tradition B．rule C．movement D．suggestion 8．A．food B．waste C．clothes D．cards 9．A．results B．truths C．processes D．examples 10．A．rare B．poisonous C．pure D．organic 11．A．buried B．raised C．placed D．trapped 12．A．confused B．curious C．enthusiastic D．worried 13．A．take over B．turn down C．insist on D．rise to 14．A．agreed B．continued C．hesitated D．prepared 15．A．dreams B．memories C．actions D．hobbies Cloze 02 All that chatter on social media may be more valuable than we think, say researchers who are 1 the postings for clues about how to best control infectious disease. According to the researchers, who reported their findings in the journal Science, applying mathematical models to what people are talking about on Facebook and Twitter could help scientists to better understand how contagious (感染的) diseases spread, and how people react to 2 . “Social media and other data sources can be used for 3 into how people will react when faced with a new disease control measure or the threat of infectious disease,” study author Chris Bauch, a professor of Applied Mathematics at the University of Waterloo, said in a statement. “We can create 4 from this data that allows researchers to observe how social contagion networks 5 better-known biological contagion networks.”6 on social media can sometimes predict the spread of ideas about diseases like the flu, for example, or beliefs about vaccinations. The researchers looked at the social media reactions to 7 like childhood immunizations and public health messages related to infections like influenza. “If highly 8 people in the social network (such as celebrities) suggest that the vaccine carries risks, the resulting understanding of vaccine risks can spread quickly through the social network, 9 a vaccine scare and a (n) 10 in vaccine coverage,” they write. 11 , such social connectivity can also help to 12 biological contagion through 13 or culturally promoted behaviors, like covering your mouth when you cough. Bauch and his co-author Alison Galvani from Yale University argue that social media should get more attention as a means of judging how people will respond to disease control measures. Collecting data from social networks could be used to understand behavior, and predict how a population may 14 to control measures, which is valuable for public health workers. The researchers are continuing to study how social media can 15 together both social contagion and biological contagion networks to better predict how diseases spread — and how to stop them. 1．A．underlying B．mining C．burying D．drawing 2．A．outcomes B．outlets C．outbreaks D．outlooks 3．A．insight B．implication C．investigation D．application 4．A．charts B．models C．methods D．wonders 5．A．couple with B．interfere with C．mix with D．interact with 6．A．update B．act C．share D．comment 7．A．issues B．examples C．tips D．trends 8．A．acknowledged B．connected C．respected D．scolded 9．A．fueling B．accumulating C．removing D．stimulating 10．A．increase B．urge C．recovery D．drop 11．A．Nevertheless B．Moreover C．Virtually D．Accordingly 12．A．spread B．prevent C．accelerate D．affect 13．A．imitated B．intended C．motivated D．inherited 14．A．agree B．adapt C．appeal D．respond 15．A．employ B．analyze C．relate D．tie Cloze 01 My sister and I grew up in a little village in England. Our father was a struggling 1 , but I always knew he was 2 . He never criticized us, but used praise to bring out our best. I remember as a child I said something 3 about somebody, and my father said, “Any time you say something unpleasant about somebody else, it’s a(n) 4 of you.” He explained that if I looked for the best in people, I would get the best 5 . From then on, I’ve always tried to 6 the principle (原则) in my life and later in running my company. Dad’s also always been very 7 . At 15, I started a magazine. It was 8 a great deal of my time, and the headmaster of my school gave me a 9 : Stay in school or leave to work on my magazine. I decided to leave, and Dad tried to sway (使动摇) me from my 10 , as any good father would. When he realized I had made up my mind, he said, “Richard, when I was 23, my dad 11 me to go into law. And I’ve 12 regretted it. I wanted to be a biologist, but I didn’t pursue my 13 . You know what you want. Go fulfill it.” As it turned out, my little publication went on to become Student, a national 14 for young people in the UK. My wife and I have two children, and I think we are bringing them up in the same way Dad 15 me. 1．A．biologist B．manager C．gardener D．lawyer 2．A．strict B．honest C．learned D．special 3．A．unnecessary B．unkind C．unimportant D．unusual 4．A．reflection B．virtue C．insight D．principle 5．A．in return B．in turn C．in all D．in short 6．A．revise B．set C．follow D．review 7．A．understanding B．determined C．serious D．humorous 8．A．making up B．taking up C．picking up D．looking up 9．A．suggestion B．try C．choice D．notice 10．A．decision B．direction C．account D．experience 11．A．helped B．allowed C．invited D．persuaded 12．A．never B．always C．seldom D．almost 13．A．policy B．promise C．dream D．research 14．A．magazine B．newspaper C．program D．project 15．A．controlled B．comforted C．raised D．reminded Cloze 02 In the sport of track and field, athletes compete not only with one another but against themselves to achieve a new personal best. Aiming to 1 his own record, Cerveny pushed himself hard. However, his legs cramped(抽筋)and 2   him with only 200 meters to go. Determined to 3 , Cerveny rose from the ground and continued on, only to fall again after another 50 meters. 4 , his coach asked Cerveny if he wanted to stop. He didn't. With great 5 Cerveny pulled himself up and with a(n)   6 pace, moved forward for one final push. 7 , it wasn't enough. 100 meters from the finish line, his legs simply 8 . Before his coach could 9 him, another runner- Brandon-was at his side to help. His first attempt to get Cerveny up failed, but he   10 to quit too. With a second pull, Cerveny was 11 . At a measured jog, the two completed the final 100 meters of the course, with Cerveny holding Brandon for 12 Brandon even made sure Cerveny crossed the finish line first,securing his 13 a faster time In today’s 14 world in which the emphasis in athletics is so often put on breaking records, it was 15 to see that for an athlete like Brandon, the value of true sportsmanship still had legs. 1．A．play B．beat C．check D．measure 2．A．failed B．warned C．dragged D．raised 3．A．rest B．win C．leave D．finish 4．A．Relieved B．Exhausted C．Concerned D．Disappointed 5．A．luck B．effort C．passion D．respect 6．A．rapid B．relaxed C．unsteady D．impatient 7．A．Normally B．Eventually C．Unbelievably D．Unfortunately 8．A．gave out B．broke up C．fell down D．slowed down 9．A．guide B．reach C．serve D．blame 10．A．refused B．hesitated C．regretted D．pretended 11．A．in his hand B．out of breath C．on his feet D．out of danger 12．A．direction B．support C．courage D．comfort 13．A．assistant B．teammate C．follower D．opponent 14．A．diverse B．well-developed C．competitive D．ever-changing 15．A．urgent B．common C．confusing D．inspiring 1 / 5 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 完成时间： 月 日 今日打卡：☐ 已完成 用时： min 自评勋章： 作业05句子成分和句子结构 一、核心定义 完形填空是高中英语核心题型，属于综合性语言测试题型。该题型选取一篇语义完整、逻辑连贯的短文，随机挖空设置题目，要求学生结合上下文语境、语法知识、词汇辨析、固定搭配、逻辑关系及文化常识，从选项中选出最佳答案，补全文章内容。其核心考查学生的语篇理解能力、逻辑推理能力、词汇运用能力和语法综合运用能力，侧重考查在完整语篇中灵活运用语言的能力，而非孤立的知识点记忆。 二、六大核心解题技巧 1. 语境语义法（核心技巧） 完形填空的每一个空格都依附上下文语境，脱离语境的单独选词极易出错。解题时需通读全文，把握文章主旨、情感基调与核心叙事线索，依托上文铺垫、下文暗示的语义信息，筛选贴合句意、贴合文章主题的词汇，优先保证语义通顺连贯。 2. 逻辑关系法（高频技巧） 文章段落、句子之间存在固定逻辑关系，是解题的关键突破口。常见逻辑关系分为四类： 转折（but、however、yet、while）、 因果（because、so、therefore、as a result） 并列递进（and、also、besides、furthermore）、对比让步（though、although、instead of）。 根据逻辑连接词可快速判断空格处词汇的情感、褒贬、语义方向。 3. 词汇辨析法（基础技巧） 题型常考查形近词、义近词、固定搭配辨析。包括动词、名词、形容词、副词的词义区分，以及动词短语、介词搭配、固定句型的运用。解题时需精准区分单词的使用场景、情感色彩、搭配习惯，结合语境排除语义重复、搭配不当的选项。 4. 语法分析法（保底技巧） 针对语法类设空，可通过分析句子成分、时态语态、主谓一致、非谓语动词、从句引导词、代词冠词等语法点解题。梳理句子主干，判断空格所需词性、时态、句式结构，快速锁定语法正确的选项，规避语法错误选项。 5. 复现呼应法（秒杀技巧） 为保证文章连贯，作者常会在上下文对核心词汇、关键信息进行原词复现、同义复现、反义复现。解题时可关注上下文出现的关键词，空格处答案往往与前文铺垫词汇同义、同形或形成正反对应，是快速解题的重要依据。 6. 常识推理法（辅助技巧） 部分题目结合生活常识、文化常识、自然规律、社会普遍认知即可判断答案。在语义、逻辑无明显突破口时，依托基础常识推理，可快速锁定正确选项，适用于场景类、态度类、行为类设空。 三、完形填空高频核心重点单词 （一）情感态度类 1. positive adj. 积极的；乐观的 2. negative adj. 消极的；负面的 3. anxious adj. 焦虑的；急切的 4. desperate adj. 绝望的；极度渴望的 5. disappointed adj. 失望的 6. ashamed adj. 羞愧的；惭愧的 7. satisfied adj. 满意的 8. annoyed adj. 恼怒的；心烦的 9. grateful adj. 感激的 10. confident adj. 自信的 （二）动作行为类 1. adjust v. 调整；适应 2. admit v. 承认；接纳 3. appreciate v. 感激；欣赏 4. encourage v. 鼓励 5. strengthen v. 加强；巩固 6. overcome v. 克服 7. refuse v. 拒绝；不愿 8. require v. 需要；要求 9. remind v. 提醒；使想起 10. achieve v. 实现；达成 （三）逻辑抽象名词 1. courage n. 勇气 2. patience n. 耐心 3. purpose n. 目的；意图 4. effect n. 效果；结果 5. challenge n. 挑战 v. 挑战 6. opportunity n. 机会 7. attitude n. 态度 8. progress n. 进步 （四）易混形近词 1. expect v. 期待，期盼& except prep. 除了& expert n.专家 2. affect v. 影响 & effect n. 效果，结果 3. adapt v. 适应；改编 & adopt v. 收养；采纳 4. arise v. 出现（问题、困难） & raise v. 举起；筹集；养育 四、完形填空高分重点短语 （一）因果逻辑短语 1. result in 导致 2. result from 由……引起 3. lead to 导致；引发 4. due to 由于；因为 5. thanks to 多亏；由于 6. as a result 结果 （二）转折让步逻辑短语 1. in spite of 尽管；不管 2. regardless of 不顾；无论 3. on the contrary 恰恰相反 4. by contrast 相比之下 5. after all 毕竟；终究 6. instead of 代替；而不是 （三）态度品质类固定搭配 1. be responsible for 对……负责 2. be satisfied with 对……满意 3. be ashamed of 为……感到羞愧 4. be grateful for 对……感激 5. be different from 与……不同 6. be famous/known for 因……闻名 （四）动作行为高频短语 1. take part in 参加（活动） 2. make progress 取得进步 3. take risks/a risk 冒险 4. get into trouble 陷入困境 5. feel like doing sth 想要做某事 6. decide on sth 对……做出决定 7. adjust oneself to 使自己适应…… 8. remind sb of sth 提醒某人某事 （五）过渡衔接短语 1. as a matter of fact 事实上 2. in addition 此外；而且 3. to be honest 说实话 4. more importantly 更重要的是 五、完形词汇解题黄金规则 1. 情感优先：记叙文完形优先判断褒贬、积极/消极，可直接排除一半错误选项 2. 逻辑为王：转折、因果、让步短语是完形难题突破口，熟记搭配不丢分 3.熟词避坑：完形最爱考熟词生义、形近词辨析，优先背诵本清单易混词 4. 搭配固定：高中完形90%固定填空来自以上短语，不随意直译、不主观臆 1、 完形填空 Cloze 01 The players on the Academy basketball team knew something was wrong. Their coach, Brendan King, who never 1 them on weekends, urged them back to the gym. They had won the championship the night before, yet now they felt somewhat 2 . “We actually lost to Apache 43 — 42,” King announced. “The recordkeeper 3 the score.” All fell silent. “But this doesn’t 4 how proud I am of you and how hard we worked to get here.” 5 , it was a bitter pill for them to swallow. Within 20 minutes’ debating, the whole team 6 to turn the trophy (奖杯) over to the rightful champions, Apache. The game had been physical and 7 . Scoring was back and forth until the fourth quarter, when Apache pulled away by 14 points. The Academy players, 8 to give up and fought back hard, hitting shot after shot. Ultimately, they hit a 3-point buzzer-beater (压哨球) to top Apache by a point. The players 9 , but strangely King had a sinking feeling. That night, he replayed the game tape carefully, counting every 10 . His gut (直觉) was right: An Academy shot was mistakenly counted due to the recordkeeper’s poor angle. The next morning, he 11 the basketball officials before addressing his 12 . With his team’s support, King drove to Apache to 13 the trophy. “I know we didn’t have to do this,” King says. “But for us 14 means far more than a trophy. Apache earned their champion 15 , and we earned ours here.” 1．A．praised B．followed C．contacted D．welcomed 2．A．relieved B．awkward C．excited D．nervous 3．A．miscounted B．disregarded C．disallowed D．misinterpreted 4．A．reflect on B．take away C．bring out D．make for 5．A．Still B．Moreover C．Instead D．Therefore 6．A．managed B．struggled C．pretended D．decided 7．A．balanced B．casual C．intense D．flexible 8．A．learned B．refused C．hesitated D．tended 9．A．erupted B．sweated C．nodded D．escaped 10．A．pass B．shot C．touch D．point 11．A．blamed B．questioned C．informed D．lectured 12．A．families B．assistants C．players D．fans 13．A．deliver B．exchange C．reclaim D．display 14．A．determination B．effort C．reputation D．honesty 15．A．on camera B．on court C．in time D．in sight 【答案】 1．C 2．D 3．A 4．B 5．A 6．D 7．C 8．B 9．A 10．D 11．C 12．C 13．A 14．D 15．B 【导语】文章讲述了篮球队赛后发现计分失误，全队主动归还奖杯，坚守赛场诚信本心的故事。 【详解】1．考查动词。句意：他们的教练布兰登・金在周末从未联系过他们，此刻却催促他们返回体育馆。A. praised赞扬；B. followed跟随；C. contacted联系；D. welcomed欢迎。根据上文“The players on the Academy basketball team knew something was wrong.”可知，球员们觉得不对劲，因为教练原本周末从不联系他们，现在却催促大家回体育馆。 2．考查形容词。句意：他们在前一晚刚拿下冠军，此刻众人心里却有些局促不安。A. relieved宽慰的；B. awkward尴尬的；C. excited兴奋的；D. nervous紧张的。根据上文“The players on the Academy basketball team knew something was wrong.”可知，球员们觉得不对劲，刚赢冠军却被紧急召回，因此感到紧张不安。 3．考查动词。句意：金教练宣布：“我们实际以42比43输给了阿帕奇队，计分员算错了比分。”A. miscounted数错；B. disregarded漠视；C. disallowed驳回；D. misinterpreted误解。根据上文“They had won the championship the night before”及“We actually lost to Apache 43 — 42”可知，实际比分是他们队输了，说明记分员数错了比分。 4．考查动词短语。句意：但这并不会抹杀我为你们感到的骄傲，也无法否定我们一路付出的努力。A. reflect on反思；B. take away夺走，减去；C. bring out显现；D. make for有助于。根据上文“We actually lost to Apache 43 — 42”可知，实际他们队输了比赛，但这并不会减少教练对队员的骄傲。 5．考查副词。句意：尽管如此，他们依旧难以接受这个事实。A. Still仍然；B. Moreover此外；C. Instead反而；D. Therefore因此。根据上文“But this doesn’t ________ how proud I am of you and how hard we worked to get here.”可知，尽管教练安慰队员，但这件事对队员来说依然难以接受。 6．考查动词。句意：经过二十分钟商讨，全队决定将奖杯归还给真正的冠军阿帕奇队。A. managed设法；B. struggled奋力；C. pretended假装；D. decided决定。根据上文“Within 20 minutes’ debating”可知，经过讨论，球队决定归还奖杯。 7．考查形容词。句意：这场比赛身体对抗激烈，战况胶着紧张。A. balanced平衡的；B. casual随意的；C. intense激烈的；D. flexible灵活的。根据下文“Scoring was back and forth until the fourth quarter, when Apache pulled away by 14 points.”可知，比分一直胶着，直到第四节时，阿帕奇队领先14分，说明比赛十分激烈。 8．考查动词。句意：学院队队员不肯轻言放弃，奋力反扑，接连命中进球。A. learned得知；B. refused拒绝；C. hesitated犹豫；D. tended倾向。根据上文“Scoring was back and forth until the fourth quarter, when Apache pulled away by 14 points.”可知，到第四节时，阿帕奇队领先14分，但队员拒绝放弃、奋力反击。 9．考查动词。句意：队员们欣喜沸腾，可教练内心却隐隐感到不安。A. erupted爆发；B. sweated流汗；C. nodded点头；D. escaped逃离。根据上文“Ultimately, they hit a 3-point buzzer-beater to top Apache by a point.”可知，压哨赢球后，队员们情绪爆发（欢呼庆祝），erupt此处表示（情绪）爆发，符合赢球后的反应。 10．考查名词。句意：当晚他反复回看赛事录像，逐一核对每一个得分。A. pass传递；B. shot投篮；C. touch触碰；D. point分数。根据下文“His gut was right: An Academy shot was mistakenly counted due to the recordkeeper’s poor angle.”可知，教练怀疑比分错误，因此重放录像逐分核对。 11．考查动词。句意：次日清晨，他先通知了篮球赛事人员，随后告知队内队员实情。A. blamed指责；B. questioned质疑；C. informed告知；D. lectured训斥。根据上文“His gut was right: An Academy shot was mistakenly counted due to the recordkeeper’s poor angle.”可知，教练发现错误后，先通知了篮球官方人员，inform符合逻辑。 12．考查名词。句意：次日清晨，他先通知了篮球赛事人员，随后告知队内队员实情。A. families家人；B. assistants助手；C. players队员；D. fans粉丝。根据上文“His gut was right: An Academy shot was mistakenly counted due to the recordkeeper’s poor angle.”可知，教练发现错误后，对自己的队员说明了情况。 13．考查动词。句意：在队员的支持下，金教练驱车前往阿帕奇队归还奖杯。A. deliver递送；B. exchange交换；C. reclaim收回；D. display展示。根据上文“Within 20 minutes’ debating, the whole team ________ to turn the trophy over to the rightful champions, Apache.”可知，经过讨论，球队决定归还奖杯，因此教练开车把奖杯送还给阿帕奇队。 14．考查名词。句意：“我知道我们本不必这么做，”金说道，“但对我们而言，诚实远不止是一个奖杯那么简单。阿帕奇队在球场上赢得了冠军，而我们在这里也赢得了属于我们的荣誉。”A. determination决心；B. effort努力；C. reputation名声；D. honesty诚信。结合全文可知，主动归还奖杯，对这支球队来说，诚实比奖杯更重要。 15．考查介词短语。句意：“我知道我们本不必这么做，”金教练说道，“但对我们而言，诚实远不止是一个奖杯那么简单。阿帕奇队在球场上赢得了冠军，而我们在这里也赢得了属于我们的荣誉。”A. on camera在镜头前；B. on court在赛场上；C. in time及时；D. in sight看得见。结合全文可知，此刻教练感悟：阿帕奇队在球场上通过比赛赢得冠军，而他们球队主动归还奖杯，坚守赛场诚信的本心也赢得了属于他们的荣誉。 Cloze 02 At seventeen, Marcus was the “invisible kid” in school. Struggling with a severe stutter (口吃), he had spent years staying 1 during class discussions. He felt like a(n) 2 within his own world, convinced he had nothing to offer the world. His life took an unexpected turn in March 2026 when his grandmother, Rose, a retired chef, broke her arm and asked him to 3 her in the kitchen. Initially, Marcus was a(n) 4 . He was clumsy and nervous, accidentally burning the garlic and over-salting the stews. Every mistake felt like a confirmation of his own 5 . However, Rose was a 6 teacher. “Cooking isn’t just about perfectly following a dry 7 ,” she told him gently. “It’s about the rhythm of the knife and the way the spices talk to each other. 8 the food.” Slowly, Marcus discovered that when he focused on the precise art of dicing vegetables, his internal anxiety 9 . In the kitchen, the pressure to speak disappeared. He didn’t need words to express his creativity; the flavors became his 10 . By early May, Marcus prepared a complex Sunday roast for his entire family. As they ate in 11 silence, his father whispered, “This is extraordinary, Marcus.” For the first time, Marcus didn’t look away in 12 . He realized that confidence didn’t always have to come from 13 words. Shortly after that, he started a social media channel called The Silent Chef. Marcus still stutters when he talks, but when he wears his apron, he knows he has finally found a 14 that the whole world can 15 . 1．A．silent B．active C．proud D．curious 2．A．designer B．owner C．prisoner D．observer 3．A．assist B．direct C．carry D．replace 4．A．disaster B．pessimist C．enthusiast D．genius 5．A．carelessness B．shyness C．laziness D．uselessness 6．A．strict B．talkative C．patient D．generous 7．A．story B．recipe C．trend D．diet 8．A．Look through B．Listen to C．Speak to D．Write down 9．A．mounted B．returned C．remained D．vanished 10．A．vocabulary B．challenge C．weapon D．shelter 11．A．cold B．disturbing C．awkward D．appreciative 12．A．confusion B．embarrassment C．surprise D．delight 13．A．written B．spoken C．simplified D．repeated 14．A．job B．gift C．voice D．rule 15．A．share B．trust C．understand D．bear 【答案】 1．A 2．C 3．A 4．A 5．D 6．C 7．B 8．B 9．D 10．A 11．D 12．B 13．B 14．C 15．C 【导语】 文章主要讲述了患有严重口吃的少年马库斯，因自卑觉得自己毫无价值，却在帮助受伤的奶奶做饭的过程中，通过美食找到了表达自我的方式，最终重拾自信的暖心故事。 【详解】 1．考查形容词。句意：他患有严重的口吃症，多年来在课堂讨论中一直保持沉默。A. silent沉默的；B. active活跃的；C. proud骄傲的； D. curious好奇的。根据前文“struggling with a severe stutter”明确提到马库斯患有严重的口吃，可知，这直接导致他在课堂讨论中多年来一直保持沉默，不敢开口说话。 2．考查名词。句意：他感觉自己就像被困在自己世界里的囚犯，深信自己没有什么能为这个世界贡献的。A. designer设计师；B. owner主人；C. prisoner囚犯；D. observer观察者。根据下文“convinced he had nothing to offer the world”可知，他因为口吃而自我封闭，感觉自己被困在自己的世界里，像一个囚犯。 3．考查动词。句意：2026 年 3 月，他的祖母罗丝——一位退休厨师——手臂骨折了，便请他帮忙在厨房里做事。A. assist帮助；B. direct指导；C. carry搬运；D. replace取代。根据上文“Rose, a retired chef, broke her arm”可知，奶奶摔断了胳膊，无法正常做饭，因此请求他到厨房来帮忙。 4．考查动词。句意：起初，马库斯的表现堪称灾难。A. disaster灾难，彻底失败的人；B. pessimist悲观主义者；C. enthusiast爱好者；D. genius天才。根据后文“He was clumsy and nervous, accidentally burning the garlic and over-salting the stews”描述他笨拙又紧张，不小心烧糊了大蒜，还把炖菜做咸了，说明他一开始在厨房表现得非常糟糕，简直是个灾难。 5．考查名词。句意：每一个错误都让他觉得自己毫无用处。A. carelessness粗心；B. shyness害羞；C. laziness懒惰；D. uselessness无用。根据前文“convinced he had nothing to offer the world”可知，每一个错误都像是在印证他自己的“无用”，强化了他的自我否定。 6．考查形容词。句意：然而，罗丝是一位耐心的老师。A. strict严格的；B. talkative健谈的；C. patient耐心的；D. generous慷慨的。根据下文“she told him gently”可知，面对马库斯的频频失误，奶奶并没有责备他，而是温柔地告诉他烹饪的真谛，这体现了她是一位非常有耐心的老师。 7．考查名词。句意：“烹饪不仅仅是严格按照枯燥的食谱来做，”她温柔地对他说。A. story故事；B. recipe食谱；C. trend趋势；D. diet饮食。根据语境以及上文“Cooking isn’t just about perfectly following…”可知，烹饪最基本的就是遵循食谱，奶奶说烹饪不只是严格遵循干巴巴的食谱，符合上下文逻辑。 8．考查动词短语。句意：倾听食物的声音。A. Look through浏览；B. Listen to倾听；C. Speak to对……说话；D. Write down写下。根据奶奶前一句说“the way the spices talk to each other”香料之间相互交流的方式，用了拟人的手法，因此后一句对应地说要“倾听” 食物的声音。 9．考查动词。句意：慢慢地，马库斯发现，当他专注于切蔬菜的精确技艺时，内心的焦虑消失了。A. mounted增加；B. returned返回；C. remained保持；D. vanished消失。根据后文“In the kitchen, the pressure to speak disappeared”提到在厨房里，说话的压力消失了，可知，当他专注于切菜等烹饪动作时，内心的焦虑也随之消失了。 10．考查名词。句意：他不需要言语来表达自己的创造力；味道成了他的词汇。A. vocabulary词汇；B. challenge挑战；C. weapon武器；D. shelter庇护所。根据上文“He didn’t need words to express his creativity”可知，马库斯在厨房里不需要说话，食物的味道就成了他的“词汇”，成为他表达自我的方式。 11．考查形容词。句意：当他们默默享受着美食时，他的父亲轻声说道：“这真是太不可思议了，马库斯。”A. cold冷漠的；B. disturbing令人不安的；C. awkward尴尬的；D. appreciative欣赏的。根据后文“This is extraordinary, Marcus”说明全家人都在欣赏地品尝他做的饭菜，因此是“欣赏的沉默”。 12．考查名词。句意：这是第一次，马库斯没有因尴尬而移开目光。A. confusion困惑；B. embarrassment尴尬；C. surprise惊讶；D. delight高兴。根据上文“This is extraordinary, Marcus.”可知，马库斯因为口吃长期自卑，以前别人夸奖他时，他会因为尴尬而移开视线。这是他第一次没有这样做。 13．考查形容词。句意：他意识到自信并不总是源于言语。A. written书面的；B. spoken口头的；C. simplified简化的；D. repeated重复的。通读全文可知，全文围绕马库斯的口吃问题展开，他一直因为口头表达有困难而自卑，现在他意识到自信不一定非要来自“口头”语言。 14．考查名词。句意：马库斯说话时仍会结巴，但当他穿上围裙时，他知道终于找到了一种全世界都能理解的声音。A. job工作；B. gift礼物；C. voice声音，发言权；D. rule规则。根据上文“the flavors became his vocabulary”可知，他之前因为口吃无法用语言发出自己的 “声音”，现在通过美食，他终于找到了一种全世界都能理解的“声音”。 15．考查动词。句意：马库斯说话时仍会结巴，但当他穿上围裙时，他知道终于找到了一种全世界都能理解的声音。A. share分享；B. trust信任；C. understand理解；D. bear忍受。根据句意以及上文“he knows he has finally found a voice that the whole world…”可知，美食是一种通用的语言，不需要说话，全世界的人都能理解他通过食物传递的情感和才华。 Cloze 01 When Mysha made up her mind to get fitter at the end of 2019, choosing to take up running was a very easy decision. She lives in a beautiful town on Scotland’s east coast, so she found 1 wasn’t so bad with breathtaking scenery. However, even though Mysha quickly fell in love with running, something started to 2 her — the beaches and paths she ran along were covered in litter. 3 , she was always doing a little litter-picking, but when she saw an American runner online talking about plogging, a new 4 emerging among runners, she was excited to try it out for herself. Plogging 5 in Sweden, and the word comes from the Swedish word plocka, meaning “to 6 while jogging”. Mysha started following a 7 online called Environmental Fitness and began to take an shopping bag with her on runs and fill it with 8 . It wasn’t long until she discovered some of the upsetting 9 of littering. She started to find 10 chemicals contained in batteries leaking into the environment and small animals 11 in plastic bottles struggling to chew their way out. These discoveries made Mysha even more 12 about litter picking. She joined a local litter-picking group and soon was asked to 13 the leadership of the group. Although there was so much litter being dropped, Mysha and her fellow litter-pickers 14 to get out and plog. “The thought of keeping other people’s spirits up and seeing their 15 spread to more people keeps me going. Together, we can achieve amazing things!” Mysha says. 1．A．hiking B．skating C．jogging D．cycling 2．A．bother B．puzzle C．amuse D．embarrass 3．A．Secretly B．Proudly C．Luckily D．Actually 4．A．trend B．trick C．skill D．case 5．A．existed B．originated C．renewed D．rooted 6．A．recycle B．litter C．relax D．pick 7．A．tradition B．rule C．movement D．suggestion 8．A．food B．waste C．clothes D．cards 9．A．results B．truths C．processes D．examples 10．A．rare B．poisonous C．pure D．organic 11．A．buried B．raised C．placed D．trapped 12．A．confused B．curious C．enthusiastic D．worried 13．A．take over B．turn down C．insist on D．rise to 14．A．agreed B．continued C．hesitated D．prepared 15．A．dreams B．memories C．actions D．hobbies 【答案】 1．C 2．A 3．D 4．A 5．B 6．D 7．C 8．B 9．A 10．B 11．D 12．C 13．A 14．B 15．C 【导语】 文章讲述了Mysha为了健身开始跑步，发现跑步路线上垃圾很多，在了解到“plogging（跑步捡垃圾）”这种新兴趋势后，她积极参与其中，并加入当地捡垃圾小组，还接管了小组领导权，她和伙伴们持续捡垃圾，希望通过行动影响更多人。 【详解】 1．考查名词。句意：她住在苏格兰东海岸一个美丽的小镇，所以她发现慢跑伴随着令人惊叹的风景也没那么糟糕。A. hiking徒步旅行；B. skating滑冰；C. jogging慢跑；D. cycling 骑自行车。根据下文“Yet even though Mysha quickly fell in love with running”可知，此处表示Mysha是在慢跑。 2．考查动词。句意：然而，尽管 Mysha 很快就爱上了跑步，但有件事开始使她烦恼 —— 她跑步经过的海滩和小路都布满了垃圾。A. bother使烦恼；B. puzzle 使困惑；C. amuse使娱乐；D. embarrass使尴尬。据下文“the beaches and paths she ran along were covered in litter.”可知，Mysha看到海滩边和步道上布满垃圾，感到很烦恼。 3．考查副词。句意：实际上，她一直在做一点捡垃圾的事，但当她在网上看到一位美国跑步者谈论 “plogging”，一种在跑步者中新兴的趋势时，她很兴奋自己去亲自尝试。A. Secretly秘密地；B. Proudly自豪地；C. Luckily幸运地；D. Actually实际上。根据下文“she was always doing a little litter-picking”可知，现实生活中，Mysha实际上一直在捡垃圾。 4．考查名词。句意：实际上，她一直在做一点捡垃圾的事，但当她在网上看到一位美国跑步者谈论 “plogging”，一种在跑步者中新兴的趋势时，她很兴奋自己去亲自尝试。A. trend趋势；B. trick技巧；C. skill技能；D. case情况。根据下文“she was excited to try it out for herself”可知，Mysha想亲自尝试一下这个新出现的流行趋势。 5．考查动词。句意：“plogging” 起源于瑞典，这个词来自瑞典语“plocka”，意思是 “慢跑时捡东西”。A. existed存在；B. originated起源；C. renewed更新；D. rooted使生根。根据下文“the word comes from the Swedish word ploka”可知，这个单词来源于瑞典语，因此此处表示Plogging起源于瑞典。 6．考查动词。句意：“plogging” 起源于瑞典，这个词来自瑞典语“plocka”，意思是 “慢跑时捡东西”。A. recycle回收；B. litter乱扔垃圾；C. relax放松；D. pick捡起。根据下文“began to take an shopping bag with her on runs and fill it with”可知，这些人跑步时带着购物袋是为了沿途捡拾垃圾。 7．考查名词。句意：Mysha开始追随网上一个名为“Environmental Fitness”的运动，并且开始在跑步时带上一个购物袋，把它装满垃圾。A. tradition传统；B. rule规则；C. movement运动；D. suggestion建议。根据下文“began to take an shopping bag with her on runs”可知，开始参与跑步时捡拾垃圾，因此这里指跟随这个运动开始行动。 8．考查名词。句意：Mysha开始追随网上一个名为“Environmental Fitness”的运动，并且开始在跑步时带上一个购物袋，把它装满垃圾。A. food食物；B. waste垃圾；C. clothes衣服；D. cards卡片。根据下文“It wasn’t long until she uncovered some of the upsetting ______ of littering”可知，Mysha看到沿途令人担忧的垃圾，因此人们携带购物袋边跑步边捡拾垃圾。 9．考查名词。句意：没过多久，她就发现了一些令人不安的乱扔垃圾的后果。A. results结果；B. truths真相；C. processes过程；D. examples实例。根据下文“struggling to chew their way out.”可知，动物被困住，才会挣扎想要逃跑。这是环境污染的不良后果。 10．考查形容词。句意：她开始发现电池中含有的有毒化学物质泄漏到环境中，被困在塑料瓶里的小动物挣扎着咬开瓶子逃出来。A. rare稀有的；B. poisonous有毒的；C. pure纯的；D. organic有机的。根据下文“chemicals contained in batteries”可知，包含在电池里的化学物质是有毒的。 11．考查动词。句意：她开始发现电池中含有的有毒化学物质泄漏到环境中，被困在塑料瓶里的小动物挣扎着咬开瓶子逃出来。A. buried埋葬；B. raised提高；C. placed放置；D. trapped被困。根据下文“struggling to chew their way out.”可知，动物被困住，才会挣扎想要逃跑。 12．考查形容词。句意：这些发现让 Mysha 对捡垃圾更加热情。A. confused困惑的；B. curious好奇的；C. enthusiastic热情的；D. worried担忧的。根据下文“She joined her local litter-picking group”可知，Mysha加入了本地捡拾垃圾小组，因此她对这个环保行为充满热情。 13．考查动词短语。句意：她加入了当地的捡垃圾小组，很快就被要求接管这个小组的领导权。A. take over接管；B. turn down拒绝；C. insist on坚持；D. rise to奋起应对。根据下文“leadership of the group”可知，Mysha接管担任了小组领导。 14．考查动词。句意：尽管有大量垃圾被丢弃，Mysha 和她的捡垃圾伙伴们继续出去跑步捡垃圾。A. agreed同意；B. continued继续；C. hesitated犹豫；D. prepared准备。根据上文“Despite the big volumes of litter being dropped”可知，尽管有大量垃圾被丢弃，这里有让步关系，所以Mysha和其他成员继续环保行为，与上文形成对比转折。 15．考查名词。句意：Mysha 说：“让其他人振作起来，并看到他们的行动传播给更多人的想法让我坚持下去”A. dreams梦想；B. memories记忆；C. actions行动；D. hobbies爱好。根据下文“Together, we can achieve amazing things!”可知，他们在共同努力开展环保行动，并影响了很多人。 Cloze 02 All that chatter on social media may be more valuable than we think, say researchers who are 1 the postings for clues about how to best control infectious disease. According to the researchers, who reported their findings in the journal Science, applying mathematical models to what people are talking about on Facebook and Twitter could help scientists to better understand how contagious (感染的) diseases spread, and how people react to 2 . “Social media and other data sources can be used for 3 into how people will react when faced with a new disease control measure or the threat of infectious disease,” study author Chris Bauch, a professor of Applied Mathematics at the University of Waterloo, said in a statement. “We can create 4 from this data that allows researchers to observe how social contagion networks 5 better-known biological contagion networks.”6 on social media can sometimes predict the spread of ideas about diseases like the flu, for example, or beliefs about vaccinations. The researchers looked at the social media reactions to 7 like childhood immunizations and public health messages related to infections like influenza. “If highly 8 people in the social network (such as celebrities) suggest that the vaccine carries risks, the resulting understanding of vaccine risks can spread quickly through the social network, 9 a vaccine scare and a (n) 10 in vaccine coverage,” they write. 11 , such social connectivity can also help to 12 biological contagion through 13 or culturally promoted behaviors, like covering your mouth when you cough. Bauch and his co-author Alison Galvani from Yale University argue that social media should get more attention as a means of judging how people will respond to disease control measures. Collecting data from social networks could be used to understand behavior, and predict how a population may 14 to control measures, which is valuable for public health workers. The researchers are continuing to study how social media can 15 together both social contagion and biological contagion networks to better predict how diseases spread — and how to stop them. 1．A．underlying B．mining C．burying D．drawing 2．A．outcomes B．outlets C．outbreaks D．outlooks 3．A．insight B．implication C．investigation D．application 4．A．charts B．models C．methods D．wonders 5．A．couple with B．interfere with C．mix with D．interact with 6．A．update B．act C．share D．comment 7．A．issues B．examples C．tips D．trends 8．A．acknowledged B．connected C．respected D．scolded 9．A．fueling B．accumulating C．removing D．stimulating 10．A．increase B．urge C．recovery D．drop 11．A．Nevertheless B．Moreover C．Virtually D．Accordingly 12．A．spread B．prevent C．accelerate D．affect 13．A．imitated B．intended C．motivated D．inherited 14．A．agree B．adapt C．appeal D．respond 15．A．employ B．analyze C．relate D．tie 【答案】 1．B 2．C 3．A 4．B 5．D 6．C 7．A 8．B 9．A 10．D 11．A 12．B 13．A 14．D 15．D 【导语】 文章主要介绍了研究人员通过挖掘社交媒体上的帖子来寻找关于如何最好地控制传染病的线索，并阐述了社交媒体在预测疾病传播和人们反应方面的作用。 1．考查动词。句意：研究人员正在挖掘这些发帖内容，寻找最佳管控传染病的线索，他们表示社交媒体上的各类讨论或许比我们想象中更有价值。A. underlying构成…… 的基础；B. mining挖掘；C. burying埋葬；D. drawing画。根据下文“the postings for clues about how to best control infectious disease”可知，研究人员搜集挖掘社交平台信息。 2．考查名词。句意：根据发表在《科学》杂志上的研究结果，研究人员表示，将数学模型应用于人们在Facebook和Twitter上的言论，可以帮助科学家更好地了解传染病的传播方式，以及人们对疫情爆发的反应。A. outcomes结果；B. outlets出口；C. outbreaks（疾病）爆发；D. outlooks展望。根据上文“how contagious (感染的) diseases spread”可知，此处指人们对传染病爆发的反应，固定搭配disease outbreaks意为“疫情爆发”。 3．考查名词。句意：社交媒体及其他数据来源可用于深入了解人们面对新型防疫措施或传染病威胁时的反应。A. insight深刻了解、洞悉；B. implication暗示；C. investigation调查；D. application应用。根据下文“into how people will react”可知，社交媒体和其他数据来源可以提供深入了解人们反应的途径。insight into为固定短语，意为“对……的深入了解”。 4．考查名词。句意：我们可以依托这些数据建立模型，让研究人员更清晰地观察社会传播网络与广为人知的生物传染网络之间如何相互影响。A. charts图表；B. models模型；C. methods方法；D. wonders奇迹。根据上文“applying mathematical models”可知，上下文多次提及科研使用模型分析数据，此处是信息词models的词汇复现。 5．考查动词短语。句意同上。A. couple with与……结合；B. interfere with干扰；C. mix with与……混合；D. interact with与……相互作用。根据上文“social contagion networks”和下文“biological contagion networks”可知，文章研究两种传播网络的相互影响与联系。 6．考查动词。句意：例如，人们在社交媒体上分享的内容，有时能够预测流感等疾病相关观念的传播趋势，或是大众对疫苗接种的看法。A. update更新；B. act行动；C. share分享；D. comment评论。根据下文“on social media”可知，人们在社交平台分享观点、内容，share贴合日常网络行为。 7．考查名词。句意：研究人员分析了网民针对儿童疫苗接种、流感感染相关公共卫生宣传等公共卫生议题的社交媒体反应。A. issues议题，公共问题；B. examples例子；C. tips提示；D. trends趋势。根据下文“childhood immunizations and public health messages related to infections like influenza”可知，疫苗接种和公共卫生都属于社会公共议题。 8．考查形容词。句意：研究人员写道：“社交网络中人脉广泛的关键人物（如名人）若宣称疫苗存在风险，这种疫苗风险认知会在社交网络中迅速扩散，加剧疫苗恐慌，造成疫苗接种率下降。” A. acknowledged公认的；B. connected人脉广的、社交联结强的；C. respected受尊敬的；D. scolded被斥责的。根据下文“in the social network (such as celebrities)”可知，名人在社交网络中联结广泛、影响力大。 9．考查动词。句意同上。A. fueling加剧；B. accumulating积累；C. removing移除；D. stimulating刺激。根据上文“suggest that the vaccine carries risks”可知，负面言论会助长、加剧恐慌。 10．考查名词。句意同上。A. increase增长；B. urge强烈欲望；C. recovery恢复；D. drop下降。根据上文“a vaccine scare”可知，民众害怕疫苗，自然会减少接种，接种率下降。 11．考查副词。句意：然而，这种社会联结也能够借助模仿性行为或大众推崇的健康习惯（如咳嗽时捂住口鼻），帮助防范生物性疾病传播。A. Nevertheless然而；B. Moreover此外；C. Virtually实际上；D. Accordingly因此。上段讲社交网络的负面影响（疫苗恐慌），本段讲正面作用，上下文正反对比，为转折逻辑。 12．考查动词。句意同上。A. spread传播；B. prevent阻止；C. accelerate加速；D. affect影响。根据下文“through _____ or culturally promoted behaviors, like covering your mouth when you cough”可知，良好社交传播的健康行为，能够预防疾病传播。 13．考查动词。句意同上。A. imitated模仿；B. intended打算；C. motivated激发；D. inherited继承。根据上文“social connectivity ”和下文“or culturally promoted behaviors”可知，社交平台中健康行为会被大众模仿学习。 14．考查动词。句意：收集社交网络数据，有助于分析大众行为、预测民众对防疫举措的应对方式，这对公共卫生工作者而言意义重大。A. agree同意；B. adapt适应；C. appeal呼吁；D. respond反应。根据上文“how people will respond to disease control measures”可知，此处指预测人群可能对控制措施的反应。 15．考查动词。句意：目前，研究人员仍在持续研究如何借助社交媒体，将社会传播网络与生物传染网络紧密结合，从而更精准地预测疾病传播路径，并探索阻断疾病传播的有效方法。A. employ雇佣；B. analyze分析；C. relate联系；D. tie系。根据下文“together both social contagion and biological contagion networks”可知，此处指将两种网络联系在一起。固定搭配tie together意为“把……联系起来”。 Cloze 01 My sister and I grew up in a little village in England. Our father was a struggling 1 , but I always knew he was 2 . He never criticized us, but used praise to bring out our best. I remember as a child I said something 3 about somebody, and my father said, “Any time you say something unpleasant about somebody else, it’s a(n) 4 of you.” He explained that if I looked for the best in people, I would get the best 5 . From then on, I’ve always tried to 6 the principle (原则) in my life and later in running my company. Dad’s also always been very 7 . At 15, I started a magazine. It was 8 a great deal of my time, and the headmaster of my school gave me a 9 : Stay in school or leave to work on my magazine. I decided to leave, and Dad tried to sway (使动摇) me from my 10 , as any good father would. When he realized I had made up my mind, he said, “Richard, when I was 23, my dad 11 me to go into law. And I’ve 12 regretted it. I wanted to be a biologist, but I didn’t pursue my 13 . You know what you want. Go fulfill it.” As it turned out, my little publication went on to become Student, a national 14 for young people in the UK. My wife and I have two children, and I think we are bringing them up in the same way Dad 15 me. 1．A．biologist B．manager C．gardener D．lawyer 2．A．strict B．honest C．learned D．special 3．A．unnecessary B．unkind C．unimportant D．unusual 4．A．reflection B．virtue C．insight D．principle 5．A．in return B．in turn C．in all D．in short 6．A．revise B．set C．follow D．review 7．A．understanding B．determined C．serious D．humorous 8．A．making up B．taking up C．picking up D．looking up 9．A．suggestion B．try C．choice D．notice 10．A．decision B．direction C．account D．experience 11．A．helped B．allowed C．invited D．persuaded 12．A．never B．always C．seldom D．almost 13．A．policy B．promise C．dream D．research 14．A．magazine B．newspaper C．program D．project 15．A．controlled B．comforted C．raised D．reminded 【答案】 1．D 2．D 3．B 4．A 5．A 6．C 7．A 8．B 9．C 10．A 11．D 12．B 13．C 14．A 15．C 【导语】 本文是一篇记叙文。文章通过作者的回忆，展现了父亲睿智而开明的教育方式：他通过赞扬引导子女，以自身经历支持作者辍学追求办杂志的梦想，最终作者获得成功，并将这种教育理念传承下去。 1．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们的父亲是位为生计奔波的律师，但我始终觉得他与众不同。A. biologist生物学家；B. manager经理；C. gardener园丁；D. lawyer律师。根据后文父亲的话“Richard, when I was 23, my dad me to go into law”可知，作者的父亲当初是被迫从事法律行业，说明他是一位“律师”。故选D项。 2．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们的父亲是位为生计奔波的律师，但我始终觉得他与众不同。A. strict严格的；B. honest诚实的；C. learned博学的；D. special特别的。根据后文对父亲教育方式的描述“He never criticized us, but used praise to bring out our best”和他对作者人生选择的开明支持可推知，父亲在教育子女方面有独到之处，因此在作者心中是“特别的”。故选D项。 3．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我记得小时候我说了一些关于某人的不友善的话，然后我的父亲说：“任何时候你说别人的坏话，那都是你自己的反映。”。A. unnecessary不必要的；B. unkind不友善的，刻薄的；C. unimportant不重要的；D. unusual不寻常的。根据后文父亲对此的回应“Any time you say something unpleasant about somebody else”可知，作者当时说的话是令人不快的，是“不友善的”。故选B项。 4．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我记得小时候我说了一些关于某人的不友善的话，然后我的父亲说：“任何时候你说别人的坏话，那都是你自己的反映。” A. reflection反映，反射；B. virtue美德；C. insight洞察力；D. principle原则。根据前文“you say something unpleasant about somebody else”和后文“of you”可推知，父亲认为我们对他人的评价往往“反映”了我们自身的价值观和内心世界。故选A项。 5．考查介词短语辨析。句意：他解释说，如果我看到人们最好的一面，我也会得到最好的回报。A. in return作为回报；B. in turn依次，反过来；C. in all总计；D. in short简而言之。根据前文“if I looked for the best in people”可推知，寻找他人的优点，这是一种积极的付出，因此会“作为回报”得到最好的结果。故选A项。 6．考查动词词义辨析。句意：从那时起，我一生都努力遵循这个原则，后来在经营公司时也是如此。A. revise修订；B. set设定；C. follow遵循；D. review回顾。根据前文父亲的教导“He explained that if I looked for the best in people, I would get the best .”和后文“the principle in my life and later in running my company”可知，作者在努力实践它，即“遵循”这个原则。故选C项。 7．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：父亲也一直非常善解人意。A. understanding善解人意的；B. determined坚决的；C. serious严肃的；D. humorous幽默的。根据后文对父亲处理作者辍学事件的具体描述“When he realized I had made up my mind, he said, “Richard, when I was 23, my dad me to go into law. And I’ve regretted it. I wanted to be a biologist, but I didn’t pursue my . You know what you want. Go fulfill it.””可知，父亲没有强行阻止，而是分享自己的遗憾经历来理解和支持作者，这充分体现了他“善解人意”的特质。故选A项。 8．考查动词短语辨析。句意：它占用了我大量的时间，校长给了我一个选择：留在学校或退学去办我的杂志。A. making up编造，弥补；B. taking up占据(时间、空间)；C. picking up捡起，学会；D. looking up查找，好转。根据前文“I started a magazine”和后文“a great deal of my time”可推知，办杂志“占据”了作者大量时间。故选B项。 9．考查名词词义辨析。句意：它占用了我大量的时间，校长给了我一个选择：留在学校或退学去办我的杂志。A. suggestion建议；B. try尝试；C. choice选择；D. notice通知。根据后文“Stay in school or leave to work on my magazine”可知，这是让作者“选择”。故选C项。 10．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我决定退学，而爸爸试图让我动摇我的决定，就像任何好父亲都会做的那样。A. decision决定；B. direction方向；C. account账户，描述；D. experience经历。根据前文“I decided to leave”可知，作者做出了一个决定，父亲试图让他改变这个“决定”。故选A项。 11．考查动词词义辨析。句意：理查德，当我23岁时，我父亲说服我去从事法律。A. helped帮助；B. allowed允许；C. invited邀请；D. persuaded说服。根据后文“And I’ve regretted it.”父亲对当初的选择一直感到后悔可知，他并非自愿，而是被父亲“说服”或“劝说”去学法律的。故选D项。 12．考查副词词义辨析。句意：我一直对此感到后悔。A. never从不；B. always总是；C. seldom很少；D. almost几乎。根据后文“I wanted to be a biologist, but I didn’t pursue my .”可知，父亲放弃了自己的梦想，因此对被迫从事法律行业这件事“总是”感到遗憾。故选B项。 13．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我想成为一名生物学家，但我没有追求我的梦想。A. policy政策；B. promise承诺；C. dream梦想；D. research研究。根据前文“I wanted to be a biologist”可知，成为一名生物学家是父亲的“梦想”。故选C项。 14．考查名词词义辨析。句意：结果，我的小出版物继续发展，成为了《学生》杂志，一本在英国面向年轻人的全国性杂志。A. magazine杂志；B. newspaper报纸；C. program项目，节目；D. project项目。根据前文“started a magazine”以及“my little publication went on to become Student”可知，作者创办的是一本“杂志”。故选A项。 15．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我和我妻子有两个孩子，而且我想我们正在用父亲抚养我的方式抚养他们。A. controlled控制；B. comforted安慰；C. raised抚养，养育；D. reminded提醒。根据前文“My wife and I have two children, and I think we are bringing them up”可知，“bringing them up(抚养他们)”与父亲“raised me(抚养我)”是同一个意思。故选C项。 Cloze 02 In the sport of track and field, athletes compete not only with one another but against themselves to achieve a new personal best. Aiming to 1 his own record, Cerveny pushed himself hard. However, his legs cramped(抽筋)and 2   him with only 200 meters to go. Determined to 3 , Cerveny rose from the ground and continued on, only to fall again after another 50 meters. 4 , his coach asked Cerveny if he wanted to stop. He didn't. With great 5 Cerveny pulled himself up and with a(n)   6 pace, moved forward for one final push. 7 , it wasn't enough. 100 meters from the finish line, his legs simply 8 . Before his coach could 9 him, another runner- Brandon-was at his side to help. His first attempt to get Cerveny up failed, but he   10 to quit too. With a second pull, Cerveny was 11 . At a measured jog, the two completed the final 100 meters of the course, with Cerveny holding Brandon for 12 Brandon even made sure Cerveny crossed the finish line first,securing his 13 a faster time In today’s 14 world in which the emphasis in athletics is so often put on breaking records, it was 15 to see that for an athlete like Brandon, the value of true sportsmanship still had legs. 1．A．play B．beat C．check D．measure 2．A．failed B．warned C．dragged D．raised 3．A．rest B．win C．leave D．finish 4．A．Relieved B．Exhausted C．Concerned D．Disappointed 5．A．luck B．effort C．passion D．respect 6．A．rapid B．relaxed C．unsteady D．impatient 7．A．Normally B．Eventually C．Unbelievably D．Unfortunately 8．A．gave out B．broke up C．fell down D．slowed down 9．A．guide B．reach C．serve D．blame 10．A．refused B．hesitated C．regretted D．pretended 11．A．in his hand B．out of breath C．on his feet D．out of danger 12．A．direction B．support C．courage D．comfort 13．A．assistant B．teammate C．follower D．opponent 14．A．diverse B．well-developed C．competitive D．ever-changing 15．A．urgent B．common C．confusing D．inspiring 【答案】 1．B 2．A 3．D 4．C 5．B 6．C 7．D 8．A 9．B 10．A 11．C 12．B 13．D 14．C 15．D 【导语】 本文为一篇夹叙夹议文。主要讲述了跑步运动员Cerveny在赛场上因腿抽筋导致腿部无力而两次摔倒，另一个运动员Brandon经过时伸出援手，帮助了他。作者认为在当今这个竞争激烈的世界，人们通常把重点放在打破纪录上，看到像Brandon这样的运动员，真正的体育精神的价值仍然存在，这是令人鼓舞的。 1．考查动词词义辨析。句意：为了打破自己的记录，Cerveny对自己要求很高。A.play播放；B.beat赛过，胜过；C.check检查；D.measure措施。根据前一句“In the sport of track and field, athletes compete not only with one another but against themselves to achieve a new personal best.(在田径运动中，运动员不仅相互竞争，而且还要与自己竞争以达到个人的最高水平。)”可知，Cerveny对自己要求很高，要与自己竞争以达到最高水平，beat a record，意为“打破纪录”，此处指Cerveny打破自己过去创下的记录。故选B项。 2．考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，他的腿抽筋了，在只剩下200米的时候，他摔倒了。A.failed失败；B.warned警告；C.  dragged拖；D.raised 举起，提高。故选A项。 3．考查动词词义辨析。句意：Cerveny下定决心要完成比赛，他从地面上爬起来，继续前进，但在又爬了50米后又倒了下去。A.rest休息；B.win赢；C.leave离开；D.finish完成。根据本句中“rose from the ground and continued on”可知，Cerveny还想往前，不能打破纪录，但必须完成比赛。故选D项。 4．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他的教练很担心地问他是否想停下来。A.Relieved解脱；B.Exhausted筋疲力尽；C.Concerned关心；D.Disappointed失望。根据语境，自己队的参赛选手身体出了状况，教练肯定会担心。Concerned符合语境，故选C项。 5．考查名词词义辨析。句意：Cerveny吃力地使自己站起来，然后步履不稳，向前做最后的冲刺。A.luck运气；B.effort努力；C.passion激情；D.respect尊重。根据语境，Cerveny的腿抽筋，站着很费力，短语with great  effort，意为“吃力地，经过巨大的努力”。故选B项。 6．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Cerveny吃力地使自己站起来，然后步履不稳，向前做最后的冲刺。A.rapid快速；B.relaxed放松；C.unsteady不稳定；D.impatient急躁。上文“With great ____ Cerveny pulled himself up(Cerveny吃力地使自己站起来)”可知，Cerveny的腿抽筋了，站起来都很费力，冲刺的话，脚步肯定不稳定，踉踉跄跄的。故选C项。 7．考查副词词义辨析。句意：不幸的是，这还不够。A.Normally通常；B.Eventually最终；C.Unbelievably令人难以置信的；D.Unfortunately不幸地。根据下文“100 meters from the finish line, his legs simply ____ .(在离终点线100米的时候，他的双腿已经无力支撑。)”可知，Cerveny尽管努力了，但是离终点线还有一段距离，Unfortunately符合语境。故选D项。 8．考查动词短语辨析。句意：在离终点线100米的时候，他的双腿已经无力支撑。A.gave out精疲力竭；B.broke up分手，分解；C.fell down倒下；D.slowed down减速。根据上文“However, his legs cramped (抽筋) and ____ him with only 200 meters to go.(然而，他的腿抽筋了，在只剩下200米的时候，他摔倒了)”可知，Cerveny在还剩200米处腿抽筋的情况下，还往前跑了100米，可推知，此时此刻，他的双腿已精疲力竭。故选A项。 9．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他的教练还没来得及赶到，另一个跑步者Brandon已经在他身边帮忙了。A.guide引导；B.reach到达；C.serve服务；D.blame责怪。根据后半句的at his side to help，可知，教练没有Brandon跑得快，没能第一时间到达倒下的Cerveny身边。故选B项。 10．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他第一次把 Cerveny拉起来的尝试失败了，但他也拒绝放弃。A.refused拒绝；B.hesitated犹豫；C.regretted后悔；D.pretended假装。根据后一句“With a second pull, Cerveny was ____ .(又拉了一下， Cerveny站了起来)”可知，尽管第一次没有把 Cerveny从地上拉起来，第二次成功了，故可推知，Brandon拒绝放弃。故选A项。 11．考查介词短语辨析。句意：又拉了一下， Cerveny站了起来。A.in his hand在他手里；B.out of breath喘不过气来；C.on his feet站起来；D.out of danger危险。根据语境，“With a second pull”, Brandon拉起了倒下的Cerveny，使他站起来。on his feet符合语境，故选C项。 12．考查名词词义辨析。句意：在Cerveny扶着Brandon作支撑，两人缓慢地跑完了最后的100米。A.direction方向；B.support支持；C.courage勇气；D.comfort安慰。根据语境，腿部抽筋导致步履踉跄的Cerveny还能跑完最后的一段距离，得到了Brandon的支撑。故选B项。 13．考查名词词义辨析。句意：Brandon甚至确保Cerveny第一个冲过终点线，保证对手的速度更快一点。A.assistant助理；B.teammate队友；C.follower跟随者；D.opponent对手。根据上文“Aiming to ____ his own record, Cerveny pushed himself hard.(为了打破自己的记录，Cerveny对自己要求很高。)”可知，Cerveny是一个优秀的运动员，本想在这次比赛中打破自己的纪录，在比赛中，他和Brandon为对手。故选D项。 14．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在当今这个竞争激烈的世界里，体育运动的重点经常放在打破纪录上，看到像Brandon这样的运动员，真正的体育精神的价值仍然存在，这令人鼓舞。A.diverse多样的；B.well-developed发展良好的；C.competitive竞争激烈的；D.ever-changing不断变化。根据第一段的第一句“In the sport of track and field, athletes compete not only with one another but against themselves to achieve a new personal best.(在田径运动中，运动员不仅相互竞争，而且还要与自己竞争以达到个人的最高水平)”可知，运动中，竞争很激烈，可推知，整个世界也是竞争激烈的，故选C项。 15．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在当今这个竞争激烈的世界里，体育运动的重点经常放在打破纪录上，看到像Brandon这样的运动员，真正的体育精神的价值仍然存在，这令人鼓舞。A.urgent紧急的；B.common常见的；C.confusing困惑的；D.inspiring鼓舞人心的。根据前文Brandon帮助Cerveny一起冲刺跑完最后100米可知，他们两人体现出了真正的体育精神所在，令人鼓舞。故选D项。 1 / 5 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $