专题03 Units 5～6高频考点+语法谈论数量&情态动词（期末复习讲义）七年级英语下学期新教材沪教版

专题 Units 5~6（期末复习讲义） 内 容 导 航 考情透视·目标导航 透析期末考向，锚定备考重心 知识梳理·方法技巧 梳理核心脉络，扫除知识盲区 考场练兵·分层实战 阶梯实战演练，验收复习成效 复习目标 复习重点： 1. 1.掌握描述水循环、用电行为、人物感受的形容词（如 everyday, valuable, electrical, electronic, powerful, sleepy, scared 等），以及 -ing/-ed 结尾形容词的辨析与用法（如 boring/bored, exciting/excited, tiring/tired）。 2.理解并运用以下句型： It is + adj. + for sb. to do sth. find it + adj. + to do sth. remember to do / remember doing；forget to do / forget doing try to do / try doing turn out + adj. / to be / that从句 This is because... / That‘s why... make sure (that) / to do / of sth. It’s one‘s duty to do sth. 3.掌握以下语法与词汇搭配： 谈论数量：a lot of, lots of, plenty of, some, any, no, enough；many / much, a few / few, a little / little, too many / too much, much too 情态动词：can/could（能力、请求、推测），must/have to（必须、不得不），mustn’t（禁止），needn‘t/don’t have to（不必），may（请求、推测、祝愿） turn 相关短语：turn on/off, turn up/down run out of / run out（用完） join / join in / take part in / attend connect...to / be connected with add...to, end up (doing), a bit / a bit of, go bad, switch off/on 复习难点： 1.区分并正确使用以 -ing 和 -ed 结尾的形容词（如 boring / bored, scary / scared, exciting / excited, tiring / tired, interesting / interested）。 2.在写作和完形中灵活运用 spend / pay / cost / take 表达“花费”，并区分主语与句型结构。（本单元虽未重点讲解，但作为跨单元常考点保留） 3.区分 too much / too many / much too：too much + 不可数名词，too many + 可数名词复数，much too + 形容词/副词。 4.区分 everyday 与 every day：everyday 是形容词“日常的”，修饰名词；every day 是副词短语“每天”，作状语。 5.区分 borrow / lend / keep：borrow（借入，非延续），lend（借出，非延续），keep（保留，延续，可与时间段连用）。 6.区分 run out of（主语为人）与 run out（主语为物）。 7.区分 join / join in / take part in / attend：join 加入组织/团体；join in 参加小规模活动；take part in 参加大型活动并发挥作用；attend 出席会议/典礼等。 考情规律 词汇运用：侧重 everyday, journey, drop, turn off/on, voice/noise/sound, eventually, end up, add, a bit, return, remember, population等在具体语境中的选择，以及 add...to, be made of/from/into/in/by, play a role in, at the end of, as a result of, connect...to/with, run out of,的介词搭配。 句型转换/翻译：常涉及remember to do / remember doing 的语境判断，stop to do / stop doing 的语境判断，try to do / try doing 的语境判断，turn out + adj. / to be / that从句，This is because... / That‘s why... 互换等。 Unit 5 知识点1 everyday Where can you find water in your everyday life?你在日常生活中在哪里可以找到水？ everyday adj. 日常的；每天的 辨析everyday 和 every day ①every day 是副词短语，意思是“每天”，表示频率通常用作句子的时间状语。 I go to school on foot every day.我每天步行去上学。 ②everyday 是形容词意思是“日常的，每天的”，同义词为daily。仅用在名词之前作定语，不能单独使用。 The Internet has become part of everyday life.互联网已成为日常生活的一部分。 1．If you want to improve your spoken English, you should speak more _______ English _______. A．everyday; everyday B．every day; everyday C．everyday; every day D．every day; every day 【答案】C 【详解】句意：如果你想提高你的英语口语，你应该每天多说日常英语。 考查形容词与副词辨析。everyday日常的，每天的，形容词；every day每天，频率副词。根据“If you want to improve your spoken English, you should speak more…English…”可知，第一个空处应用形容词修饰English，第二个空应用副词修饰谓语动词speak。故选C。 知识点2 journey & drop The journey of a drop of water一滴水的旅程 journey n. （尤指长途）旅行 辨析trip, journey, travel和voyage 词条 用法 trip 指短期的具有特定目的的旅行。常用短语：take a trip 去旅行 journey 指稍长的旅途 travel 是最常用的，指旅行或普通出行 voyage 指海上航行 drop n. 滴； 水珠 a drop of... 一滴 （作动词，意为“v. 落下”） 1.—He dropped off his bike yesterday.     —Really? Did he get hurt? A．left B．took C．fell 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——他昨天从自行车上掉下来了。——真的吗？他受伤了吗？ 考查动词辨析。left离开；took拿走；fell落下。根据“He dropped off his bike yesterday.”和“Did he get hurt?”可知，他从自行车上掉了下来；drop在此表示“掉落”，与C项同义。故选C。 2.（谚语翻译）千里之行，始于足下。 ____________________________________________________________ 【答案】A journey of a thousand miles begins with a single step. 知识点3 on The tap was on. 水龙头开着。 on 此时是副词，意为“开着”。be on表示“已连接、处于工作中的状态”。类似的还有: The class is over. 课程结束了。 1．Don’t leave the tap ________ after you use it. A．open B．close C．off D．on 【答案】D 【详解】句意：用完后不要让水龙头开着。 考查动词短语。open打开；close关闭；off离开（某处）；on继续着。根据“Don’t leave the tap...after you use it.”可知，此处是leave...on短语，意为“让……开着”，故选D。 2．Tim isn’t in the living room, but the TV is on. A．is off B．is working C．doesn’t work D．can’t work 【答案】B 【详解】句意：蒂姆不在客厅，但电视开着。 考查同义词替换。is off关掉了；is working正在工作；doesn’t work没有工作；can’t work不能工作。根据“Tim isn’t in the living room, but the TV is on.”可知，此处指电视机是开着的状态，即电视机正在工作，划线部分与B选项同义。故选B。 知识点4 turn off & voice "Turn that tap off!" said an angry voice suddenly.“关掉那个水龙头！”突然有一个愤怒的声音说。 turn off 意为“关闭（水、电、电器等）”。当宾语为代词时，代词要位于中间。 如：Turn it off。 turn的相关短语辨析 voice n. 说话声 辨析noise, voice, sound 词条 含义 用法 noise 噪音;喧闹声 意为“噪音;喧闹声”, 常指不悦耳、不和谐的嘈杂声。 voice 嗓音；说话声 指人的嗓音或说话、唱歌时发出的声音；或指鸟叫声。 sound 声音 泛指人们听到的各种“声音”, 可以是人或动物的声音, 也可以是大自然的任何声音。 1．—Don’t forget to ________ the light when you leave the room. —OK, I won’t. I know we should ________ energy. A．turn off; save B．turn into; save C．turn off; collect D．turn into; collect 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——当你离开房间时不要忘了关灯。——好的，我不会。我知道我们应该节能。 考查动词短语及动词辨析。turn off关掉；turn into变成；save节约；collect收集。根据“when you leave the room.”可知，离开房间时要关灯，空一用turn off；由“Don’t forget to ... the light when you leave the room.”可知，关灯是为了节约能源，空二用save。故选A。 2．It’s very hot in the room. Why not ________ the air conditioner (空调)? A．turn on B．turn off C．to turn on D．to turn off 【答案】A 【详解】句意：房间里很热。为什么不打开空调呢？ 考查动词短语。turn on打开；turn off关闭，句型why not+动词原形意为“为什么不……”，排除C和D，由“It’s very hot in the room”可知，应该是打开空调，排除B，故选A。 3．How noisy it is! Could you please ____the CD player a little? A．turn off B．turn down C．turn on D．turn up 【答案】B 【详解】句意：太吵了！你能把CD唱片关小点吗？A. turn off  关掉；  B. turn down 关小；   C. turn on  打开；  D. turn up开大。根据句意故选B 4．—Don’t keep the water running while brushing your teeth. —Sorry. I forgot to ________. A．turn on it B．turn it on C．turn off it D．turn it off 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——刷牙的时候，不要让水一直流淌着。——对不起。我忘了关上它。 考查动词词组辨析。turn on打开；turn off关闭。根据“Don’t keep the water running while brushing your teeth.”可知，此处表示忘了关上，故用turn off；turn off为动词+副词构成的词组，代词作宾语时要用宾格放在中间。故选D。 5．Please don't make any __ I can hardly hear the speaker's ______________. A．sound;noise B．noise;sound C．voice;sound D．noise;voice 【答案】D 【详解】句意：请不要发出任何噪音，我几乎不能听见演讲者的声音。sound声音，可以指人的声音或其他东西发出的声音，不论高低，是否悦耳；noise通常指噪音；voice一般指人的声音，说话，唱歌，谈笑；故选D 6．The parrot is very clever. It can make beautiful ________. A．sound B．shout C．noise D．voice 【答案】A 【详解】句意：这个鹦鹉非常聪明，它能发出美妙的声音。A. sound  声音,(指人或动物的声音)；  B. shout 喊；   C. noise 噪音；   D. voice声音（指人的声音）；故选A 知识点5 eventually & end up I fell into a river and eventually ended up in a reservoir.我掉进了河里，最后掉进了一个水库。 eventually adv. 最后，终于 。其同义表达有finally，in the end，at last 等。 “fell into”意为“掉入，落入”，fell的动词原形为___fall______. end up 是一个常用的动词短语，表示 “最终处于某种状态” 或 “以某种结果告终”，常用于描述意外或非计划中的结局。详细用法如下： ①end up + 地点/状态 They got lost and ended up in a small village.（他们迷路了，最终到了一个村庄。） If you don’t study, you’ll end up failing the exam.（如果你不学习，考试会不及格。） ②end up + doing sth（最终做了某事） We ended up staying home because of the rain.（因为下雨，我们最终待在了家里。） ③end up with + 名词（最终有某物/处于某种情况） He gambled all his money and ended up with nothing.（他赌光了钱，最后一无所有。） 1．You might end up ________ the exam unless you study hard. A．fail B．to fail C．failing D．failed 【答案】C 【详解】句意：除非你努力学习，否则你可能会考试不及格。 考查非谓语动词。end up doing sth“最终做某事”为固定搭配，此处应用动名词作介词宾语。故选C。 2.When you study hard every day, you will _____ succeed in your exams. A. never B. sometimes C. eventually D. immediately 【答案】C 【详解】句意：当你每天都努力学习时，你会在考试中取得成功。这道题考查的是副词的用法。选项A "never" 表示从不，与题意相反；选项B "sometimes" 表示有时，与题意不符；选项C "eventually" 表示最终，符合题意；选项D "immediately" 表示立即，与题意不符。因此，正确答案是C "eventually"。 知识点6 add There people cleaned me and added some chemicals to me.那里有人给我清洗干净，还给我加了一些化学物质。 add: v.添加；增加。“add...to...” 意为“把...加到...里”。另外 add 还有“加”的意思。 I added some water to the chicken soup just now. 我刚才在鸡汤里加了一些水。 Add 2 and 3 to get 5. 2加3得5. 1．你需要把一些水慢慢地加到锅里去。 You need to the pot very slowly. 【答案】 add some water to 【详解】根据中英文对照可知，把……加到……“add...to...”，一些水“some water”。故填add；some；water；to。 2．If you add four ________ seven, you can get eleven. A．in B．at C．on D．to 【答案】D 【详解】句意：如果你把四加上七，就会得到十一。 考查固定搭配。add A to B意为“把A加到B里”，固定搭配。故选D。 3．Jack added too much salt to the soup, so the soup was very salty. A．put ... in B．got ... from C．joined ... in D．led ... to 【答案】A 【详解】句意：杰克在汤里放了太多的盐，所以汤很咸。 考查动词与介词的搭配。put ... in把……放……里；got ... from从……得到……；joined ... in加入……在……里面；led ... to领着……到。根据“Jack added too much salt to the soup, so the soup was very salty.”可知，在汤里加盐，add ... to表示“添加……到……”，与A选项同义。故选A。 知识点7 a bit Because I was a bit dirty. 因为我有点脏了。 a bit 意为“稍微；有点儿”，具体用如下。 ①a bit可用于修饰形容词、副词的原级和比较级，此时可与a little 互换。 I am a bit hungry.=I am a little hungry.我有点饿了。 ②a bit若修饰名词，需要加介词of，即“a bit of”作形容词，后面加不可数名词。而 a little可直接修饰不可数名词。 There is a bit of water in the bottle. =There is a little water in the bottle.瓶子里有一点水。 1．There is ________ milk in the glass. It’s ________ bad. A．a little; a bit B．a little; a bit of C．a little bit; a bit D．a bit; a little 【答案】A 【详解】句意：杯子里有一点牛奶。有点儿坏了。 考查短语。a little一些，修饰不可数名词；a little bit修饰形容词或副词；a bit of一点儿，修饰不可数名词；a bit稍微，修饰形容词或副词。a little可以修饰不可数名词milk；修饰形容词bad填a bit。故选A。 2．There is ________ meat in the fridge. But it tastes ________ strange. A．a bit; a little B．a bit of; a little C．a little, a bit of D．A and B 【答案】B 【详解】句意：冰箱里有一点肉。但是它尝起来有点奇怪。 考查短语辨析。a little“一点”和a bit“一点”在修饰形容词，副词，动词时用法一样，第二空可以用a little，排除C选项。a bit of修饰不可数名词，a little也可以修饰不可数名词，所以第一空可以填a little或a bit of，排除A和D选项，故选B。 知识点8 return Then I'll go into a river, and after that I'll return into the sea again.然后我就进入一条河里，然后再回到海里去。 return v. 返回；归还 n. 回来；归还 1. 不及物动词：直接接 to + 地点，表示回到某处。直接接 from+ 地点,表示从某处回来。也可单独使用（无需加地点）。 She returned to her hometown. （她回到了家乡。） He returned from work at 6 PM. （他6点下班回来。） 2. 及物动词：return + 物品 (to + 人/地点) 归还（物品）给...... Please return the book to the library. （请把书归还图书馆。） I will return your call later. （我会稍后回电。） return 还可以作名词，意为“归来；回归”。“in return” 意为“作为回报；作为回应”。 1.I have to return the books to the library today. A．learn about B．write down C．give back 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我今天得把书还给图书馆。 考查动词短语。learn about了解；write down写下；give back归还。根据“I have to return the books to the library today.”可知，return指“归还”，与give back同义。故选C。 2．I’d like to share my chocolates with you _________ for your help with my homework. A．in time B．in fact C．in return D．in addition 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我想和你分享我的巧克力糖，以回报你帮助我做作业。 考查介词短语辨析。in time及时；in fact事实上；in return作为回报；in addition此外，另外。根据“share my chocolates with you … for your help with my homework”可知，此处是指分享巧克力糖作为帮助做作业的回报，应用“in return”。故选C。 知识点9 remember to do sth. Remember not to waste or pollute me. I'm valuable.记住不要浪费或污染我。我是很宝贵的。 remember to do sth. 意为“记得要去做某事”；其否定表达为 remember not to do sth.辨析remember to do和remember doing sth. 结构 含义区别 例句对比 remember to do 记得要去做（未做） She remembered to buy milk.（她记得要去买牛奶。） remember doing 记得做过（已做） She remembered buying milk.（她记得买过牛奶。） forget to do 忘记要做（未做） He forgot to call me.（他忘了打电话给我。） forget doing 忘记做过（已做但忘记） He forgot calling me.（他忘记给我打过电话。） 1．—I remember ________ the door when I left. —Yes, you did. But there is something wrong with the lock. A．locking B．lock C．locked D．to lock 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——我记得离开时锁了门。——是的，你锁了。但是锁有些问题。 考查非谓语动词。locking锁，动名词或现在分词；lock动词原形；locked动词过去式；to lock动词不定式。remember doing sth.表示“记得做过某事”；remember to do sth.表示“记得要做某事”。根据“Yes, you did.”可知，此处表示记得锁了门，空处用动名词形式。故选A。 2．Remember ________ the lights when you leave. A．turn on B．to turn on C．turn off D．to turn off 【答案】D 【详解】句意：你离开时记得关灯。 考查动词短语。turn on打开；turn off关上。remember to do sth.意为“记得去做某事”，remember doing sth.意为“记得做过某事”；根据“when you leave”可知此处指“记得关灯”，应用remember to do sth.这一结构，故选D。 3．Don’t forget ________ your pen with you, Mike. A．to take B．taking C．takes D．took 【答案】A 【详解】句意：Mike，不要忘了带上你的钢笔。 考查非谓语动词。forget doing sth.“忘记做过某事”；forget to do sth.“忘记要做某事”。结合语境可知“带上钢笔”这个动作还没有发生，forget后面选用动词不定式。故选A。 4．—Remember ________ water.            —OK. I ________. A． not waste; won’t B．don’t waste; don’t C．not to waste; won’t D．not to waste; don’t 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——记得不要浪费水。——好的，我将不会浪费。 考查不定式结构及祈使句的回答。考查短语“remember not to do sth”记得不要做某事；祈使句的动作通常是表示将来发生的动作，所以回答祈使句时，一般用will或won’t。第二空表达“我将不会浪费水”，应是won’t。故选C。 知识点10 population If you look at a population map of any country in the world, you will see that most people live close to water.如果你看一下世界上任何一个国家的人口地图，你会发现大多数人都住在水边。 population n. 人口；族群；具体用法如下： 1.population 常与定冠词the连用，作主语时，谓语动词常用第三人称单数形式。询问人口数量用句型： A.What is the population of…? 这是最常见的询问某地人口数量的句型。例如: What is the population of China?中国的人口是多少？ B.How large / how big is the population of…?这个句型也可以用来询问人口数量，其中“how large”和“how big”都可以用来形容人口规模的大小。例如: How large is the population of India? 印度的人口规模有多大？ C.How many people are there in…? 虽然不如前两个句型正式，但这个句型同样可以用来询问某个地方的人口数量。例如： How many people are there in New York City? 在纽约市有多少人？ 2.当主语是表示人口的百分之几、几分之几时，谓语动词用复数形式。 About seventy percent of the population in China are farmers.中国大约有百分之七十的人口是农民 3. 表示人口的“多”或“少”，不用much或little，要用large或small。 China has a large population. （中国人口众多。） 4.表示“某地/某一范围内有多少人口”时，用have/has a population of。 The village has a population of only 500 people. （这个村庄仅有500人。） 1．—________ is the population of India? —More than 1. 4 billion. India has got a ________ population than any other country in the world. A．How much; larger B．What; more C．How much; more D．What; larger 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——印度的人口是多少？——超过14亿。印度的人口比世界上任何其他国家都多。 考查特殊疑问句及形容词辨析。How much多少，询问不可数名词的数量；What什么；larger更大的；more更多的。根据“is the population of India”并结合选项可知，此处询问人口数量，应用句型“What’s the population of...?”；根据第二个空空后的“population”并结合选项可知，此处形容人口数量多，可以使用large，此处应用比较级形式larger。故选D。 2．The population of China _______ large. About four fifths of the population _______ farmers. A．is, are B．are, is C．are, are D．is, is 【答案】A 【详解】句意：中国的人口众多。大约五分之四的人口是农民。 考查主谓一致。population是集体名词，根据“large”可知主语The population of China指“中国的人口”，把人口看成一个整体，谓语应用单数形式，即be动词应用is；根据“farmers”可知主语About four fifths of the population可知此处强调的是人口的个体，谓语应用复数形式，即be动词应用are。故选A。 知识点11 role & at the end of At the end of the 18th century, water played a big role in the Industrial Revolution.18世纪末，水在工业革命中发挥了重要作用。 role n. 角色；地位；作用。 “play a big role in...”意为“在...发挥了重要作用”。同义表达为：play a big part in.../ make a big difference to...。 Technology played a big role（part） in improving modern healthcare. =Technology made a big difference to improving modern healthcare. 科技在改善现代医疗中发挥了重要作用。 At the end of ... 意为：在…结尾，在…末端 At the end of the movie, everyone clapped.（电影结束时，大家都鼓掌了。） At the end of the path, there is a small park.（小路的尽头有一个小公园。） 1．七中的老师们在这次活动中也发挥了重要作用。 Teachers in Number 7 Middle School also the activity. 【答案】 played an important part in 【详解】在……中发挥重要作用：play an important part in，根据语境可知，句子用一般过去时，动词用过去式。故填played；an；important；part；in。 2．在晚会结束的时候，她为大家唱了一首歌。 the evening party, she sang a song for us. 【答案】 At the end of 【详解】通过中英文句子对照可知，英文句子中需要翻译的部分是“在...结束的时候”，英文表达是at the end of，固定短语，注意句首字母要大写，故填At；the；end；of。 知识点12 as a result As a result, the cities that were close to water grew much larger.结果，靠近水的城市变得更大了。 "as a result" 是一个表示因果关系的连接词，意为 "因此，所以，结果"，用于连接前后两个具有因果关系的句子。 He studied hard. As a result, he passed the exam. 他努力学习。结果，他通过了考试。 "as a result of + 名词/动名词"（表原因，意为 "由于..."） The event was canceled as a result of bad weather.（由于天气恶劣，活动取消了。） 1．They played carelessly. _________, they lost the game. A．As a result of B．At the end C．As a result D．To the end 【答案】C 【详解】句意：他们漫不经心地玩。结果，他们输了这场比赛。A. As a result of“由于…的原因”，of是介词，后跟名词、代词等；B. At the end在末尾；C. As a result结果；通常放在句首，D. To the end到结果。故选C。 点睛：as a result of为短语介词，后跟名词、代词等，意为“由于…的原因”相当于because of；as a result为副词用法，意为“结果是”，后面内容指事情的结果。 知识点13 nearly Nearly all of these cities are on the coast or by rivers or lakes.几乎所有这些城市都位于沿海或河畔或湖畔。 nearly的基本含义：表示 "几乎，差不多"，强调接近某个状态或数量，但未完全达到。具体用法： 1. 修饰动词（表示动作或状态接近完成） 位置：通常位于实义动词前（be动词、情态动词或助动词后）。 She nearly fell when she tripped on the stairs.（她在楼梯上绊了一下，差点摔倒。） nearly finished reading this book.（我快读完这本书了。） 2. 修饰形容词或副词（表示程度接近） 位置：位于形容词/副词前。 The bottle is nearly empty.（瓶子几乎空了。） He ran nearly as fast as an athlete.（他跑得几乎和运动员一样快。） 3. 修饰数量或时间（表示接近具体数值） 位置：直接放在数字或时间前。 Nearly 100 people attended the meeting.（将近100人参加了会议。） It’s nearly midnight; we should leave now.（快半夜了，我们该走了。） 1．这本书有将近800页。 _______________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】The book has nearly 800 pages. 2．The skyscraper is so tall that it _____ touches the clouds. A. near B. closely C. nearly D. about 【答案】C 【详解】这道题考查的是副词的用法。根据题目的意思，这栋摩天大楼非常高，几乎要触到云层了。选项A "near" 表示在附近，不符合题意；选项B "closely" 表示紧密地，不符合题意；选项C "nearly" 表示几乎，符合题意；选项D "about" 表示关于，不符合题意。因此，正确答案是C "nearly"。 知识点14 This is because... & business This is because cities need water for people's homes, industry, business, tourism and leisure activities.这是因为城市需要水来满足人们的居住、工业、商业、旅游和休闲活动。 “This is because...”意为“这是因为...”。具体用法如下： 辨析 用法区别 例句 This is because+原因 直接解释前句原因 The population grew.（结果） This is because healthcare improved.（原因）人口增长了。这是因为医疗保健状况有所改善。  That's why + 结果 用已知原因引出结果，强调由前文原因导致的后果。 He never checks the weather forecast.（原因）That's why he got caught in the rain yesterday.（结果） （他从不看天气预报，这就是为什么他昨天淋雨了。） 口诀总结："Because" 后跟因，"Why" 后跟果要记清。前因后果用 "why"，前果后因 "because" 行。 business 意为“n. 商业，生意；商务”。 businessman: n. 商人 on business： 出差 none of one's business 与某人无关，不关某人的事 1．—What are you good at, Jeremy? —________. ________ I want to take part in the basketball game this year. A．Playing all kinds of balls; That's because B．Play all kinds of balls; That's why C．Playing all kinds of balls; That's why D．Play all kinds of balls; That's because 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——你擅长什么，杰里米？   ——打各种各样的球。这就是我今年想参加篮球比赛的原因。 分析句子结构可知，第一个空的答语应该是I’m good at playing all kinds of balls. 的省略句。因此排除B/D；其次“Playing all kinds of balls.”又是“I want to take part in the basketball game this year.”的原因，因此用That's why引导。故选C。 2.用that’s because/ that’s why 填空 ①.We put the plants by the window. ____________ they need sunlight to grow. 答案：This is because 解析：前句结果（把植物放在窗边），后句需解释原因（需要阳光）。This is because 用于说明原因，回答“为什么”。 ②.It rained heavily yesterday. ____________ the sports day was put off. 答案：This is why 解析：前句是原因（昨天下大雨），后句是结果（运动会推迟）。This is why 用于引出结果，意为“这就是为什么...”。 知识点15 duty & make sure It is now our duty to make sure we don't waste water or pollute it.现在我们有责任确保我们不浪费水或污染它。 duty：n.责任；义务 ①on/off duty（值班/下班） Nurses must stay on duty for 12 hours.（护士需连续值班12小时。） ② It is one’s duty to do sth. 做某事是某人的责任 It’s my duty to help him. 帮助他是我的责任。 make sure 意为“确保”。具体用法如下： ①. make sure + (that) 从句 用法：确保某动作完成或某状态存在（that 可省略）。 Please make sure (that) the door is locked.（请确保门已锁好。） ②. make sure to do sth 确保做某事 用法：提醒或要求某人必须做某事（强调动作本身）。 Make sure to turn off the lights before leaving.（离开前务必关灯。） ③. make sure of/about sth You should make sure about the terms before signing.（签约前需确认条款细节。） ④. make sure + 疑问词从句（where/when/how等） He made sure how the machine works.（他弄清了机器的运作方式。） 1．我认为保护环境是我们的责任。 I think our the environment. 【答案】 it’s duty to protect 【详解】根据英汉对照可知，空格处填“责任”和“保护”，duty“责任”，protect“保护”，由形容词物主代词our可知，our后面的空格处用名词。此句句型是It’s+名词+to do sth.“做某事是……”，故填it’s；duty；to；protect。 2．I'm not sure if I can be successful, but I can make sure_____. A．do my best B．to do my best C．doing my best D．did my best 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我不确定我是否可以成功，但是我一定会尽力。 考查动词短语。make sure to do sth.是固定搭配，表示“一定要做某事”，make sure后面应该使用不定式。故选B。 3.为确保有个健康的身体，我应该每天锻炼。 【答案】To make sure I have a healthy body, I should exercise every day. 【详解】make sure“确保”，此处用不定式结构表目的，I“我”，have“有”，a healthy body“一个健康的身体”，should“应该”，exercise“运动”，every day“每天”。故填To make sure I have a healthy body, I should exercise every day. Unit 6 知识点1 have something in common What do the pictures have in common？这些图片有什么共同之处？ have something in common 有相同的特点/特征 ①have a lot/much in common有很多共同之处 We have a lot in common.（我们有很多共同点。） ②have nothing/little in common 没有共同之处 They have nothing in common.（他们毫无共同之处。） ③ common adj. 意为：常见的；普遍的 如：common sense 常识 adj.意为：共有的；公共的 如： a common goal一个共同的目标 common ground共同立场 1．All these shows in the world have one thing ________. A．with the common B．in common C．for the common 【答案】B 【详解】句意：世界上所有的这些节目都有一个共同点。 考查介词短语。根据“All these shows in the world have one thing”可知，have sth. in common“在某方面有共同之处”。故选B。 2．Jackie Chan and Jet Li have much  ________. And they often play similar roles in the movies. A．in general B．in style C．in common D．in shape 【答案】C 【详解】句意：Jackie Chan 和 Jet Li有很多共同处，他们经常在电影中演相似的角色。in general  意为“一般来说”；in style意为“时髦”；in common意为“共同”；in shape意为“处于良好状态”。根据第二句话可知in common符合题意。故选C。 知识点2 electricity Why do you think electricity is important? 为什么你认为电对我们很重要？ electricity n. 电；电力 save electricity 节约用电 辨析electric/electrical/electronic 辨析 核心含义 搭配场景 electric adj.用电的；由电驱动的。指直接由电驱动或产生电的事物（物理层面的电）。 electric car电动汽车 electric kettles 电水壶 electrical adj.电力科学的，与电有关的。指与电相关的系统、技术或抽象应用（工程或功能层面）。 electrical system电气系统,  electrical appliance电器设备 electronic adj.电子的；电子设备的。依赖电子元件（如电路、芯片）或数字技术。 electronic device电子设备, electronic music电子音乐 快速记忆口诀：Electric：电驱动，直接带电；Electrical：电系统，工程覆盖；Electronic：电子芯，数字主宰。 1.He studied ________ engineering at university while his brother showed great interest in repairing ________ appliances such as ________ kettles. A．electric, electric, electrical B．electrical, electrical, electronic C．electronic, electric, electrical D．electrical, electrical, electric 【答案】D 【详解】句意：他在大学学习电气工程，而他的哥哥对修理电热水壶等电器表现出极大的兴趣。 考查形容词辨析。electric电的，带电的，用电的；electrical电的，与电有关的；electronic电子的。前两个空表示“与电有关的”，因此用electrical；第三个空修饰“kettle”，意为“电壶”，应用electric。故选D。 知识点3 task & try Then she gave us a special task to try living without electricity for a weekend.然后她给了我们一个特别的任务，让我们试着过一个没有电的周末。 task n. 任务；活动 give sb. a task(to do) 给某人一个(做某事的)任务 a task of doing sth. 一个做...的任务 complete/finish a task完成任务 短语 核心区别 例句 try to do sth. 努力/试图做某事（强调付出努力，结果可能成功或失败）。 She tried to finish her homework early. 她努力想早点完成作业。 try doing sth. 尝试做某事（强调用某种方法试试看效果，或建议某种解决方案）。 Try adding sugar if the coffee is bitter. 如果咖啡苦，试着加点糖。 try one’s best to do sth. 尽某人最大努力做某事 I’ll try my best to finish the task on time. 我会尽力按时完成任务的。 辨析 try to do sth. 和try doing sth. 1．—I tried ________ it out in this way, but I failed (失败)． —Why not ______ it in some other ways? A．to work; try doing B．to work; try to do C．working; to try to do D．to working; to try doing 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——我努力尝试用这种方法解决问题，但是我失败了。——为什么不试试其他方法呢？ 考查try短语用法。try to do sth，表示努力做某事，而try doing sth，表示试着做某事，同时why not do sth，表示为什么不做某事，表示建议，根据本题的语境，可知答案为A。 2．—What outdoor activity would you like to try? —I’d like to try ________. A．skating B．to skate C．skate D．skates 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——你想尝试什么户外活动？——我想尝试滑冰。 考查动词短语辨析。try有两种常见用法，try to do sth.意为“努力做某事”；try doing sth.意为“尝试做某事” 。根据问句“What outdoor activity would you like to try?”可知，这里强调尝试某种活动，所以用try doing sth.的结构，skate的动名词形式是skating，故选A。 3．Nobody answers the front door. Let me try (knock) at the back door. 【答案】knocking 【详解】句意：没有人应前门。让我试试敲后。根据“Let me try”可知，try doing表示“尝试做某事”。故填knocking。 4．We should learn from our teachers and try (be) better. 【答案】to be 【详解】句意：我们应该向老师学习，并尝试更好。try to do sth.意为“试着做某事”，故空处需动词不定式。故填to be。 知识点4 turn out However, it turned out that it was very hard to live without electricity.然而，事实证明，没有电是很难生活的。 turn out 表示“结果是，原来是”，使用如下： ①turn out+形容词 The cake turned out delicious.  蛋糕结果很美味。 ②turn out+不定式 She turned out to be a doctor. 她最终成了一位医生。 ③turn out+that从句 It turned out that they were friends. 原来他们是朋友。 1．The result______ that the man had nothing to do with this case. A．turned out B．turned around C．turned to D．turned off 【答案】A 【详解】句意：结果证明那个人与这件事毫无关系。A. turned out证明；B. turned around 转身，C. turned to转向；D. turned off关掉。结合句意可知，答案为A。 知识点5 while & run out of Instead, we played video games for a while, but then our tablet ran out of battery.取而代之的是，我们玩了一会儿电子游戏，但后来我们的平板电脑没电了。 while n. 表示“一段时间”,常与介词搭配，如 for a while（一会儿）、after a while（过了一阵子）。 run out of 意为“耗尽；用完”。 He ran out of patience.他的耐心耗尽了。 辨析run out of 和 run out 词条辨析 主语 结构 例句 run out of 人 人 + run out of + 物 I ran out of money.（我的钱用完了。） run out 物 物 + run out The money ran out.（钱用完了。） battery n. 电池 → batteries （复数） 1．Grace bought a lot of new clothes and ______ all her money. A．run out B．run out of C．ran of D．ran out of 【答案】D 【详解】句意：格瑞斯买了许多新衣服，花光了她所以的钱。A. run out  用完，不及物动词，不能带宾语；  B. run out of  用完，能接宾语；  C. ran of 是 run out过去式；  D. ran out of是run out of的过去式；根据bought可知是过去时态；故选D 2．His money ________ this morning. A．run out of B．ran out of C．run out D．ran out 【答案】D 【详解】句意：今天早上他的钱用完了。run out of表示用完；用完；人作主语；run out表示用完，物做主语，根据时间状语this morning可知用一般过去时态，这里是物做主语用run out。根据题意，故选D。 我想和你谈一会儿。 3. I’d like to speak to you . 【答案】 for a moment 【详解】for a moment表示“一会儿”，是介词短语，作时间状语，故填for；a；moment。 知识点6 since & go bad Since there wasn't any electricity, some things in the fridge quickly went bad.因为没有电，冰箱里的一些东西很快就坏了。 go bad 表示“变质”。go 在这里表示“变得（坏的方面）”，是系动词，不能用副词修饰。例：go mad 发疯 go wrong 出问题 since 在此句中作连词，意为“由于，既然”，引导原因状语从句，语气比because弱。另外，since还可以引导时间状语从句，意为“自从...”。 原因：Since you know the answer, tell me.（既然你知道答案，告诉我。） 时间：I’ve lived here since I was born.（自我出生就住在这里。） 1. 把牛奶放进冰箱里，否则它会变质的。 Put the milk into the , or it will . 【答案】 fridge go bad 【详解】冰箱：fridge，用名词单数；变质：go bad，will后加动词原形。故填fridge；go；bad。 知识点7 switch off switch off the lights when you leave home当你离开家时，请关掉那些灯. switch off：意为“关掉电源或设备”。（英式英语更常用，美式多用 turn off）。 Turn off / Switch off the TV if you’re not watching it. 如果你不看电视，请关闭/关闭电视。 辨析 含义 例句 switch off（同turn off） 关闭（电器） Switch off the TV before bed.（睡前关电视。） switch on（同turn on） 打开（电器） Switch on the lights, please.（请开灯。） 1.Please turn off the lights when you leave. We should save energy. A．look up B．tidy up C．take off D．switch off 【答案】D 【详解】句意：离开时请关灯。我们应该节约能源。 考查动词短语。look up查找；tidy up整理；take off起飞；switch off关掉。根据“the lights when you leave.”可知离开时应该关灯，turn off表示“关掉”。故选D。 2.（句子翻译）老师要求学生在考试期间关掉手机。 ____________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】The teacher asked the students to switch off their phones during the exam. 知识点8 instruction & electrical appliance Read the instructions carefully before you use a new electrical appliance.在你使用一个新的电器之前，请仔细阅读用法说明。 instruction n.用法说明；用法指南 electrical appliance 电器 instruct v. 教导，指导 instructor n. n. 指导者，导师 Follow the instructions carefully when you assemble the bookshelf. 组装书架时，请仔细遵循用法说明。 The driving instructor will instruct you how to park the car safely. 驾驶导师会指导你如何安全停车。 知识点9 joined in More than 2.2 million homes and businesses joined in. 超过220万家庭和企业加入了这一行列。 join in 动词加介词短语，意为“参加；加入”。通常指参加或加入某个活动、讨论、游戏等。 辨析take part in,join,join in,attend 词条 含义及用法 take part in 一般指积极地参加大型的集体性的活动、集会等，并发挥一定作用。如： How many countries will take part in the World Cup?有多少个国家要参加世界杯？ Are you going to take part in the discussion? 你打算参加那个讨论吗？ join 指加入到某团体、组织或某些人中，并成为其中一员。 如：She joined a health club. 她参加了一个健身俱乐部。 We both joined the Labor Party. 我们俩都加入了工党。 join in                     意思为“参加”，后面接的宾语一般是表示竞赛、娱乐、游戏等活动的名词或v. -ing.  如：Can I join in the game?我可以参加这个游戏吗？ They all join in singing the song. 他们一起唱这首歌。 attend                     一般指参加、出席会议、报告等活动，不强调参加者在活动中所起的作用。 如：Our teacher attended the meeting yesterday. 我们老师昨天参加了那个会议。 I have promised to attend her wedding. 我已经答应她去参加她的婚礼了。 1．The boys were playing football on the ground. Sandy didn’t want to ____________ them. A．take part in B．join C．join in D．attend 【答案】B 【详解】句意：男孩们正在操场上踢足球。Sandy不想加入他们。本题四个选项均有“参加”的意思。A选项take part in指参加某种活动，并在活动中扮演一定的角色；B选项join指加入组织、机构、团体等；C选项join in指加入小规模的活动，如“球赛、游戏”等；D选项attend常指参加或出席比较重要的场合，如会议、婚礼、葬礼等。根据语境可知“他们”是一个团体，故答案应选B项。 2．— Would you please ________ the meeting instead of me, Cindy? — I’ll be glad to, but I have an after-class activity to ________. A．join; attend B．take part in; join in C．attend; take part in D．attend; join 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——辛迪，你能代替我去参加会议吗？——我很乐意，但是我有一个课后活动要参加。 考查动词辨析。attend参加，出席；take part in参加（活动）；join参加（组织）；join in参加（活动）。根据“the meeting”可知，出席会议，attend符合句意；再者根据“have an after-class activity”可知，参加活动，take part in符合句意，故选C。 二、选词填空 用take part in, join, join in或attend的适当形式填空。 1．He the English club last term. 2．Why didn't you Jim's party yesterday? 3．Many very important people will the meeting tomorrow. 4．They will the contest. 【答案】1．joined 2．take part in 3．attend 4．join in 【解析】1．句意：他上学期加入了英语俱乐部。join指加入某党派、某组织或某社会团体，成为其成员之一。根据时间状语last term判断，句子的时态为一般过去时，故答案为joined。 2．句意：你昨天为什么不参加吉姆的晚会呢？take part in指参加会议或群众性活动等，往往指参加者持积极态度。助动词didn’t后跟动词原形，故答案为take part in。 3．句意：许多非常重要的人将参加明天的会议。attend指参加会议、典礼；去上学、听课、听报告等。will后跟动词原形，故答案为attend。 4．句意：他们将参加比赛。join in多指参加小规模的活动，如球赛、游戏、比赛等等，will后跟动词原形，故答案为join in。 知识点10 amount & power The same amount of electricity could power thousands of computers or television sets for an hour.同样的电量可以为数千台电脑或电视机供电一小时。 amount：n. n. 金额；数量(用于不可数名词)，the amount of...意为“......的数量”。 辨析the amount of/ the number of; an amount of/ a number of 短语 修饰对象 含义 主谓一致 例句 a number of 可数名词复数 许多（≈ many） 复数动词 A number of students are studying here.  （许多学生在此学习。） the number of 可数名词复数 ...的数量（强调总数） 单数动词 The number of students is increasing.  （学生数量在增加。） an amount of 不可数名词 一定量的（≈ some） 单数动词 An amount of money was donated.  （捐了一笔钱。） the amount of 不可数名词 ...的总量（强调具体量） 单数动词 The amount of water is limited.  （水的总量有限。） power v. 驱动；推动 power 作名词，意为“动力；能量；权利”。如：solar power 太阳能。 形容词为powerful，意为“ 有权力的；强有力的；强壮的”。 1.In our school library, there ________ a number of books on science and the number of them is growing larger and larger. A．is B．are C．has D．have 【答案】B 【详解】句意：在我们学校的图书馆里，有许多关于科学的书，而且它们的数量越来越多。 考查there be句型。there be后跟名词，表示“某地有某物/某人”，若名词是单数，则用is；若名词是复数，则用are。根据there be句型的“就近原则”可知，本句主语是a number of books，表复数，所以be动词用are。故选B。 2．A(n) ________ of experts are looking into the matter and finding out the cause of it will take a certain ________ of time. A．number; amount B．number; amounts C．amount; amount D．amount; number 【答案】A 【详解】句意：许多专家正在调查此事，找出原因需要一定的时间。 考查固定短语。a number of“许多”，修饰可数名词的复数形式；an amount of“许多”，修饰不可数名词。第一空修饰复数名词“experts”，用a number of；第二空修饰不可数名词“time”，用an amount of。故选A。 3．The old farmer is counting ______ money and _______ cows he had. A．the amount of, the number of B．an amount of, a number of C．the number of, the amount of D．a number of , an amount of 【答案】A 【详解】句意：那位老农民正在数钱的数量和他拥有的牛的数量。the amount of…表示……的数量；a number of表示许多，大量；the number of…表示……的数目。根据题意，故选A。 4．The Internet is growing very fast, and may become ________ than printing. A．the most powerful B．much powerful C．more powerful D．powerful 【答案】C 【详解】句意：互联网发展非常迅速，可能会比印刷术更有影响力。 考查形容词比较级。the most powerful最强大的，形容词最高级；much powerful非常强大；more powerful更强大的，形容词比较级；powerful强大的，形容词原级。根据“may become…than printing”可知，此处应用形容词的比较级。故选C。 知识点11 as well It will be even more fun if you ask your friends, family and classmates to join as well.如果你邀请你的朋友、家人和同学加入，那会更有趣。 as well 意为“也”,常用于肯定句句末。 辨析too, also, as well, either 词条 用法 例句 too 位于肯定句句末，其前用逗号隔开。 I like reading, and I like music too. 我喜欢阅读，也喜欢音乐。 also： 位于句中。be动词、助动词之后，行为动词之前。 He is a teacher, and he is also a writer. 他是一名老师，也是一名作家。 as well 位于肯定句句末，其前不用逗号隔开。 She enjoys painting, and she loves singing as well. 她喜欢画画，也喜欢唱歌。 either 位于否定句句末，其前用逗号隔开。 I don’t like coffee, and I don’t like tea ,either. 我不喜欢咖啡，也不喜欢茶。 选词填空 1．Peter is good at English. You do well in it . (too/also/either/as well) 【答案】as well 【详解】句意：Peter擅长英语。你也同样擅长。用于肯定句句末且无逗号隔开，用as well表示“也”。故填as well。 2．You are able to join us in the hiking this Saturday. (too/also/either/as well) 【答案】also 【详解】句意：这周六你也可以加入我们的徒步旅行。在肯定句的句中常用“also”来表示“也”的意思。故填also。 3．Alice can dance well. Peter can dance well, . (too/also/either/as well) 【答案】too 【详解】句意：爱丽丝跳舞跳得很好。彼得跳舞也跳得很好。too，also，either和as well都表示“也”。too用于肯定句句末，一般和前面用逗号隔开；also一般用于肯定句句中；either一般用于否定句句末；as well一般用于肯定句句末。此句是肯定句，空处位于句末，前面有逗号，用too。故填too。 4．Sally can’t work out this problem. I can’t, . (too/ also/ either/ as well) 【答案】either 【详解】句意：Sally无法解决这个问题，我也不能。根据“Sally can’t work out this problem. I can’t”可知，两句均为否定句，需either“也”，用于否定句，放于末尾。故填either。 知识点12 connect We need to make sure that the cables are connected correctly before we turn on the device.在我们打开设备之前，我们需要确保电缆连接正确。 connect v.(使)连接 ①connect ...to 把...连接到；相连 The USB cable connects the camera to the computer. ②connect ...with把……与……联系起来 The author connected the story with real historical events. ③be connected with/ to与……相连/联系 All your festivals seem to be connected with history. 1．首先，把显示器、键盘与电脑连接。 First, the screen and the keyboard the computer. 【答案】 connect to 【详解】固定搭配connect…to“使得与……连接”。结合语境，该句是祈使句，用动词原形。故填connect；to。 2．街道下的电缆与一个发电站相连接。 Cables under the street a power station. 【答案】are connected to 【详解】根据题干可知，be connected to与……连接，是固定搭配。句子是一般现在时，主语是复数，be动词用are。故填are connected to。 Grammar Unit 5: 谈论数量 1.修饰可数名词和不可数名词皆可 a lot of / lots of/a quantity of/plenty of no some/any enough 许多 没有 一些/点 足够的 enough+名词（可数/不可数） 足够的 I have enough apples and enough money. not enough (不够）+ 名词 不够的 I don’t have enough apples or enough money. 形容词+enough 足够地 He didn’t study hard enough. 2.只能修饰可数名词或者修饰不可数名词 修饰可数名词 a few few many too few too many how many 修饰不可数名词 a little little much too little too much how much 词义 一些 几乎没有 许多 太少 太多 多少 How much 其他特殊用法： （1）询问价格 How much is + 不可数名词 例如：How much is the milk？ How much are + 可数名词复数 例如：How much are the apples？ （2）询问重量 -How much does the boy weigh? 这个男孩有多重？ -Sixty kilos. 六十公斤。 （3）询问数字计算结果，相当于what －How much is ten plus ten? 十加十等于多少？ 区别：too much，too many 和much too too much + 不可数名词 太多的 We have too much work to do. much too + 形容词/副词 太.... You are much too kind to me. too many + 可数名词 太多的 There are too many people here. 1.The meat is ______ expensive and eating _______ meat is bad for your health. A．too much; much too B．much too; too much C．too much; too much D．much too; much too 【答案】B 【详解】句意：肉太贵了，吃太多的肉对你的健康有害。 考查短语辨析。too much太多，修饰不可数名词；much too太，修饰形容词或副词。因为expensive是形容词，所以应该用much too修饰；因为meat是不可数名词，所以应该用too much修饰。故选B。 2．Don’t worry. We still have ________ minutes left. A．a little B．few C．little D．a few 【答案】D 【详解】句意：别担心。我们还有几分钟。 考查代词。a little一点，修饰不可数名词；few很少的，修饰可数名词；little很少的，修饰不可数名词；a few一些，修饰可数名词复数。根据“Don’t worry.”可知，是指还有几分钟，又因为minutes是可数名词复数，所以用a few修饰，故选D。 3．I am making ________ tea. Would you like ________? A．some; any B．any; some C．some; some D．any; any 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我正在泡茶。你要来点吗？ 考查形容词辨析。some一些，若干，常用于肯定句中，有时也用于疑问句，表示说话者希望对方给予肯定的回答或接受邀请或者料想对方会作肯定的回答，也可表示建议；any一些，若干，常用于否定句、疑问句和条件句中。根据“I am making…tea.”可知，在肯定句中应用some来表示“一些，若干”；根据“Would you like…?”可知此处是希望对方给予肯定的回答，因此也应用some指代some tea而不用any。故选C。 4．—________ oranges do we need to make fruit salad (水果沙拉)? —Three should be enough (足够). A．How often B．How much C．How many D．How long 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——做水果沙拉需要多少橙子？——三个应该就够了。 考查特殊疑问句。How often多久一次；How much多少钱，多少（提问不可数名词数量）；How many多少（提问复数名词数量）；How long多长。根据答句“Three should be enough (足够).”可判断是对数量进行提问，且oranges是复数名词，故选C。 5．I paid ¥10 for ________ this morning. A．four bottle milks B．four bottles of milk C．four bottles of milks D．four milk 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我今天早上花了10元买了四瓶牛奶。 考查名词短语。milk为不可数名词，没有复数形式，排除A和C选项；bottle为可数名词，其前有four修饰，应用复数形式bottles，且不可数名词milk与量词短语four bottles连用时，其前应加介词of，排除D选项。故选B。 6．About ________ of the students in our class ________ girls. A．two thirds; are B．two thirds; is C．two third; are D．two third; is 【答案】A 【详解】句意：在我们班大约三分之二的学生是女孩子。 考查分数的表达。根据“About...of the students”可知，此处指大约三分之二的学生。分数的表达法：分子用基数词，分母用序数词，当分子超过一，分母用复数，two thirds表示“三分之二”。主语“two thirds of the students”是复数，谓语动词用复数are。故选A。 7．—There is ________ milk in the fridge. Let’s go and buy ________ back, Mum. —OK. Let’s go shopping this afternoon. A．few; some B．a few; many C．little; some D．a little; much 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——冰箱里几乎没有牛奶了。妈妈，我们去买一些回来吧。——好的。今天下午我们去购物吧。 考查不定代词。few几乎没有，修饰可数名词复数；a few一点，修饰可数名词复数；little几乎没有，修饰不可数名词；a little一点，修饰不可数名词；some一些，既可修饰可数名词复数也可修饰不可数名词；many很多，修饰可数名词复数；much很多，修饰不可数名词。根据“milk”可知，空一处修饰不可数名词，排除AB选项；由“Let’s go and buy ... back, Mum.”可知，空一处表示否定含义，表示几乎没有，用little修饰，排除D选项。故选C。 8．There is ________ bread at home. Would you please get ________ for us? A．no; some B．not; some C．few; some D．little; any 【答案】A 【详解】句意：家里没有面包了。你能帮我们拿一些吗？ 考查代词辨析。no没有，用作形容词；not没有，用作副词；few几乎没有，修饰可数名词复数；some一些；little几乎没有，修饰不可数名词；any一些，用于否定句和疑问句中。根据“Would you please get”可知，家里没有面包，no符合句意；根据“Would you please”可知，是请求的语气，some符合句意；故选A。 9．—________ is your T-shirt, Kate? —It’s seven dollars. A．How much B．How many C．How old 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——你的T恤多少钱，Kate？——70美元。 考查特殊疑问句。how much多少钱；how many多少个；how old多大。根据“It’s seven dollars.”可知问句是对价格的询问，用how much引导的特殊疑问句。故选A。 10．The man has ________ friends in this city, so he often stays at home. A．a few B．few C．little D．a little 【答案】B 【详解】句意：那个男人在这座城市几乎没有朋友，所以他经常待在家里。a few一些，修饰可数名词；few几乎没有，修饰可数名词；little很少的，修饰不可数名词；a little一点儿，修饰不可数名词；根据so he often stays at home可知他经常待在家里，应是几乎没有朋友，修饰可数名词friends，用few，故选B。 二、选词填空 选择little，few，a little，a few，many，much填空 1．—Would you like some juice? —Yes, just . 2．The question is so difficult that very students in our class can answer it. 3．He made so mistakes in his writings. 4．Could I have words with you, Miss Brown? 5．Nobody likes speaking to him, because he does for other students. 6．Middle school students always have too homework to do. 【答案】1．a little 2．few 3．many 4．a few 5．little 6．much 【分析】1．句意：——你想喝点果汁吗？——是的，就来一点。根据“Yes, just”可知，就需要一点点，修饰不可数名词juice，要用a little，故填a little。 2．句意：这道题太难了，我们班几乎没有学生能回答出来。根据“The question is so difficult”可知，太难了没有学生答出来，表否定意义，修饰可数名词students，要用few，故填few。 3．句意：他在写作中犯了很多错误。根据“so… mistakes”可知，此处表示如此之多的错误，修饰复数名词mistakes，要用many，故填many。 4．句意：布朗小姐，我能和你说几句话吗？根据“Could I have … words with you”可知，询问能说几句话吗，表示“一些”，且修饰可数名词words，要用a few，故填a few。 5．句意：没有人喜欢和他说话，因为他为其他学生做的很少。根据“Nobody likes speaking to him”可知，为其他学生做的少，所以没人喜欢和他说话，故填little。 6．句意：中学生总是有太多的作业要做。根据“too … homework”可知，此处指太多的作业，修饰不可数名词homework要用too much表示“太多”，故填much。 Grammar Unit 6: 情态动词 情态动词 用 法 例 句 can和could (1) 表示能力，意为“能；会”，could用作can的过去式 She can drive, but she can’t ride a bike. 她会开车，但不会骑自行车。 She couldn’t speak Chinese when she came to our school last year. 去年她刚来我们学校时还不会说中文。 (2) 表示请求、许可，意为“可以”，两者皆可用，此时的could并不表示过去，只是语气比can更委婉 You can go there now. 你可以现在去那儿。 — Can/Could I use your bicycle? 我可以用你的自行车吗？ — Yes, of course you can. 当然可以。（允许对方时，不可用could应答） (3) 表示客观可能性或推测，意为“可能”，can常用于否定句和疑问句中；could并不表示过去，只是表示可能性小，多用于肯定句和否定句中 The girl in the classroom can’t be Mary. She has gone to the library. 教室里的女孩不可能是玛丽，她去图书馆了。 He could be in London. 他可能在伦敦。 must和 have to (1) must表示“必须”，否定式mustn’t表示“禁止；不准；不允许” I must finish the work today. 我必须今天完成工作。 Cars mustn’t be parked here. 此处禁止停车。 (2) must表示非常肯定的猜测，意为“一定；准是”，只用于肯定句。在否定句和疑问句中用can’t，表示“不可能” He must be at home. The light is on. 他一定在家，灯亮着呢。 He can’t be at home. He is on business. 他不可能在家，他出差了。 (3) have to意为“必须；不得不”，表示客观实际的需要，有人称和时态的变化；must表示说话人主观上的看法，即主观上的必要，无人称和时态的变化 If he misses the last bus, he will have to walk home. 如果他错过末班车，他将不得不走回家。（表示客观实际） You must stop smoking. 你必须戒烟。（表示主观意愿） (4) 否定式don’t have to表示“不必”，mustn’t表示“禁止；不准” — Must I finish all the work today? 我必须今天完成全部工作吗？ — Yes, you must. / No, you don’t have to. / No, you needn’t. 是的，必须。/ 不，不必。 You mustn’t stop your car here. 此处禁止停车。 may may，后接动词原形。过去式是 might。其用法如下： ① 表示请求或允许，意思“可以”。在不太正式的情况下，可以跟 can 互换。② 表示不太肯定的猜测，意思“有可能”。③. 表示祝愿或希望 正式表达祝福或希望。 May I borrow your pen?我可以借你的笔吗？ It may rain later.稍后可能会下雨。 May you succeed!祝你成功！ 1.You ________ eat in the classroom. A．don’t B．can’t C．not D．no 【答案】B 【详解】句意：你不能在教室里吃东西。 考查情态动词。don’t助动词，构成否定句；can’t不能，不可以；not表示否定；no不，没有。根据“You...eat in the classroom.”可知此处表达不能在教室里吃东西，can’t意为“不能”，符合句意，故选B。 2．We should ________ water for the animals in the zoo. A．provide B．provides C．provided D．providing 【答案】A 【详解】句意：我们应该为动物园里的动物提供水。 考查情态动词。provide提供，动词原形；provides提供，第三人称单数形式；provided提供，过去式；providing提供，现在分词。根据空格前“should”是情态动词，后接动词原形可知，此处应该填入动词原形。故选A。 3．She ________ get up early to catch the first bus. A．have to B．has to C．having to D．to have to 【答案】B 【详解】句意：她必须早起才能赶上第一班公交车。 考查主谓一致和情态动词的用法。主语“She”是第三人称单数，谓语动词需用单数形式“has to”，表示“必须”。故选B。 4．—Must I finish my homework now? —No, you ________. You can do it tomorrow. A．mustn’t B．can’t C．needn’t D．shouldn’t 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——我必须现在完成作业吗？——不，你不必。你可以明天做。 考查情态动词的用法。mustn’t禁止；can’t不能；needn’t不必；shouldn’t不应该。对“must I...”开头的一般疑问句进行否定回答，应是“No, you don’t have to/needn’t.”。故选C。 5．—Excuse me, ________ you show me the way to the Jiajia Hotel? —Sorry, I am new here. A．should B．must C．could D．may 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——打扰一下，您能告诉我到佳佳酒店的路吗？——抱歉，我是新来的。 考查情态动词的用法。should应该；must必须；could能够，常用于礼貌地请求帮助；may可能。根据语境，此处是礼貌地请求对方帮助，故选用could。故选C。 6．Excuse me, sir. You ________ open the door before the taxi stops. A．mustn’t B．needn’t C．may not D．don’t have to 【答案】A 【详解】句意：对不起，先生。在出租车停下来之前，您不能开门。 考查情态动词的用法。mustn’t不准，禁止；needn’t不必，较主观；may not可能不会；don’t have to不必，不需要，较客观。根据“before the taxi stops.”及常识可知，车停下来之前“禁止”开车门。故选A。 7．—Is that man Mr. Wang? —No, it _______ be him. He is on a tour of Macao now. A．can’t B．must C．may 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——那个男人是王先生吗？ ——不，不可能是他。他现在正在澳门旅行。 考查情态动词。can’t不可能；must肯定；may可能。根据“He is on a tour of Macao now”可知，此处表示不可能是他。表示否定推测用can’t。故选A。 8．—Mum, may I play basketball? —Yes, dear, but remember that you ________ finish your homework first. A．may B．can C．must D．ought 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——妈妈，我可以打篮球吗？——是的，亲爱的，但是记住你必须先完成作业。 考查情态动词。may可能；can可以；must必须；ought应该。根据“but remember that you ...finish your homework first.”可知此处强调必要性。故选C。 9．— ________ you play tennis two years ago? — No, but I ________ play it quite well now. A．Could; can B．Do; can C．Did; could D．Can; could 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——两年前你会打网球吗？——不，但我现在可以打得很好。 考查情态动词的用法。can表示现在的能力；could表示过去的能力。第一空，根据“two years ago”可知，说的是过去的能力，用could；第二空，根据“now”可知，说的是现在的能力，用can。故选A。 10．—Excuse me. ________ I come in? —Sure. Come in here. A．Do B．Did C．Will D．May 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——对不起，我可以进来吗？——当然。进来。 考查情态动词。根据“Sure. Come in here.”允许进来；可知此处用may表“请求”。故选D。 基础通关练（测试时间：10分钟） 1、 单项选择 1．It is ________ exciting news for the students, because they will have ________ homework. A．such an; so few B．so; such few C．such; so little D．so; such little 2．Although juice is delicious, I don’t drink too ________ of it because it can cause tooth problems. A．many B．little C．much D．few 3．We only have ________ meat left. Let’s go to the supermarket to buy some. A．a little B．a few C．many D．enough 4．These flowers smell ________, but there are only ________ left in the garden. I’d like some more. A．good; a little B．well; little C．good; a few D．well; few 5．— Would you like some wine? — Yes. Just ________. A．little B．very little C．a little D．little bit 6．I don’t have ________ money to buy this new phone. A．many B．much C．a few D．enough 7．—________ we go to the lab this afternoon? —No, you can’t. The lab is closed today. A．Can B．Must C．May D．Should 8．— ________  I use your pen? —Sorry, I’m using it now. A．Can B．Must C．May D．Need 9．Mum says we ________ go outdoors during a storm. It’s dangerous. A．can B．should C．must D．mustn’t 10．—Could you go to the cinema with me tonight? —Sorry, I ________. I have to prepare for the test. A．can’t B．couldn’t C．needn’t D．mustn’t 11．—________ I watch TV now? —No, you ________. You ________ finish your homework first. A．Can; can’t; must B．Must; can’t; can C．Can; mustn’t; must D．Must; mustn’t; can 12．—Can you show me how to get to Wuhan Polar Ocean Park? — ________. Follow me, I’ll lead you there. A．Not at all B．My pleasure C．No problem D．You’re welcome 13．—________ you tell me something about electricity? —Sure! A．Can B．Must C．May D．Need 14．—Mum, ________ I watch TV this afternoon? —Sure. But you must finish your homework first. A．must B．can C．need D．should 15．We _________ run in the hallway. It’s one of our school rules. A．mustn’t B．have to C．can D．may 解析： 1．C 【详解】句意：对学生来说这是一个如此令人兴奋的消息，因为他们将会有如此少的作业。 news是不可数名词，前面不能用不定冠词an，排除A；such修饰名词或“形容词+名词”，so修饰形容词或副词，第一空修饰exciting news，应用such，排除B、D；homework是不可数名词，应用little修饰，few修饰可数名词，且so修饰little表示程度。应填such；so little。 2．C 【详解】句意：虽然果汁味道很好，但我不会喝太多，因为过多饮用果汁可能会导致牙齿问题。 考查词义辨析。many许多，修饰可数名词复数；little几乎没有，修饰不可数名词；much许多，修饰不可数名词；few几乎没有，修饰可数名词复数。根据“Although juice is delicious, I don’t drink too ... of it because it can cause tooth problems.”可知，不会喝太多果汁，it指代不可数名词“juice”。故选C。 3．A 【详解】句意：我们只剩下一点肉了。我们去超市买一些吧。 a little一点（修饰不可数名词，表示肯定意义）；a few一些（修饰可数名词复数）；many许多（修饰可数名词复数）；enough足够。根据“Let’s go to the supermarket to buy some”（我们去超市买一些吧）可知，剩下的肉很少，但并非完全没有；meat为不可数名词，应用a little。 4．C 【详解】句意：这些花闻起来很香，但花园里只剩下几朵了。我还想要一些。 考查形容词辨析和代词辨析。good好的；well健康的。根据“These flowers smell...”可知，花闻起来很香，用good。a little有一点，修饰不可数名词；little几乎没有，修饰不可数名词；a few有一点，修饰可数名词复数；few几乎没有，修饰可数名词复数。根据“but there are only ... left in the garden. I’d like some more.”可知，只剩下几朵了，还想要一些，表达肯定含义，修饰可数名词复数，用a few。故选C。 5．C 【详解】句意：——你想喝点酒吗？——是的。只一点点。 考查短语辨析。 little几乎没有，强调否定含义；very little非常少，同样带有否定或不足的语气，不适用于肯定答复；a little一点，用于肯定句，表示少量的肯定；little bit稍微，有点儿。根据“Yes.”可知，此处表示接受，但只想要少量。故选C。 6．D 【详解】句意：我没有足够的钱买这部新手机。 many许多（修饰可数名词复数）；much许多（修饰不可数名词）；a few一些（修饰可数名词复数）；enough足够的。根据“to buy this new phone”可知，缺乏的是足够的钱；money为不可数名词，且表示“足够的钱”应用enough。 6．B 【详解】句意：当我们的手湿的时候，我们禁止用电，因为它可能会引起触电。 mustn’t表示禁止、绝不可以；can表示客观可能、会；can’t不能；may not可能不；needn’t不必。根据“We...use electricity when our hands are wet”可知，湿手用电是危险行为，表示“禁止”，第一空应用 mustn’t；根据“because it... cause a shock”可知，此处表示理论上的可能性，第二空应用can。 7．A 【详解】句意：——今天下午我们能去实验室吗？——不，你们不能。实验室今天关闭了。 Can能，可以；Must必须；May可以，可能；Should应该。根据答语“No, you can’t.”可知，问句是由Can引导的一般疑问句，询问许可或可能性，与答语中的can’t相对应。Must的否定回答通常用needn’t；Should的否定回答通常用shouldn’t。 8．C 【详解】句意：——我可以用你的钢笔吗？——抱歉，我现在正在用。 Can能；Must必须；May可以；Need需要。根据“sorry, I’m using it now.”可知，答语是礼貌的拒绝对方的请求，说明问句是在请求许可，May常用于第一人称疑问句，它是典型的“请求许可”，而can偏口语化，没有May语气委婉。应填May。 9．D 【详解】句意：妈妈说暴风雨期间我们绝对不能外出，这很危险。 can能够；should应该；must必须；mustn’t禁止。根据“It’s dangerous”可知暴风雨外出存在危险，语气表明明令禁止，mustn’t侧重严禁做某事，符合语境。 10．A 【详解】句意：——你今晚能和我一起去看电影吗？——对不起，我不能。我必须为考试做准备。 can’t不能；couldn’t不能（过去式）；needn’t不必；mustn’t禁止。问句“Could you...?”表示委婉的请求，并非过去时态，其否定回答应用can’t，表示现在不能。 11．A 【详解】句意：——我现在可以看电视吗？——不，你不能。你必须先完成作业。 考查情态动词。 can能，可以；can’t不能；must必须；mustn’t禁止。根据“…I watch TV now?”可知，此处是希望得到对方允许，应用can。而根据“No...you...finish your homework first.”可知，此处是拒绝对方的请求，强调必须首先完成作业，所以用can’t和must。故选A。 12．C 【详解】句意：——你能告诉我怎么去武汉极地海洋公园吗？——没问题。跟我来，我带你去那里。 问句是请求帮助，答语表示同意。Not at all常用于回答感谢或道歉；My pleasure和You’re welcome 常用于回答感谢；No problem常用于答应请求。根据语境可知此处是答应请求。 13．A 【详解】句意：——你能告诉我一些关于电的事情吗？——当然！ Can能，可以；Must必须；May可以，可能；Need需要。根据答语“Sure!”可知，此处是在提出请求，“Can you...?”常用于委婉地提出请求，符合语境。 14．B 【详解】句意：——妈妈，今天下午我可以看电视吗？——当然可以。但是你必须先完成作业。 must必须；can可以；need需要；should应该。根据答句“Sure”可知，询问的是“是否可以”，应用can表示请求许可，应填can。 15．A 【详解】句意：我们在走廊里禁止奔跑。这是我们的校规之一。 mustn’t禁止；have to不得不；can能；may可以。根据“It’s one of our school rules.”可知，在走廊奔跑是违反校规的危险的行为，此处表示禁止做某事，应填mustn’t。 二、完成句子 16．我在这个城市里有几个朋友。 I have ________ ________ friends in this city. 17．The boys had a lot of practice before the game. (改为否定句) The boys ________ have ________ practice before the game. 18．冰箱里的鸡蛋太少了，所以我们得买一些。 There are ________ eggs in the fridge, so we have to buy some. 19．There is a little water in the bottle. (改为同义句) There is ________ ________ water in the bottle. 20．The animals are a little lazy so I don’t like them. (改为同义句) The animals are ________ ________ lazy so I don’t like them. 解析：16． a few 【详解】根据英汉句子可知，空格处缺少“几个”的英文。“几个”可译为“a few”，后接可数名词复数，friends为可数名词复数，故填a few符合语境。故填a；few。 17． didn’t much 【详解】句意：男孩们在比赛前进行了大量练习。原句改为否定句后为“男孩们在比赛前没有进行大量练习”。原句是一般过去时，变否定句需借助助动词“didn’t”；“a lot of” (大量) 在否定句中修饰不可数名词“practice”可用“much”替换。故填didn’t；much。 18．too few 【详解】根据汉语提示可知，空处所缺内容为“太少了”，eggs是可数名词复数，too few用于修饰可数名词复数，表示“太少”。故填too few。 19． not much 【详解】句意：瓶子里有一点水。改为同义句，water为不可数名词，a little“一点儿”可以用not much“不多”替换，故填not；much。 20． a bit 【详解】句意：动物们有一点儿懒，所以我不喜欢它们。原句用短语a little表示“有一点儿”，此处可以同义转换为a bit。故填a；bit。 重难突破练（测试时间：20分钟） 一、完形填空 （25-26七年级下·广东广州·期中） A drop of rain falls from a cloud and then runs into a small river. The small river 1 it to a big river. Then the raindrop travels far to the east into the 2 . Then the water of the raindrop is at the top of the sea. As the 3 makes it very warm, it changes into vapour. The vapour leaves the sea and goes up into the air. The vapour from the rain drop move s with the warm air to the north. On the way the warm air 4 some cold air. The cold air makes the warm air move 5 above the ground. The warm air becomes 6 when it goes up, and the vapour in it changes into very small drops of water again. There are millions and millions of these small drops in a 7 . The small drops come together into bigger and bigger drops. Our raindrop is one of them. Then the drop 8 so big that it is too 9 to stay in the cloud, and it falls to the ground. In this way, the water of our raindrop starts 10 to the sea again. 1．A．drops B．carries C．runs D．lets 2．A．lake B．river C．air D．sea 3．A．water B．sun C．air D．earth 4．A．meets B．takes C．sees D．brings 5．A．tall B．high C．wide D．deep 6．A．warm B．small C．cool D．big 7．A．cloud B．air C．sky D．sea 8．A．comes B．changes C．becomes D．falls 9．A．big B．heavy C．small D．light 10．A．dropping B．falling C．staying D．traveling 解析：1．B 2．D 3．B 4．A 5．B 6．C 7．A 8．C 9．B 10．D 【导语】本文是一篇科普类文章，主要讲述了雨水从云层中落下，经过河流、海洋，再蒸发成水蒸气，最终又形成雨滴回到地面的循环过程。 1．句意：小溪将它带到一条大河。 drops 掉落；carries 携带；runs 跑；lets 让。根据“The small river...it to a big river”可知，小溪将雨水带到一条大河。故选B。 2．句意：然后雨滴向东流入大海。 lake 湖；river 河；air 空气；sea 海。根据“Then the water of the raindrop is at the top of the sea”可知，应是雨滴最终进入大海。故选D。 3．句意：由于太阳使它变得非常温暖，它变成了水蒸气。 water 水；sun 太阳；air 空气；earth 地球。根据“...makes it very warm, it changes into vapour”可知，应是太阳使水变暖。故选B。 4．句意：在路上，暖空气遇到了一些冷空气。 meets 遇到；takes 拿；sees 看见；brings 带来。根据“the warm air...some cold air”可知，应是暖空气遇到冷空气。故选A。 5．句意：冷空气使暖空气向地面高处移动。 tall 高；high 高；wide 宽；deep 深。根据“The warm air becomes... when it goes up”可知，暖空气向高处移动。故选B。 6．句意：暖空气上升时变得凉爽，其中的水蒸气再次变成小水滴。 warm 温暖；small 小；cool 凉爽；big 大。根据“The warm air becomes....when it goes up, and the vapour in it changes into very small drops of water again”可知，水蒸气液化成小水滴，说明暖空气上升时变凉。故选C。 7．句意：云中有数百万个这样的小水滴。 cloud 云；air 空气；sky 天空；sea 海。根据“There are millions and millions of these small drops in a...”可知，小水滴在云中。故选A。 8．句意：水滴变得如此之大，以至于太重而无法留在云中。 comes 来；changes 改变；becomes 变得；falls 掉落。根据“Then the drop...so big that ....”可知，水滴变得太大。故选C。 9．句意：水滴变得如此之大，以至于太重而无法留在云中。 big 大；heavy 重；small 小；light 轻。根据“so big that it is too...to stay in the cloud”可知，应是水滴变得太重而无法留在云中。故选B。 10．句意：这样，我们的雨滴的水又开始了大海之旅。 dropping 掉落；falling 掉落；staying 停留；traveling 旅行。根据“A drop of rain falls from a cloud and then runs into a small river....Then the raindrop travels far to the east into the”和“In this way, the water of our raindrop starts to....the sea again”可知，雨滴的水再次开始了大海之旅。故选D。 二、短文填空 阅读下面短文，根据语境或所给单词的提示，在每个空格中填入不多于两个恰当的词，要求所填的词意义准确、形式正确，使短文意思完整、行文连贯。 Everyone needs water, and every drop is important. 1 March 22nd, World Water Day draws attention to the importance of water in our lives, the problems many people have getting clean water, 2 solutions (解决方法) to these problems. Up to 60% of  the human body is water, and we need to drink lots of water to be 3 (health) . Like needing clean water to drink, we need it for 4 (cook) , washing and brushing our teeth. 5 (farm) use water to make the plants grow. We also use a lot of water to make clothes. Do you know that it takes about 2, 700 6 (kilo) of water to make one T-shirt? We all need water to live, but more than two billion people 7 the world live without clean water. Many of them live in the countryside or in places where there is a war (战争) . Some people live in deserts. It is very hot there, so it is very hard for them 8 (get) water. 9 we drink dirty water, we will feel bad. In some countries, 10 (woman) and children walk a long way every day to get water, but sometimes the water isn’t even clean! 解析：1．On 2．and 3．healthy 4．cooking 5．Farmers 6．kilos 7．around/in 8．to get 9．If 10．women 【导语】本文主要介绍了水的重要性与全球缺水现状，呼吁珍惜水资源。 1．句意：在3月22日，世界水日让人们关注到水在我们生活中的重要性、许多人获取清洁水面临的问题，以及这些问题的解决方法。在具体日期前，需用介词On，这是英语中日期前介词的固定用法。 2．句意：在3月22日，世界水日让人们关注到水在我们生活中的重要性、许多人获取清洁水面临的问题，以及这些问题的解决方法。“the problems…”和“solutions…”是并列的名词短语，需用并列连词and连接，表并列关系。 3．句意：人体高达60%是由水构成的，我们需要喝大量的水来保持健康。“be+形容词”构成系表结构，health是名词，其形容词形式为healthy，表示“健康的”。 4．句意：就像我们需要清洁的饮用水一样，我们也需要清洁的水来做饭、洗漱和刷牙。for是介词，介词后接动词时，需用动名词形式，cook的动名词为cooking。 5．句意：农民用水来种植作物。句子缺少主语，farm是动词“耕种”或名词“农场”，此处指“农民”，需用名词复数形式Farmers表泛指，作主语。 6．句意：你知道做一件T恤大约需要2700千克水吗？kilo是可数名词，前面有数字2700修饰，需用复数形式，kilo的复数为kilos。 7．句意：我们都需要水才能生存，但全球有超过20亿人没有清洁的水可用。“around the world”和“in the world”均为固定搭配，意为“全世界；在世界上”。 8．句意：那里天气很热，所以他们很难获取水。“It is+形容词+for sb. to do sth.”是固定句型，意为“对某人来说做某事是……的”，此处需用动词不定式。 9．句意：如果我们喝脏水，我们会感觉不舒服。分析句子逻辑，前半句“喝脏水”是条件，后半句“身体不舒服”是结果，需用连词If引导条件状语从句。 10．句意：在一些国家，女性和孩子每天要走很远的路去取水，但有时水甚至不干净。and连接并列成分，children是复数形式，故woman需用复数形式women，表泛指。 综合拓展练（测试时间：10分钟） 1、 阅读理解 （24-25七年级下·广东深圳·期末）①As a world leader in clean energy development, China is playing an important part in protecting the environment. ②China remains the world’s largest seller of clean energy products. It produces and exports (出口) different kinds of green energy products, such as electric cars and clean-powered machines. These products are now used in more than 190 countries around the world, such as Germany and Australia. ③Inside China, clean energy has also grown quickly in recent years. More people are using electric cars instead of gas-powered ones, and many cities are using clean power to light streets and run public transport. These changes help cut pollution and improve the quality of daily life. ④Besides, China is working hard to make clean energy better and more affordable. Over the past ten years, prices have gone down, but the quality has improved. This means people can get better quality for less money. ⑤What’s more, the Chinese government has put a large amount of money into the clean energy industry. In 2024, it spent about $940 billion in this area. It also encourages the whole society to move towards green development. ⑥By using more green energy and helping others do the same, China is taking real steps to protect the planet, not only for today, but also for the future of the whole world. 1．What can we learn about China’s clean energy products? A．They are sold to over 190 countries. B．They are only used inside the country. C．They are mainly sold to Germany and Japan. D．They are becoming more expensive each year. 2．What can we infer (推断) from Paragraph 3? A．More people use cleaner ways to travel. B．Fewer people are using clean energy in cities. C．Clean energy has made little difference in daily life. D．Gas-powered cars are becoming more popular in China. 3．What does the underlined word “more affordable” mean? A．Bigger. B．Cheaper. C．Harder. D．Higher. 4．What is Paragraph 5 mainly about? A．It shows China’s clean energy still has a problem. B．It explains why clean energy is expensive in China. C．It compares China’s clean energy with other countries’. D．It shows how the government helps develop clean energy. 5．Which of the following shows the structure of this passage? A． B． C． D． （24-25七年级下·广东深圳·期末）阅读下面短文，并从文后的六个选项中选择五个还原到原文中，使原文的意思完整、连贯。 Tips to Save Water and Electricity in Our Schools Water and electricity are important for all of us. We use them every day at school, and there’s something we can do to save them. 6 First of all, let’s focus on saving water. Always double-check that you turn off the taps after washing your hands. 7 If you see a running tap, tell your teacher right away. When you’re filling up your water bottle from the water fountain, don’t let the water run wild. Just take what you need. 8 Turn off the lights when there’s plenty of natural light in the classroom. Also, remember to turn off the fans when nobody’s in the room. And don’t leave things like the projector, computers, or TVs on standby. 9 In the corridors and stairs, some lights come on automatically. But we should still be careful and not mess around to make them turn on more than necessary. Saving water and electricity at school is necessary for all of us. 10 Besides, it’s good for the planet as well. Let’s get started right now and encourage all our mates to join in! A．Don’t break it! B．Here are some useful tips! C．It helps our school cut down on costs. D．Second, let’s think about saving electricity. E．A tiny drip can waste lots of water over time. F．Always make sure to switch them off completely when you’re done. 解析：1．A 2．A 3．B 4．D 5．C 【导语】本文主要讲述了中国在清洁能源领域的全球领导地位，包括清洁能源产品的出口、国内应用、技术改进和政府资金支持等方面，以及中国对全球环保的贡献。 1．细节理解题。根据“These products are now used in more than 190 countries around the world, such as Germany and Australia.”可知，产品销往190多个国家。故选A。 2．推理判断题。根据“More people are using electric cars instead of gas-powered ones, and many cities are using clean power to light streets and run public transport.”可推知，越来越多的人使用更清洁的出行方式。故选A。 3．词句猜测题。根据“Over the past ten years, prices have gone down, but the quality has improved. This means people can get better quality for less money.”可知，在过去的十年里，价格有所下降，但质量有所提高，这意味着人们可以用更少的钱获得更好的质量，所以划线部分的含义是“更便宜”。故选B。 4．主旨大意题。根据“What’s more, the Chinese government has put a large amount of money into the clean energy industry…”可知，本文主要介绍政府如何帮助发展清洁能源。故选D。 5．篇章结构题。通读全文可知，第一段总述中国在清洁能源领域的全球领导地位；第二段和第三段分别介绍清洁能源产品的出口和国内应用，第四段介绍技术改进，第五段补充政府资金支持；第六段总结中国对环保的贡献。故选C。 6．B 7．E 8．D 9．F 10．C 【导语】本文主要介绍了在学校节约用水和用电的一些实用建议，并阐述了这样做的好处，呼吁大家行动起来。 6．根据前文提到在学校每天都用水和电，且我们可以做些事来节约它们，以及后文列举的具体节约方法，可知此处是引出这些实用建议，选项B“这里有一些有用的提示！”符合语境。故选B。 7．根据前文“Always double-check that you turn off the taps after washing your hands.”强调关紧水龙头，以及后文“If you see a running tap, tell your teacher right away.”提到漏水的水龙头，可知此处是说明水龙头滴水会浪费水，选项E“一滴小小的水滴，长时间下来也会浪费很多水。”符合语境。故选E。 8．根据前文“First of all, let’s focus on saving water.”讲了节约用水，后文开始讲节约用电的内容，可知此处是过渡到节约用电的话题，选项D“其次，让我们考虑节约用电。”符合语境。故选D。 9．根据前文“And don’t leave things like the projector, computers, or TVs on standby.”提到不要让电器处于待机状态，可知此处是说用完后要完全关掉它们，选项F“确保在完成时完全关闭它们。”符合语境。故选F。 10．根据前文“Saving water and electricity at school is necessary for all of us.”以及后文“Besides, it’s good for the planet as well.”可知此处是说明节约水电的好处，选项C“它帮助我们学校削减开支。”符合语境。故选C。 1 / 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题 Units 5~6（期末复习讲义） 内 容 导 航 考情透视·目标导航 透析期末考向，锚定备考重心 知识梳理·方法技巧 梳理核心脉络，扫除知识盲区 考场练兵·分层实战 阶梯实战演练，验收复习成效 复习目标 复习重点： 1. 1.掌握描述水循环、用电行为、人物感受的形容词（如 everyday, valuable, electrical, electronic, powerful, sleepy, scared 等），以及 -ing/-ed 结尾形容词的辨析与用法（如 boring/bored, exciting/excited, tiring/tired）。 2.理解并运用以下句型： It is + adj. + for sb. to do sth. find it + adj. + to do sth. remember to do / remember doing；forget to do / forget doing try to do / try doing turn out + adj. / to be / that从句 This is because... / That‘s why... make sure (that) / to do / of sth. It’s one‘s duty to do sth. 3.掌握以下语法与词汇搭配： 谈论数量：a lot of, lots of, plenty of, some, any, no, enough；many / much, a few / few, a little / little, too many / too much, much too 情态动词：can/could（能力、请求、推测），must/have to（必须、不得不），mustn’t（禁止），needn‘t/don’t have to（不必），may（请求、推测、祝愿） turn 相关短语：turn on/off, turn up/down run out of / run out（用完） join / join in / take part in / attend connect...to / be connected with add...to, end up (doing), a bit / a bit of, go bad, switch off/on 复习难点： 1.区分并正确使用以 -ing 和 -ed 结尾的形容词（如 boring / bored, scary / scared, exciting / excited, tiring / tired, interesting / interested）。 2.在写作和完形中灵活运用 spend / pay / cost / take 表达“花费”，并区分主语与句型结构。（本单元虽未重点讲解，但作为跨单元常考点保留） 3.区分 too much / too many / much too：too much + 不可数名词，too many + 可数名词复数，much too + 形容词/副词。 4.区分 everyday 与 every day：everyday 是形容词“日常的”，修饰名词；every day 是副词短语“每天”，作状语。 5.区分 borrow / lend / keep：borrow（借入，非延续），lend（借出，非延续），keep（保留，延续，可与时间段连用）。 6.区分 run out of（主语为人）与 run out（主语为物）。 7.区分 join / join in / take part in / attend：join 加入组织/团体；join in 参加小规模活动；take part in 参加大型活动并发挥作用；attend 出席会议/典礼等。 考情规律 词汇运用：侧重 everyday, journey, drop, turn off/on, voice/noise/sound, eventually, end up, add, a bit, return, remember, population等在具体语境中的选择，以及 add...to, be made of/from/into/in/by, play a role in, at the end of, as a result of, connect...to/with, run out of,的介词搭配。 句型转换/翻译：常涉及remember to do / remember doing 的语境判断，stop to do / stop doing 的语境判断，try to do / try doing 的语境判断，turn out + adj. / to be / that从句，This is because... / That‘s why... 互换等。 Unit 5 知识点1 everyday Where can you find water in your everyday life?你在日常生活中在哪里可以找到水？ everyday adj. 日常的；每天的 辨析everyday 和 every day ①every day 是副词短语，意思是“每天”，表示频率通常用作句子的时间状语。 I go to school on foot every day.我每天步行去上学。 ②everyday 是形容词意思是“日常的，每天的”，同义词为daily。仅用在名词之前作定语，不能单独使用。 The Internet has become part of everyday life.互联网已成为日常生活的一部分。 1．If you want to improve your spoken English, you should speak more _______ English _______. A．everyday; everyday B．every day; everyday C．everyday; every day D．every day; every day 知识点2 journey & drop The journey of a drop of water一滴水的旅程 journey n. （尤指长途）旅行 辨析trip, journey, travel和voyage 词条 用法 trip 指短期的具有特定目的的旅行。常用短语：take a trip 去旅行 journey 指稍长的旅途 travel 是最常用的，指旅行或普通出行 voyage 指海上航行 drop n. 滴； 水珠 a drop of... 一滴 （作动词，意为“v. 落下”） 1.—He dropped off his bike yesterday.     —Really? Did he get hurt? A．left B．took C．fell 2.（谚语翻译）千里之行，始于足下。 ____________________________________________________________ 知识点3 on The tap was on. 水龙头开着。 on 此时是副词，意为“开着”。be on表示“已连接、处于工作中的状态”。类似的还有: The class is over. 课程结束了。 1．Don’t leave the tap ________ after you use it. A．open B．close C．off D．on 2．Tim isn’t in the living room, but the TV is on. A．is off B．is working C．doesn’t work D．can’t work 知识点4 turn off & voice "Turn that tap off!" said an angry voice suddenly.“关掉那个水龙头！”突然有一个愤怒的声音说。 turn off 意为“关闭（水、电、电器等）”。当宾语为代词时，代词要位于中间。 如：Turn it off。 turn的相关短语辨析 voice n. 说话声 辨析noise, voice, sound 词条 含义 用法 noise 噪音;喧闹声 意为“噪音;喧闹声”, 常指不悦耳、不和谐的嘈杂声。 voice 嗓音；说话声 指人的嗓音或说话、唱歌时发出的声音；或指鸟叫声。 sound 声音 泛指人们听到的各种“声音”, 可以是人或动物的声音, 也可以是大自然的任何声音。 1．—Don’t forget to ________ the light when you leave the room. —OK, I won’t. I know we should ________ energy. A．turn off; save B．turn into; save C．turn off; collect D．turn into; collect 2．It’s very hot in the room. Why not ________ the air conditioner (空调)? A．turn on B．turn off C．to turn on D．to turn off 3．How noisy it is! Could you please ____the CD player a little? A．turn off B．turn down C．turn on D．turn up 4．—Don’t keep the water running while brushing your teeth. —Sorry. I forgot to ________. A．turn on it B．turn it on C．turn off it D．turn it off 5．Please don't make any __ I can hardly hear the speaker's ______________. A．sound;noise B．noise;sound C．voice;sound D．noise;voice 6．The parrot is very clever. It can make beautiful ________. A．sound B．shout C．noise D．voice 知识点5 eventually & end up I fell into a river and eventually ended up in a reservoir.我掉进了河里，最后掉进了一个水库。 eventually adv. 最后，终于 。其同义表达有finally，in the end，at last 等。 “fell into”意为“掉入，落入”，fell的动词原形为___fall______. end up 是一个常用的动词短语，表示 “最终处于某种状态” 或 “以某种结果告终”，常用于描述意外或非计划中的结局。详细用法如下： ①end up + 地点/状态 They got lost and ended up in a small village.（他们迷路了，最终到了一个村庄。） If you don’t study, you’ll end up failing the exam.（如果你不学习，考试会不及格。） ②end up + doing sth（最终做了某事） We ended up staying home because of the rain.（因为下雨，我们最终待在了家里。） ③end up with + 名词（最终有某物/处于某种情况） He gambled all his money and ended up with nothing.（他赌光了钱，最后一无所有。） 1．You might end up ________ the exam unless you study hard. A．fail B．to fail C．failing D．failed 2.When you study hard every day, you will _____ succeed in your exams. A. never B. sometimes C. eventually D. immediately 知识点6 add There people cleaned me and added some chemicals to me.那里有人给我清洗干净，还给我加了一些化学物质。 add: v.添加；增加。“add...to...” 意为“把...加到...里”。另外 add 还有“加”的意思。 I added some water to the chicken soup just now. 我刚才在鸡汤里加了一些水。 Add 2 and 3 to get 5. 2加3得5. 1．你需要把一些水慢慢地加到锅里去。 You need to the pot very slowly. 2．If you add four ________ seven, you can get eleven. A．in B．at C．on D．to 3．Jack added too much salt to the soup, so the soup was very salty. A．put ... in B．got ... from C．joined ... in D．led ... to 知识点7 a bit Because I was a bit dirty. 因为我有点脏了。 a bit 意为“稍微；有点儿”，具体用如下。 ①a bit可用于修饰形容词、副词的原级和比较级，此时可与a little 互换。 I am a bit hungry.=I am a little hungry.我有点饿了。 ②a bit若修饰名词，需要加介词of，即“a bit of”作形容词，后面加不可数名词。而 a little可直接修饰不可数名词。 There is a bit of water in the bottle. =There is a little water in the bottle.瓶子里有一点水。 1．There is ________ milk in the glass. It’s ________ bad. A．a little; a bit B．a little; a bit of C．a little bit; a bit D．a bit; a little 2．There is ________ meat in the fridge. But it tastes ________ strange. A．a bit; a little B．a bit of; a little C．a little, a bit of D．A and B 知识点8 return Then I'll go into a river, and after that I'll return into the sea again.然后我就进入一条河里，然后再回到海里去。 return v. 返回；归还 n. 回来；归还 1. 不及物动词：直接接 to + 地点，表示回到某处。直接接 from+ 地点,表示从某处回来。也可单独使用（无需加地点）。 She returned to her hometown. （她回到了家乡。） He returned from work at 6 PM. （他6点下班回来。） 2. 及物动词：return + 物品 (to + 人/地点) 归还（物品）给...... Please return the book to the library. （请把书归还图书馆。） I will return your call later. （我会稍后回电。） return 还可以作名词，意为“归来；回归”。“in return” 意为“作为回报；作为回应”。 1.I have to return the books to the library today. A．learn about B．write down C．give back 2．I’d like to share my chocolates with you _________ for your help with my homework. A．in time B．in fact C．in return D．in addition 知识点9 remember to do sth. Remember not to waste or pollute me. I'm valuable.记住不要浪费或污染我。我是很宝贵的。 remember to do sth. 意为“记得要去做某事”；其否定表达为 remember not to do sth.辨析remember to do和remember doing sth. 结构 含义区别 例句对比 remember to do 记得要去做（未做） She remembered to buy milk.（她记得要去买牛奶。） remember doing 记得做过（已做） She remembered buying milk.（她记得买过牛奶。） forget to do 忘记要做（未做） He forgot to call me.（他忘了打电话给我。） forget doing 忘记做过（已做但忘记） He forgot calling me.（他忘记给我打过电话。） 1．—I remember ________ the door when I left. —Yes, you did. But there is something wrong with the lock. A．locking B．lock C．locked D．to lock 2．Remember ________ the lights when you leave. A．turn on B．to turn on C．turn off D．to turn off 3．Don’t forget ________ your pen with you, Mike. A．to take B．taking C．takes D．took 4．—Remember ________ water.            —OK. I ________. A． not waste; won’t B．don’t waste; don’t C．not to waste; won’t D．not to waste; don’t 知识点10 population If you look at a population map of any country in the world, you will see that most people live close to water.如果你看一下世界上任何一个国家的人口地图，你会发现大多数人都住在水边。 population n. 人口；族群；具体用法如下： 1.population 常与定冠词the连用，作主语时，谓语动词常用第三人称单数形式。询问人口数量用句型： A.What is the population of…? 这是最常见的询问某地人口数量的句型。例如: What is the population of China?中国的人口是多少？ B.How large / how big is the population of…?这个句型也可以用来询问人口数量，其中“how large”和“how big”都可以用来形容人口规模的大小。例如: How large is the population of India? 印度的人口规模有多大？ C.How many people are there in…? 虽然不如前两个句型正式，但这个句型同样可以用来询问某个地方的人口数量。例如： How many people are there in New York City? 在纽约市有多少人？ 2.当主语是表示人口的百分之几、几分之几时，谓语动词用复数形式。 About seventy percent of the population in China are farmers.中国大约有百分之七十的人口是农民 3. 表示人口的“多”或“少”，不用much或little，要用large或small。 China has a large population. （中国人口众多。） 4.表示“某地/某一范围内有多少人口”时，用have/has a population of。 The village has a population of only 500 people. （这个村庄仅有500人。） 1．—________ is the population of India? —More than 1. 4 billion. India has got a ________ population than any other country in the world. A．How much; larger B．What; more C．How much; more D．What; larger 2．The population of China _______ large. About four fifths of the population _______ farmers. A．is, are B．are, is C．are, are D．is, is 知识点11 role & at the end of At the end of the 18th century, water played a big role in the Industrial Revolution.18世纪末，水在工业革命中发挥了重要作用。 role n. 角色；地位；作用。 “play a big role in...”意为“在...发挥了重要作用”。同义表达为：play a big part in.../ make a big difference to...。 Technology played a big role（part） in improving modern healthcare. =Technology made a big difference to improving modern healthcare. 科技在改善现代医疗中发挥了重要作用。 At the end of ... 意为：在…结尾，在…末端 At the end of the movie, everyone clapped.（电影结束时，大家都鼓掌了。） At the end of the path, there is a small park.（小路的尽头有一个小公园。） 1．七中的老师们在这次活动中也发挥了重要作用。 Teachers in Number 7 Middle School also the activity. 2．在晚会结束的时候，她为大家唱了一首歌。 the evening party, she sang a song for us. 知识点12 as a result As a result, the cities that were close to water grew much larger.结果，靠近水的城市变得更大了。 "as a result" 是一个表示因果关系的连接词，意为 "因此，所以，结果"，用于连接前后两个具有因果关系的句子。 He studied hard. As a result, he passed the exam. 他努力学习。结果，他通过了考试。 "as a result of + 名词/动名词"（表原因，意为 "由于..."） The event was canceled as a result of bad weather.（由于天气恶劣，活动取消了。） 1．They played carelessly. _________, they lost the game. A．As a result of B．At the end C．As a result D．To the end 知识点13 nearly Nearly all of these cities are on the coast or by rivers or lakes.几乎所有这些城市都位于沿海或河畔或湖畔。 nearly的基本含义：表示 "几乎，差不多"，强调接近某个状态或数量，但未完全达到。具体用法： 1. 修饰动词（表示动作或状态接近完成） 位置：通常位于实义动词前（be动词、情态动词或助动词后）。 She nearly fell when she tripped on the stairs.（她在楼梯上绊了一下，差点摔倒。） nearly finished reading this book.（我快读完这本书了。） 2. 修饰形容词或副词（表示程度接近） 位置：位于形容词/副词前。 The bottle is nearly empty.（瓶子几乎空了。） He ran nearly as fast as an athlete.（他跑得几乎和运动员一样快。） 3. 修饰数量或时间（表示接近具体数值） 位置：直接放在数字或时间前。 Nearly 100 people attended the meeting.（将近100人参加了会议。） It’s nearly midnight; we should leave now.（快半夜了，我们该走了。） 1．这本书有将近800页。 _______________________________________________________________________________ 2．The skyscraper is so tall that it _____ touches the clouds. A. near B. closely C. nearly D. about 知识点14 This is because... & business This is because cities need water for people's homes, industry, business, tourism and leisure activities.这是因为城市需要水来满足人们的居住、工业、商业、旅游和休闲活动。 “This is because...”意为“这是因为...”。具体用法如下： 辨析 用法区别 例句 This is because+原因 直接解释前句原因 The population grew.（结果） This is because healthcare improved.（原因）人口增长了。这是因为医疗保健状况有所改善。  That's why + 结果 用已知原因引出结果，强调由前文原因导致的后果。 He never checks the weather forecast.（原因）That's why he got caught in the rain yesterday.（结果） （他从不看天气预报，这就是为什么他昨天淋雨了。） 口诀总结："Because" 后跟因，"Why" 后跟果要记清。前因后果用 "why"，前果后因 "because" 行。 business 意为“n. 商业，生意；商务”。 businessman: n. 商人 on business： 出差 none of one's business 与某人无关，不关某人的事 1．—What are you good at, Jeremy? —________. ________ I want to take part in the basketball game this year. A．Playing all kinds of balls; That's because B．Play all kinds of balls; That's why C．Playing all kinds of balls; That's why D．Play all kinds of balls; That's because 2.用that’s because/ that’s why 填空 ①.We put the plants by the window. ____________ they need sunlight to grow. ②.It rained heavily yesterday. ____________ the sports day was put off. 知识点15 duty & make sure It is now our duty to make sure we don't waste water or pollute it.现在我们有责任确保我们不浪费水或污染它。 duty：n.责任；义务 ①on/off duty（值班/下班） Nurses must stay on duty for 12 hours.（护士需连续值班12小时。） ② It is one’s duty to do sth. 做某事是某人的责任 It’s my duty to help him. 帮助他是我的责任。 make sure 意为“确保”。具体用法如下： ①. make sure + (that) 从句 用法：确保某动作完成或某状态存在（that 可省略）。 Please make sure (that) the door is locked.（请确保门已锁好。） ②. make sure to do sth 确保做某事 用法：提醒或要求某人必须做某事（强调动作本身）。 Make sure to turn off the lights before leaving.（离开前务必关灯。） ③. make sure of/about sth You should make sure about the terms before signing.（签约前需确认条款细节。） ④. make sure + 疑问词从句（where/when/how等） He made sure how the machine works.（他弄清了机器的运作方式。） 1．我认为保护环境是我们的责任。 I think our the environment. 2．I'm not sure if I can be successful, but I can make sure_____. A．do my best B．to do my best C．doing my best D．did my best 3.为确保有个健康的身体，我应该每天锻炼。 Unit 6 知识点1 have something in common What do the pictures have in common？这些图片有什么共同之处？ have something in common 有相同的特点/特征 ①have a lot/much in common有很多共同之处 We have a lot in common.（我们有很多共同点。） ②have nothing/little in common 没有共同之处 They have nothing in common.（他们毫无共同之处。） ③ common adj. 意为：常见的；普遍的 如：common sense 常识 adj.意为：共有的；公共的 如： a common goal一个共同的目标 common ground共同立场 1．All these shows in the world have one thing ________. A．with the common B．in common C．for the common 2．Jackie Chan and Jet Li have much  ________. And they often play similar roles in the movies. A．in general B．in style C．in common D．in shape 知识点2 electricity Why do you think electricity is important? 为什么你认为电对我们很重要？ electricity n. 电；电力 save electricity 节约用电 辨析electric/electrical/electronic 辨析 核心含义 搭配场景 electric adj.用电的；由电驱动的。指直接由电驱动或产生电的事物（物理层面的电）。 electric car电动汽车 electric kettles 电水壶 electrical adj.电力科学的，与电有关的。指与电相关的系统、技术或抽象应用（工程或功能层面）。 electrical system电气系统,  electrical appliance电器设备 electronic adj.电子的；电子设备的。依赖电子元件（如电路、芯片）或数字技术。 electronic device电子设备, electronic music电子音乐 快速记忆口诀：Electric：电驱动，直接带电；Electrical：电系统，工程覆盖；Electronic：电子芯，数字主宰。 1.He studied ________ engineering at university while his brother showed great interest in repairing ________ appliances such as ________ kettles. A．electric, electric, electrical B．electrical, electrical, electronic C．electronic, electric, electrical D．electrical, electrical, electric 知识点3 task & try Then she gave us a special task to try living without electricity for a weekend.然后她给了我们一个特别的任务，让我们试着过一个没有电的周末。 task n. 任务；活动 give sb. a task(to do) 给某人一个(做某事的)任务 a task of doing sth. 一个做...的任务 complete/finish a task完成任务 短语 核心区别 例句 try to do sth. 努力/试图做某事（强调付出努力，结果可能成功或失败）。 She tried to finish her homework early. 她努力想早点完成作业。 try doing sth. 尝试做某事（强调用某种方法试试看效果，或建议某种解决方案）。 Try adding sugar if the coffee is bitter. 如果咖啡苦，试着加点糖。 try one’s best to do sth. 尽某人最大努力做某事 I’ll try my best to finish the task on time. 我会尽力按时完成任务的。 辨析 try to do sth. 和try doing sth. 1．—I tried ________ it out in this way, but I failed (失败)． —Why not ______ it in some other ways? A．to work; try doing B．to work; try to do C．working; to try to do D．to working; to try doing 2．—What outdoor activity would you like to try? —I’d like to try ________. A．skating B．to skate C．skate D．skates 3．Nobody answers the front door. Let me try (knock) at the back door. 4．We should learn from our teachers and try (be) better. 知识点4 turn out However, it turned out that it was very hard to live without electricity.然而，事实证明，没有电是很难生活的。 turn out 表示“结果是，原来是”，使用如下： ①turn out+形容词 The cake turned out delicious.  蛋糕结果很美味。 ②turn out+不定式 She turned out to be a doctor. 她最终成了一位医生。 ③turn out+that从句 It turned out that they were friends. 原来他们是朋友。 1．The result______ that the man had nothing to do with this case. A．turned out B．turned around C．turned to D．turned off 知识点5 while & run out of Instead, we played video games for a while, but then our tablet ran out of battery.取而代之的是，我们玩了一会儿电子游戏，但后来我们的平板电脑没电了。 while n. 表示“一段时间”,常与介词搭配，如 for a while（一会儿）、after a while（过了一阵子）。 run out of 意为“耗尽；用完”。 He ran out of patience.他的耐心耗尽了。 辨析run out of 和 run out 词条辨析 主语 结构 例句 run out of 人 人 + run out of + 物 I ran out of money.（我的钱用完了。） run out 物 物 + run out The money ran out.（钱用完了。） battery n. 电池 → batteries （复数） 1．Grace bought a lot of new clothes and ______ all her money. A．run out B．run out of C．ran of D．ran out of 2．His money ________ this morning. A．run out of B．ran out of C．run out D．ran out 我想和你谈一会儿。 3. I’d like to speak to you . 知识点6 since & go bad Since there wasn't any electricity, some things in the fridge quickly went bad.因为没有电，冰箱里的一些东西很快就坏了。 go bad 表示“变质”。go 在这里表示“变得（坏的方面）”，是系动词，不能用副词修饰。例：go mad 发疯 go wrong 出问题 since 在此句中作连词，意为“由于，既然”，引导原因状语从句，语气比because弱。另外，since还可以引导时间状语从句，意为“自从...”。 原因：Since you know the answer, tell me.（既然你知道答案，告诉我。） 时间：I’ve lived here since I was born.（自我出生就住在这里。） 1. 把牛奶放进冰箱里，否则它会变质的。 Put the milk into the , or it will . 知识点7 switch off switch off the lights when you leave home当你离开家时，请关掉那些灯. switch off：意为“关掉电源或设备”。（英式英语更常用，美式多用 turn off）。 Turn off / Switch off the TV if you’re not watching it. 如果你不看电视，请关闭/关闭电视。 辨析 含义 例句 switch off（同turn off） 关闭（电器） Switch off the TV before bed.（睡前关电视。） switch on（同turn on） 打开（电器） Switch on the lights, please.（请开灯。） 1.Please turn off the lights when you leave. We should save energy. A．look up B．tidy up C．take off D．switch off 2.（句子翻译）老师要求学生在考试期间关掉手机。 ____________________________________________________________________________ 知识点8 instruction & electrical appliance Read the instructions carefully before you use a new electrical appliance.在你使用一个新的电器之前，请仔细阅读用法说明。 instruction n.用法说明；用法指南 electrical appliance 电器 instruct v. 教导，指导 instructor n. n. 指导者，导师 Follow the instructions carefully when you assemble the bookshelf. 组装书架时，请仔细遵循用法说明。 The driving instructor will instruct you how to park the car safely. 驾驶导师会指导你如何安全停车。 知识点9 joined in More than 2.2 million homes and businesses joined in. 超过220万家庭和企业加入了这一行列。 join in 动词加介词短语，意为“参加；加入”。通常指参加或加入某个活动、讨论、游戏等。 辨析take part in,join,join in,attend 词条 含义及用法 take part in 一般指积极地参加大型的集体性的活动、集会等，并发挥一定作用。如： How many countries will take part in the World Cup?有多少个国家要参加世界杯？ Are you going to take part in the discussion? 你打算参加那个讨论吗？ join 指加入到某团体、组织或某些人中，并成为其中一员。 如：She joined a health club. 她参加了一个健身俱乐部。 We both joined the Labor Party. 我们俩都加入了工党。 join in                     意思为“参加”，后面接的宾语一般是表示竞赛、娱乐、游戏等活动的名词或v. -ing.  如：Can I join in the game?我可以参加这个游戏吗？ They all join in singing the song. 他们一起唱这首歌。 attend                     一般指参加、出席会议、报告等活动，不强调参加者在活动中所起的作用。 如：Our teacher attended the meeting yesterday. 我们老师昨天参加了那个会议。 I have promised to attend her wedding. 我已经答应她去参加她的婚礼了。 1．The boys were playing football on the ground. Sandy didn’t want to ____________ them. A．take part in B．join C．join in D．attend 2．— Would you please ________ the meeting instead of me, Cindy? — I’ll be glad to, but I have an after-class activity to ________. A．join; attend B．take part in; join in C．attend; take part in D．attend; join 二、选词填空 用take part in, join, join in或attend的适当形式填空。 1．He the English club last term. 2．Why didn't you Jim's party yesterday? 3．Many very important people will the meeting tomorrow. 4．They will the contest. 知识点10 amount & power The same amount of electricity could power thousands of computers or television sets for an hour.同样的电量可以为数千台电脑或电视机供电一小时。 amount：n. n. 金额；数量(用于不可数名词)，the amount of...意为“......的数量”。 辨析the amount of/ the number of; an amount of/ a number of 短语 修饰对象 含义 主谓一致 例句 a number of 可数名词复数 许多（≈ many） 复数动词 A number of students are studying here.  （许多学生在此学习。） the number of 可数名词复数 ...的数量（强调总数） 单数动词 The number of students is increasing.  （学生数量在增加。） an amount of 不可数名词 一定量的（≈ some） 单数动词 An amount of money was donated.  （捐了一笔钱。） the amount of 不可数名词 ...的总量（强调具体量） 单数动词 The amount of water is limited.  （水的总量有限。） power v. 驱动；推动 power 作名词，意为“动力；能量；权利”。如：solar power 太阳能。 形容词为powerful，意为“ 有权力的；强有力的；强壮的”。 1.In our school library, there ________ a number of books on science and the number of them is growing larger and larger. A．is B．are C．has D．have 2．A(n) ________ of experts are looking into the matter and finding out the cause of it will take a certain ________ of time. A．number; amount B．number; amounts C．amount; amount D．amount; number 3．The old farmer is counting ______ money and _______ cows he had. A．the amount of, the number of B．an amount of, a number of C．the number of, the amount of D．a number of , an amount of 4．The Internet is growing very fast, and may become ________ than printing. A．the most powerful B．much powerful C．more powerful D．powerful 考查形容词比较级。the most powerful最强大的，形容词最高级；much powerful非常强大；more powerful更强大的，形容词比较级；powerful强大的，形容词原级。根据“may become…than printing”可知，此处应用形容词的比较级。故选C。 知识点11 as well It will be even more fun if you ask your friends, family and classmates to join as well.如果你邀请你的朋友、家人和同学加入，那会更有趣。 as well 意为“也”,常用于肯定句句末。 辨析too, also, as well, either 词条 用法 例句 too 位于肯定句句末，其前用逗号隔开。 I like reading, and I like music too. 我喜欢阅读，也喜欢音乐。 also： 位于句中。be动词、助动词之后，行为动词之前。 He is a teacher, and he is also a writer. 他是一名老师，也是一名作家。 as well 位于肯定句句末，其前不用逗号隔开。 She enjoys painting, and she loves singing as well. 她喜欢画画，也喜欢唱歌。 either 位于否定句句末，其前用逗号隔开。 I don’t like coffee, and I don’t like tea ,either. 我不喜欢咖啡，也不喜欢茶。 选词填空 1．Peter is good at English. You do well in it . (too/also/either/as well) 2．You are able to join us in the hiking this Saturday. (too/also/either/as well) 3．Alice can dance well. Peter can dance well, . (too/also/either/as well) 4．Sally can’t work out this problem. I can’t, . (too/ also/ either/ as well) 知识点12 connect We need to make sure that the cables are connected correctly before we turn on the device.在我们打开设备之前，我们需要确保电缆连接正确。 connect v.(使)连接 ①connect ...to 把...连接到；相连 The USB cable connects the camera to the computer. ②connect ...with把……与……联系起来 The author connected the story with real historical events. ③be connected with/ to与……相连/联系 All your festivals seem to be connected with history. 1．首先，把显示器、键盘与电脑连接。 First, the screen and the keyboard the computer. 2．街道下的电缆与一个发电站相连接。 Cables under the street a power station. Grammar Unit 5: 谈论数量 1.修饰可数名词和不可数名词皆可 a lot of / lots of/a quantity of/plenty of no some/any enough 许多 没有 一些/点 足够的 enough+名词（可数/不可数） 足够的 I have enough apples and enough money. not enough (不够）+ 名词 不够的 I don’t have enough apples or enough money. 形容词+enough 足够地 He didn’t study hard enough. 2.只能修饰可数名词或者修饰不可数名词 修饰可数名词 a few few many too few too many how many 修饰不可数名词 a little little much too little too much how much 词义 一些 几乎没有 许多 太少 太多 多少 How much 其他特殊用法： （1）询问价格 How much is + 不可数名词 例如：How much is the milk？ How much are + 可数名词复数 例如：How much are the apples？ （2）询问重量 -How much does the boy weigh? 这个男孩有多重？ -Sixty kilos. 六十公斤。 （3）询问数字计算结果，相当于what －How much is ten plus ten? 十加十等于多少？ 区别：too much，too many 和much too too much + 不可数名词 太多的 We have too much work to do. much too + 形容词/副词 太.... You are much too kind to me. too many + 可数名词 太多的 There are too many people here. 1.The meat is ______ expensive and eating _______ meat is bad for your health. A．too much; much too B．much too; too much C．too much; too much D．much too; much too 2．Don’t worry. We still have ________ minutes left. A．a little B．few C．little D．a few 3．I am making ________ tea. Would you like ________? A．some; any B．any; some C．some; some D．any; any 4．—________ oranges do we need to make fruit salad (水果沙拉)? —Three should be enough (足够). A．How often B．How much C．How many D．How long 5．I paid ¥10 for ________ this morning. A．four bottle milks B．four bottles of milk C．four bottles of milks D．four milk 6．About ________ of the students in our class ________ girls. A．two thirds; are B．two thirds; is C．two third; are D．two third; is 7．—There is ________ milk in the fridge. Let’s go and buy ________ back, Mum. —OK. Let’s go shopping this afternoon. A．few; some B．a few; many C．little; some D．a little; much 8．There is ________ bread at home. Would you please get ________ for us? A．no; some B．not; some C．few; some D．little; any 9．—________ is your T-shirt, Kate? —It’s seven dollars. A．How much B．How many C．How old 10．The man has ________ friends in this city, so he often stays at home. A．a few B．few C．little D．a little 二、选词填空 选择little，few，a little，a few，many，much填空 1．—Would you like some juice? —Yes, just . 2．The question is so difficult that very students in our class can answer it. 3．He made so mistakes in his writings. 4．Could I have words with you, Miss Brown? 5．Nobody likes speaking to him, because he does for other students. 6．Middle school students always have too homework to do. Grammar Unit 6: 情态动词 情态动词 用 法 例 句 can和could (1) 表示能力，意为“能；会”，could用作can的过去式 She can drive, but she can’t ride a bike. 她会开车，但不会骑自行车。 She couldn’t speak Chinese when she came to our school last year. 去年她刚来我们学校时还不会说中文。 (2) 表示请求、许可，意为“可以”，两者皆可用，此时的could并不表示过去，只是语气比can更委婉 You can go there now. 你可以现在去那儿。 — Can/Could I use your bicycle? 我可以用你的自行车吗？ — Yes, of course you can. 当然可以。（允许对方时，不可用could应答） (3) 表示客观可能性或推测，意为“可能”，can常用于否定句和疑问句中；could并不表示过去，只是表示可能性小，多用于肯定句和否定句中 The girl in the classroom can’t be Mary. She has gone to the library. 教室里的女孩不可能是玛丽，她去图书馆了。 He could be in London. 他可能在伦敦。 must和 have to (1) must表示“必须”，否定式mustn’t表示“禁止；不准；不允许” I must finish the work today. 我必须今天完成工作。 Cars mustn’t be parked here. 此处禁止停车。 (2) must表示非常肯定的猜测，意为“一定；准是”，只用于肯定句。在否定句和疑问句中用can’t，表示“不可能” He must be at home. The light is on. 他一定在家，灯亮着呢。 He can’t be at home. He is on business. 他不可能在家，他出差了。 (3) have to意为“必须；不得不”，表示客观实际的需要，有人称和时态的变化；must表示说话人主观上的看法，即主观上的必要，无人称和时态的变化 If he misses the last bus, he will have to walk home. 如果他错过末班车，他将不得不走回家。（表示客观实际） You must stop smoking. 你必须戒烟。（表示主观意愿） (4) 否定式don’t have to表示“不必”，mustn’t表示“禁止；不准” — Must I finish all the work today? 我必须今天完成全部工作吗？ — Yes, you must. / No, you don’t have to. / No, you needn’t. 是的，必须。/ 不，不必。 You mustn’t stop your car here. 此处禁止停车。 may may，后接动词原形。过去式是 might。其用法如下： ① 表示请求或允许，意思“可以”。在不太正式的情况下，可以跟 can 互换。② 表示不太肯定的猜测，意思“有可能”。③. 表示祝愿或希望 正式表达祝福或希望。 May I borrow your pen?我可以借你的笔吗？ It may rain later.稍后可能会下雨。 May you succeed!祝你成功！ 1.You ________ eat in the classroom. A．don’t B．can’t C．not D．no 2．We should ________ water for the animals in the zoo. A．provide B．provides C．provided D．providing 3．She ________ get up early to catch the first bus. A．have to B．has to C．having to D．to have to 4．—Must I finish my homework now? —No, you ________. You can do it tomorrow. A．mustn’t B．can’t C．needn’t D．shouldn’t 5．—Excuse me, ________ you show me the way to the Jiajia Hotel? —Sorry, I am new here. A．should B．must C．could D．may 6．Excuse me, sir. You ________ open the door before the taxi stops. A．mustn’t B．needn’t C．may not D．don’t have to 7．—Is that man Mr. Wang? —No, it _______ be him. He is on a tour of Macao now. A．can’t B．must C．may 8．—Mum, may I play basketball? —Yes, dear, but remember that you ________ finish your homework first. A．may B．can C．must D．ought 9．— ________ you play tennis two years ago? — No, but I ________ play it quite well now. A．Could; can B．Do; can C．Did; could D．Can; could 10．—Excuse me. ________ I come in? —Sure. Come in here. A．Do B．Did C．Will D．May 基础通关练（测试时间：10分钟） 1、 单项选择 1．It is ________ exciting news for the students, because they will have ________ homework. A．such an; so few B．so; such few C．such; so little D．so; such little 2．Although juice is delicious, I don’t drink too ________ of it because it can cause tooth problems. A．many B．little C．much D．few 3．We only have ________ meat left. Let’s go to the supermarket to buy some. A．a little B．a few C．many D．enough 4．These flowers smell ________, but there are only ________ left in the garden. I’d like some more. A．good; a little B．well; little C．good; a few D．well; few 5．— Would you like some wine? — Yes. Just ________. A．little B．very little C．a little D．little bit 6．I don’t have ________ money to buy this new phone. A．many B．much C．a few D．enough 7．—________ we go to the lab this afternoon? —No, you can’t. The lab is closed today. A．Can B．Must C．May D．Should 8．— ________  I use your pen? —Sorry, I’m using it now. A．Can B．Must C．May D．Need 9．Mum says we ________ go outdoors during a storm. It’s dangerous. A．can B．should C．must D．mustn’t 10．—Could you go to the cinema with me tonight? —Sorry, I ________. I have to prepare for the test. A．can’t B．couldn’t C．needn’t D．mustn’t 11．—________ I watch TV now? —No, you ________. You ________ finish your homework first. A．Can; can’t; must B．Must; can’t; can C．Can; mustn’t; must D．Must; mustn’t; can 12．—Can you show me how to get to Wuhan Polar Ocean Park? — ________. Follow me, I’ll lead you there. A．Not at all B．My pleasure C．No problem D．You’re welcome 13．—________ you tell me something about electricity? —Sure! A．Can B．Must C．May D．Need 14．—Mum, ________ I watch TV this afternoon? —Sure. But you must finish your homework first. A．must B．can C．need D．should 15．We _________ run in the hallway. It’s one of our school rules. A．mustn’t B．have to C．can D．may 二、完成句子 16．我在这个城市里有几个朋友。 I have ________ ________ friends in this city. 17．The boys had a lot of practice before the game. (改为否定句) The boys ________ have ________ practice before the game. 18．冰箱里的鸡蛋太少了，所以我们得买一些。 There are ________ eggs in the fridge, so we have to buy some. 19．There is a little water in the bottle. (改为同义句) There is ________ ________ water in the bottle. 20．The animals are a little lazy so I don’t like them. (改为同义句) The animals are ________ ________ lazy so I don’t like them. 重难突破练（测试时间：20分钟） 一、完形填空 （25-26七年级下·广东广州·期中） A drop of rain falls from a cloud and then runs into a small river. The small river 1 it to a big river. Then the raindrop travels far to the east into the 2 . Then the water of the raindrop is at the top of the sea. As the 3 makes it very warm, it changes into vapour. The vapour leaves the sea and goes up into the air. The vapour from the rain drop move s with the warm air to the north. On the way the warm air 4 some cold air. The cold air makes the warm air move 5 above the ground. The warm air becomes 6 when it goes up, and the vapour in it changes into very small drops of water again. There are millions and millions of these small drops in a 7 . The small drops come together into bigger and bigger drops. Our raindrop is one of them. Then the drop 8 so big that it is too 9 to stay in the cloud, and it falls to the ground. In this way, the water of our raindrop starts 10 to the sea again. 1．A．drops B．carries C．runs D．lets 2．A．lake B．river C．air D．sea 3．A．water B．sun C．air D．earth 4．A．meets B．takes C．sees D．brings 5．A．tall B．high C．wide D．deep 6．A．warm B．small C．cool D．big 7．A．cloud B．air C．sky D．sea 8．A．comes B．changes C．becomes D．falls 9．A．big B．heavy C．small D．light 10．A．dropping B．falling C．staying D．traveling 二、短文填空 阅读下面短文，根据语境或所给单词的提示，在每个空格中填入不多于两个恰当的词，要求所填的词意义准确、形式正确，使短文意思完整、行文连贯。 Everyone needs water, and every drop is important. 1 March 22nd, World Water Day draws attention to the importance of water in our lives, the problems many people have getting clean water, 2 solutions (解决方法) to these problems. Up to 60% of  the human body is water, and we need to drink lots of water to be 3 (health) . Like needing clean water to drink, we need it for 4 (cook) , washing and brushing our teeth. 5 (farm) use water to make the plants grow. We also use a lot of water to make clothes. Do you know that it takes about 2, 700 6 (kilo) of water to make one T-shirt? We all need water to live, but more than two billion people 7 the world live without clean water. Many of them live in the countryside or in places where there is a war (战争) . Some people live in deserts. It is very hot there, so it is very hard for them 8 (get) water. 9 we drink dirty water, we will feel bad. In some countries, 10 (woman) and children walk a long way every day to get water, but sometimes the water isn’t even clean! 综合拓展练（测试时间：10分钟） 1、 阅读理解 （24-25七年级下·广东深圳·期末）①As a world leader in clean energy development, China is playing an important part in protecting the environment. ②China remains the world’s largest seller of clean energy products. It produces and exports (出口) different kinds of green energy products, such as electric cars and clean-powered machines. These products are now used in more than 190 countries around the world, such as Germany and Australia. ③Inside China, clean energy has also grown quickly in recent years. More people are using electric cars instead of gas-powered ones, and many cities are using clean power to light streets and run public transport. These changes help cut pollution and improve the quality of daily life. ④Besides, China is working hard to make clean energy better and more affordable. Over the past ten years, prices have gone down, but the quality has improved. This means people can get better quality for less money. ⑤What’s more, the Chinese government has put a large amount of money into the clean energy industry. In 2024, it spent about $940 billion in this area. It also encourages the whole society to move towards green development. ⑥By using more green energy and helping others do the same, China is taking real steps to protect the planet, not only for today, but also for the future of the whole world. 1．What can we learn about China’s clean energy products? A．They are sold to over 190 countries. B．They are only used inside the country. C．They are mainly sold to Germany and Japan. D．They are becoming more expensive each year. 2．What can we infer (推断) from Paragraph 3? A．More people use cleaner ways to travel. B．Fewer people are using clean energy in cities. C．Clean energy has made little difference in daily life. D．Gas-powered cars are becoming more popular in China. 3．What does the underlined word “more affordable” mean? A．Bigger. B．Cheaper. C．Harder. D．Higher. 4．What is Paragraph 5 mainly about? A．It shows China’s clean energy still has a problem. B．It explains why clean energy is expensive in China. C．It compares China’s clean energy with other countries’. D．It shows how the government helps develop clean energy. 5．Which of the following shows the structure of this passage? A． B． C． D． （24-25七年级下·广东深圳·期末）阅读下面短文，并从文后的六个选项中选择五个还原到原文中，使原文的意思完整、连贯。 Tips to Save Water and Electricity in Our Schools Water and electricity are important for all of us. We use them every day at school, and there’s something we can do to save them. 6 First of all, let’s focus on saving water. Always double-check that you turn off the taps after washing your hands. 7 If you see a running tap, tell your teacher right away. When you’re filling up your water bottle from the water fountain, don’t let the water run wild. Just take what you need. 8 Turn off the lights when there’s plenty of natural light in the classroom. Also, remember to turn off the fans when nobody’s in the room. And don’t leave things like the projector, computers, or TVs on standby. 9 In the corridors and stairs, some lights come on automatically. But we should still be careful and not mess around to make them turn on more than necessary. Saving water and electricity at school is necessary for all of us. 10 Besides, it’s good for the planet as well. Let’s get started right now and encourage all our mates to join in! A．Don’t break it! B．Here are some useful tips! C．It helps our school cut down on costs. D．Second, let’s think about saving electricity. E．A tiny drip can waste lots of water over time. F．Always make sure to switch them off completely when you’re done. 1 / 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $