内容正文:
考前特训
期末考之重点单词、短语、语法、句型综合练习(新教材沪教版)
八年级下册(Units 1-8) 考前复习之易错难点全掌握
班级 姓名 学号 分数
(时间:60分钟,满分:120分)
1、 填空题:根据语句及首字母提示填写单词 (本大题共30小题,每小题1分,共30分)
1.She wants to be a v________ to help the disabled people.
【答案】volunteer/olunteer
【详解】句意:她想成为一名志愿者来帮助残疾人。根据首字母提示“v”以及“to help the disabled people”,此处表示“志愿者”。名词volunteer“志愿者”符合语境,且空前有冠词“a”修饰,应用单数形式。
2.The weather was very p________, so there were lots of people at our charity event.
【答案】pleasant/leasant
【详解】句意:天气十分宜人,所以有很多人来参加我们的慈善活动。根据首字母提示和“so there were lots of people at our charity event.”可知,天气好,人才会多,形容词pleasant符合语境。
3.I often do calligraphy to r________ in my free time.
【答案】relax/elax
【详解】句意:我经常在空闲时间写书法来放松。结合首字母“r”和语境(写书法的目的),此处应填动词“relax”(放松),“to relax”在句中作目的状语。故填relax。
4.The main reason to build the Great Wall was to p________ China.
【答案】protect/rotect
【详解】句意:建造长城的主要原因是保护中国。句中“to”后接动词原形构成不定式表目的,结合建造长城的目的及首字母为p可知,应是说保护中国,protect“保护”,符合语境。
5.Many students like to do v________ work to help the old and disabled.
【答案】voluntary/oluntary
【详解】句意:许多学生喜欢做志愿工作来帮助老人和残疾人。根据句意及首字母提示,此处需填写形容词修饰名词work,voluntary意为“志愿的”,符合语境。故填voluntary。
6.Many people s________ from stress in their daily life.
【答案】suffer/uffer
【详解】句意:许多人在日常生活中承受着压力。根据“from stress”和首字母提示可知,指承受压力。suffer from“受……困扰,遭受(痛苦/疾病/压力等)”。句子描述的是日常生活中的普遍情况,时态用一般现在时,主语“Many people”是复数,动词用原形suffer。
7.My mother often c________ me up when I am sad.
【答案】cheers/heers
【详解】句意:当我伤心的时候,我妈妈经常使我振作起来。句中缺少谓语动词,结合“when I am sad”及首字母为c可知,应是说妈妈使我振作起来,cheers是cheer的第三人称单数形式,cheer sb. up“使某人振作起来”,符合语境。
8.When walking on the streets, we need to pay a________ to the traffic around.
【答案】attention/ttention
【详解】句意:走在街上时,我们需要留意周围的交通状况。根据“When walking on the streets,”及首字母提示可知,此处指留意周围的交通状况,pay attention to为固定短语,意为“留意,注意”。故填attention。
9.The new employee was keen to make a good i________ on his boss.
【答案】(i)mpression
【详解】句意:新雇员急于给老板留下好印象。根据“make a good...on”及首字母可知考查 make a good impression on“给……留下好印象”,故填(i)mpression。
10.Our PE teacher says that doing sports b________ us a lot.
【答案】benefits/enefits
【详解】句意:我们的体育老师说,做运动对我们大有益处。空处应填谓语动词。根据“doing sports”和首字母可知,做运动对我们有益处。benefit“使受益”,此句是一般现在时,主语是动名词短语,谓语动词用三单形式benefits。
11.After years of t________, he finally became a skilled violinist.
【答案】training/raining
【详解】句意:经过多年的训练,他最终成为了一名技艺娴熟的小提琴家。
根据“he finally became a skilled violinist.”以及首字母提示t,可知成为小提琴家需要训练,介词of后接动名词形式,用training。
12.Window cleaning is not always c________ a good job, but I’ll never regret it.
【答案】considered/onsidered
【详解】句意:擦窗户并不总是被算作一份好工作,但我永远不会后悔。句中“is”为助动词,与过去分词构成被动语态,结合句意及首字母提示,此处表示“被算作;被认为是”,应该用单词considered。
13.When you feel nervous, just take a deep b________ and calm down.
【答案】breath/reath
【详解】句意:当你感到紧张时,只要深呼吸,然后冷静下来。根据“When you feel nervous, just take a deep ... and calm down.”及首字母可知,感到紧张时,深呼吸然后冷静下来,breath“呼吸”,take a deep breath“深呼吸”,固定短语。故填breath。
14.We can see many lovely a________ in the cartoon.
【答案】animals/nimals
【详解】句意:我们可以在卡通片里看到许多可爱的动物。many后应跟复数名词,结合“lovely...in the cartoon”及首字母可知,卡通片里有很多可爱的动物,animal“动物”,此处用其复数。
15.The shadow puppets are made of l________ because it can last for a long time.
【答案】leather/eather
【详解】句意:皮影是用皮革做的,因为它可以保存很长时间。根据“The shadow puppets are made of”及首字母可知,皮影是用皮革做的,leather“皮革”符合语境,为不可数名词。故填leather。
16.U________, the artist’s final work was lost during the transportation.
【答案】Unfortunately/nfortunately
【详解】句意:不幸的是,这位艺术家的最后作品在运输过程中丢失了。根据“the artist’s final work was lost during the transportation.”以及首字母提示可知,这是一件不幸运的事情,unfortunately“不幸地”,副词,此处用副词作状语,修饰整个句子,且句首字母大写。故填Unfortunately。
17.This painting is a real m________ by a great artist.
【答案】masterpiece/asterpiece
【详解】句意:这幅画是一位伟大艺术家的真正杰作。空格前有不定冠词a和形容词real,需填可数名词单数形式,根据首字母m提示及句意,表示“杰作”的英文单词是masterpiece。
18.We have s________ bedrooms, so we have enough personal space.
【答案】separate/eparate
【详解】句意:我们有独立的卧室,所以我们有足够的个人空间。根据首字母“s”和后文“so we have enough personal space”可知,此处应填separate,意为“独立的,分开的”,修饰bedrooms。
19.You can come to my office w________ you need help with your lessons.
【答案】whenever/henever
【详解】句意:无论何时你在功课上需要帮助,都可以来我的办公室。根据“You can come to my office…you need help with your lessons.”和首字母“w”可知,无论何时你在功课上需要帮助,whenever“无论何时”,故填whenever。
20.She felt very tired and t________ herself into the sofa as soon as she got home.
【答案】threw/hrew
【详解】句意:她感到很累,一到家就把自己扔到沙发上。句中“threw”是谓语动词,根据“She felt very tired”以及“herself into the sofa as soon as she got home”可知,此处表达一到家就把自己“扔”到沙发上,结合首字母为t可知,throw“扔”符合语境,又因为句子时态是一般过去时,所以用其过去式threw。
21.It’s n________ for us to take some exercise after school.
【答案】necessary/ecessary
【详解】句意:放学后做些运动对我们来说是必要的。根据语句 “It’s … for us to take some exercise after school.” 及首字母 “n” 的提示可知,此空的含义为 “必要的”,英文翻译为 “necessary”,形容词,It’s + 形容词 + for sb. to do sth. 是固定句型。
22.No one can f________ us to do things we don’t really like.
【答案】force/orce
【详解】句意:没有人能强迫我们去做我们真正不喜欢的事情。根据“us to do things”及首字母“f”可知,此处表示“强迫”某人做某事,对应的单词为force;情态动词“can”后接动词原形。
23.It’s important to c________ your emotions, especially when you feel very angry or upset.
【答案】control/ontrol
【详解】句意:控制你的情绪很重要,尤其是当你感到非常生气或沮丧的时候。本句使用了固定句型“It’s + adj + to do sth”,意为“做某事是……的”,其中to后面需要接动词原形。结合首字母c和语境,最合适的单词是control。故填control。
24.Our teacher is very pleased to see the big p________ we have made this term.
【答案】progress/rogress
【详解】句意:我们的老师很高兴看到我们这学期取得的巨大进步。根据“made this term”(本学期取得)及首字母“p”可知,此处表示“进步”,对应的单词为progress;“make progress”是固定搭配。
25.Li Bai is a famous Chinese p__________ who wrote many beautiful poems.
【答案】poet/oet
【详解】句意:李白是一位著名的中国诗人,他写了许多优美的诗歌。根据首字母提示和“wrote many beautiful poems”可知,此处表示写诗的诗人。名词poet“诗人”符合语境。a是冠词,后接可数名词单数形式。故填poet。
26.We can p________ cultural exchange by learning foreign languages.
【答案】promote/romote
【详解】句意:我们可以通过学习外语来促进文化交流。情态动词“can”后接动词原形;结合首字母和语境“We can p cultural exchange by learning foreign languages.”可知,此处可填入表示“促进,推动”的动词。故填promote。
27.My brother likes m________ and can play the piano well.
【答案】music/usic
【详解】句意:我的哥哥喜欢音乐,并且钢琴弹得很好。根据“can play the piano well”和首字母提示可知,此处需填表示“音乐”的名词。故填music。
28.Helping people in need can bring us much p________.
【答案】pleasure/leasure
【详解】句意:帮助有需要的人能给我们带来很多快乐。根据句意和首字母p,以及much修饰不可数名词,可知是名词pleasure“快乐、愉悦”,符合句意。
29.It’s impolite to p________ at others with your fingers when having a talk.
【答案】point/oint
【详解】句意:说话时用手指指着别人是不礼貌的。根据“at others with your fingers when having a talk”和首字母提示可知,说话时用手指指着别人是不礼貌的。point“指”,point at sb“指向某人”;It’s+形容词+to do sth“做某事是……的”,不定式符号to后跟动词原形。
30.Tom entered the classroom when the bell r________.
【答案】rang/ang
【详解】句意:铃响的时候,汤姆走进了教室。主句动词“entered”是一般过去时,when引导的时间状语从句时态要和主句保持一致,也用一般过去时。动词ring(铃响)的过去式为rang。
2、 单句语法填空:用所给单词的适当形式填空(本大题共50小题,每小题1分,共50分)
31.It was the news about the celebrity’s sudden death that ________ (shake) the whole nation.
【答案】shook
【详解】句意:正是这位名人突然去世的消息震动了全国。shake意为“震动;震惊”,是动词。句子描述过去的事件,应用一般过去时。shake的过去式为shook。
32.________ (since) everyone is here, let’s start our discussion about aliens.
【答案】Since
【详解】句意:既然所有人都到齐了,我们开始讨论关于外星人的话题吧。since此处作连词,意为“既然”,引导原因状语从句,放在句首,首字母大写。
33.He ________ (shake) his head to show that he didn’t agree with us.
【答案】shook
【详解】句意:他摇了摇头,表示不同意我们的看法。didn’t agree表明时态为一般过去时,主句动作也发生在过去,需用一般过去时,谓语动词用过去式shook。
34.The homework ________ (finish) just now.
【答案】was finished
【详解】句意:作业刚刚被完成。finish“完成”,为动词。句中“just now”表示“刚刚”,提示句子时态为一般过去时;且“homework”与“finish”之间为被动关系,即作业被完成,所以此处应用一般过去时的被动语态,结构为“was/were + 过去分词”,“homework”为不可数名词,be动词用was,finish的过去分词为finished。
35.Many old houses ________ (pull) down last year.
【答案】were pulled
【详解】句意:去年许多老房子被拆除了。主语Many old houses与pull down之间为被动关系,即“房子被拆除”。时间状语last year提示动作发生在过去,应用一般过去时的被动语态。主语为复数,故填were pulled。
36.We can choose from many ________ (type) of food on the space station.
【答案】types
【详解】句意:我们可以在空间站上选择多种食物。type“种类”,many修饰用可数名词复数形式types。
37.The ________ (disable) boy needs our help and care.
【答案】disabled
【详解】句意:这个残疾的男孩需要我们的帮助和关爱。空格处需要形容词修饰名词boy,disable是动词,意为“使残疾”,它的形容词形式是disabled,意为“残疾的”。
38.Pandas spend more than 12 hours a day ________ (eat).
【答案】eating
【详解】句意:大熊猫一天花12个多小时吃东西。句中“spend…a day”结构提示此处是固定搭配spend time (in) doing sth.花时间做某事,要求使用动词-ing形式。eat的动名词形式为eating。
39.We know a girl ________ (call) Mary.
【答案】called
【详解】句意:我们认识一个叫玛丽的女孩。此处需要过去分词作后置定语,修饰“girl”,表示“被叫做”,“call”的过去分词是“called”,符合语境,故填called。
40.She is ________ (concern) about the wild animals’ safety.
【答案】concerned
【详解】句意:她很担心野生动物的安全。be concerned about意为“担忧……;关心……”,是固定短语,be动词后需要填入形容词形式。concern的形容词形式为 concerned,故填concerned。
41.When I am down, my best friend always encourages me not ________ (lose) heart.
【答案】to lose
【详解】句意:当我情绪低落时,我最好的朋友总是鼓励我不要灰心。lose“失去”,lose heart“灰心”。encourage sb. not to do sth.“鼓励某人不要做某事”,所以这里应该用动词不定式形式。故填to lose。
42.They try ________ (control) the temperature inside the caves.
【答案】to control
【详解】句意:他们试图控制洞穴内的温度。try to do something表示“试图做某事”,control作动词,表示“控制”,此处应用它的不定式形式to control。故填to control。
43.We should stop factories from ________ (pollute) rivers and forests.
【答案】polluting
【详解】句意:我们应该阻止工厂污染河流和森林。句中“stop...from doing sth ”是固定搭配,表示“阻止……做某事”,介词from后面需要接动词的-ing形式,括号内的pollute要变为动名词形式polluting,故填polluting。
44.The ________ (appear) of the old craft exhibition surprised many young people. (动词变名词)
【答案】appearance
【详解】句意:那个古老工艺展览的出现令许多年轻人感到惊讶。appear“出现”,动词;此处作主语,需用名词形式appearance,表示“出现”。故填appearance。
45.They are all ________ (hero) in China. We should learn from them.
【答案】heroes
【详解】句意:他们都是中国的英雄。我们应该向他们学习。hero“英雄”,名词;主语They是复数,be动词是are,此处要用复数形式,hero的复数是heroes。故填heroes。
46.I spend an hour ________ (observe) the birds every morning.
【答案】observing
【详解】句意:我每天早上花一个小时观察鸟类。“observe”意为“观察”。“spend+时间/金钱+(in) doing sth.”是固定用法,表示“花费时间/金钱做某事”,其中“in”可以省略,后面要接动词的动名词形式。
47.The flood ________ (lead) to a big landslide last summer.
【答案】led
【详解】句意:去年夏天,这场洪水导致了一次大规模的山体滑坡。句中时间状语last summer(去年夏天)表明动作发生在过去,句子需用一般过去时;动词lead(导致)的过去式为led。
48.We should keep ________ (practice) every day.
【答案】practicing
【详解】句意:我们应该每天坚持练习。keep doing something“持续做某事、一直做某事”,固定搭配;因此,这里应用动名词形式practicing。故填practicing。
49.It’s ________ (peace) and quiet in the countryside.
【答案】peaceful
【详解】句意:乡下宁静又祥和。be动词is后需要形容词作表语;且空格后由and连接形容词quiet,并列成分词性要一致,因此要把名词peace变为对应的形容词peaceful,意为“安宁的”。
50.Many animals are ________ (danger) because of human activities.
【答案】endangered
【详解】句意:许多动物因人类活动而濒临灭绝。danger意为“危险”,是名词,此处用形容词作表语,根据“because of human activities”可知,此处用endangered符合语境,意为“濒危的”。
51.Penicillin ________ (discover) by Fleming in 1928.
【答案】was discovered
【详解】句意:青霉素是弗莱明于1928年发现的。主语Penicillin是动作discover的受动者,用被动语态;时间状语in 1928表示过去,主语为单数,故用“was +过去分词”,discover的过去分词是discovered。故填was discovered。
52.Students’ hobbies are _________ (influence) by their teachers and classmates at school.
【答案】influenced
【详解】句意:学生的爱好受学校里老师和同学的影响。主语“Students’ hobbies”与谓语动词“influence”之间为被动关系,句子描述客观事实,应用一般现在时的被动语态,结构为“are + 过去分词”。“influence”的过去分词为“influenced”。
53.The audience __________ (can) hear them, but they cannot see them.
【答案】can
【详解】句意:观众们能听到他们,但他们看不见他们。句中but连接两个并列的分句,前后时态需保持一致,后一分句cannot是一般现在时,前一分句也应用一般现在时。can是情态动词,无人称和数的变化,直接填写原形即可,故填can。
54.They ________ (hope) to do some gardening with the kids there.
【答案】hope
【详解】句意:他们希望在那里和孩子们一起做些园艺活。句子表示当前意愿,用一般现在时,主语“they”是复数,动词用原形,且hope to do固定搭配。故填hope。
55.The old building ________ (destroy) in the big fire last month.
【答案】was destroyed
【详解】句意:上个月的大火中,这栋老建筑被毁。主语The old building与谓语动词destroy是被动关系,即老建筑被破坏,时间状语last month提示用一般过去时,被动语态结构为was/were+过去分词;主语是单数,用was,destroy的过去分词是destroyed。
56.These old stories are ________ (value) to us.
【答案】valuable
【详解】句意:这些古老的故事对我们很有价值。此处需要用形容词作表语,名词value对应的形容词是valuable,表示“有价值的”。
57.The work ________ (finish) on time yesterday.
【答案】was finished
【详解】句意:这项工作昨天按时完成了。句中主语“The work”与动词finish为被动关系,且时间状语“yesterday”提示动作发生在过去,应用一般过去时的被动语态,其结构为“was/were+过去分词”。主语“The work”为单数,be动词用was,finish的过去分词为finished。
58.You should take your ________ (temperature) if you have a fever.
【答案】temperature
【详解】句意:如果你发烧了,你应该量你的体温。根据“if you have a fever”可知,此处符合量体温的语境,形容词性物主代词your后需要接名词,括号内给出的temperature本身就是名词,take one’s temperature是固定搭配,意为“量体温”,符合要求。故填temperature。
59.Many modern ________ (invent) like smartphones and computers have changed the way we learn and communicate.
【答案】inventions
【详解】句意:许多像智能手机和电脑这样的现代发明,已经改变了我们学习和交流的方式。空前为many modern后需要接复数名词,因此将动词invent变为名词形式invention(意为 “发明物”),再变为复数inventions,表示 “多项发明”,故填inventions。
60.Huang Gongwang ________ (know) as one of the Four Masters of the Yuan dynasty.
【答案】was known
【详解】句意:黄公望被誉为元朝四大家之一。句中主语“Huang Gongwang”与谓语动词“知道”之间为被动关系,应用被动语态,表示“被人们所知”。此处描述历史事实,用一般过去时的被动语态。一般过去时被动语态的结构为“was/were + 过去分词”,主语为第三人称单数,故填was known。
61.Still, it ________ (complain), “Nothing else matters in the world!”
【答案】complained
【详解】句意:然而,它还是抱怨道:“这个世界上,没有什么事情是比这更重要的了!”。根据提示可知,此处考查谓语动词的形式,根据语境可知,句子时态为一般过去时,complain“抱怨”的过去式为complained。
62.It’s ________ (amaze) that so many people join the activity.
【答案】amazing
【详解】句意:这么多人参加这个活动,真是令人惊叹。amaze“使惊奇”,此处需要形容词作表语,描述“这么多人参加活动”这件事的性质,amaze的形容词形式amazing表示“令人惊叹的”,故填amazing。
63.The painting ________ (give) to Huang’s friend upon completion.
【答案】was given
【详解】句意:这幅画一完成就被送给了黄公望的朋友。句子描述过去发生的事情,应用一般过去时,主语“The painting”与动词“give”之间是被动关系,句子应用一般过去时的被动语态,其结构为“was/were done”;主语是第三人称单数,助动词应用was。故填was given。
64.The ________ (own) of the painting is a famous collector.
【答案】owner
【详解】句意:这幅画的主人是一位著名的收藏家。句中需要一个表示“所有者”的名词作主语,“own”是动词,其对应的名词形式是“owner”,谓语“is”是单数,所以“owner”用单数即可。
65.The color TV _________ (buy) in that shop three days ago.
【答案】was bought
【详解】句意:这台彩电是三天前在那家商店买的。主语The color TV与buy之间是被动关系,且时间状语three days ago表示过去,因此用一般过去时的被动语态,结构为was/were + 过去分词;主语是单数,用was,buy的过去分词是bought,故填was bought。
66.I don’t know which dress _________ (choose).
【答案】to choose
【详解】句意:我不知道该选哪条裙子。在句子中,which dress后面需要用不定式来作宾语,相当于一个宾语从句which dress I should choose。 所以动词choose要变为to choose。
67.—It’s a pity! A music fan like you didn’t go to Nantong Music Festival.
—I knew it ________(hold) several weeks ago. But I was on business.
【答案】was held
【详解】句意:——真遗憾!像你这样的音乐迷竟然没去南通音乐节。——我知道它几周前就举行了,但我当时在出差。根据 “several weeks ago” 可知,动作发生在过去,应用一般过去时。主语 “it” 指代音乐节,与动词 “hold”(举办)之间为被动关系,故用被动语态。“hold” 的过去分词为 “held”,一般过去时被动语态结构为 “was/were + 过去分词”,主语为第三人称单数,be动词用was。
68.How about ________ (make) posters to call on more people to join the volunteer team?
【答案】making
【详解】句意:制作海报来号召更多人加入志愿者队伍怎么样?How about后接动词的动名词形式,make的动名词是making,故填making。
69.We are considering ________ the old car that we have had for ten years.(sell)
【答案】selling
【详解】句意:我们正在考虑卖掉那辆已经开了十年的旧车。consider doing something是固定搭配,意为“考虑做某事”,因此括号内的动词sell需变为动名词形式,应填selling。
70.They ________ (send) the animals back to nature last year.
【答案】sent
【详解】句意:他们去年把动物送回了大自然。send“送”,是动词,根据“last year”可知,此处用一般过去时,send的过去式是sent。故填sent。
71.The ________ (invent) of the Internet is very important.
【答案】invention
【详解】句意:互联网的发明非常重要。句中“The”和“of”之间需要用名词形式,invent的名词形式中,invention表示“发明”,inventor表示“发明家”;根据“of the Internet”可知此处指互联网这项发明。
72.The news made us ________ (worry).
【答案】worried
【详解】句意:这个消息使我们担心。worry“担心”,动词,make+宾语+形容词,表示“使某人……”,形容词表示一种状态。故填worried。
73.This international ________ (organize) helps protect endangered animals all over the world.
【答案】organization
【详解】句意:这个国际组织致力于保护世界各地的濒危动物。international为形容词,形容词后接名词,organize的名词形式为organization,谓语helps,说明主语为单数,直接填organization即可。
74.A Russian satellite and an American satellite ________ (crash) into each other on 11 February 2009.
【答案】crashed
【详解】句意:2009年2月11日,一颗俄罗斯卫星和一颗美国卫星发生了相撞。根据句子中时间状语“on 11 February 2009”及括号内提示词“crash”可知,句子需用一般过去时,描述过去发生的事实,crash的过去式为crashed。故填crashed。
75.You should give your ________ (opinion) about the book in your report.
【答案】opinion
【详解】句意:你应该在报告中对这本书发表看法。opinion“看法;意见”,此处指对本书的看法,用名词单数形式。
76.She said she ________ (donate) some books to the poor students twice before last term.
【答案】had donated
【详解】句意:她说在上学期之前,她已经两次向贫困学生捐赠书籍了。donate“捐赠”,动词;主句谓语动词“said”为一般过去时,从句动作“捐赠”发生在“上学期之前”,即“过去的过去”,应用过去完成时“had+过去分词”。故填had donated。
77.This film was ________ (damage) because of the fire.
【答案】damaged
【详解】句意:这部胶卷因为火灾受损了。主语This film与动词damage是被动关系,因此空处需用damage的过去分词damaged与was构成一般过去时的被动语态。
78.The ________ (science) made a new discovery.
【答案】scientist
【详解】句意:这位科学家有了新发现。句中“The”后需要接表示“人”的名词作主语,“science”是“科学”,对应的表示“科学家”的名词是“scientist”。故填scientist。
79.The ________ (travel) will take them one year.
【答案】travel
【详解】句意:这次旅行将花费他们一年的时间。travel“旅行”,此处为可数名词单数,指“一次旅行”,作主语。故填travel。
80.She ________ (reply) with a smile.
【答案】replied
【详解】句意:她微笑着回答。根据语境可知,此处描述的是过去发生的动作,需用一般过去时。reply“回答”,动词,其过去式为replied。故填replied。
3、 完成句子:根据汉语提示完成下列句子(本大题共20小题,每小题2分,共40分)
81.人类很难在火星上呼吸和生活。
It’s hard for humans ________ ________ and ________ on Mars.
【答案】 to breathe live
【详解】根据中英文对照可知,此处缺“呼吸和生活”,It’s hard for sb. to do sth.表示“对某人来说做某事是困难的”,所以第一个空需要填入不定式符号“to”,引出后面的真正主语。“and”连接了两个并列的动作“呼吸”和“生活”,在不定式结构中,第二个动词前的“to”可以省略,所以直接填入动词原形 。故填to;breathe;live。
82.每天都打扫教室。
The classroom ________ ________ every day.
【答案】 is cleaned
【详解】时间状语“every day”提示句子用一般现在时,主语“The classroom”和动词clean“打扫”是被动关系,因此用一般现在时的被动语态“am/is/are done”,主语是名词单数,be动词用is。故填is;cleaned。
83.最终, 小树努力长成了大树, 用自己茂密的树叶装饰了森林。
In the end, the small tree tried to become a big one and _________ the forest ________ its own lush leaves.
【答案】 decorated with
【详解】原句中“用……装饰”是关键词,在英文中可用固定搭配decorate sth. with sth.。and连接并列谓语,此处描述过去的事情用一般过去时,decorate的过去式是decorated。
84.他试图在一小时内做完所有作业,但结果是枉费心机。
He tried to finish all the homework in one hour, but it was _________ _________.
【答案】 in vain
【详解】根据中英文对照可知,空处缺少 “枉费心机”,对应的固定短语是in vain,意为 “徒劳地;白费力气地”,在此作表语。故填in vain。
85.攀登很艰难,但我们所有人都成功登顶了。
The climb was hard, but all of us ________ ________ to the top.
【答案】 made it
【详解】原句中“成功”是关键词,短语make it to +地点,意为“成功到达某地”,符合句中“成功登顶”的含义。前半句“The climb was hard”使用了一般过去时(was),根据时态一致原则,后半句也应使用一般过去时,故将make变为made。
86.这位画家的创作与自然完全融为一体。
The painter’s creation ________ ________ ________ ________ nature.
【答案】 is at one with
【详解】原句中“与……融为一体”是关键词,表示“与……融为一体”的短语是be at one with。本句描述的是一般性的状态,用一般现在时,主语The painter’s creation是单数,be动词用is。
87.你最好不要进入那个房间。
You ________ _________ _________ _______ the room.
【答案】 had better not enter
【详解】原句中“最好不要”和“进入”是关键词,表示“最好做某事”用had better do,否定形式为had better not do,后接动词原形。“进入”为英文enter,此处用动词原形。
88.录制一些有趣的声音到麦克风里。
________ some interesting ________ into the microphone.
【答案】 Record sounds
【详解】原句中“录制”和“声音”是关键词,表示“录制”的词语是record,本句为祈使句,需要用动词原形开头,且句首首字母大写,表示“声音”用sound,因为是一些声音,用复数形式。
89.交叉手指通常是人们祈求好运的一种方式。
Crossing one’s fingers is usually a way for people to wish for ________ ________.
【答案】 good luck
【详解】根据中英文对照可知,此处缺“好运”,good luck表示“好运”,符合语境。故填good;luck。
90.尽管她的身体因游泳而酸痛,她也没有放弃。
Although her body was __________ from swimming, she didn’t give up.
【答案】sore
【详解】原句中“酸痛”是关键词,表达“(身体部位)酸痛的”这一含义的形容词是sore。本句为一般过去时,be动词was后接形容词作表语,故填sore。
91.昨天下午这个时候,他们在做什么?
What ________ they ________ at this time yesterday afternoon?
【答案】 were doing
【详解】原句中“在做什么”是关键词,“做”对应英文“do”,由“at this time yesterday afternoon”可知,句子时态是过去进行时,其结构为“was/were+动词的现在分词”,主语“they”是复数,be动词用“were”,“do”的现在分词是“doing”,所以依次填入“were”和“doing”。
92.演讲前深呼吸可以帮助你放松。
_______ _______ before a presentation can help you relax.
【答案】 Breathing deeply
【详解】根据句意可知,此处表示“深呼吸”,用动名词短语“breathing deeply”作主语,表示一种行为或动作,且位于句首,首字母大写。故填Breathing;deeply。
93.为了避免人象冲突,志愿者在路边留下了玉米和水果。
To avoid human-elephant conflicts, volunteers left bags of corn and fruit ________ ________ ________.
【答案】 on the roadside
【详解】由汉语提示可知,此处缺少“在路边”on the roadside。故填on;the;roadside。
94.我们期待着您的回复。
We ________ ________ ________ your reply.
【答案】 look forward to
【详解】根据中英文提示可知,缺少“期待”,英文表达为look forward to,固定短语,结合句意,本句是一般现在时,主语是We,谓语动词应为动词原形,所以,此处应是look。故填look;forward;to。
95.我们还会帮他们整理课桌,让学习区域更整洁
We also help them ________ ________ their desks to make the study area neater.
【答案】 tidy up
【详解】根据中英文对照可知,此处缺少“整理”,tidy up意为“整理”。 help sb. (to) do sth.空处位于help them之后,需填动词原形。故填tidy;up。
96.李乐乐微笑着走向那位顾客。
Li Lele __________ __________ __________ the customer with a smile.
【答案】 walked over to
【详解】根据中英文对比可知,空格处应填入意为“走向……”的短语。walk over to为动词短语,意为“走向……”,根据语境可知,此处描述已经发生过的动作,故句子应用一般过去时,动词walk应用过去式。故填walked;over;to。
97.参观者沿着展厅前行,欣赏每一幅作品。
Visitors ________ ________ the exhibition hall and enjoy every painting.
【答案】 pass along
【详解】原句中“沿着……前行”是关键词,表示“沿着……前行”的短语是pass along。本句描述的是一般性的动作,用一般现在时,主语Visitors是复数,动词用原形。
98.他们通过使用不同的手势与彼此交流。
They ________ ________ each other by using different gestures.
【答案】 communicate with
【详解】原句中“与……交流”是关键词,动词communicate意为“交流”;固定搭配communicate with sb. 表示“与某人交流”,with引出对象each other;故填communicate;with。
99.当他听到这个坏消息时,愤怒地向对方挥舞拳头。
When he heard the bad news, he ________ his ________ angrily at the other person.
【答案】 shook fists
【详解】根据句意可知,此处表示“挥舞拳头”,英文表达是“shake one’s fists”,由“heard”可知句子时态是一般过去时,所以这里“shake”要用过去式“shook”,拳头的英文表达是“fist”此处应当使用复数形式,即“fists”。故填shook;fists。
100.我们应该阻止人们砍伐树木。
We should ________ people ________ cutting down trees.
【答案】 stop/prevent from
【详解】原句中的“阻止某人做某事”是关键词,表达“阻止某人做某事”的短语是“stop/prevent sb. from doing sth.”,should意为“应该”,是情态动词,其后加动词原形。故填stop/prevent;from。
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期末考之重点单词、短语、语法、句型综合练习(新教材沪教版)
八年级下册(Units 1-8) 考前复习之易错难点全掌握
班级 姓名 学号 分数
(时间:60分钟,满分:120分)
1、 填空题:根据语句及首字母提示填写单词 (本大题共30小题,每小题1分,共30分)
1.She wants to be a v___________ to help the disabled people.
2.The weather was very p___________, so there were lots of people at our charity event.
3.I often do calligraphy to r___________ in my free time.
4.The main reason to build the Great Wall was to p___________ China.
5.Many students like to do v___________ work to help the old and disabled.
6.Many people s___________ from stress in their daily life.
7.My mother often c___________ me up when I am sad.
8.When walking on the streets, we need to pay a___________ to the traffic around.
9.The new employee was keen to make a good i___________ on his boss.
10.Our PE teacher says that doing sports b___________ us a lot.
11.After years of t___________, he finally became a skilled violinist.
12.Window cleaning is not always c___________ a good job, but I’ll never regret it.
13.When you feel nervous, just take a deep b___________ and calm down.
14.We can see many lovely a___________ in the cartoon.
15.The shadow puppets are made of l___________ because it can last for a long time.
16.U___________, the artist’s final work was lost during the transportation.
17.This painting is a real m___________ by a great artist.
18.We have s___________ bedrooms, so we have enough personal space.
19.You can come to my office w___________ you need help with your lessons.
20.She felt very tired and t___________ herself into the sofa as soon as she got home.
21.It’s n___________ for us to take some exercise after school.
22.No one can f___________ us to do things we don’t really like.
23.It’s important to c___________ your emotions, especially when you feel very angry or upset.
24.Our teacher is very pleased to see the big p___________ we have made this term.
25.Li Bai is a famous Chinese p_____________ who wrote many beautiful poems.
26.We can p___________ cultural exchange by learning foreign languages.
27.My brother likes m___________ and can play the piano well.
28.Helping people in need can bring us much p___________.
29.It’s impolite to p___________ at others with your fingers when having a talk.
30.Tom entered the classroom when the bell r___________.
2、 单句语法填空:用所给单词的适当形式填空(本大题共50小题,每小题1分,共50分)
31.It was the news about the celebrity’s sudden death that ___________ (shake) the whole nation.
32.___________ (since) everyone is here, let’s start our discussion about aliens.
33.He ___________ (shake) his head to show that he didn’t agree with us.
34.The homework ___________ (finish) just now.
35.Many old houses ___________ (pull) down last year.
36.We can choose from many ___________ (type) of food on the space station.
37.The ___________ (disable) boy needs our help and care.
38.Pandas spend more than 12 hours a day ___________ (eat).
39.We know a girl ___________ (call) Mary.
40.She is ___________ (concern) about the wild animals’ safety.
41.When I am down, my best friend always encourages me not ___________ (lose) heart.
42.They try ___________ (control) the temperature inside the caves.
43.We should stop factories from ___________ (pollute) rivers and forests.
44.The ___________ (appear) of the old craft exhibition surprised many young people.
45.They are all ___________ (hero) in China. We should learn from them.
46.I spend an hour ___________ (observe) the birds every morning.
47.The flood ___________ (lead) to a big landslide last summer.
48.We should keep ___________ (practice) every day.
49.It’s ___________ (peace) and quiet in the countryside.
50.Many animals are ___________ (danger) because of human activities.
51.Penicillin ___________ (discover) by Fleming in 1928.
52.Students’ hobbies are ____________ (influence) by their teachers and classmates at school.
53.The audience _____________ (can) hear them, but they cannot see them.
54.They ___________ (hope) to do some gardening with the kids there.
55.The old building ___________ (destroy) in the big fire last month.
56.These old stories are ___________ (value) to us.
57.The work ___________ (finish) on time yesterday.
58.You should take your ___________ (temperature) if you have a fever.
59.Many modern ___________ (invent) like smartphones and computers have changed the way we learn and communicate.
60.Huang Gongwang ___________ (know) as one of the Four Masters of the Yuan dynasty.
61.Still, it ___________ (complain), “Nothing else matters in the world!”
62.It’s ___________ (amaze) that so many people join the activity.
63.The painting ___________ (give) to Huang’s friend upon completion.
64.The ___________ (own) of the painting is a famous collector.
65.The color TV ____________ (buy) in that shop three days ago.
66.I don’t know which dress ____________ (choose).
67.—It’s a pity! A music fan like you didn’t go to Nantong Music Festival.
—I knew it ___________(hold) several weeks ago. But I was on business.
68.How about ___________ (make) posters to call on more people to join the volunteer team?
69.We are considering ___________ the old car that we have had for ten years.(sell)
70.They ___________ (send) the animals back to nature last year.
71.The ___________ (invent) of the Internet is very important.
72.The news made us ___________ (worry).
73.This international ___________ (organize) helps protect endangered animals all over the world.
74.A Russian satellite and an American satellite ___________ (crash) into each other on 11 February 2009.
75.You should give your ___________ (opinion) about the book in your report.
76.She said she ___________ (donate) some books to the poor students twice before last term.
77.This film was ___________ (damage) because of the fire.
78.The ___________ (science) made a new discovery.
79.The ___________ (travel) will take them one year.
80.She ___________ (reply) with a smile.
3、 完成句子:根据汉语提示完成下列句子(本大题共20小题,每小题2分,共40分)
81.人类很难在火星上呼吸和生活。
It’s hard for humans ___________ ___________ and ___________ on Mars.
82.每天都打扫教室。
The classroom ___________ ___________ every day.
83.最终, 小树努力长成了大树, 用自己茂密的树叶装饰了森林。
In the end, the small tree tried to become a big one and ____________ the forest ___________ its own lush leaves.
84.他试图在一小时内做完所有作业,但结果是枉费心机。
He tried to finish all the homework in one hour, but it was ____________ ____________.
85.攀登很艰难,但我们所有人都成功登顶了。
The climb was hard, but all of us ___________ ___________ to the top.
86.这位画家的创作与自然完全融为一体。
The painter’s creation ___________ ___________ ___________ ___________ nature.
87.你最好不要进入那个房间。
You ___________ ____________ ____________ __________ the room.
88.录制一些有趣的声音到麦克风里。
___________ some interesting ___________ into the microphone.
89.交叉手指通常是人们祈求好运的一种方式。
Crossing one’s fingers is usually a way for people to wish for ___________ ___________.
90.尽管她的身体因游泳而酸痛,她也没有放弃。
Although her body was _____________ from swimming, she didn’t give up.
91.昨天下午这个时候,他们在做什么?
What ___________ they ___________ at this time yesterday afternoon?
92.演讲前深呼吸可以帮助你放松。
__________ __________ before a presentation can help you relax.
93.为了避免人象冲突,志愿者在路边留下了玉米和水果。
To avoid human-elephant conflicts, volunteers left bags of corn and fruit ___________ ___________ ___________.
94.我们期待着您的回复。
We ___________ ___________ ___________ your reply.
95.我们还会帮他们整理课桌,让学习区域更整洁
We also help them ___________ ___________ their desks to make the study area neater.
96.李乐乐微笑着走向那位顾客。
Li Lele _____________ _____________ _____________ the customer with a smile.
97.参观者沿着展厅前行,欣赏每一幅作品。
Visitors ___________ ___________ the exhibition hall and enjoy every painting.
98.他们通过使用不同的手势与彼此交流。
They ___________ ___________ each other by using different gestures.
99.当他听到这个坏消息时,愤怒地向对方挥舞拳头。
When he heard the bad news, he ___________ his ___________ angrily at the other person.
100.我们应该阻止人们砍伐树木。
We should ___________ people ___________ cutting down trees.
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