内容正文:
考前特训
期末考之重点单词、短语、语法、句型综合练习(新教材沪教版五四制)
八年级下册(Units 1-6)
内容提要
单词拼写题
单句语法填空题
完成句子填空题
班级 姓名 学号 分数
(时间:45分钟,满分:120分)
一、单词拼写:根据汉语提示填写单词 (本大题共30小题,每小题1分,共30分)
1.We should respect the ___________ (文化的) diversity of different nations.
2.The book is on ___________ (出售) now. You can buy it.
3.This is a ___________ (现代的) kind of art.
4.This coat ___________ (适合) me very well.
5.This poem ___________ (描述) the peaceful life in the countryside.
6.You should try your best to do everything by _________ (你自己).
7.The ___________ (形象) of the company is very important.
8.They are ___________ (欣赏) the traditional Chinese paintings in the gallery now.
9.________ (不管……) you are a football fan or not, a trip to Anfield will be a visit to remember.
10.We should ___________ (节省) money for future use.
11.Be ___________ (友好的) to everyone, and you’ll make more friends.
12.The wheel is a simple but important ___________ (发明) in human history.
13.The ___________ (美丽) of the park attracts many visitors.
14.This machine is a great invention of ___________ (古代的) China.
15.Entertainment comes a close second at 32 ___________ (百分之……).
16.She prefers ___________ (舒适的运动服) for daily wear.
17.The computer is a ___________ (强大的) machine.
18.The story sounds ___________ (可信的).
19.We must know the ___________ (重要性) of art.
20.The book is very ___________ (有用的) to us.
21.The ___________ (发展) of the city is fast.
22.We should ___________ (出席) the meeting on time.
23.She has a ___________ (天赋) for inventing things that can solve daily problems.
24.The teacher ___________ (警告) the students not to touch the electrical wires yesterday.
25.The ___________ (绘画) on the wall is very beautiful.
26.His ___________ (令人钦佩的) dedication to art has won him many awards.
27.When my friends and I had a trip to a peaceful countryside, we couldn’t find the building we wanted to visit. I was wondering ___________ (是否) we were lost or not.
28.The river ___________ (淹没) many houses after the heavy rain.
29.Please keep the room ___________ (干净的).
30.The ___________ (突然发生) of the tornado surprised everyone in the area.
二、单句语法填空:用所给单词的适当形式填空(本大题共50小题,每小题1分,共50分)
31.His words were very ___________ (encourage) and gave me more courage.
32.The flood ___________ (wash) away the small bridge last month.
33.The advertisement can ___________ (attractive) more customers to buy clothes.
34.___________ (drama) like Romeo and Juliet make people feel sad.
35.She bought a ___________ (packet) of candies.
36.His ____________ (explore) in the forest led to a new discovery.
37.This financial project ___________ (require) careful planning and risk assessment.
38.The ___________ (sudden) of the landslide took everyone by surprise.
39.This discovery ___________ (prove) to be correct after many tests.
40.—Do you think Linda will accept my help?
—I don’t think she will, because she is a quite ___________ girl. (depend)
41.I’m sorry I shouted at you just now. I was just feeling ___________ (stress).
42.It is meaningful ___________ (learn) about the history of great inventions.
43.If we ___________ (not plan) our expenses, we will run out of money soon.
44.If you ask ___________ like Jeff Bezos what the source of their ___________ is, they will say curiosity (好奇心). (create)
45.It’s very important to prepare flashlights and extra ___________ for emergencies when a typhoon comes. (battery)
46.They decided ___________ (organize) an art competition for students.
47.The art exhibition ___________ (last) for two weeks next month.
48.The Song dynasty issued the world’s first paper money, ___________ (know) as “Jiaozhi”.
49.She ___________ (scare) her little brother with a mask.
50.I ___________ (not finish) reading the art book yet.
51.Why didn’t you tell him the ___________ when he asked you about his illness? (true)
52.Huang Gongwang is one of the greatest ___________ (master) in Chinese painting history.
53.This handmade bag is ____________ (cheap) than the branded one, but it’s more durable.
54.___________ (whoever) comes to the art show will get a small gift.
55.The money-raising activity ___________ (organize) by the students raised a lot of funds.
56.Great inventions _________ (change) human life greatly since the Industrial Revolution.
57.This art form ____________ (become) more and more popular in recent years.
58.I ___________ (write) a report about great inventions when I heard the news.
59.The ___________ of shadow play in ancient China shows how people combined art and storytelling. (originate)
60.The ___________ (colour) banknotes from different countries are very interesting to collect.
61.We ___________ (visit) the central bank twice since last year.
62.You can add a small silver necklace as a simple ___________ to make your plain T-shirt more special.(decorate)
63.The price of petrol _________ (rise) by 10% in the past six months because of the global energy crisis.
64.His works ___________ (influence) many young artists since he became famous.
65.It’s an ____________ (interest) story about the invention.
66.Lucy and her pen pal _____ (exchange) gifts during their first face-to-face meeting last month.
67.The students _________ (discuss) the influence of mobile phones in class now.
68.By the time Fan Kuan became famous, he _________ hundreds of landscapes already. (paint)
69.Lake Baikal is very cold for more than 1200 different types of animals so ___________ (survive) in Lake Baikal is not easy.
70.The ___________ (wise) of saving money for emergencies is often emphasized by experts.
71.We take ___________ (proud) in our traditional culture.
72.Grandma’s happiness made the party very ___________ (meaningful).
73.The volunteers ___________ (clean) the art museum when we got there.
74.We are ____________ (amaze) at the great inventions.
75.The government _________ (launch) a campaign to teach teenagers about financial management since last month.
76.By the time we arrived, the scientist ___________ (leave) the lecture hall.
77.The ____________ (inspire) stories of inventors encourage us.
78.The audience was __________ (shock) by the young painter’s talent and unique creative style.
79.The ___________ (five) sculpture on the left is my favorite.
80.She ___________ (vivid) described the scene in her painting.
三、完成句子:根据汉语提示完成下列句子(本大题共20小题,每小题2分,共40分)
81.不要为了小事和你的朋友争吵。
Don’t ________ ________ your friends over small things.
82.商店用彩色海报以便吸引更多顾客。
Stores use colourful posters ________ ________ they may attract more customers.
83.伟大的发明使人们的工作和生活变得更轻松。
Great inventions ________ people’s work and life ________.
84.如何花零花钱取决于我们自己。
It’s ________ ________ us to decide how to spend our pocket money.
85.老师经常鼓励我们多创作。
Teachers often ________ us ________ ________ more.
86.公共交通是他们出行的重要方式。
Public transport is an important way for them to ________ ________.
87.蒸汽机的发明带来了工业革命。
The invention of the steam engine ________ ________ the Industrial Revolution.
88.巴黎时装秀在全世界都很有名。
The Paris ________ ________ ________ very famous ________ ________ __________ world.
89.也许我应该开始用存钱罐存钱,把钱放在里面,安然无恙。
Maybe I should ________ a ________ ________ and put my money in there, safe and sound.
90.这场突如其来的雷暴给城市造成了巨大的损失。
The ________ thunderstorm ________ great ________ to the city.
91.我想做训练导盲犬的志愿者,无论做多么辛苦的工作都没关系。
I want to be a ________ to train guide dogs—it ________ ________ how much hard work it takes.
92.我们必须采取安全措施来预防自然灾害。
We must ________ ________ ________ to ________ natural disasters.
93.当地震来临时,不要靠近窗户和倒塌的建筑物。
When an earthquake comes, don’t get ________ ________ windows and ________ buildings.
94.巴黎的时装秀在全世界都很有名。
The ________ ________ in Paris are very famous ________ ________ ________ ________.
95.随着生活成本的上升,越来越多的人开始兼职。
With the ______ of the cost of living, more and more people have started to ______ ______ ______.
96.威廉・康拉德・伦琴偶然发现了 X 射线。
Wilhelm Conrad Röentgen ________ X-rays ________ ________.
97.画中的一切都如此逼真,让农夫感到震惊。
Everything in the picture ________ ________ vivid ________ the farmer was shocked.
98.我们需要制作一份关于自然灾害的宣传单。
We need to ________ ________ ________ about natural disasters.
99.她擅长搭配不同的衣服创造新风格。
She ________ ________ ________ ________ different clothes to create new styles.
100.画中的一切都如此生动,让我想走进画里。
Everything in the painting is ________ ________ ________ I want to step into it.
4 / 5乐思英语
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$考前特训
期末考之重点单词、短语、语法、句型综合练习(新教材沪教版五四制)
八年级下册(Units 1-6)
内容提要
单词拼写题
单句语法填空题
完成句子填空题
班级 姓名 学号 分数
(时间:45分钟,满分:120分)
一、单词拼写:根据汉语提示填写单词 (本大题共30小题,每小题1分,共30分)
1.We should respect the ________ (文化的) diversity of different nations.
【答案】cultural
【详解】句意:我们应该尊重不同国家的文化多样性。根据句意和括号内的中文提示可知,此处考查cultural“文化的”,形容词作定语,修饰名词“diversity”。故填cultural。
2.The book is on ________ (出售) now. You can buy it.
【答案】sale
【详解】句意:这本书现在正在出售。你可以买它。“on sale”为固定短语,意为“在出售,上市”,符合语境中商品可供购买的含义。on sale是介词短语用作表语,空格处应填名词sale。
3.This is a ________ (现代的) kind of art.
【答案】modern
【详解】句意:这是一种现代的艺术。根据汉语提示可知,modern表示“现代的”。故填modern。
4.This coat ________ (适合) me very well.
【答案】suits
【详解】句意:这件外套非常适合我。“适合”常见英文表达有“fit”“suit”等。“fit”侧重于尺寸、大小方面的合适;“suit”侧重于款式、颜色、风格等方面的合适 。此处从语境看更强调款式等方面合适,用“suit”。句子主语“This coat”是第三人称单数,时态为一般现在时,“suit”的第三人称单数形式是“suits”,所以此处填“suits”。
5.This poem ________ (描述) the peaceful life in the countryside.
【答案】describes
【详解】句意:这首诗描述了乡村的宁静生活。主语“This poem”是单数,句子陈述客观内容用一般现在时,“描述”对应的英文动词“describe”需用第三人称单数形式“describes”。故填describes。
6.You should try your best to do everything by ______ (你自己).
【答案】yourself
【详解】句意:你应该尽最大努力独自做所有的事情。“你自己”对应的英文单词是yourself,为反身代词,by oneself是固定搭配,意为“独自”,故填yourself。
7.The ________ (形象) of the company is very important.
【答案】image
【详解】句意:这家公司的形象非常重要。image是名词作主语,意为“形象”。
8.They are ________ (欣赏) the traditional Chinese paintings in the gallery now.
【答案】appreciating
【详解】句意:他们现在正在美术馆里欣赏中国传统绘画。根据汉语提示可知,“欣赏”译为appreciate。结合“now”,此处用现在进行时,结构为“be + 现在分词”,appreciate的现在分词是appreciating。故填appreciating。
9.________ (不管……) you are a football fan or not, a trip to Anfield will be a visit to remember.
【答案】Whether
【详解】句意:不管你是不是足球迷,安菲尔德之行都会是一次难忘的经历。此处是固定搭配whether...or not,表示“无论……与否”。Whether“不管、无论”,连词,在句中引导让步状语从句。
10.We should ________ (节省) money for future use.
【答案】save
【详解】句意:我们应该节省钱以备将来使用。“节省”用save表达,是动词,“should”是情态动词,其后加动词原形。
11.Be ________ (友好的) to everyone, and you’ll make more friends.
【答案】friendly
【详解】句意:对每个人都友好,你会交到更多的朋友。友好的“friendly”,形容词,在句中作表语。故填friendly。
12.The wheel is a simple but important ________ (发明) in human history.
【答案】invention
【详解】句意:轮子是人类历史上一个简单但重要的发明。根据汉语提示“发明”可知,其对应英文为“invention”。空格前有不定冠词“a”修饰,所以此处用名词单数形式“invention”。故填invention。
13.The ________ (美丽) of the park attracts many visitors.
【答案】beauty
【详解】句意:这个公园的美景吸引了很多游客。空格前有定冠词The,后接介词of构成所有格结构,该空在整个句子中作主语,因此需要填入“美丽”对应的英文名词形式,beauty是不可数名词,此处用原形即可。故填beauty。
14.This machine is a great invention of ________ (古代的) China.
【答案】ancient
【详解】句意:这台机器是中国古代的一项伟大发明。根据汉语提示可知,ancient“古代的”,形容词作定语修饰名词China。
15.Entertainment comes a close second at 32 ________ (百分之……).
【答案】percent
【详解】句意:娱乐以32%的比例紧随其后。“百分之……”在英语中用percent表示,数字32后直接接percent即可。故填percent。
16.She prefers ________ (舒适的运动服) for daily wear.
【答案】comfortable sportswear
【详解】句意:她日常更喜欢穿舒适的运动服。“舒适的”对应英文形容词“comfortable”,“运动服”对应英文名词“sportswear”(不可数名词,无需变复数),两者组合构成“comfortable sportswear”,符合句子语境和语法要求。故填comfortable sportswear。
17.The computer is a ________ (强大的) machine.
【答案】powerful
【详解】句意:电脑是一种强大的机器。powerful“强大的”,形容词作定语修饰名词machine。
18.The story sounds ________ (可信的).
【答案】believable/credible
【详解】句意:这个故事听起来是可信的。表示“可信的”,用形容词believable/credible,作为系动词sounds的表语。
19.We must know the ________ (重要性) of art.
【答案】importance
【详解】句意:我们必须要知道艺术的重要性。空处位于动词know后面,应填名词形式importance“重要性”作宾语。
20.The book is very ________ (有用的) to us.
【答案】useful
【详解】句意:这本书对我们非常有用。“有用的”对应的英文单词是“useful”,为形容词,在句中作表语,描述主语“The book”的性质或特征。
21.The ________ (发展) of the city is fast.
【答案】development
【详解】句意:这座城市的发展速度很快。句中“The”后需接名词作句子主语,括号内的中文提示“发展”对应的英文名词为development,该词为不可数名词,在句中作主语,故填development。
22.We should ________ (出席) the meeting on time.
【答案】attend
【详解】句意:我们应该准时出席会议。“出席”可译为attend,动词。情态动词should后接动词原形。
23.She has a ________ (天赋) for inventing things that can solve daily problems.
【答案】talent
【详解】句意:她有发明能解决日常问题的物品的天赋。根据汉语提示“天赋”可知,对应的英文单词是“talent”,“have a talent” 是固定搭配,意为“有……的天赋”。故填talent。
24.The teacher ________ (警告) the students not to touch the electrical wires yesterday.
【答案】warned
【详解】句意:老师警告学生们不要触碰电线。根据汉语提示可知,warn“警告”是动词,本句时间状语yesterday,时态为一般过去时,warn的过去式为warned,故填warned。
25.The ________ (绘画) on the wall is very beautiful.
【答案】painting
【详解】句意:墙上的这幅画非常漂亮。句中“The”后需接名词作句子主语,括号内的中文提示“绘画”对应的英文名词为painting,且句中谓语动词“is”为单数形式,表明主语为单数概念,故填painting。
26.His ________ (令人钦佩的) dedication to art has won him many awards.
【答案】admirable
【详解】句意:他对艺术令人钦佩的奉献为他赢得了许多奖项。根据汉语提示可知,admirable“令人钦佩的”,形容词,此处作定语修饰名词dedication。故填admirable。
27.When my friends and I had a trip to a peaceful countryside, we couldn’t find the building we wanted to visit. I was wondering ________ (是否) we were lost or not.
【答案】whether
【详解】句意:当我和朋友们去一个宁静的乡村旅行时,我们找不到想要参观的建筑。我纳闷我们是不是迷路了。“是否”可译为whether,引导宾语从句,“whether...or not”为固定搭配,意为“是否”。
28.The river ________ (淹没) many houses after the heavy rain.
【答案】flooded
【详解】句意:大雨过后,河水淹没了许多房屋。flood “淹没”,动作发生在过去,用一般过去时“flooded”,故填flooded。
29.Please keep the room ________ (干净的).
【答案】clean
【详解】句意:请保持房间干净。“keep + 宾语 + 形容词”,意为“保持某物处于某种状态”,“干净的”对应的形容词是clean。
30.The ________ (突然发生) of the tornado surprised everyone in the area.
【答案】suddenness
【详解】句意:龙卷风的突然来袭令该地区的每个人都感到意外。本句空格前有定冠词The,后面有介词of,因此需要填入名词。括号提示“突然发生”,suddenness有此含义,the suddenness of the tornado表示“龙卷风的突然来袭”,在句中作主语。故填suddenness
二、单句语法填空:用所给单词的适当形式填空(本大题共50小题,每小题1分,共50分)
31.His words were very ________ (encourage) and gave me more courage.
【答案】encouraging
【详解】句意:他的话非常鼓舞人心,给了我更多勇气。encourage“鼓励”,动词,此处作表语,用于说明主语“His words”的性质,需用形容词形式。encourage的形容词形式为encouraging“鼓舞人心的”。故填encouraging。
32.The flood ________ (wash) away the small bridge last month.
【答案】washed
【详解】句意:上个月的洪水冲走了那座小桥。wash“清洗”,动词,结合句意,此处应该是表示“冲走”,“wash away”意为“冲走”,本句的时间状语“last month”表示时态为一般过去时,此处谓语动词wash应填其过去式washed。
33.The advertisement can ________ (attractive) more customers to buy clothes.
【答案】attract
【详解】句意:这则广告可以吸引更多顾客来买衣服。 情态动词can后面必须跟动词原形,attractive“有吸引力的,迷人的”,是形容词,对应的动词是attract,意思是“吸引”,符合语境。
34.________ (drama) like Romeo and Juliet make people feel sad.
【答案】Dramas
【详解】句意:像《罗密欧与朱丽叶》这样的戏剧让人们感到悲伤。drama意为“戏剧”,且根据谓语“make”可知需要名词复数作主语。故填Dramas。
35.She bought a ________ (packet) of candies.
【答案】packet
【详解】句意:她买了一包糖果。packet“小包,一袋”,名词;a后接可数名词单数形式。故填packet。
36.His _________ (explore) in the forest led to a new discovery.
【答案】exploration
【详解】句意:他在森林中的探索带来了新的发现。his后接名词,explore的名词形式是exploration。
37.This financial project ________ (require) careful planning and risk assessment.
【答案】requires
【详解】句意:这个金融项目需要周密的规划和风险评估。require“要求”,动词,句子时态为一般现在时,主语This financial project为第三人称单数,谓语动词用第三人称单数形式,require的第三人称单数形式为requires。故填requires。
38.The ________ (sudden) of the landslide took everyone by surprise.
【答案】suddenness
【详解】句意:滑坡的突然发生让每个人都措手不及。sudden“突然的”,定冠词the后接名词,sudden的名词形式是suddenness。故填suddenness。
39.This discovery ________ (prove) to be correct after many tests.
【答案】has proved/proved
【详解】句意:这项发现经过多次实验证明是正确的。根据“This discovery…to be correct after many tests.”可知,此处表示这项发现经过多次实验证明是正确的;句子可以用现在完成时,其结构为“have/has done”,主语是第三人称单数,助动词用has;句子也可以用一般过去时,谓语动词用过去式。故填has proved/proved。
40.—Do you think Linda will accept my help?
—I don’t think she will, because she is a quite ________ girl. (depend)
【答案】independent
【详解】句意:——你认为琳达会接受我的帮助吗?——我认为她不会,因为她是一个相当独立的女孩。depend“依靠”,根据“I don’t think she will”可知,她不会接受帮助,因为她很独立,independent“独立的”,形容词作定语修饰名词girl。故填independent。
41.I’m sorry I shouted at you just now. I was just feeling ________ (stress).
【答案】stressed
【详解】句意:很抱歉我刚才对你大喊大叫了,我当时只是感到压力很大。句中feeling是系动词,后面需要接形容词作表语,用来描述人的感受。动词stress对应的形容词形式为stressed,意为“感到有压力的、紧张的”,常用来表达人的情绪状态。
42.It is meaningful ________ (learn) about the history of great inventions.
【答案】to learn
【详解】句意:了解伟大发明的历史是有意义的。本句“It is + 形容词 + to do sth”句型,表示“做某事是……的”,it是形式主语,真正主语是后面的不定式,填learn的动词不定式形式to learn。
43.If we ________ (not plan) our expenses, we will run out of money soon.
【答案】don’t plan
【详解】句意:如果我们不计划好开支,很快就会把钱花光。plan“计划”,动词;本句为if引导的条件状语从句,时态遵循主将从现,主句为一般将来时“will run out”,从句应用一般现在时表将来。主语“we”为复数,否定形式为don’t plan。故填don’t plan。
44.If you ask ________ like Jeff Bezos what the source of their ________ is, they will say curiosity (好奇心). (create)
【答案】 creators creativity
【详解】句意:如果你问像杰夫·贝索斯这样的创造者,他们的创造力的源泉是什么,他们会说好奇心。句中“like Jeff Bezos”(像杰夫·贝索斯)是举例,杰夫·贝索斯作为亚马逊创始人,是具有开拓性的创造者,因此用“creators”(复数,泛指这类人)符合语境,并结合答语“curiosity(好奇心)”,可知此处应填“创造力”,即“creativity”,作介词of的宾语,表示“他们的创造力”。
45.It’s very important to prepare flashlights and extra ________ for emergencies when a typhoon comes. (battery)
【答案】batteries
【详解】句意:当台风来临时,准备手电筒和额外的电池以备不时之需是非常重要的。此处空格处是作为extra的宾语,与flashlights并列,battery为可数名词,这里要用复数形式表示泛指,故填batteries。
46.They decided ________ (organize) an art competition for students.
【答案】to organize
【详解】句意:他们决定为学生组织一场艺术比赛。根据固定搭配“decide to do sth.”,动词decide后面需要接不定式作宾语,因此括号内的动词“organize”需要变为“to organize”。故填to organize。
47.The art exhibition ________ (last) for two weeks next month.
【答案】will last/is going to last
【详解】句意:这次艺术展将于下个月持续两周。last“持续”,动词;根据时间状语“next month”可知,动作发生在将来,应用一般将来时“will+动词原形”或“is/are going to+动词原形”。主语“exhibition”为第三人称单数,故填will last/is going to last。故填will last/is going to last。
48.The Song dynasty issued the world’s first paper money, ________ (know) as “Jiaozhi”.
【答案】known
【详解】句意:宋朝发行了世界上第一种纸币,被称为“交子”。根据句子结构可知,横线处需填非谓语动词,know“知道”,动词,其过去分词形式为known。be known as“被称为”,此处省略be,用过去分词作后置定语修饰名词“paper money”。故填known。
49.She ________ (scare) her little brother with a mask.
【答案】scared
【详解】句意:她戴着面具吓唬她的弟弟。此处描述的是已经发生的动作,需用一般过去时,“scare”的过去式是“scared”。
50.I ________ (not finish) reading the art book yet.
【答案】haven’t finished
【详解】句意:我还没有读完这本美术书。根据“yet”可知,用现在完成时的否定形式,结构为have/has not done,主语是I,助动词用have,finish的过去分词为finished。故填haven’t finished。
51.Why didn’t you tell him the ________ when he asked you about his illness? (true)
【答案】truth
【详解】句意:当他问起自己的病情时,你为什么不告诉他真相呢?由“the”可知,后面需要名词, true“真实的、正确的”,是形容词,其名词为truth“真相,事实”。故填truth。
52.Huang Gongwang is one of the greatest ________ (master) in Chinese painting history.
【答案】masters
【详解】句意:黄公望是中国绘画史上最伟大的大师之一。master“大师”,是名词,one of the+形容词的最高级+复数名词,表示“最……的……之一”,此处用复数名词,故填masters。
53.This handmade bag is _________ (cheap) than the branded one, but it’s more durable.
【答案】cheaper
【详解】句意:这个手工制作的包比名牌包便宜,但更耐用。句中“than”为比较级的标志词,提示应用比较级形式。cheap的比较级为cheaper,意为“更便宜的”,符合句意。
54.________ (whoever) comes to the art show will get a small gift.
【答案】Whoever
【详解】句意:无论谁来参加艺术展都将得到一份小礼物。“whoever”引导主语从句,在从句中作主语,意为“无论谁;任何人” ,符合句子语义逻辑,不能用“who”,因为“who”通常表具体疑问,而此句需要宽泛指代“无论谁”。
55.The money-raising activity ________ (organize) by the students raised a lot of funds.
【答案】organized
【详解】句意:由学生们组织的筹款活动筹集了大量资金。根据中英文对照可知,缺少成分“被组织的”,在句中作后置定语修饰名词“The money-raising activity”。“activity”与“organize”之间是被动关系,即“活动是被组织的”,因此需要使用过去分词作后置定语。动词“organize”的过去分词是“organized”,故填organized。
56.Great inventions ______ (change) human life greatly since the Industrial Revolution.
【答案】have changed
【详解】句意:自工业革命以来,伟大的发明极大地改变了人类的生活。change“改变”,动词;根据“since the Industrial Revolution”可知,句子时态是现在完成时,其结构为“have/has+动词的过去分词”,主语“Great inventions”是复数,因此用助动词have,change的过去分词是changed。故填have changed。
57.This art form _________ (become) more and more popular in recent years.
【答案】has become
【详解】句意:这种艺术形式在近些年变得越来越流行。根据时间状语“in recent years”,可知应该用现在完成时,主语“This art form”是第三人称单数形式,故助动词用has,become的过去分词为become,故填has become。
58.I ________ (write) a report about great inventions when I heard the news.
【答案】was writing
【详解】句意:我正在写一篇关于伟大发明的报道,这时听到了这个消息。根据“I…a report about great inventions when I heard the news.”可知,此处描述过去某个时刻正在发生的事情,应用过去进行时,其结构为“was/were doing”;主语是I,助动词用was,write的现在分词是writing。故填was writing。
59.The ________ of shadow play in ancient China shows how people combined art and storytelling. (originate)
【答案】origin
【详解】句意:中国古代皮影戏的起源展示了人们是如何将艺术和讲故事结合起来的。originate“起源”,动词;此处作句子主语,需要用名词形式origin“起源”。本句中“the origin of shadow plays”特指“皮影戏这一事物的起源”,是单数概念,因此用单数形式origin,故填origin。
60.The ________ (colour) banknotes from different countries are very interesting to collect.
【答案】colourful/colorful
【详解】句意:来自不同国家的彩色钞票收集起来很有趣。名词banknotes前用形容词修饰,colour的形容词为colourful/colorful,表 “色彩鲜艳的”。故填colourful/colorful。
61.We ________ (visit) the central bank twice since last year.
【答案】have visited
【详解】句意:自去年以来,我们已经参观了中央银行两次。时间状语“since last year”表示从过去持续到现在的阶段,常与现在完成时连用,结构为“have/has + 过去分词”。主语We为第一人称复数,用“have”,visit的过去分词为visited。故填have visited。
62.You can add a small silver necklace as a simple ________ to make your plain T-shirt more special.(decorate)
【答案】decoration
【详解】句意:你可以加一条小银项链作为简单的装饰品,让你的素色T恤更特别。这里需要一个名词来作介词as的宾语,且前面有形容词simple修饰;动词decorate的名词形式是decoration,意思是“装饰品”。故填decoration。
63.The price of petrol ______ (rise) by 10% in the past six months because of the global energy crisis.
【答案】has risen
【详解】句意:由于全球能源危机,汽油价格在过去六个月上涨了10%。根据“in the past six months”可知句子是现在完成时,主语“The price of petrol”是单数,助动词用has。故填has risen。
64.His works ________ (influence) many young artists since he became famous.
【答案】have influenced
【详解】句意:自从他成名以来,他的作品就影响了很多年轻艺术家。时间状语“since he became famous”表明句子应使用现在完成时,其结构为“have/has+过去分词”。主语“His works”是复数,因此助动词用have,动词“influence”的过去分词是influenced。故填have influenced。
65.It’s an _________ (interest) story about the invention.
【答案】interesting
【详解】句意:这是一个关于这项发明的有趣故事。句中“story”为名词,需用形容词修饰作定语。interest为名词/动词,其修饰事物的形容词形式为interesting,意为“有趣的”,符合“有趣的故事”的语境。
66.Lucy and her pen pal ________ (exchange) gifts during their first face-to-face meeting last month.
【答案】exchanged
【详解】句意:露西和她的笔友在上个月的第一次见面时互换了礼物。根据时间状语“last month”可知,动作发生在过去,应使用一般过去时。所给动词“exchange”为规则动词,其过去式为“exchanged”,在句中作谓语。故填exchanged。
67.The students ______ (discuss) the influence of mobile phones in class now.
【答案】are discussing
【详解】句意:学生们正在课堂上讨论手机带来的影响。根据“now”可知,句子时态为现在进行时,其构成为“be+动词的现在分词”,表示“正在讨论”;又因主语为“The students”表示“学生们”,be动词用are;discuss“讨论”,动词原形,其现在分词形式为discussing。故填are discussing。
68.By the time Fan Kuan became famous, he ________ hundreds of landscapes already. (paint)
【答案】had painted
【详解】句意:到范宽成名时,他已经画了数百幅山水画。paint“绘画”,动词;根据“By the time Fan Kuan became famous”可知,此处表示在过去某一时间点之前已经完成的动作,用过去完成时“had+过去分词”,paint的过去分词是painted。故填had painted。
69.Lake Baikal is very cold for more than 1200 different types of animals so ________ (survive) in Lake Baikal is not easy.
【答案】surviving/to survive
【详解】句意:贝加尔湖对1200多种动物来说非常寒冷,所以在贝加尔湖生存并不容易。该句中“so”连接前后两个分句,后一分句缺少主语,动词原形不能直接作主语,需将“survive”变为动名词“surviving”(表示“生存”这件事)或动词不定式“to survive”作句子的主语。
70.The ________ (wise) of saving money for emergencies is often emphasized by experts.
【答案】wisdom
【详解】句意:专家们经常强调存钱以备不时之需的智慧。根据“The...of saving money for emergencies”可知,空处在句中作主语,需要用名词形式。括号内的wise是形容词,意为“明智的”,其名词形式为wisdom,意为“智慧”,是不可数名词,故填wisdom。
71.We take ________ (proud) in our traditional culture.
【答案】pride
【详解】句意:我们为我们的传统文化感到自豪。take pride in意为“以……为傲、对……感到自豪”,需将形容词proud变为名词pride。
72.Grandma’s happiness made the party very ________ (meaningful).
【答案】meaningful
【详解】句意:奶奶的幸福使聚会变得非常有意义。make sb/sth +adj“使某人/某物……的”,故此处应用形容词作宾语补足语,形容词meaningful“有意义的”符合语境。故填meaningful。
73.The volunteers ________ (clean) the art museum when we got there.
【答案】were cleaning
【详解】句意:当我们到达那里时,志愿者们正在打扫艺术博物馆。根据“The volunteers...the art museum when we got there.”可知,本句是含有when引导的时间状语从句的主从复合句,“when”引导的时间状语从句强调一个动作 (got there) 发生,另一个动作 (clean) 正在进行,所以主句应用过去进行时,结构是“was/were+动词的现在分词”,主语“The volunteers”是复数,be动词用were,clean的现在分词是cleaning,故填were cleaning。
74.We are _________ (amaze) at the great inventions.
【答案】amazed
【详解】句意:我们对这些伟大的发明感到惊讶。amaze“使惊奇;使惊讶”,是动词,此处考查固定短语be amazed at…,意为“对……感到惊讶”,amazed意为“惊讶的;惊奇的”,是形容词,作表语。
75.The government ______ (launch) a campaign to teach teenagers about financial management since last month.
【答案】has launched
【详解】句意:自上个月起,政府开展了一场旨在教育青少年财务管理的活动。launch“发起”,根据“since last month”可知,句子用现在完成时,结构“have/has+过去分词”,主语The government,助动词用has,launch的过去分词为launched。故填has launched。
76.By the time we arrived, the scientist ________ (leave) the lecture hall.
【答案】had left
【详解】句意:我们到达时,那位科学家已经离开了演讲厅。leave“离开”,动词。根据“By the time we arrived”可知,主句动作“离开”发生在从句动作“到达”之前,即“过去的过去”,应用过去完成时“had+过去分词”。故填had left。
77.The _________ (inspire) stories of inventors encourage us.
【答案】inspiring
【详解】句意:发明家们鼓舞人心的故事激励着我们。此处用形容词作定语修饰名词stories,表示“……的故事”。inspire的形容词形式有inspired“受到鼓舞的”和inspiring“鼓舞人心的”。根据句意,此处表示“鼓舞人心的故事”,应用inspiring。
78.The audience was _________ (shock) by the young painter’s talent and unique creative style.
【答案】shocked
【详解】句意:观众被这位年轻画家的才华和独特创意风格所震惊。根据句中“by”提示,此处表示“观众被……震惊”。被动语态的基本结构是“be动词+及物动词的过去分词”。动词“shock”(震惊)的过去分词是“shocked”。故填shocked。
79.The ________ (five) sculpture on the left is my favorite.
【答案】fifth
【详解】句意:左边第五个雕塑是我的最爱。此处修饰名词sculpture,强调顺序“左边的第五个”,因此基数词five需变为序数词fifth。
80.She ________ (vivid) described the scene in her painting.
【答案】vividly
【详解】句意:她生动地描绘了她画中的场景。句中described是动词,修饰动词需要用副词;vivid是形容词,意为“生动的”,副词形式为vividly,表示“生动地”。
三、完成句子:根据汉语提示完成下列句子(本大题共20小题,每小题2分,共40分)
81.不要为了小事和你的朋友争吵。
Don’t ________ ________ your friends over small things.
【答案】 argue with
【详解】根据句意及空格处可知,缺少“和……争吵”的表达,argue with“和……争吵”,动词短语,结合“Don’t”,此处是祈使句,以动词原形开头,故填argue;with。
82.商店用彩色海报以便吸引更多顾客。
Stores use colourful posters ________ ________ they may attract more customers.
【答案】 so that
【详解】根据中英文对照可知,此处缺“以便”。so that“以便”,引导目的状语从句。故填so;that。
83.伟大的发明使人们的工作和生活变得更轻松。
Great inventions ________ people’s work and life ________.
【答案】 make easier
【详解】原句中“使……更轻松”是关键词,短语“make+名词+形容词”表示“使某事物……”,该句陈述一般事实,应用一般现在时,主语为复数Great inventions,谓语动词用原形make,“更轻松”暗含比较级,应用形容词比较级easier。
84.如何花零花钱取决于我们自己。
It’s ________ ________ us to decide how to spend our pocket money.
【答案】 up to
【详解】原句中“取决于”是关键词,表示“取决于”的短语为“be up to”。故填up;to。
85.老师经常鼓励我们多创作。
Teachers often ________ us ________ ________ more.
【答案】 encourage to create
【详解】根据中英文对照可知,此处缺“鼓励某人去做某事”encourage sb. to do sth.;根据“Teachers often”可知,谓语动词encourage用原形;create表示“创作,创造”,to后加动词原形。故填encourage;to;create。
86.公共交通是他们出行的重要方式。
Public transport is an important way for them to ________ ________.
【答案】 get around
【详解】对比中英文可知,空格处缺少“出行”,对应短语get around,不定式符号to后需接动词原形,故填get around。
87.蒸汽机的发明带来了工业革命。
The invention of the steam engine ________ ________ the Industrial Revolution.
【答案】 led to
【详解】根据中英文对照可知,此处缺少“带来”。lead to导致;带来;这里讲的是过去发生的历史事件,所以用一般过去时,lead的过去式为led(不规则变化)。故填led;to。
88.巴黎时装秀在全世界都很有名。
The Paris ________ ________ ________ very famous ________ ________ __________ world.
【答案】 Fashion Show is all over the
【详解】“巴黎时装秀”译为Paris Fashion Show;主语视为单数,be动词用is;“全世界”的固定表达是all over the world。故填Fashion;Show;is;all;over;the。
89.也许我应该开始用存钱罐存钱,把钱放在里面,安然无恙。
Maybe I should ________ a ________ ________ and put my money in there, safe and sound.
【答案】 start piggy bank
【详解】“开始”对应start,情态动词should后接动词原形。“存钱罐”对应固定搭配piggy bank。故填start;piggy;bank。
90.这场突如其来的雷暴给城市造成了巨大的损失。
The ________ thunderstorm ________ great ________ to the city.
【答案】 sudden caused damage
【详解】根据中英文对照可知,填空处为“突如其来的”以及“造成了损失”;sudden“突如其来的”,形容词,修饰thunderstorm;cause“造成、引起”,句子描述的是过去发生的事件,因此使用一般过去时,用caused;damage“损失”为名词。故填sudden;caused;damage。
91.我想做训练导盲犬的志愿者,无论做多么辛苦的工作都没关系。
I want to be a ________ to train guide dogs—it ________ ________ how much hard work it takes.
【答案】 volunteer doesn’t matter
【详解】原句中“志愿者”和“……没关系”是关键词,表示“志愿者”的单词是volunteer,表示“……没关系”的句型是it doesn’t matter…。a后接可数名词单数,主语it是第三人称单数,一般现在时的否定用doesn’t,后接动词原形matter,故填volunteer;doesn’t;matter。
92.我们必须采取安全措施来预防自然灾害。
We must ________ ________ ________ to ________ natural disasters.
【答案】 take safety measures prevent
【详解】根据题干可知,本题考查: “采取安全措施”的英文表达为take safety measures,情态动词must后接动词原形take。 “预防”的英文表达为prevent,不定式符号to后接动词原形prevent,符合“采取措施来预防自然灾害”的语义。 故填take;safety;measures;prevent。
93.当地震来临时,不要靠近窗户和倒塌的建筑物。
When an earthquake comes, don’t get ________ ________ windows and ________ buildings.
【答案】 close to falling
【详解】根据中英文提示可知,此处表达“靠近”使用固定短语get close to;表达“倒塌的”使用形容词falling修饰名词buildings;句子为祈使句的否定形式,Don’t后接动词原形。故填close;to;falling。
94.巴黎的时装秀在全世界都很有名。
The ________ ________ in Paris are very famous ________ ________ ________ ________.
【答案】 fashion shows all over the world
【详解】根据中英文对照可知,此处缺少“时装秀”和“全世界”。fashion shows“时装秀”,名词短语,作主语,句首需大写“The”。all over the world“全世界”,介词短语,作地点状语。故填fashion;shows;all;over;the;world。
95.随着生活成本的上升,越来越多的人开始兼职。
With the ______ of the cost of living, more and more people have started to ______ ______ ______.
【答案】 rise take part-time jobs
【详解】根据中英文对照可知,①处缺少“上升”,rise“上升”,名词,符合语境;②③④处缺少“兼职”,take part-time jobs“做兼职”,为固定搭配,start to do sth.“开始做某事”,故此处用动词原形take。故填rise;take;part-time;jobs。
96.威廉・康拉德・伦琴偶然发现了 X 射线。
Wilhelm Conrad Röentgen ________ X-rays ________ ________.
【答案】 discovered by accident
【详解】原文中第一空“发现”是关键词,表示“发现”的英文是discover,事情发生在过去,时态用一般过去时,谓语动词用过去式discovered,后面两空“偶然”是关键词,表示“偶然”的英文是by accident。
97.画中的一切都如此逼真,让农夫感到震惊。
Everything in the picture ________ ________ vivid ________ the farmer was shocked.
【答案】 was so that
【详解】原句中的关键词是“如此”,结合整句结构可知,应采用so...that...句型,so修饰形容词vivid;根据the farmer was shocked可知,主句的谓语动词应采用过去式,vivid为形容词,需用系动词was。故填was;so;that。
98.我们需要制作一份关于自然灾害的宣传单。
We need to ________ ________ ________ about natural disasters.
【答案】 make a leaflet
【详解】原句中“制作一份宣传单”是关键词,“制作”对应动词make,need to后接动词原形,“宣传单”对应leaflet,泛指“一份”且leaflet以辅音音素开头对应不定冠词a。故填make;a;leaflet。
99.她擅长搭配不同的衣服创造新风格。
She ________ ________ ________ ________ different clothes to create new styles.
【答案】 is good at matching
【详解】根据中英文提示可知,此处表达“擅长”,使用be good at;主语She为第三人称单数,be动词用is,at后接动名词形式。故填is;good;at;matching。
100.画中的一切都如此生动,让我想走进画里。
Everything in the painting is ________ ________ ________ I want to step into it.
【答案】 so vivid that
【详解】根据中英文对照可知,此处缺少“如此……以至于……”的英文表达。“如此……以至于……”可表达为“so…that…”结构,其中so后接形容词或副词,that引导结果状语从句。“生动的”英文为vivid,是形容词。故填so;vivid;that。
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