专题05 词汇填空（湖南专用）2026年中考英语二模分类汇编

**基本信息** 初中英语词汇填空题汇编，涵盖人与自我、社会、自然三大主题，精选湖南多地二模真题，情境真实且融入文化元素，适配中考复习需求。 **题型特征** |题型|题量/分值|知识覆盖|命题特色| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |词汇填空|多主题12篇短文，每篇10空|动词、名词等词形变化，固定搭配（如share...with...）及时态语法|情境贴近生活（如宠物照顾、团队合作），融入文化（如“叶公好龙”、龙舟赛），问题梯度从基础到语境理解|

专题05 词汇填空 主题01 人与自我——宠物与责任；自我反思；人生哲理；体育运动 Passage 1 （2026·初三·湖南省张家界市·二模） 阅读下面短文，根据内容从方框中选择合适的单词，将其正确形式填入空白处。每个单词限用一次，有一词为多余选项。 care  happy  or  carry  with  minute  he  good  health  an  avoid On Mingming’s birthday, he gets a cute cat from his parents. Dad tells him, “A 1 pet needs both love and rules.” “That’s very easy!” Mingming says 2 and names the cat Sunny. He decides to look after Sunny well. Every day, he follows the rules carefully 3 for his new friend: He cleans the litter box, feeds Sunny fresh fish and other cat food, and plays with Sunny for half 4 hour. One afternoon, Mingming 5 a bag of chocolate cookies home and called, “Sunny! Today, I’ll treat you to something delicious!” Sunny ran over, smelt it and ate a little. But only thirty 6 later, the cat began vomiting (呕吐) badly. Luckily, Mum and Mingming found this and took Sunny to the animal hospital at once. The doctor finally saved the cat. When Sunny got 7 than before, the doctor asked Mingming, “Don’t you know chocolate is harmful to cats? You must know cats can’t have salty 8 sweet food either.” Mingming felt awful, “I just wanted to share my favorite snack 9 my friend...” Now, Mingming becomes a responsible pet lover. He writes in 10 diary: life is like a garden—it grows well only when we keep it with love and order. Passage 2 （2026·初三·湖南省邵阳市隆回县·二模） 阅读短文，从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使短文通顺、意思完整。每空限填一词，每词限用一次。 make    good    simple    on    stop    I    experience    that    clear    disadvantage Last term our class had a group project on environmental protection, and I was in charge of a group. I insisted (坚持) on my idea of 1 a poster, but my teammates’ advice was to create a short video. I was so focused (专注的) on “being in charge” 2 I didn’t notice their disappointment. Several days later, our class teacher checked how we got along with the project. All the groups showed their works. Our poster was 3 compared with other groups’ creative videos. I felt sad. That night, I sat quietly, thinking and asking 4 : What really went wrong? I realized I had been too confident, letting my pride stop me from thinking 5 . This moment of understanding hit me brightly: I had not been seeing my biggest 6 —not wanting to listen to others. I apologized (道歉) to my teammates the next day, and we worked 7 the project together. Their ideas added things I’d never thought of, and we finally got a good grade. This 8 taught me that self-improvement started with self-reflection (自我反思). Now, I often 9 to ask myself: Am I listening to others? Am I growing from what people tell me? These small things help me become a(n) 10 student and person. True growth isn’t about being perfect. It’s about being willing to look at myself and keep getting better. Passage 3 （2026·初三·湖南省益阳市沅江市·二模） 阅读下面短文，根据短文内容，从下面方框内所给词中选择意义相符的词填入空白处，必要时进行词形变化和时态变化，每空一词，每词只能填一次。 but    true    he    a    real    hide    surprised    ones    with    down Long ago, in ancient China, there lived 1 man named Lord Ye. He loved dragons so much that he made his whole house full of dragon things. The walls, doors, and windows were all painted 2 dragon patterns (图案). Even his clothes and cups had dragon pictures on them. He read many stories about dragons and often drew dragons in his free time. Everyone thought he was the biggest dragon fan in the world. One sunny afternoon, when Lord Ye was drawing a dragon in 3 study, something unexpected happened. The sky suddenly turned dark, and a strong wind began to blow. A 4 dragon heard about Lord Ye’s love and decided to visit him. It flew 5 from the clouds, put its big head through the window, and said “hello” to Lord Ye. When Lord Ye saw the real dragon, he was very afraid. His face turned pale. He jumped up, ran to his bedroom, and 6 under the bed, shaking all over. The dragon was 7 and sad. It had thought Lord Ye truly loved dragons, but now it knew the 8 . The dragon flew back to the sky quietly. Later, Lord Ye told his friends, “I only liked the pictures of dragons, not the real 9 !” Today, people use the idiom “Ye Gong Hao Long” to talk about those who say they love something 10 do not really like it at all. This story tells us that we should be honest about our true feelings instead of pretending (假装) to like things we don’t. Passage 4 (2026·初三·湖南省娄底市娄星区·二模) 阅读短文，从方框中选出正确的词并用其适当形式填空，使短文通顺、意思完整。每空限填一词，每词限用一次)。 two   because   health   weekend   run   help   important   final   skill   feel Hi, I’m Mary! I keep 1 by doing three types of exercise. Let me show you what they are! First, I like 2 in the park. I usually go for a run 3 a week. Running 4 me build my strength (力量) and change my mood. I love the fresh air and the feeling of freedom. Second, I practice yoga 5 yoga makes me feel calm and peaceful. I often do yoga at home on 6 . It helps me relax and stretch my body. I enjoy focusing on my breathing (呼吸) and finding balance. 7 , I play basketball with my friends. We play basketball once a week on Sunday afternoon. I like playing basketball because it is perfect for my body. My basketball 8 are also better than theirs. I always feel happy after our games. By running, practicing yoga, and playing basketball, I keep my body active and my mind healthy. These exercises make me 9 good. Staying active is 10 to me, and I love trying new activities! 主题02 人与社会——体育文化；文化交流；团队合作；历史文化 Passage 1 （2026·初三·湖南省长沙市华益中学·二模） 阅读下面短文；在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Sports have a long history in China. Traditional Chinese sports like tai chi, kung fu and dragon boat racing are not only popular in China but also get more and more 1 (fan) all over the world. Tai chi is a soft sport that mixes slow movements (动作), breathing exercises and calm thinking. It is suitable for people of all ages, 2 (special) the elderly. Practicing tai chi can help improve balance, flexibility (灵活性) and mental health. Kung fu, also known 3 martial arts (武术), is a traditional Chinese sport with a long history of thousands of years. It includes many styles such as Shaolin kung fu and Wing Chun. Kung fu not only helps people build physical power but also teaches 4 (they) self-control and respect. Dragon boat racing is a popular sport during the Dragon Boat Festival. Teams of people row dragon-shaped boats in rivers or lakes. The racing 5 (see) as a symbol of teamwork and perseverance (毅力). It is 6 international sport, with competitions held in many countries around the world. In the past few years, modern sports like basketball, football and tennis 7 (become) very popular in China. Many schools offer sports courses and organize sports events to encourage students 8 (take) part in physical activities. The government also supports the development of sports by 9 (build) more sports facilities (设施) and hosting international sports events. Sports play an important role in Chinese people’s lives. Whether they are traditional sports 10 modern sports, they bring health and happiness to people. Passage 2 （2026·初三·湖南省衡阳市·二模） 阅读下面短文，根据内容从方框中选择合适的单词，将其正确形式填入空白处。每个单词限用一次。 to   the   come   play   start   they   good   but   song   successful As one of the most famous choirs (合唱团) in the world, the Vienna Boys’ Choir has a history of over 500 years. In 2013, 1 choir welcomed its first Chinese conductor (指挥), Jimmy Chiang Chi Bun. Chiang 2 from Hong Kong. He began his musical training very early. His parents were not professional (专业的) musicians, but 3 deep love for music influenced him greatly. He learned 4 the piano at four and made his first stage appearance at five. In 2013, Chiang 5 leading the Vienna Boys’ Choir. Since then, he has worked to introduce Chinese music to the world. In 2018, Chiang and his choir recorded the classic work I Love You, China 6 . “Most choir members can’t speak Chinese, 7 they truly feel the emotion (情感),” he said. Since the choir’s first China tour in 2015, Chiang has included many Chinese 8 like Jasmine Flower in their performances. Last year, he led the choir on a China tour. He chose “From the Danube 9 the Yangtze River” as the theme (主题), so Song of the Yangtze River became the key piece. Chiang believes that music is the 10 cultural bridge between China and the world. Passage 3 (2026·初三·湖南省常德市·二模) 用方框中所给单词的适当形式填空，使短文通顺、正确、连贯，每个单词限用一次。 two  important  from  ask  we  although  loud  develop  the  try Ole is a student from Norway at East China Normal University. He first visited China in 2016, and since then, he 1 a deep interest in traditional Chinese culture. Recently, he and his team won the Shanghai International Students Dragon Boat Race. It was the team’s sixth win in a row and his 2 time winning the first prize. “I was introduced to dragon boat racing in the spring of 2023. My teacher noticed my strong arms and encouraged me 3 it,” said Ole. When he 4 the secret of his success, he replied, “There is no ’I’, but only ’we’.” My teammates are international students coming 5 different countries. Before we became the champions, we practiced rowing three times a week, trying to match the strokes with the drumbeat. At first, we weren’t very good. We did not know where 6 problem lay. However, with continuous effort, we learned that teamwork is the key. 7 we are culturally different, we are one team in the race. Before each race, the team would stand in a circle and cheer 8 . “Taking part in this sport, we realized the 9 of cooperation. We trained hard, each stroke (划桨) bringing 10 closer to understanding the tradition of Dragon Boat Festival,” said Ole proudly. Passage 4 (2026·初三·湖南省湘潭市雨湖区·二模) 请从方框内选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使文章完整连贯。注意每空一词，每词仅用一次。请将答案写在答题卡对应题目的答题位置上。 connect     she     as     country     how     take     rich     but     develop     wide It is well-known that silk was discovered in China. 1 one of the best materials for clothes, it has a perfect look and feel. There is a story about 2 silk was discovered. Over 4000 years ago, a silkworm cocoon (蚕茧) fell into a woman’s teacup. As she tried to 3 the cocoon out, it started to unwind (展开) and the “line” seemed endless. 4 realized that the strong line could be used to make clothes. For hundreds of years after that, silk was only used by 5 people because of its high cost. With the 6 of the silk industry, more silk was produced. And it was used more 7 than before. In the Han Dynasty, silk was transported as far as Spain and many other 8 . The trade road was known as the Silk Road. It 9 China with the rest of the world and played quite an important role in the world trade. Today, silk can be used for many kinds of things, not only for clothes, 10 also for paintings, kites, and even fishing nets. Wherever Chinese silk goes around the world, it is always warmly received. 主题03 人与自然——植物科普；动物保护 Passage 1 (2026·初三·湖南省娄底市·二模) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或单词的正确形式。 grow      large      eat      health      leaf      one      red      they      why      careful Strawberries are the favourite fruit of many children. As a 1 snack, they are loved by people of all ages. But do you really know how these sweet red fruits grow? China is the world’s top strawberry grower. Among its provinces, Shandong produces the 2 number of strawberries, and Jiangsu comes second. Strawberry seeds (种子) need to experience cold weather to start 3 . The best growing season is from April to June. However, in some warm areas, strawberries can grow almost all year round with proper care. The growth of a strawberry is an interesting process. 4 , farmers plant the seeds in the soil. After some time, the seeds develop roots, stems (茎) and 5 . Then, white and yellow flowers appear. A small, green and sour strawberry grows from each flower. As it grows day by day, it turns bright 6 . Only when a strawberry is bright red is it ripe (成熟的) and ready to be 7 . Strawberries are usually grown in long rows on farms. When they are fully ripe, farmers collect them 8 and send them to farm stands and grocery stores. That’s 9 we can enjoy fresh strawberries easily in our daily life. Many people like to pick strawberries by 10 on the farm. It is a fun activity that lets them get close to nature and enjoy the taste of the fruit at the same time. Passage 2 (2026·初三·湖南省岳阳市岳阳楼区·二模) 阅读下面短文，从方框中选择合适的单词，并用其适当形式填空，使短文完整、通顺。 care    fish    because    water    when    for    check    less    animal    the The Yangtze finless porpoise (江豚) is a cute animal that lives in China’s Yangtze River. Sadly, its population dropped sharply—from about 2,700 in the early 1990s to only 1,800 by 2006. Why? 1 more and more boats made the river noisy and dirty. To protect the river and the animals, the Chinese government has taken action. One great idea is the “river and lake chief system” (河湖长制). It asks leaders at different levels to take 2 of rivers and lakes. For example, Ouyang Junnian, a river chief in Hunan, 3 the river every day. He also helps stop 4 pollution and protects the riverbanks. Another important measure that started in 2021 is a 10-year fishing ban (禁渔令). People are not allowed 5 in the Yangtze River. This is necessary because too much fishing means 6 food for the porpoises. Also, some porpoises get caught in fishing nets by accident 7 people are fishing on the Yangtze River. Thanks to these efforts, 8 number of Yangtze finless porpoises increased from 1,012 in 2017 to 1,249 in 2022. Many other 9 , such as the Chinese sturgeon (中华鲟), are also returning to the river. What we do can make a big difference. Let’s keep working together to protect this lovely “panda of the water”. And make the Yangtze River a safe home 10 all animals. 主题01 人与自我——家庭生活；学生生活；人生感悟；体育精神 Passage 1 (2026·初三·湖南省益阳市·二模) 阅读下面短文，根据内容从方框中选择合适的单词，将其正确形式填入空白处。每个单词限用一次。 with   story   he   but   read   be   eat   go   good   same Home is a place where we build close ties with our family. As the saying goes, “East or west, home is the best.” That’s true. We share our joys and hard times under the 1 roof (屋顶). Simon lives in a beautiful and comfortable house 2 his parents and brother, which is filled with warm moments. Their living room is very big. There is an old 3 comfortable sofa and a wooden desk. Every weekend, Simon and his brother tell 4 to each other and play games there. They have a great time together. The kitchen is 5 favorite place. After school, he can’t wait 6 back home, as the nice smell of his mom’s cooking always makes him feel relaxed. They talk about school life while they are 7 . He is happy to talk about his day to his family. In his room, there is a bed, a desk, a clock and a bookcase. He always 8 books from his bookcase before going to bed at night. There 9 many books in it, including classic (经典的) and science books. His house is more than a place to live in. It’s a warm and safe place. He feels safe, warm and happy here. Without doubt, it is the 10 place in the world. Passage 2 (2026·初三·湖南省长沙市一中岳麓中学·二模) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Hunan’s tourism welcomed a warm spring this year. The province had planned to set up spring breaks for primary and middle school students. This policy (政策) 1 (discuss) at the Two Sessions (两会) on March 5. The local government supported it to encourage family travel and help increase consumption (消费) in Hunan and nearby areas. Taking Hengyang as an example, a spring break plan was announced earlier: from April 1 to April 3, students enjoyed a three-day spring break. When it was connected 2 the Tomb-Sweeping Day holiday, the vacation lasted up to six days. Changsha, along with other 3 (city) in Hunan, also had similar plans. This made it 4 (easy) for families to travel together than before. Travel agencies in Hunan reported the tourism market grew 5 (rapid) this spring. According to a local travel platform, popular spots in Changsha such as Yuelu Mountain, Orange Isle, and Wuyi Square 6 (see) tourist numbers double during the spring break period. Experts believe the spring break is good for both families and Hunan’s economy, 7 it encourages family outings and study trips. Lu Ming, 8 adviser, suggests that the spring break should be popularized across the whole province. He says the policy can reduce students’ study pressure and let parents spend more time with 9 (they) children. He also advises companies 10 (offer) parents paid leave (带薪假) so that families can enjoy a better time together and strengthen family bonds. Passage 3 (2026·初三·湖南省湘西州凤凰县·二模) 阅读下面短文，根据短文内容，从下面方框内所给词中选择意义相符的词填入空白处，必要时进行词形变化和时态变化，每词限用一次。 and   sad   plan   the   strict   he   however   at   drive   only The other day, I finished reading A Man Called Ove. The book is about a man in his seventies. He is good 1 building things. After losing his wife, Sonja, he feels very sad and 2 to take his own life. 3 , neighbors, strangers and even a cat keep stopping him from doing it. He then helps save a man in front of a train and teaches a pregnant (怀孕的) woman 4 . These moments slowly change 5 . He begins to move past his 6 . In the end, he dies a natural death. Ove seems 7 and often speaks angrily to careless people, but he has a soft heart. His wife Sonja is the 8 person he never gets angry with. He also shows kindness in small ways, like fixing a bike for a shop worker. 9 book is funny and moving. It teaches us that even when life is hard, we can still smile 10 enjoy simple joys. Passage 4 (2026·初三·湖南省湘潭市岳塘区湘钢二中·二模) 阅读下面短文，从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使短文通顺，意思完整。每空限填一词，每词限用一次。 defeat, symbol, truly, as, field, an, although, wish, they, spare The evening of December 27, 2025 was unforgettable for the people of Yongzhou City, Hunan Province. The final of the 2025 Hunan Football League, popularly known 1 the “Xiangchao”, was held at the Helong Sports Center in Changsha. The Yongzhou team 2 the Changde team 1-0 and won the championship(冠军). With the simplest love and strongest will (意志), the Yongzhou team made 3 impossible dream come true. In fact, the Yongzhou team began with almost nothing—no proper training 4 , very little money, and worn-out shoes. The team jokingly called 5 the “beggar team (叫花子队)”. Most players in the team were students under 20. They studied during the day and only in the evening did they have 6 time to practice. They didn’t have professional football shoes, so they had to play in common shoes; Their 7 were simple: some wanted new football shoes; some hoped for a 500-yuan meal card. 8 the team faced many difficulties, their head coach, Huang Churu, never gave up on them. He made every young player remember the words “Yong Chong Feng”, meaning “always push ahead”. Now, the spirit has become a shared one for all the people in Yongzhou, Today, the championship trophy (奖杯) reminds everyone in Yongzhou what teamwork and belief can 9 achieve. It’s not just a sports victory; it has become a(n) 10 of the city’s courage and persistence (坚持不懈). The story of these young players inspires all dreamers, showing that real success comes from never giving up, even when no one is watching. 主题02 人与社会——传统文化；文化遗产；语言文化；社会政策 Passage 1 (2026·初三·湖南省郴州市·二模) 从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空, 使短文完整、通顺。 we   on   happy   hundred   important   and   last   make   different   knowledge The Lantern Festival is a traditional festival in China. It falls 1 the 15th day of the first month of the Chinese lunar calendar. It is a happy 2 lively festival with beautiful lantern shows, cultural performances and nice food. Guessing lantern riddles (谜语) is a special and interesting activity. People have done this for 3 of years. Guessing lantern riddles is a(n) 4 part of the festival. During the festival, people write riddles on paper and put them on 5 lanterns. The lanterns are decorated (装饰) with nice pictures of animals, old stories or historical figures (人物), making the streets look beautiful. People guess the riddles 6 , and the streets become busy with friendly competitions. This activity 7 the festival more fun. And it also shows Chinese people value 8 and wisdom. Guessing riddles needs creativity and language skills, so it is a fun challenge for all ages. It also helps people to communicate and share ideas. The traditional activity has 9 for a long time. Today, it still connects old traditions with modern celebrations, telling 10 the power of knowledge and the joy of getting together to celebrate our culture. Passage 2 (2026·初三·湖南省长沙市开福区青竹湖湘一外国语学校·二模) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Since joining the World Heritage Convention (世界遗产公约) in 1985, China has actively protected global cultural and natural heritage. 1 number of World Heritage Sites (世界遗产地) in China has reached 60, making it one of the world’s leading countries in heritage protection. The year 2026 2 (be) the 41st anniversary (周年) of China’s joining the World Heritage Convention. 3 (celebrate) it, a new book titled A Long and Arduous Journey is published by the CITIC Press Group. The book starts with an 4 (introduce) by Lyu Zhou from Tsinghua University, offering a professional view on world heritage value. It covers 11 famous Chinese heritage sites, 5 (include) the Great Wall, Suzhou Classical Gardens, Gulangyu Island and the Beijing Central Axis. The book invites 12 experts to explain the beauty 6 value of each place. Many have 7 (personal) taken part in the nomination (提名) process and now share little-known fascinating stories. These stories show China’s achievements 8 heritage protection. And they also help readers realize the importance of safeguarding (守护) these 9 (treasure). The book helps show China’s cultural treasures to the world and acts as a 10 (practice) travel guide for readers to explore these sites in person. Passage 3 (2026·初三·湖南省永州市·二模) 阅读下面短文，从方框中选择适当的单词并用其正确形式填空，使短文通顺、意思完整。每空限填一词，每词限用一次。 American  use  about  they  mean  slow  call  because  describe  a When the air turns cool and leaves cover the ground, we call this season autumn or fall. But why do Americans usually say “fall” while the British say “autumn”? The story is 1 history and language. A long time ago, people 2 this season “harvest”. This old English word showed the season’s main purpose: collecting farm products at the end of the growing period. As life changed from farming to modern life, the word began to lose its 3 . People needed new words. The word “autumn” comes from the Latin word “autumnus”. It means the time when the leaves fall from the trees and the temperature drops 4 . The Romans also used this word. Later, the French said “automne”. Over time, it became “autumn”. British people liked this word 5 it sounded smooth and carried ideas of change. At the same time, English people used “fall of the leaf” and “fall of the year” to 6 the season. Soon, people shortened them to just “fall”. It was 7 direct and clear word. In the 17th century, people from England went to America. They carried the word “fall” with 8 . It was simple and easy to use. So, it became popular in North America. Meanwhile, in England, people kept 9 “autumn” They liked its sound and its long history. Today, 10 mainly say “fall” The British mainly say “autumn”. They show how language can change in different places. Passage 4 (2026·初三·湖南省长沙市宁乡市·二模) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Spring and Autumn Holidays for Students In March 2026, the National People’s Congress 1 (hold) in Beijing. At the meeting, a new policy, “Supporting qualified places to promote (推动) spring and autumn holidays for primary and secondary schools”, appeared in the government work report 2 the first time. At the same time, 3 (city) like Nanjing and Chengdu have announced that the spring holiday will be connected with the Qingming Festival. The long holiday 4 (great) benefits both students and parents. Students can have a good rest, enjoy nature through outdoor activities 5 gain real-life experiences. A balance between study and rest enables students to focus on 6 (they) learning with more energy. Spending more time with family also 7 (help) improve relationships at home. The paid-leave system for workers will be fully carried out 8 (match) the long holiday. For working parents, paid-leave allows them to stay with their children without 9 (lose) income. It makes it easier to keep a good work-life balance. In my opinion, this is 10 warm change. It not only makes students’ lives more colorful but also helps families live a better life. 主题03 人与自然——环境保护；动物科普 Passage 1 (2026·初三·湖南省长沙市岳麓区·二模) 阅读下面短文，从方框中选择适当的单词并用其正确形式填空，使短文通顺，意思完整。每空限填一词，每词限用一次。 when easy break tree slow they save for strict work We often see bright lights in cities at night. These lights help people but also cause light pollution that harms plants. Light 1 the natural balance that plants need. Plants follow a(n) 2 “day-and-night” rule. During the day, they produce food through photosynthesis (光合作用). At night, they slow down and rest to 3 energy. However, bright night lights prevent cities from being dark at night. This makes plants never stop 4 . One big problem is flowering. Many plants only bloom (开花) 5 nights are long and dark. Too much night light makes 6 bloom late, bloom poorly or not bloom at all. They cannot produce seeds (种子), which is bad for bees and butterflies that feed on flowers. If plants are not fully rested, they will consume (消耗) too much energy. Their growth will become 7 and harder. Young plants are more at risk. Bright lights can stop their roots from growing strong, so they can be blown down 8 by the wind. Trees also suffer. Some need dark nights to prepare 9 winter. Lights make them keep growing new leaves, which will freeze and die in cold weather. Luckily, there are many things we can do to help. We can plant more 10 to block light and tell others about light pollution. Let’s take action to protect plants. Passage 2 (2026·初三·湖南省邵阳市·二模) 阅读下面短文，从方框中选择正确的单词或用单词的适当形式填空，每空一词，每词限用一次。 hurt  scared  why  insect  lucky  in  safe  a  dig  look If you hear a sound like a squeaky (吱吱作响) toy after a rainstorm in the desert, don’t be 1 . That sound might come from the rain frog (雨蛙)— 2 tiny black frog that spends most of its life underground. These special frogs are small animals that live in Africa. Unlike other frogs that can jump and swim, they have short legs and round bodies. These help them 3 holes in the dry soil. That is 4 they stay underground for most of the time. Rain frogs get their name from their special habit—they only come out after rain 5 for food. Most rain frogs cannot swim, so dry environments are actually the 6 place for them. Although they live in dry areas, they need rain to live. After rain, the ground becomes wet, and many small 7 come out. This is the best time for rain frogs to find food. But now, their lives are 8 great danger because of habitat (栖息地) loss and climate change. Since they depend on special dry conditions and regular rain, even small changes can 9 them a lot. 10 , scientists are working hard to learn more about rain frogs before it’s too late. And we can also play a part—we can help protect these little cute animals and their homes. 1 / 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题05 词汇填空 主题01 人与自我——宠物与责任；自我反思；人生哲理；体育运动 Passage 1 （2026·初三·湖南省张家界市·二模） 阅读下面短文，根据内容从方框中选择合适的单词，将其正确形式填入空白处。每个单词限用一次，有一词为多余选项。 care  happy  or  carry  with  minute  he  good  health  an  avoid On Mingming’s birthday, he gets a cute cat from his parents. Dad tells him, “A 1 pet needs both love and rules.” “That’s very easy!” Mingming says 2 and names the cat Sunny. He decides to look after Sunny well. Every day, he follows the rules carefully 3 for his new friend: He cleans the litter box, feeds Sunny fresh fish and other cat food, and plays with Sunny for half 4 hour. One afternoon, Mingming 5 a bag of chocolate cookies home and called, “Sunny! Today, I’ll treat you to something delicious!” Sunny ran over, smelt it and ate a little. But only thirty 6 later, the cat began vomiting (呕吐) badly. Luckily, Mum and Mingming found this and took Sunny to the animal hospital at once. The doctor finally saved the cat. When Sunny got 7 than before, the doctor asked Mingming, “Don’t you know chocolate is harmful to cats? You must know cats can’t have salty 8 sweet food either.” Mingming felt awful, “I just wanted to share my favorite snack 9 my friend...” Now, Mingming becomes a responsible pet lover. He writes in 10 diary: life is like a garden—it grows well only when we keep it with love and order. 【答案】 1．healthy 2．happily 3．to care 4．an 5．carried 6．minutes 7．better 8．or 9．with 10．his 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了明明生日时收到一只猫，起初他热情满满地照顾小猫，却因给猫吃巧克力饼干导致猫呕吐送医。经过这次教训，明明变成了一个负责任的宠物爱好者，并在日记中感悟到生活需要爱与秩序。 【详解】1．句意：一只健康的宠物既需要爱也需要规则。此处需要一个形容词修饰名词“pet”。根据后文“needs both love and rules”以及照顾猫需要注意饮食健康的语境，应用health的形容词形式healthy。 2．句意：明明开心地说：“那太简单了！”并给猫取名叫Sunny。此处需要一个副词修饰动词“says”。根据前文“That’s very easy!”可知，明明觉得养猫很简单，心情是“开心的”，应用happy的副词形式happily。 3．句意：每天，他认真地遵守规则来照顾他的新朋友。此处需要一个动词不定式，表示目的。根据“follows the rules carefully...for his new friend”可知，遵守规则的目的是“照顾”新朋友，应用to care。 4．句意：和Sunny玩半个小时。此处需要一个冠词。“hour”以元音音素开头，且“half an hour”是固定搭配，意为“半小时”，应用an。 5．句意：一天下午，明明带了一袋巧克力饼干回家。此处需要一个动词的过去式，作谓语。根据“One afternoon”可知时态为一般过去时，“带回家”应用carry的过去式carried。 6．句意：但仅仅三十分钟后，猫就开始严重呕吐。此处需要一个名词复数。“thirty”后接可数名词复数，应用minute的复数形式minutes。 7．句意：当Sunny比以前好转时，医生问明明：“你不知道巧克力对猫有害吗？”此处需要一个形容词的比较级。根据“than before”可知是比较结构，且猫被治好了，应用good的比较级better。 8．句意：你必须知道猫也不能吃咸的或甜的食物。此处需要一个连词，连接“salty”和“sweet”两个并列的形容词，在否定句中表示“或者”，应用or。 9．句意：我只是想和我的朋友分享我最喜欢的零食……。此处需要一个介词，构成“share sth with sb”固定搭配，意为“和某人分享某物”，应用with。 10．句意：他在他的日记中写道。此处需要一个形容词性物主代词，修饰名词“diary”。主语是“He”，应用he的形容词性物主代词his。 Passage 2 （2026·初三·湖南省邵阳市隆回县·二模） 阅读短文，从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使短文通顺、意思完整。每空限填一词，每词限用一次。 make    good    simple    on    stop    I    experience    that    clear    disadvantage Last term our class had a group project on environmental protection, and I was in charge of a group. I insisted (坚持) on my idea of 1 a poster, but my teammates’ advice was to create a short video. I was so focused (专注的) on “being in charge” 2 I didn’t notice their disappointment. Several days later, our class teacher checked how we got along with the project. All the groups showed their works. Our poster was 3 compared with other groups’ creative videos. I felt sad. That night, I sat quietly, thinking and asking 4 : What really went wrong? I realized I had been too confident, letting my pride stop me from thinking 5 . This moment of understanding hit me brightly: I had not been seeing my biggest 6 —not wanting to listen to others. I apologized (道歉) to my teammates the next day, and we worked 7 the project together. Their ideas added things I’d never thought of, and we finally got a good grade. This 8 taught me that self-improvement started with self-reflection (自我反思). Now, I often 9 to ask myself: Am I listening to others? Am I growing from what people tell me? These small things help me become a(n) 10 student and person. True growth isn’t about being perfect. It’s about being willing to look at myself and keep getting better. 【答案】 1．making 2．that 3．simple 4．myself 5．clearly 6．disadvantage 7．on 8．experience 9．stop 10．better 【导语】本文主要讲述作者在一次小组环保课题项目中，因固执己见、不愿听取队友意见导致作品效果不佳，通过自我反思认识到自身缺点并改正，最终学会自省、获得成长的故事。 【详解】1．句意：我坚持自己制作海报的想法，但队友们建议制作短视频。“insisted on”后接名词或动名词形式，此处表达制作海报，所给单词make需变为动名词making，符合语法及句意。 2．句意：我太过专注于“做主”，以至于没有注意到他们的失落。根据固定句型“so...that...”表示“如此……以至于……”，此处需要that引导结果状语从句，符合句子结构及语境。 3．句意：与其他小组富有创意的视频相比，我们的海报很普通。根据后文作者感到难过的语境以及对比创意视频可知，此处形容海报单调普通，所给单词simple表示简单的、普通的，符合句意及语境。 4．句意：那天晚上，我静静坐着，思考并反问自己：到底哪里出错了？根据语境可知作者在自我反思、反问自己，所给单词I需变为反身代词myself，符合句意。 5．句意：我意识到自己太过自信，让骄傲阻止了我清晰地思考。此处修饰动词thinking需要使用副词，所给单词clear需变为副词clearly，意为清晰地，符合语法及句意。 6．句意：这一刻我彻底醒悟：我一直没有看到自己最大的缺点——不愿倾听他人意见。根据后文“not wanting to listen to others”可知这是作者自身的缺点，所给单词disadvantage表示缺点、不足，符合语境。 7．句意：第二天我向队友道歉，并且我们一起重新开展这个项目。固定搭配work on表示“从事、开展（项目、工作）”，此处填介词on，符合固定搭配及句意。 8．句意：这次经历教会我，自我提升始于自我反思。根据全文内容可知，此次小组项目是作者的一次成长经历，所给单词experience表示经历、阅历，符合句意及语境。 9．句意：现在，我常常停下来反问自己：我是否在倾听他人？根据语境可知作者时常停下脚步自我反省，所给单词stop表示停下，一般现在时主语为I，使用动词原形，符合句意。 10．句意：这些小事帮助我成为一名更好的学生和更优秀的人。根据前后文成长进步的语境可知，作者不断变得更好，所给单词good需变为比较级better，体现前后变化，符合句意。 Passage 3 （2026·初三·湖南省益阳市沅江市·二模） 阅读下面短文，根据短文内容，从下面方框内所给词中选择意义相符的词填入空白处，必要时进行词形变化和时态变化，每空一词，每词只能填一次。 but    true    he    a    real    hide    surprised    ones    with    down Long ago, in ancient China, there lived 1 man named Lord Ye. He loved dragons so much that he made his whole house full of dragon things. The walls, doors, and windows were all painted 2 dragon patterns (图案). Even his clothes and cups had dragon pictures on them. He read many stories about dragons and often drew dragons in his free time. Everyone thought he was the biggest dragon fan in the world. One sunny afternoon, when Lord Ye was drawing a dragon in 3 study, something unexpected happened. The sky suddenly turned dark, and a strong wind began to blow. A 4 dragon heard about Lord Ye’s love and decided to visit him. It flew 5 from the clouds, put its big head through the window, and said “hello” to Lord Ye. When Lord Ye saw the real dragon, he was very afraid. His face turned pale. He jumped up, ran to his bedroom, and 6 under the bed, shaking all over. The dragon was 7 and sad. It had thought Lord Ye truly loved dragons, but now it knew the 8 . The dragon flew back to the sky quietly. Later, Lord Ye told his friends, “I only liked the pictures of dragons, not the real 9 !” Today, people use the idiom “Ye Gong Hao Long” to talk about those who say they love something 10 do not really like it at all. This story tells us that we should be honest about our true feelings instead of pretending (假装) to like things we don’t. 【答案】1．a 2．with 3．his 4．real 5．down 6．hid 7．surprised 8．truth 9．Ones 10．but 【导语】本文讲述了“叶公好龙”的故事，讲述叶公表面喜爱龙，却在真龙出现时吓得躲起来，揭示了他并非真正爱龙的本质，最终形成了比喻表里不一的人的成语。 【详解】1．句意：很久很久以前，在中国古代，住着一位名叫叶公的人。空后为单数可数名词man，此处表示“一个”，应用不定冠词a。其他词均不符合语法与语境。 1．句意：墙壁、门和窗户上都画满了龙的图案。 固定搭配be painted with…表示“被画上……”，此处表示画有龙的图案，应用介词with，符合语境。 2．句意：一个晴朗的下午，当叶公正在他的书房里画龙时，意外的事情发生了。此处修饰名词study（书房），表示“他的”，应用形容词性物主代词his，由he变形而来，符合语境。 3．句意：一条真龙听说了叶公对龙的喜爱，决定去拜访他。此处修饰名词dragon，结合后文的“real dragon”，应用形容词real（真实的），表示“真正的龙”，符合语境。 4．句意：它从云端飞下来，把它的大头伸进窗户，向叶公打招呼。固定搭配fly down表示“飞下来”，此处表示龙从云层中飞下来，应用副词down，符合语境。 5．句意：他跳起来，跑到卧室，躲到床底下，浑身发抖。此处与jumped、ran并列，应用动词过去式，hide的过去式为hid，表示“躲藏”，符合语境。 6．句意：龙既惊讶又难过。此处与sad并列，描述龙的感受，应用形容词surprised（惊讶的），表示龙没想到叶公怕自己，符合语境。 7．句意：它原以为叶公真的爱龙，但现在它知道了真相。定冠词the后接名词，应用名词truth（真相），由true变形而来，表示“真相、事实”，符合语境。 8．句意：后来，叶公告诉他的朋友：“我只喜欢龙的图案，不喜欢真正的龙！”此处指代前文提到的dragons，避免重复，应用代词ones，指代复数的“龙”，符合语境。 9．句意：如今，人们用“叶公好龙”这个成语来形容那些说自己喜欢某物但其实根本不喜欢的人。前后句为转折关系（说喜欢vs不喜欢），应用连词but，表示转折，符合语境。 Passage 4 (2026·初三·湖南省娄底市娄星区·二模) 阅读短文，从方框中选出正确的词并用其适当形式填空，使短文通顺、意思完整。每空限填一词，每词限用一次)。 two   because   health   weekend   run   help   important   final   skill   feel Hi, I’m Mary! I keep 1 by doing three types of exercise. Let me show you what they are! First, I like 2 in the park. I usually go for a run 3 a week. Running 4 me build my strength (力量) and change my mood. I love the fresh air and the feeling of freedom. Second, I practice yoga 5 yoga makes me feel calm and peaceful. I often do yoga at home on 6 . It helps me relax and stretch my body. I enjoy focusing on my breathing (呼吸) and finding balance. 7 , I play basketball with my friends. We play basketball once a week on Sunday afternoon. I like playing basketball because it is perfect for my body. My basketball 8 are also better than theirs. I always feel happy after our games. By running, practicing yoga, and playing basketball, I keep my body active and my mind healthy. These exercises make me 9 good. Staying active is 10 to me, and I love trying new activities! 【答案】1．Healthy 2．running    3．twice    4．helps    5．because    6．weekends    7．Finally    8．Skills    9．feel    10．important 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了玛丽通过跑步、瑜伽和打篮球三种运动方式来保持健康，并分别介绍了每种运动带给她的好处和感受。 1．句意：我通过做三种运动来保持健康。此处需要填入一个形容词作宾语补足语，与“keep”构成固定搭配“keep + 形容词”表示“保持……状态”。根据下文介绍运动可知，是为了保持健康，应用health的形容词healthy。 2．句意：首先，我喜欢在公园里跑步。此处需要填入一个动名词作“like”的宾语，表示“喜欢做某事”。根据后文“I usually go for a run”可知，是在说跑步这项活动，应用run的动名词running。 3．句意：我通常每周跑两次。此处需要填入一个表示频率的副词或数词。结合前文“three types of exercise”以及“____ a week”，通常每周跑两次是常见表达，应用twice，表示“两次”。 4．句意：跑步帮助我增强力量并改变我的心情。此处需要填入一个动词作谓语，主语“Running”为动名词单数，谓语应用第三人称单数形式。根据句意，跑步“帮助”我，应用help的三单形式helps。 5．句意：其次，我练习瑜伽，因为瑜伽让我感到平静与安宁。此处需要填入一个连词，连接前后两个分句。后句“yoga makes me feel calm and peaceful”是前句“I practice yoga”的原因，应用because引导原因状语从句。 6．句意：我经常在周末在家做瑜伽。此处需要填入一个名词，作介词“on”的宾语。根据“on ____”可知，表示“在周末”，应用weekend的复数形式weekends，构成固定搭配“on weekends”。 7．句意：最后，我和朋友们一起打篮球。此处需要填入一个副词，作状语，引出最后一个运动方式。根据前文的“First”、“Second”可知，这里是列举的最后一项，应用final的副词形式finally，意为“最后”，注意首字母大写。 8．句意：我的篮球技能也比他们的好。此处需要填入一个名词复数作主语。根据“my basketball ____”以及后文“better than theirs”可知，是比较“篮球技能”，应用skill的复数形式skills。 9．句意：这些运动让我感觉良好。此处需要填入一个动词原形，构成“make + 宾语 + 动词原形”的省略to不定式结构。根据“make me ____ good”可知，是让我“感觉”好，应用feel。 10．句意：保持活跃对我来说很重要，并且我喜欢尝试新活动！此处需要填入一个形容词作表语，构成“be important to sb.”结构。根据句意，保持活跃是“重要的”，应用important。 主题02 人与社会——体育文化；文化交流；团队合作；历史文化 Passage 1 （2026·初三·湖南省长沙市华益中学·二模） 阅读下面短文；在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Sports have a long history in China. Traditional Chinese sports like tai chi, kung fu and dragon boat racing are not only popular in China but also get more and more 1 (fan) all over the world. Tai chi is a soft sport that mixes slow movements (动作), breathing exercises and calm thinking. It is suitable for people of all ages, 2 (special) the elderly. Practicing tai chi can help improve balance, flexibility (灵活性) and mental health. Kung fu, also known 3 martial arts (武术), is a traditional Chinese sport with a long history of thousands of years. It includes many styles such as Shaolin kung fu and Wing Chun. Kung fu not only helps people build physical power but also teaches 4 (they) self-control and respect. Dragon boat racing is a popular sport during the Dragon Boat Festival. Teams of people row dragon-shaped boats in rivers or lakes. The racing 5 (see) as a symbol of teamwork and perseverance (毅力). It is 6 international sport, with competitions held in many countries around the world. In the past few years, modern sports like basketball, football and tennis 7 (become) very popular in China. Many schools offer sports courses and organize sports events to encourage students 8 (take) part in physical activities. The government also supports the development of sports by 9 (build) more sports facilities (设施) and hosting international sports events. Sports play an important role in Chinese people’s lives. Whether they are traditional sports 10 modern sports, they bring health and happiness to people. 【答案】1．fans 2．especially 3．as 4．them 5．is seen 6．an 7．have become 8．To take 9．building 10．or 【导语】本文介绍了中国传统体育（太极、功夫、龙舟赛）和现代体育的发展情况，展现了体育在中国文化中的重要地位与国际影响力。 1．句意：太极拳、功夫、赛龙舟等中国传统体育项目不仅在中国受欢迎，而且在世界各地也拥有越来越多的粉丝。more and more后接可数名词复数，fan的复数形式是fans。 2．句意：它适合所有年龄段的人，尤其是老年人。此处修饰介词短语“the elderly”，需用副词，special的副词形式是especially。 3．句意：功夫，也被称为武术，是一种有着数千年历史的中国传统体育项目。固定搭配“be known as”表示“被称为”。 4．句意：功夫不仅帮助人们增强体力，还教会他们自控和尊重。此处作动词teaches的宾语，需用宾格形式，they的宾格是them。 5．句意：比赛被视为团队合作和毅力的象征。句子描述客观事实，用一般现在时的被动语态，结构为is/am/are+过去分词，主语The racing是单数，be动词用is，see的过去分词是seen。 6．句意：它是一项国际运动，在世界许多国家都有比赛。international以元音音素开头，用不定冠词an表示“一项”。 7．句意：在过去的几年里，篮球、足球、网球等现代运动在中国变得非常流行。时间标志词“In the past few years”表明句子用现在完成时，主语modern sports是复数，助动词用have，become的过去分词是become。 8．句意：许多学校开设体育课程并组织体育活动，鼓励学生参加体育活动。固定搭配“encourage sb. to do sth.”表示“鼓励某人做某事”，用不定式作宾语补足语，故填to take。 9．句意：政府还通过建设更多体育设施和举办国际体育赛事来支持体育事业的发展。介词by后接动名词，build的动名词形式是building。 10．句意：无论是传统体育还是现代体育，都给人们带来健康和快乐。固定搭配“whether...or...”表示“无论……还是……”。 Passage 2 （2026·初三·湖南省衡阳市·二模） 阅读下面短文，根据内容从方框中选择合适的单词，将其正确形式填入空白处。每个单词限用一次。 to   the   come   play   start   they   good   but   song   successful As one of the most famous choirs (合唱团) in the world, the Vienna Boys’ Choir has a history of over 500 years. In 2013, 1 choir welcomed its first Chinese conductor (指挥), Jimmy Chiang Chi Bun. Chiang 2 from Hong Kong. He began his musical training very early. His parents were not professional (专业的) musicians, but 3 deep love for music influenced him greatly. He learned 4 the piano at four and made his first stage appearance at five. In 2013, Chiang 5 leading the Vienna Boys’ Choir. Since then, he has worked to introduce Chinese music to the world. In 2018, Chiang and his choir recorded the classic work I Love You, China 6 . “Most choir members can’t speak Chinese, 7 they truly feel the emotion (情感),” he said. Since the choir’s first China tour in 2015, Chiang has included many Chinese 8 like Jasmine Flower in their performances. Last year, he led the choir on a China tour. He chose “From the Danube 9 the Yangtze River” as the theme (主题), so Song of the Yangtze River became the key piece. Chiang believes that music is the 10 cultural bridge between China and the world. 【答案】1．the 2．comes 3．their 4．to play 5．started 6．successfully 7．but 8．Songs 9．to 10．best 【导语】本文介绍维也纳童声合唱团首位华人指挥曾智斌的经历。 1．句意：2013年，这个合唱团迎来了首位华人指挥曾智斌。此处特指前文提到的维也纳童声合唱团，需用定冠词the，其他单词均非冠词，无法使句子成立。 2．句意：曾智斌来自香港。固定搭配come from“来自”；主语为第三人称单数，一般现在时用comes，其他动词无此搭配。 3．句意：他的父母并非专业音乐家，但他们对音乐的深爱深深影响了他。修饰名词love需用形容词性物主代词，此处指代父母的，they的形容词性物主代词为their，其他单词均非单词无法使句子成立。 4．句意：他四岁开始学习弹奏钢琴，五岁首次登台。固定结构learn to do sth.“学习做某事”；play the piano“弹钢琴”，此处需用动词不定式to play，其他动词无法表达此含义。 5．句意：2013年，曾智斌开始执掌维也纳童声合唱团。start doing sth.“开始做某事”；2013是过去时间，需用start的过去式started，表示他开始执掌合唱团，其他动词不符合语境。 6．句意：2018年，他和合唱团成功地录制了经典作品《我爱你，中国》。修饰动词recorded需用副词，successful的副词形式为successfully，其他副词不符合语境。 7．句意：“大部分合唱团成员不会说中文，但他们能真切感受到其中的情感。”他说。前后语义转折，需用连词but表示转折，其他单词均非连词，无法表达此逻辑关系。 8．句意：他在演出中加入了许多中国歌曲，比如《茉莉花》。many后接可数名词复数，song需用复数形式songs，表示许多中国歌曲，其他名词无法表达此含义。 9．句意：他选定“从多瑙河到长江”作为演出主题，因此《长江之歌》成了压轴曲目。固定搭配from…to…“从……到……”，其他单词均非介词无法表达此含义。 10．句意：曾智斌认为音乐是中国与世界之间最好的文化桥梁。定冠词the后常跟最高级，需用good的最高级形式best，其他形容词无法表达此含义。 Passage 3 (2026·初三·湖南省常德市·二模) 用方框中所给单词的适当形式填空，使短文通顺、正确、连贯，每个单词限用一次。 two  important  from  ask  we  although  loud  develop  the  try Ole is a student from Norway at East China Normal University. He first visited China in 2016, and since then, he 1 a deep interest in traditional Chinese culture. Recently, he and his team won the Shanghai International Students Dragon Boat Race. It was the team’s sixth win in a row and his 2 time winning the first prize. “I was introduced to dragon boat racing in the spring of 2023. My teacher noticed my strong arms and encouraged me 3 it,” said Ole. When he 4 the secret of his success, he replied, “There is no ’I’, but only ’we’.” My teammates are international students coming 5 different countries. Before we became the champions, we practiced rowing three times a week, trying to match the strokes with the drumbeat. At first, we weren’t very good. We did not know where 6 problem lay. However, with continuous effort, we learned that teamwork is the key. 7 we are culturally different, we are one team in the race. Before each race, the team would stand in a circle and cheer 8 . “Taking part in this sport, we realized the 9 of cooperation. We trained hard, each stroke (划桨) bringing 10 closer to understanding the tradition of Dragon Boat Festival,” said Ole proudly. 【答案】 1．has developed 2．second 3．to try 4．was asked 5．from 6．the 7．Although 8．loudly 9．importance 10．us 【导语】本文讲述了来自挪威的留学生Ole在上海参加国际学生龙舟赛并夺冠的经历，强调了团队合作、文化融合以及坚持不懈的重要性。 1．句意：他于2016年首次来到中国，从那时起，他对中国传统文化产生了浓厚的兴趣。“since then, he...a deep interest”表示“从那时起，他产生了浓厚的兴趣”，develop符合语义，develop an interest in为固定搭配，意为“对……产生兴趣”。句中有“since then”，通常与现在完成时连用，表示动作从过去开始持续到现在或对现在有影响。主语“he”是第三人称单数，助动词用has，develop的过去分词为developed。 2．句意：这是他连续第六次获胜，也是他第二次获得一等奖。“his...time winning the first prize”表示“他第二次获得一等奖”，two符合语义，此处表示“第二次”，应用two的序数词second。 3．句意：我的老师注意到我强壮的手臂，并鼓励我尝试。“encouraged me...it”表示“鼓励我尝试”，try符合语义，固定搭配“encourage sb. to do sth.”，意为“鼓励某人做某事”，应用动词不定式to try。 4．句意：当他被问及成功的秘诀时，他回答道：“没有’我’，只有’我们’。”“when he...the secret”表示“当他被问及成功的秘诀时”，ask符合语义，主语“he”与动词ask之间是被动关系 (他被问)，且故事发生在过去 (replied是过去式)，所以用一般过去时的被动语态was asked。 5．句意：我的队友是来自不同国家的国际学生。“coming...different countries”表示“来自不同国家”，from符合语义，固定搭配“come from”，意为“来自……”。 6．句意：我们不知道问题出在哪里。“where...problem lay”表示“问题出在哪里”，the符合语义，where the problem lay是宾语从句，“problem”前面需要定冠词the来特指他们遇到的那个具体问题。 7．句意：虽然我们文化不同，但在比赛中我们是一个团队。“...we are culturally different, we are one team”表示“虽然我们文化不同”，although符合语义，表示“虽然”，前后句是转折/让步关系，故用连词Although引导让步状语从句，且句首首字母需大写。 8．句意：每次比赛前，团队会站成一个圆圈并大声欢呼。“cheer...”表示“大声欢呼”，loud符合语义，修饰动词“cheer”，需要用副词，loud的副词形式是loudly。 9．句意：参加这项运动，我们意识到了合作的重要性。“the...of cooperation”表示“合作的重要性”，important符合语义，“the”后面接名词，important是形容词，其名词形式是importance。 10．句意：每一次划桨都让我们更接近理解端午节的传统。“bringing...closer to understanding”表示“让我们更接近”，we符合语义，动词“bringing”后面接人称代词的宾格形式作宾语，we的宾格是us。 Passage 4 (2026·初三·湖南省湘潭市雨湖区·二模) 请从方框内选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使文章完整连贯。注意每空一词，每词仅用一次。请将答案写在答题卡对应题目的答题位置上。 connect     she     as     country     how     take     rich     but     develop     wide It is well-known that silk was discovered in China. 1 one of the best materials for clothes, it has a perfect look and feel. There is a story about 2 silk was discovered. Over 4000 years ago, a silkworm cocoon (蚕茧) fell into a woman’s teacup. As she tried to 3 the cocoon out, it started to unwind (展开) and the “line” seemed endless. 4 realized that the strong line could be used to make clothes. For hundreds of years after that, silk was only used by 5 people because of its high cost. With the 6 of the silk industry, more silk was produced. And it was used more 7 than before. In the Han Dynasty, silk was transported as far as Spain and many other 8 . The trade road was known as the Silk Road. It 9 China with the rest of the world and played quite an important role in the world trade. Today, silk can be used for many kinds of things, not only for clothes, 10 also for paintings, kites, and even fishing nets. Wherever Chinese silk goes around the world, it is always warmly received. 【答案】 1．As 2．how 3．take 4．She 5．rich 6．development 7．widely 8．countries 9．connected 10．but 【导语】本文介绍了丝绸在中国的发现传说、历史发展及其在世界贸易中的重要地位。 【详解】1．句意：“作为”最好的服装材料之一，它有着完美的外观和手感。空格后“one of the best materials for clothes”为名词短语，需用介词“as”表示“作为”，引导方式状语。 2．句意：有一个关于丝绸“如何”被发现的故事。空格后“silk was discovered”为完整的句子，需用连接副词“how”引导宾语从句，作“about”的宾语。 3．句意：当她试图把蚕茧“拿”出来时，它开始展开，“线”似乎无穷无尽。“try to do sth.”为固定搭配，需用动词原形“take”，“take...out”表示“把……拿出来”。 4．句意：“她”意识到这条结实的线可以用来做衣服。空格后“realized”为谓语动词，需用主格代词“She”作主语，指代前文的“a woman”。 5．句意：在那之后的几百年里，丝绸只被“富有的”人使用，因为它的成本很高。空格后“people”为名词，需用形容词“rich”作定语，修饰“people”。 6．句意：随着丝绸工业的“发展”，生产了更多的丝绸。“with the+名词+of”为固定结构，需用动词“develop”的名词形式“development”。 7．句意：它比以前被“更广泛地”使用。空格前“used”为动词，需用副词“widely”作状语，修饰“used”，“more widely”为比较级形式。 8．句意：在汉代，丝绸被运往西班牙和许多其他“国家”。空格前“many other”修饰可数名词复数，需用“country”的复数形式“countries”。 9．句意：它“连接”了中国和世界其他地区，在世界贸易中发挥了重要作用。空格后“China with the rest of the world”为“connect...with...”的固定搭配，需用动词“connect”的过去式“connected”。 10．句意：今天，丝绸可以用于许多种东西，“不仅”用于衣服，“而且”用于绘画、风筝，甚至渔网。“not only...but also...”为固定搭配，需用连词“but”。 主题03 人与自然——植物科普；动物保护 Passage 1 (2026·初三·湖南省娄底市·二模) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或单词的正确形式。 grow      large      eat      health      leaf      one      red      they      why      careful Strawberries are the favourite fruit of many children. As a 1 snack, they are loved by people of all ages. But do you really know how these sweet red fruits grow? China is the world’s top strawberry grower. Among its provinces, Shandong produces the 2 number of strawberries, and Jiangsu comes second. Strawberry seeds (种子) need to experience cold weather to start 3 . The best growing season is from April to June. However, in some warm areas, strawberries can grow almost all year round with proper care. The growth of a strawberry is an interesting process. 4 , farmers plant the seeds in the soil. After some time, the seeds develop roots, stems (茎) and 5 . Then, white and yellow flowers appear. A small, green and sour strawberry grows from each flower. As it grows day by day, it turns bright 6 . Only when a strawberry is bright red is it ripe (成熟的) and ready to be 7 . Strawberries are usually grown in long rows on farms. When they are fully ripe, farmers collect them 8 and send them to farm stands and grocery stores. That’s 9 we can enjoy fresh strawberries easily in our daily life. Many people like to pick strawberries by 10 on the farm. It is a fun activity that lets them get close to nature and enjoy the taste of the fruit at the same time. 【答案】 1．healthy 2．largest 3．growing 4．First 5．leaves 6．red 7．eaten 8．carefully 9．why 10．themselves 【导语】本文介绍了草莓的受欢迎程度、中国的种植情况、生长过程、采摘销售方式以及人们体验采摘的乐趣。 【详解】1．句意：作为一种健康的零食，它们受到各个年龄段人们的喜爱。空格修饰名词“snack”，需用形容词。所给词“health”的形容词形式“healthy”表示“健康的”，符合语境。 2．句意：在其省份中，山东的草莓产量最多，江苏位居第二。“the ___ number of strawberries”结合后文“Jiangsu comes second”，此处表示“最多的数量”，“large”的最高级“largest”与“the”搭配，构成“the largest number of”，表示“数量最多的”，符合语境。 3．句意：草莓种子需要经历寒冷天气才能开始生长。“start doing sth.”表示“开始做某事”，所给词“grow”的动名词形式“growing”表示“生长”，符合“种子开始生长”的语境。 4．句意：首先，农民把种子种在土壤里。后文出现“After some time”“Then”表示顺序，此处需表示“首先”的词，所给词“one”的序数词形式“First”表示“首先”，符合草莓生长过程的步骤顺序。 5．句意：一段时间后，种子长出根、茎和叶子。“roots, stems and ___”为并列结构，需填名词复数，所给词“leaf”的复数形式“leaves”表示“叶子”，与根、茎同为植物的组成部分，符合语境。 6．句意：随着它一天天生长，它会变成鲜艳的红色。前文提到“green and sour strawberry”，后文“Only when a strawberry is bright red is it ripe”，此处表示草莓成熟时的颜色，“red”表示“红色的”，与“bright”搭配，构成“bright red”，表示“鲜红色”，符合语境。 7．句意：只有当草莓是鲜红色时，它才成熟，可以被食用了。“ready to be ___”表示“准备好被……”，需用动词过去分词构成被动语态，所给词“eat”的过去分词“eaten”表示“被食用”，符合“成熟的草莓可食用”的语境。 8．句意：当它们完全成熟时，农民们会小心地采摘它们，然后送到农场摊位和杂货店。“collect them ___”修饰动词“collect”，需用副词，所给词“careful”的副词形式“carefully”表示“小心地”，描述农民采摘草莓的方式，符合语境。 9．句意：这就是为什么我们在日常生活中能轻松吃到新鲜草莓的原因。“That’s ___ we can enjoy…”是固定句型“That’s why…”，表示“那就是……的原因”，此处用“why”，解释我们能吃到新鲜草莓的原因。 10．句意：许多人喜欢自己在农场采摘草莓。“pick strawberries by ___”表示“自己采摘”，“by oneself”表示“某人自己”，主语是“Many people”，对应的反身代词为“themselves”，所给词“they”的反身代词形式“themselves”，表示“他们自己”，符合语境。 Passage 2 (2026·初三·湖南省岳阳市岳阳楼区·二模) 阅读下面短文，从方框中选择合适的单词，并用其适当形式填空，使短文完整、通顺。 care    fish    because    water    when    for    check    less    animal    the The Yangtze finless porpoise (江豚) is a cute animal that lives in China’s Yangtze River. Sadly, its population dropped sharply—from about 2,700 in the early 1990s to only 1,800 by 2006. Why? 1 more and more boats made the river noisy and dirty. To protect the river and the animals, the Chinese government has taken action. One great idea is the “river and lake chief system” (河湖长制). It asks leaders at different levels to take 2 of rivers and lakes. For example, Ouyang Junnian, a river chief in Hunan, 3 the river every day. He also helps stop 4 pollution and protects the riverbanks. Another important measure that started in 2021 is a 10-year fishing ban (禁渔令). People are not allowed 5 in the Yangtze River. This is necessary because too much fishing means 6 food for the porpoises. Also, some porpoises get caught in fishing nets by accident 7 people are fishing on the Yangtze River. Thanks to these efforts, 8 number of Yangtze finless porpoises increased from 1,012 in 2017 to 1,249 in 2022. Many other 9 , such as the Chinese sturgeon (中华鲟), are also returning to the river. What we do can make a big difference. Let’s keep working together to protect this lovely “panda of the water”. And make the Yangtze River a safe home 10 all animals. 【答案】 1．Because 2．care 3．checks 4．water 5．to fish 6．less 7．when 8．the 9．animals 10．for 【导语】本文介绍了长江江豚的濒危现状，以及中国政府通过河湖长制、十年禁渔令等措施保护江豚和长江生态的努力，展现了保护生物多样性的重要性。 【详解】1．句意：为什么？因为越来越多的船只让河流变得嘈杂又肮脏。前文提出问题“Why?”，此处用Because回答原因，句首首字母大写。 2．句意：它要求各级河长负责河流和湖泊。此处考查固定搭配take care of，意为“照顾、负责”。 3．句意：例如，湖南的河长欧阳俊年每天巡查河流。此处需要动词第三人称单数形式，主语Ouyang Junnian是第三人称单数，句子时态为一般现在时，check的第三人称单数形式是checks。 4．句意：他还帮助阻止水污染，保护河岸。此处考查固定搭配water pollution，意为“水污染”。 5．句意：人们不被允许在长江里捕鱼。此处考查固定搭配be not allowed to do sth.，意为“不被允许做某事”，fish的不定式形式是to fish。 6．句意：这是必要的，因为过度捕鱼意味着江豚的食物更少了。此处需要形容词比较级，much的反义词little的比较级是less，意为“更少的”。 7．句意：另外，当人们在长江捕鱼时，一些江豚也会不小心被渔网缠住。此处需要连词引导时间状语从句，when意为“当……的时候”。 8．句意：多亏了这些努力，长江江豚的数量从2017年的1012头增加到了2022年的1249头。此处考查固定搭配the number of，意为“……的数量”。 9．句意：许多其他动物，比如中华鲟，也回到了河流中。此处需要名词复数，many后接可数名词复数，animal的复数形式是animals。 10．句意：让我们继续共同努力保护这只可爱的“水中大熊猫”，让长江成为所有动物的安全家园。此处考查固定搭配a safe home for sb./sth.，意为“给……的安全家园”。 主题01 人与自我——家庭生活；学生生活；人生感悟；体育精神 Passage 1 (2026·初三·湖南省益阳市·二模) 阅读下面短文，根据内容从方框中选择合适的单词，将其正确形式填入空白处。每个单词限用一次。 with   story   he   but   read   be   eat   go   good   same Home is a place where we build close ties with our family. As the saying goes, “East or west, home is the best.” That’s true. We share our joys and hard times under the 1 roof (屋顶). Simon lives in a beautiful and comfortable house 2 his parents and brother, which is filled with warm moments. Their living room is very big. There is an old 3 comfortable sofa and a wooden desk. Every weekend, Simon and his brother tell 4 to each other and play games there. They have a great time together. The kitchen is 5 favorite place. After school, he can’t wait 6 back home, as the nice smell of his mom’s cooking always makes him feel relaxed. They talk about school life while they are 7 . He is happy to talk about his day to his family. In his room, there is a bed, a desk, a clock and a bookcase. He always 8 books from his bookcase before going to bed at night. There 9 many books in it, including classic (经典的) and science books. His house is more than a place to live in. It’s a warm and safe place. He feels safe, warm and happy here. Without doubt, it is the 10 place in the world. 【答案】 1．same 2．with 3．but 4．stories 5．his 6．to go 7．eating 8．reads 9．are 10．best 【导语】本文介绍了西蒙与家人一起生活的温馨家庭环境，描述了客厅、厨房和卧室中的日常活动，表达了家是世界上最温暖、最安全的地方。 1．句意：我们在同一屋檐下分享欢乐与困难时光。“under the…roof”为固定表达“under the same roof”，意为“在同一屋檐下”。方框中的“same”符合语义。其他选项无法构成此固定搭配。 2．句意：西蒙和他的父母、哥哥住在一座漂亮舒适的房子里。“house…his parents and brother”表示“和……一起住”，需用介词“with”表伴随。 3．句意：有一个老旧但舒适的沙发和一张木桌。“old”与“comfortable”之间需要连词，表示转折关系。“but”符合语义，意为“但是”。 4．句意：西蒙和他的哥哥互相讲故事。“tell…to each other”中，需要名词作宾语。“story”为可数名词，这里用复数形式“stories”。 5．句意：厨房是他最喜欢的地方。“…favorite place”中，需要形容词性物主代词修饰名词。“he”的对应形式为“his”，意为“他的”。 6．句意：他迫不及待地想回家。“can’t wait…back home”为固定句型“can’t wait to do sth.”，意为“等不及做某事”。“go”需用不定式形式“to go”。 7．句意：他们在吃饭时谈论学校生活。“while they are…”中，需要现在分词与“are”构成现在进行时。“eat”的现在分词为“eating”，意为“吃饭”。 8．句意：他总是在睡前从书架上取书阅读。“He always…books”中，主语为第三人称单数，一般现在时需用动词第三人称单数形式。“read”变为“reads”。 9．句意：里面有很多书。“There…many books”中，“many books”为复数主语，there be句型需用复数形式“are”。“be”的对应形式为“are”。 10．句意：毫无疑问，这是世界上最好的地方。“the…place”中，需要形容词最高级形式。“good”的最高级为“best”，意为“最好的”。 Passage 2 (2026·初三·湖南省长沙市一中岳麓中学·二模) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Hunan’s tourism welcomed a warm spring this year. The province had planned to set up spring breaks for primary and middle school students. This policy (政策) 1 (discuss) at the Two Sessions (两会) on March 5. The local government supported it to encourage family travel and help increase consumption (消费) in Hunan and nearby areas. Taking Hengyang as an example, a spring break plan was announced earlier: from April 1 to April 3, students enjoyed a three-day spring break. When it was connected 2 the Tomb-Sweeping Day holiday, the vacation lasted up to six days. Changsha, along with other 3 (city) in Hunan, also had similar plans. This made it 4 (easy) for families to travel together than before. Travel agencies in Hunan reported the tourism market grew 5 (rapid) this spring. According to a local travel platform, popular spots in Changsha such as Yuelu Mountain, Orange Isle, and Wuyi Square 6 (see) tourist numbers double during the spring break period. Experts believe the spring break is good for both families and Hunan’s economy, 7 it encourages family outings and study trips. Lu Ming, 8 adviser, suggests that the spring break should be popularized across the whole province. He says the policy can reduce students’ study pressure and let parents spend more time with 9 (they) children. He also advises companies 10 (offer) parents paid leave (带薪假) so that families can enjoy a better time together and strengthen family bonds. 【答案】 1．was discussed 2．with 3．cities 4．easier 5．rapidly 6．saw 7．because 8．an 9．their 10．to offer 【导语】本文讲述了湖南省今年春天为中小学生设立春假的政策，该政策在两会上被讨论，并得到了当地政府的支持。文章以衡阳和长沙为例，说明春假带动了当地旅游业的发展，同时专家和顾问也对该政策给予了积极评价。 【详解】1．句意：这项政策在3月5日的两会上被讨论。根据“on March 5”可知，句子时态是一般过去时，且主语“This policy”与动词“discuss”之间是被动关系，应用一般过去时的被动语态，即was discussed。 2．句意：当它与清明节假期连接起来时，假期长达六天。“be connected with”是固定搭配，意为“与……相连接”。 3．句意：长沙和湖南省的其他城市也有类似的计划。“city”为可数名词，且由“other”修饰，应用复数形式cities。 4．句意：这使得家庭一起旅行比以前更容易了。根据“than before”可知，此处应用形容词的比较级，easy的比较级为easier。 5．句意：湖南的旅行社报告说今年春天旅游市场增长迅速。此处修饰动词“grew”，应用副词形式rapidly。 6．句意：长沙的热门景点如岳麓山、橘子洲和五一广场在春假期间游客数量翻了一番。根据上下文时态可知，此处描述的是过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时，see的过去式为saw。 7．句意：专家认为春假对家庭和湖南经济都有好处，因为它鼓励家庭出游和研学旅行。此处表示原因，用连词because引导原因状语从句。 8．句意：陆明，一位顾问，建议春假应在全省推广。“adviser”以元音音素开头，且此处泛指“一位顾问”，应用不定冠词an。 9．句意：他说这项政策可以减轻学生的学习压力，让父母花更多时间陪伴他们的孩子。“children”是名词，前面要用形容词性物主代词their修饰。 10．句意：他还建议公司为父母提供带薪假。“advise”后接复合宾语时，常用“advise sb. to do sth.”结构，即advise后接动词不定式作宾语补足语。 Passage 3 (2026·初三·湖南省湘西州凤凰县·二模) 阅读下面短文，根据短文内容，从下面方框内所给词中选择意义相符的词填入空白处，必要时进行词形变化和时态变化，每词限用一次。 and   sad   plan   the   strict   he   however   at   drive   only The other day, I finished reading A Man Called Ove. The book is about a man in his seventies. He is good 1 building things. After losing his wife, Sonja, he feels very sad and 2 to take his own life. 3 , neighbors, strangers and even a cat keep stopping him from doing it. He then helps save a man in front of a train and teaches a pregnant (怀孕的) woman 4 . These moments slowly change 5 . He begins to move past his 6 . In the end, he dies a natural death. Ove seems 7 and often speaks angrily to careless people, but he has a soft heart. His wife Sonja is the 8 person he never gets angry with. He also shows kindness in small ways, like fixing a bike for a shop worker. 9 book is funny and moving. It teaches us that even when life is hard, we can still smile 10 enjoy simple joys. 【答案】 1．at 2．plans 3．However 4．to drive 5．him 6．sadness 7．strict 8．only 9．The 10．and 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要介绍《A Man Called Ove》一书的内容，传递生活感悟。 【详解】1．句意：他擅长建造东西。此处考查固定短语be good at，意为“擅长……”。 2．句意：失去妻子Sonja后，他感到非常难过，并打算自杀。结合句意和所给词语，此处考查固定短语plan to do sth.，意为“打算做某事”，and连接的是并列成分，根据其前的动词feels可知，句子是一般现在时，此处也要用第三人称单数形式，plan的第三人称单数是plans。 3．句意：然而，邻居、陌生人甚至一只猫不断阻止他这样做。前文说他想轻生，后文说有人阻止他，可知，此处表示转折，however符合逻辑，意为“然而”，位于句首，首字母大写。 4．句意：之后他帮忙救下一名卧轨的男子，还教一位孕妇开车。teach sb. to do sth.意为“教某人做某事”，是固定短语，结合所给词语，此处用drive的不定式to drive。 5．句意：这些经历慢慢改变了他。空后的change是动词，其后用人称代词宾格形式，结合所给词语，he“他”是人称代词主格，其宾格形式是him。 6．句意：他开始走出内心的悲伤。his“他的”是形容词性物主代词，其后接名词，结合前文的“he feels very sad”和后文的“In the end, he dies a natural death.”，以及所给词语，此处用形容词sad的名词形式sadness符合语境，意为“悲伤”。 7．句意：Ove看起来很严厉，经常对马虎的人恶语相向，但他内心很温柔。seems是系动词，其后接形容词作表语，结合“often speaks angrily to careless people”和所给词语，strict符合语境，意为“严厉的”。 8．句意：他的妻子Sonja是他唯一从不发脾气的人。根据前文的“often speaks angrily to careless people”和后文的“he never gets angry with”，以及所给词语，此处only符合语境，意为“唯一的”，修饰名词person。 9．句意：这本书既有趣又感人。此处用定冠词the表特指，指代前文提到的《A Man Called Ove》，句首单词的首字母要大写。 10．句意：它告诉我们，即使生活艰难，我们依然可以微笑着享受简单的快乐。 smile“微笑”和enjoy“享受”是并列的动词，用并列连词and连接。 Passage 4 (2026·初三·湖南省湘潭市岳塘区湘钢二中·二模) 阅读下面短文，从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使短文通顺，意思完整。每空限填一词，每词限用一次。 defeat, symbol, truly, as, field, an, although, wish, they, spare The evening of December 27, 2025 was unforgettable for the people of Yongzhou City, Hunan Province. The final of the 2025 Hunan Football League, popularly known 1 the “Xiangchao”, was held at the Helong Sports Center in Changsha. The Yongzhou team 2 the Changde team 1-0 and won the championship(冠军). With the simplest love and strongest will (意志), the Yongzhou team made 3 impossible dream come true. In fact, the Yongzhou team began with almost nothing—no proper training 4 , very little money, and worn-out shoes. The team jokingly called 5 the “beggar team (叫花子队)”. Most players in the team were students under 20. They studied during the day and only in the evening did they have 6 time to practice. They didn’t have professional football shoes, so they had to play in common shoes; Their 7 were simple: some wanted new football shoes; some hoped for a 500-yuan meal card. 8 the team faced many difficulties, their head coach, Huang Churu, never gave up on them. He made every young player remember the words “Yong Chong Feng”, meaning “always push ahead”. Now, the spirit has become a shared one for all the people in Yongzhou, Today, the championship trophy (奖杯) reminds everyone in Yongzhou what teamwork and belief can 9 achieve. It’s not just a sports victory; it has become a(n) 10 of the city’s courage and persistence (坚持不懈). The story of these young players inspires all dreamers, showing that real success comes from never giving up, even when no one is watching. 【答案】 1．as 2．defeated 3．an 4．field 5．themselves 6．spare 7．wishes 8．Although 9．truly 10．symbol 【导语】本文主要介绍了永州队夺得湘超冠军的过程，体现了坚持不懈的体育精神。 【详解】1．句意：以“湘超”闻名的湖南足球联赛决赛，2025年在湖南长沙贺龙体育场举行。known as意为“被称为”，符合语境。 2．句意：永州队以1比0击败常德队获得冠军。根据时间状语“December 27, 2025”可知动作发生在过去，应用一般过去时，defeat变为defeated，意为“击败”。 3．句意：拥有最纯粹的热爱和最强大的意志，永州队让不可能的梦想变成现实。impossible以元音音素开头，表示“一个不可能的梦想”，故填an。 4．句意：事实上，永州队在最开始时一无所有，没有合适的训练场地，非常少的经费，还有穿坏的球鞋。training field意为“训练场地”，符合语境。 5．句意：这支队伍戏称自己为“叫花子队”。主语The team与宾语指代同一对象，意为“他们自称”，应用反身代词，they变为themselves。 6．句意：他们白天学习，只有晚上才有空闲时间训练。spare time为固定搭配，意为“空闲时间”，符合语境。 7．句意：他们的愿望很简单：一些人想要新球鞋，一些人想要500元的饭卡。根据谓语动词were可知，主语应为复数，wish变为wishes，意为“愿望”。 8．句意：虽然球队面临许多困难，但教练从未放弃，空白处所在从句表示让步关系，句首首字母需大写，应填Although。 9．句意：今天，冠军奖杯提醒着永州的每个人，团队合作和信仰能真正实现什么。空白处修饰动词achieve，应用副词形式，truly意为“真正地”，符合语境。 10．句意：这不是一次简单的体育胜利，它已经成为城市勇气和坚持不懈的象征。不定冠词后接名词单数，a symbol of意为“……的象征”。 主题02 人与社会——传统文化；文化遗产；语言文化；社会政策 Passage 1 (2026·初三·湖南省郴州市·二模) 从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空, 使短文完整、通顺。 we   on   happy   hundred   important   and   last   make   different   knowledge The Lantern Festival is a traditional festival in China. It falls 1 the 15th day of the first month of the Chinese lunar calendar. It is a happy 2 lively festival with beautiful lantern shows, cultural performances and nice food. Guessing lantern riddles (谜语) is a special and interesting activity. People have done this for 3 of years. Guessing lantern riddles is a(n) 4 part of the festival. During the festival, people write riddles on paper and put them on 5 lanterns. The lanterns are decorated (装饰) with nice pictures of animals, old stories or historical figures (人物), making the streets look beautiful. People guess the riddles 6 , and the streets become busy with friendly competitions. This activity 7 the festival more fun. And it also shows Chinese people value 8 and wisdom. Guessing riddles needs creativity and language skills, so it is a fun challenge for all ages. It also helps people to communicate and share ideas. The traditional activity has 9 for a long time. Today, it still connects old traditions with modern celebrations, telling 10 the power of knowledge and the joy of getting together to celebrate our culture. 【答案】 1．on 2．and 3．hundreds 4．important 5．different 6．happily 7．makes 8．knowledge 9．lasted 10．us 【导语】本文介绍了元宵节猜灯谜这一传统活动的形式、意义及其对节日氛围和文化传承的作用。 1．句意：元宵节在中国是一个传统节日，它在农历正月十五。空格后是具体日期，英语中表示“在具体某一天”要用介词on，其他介词无法表达该时间用法。 2．句意：这是一个快乐且热闹的节日，有漂亮的灯展、文化表演和美食。空格前后的happy和lively是并列的形容词，需用并列连词and连接，使结构和语义完整。 3．句意：人们已经这样做了数百年。“hundreds of years”是固定搭配，表示“数百年”，因此hundred需变为复数形式hundreds，其他形式无法构成该固定短语。 4．句意：猜灯谜是节日中重要的一部分。此处修饰名词part，需用形容词，结合语境“猜灯谜是节日的重要组成部分”，important（重要的）符合语义和语法要求。 5．句意：节日期间，人们把谜语写在纸上，贴在不同的灯笼上。此处修饰名词lanterns，需用形容词，结合后文“灯笼上装饰着不同的图案”，different（不同的）符合语境，体现灯笼的多样性。 6．句意：人们开心地猜谜语，街道上充满了友好的竞争，变得热闹起来。此处修饰动词guess，需用副词，happy的副词形式happily（开心地）符合语法和语境，表达人们猜谜时的状态。 7．句意：这项活动让节日更有趣。主语This activity是单数，句子为一般现在时，“make sth. + 形容词”是固定结构，表示“使某物……”，因此make需变为第三人称单数形式makes。 8．句意：它也表明中国人重视知识和智慧。此处与wisdom并列，需用名词，结合后文“知识的力量”，knowledge（知识）符合语境，体现猜灯谜对知识的体现。 9．句意：这项传统活动已经持续了很长时间。“has + 过去分词”构成现在完成时，last的过去分词是lasted，表示“持续”，符合“活动持续很久”的语义和时态要求。 10．句意：今天，它仍然将古老的传统与现代庆祝活动联系起来，向我们讲述知识的力量和聚在一起庆祝文化的快乐。此处作telling的宾语，we的宾格形式us符合语法，表示“向我们讲述”。 Passage 2 (2026·初三·湖南省长沙市开福区青竹湖湘一外国语学校·二模) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Since joining the World Heritage Convention (世界遗产公约) in 1985, China has actively protected global cultural and natural heritage. 1 number of World Heritage Sites (世界遗产地) in China has reached 60, making it one of the world’s leading countries in heritage protection. The year 2026 2 (be) the 41st anniversary (周年) of China’s joining the World Heritage Convention. 3 (celebrate) it, a new book titled A Long and Arduous Journey is published by the CITIC Press Group. The book starts with an 4 (introduce) by Lyu Zhou from Tsinghua University, offering a professional view on world heritage value. It covers 11 famous Chinese heritage sites, 5 (include) the Great Wall, Suzhou Classical Gardens, Gulangyu Island and the Beijing Central Axis. The book invites 12 experts to explain the beauty 6 value of each place. Many have 7 (personal) taken part in the nomination (提名) process and now share little-known fascinating stories. These stories show China’s achievements 8 heritage protection. And they also help readers realize the importance of safeguarding (守护) these 9 (treasure). The book helps show China’s cultural treasures to the world and acts as a 10 (practice) travel guide for readers to explore these sites in person. 【答案】 1．The 2．is 3．To celebrate 4．introduction 5．including 6．and 7．personally 8．in 9．treasures 10．practical 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了为庆祝中国加入《世界遗产公约》41周年而出版的新书《漫长的征程》。该书由中信出版集团出版，邀请了12位专家讲述中国11处世界遗产地的故事，展示中国在遗产保护方面的成就，同时也是一本实用的旅游指南。 【详解】1．句意：中国世界遗产地的数量已达到60处，使其成为世界遗产保护的领先国家之一。固定搭配“the number of”意为“……的数量”，位于句首首字母大写，故填The。 2．句意：2026年是中国加入《世界遗产公约》41周年。描述客观事实，用一般现在时。主语“The year 2026”为单数，be动词用is。 3．句意：为了庆祝这一时刻，中信出版集团出版了一本名为《漫长的征程》的新书。不定式作目的状语，表示“为了庆祝”。句首首字母大写，故填To celebrate。 4．句意：这本书以清华大学吕舟的介绍开篇，提供了关于世界遗产价值的专业视角。冠词“an”后接名词，所给词“introduce”的名词形式为introduction。 5．句意：它涵盖了11处中国著名遗产地，包括长城、苏州古典园林、鼓浪屿和北京中轴线。介词“including”意为“包括”，用于列举例子。 6．句意：这本书邀请了12位专家来解释每个地方的美和价值。连接两个并列名词“beauty”和“value”，用并列连词and。 7．句意：许多人亲身参与了提名过程，现在分享鲜为人知的有趣故事。修饰动词“taken part in”需用副词，所给词“personal”的副词形式为personally。 8．句意：这些故事展示了中国在遗产保护方面取得的成就。固定搭配“achievements in...”意为“在……方面的成就”，介词用in。 9．句意：它们帮助读者意识到守护这些瑰宝的重要性。“these”后接可数名词复数，所给词“treasure”的复数为treasures。 10．句意：这本书有助于向世界展示中国的文化瑰宝，同时也是一本实用的旅游指南，供读者亲自探索这些地方。修饰名词“travel guide”需用形容词，所给词“practice”的形容词形式为practical。 Passage 3 (2026·初三·湖南省永州市·二模) 阅读下面短文，从方框中选择适当的单词并用其正确形式填空，使短文通顺、意思完整。每空限填一词，每词限用一次。 American  use  about  they  mean  slow  call  because  describe  a When the air turns cool and leaves cover the ground, we call this season autumn or fall. But why do Americans usually say “fall” while the British say “autumn”? The story is 1 history and language. A long time ago, people 2 this season “harvest”. This old English word showed the season’s main purpose: collecting farm products at the end of the growing period. As life changed from farming to modern life, the word began to lose its 3 . People needed new words. The word “autumn” comes from the Latin word “autumnus”. It means the time when the leaves fall from the trees and the temperature drops 4 . The Romans also used this word. Later, the French said “automne”. Over time, it became “autumn”. British people liked this word 5 it sounded smooth and carried ideas of change. At the same time, English people used “fall of the leaf” and “fall of the year” to 6 the season. Soon, people shortened them to just “fall”. It was 7 direct and clear word. In the 17th century, people from England went to America. They carried the word “fall” with 8 . It was simple and easy to use. So, it became popular in North America. Meanwhile, in England, people kept 9 “autumn” They liked its sound and its long history. Today, 10 mainly say “fall” The British mainly say “autumn”. They show how language can change in different places. 【答案】 1．about 2．called 3．meaning 4．slowly 5．because 6．describe 7．a 8．them 9．using 10．Americans 【导语】本文介绍了英语中“秋天”的两个表达——fall和autumn的起源与演变，解释了为什么美国人常用fall，而英国人更习惯用autumn，体现了语言在不同地区的发展变化。 1．句意：这个故事和历史、语言有关。be about表示“关于”，是固定搭配，用about。 2．句意：很久以前，人们把这个季节叫做“harvest”。此处表示“叫做”，call符合语境，时间状语a long time ago提示用一般过去时，call的过去式是called。 3．句意：随着生活从农耕转向现代生活，这个词开始失去它的意义。its后接名词，mean的名词形式是meaning“意义”。 4．句意：它指的是树叶从树上落下、气温慢慢下降的时节。修饰动词drops需用副词，此处表示“慢慢地”，slow符合语境，其副词形式是slowly“慢慢地”。 5．句意：英国人喜欢这个词，因为它听起来流畅，还带着变化的意味。后文是英国人喜欢这个词的原因，用连词because引导原因状语从句。 6．句意：与此同时，英国人用“fall of the leaf”和“fall of the year”来描述这个季节。to后接动词原形构成不定式，动词describe“描述”符合语境。 7．句意：它是一个直接又清晰的词。此处表示“一个”，direct以辅音音素开头，用不定冠词a。 8．句意：他们随身带着“fall”这个词。此处表示“他们”，用they，介词with后接宾格，they的宾格形式是them。 9．句意：与此同时，在英国，人们继续使用“autumn”。此处表示继续“使用”，选用use，固定搭配keep doing sth.表示“持续做某事”，此处应该用use的动名词形式using。 10．句意：如今，美国人主要说“fall”。表示“美国人”且泛指一类人，用American的复数形式Americans。 Passage 4 (2026·初三·湖南省长沙市宁乡市·二模) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Spring and Autumn Holidays for Students In March 2026, the National People’s Congress 1 (hold) in Beijing. At the meeting, a new policy, “Supporting qualified places to promote (推动) spring and autumn holidays for primary and secondary schools”, appeared in the government work report 2 the first time. At the same time, 3 (city) like Nanjing and Chengdu have announced that the spring holiday will be connected with the Qingming Festival. The long holiday 4 (great) benefits both students and parents. Students can have a good rest, enjoy nature through outdoor activities 5 gain real-life experiences. A balance between study and rest enables students to focus on 6 (they) learning with more energy. Spending more time with family also 7 (help) improve relationships at home. The paid-leave system for workers will be fully carried out 8 (match) the long holiday. For working parents, paid-leave allows them to stay with their children without 9 (lose) income. It makes it easier to keep a good work-life balance. In my opinion, this is 10 warm change. It not only makes students’ lives more colorful but also helps families live a better life. 【答案】 1．was held 2．for 3．cities 4．greatly 5．and 6．their 7．helps 8．to match 9．losing 10．a 【导语】本文介绍中小学将推行春秋假期的新政策，说明假期对学生和家庭的益处，还有配套的职工带薪休假制度，作者认为这是一项暖心举措。 1．句意：2026年3月，全国人民代表大会在北京召开。分析句子，主语和谓语动词hold之间是被动关系，又因时间状语“In March 2026” 为过去的时间，所以该句为一般过去时的被动语态“was/were+动词过去分词”，主语“the National People’s Congress”是单数，be动词用was，hold的过去分词为held。 2．句意：政府工作报告中首次出现了新政策。固定搭配for the first time表示“第一次”。 3．句意：同时，南京、成都等城市已宣布春假将与清明节连在一起。后面列举多个城市，应用可数名词city的复数形式cities。 4．句意：这个长假对学生和家长都大有裨益。修饰动词benefits需用副词，形容词great的副词形式是greatly，意为“大大地”。 5．句意：学生可以好好休息、通过户外活动亲近自然并获得生活阅历。前后三个并列谓语动作，用并列连词and连接。 6．句意：劳逸结合能让学生更有精力专注于他们的学习。修饰名词learning需用形容词性物主代词，人称代词they对应的形容词性物主代词是their，意为“他们的”。 7．句意：花更多时间陪伴家人也有助于改善家庭关系。动名词短语作主语，谓语动词用单数，该句为一般现在时，help的单三形式为helps。 8．句意：职工带薪休假制度将全面推行以适配长假。此处表目的，应用动词不定式to match作目的状语。 9．句意：对于上班族家长来说，带薪休假能让他们陪伴孩子且不损失收入。介词without后接动名词形式，lose的动名词形式为losing。 10．句意：在我看来，这是一个暖心的改变。此处表泛指，指一个暖心的改变，warm以辅音音素开头，应用不定冠词a。 主题03 人与自然——环境保护；动物科普 Passage 1 (2026·初三·湖南省长沙市岳麓区·二模) 阅读下面短文，从方框中选择适当的单词并用其正确形式填空，使短文通顺，意思完整。每空限填一词，每词限用一次。 when easy break tree slow they save for strict work We often see bright lights in cities at night. These lights help people but also cause light pollution that harms plants. Light 1 the natural balance that plants need. Plants follow a(n) 2 “day-and-night” rule. During the day, they produce food through photosynthesis (光合作用). At night, they slow down and rest to 3 energy. However, bright night lights prevent cities from being dark at night. This makes plants never stop 4 . One big problem is flowering. Many plants only bloom (开花) 5 nights are long and dark. Too much night light makes 6 bloom late, bloom poorly or not bloom at all. They cannot produce seeds (种子), which is bad for bees and butterflies that feed on flowers. If plants are not fully rested, they will consume (消耗) too much energy. Their growth will become 7 and harder. Young plants are more at risk. Bright lights can stop their roots from growing strong, so they can be blown down 8 by the wind. Trees also suffer. Some need dark nights to prepare 9 winter. Lights make them keep growing new leaves, which will freeze and die in cold weather. Luckily, there are many things we can do to help. We can plant more 10 to block light and tell others about light pollution. Let’s take action to protect plants. 【答案】 1．breaks 2．strict 3．save 4．working 5．when 6．them 7．slower 8．easily 9．for 10．trees 【导语】本文主要讲述了光污染如何伤害植物以及我们可以采取哪些行动来守护这些绿色生命。 1．句意：光打破了植物所需的自然平衡。主语是Light（单数），这里需要动词的第三人称单数，此处表示“光打破了平衡”，break（打破）符合语义。 2．句意：植物遵循严格的“昼夜”规律。这里需要形容词修饰rule，表示“植物遵循严格的昼夜规律”，strict（严格的）符合语义。 3．句意：在夜晚，它们减缓生长速度并休息，以储存能量。save energy是固定搭配（储存能量），to后接动词原形，save符合语境。 4．句意：这使得植物永远不会停止工作。stop doing sth.表示“停止做某事”，植物白天进行光合作用（工作），夜晚本该休息，灯光让它们不停“工作”，work的动名词是working。 5．句意：许多植物只有在夜晚漫长且黑暗时才会开花。这里需要连词表示“当……时候”，when符合语境。 6．句意：过多的夜间光线使它们开花晚、开花差，甚至完全不开花。make sb. do sth.结构，这里指代plants，用宾格them。 7．句意：它们的生长会变得更缓慢、更艰难。and连接并列的比较级， slow的比较级slower（更慢）符合“生长变得更慢更艰难”，slower符合语境。 8．句意：明亮的光线会阻碍它们的根系生长，因此它们很容易被风吹倒。这里需要副词修饰动词短语blown down，此处表示“更容易被风吹倒”，easy的副词easily（容易地）符合语境。 9．句意：有些树需要黑暗的夜晚来为冬天做准备。prepare for是固定短语（为……做准备），for符合语境。 10．句意：我们可以种植更多的树木来遮挡光线，并向其他人宣传光污染的危害。more后接可数名词复数，此处表示“种更多树挡光”，tree的复数trees（树）符合。 Passage 2 (2026·初三·湖南省邵阳市·二模) 阅读下面短文，从方框中选择正确的单词或用单词的适当形式填空，每空一词，每词限用一次。 hurt  scared  why  insect  lucky  in  safe  a  dig  look If you hear a sound like a squeaky (吱吱作响) toy after a rainstorm in the desert, don’t be 1 . That sound might come from the rain frog (雨蛙)— 2 tiny black frog that spends most of its life underground. These special frogs are small animals that live in Africa. Unlike other frogs that can jump and swim, they have short legs and round bodies. These help them 3 holes in the dry soil. That is 4 they stay underground for most of the time. Rain frogs get their name from their special habit—they only come out after rain 5 for food. Most rain frogs cannot swim, so dry environments are actually the 6 place for them. Although they live in dry areas, they need rain to live. After rain, the ground becomes wet, and many small 7 come out. This is the best time for rain frogs to find food. But now, their lives are 8 great danger because of habitat (栖息地) loss and climate change. Since they depend on special dry conditions and regular rain, even small changes can 9 them a lot. 10 , scientists are working hard to learn more about rain frogs before it’s too late. And we can also play a part—we can help protect these little cute animals and their homes. 【答案】 1．scared 2．a 3．dig 4．why 5．to look 6．safest 7．insects 8．in 9．hurt 10．Luckily 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了雨蛙这种生活在非洲的特殊青蛙，包括其外形特征、生活习性、面临的危险以及科学家为保护它们所做的努力等。 1．句意：如果你在沙漠的暴雨后听到像吱吱作响的玩具一样的声音，不要害怕。根据语境可知，听到奇怪声音不要害怕，“be”后接形容词，“scared”意为“害怕的”，符合语境。 2．句意：那种声音可能来自雨蛙——一种大部分时间生活在地下的黑色小青蛙。“frog”是可数名词单数，此处表示泛指，“tiny”是以辅音音素开头的单词，应用不定冠词“a”。 3．句意：这些帮助它们在干燥的土壤中挖洞。“help sb do sth”表示“帮助某人做某事”，根据“holes in the dry soil”可知，是在土壤中挖洞，“dig”意为“挖”，符合语境，用原形。 4．句意：这就是它们大部分时间待在地下的原因。根据“That is”可知，此处是“That is why...”结构，表示“这就是……的原因”，应用“why”。 5．句意：雨蛙的名字来源于它们特殊的习性——它们只在雨后出来寻找食物。根据“for food”可知，是出来寻找食物，“look for”表示“寻找”，此处用动词不定式作目的状语，应用“to look”。 6．句意：大多数雨蛙不会游泳，所以干燥的环境实际上是它们最安全的地方。根据“Most rain frogs cannot swim”可知，不会游泳的雨蛙在干燥环境相对安全，且“the”后接形容词最高级，“safe”的最高级是“safest”。 7．句意：雨后，地面变得湿润，许多小昆虫出来了。根据“many small”可知，此处用可数名词复数，“insect”意为“昆虫”，复数是“insects”。 8．句意：但是现在，由于栖息地的丧失和气候变化，它们的生活处于极大的危险之中。“in great danger”表示“处于极大的危险中”，是固定短语，应用“in”。 9．句意：由于它们依赖特殊的干燥条件和定期的降雨，即使是很小的变化也会对它们造成很大的伤害。“can”是情态动词，后接动词原形，根据“even small changes”可知，变化会对它们造成伤害，“hurt”意为“伤害”，符合语境，用原形。 10．句意：幸运的是，科学家们正在努力在为时已晚之前更多地了解雨蛙。根据“scientists are working hard to learn more about rain frogs before it’s too late”可知，科学家努力了解雨蛙是幸运的事，“lucky”的副词“luckily”意为“幸运地”，修饰整个句子，句首首字母大写，应用“Luckily”。 1 / 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $