Unit 4 Scientists who changed the world 期末复习词汇闯关-2025-2026学年高中英语译林版必修第三册

**基本信息** 以“科学家改变世界”单元主题为依托，构建“词汇记忆-语法应用-语境运用”三阶训练体系，强化语言能力与科学思维的融合。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|题型特征|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |核心词汇默写|39题（deadly/survival等）|纯词汇拼写与释义匹配|从基础词汇记忆切入，夯实单元核心词群| |单句语法填空|20题（过去分词作定状补等）|语法点+词汇变形综合考查|以过去分词用法为核心，关联时态、词性转换逻辑| |中文提示/首字母填空|30题（evolution/surround等）|主题语境中的词汇应用|结合科学主题（如疟疾防治、进化论），实现词汇从记忆到语境运用的迁移|

B3U4 Scientists who changed the world 期末复习词汇闯关 班级：_______________ 姓名：_______________ 1、 2、 核心词汇默写 1. 2. _______________ adj.致命的；十足的，彻底的 3. _______________ n. 生存，存活；残存物 4. _______________ adj. 广泛的；宽阔的；开阔的 5. _______________ vi. & vt. 想要，计划；意指 6. _______________ 查阅，参考；提到，谈及 7. _______________ n. 实验，试验；尝试，实践 vi. 做试验，进行实验；尝试 8. _______________ adj. 有限的 9. _______________ n. 容器；集装箱，货柜 10. _______________ vt. 延迟，延期 11. _______________ adj. 足够的，充足的 12. _______________ （使）加速 13. _______________ 反复试验 14. _______________ n. 智慧，知识，学问；才智 15. _______________ adj. 有益的，有用的 16. _______________ vt. & vi. 实施；指挥；引导 17. _______________ vt. 说明，解释；加插图于 18. _______________ vt. 围绕，环绕；包围 19. _______________ vt. 表明；暗示；提及；指出 20. _______________ 偶然，意外地 21. _______________ adj. 有才智的，聪明的 22. _______________ vt.较喜欢；偏袒；有助于n. 帮助，好事；赞同；偏袒 23. _______________ n.学说，论；原理；看法，意见 24. _______________ vt. & vi. 充电；收费；控告；使…承担责任；使充满 n. 收费；控告；谴责；掌管 25. _______________ adj. 电的，发电的，电动的 26. _______________ 很成功；引人注目 27. _______________ vt. 牵涉；包含；（使）参加 28. _______________ adj. 科学的，关于科学的 29. _______________ n. 赞扬，认可；信用 vt. 存入金额；把…归于 30. _______________ adj. 道德的；道义上的；品行端正的 n. 品行，道德；寓意 31. _______________ vt. & vi. 应用；申请；涂；有关 32. _______________ vt. 取消，使无效；否认，否定 33. _______________ n. 无知 34. _______________ 想当然认为，认为是理所当然 35. _______________ n. 权威；权力；官方 36. _______________ vt. & vi. 允许，准许 n.许可证 37. _______________ n. 责任，负责；职责，义务 38. _______________ vt. 表明，宣称；公布，宣布 39. _______________ n. 国籍；民族 40. _______________ vt. 出版，发行；发表 3、 单句语法填空（单元语法重点：过去分词done作定语、状语和宾语补足语） 1. The photos ______________(take) after the earthquake illustrated the full scale of the destruction. 2. Though _______________(face) with countless failures, she never gave up. 3. After being awarded the _______________(high) honor—the State Preeminent Science and Technology Award—Qian Qihu had all his prize money ________________(donate) to charity to help students in need. 4. Either you or your partner _______________(need) to record the data before the experiment ends. 5. Tu Youyou _______________(acquire) a broad knowledge of both traditional Chinese medicine and Western medicine since she studied in Beijing. 6. A broad smile _______________(spread) across the rescuer’s face as he ____________(see) the survivor alive. 7. Limited resources in the lab were the biggest challenge Tu Youyou _______________(face) during the fight against malaria. 8. _______________(speed) up the process, the team volunteered to test the extract on themselves first. 9. The _______________ disease caused many _______________, and those who were ____________ hoped for a miracle. (die) 10. The chef ____________(accident) added sugar instead of salt, but the dish became a hit ________ accident when customers loved the sweet flavor. 11. The ancient garden in Suzhou _______________ by quiet rivers and green hills, and its peaceful _______________ attract many visitors every year.(surround) 12. They ____________ the birds from the cage, and the birds enjoyed their ______________ in the sky.(free) 13. He _______________ for the job and filled out the _______________ form carefully.(apply) 14. You need official ____________ to enter the construction site. Even if you have a reason, you won’t be ____________ until the documents are checked. (permit) 15. Without ____________(hesitate), she volunteered to test the medicine on herself, ________ the potential risks. 16. It is wise __________ young scientists to learn from the successes and failures of those __________ came before them. 17. The intelligent rescue robot can search for survivors in places __________ humans cannot reach. 18. In contrast to those __________ seek fame and wealth, Tu Youyou remained modest after being awarded the Nobel Prize. 19. The experience served as a reminder that failure is not the end __________ a stepping stone to success. 20. The 190 failures whispered “give up”, __________ her determination shouted louder. 4. 4、 根据中文提示填空 1. He worked out that by flying a kite during a _______________(雷雨), electricity could go through the wet kite line down to the earth. 2. Darwin put forward the theory of __________(进化) by natural selection and ___________(出版) the Origin of Species in 1859. 3. The history test showed Tom’s _______________(无知) about ancient Chinese inventions, as he couldn’t name any creation from the Song Dynasty besides the compass. 4. When applying for a passport, state your _____________(国籍), date of birth, and address to verify identity. 5. The workers used large containers to transport relief _______________(供给) to the disaster area. 6. In the 1960s, many people were dying of malaria, and in 1969 Tu became head of a team that __________(打算) to find a cure for the disease. 7. As Louis Pasteur said, “Fortune _______________(偏袒) the prepared mind.” 8. Scientific knowledge is an enabling power to do either good or bad—but it does not carry instructions on how to __________(应用) it.  9. Before going to the beach, make sure to __________(涂) sunscreen thoroughly on your neck and ears. 10. The first way in which science is of value is familiar to everyone:_______________(科学的) knowledge enables us to do and make all kinds of things.  5、 首字母填空 1. Tu Youyou has become the first female scientist of the People’s R___________ of China to receive a Nobel Prize, awarded for her contribution to the fight against malaria, which is one of the d________ diseases in human history. 2. In November 1972, through t__________ and error, they successfully discovered qinghaosu—the most effective part of the qinghao extract. 3. Thanks to her discovery of qinghaosu, malaria patients all over the world now have had a greatly increased chance of s_______________. 4. The campus music festival went off with a b__________, and the audience broke into enthusiastic cheers after every performance. 5. Could you do me a f_______________ and help me carry these medical supplies to the ambulance? 6. Opportunities and success tend to be in f_____________ of those who are ready. 7. The student council president proudly announced she was in c___________ of organizing the charity marathon to raise funds for children in poor families. 8. Newton’s t_______________ of gravity explains everyday phenomena like why apples fall from trees and why planets orbit the sun instead of floating away into space. 9. Weather p_____________, I’d like to climb the mountain this week. 10. The bright red light on the computer screen i______________ that the battery is below 10% and needs to be charged immediately. 11. I should have c__________ my cellphone last night. Now the battery is running out. 12. The soccer game was p__________ to next month because the team captain injured his ankle during practice. 13. The science experiment was c______________ by the students under the teacher’s guidance. 14. The biology textbook uses colorful diagrams to i____________ how the human heart pumps blood, making complex processes easier to understand. 15. Many teenagers take it for g___________ that their parents will prepare breakfast every morning, forgetting to say thank you even once a week. 16. The quiet lake, s_____________ by a thick forest, offers shade to hikers and shelters birds nesting in tall trees. 17. I__________ for children, these fairy tales have profound meanings. 18. Regular exercise is b___________ to both physical and mental health, especially after a stressful event. 19. Our family’s l_______________ vacation time meant we could only visit two cities instead of five during our spring break trip to Japan. 20. The fresh air and peaceful surroundings were b____________ to her recovery after the operation. 参考答案： 一、核心词汇默写 1. deadly 2. survival 3. broad 4. mean 5. refer to 6. experiment 7. limited 8. container 9. delay 10. sufficient 11. speed up 12. trial and error 13. wisdom 14. beneficial 15. conduct 16. illustrate 17. surround 18. indicate 19. by accident 20. intelligent 21. favour 22. theory 23. charge 24. electric 25. go off with a bang 26. involve 27. scientific 28. credit 29. moral 30. apply 31. deny 32. ignorance 33. take…for granted 34. authority 35. permit 36. responsibility 37. declare 38. nationality 39. publish 二、单句语法填空 1. taken 2. faced 3. highest; donated 4. needs 5. has acquired 6. spread; saw 7. faced 8. To speed 9. deadly; deaths; dying 10. accidentally; by 11. is surrounded; surroundings 12. freed; freedom 13. applied; application 14. permission; permitted 15. hesitation; ignoring 16. for; who 17. which/that 18. who 19. but 20. but 三、根据中文提示填空 1. thunderstorm 2. evolution; published 3. ignorance 4. nationality 5. supplies 6. meant 7. favours 8. apply 9. apply 10. scientific 四、首字母填空 1. Republic; deadliest 2. trial 3. survival 4. bang 5. favour 6. favour 7. charge 8. theory 9. permitting 10. indicates 11. charged 12. postponed 13. conducted 14. illustrate 15. granted 16. surrounded 17. Intended 18. beneficial 19. limited 20. beneficial 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $