Unit 4 Scientists who changed the world 二-2025-2026学年高中英语必修第三册期末词汇复习（译林版）

期末词汇复习 必修第三册·译林版·Unit4 Scientistswhochangedtheworld二 一、】 重点单词详解 1:conduct 一、核心考点 词性：动词(t.&vi.) 核心义：组织，实施：指挥；引导：举止 二、构词法（词性转换） 名词：conduction /kan'dkn/(n.传导；输送)：conductor /kan'dAkta(/(n.导体；指挥 家；列车员) 形容词：conductive/kan'dktv/(adj.传导的) 三、用法与常见搭配 conduct an experiment(做实验)：conduct a survey(进行调查)；conduct oneself(举止得 体)：conduct a meeting(主持会议) 四、重点辨析 conduct vs.organize:conduct强调有计划地执行（如conduct research),organize侧重安 排组织（如organize a party)。 2:illustrate 一、 核心考点 词性：动词(t.) 核心义：说明，解释；加图于 二、构词法（词性转换） 名词：llustration/la'strer n/(n.插图；例证) 形容词：illustrative/'rlastratrv/(adj.说明性的) 、 用法与常见搭配 illustrate sth.with sth.（用…说明…)；illustrate a point(阐明观点) 四、例句 The teacher illustrated the theory with examples.（老师用例子解释了这个理论。) 3:indicate 一、核心考点 词性：动词(t.) 核心义：表明；暗示；指出 二、构词法（词性转换） 名词：indication/,Ind'kern/(n.迹象；指示)；indicator/'mndikerta(r)/(n.指示器；指标) 形容词：indicative /m'drketrv/(adj.暗示的；指示的) 三、用法与常见搭配 indicate sth.tosb.（向某人指出某事)；indicate that..(表明…)；indicate a trend(显示 趋势) 四、重点辨析 indicate vs.suggest:indicate强调客观显示（如data indicate),suggest侧重主观暗示（如 I suggest)。 4:charge 核心考点 词性：动词(t.&vi.)、名词(n.) 核心义：充电：收费；控告；遣责：使…承担责任；使充满；n.收费；控告：遣责；掌管 二、 构词法（词性转换） 形容词：charged /tfa:d3d/(adj.带电的；充满情绪的) 三、用法与常见搭配 charge sb.with sth.（控告某人…)；charge for sth.(为…收费)；in charge of(负责 …):take charge(接管)：charge a battery(给电池充电) 四、一词多义 The restaurant charges fl0 for the meal.(收费)；He was charged with theft.(控告) 5:surround 核心考点 词性：动词(t.) 核心义：围绕，环绕；包围 构词法（词性转换） 名词：surroundings/sa'raundn)z/(n.环境)；surrounding/sa'raondu/(adj.周围的) 三、用法与常见搭配 be surrounded by/with(被…环绕)：surround oneself with(与…为伴) 四、例句 The house is surrounded by trees..(房子被树环绕。) 6:favour 、 核心考点 词性：动词(t.)、名词(n.) 核心义：较喜欢；偏祖；有助于；n.帮助，好事；赞同；偏祖 二、构词法（词性转换） 形容词：favourable/ferverabl/(adj.有利的；赞同的)；favourite/fervart/(adj.最喜欢 的) 二、 用法与常见搭配 dosb.a favour（帮某人忙)；in favour of(支持…)；favour sb.with sth.(赐予某人某 物) 四、例句 She favoured a peaceful solution.（她倾向于和平解决。) 7:intelligent core考点 词性：形容词(ad山.) 核心义：有才智的；聪明的 构词法（词性转换） 名词：intelligence /In'telrd3ans/(n.智力；情报)；intelligencer/m'telrd3nsa()/(n.情报 员) 副词：intelligently/m'telrd3nti/(adv.聪明地) 三、 用法与常见搭配 an intelligent decision(明智的决定)；intelligent beings(智慧生物) 四、重点辨析 intelligent vs.clever:intelligent强调智商高（如intelligent student),clever侧重灵活机智 (如clever idea)。 8:atomic 一、 核心考点 词性：形容词(ad.) 核心义：原子能的；原子的 二、构词法（词性转换） 名词：atom/etm/(n.原子)；atomics/A'tomrks/(n.原子学) 三、 用法与常见搭配 atomic energy（原子能)；atomic bomb(原子弹)；atomic structure(原子结构) 四、例句 Atomic power is a clean energy source.(原子能是清洁能源。) 9:standout 一、 核心考点 词性：形容词(ad山j.)、名词(n.) 核心义：突出的；n.突出的人物 二、构词法（合成词） 由”stand+out”构成，字面意为”站出来的”，引申为”突出的”。 用法与常见搭配 a standout performance(出色的表演)；a standout among.(…中的佼佼者) 四、例句 Her design was a standout in the competition.(她的设计是比赛中的亮点。) 10:electric 一、 核心考点 词性：形容词(adj.) 核心义：电的；电动的 二、构词法（词性转换） 名词：electricity/,lek't虹sati/(n.电)：electrician /I lek't虹/(n.电工) 三、重点辨析 electric vs.electrical:electric指直接用电的（如electric car),electrical指与电相关的 (如electrical engineering)。 四、搭配 electric appliances(电器)；electric current(电流) 二、词汇巩固练习 (一)单项选择(10题) 1.The scientist spent three years_research on climate change. A)conducting B)organizing C)indicating D)illustrating 2.The teacher used a map to the distribution of natural resources. A)charge B)indicate C)favour D)surround 3.My phone is dead,I need to it before going out A)charge B)conduct C)illustrate D)stand out 4.The small village is_by mountains and rivers. A)indicated B)surrounded C)favoured D)charged 5.Her performance in the play was a_;everyone praised her A)standout B)conduction C)illustration D)indicator 6.The data_that global temperatures are rising steadily. A)suggests B)indicates C)favours D)charges 7.He was_with theft after the police found stolen goods in his house A)charged B)conducted C)surrounded D)indicated 8.Most students are_online learning as it offers more flexibility. A)in charge of B)in favour of C)surrounded by D)indicated by 9._cars are becoming more popular due to their low carbon emissions. A)Electrical B)Atomic C)Electric D)Intelligent 10.The_structure of water molecules determines its unique properties. A)atomic B)electric C)conductive D)illustrative (二)根据提示补全句子(8题) 1.The(conduct)of the experiment required careful planning. 2.The book includes many colorful(illustrate)to help readers understand. 3.There is no (indicate)that the problem will be solved soon. 4.The(surround)villages have developed into tourist attractions. 5.She has a(favour)attitude towards the new policy 6.(intelligent)is not just about academic but also problem-solving skills 7.The(electric)went out during the storm,leaving the city in darkness. 8.A good(conduct)should guide the orchestra with passion. (三)首字母填空(10题) 1.The manager asked me to c_a survey about customer satisfaction. 2.The speaker used a story to i her point about teamwork. 3.Red traffic lights ithat drivers must stop. 4.Could you do me a f and pass the salt? 5.The hotel charges 200 dollars per night,including s 6.The castle is s_by a high stone wall. 7.Einstein was known for his great i and contributions to science. 8.The new museum has several s_exhibits that attract thousands of visitors. 9.A energy is produced by splitting atoms 10.My father is an ewho fixes electrical problems in our neighborhood. (四)答案与解析 1.单项选择答案：ABABABABCA 2.补全句子答案： conduction illustrations indication surrounding favourable intelligence electricity conductor 3.首字母填空答案： conduct illustrate indicate favour service surrounded intelligence standout atomic electrician 英语词汇复习手册·必修第三册·Unit4 Scientists who changed the world二