专题08 语法填空（期末真题汇编，广东专用）八年级英语下学期

**基本信息** 本试卷为初中英语语法填空专题汇编，精选深圳多区八年级下期末真题，涵盖中华文化（如口弦琴、宣纸）、环境保护（如塞罕坝治沙）、哲理感悟（如快乐国王故事）等主题，素材真实且贴近学生生活。 **题型特征** |题型|题量/分值|知识覆盖|命题特色| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |语法填空|多篇短文，每篇10空|动词时态语态（如is made）、名词单复数（如centimetres）、形容词比较级（如louder）、介词（如from）等|以真实文化情境（如彝族口弦琴传承）和社会热点（如青少年街舞融合醉拳）为载体，设题梯度分明，基础题（如序数词thirteenth）与语境题（如上下文代词its）结合，适配期末综合能力考查需求。|

命学科网 www.zxxk.com 让教与学更高效 专题08语法填空 基础 必练 主题01人与社会 中华文化 Passage 1 1.thirteenth 2.is made 3.centimetres 4.although/though 5.widely 6.A 7. from 8.louder 9.to teach 10.has organized Passage 2 11.players 12.but 13.the 14.was held 15.their 16.surprised 17. finally 18.on 19.mixed 20.to know Passage 3 21.its 22.takes 23.for 24.a 25.Although/Though 26.was passed 27. fewer 28.alive 29. museums 30.to make Passage 4 31.the 32.is known 33.to sew 34.its 35.the earliest 36.widely 37. creation 38.giving 39.like 40.has developed 主题02人与自然一 环境保护 Passage 1 命学科网 www.zxxk.com 让教与学更高效 1.hundreds 2.slowly 3.the 4.found 5.them 6.as 7.but 8.to bring 9.is seen 10.fewer Passage 2 11.from 12.the 13.cheerfully 14.herself 15.care 16.but 17. environmental 18.to grow 19.am waiting 20.humans Passage 3 21.people's 22.But 23.dying 24.pollution 25.for 26.endangered 27. homes 28.freely 29.are not allowed/aren't allowed 30.f 主题03人与自我 哲理感悟 Passage 1 1.peaceful 2.eating 3.worried 4.was called 5.with 6.Losing 7. of 8.to go 9.happily 10.and Passage 2 11.was taught 12.to perform 13.in14.a 15.biggest 16.suddenly 17. surfers 18.winning 19.but 20.cheered Passage3 21.However 22.handed 23.was helped 24.looking 25.the 26.to enjoy 27. meals 28.earlier 29.for 30.first Passage 4 命学科网 www.zxxk.com 让教与学更高效 31.being 32.my 33.to find 34.a 35.is described 36.friends 37. However 38.by 39.thinner 40.what 进阶 提升 主题01人与社会—科普知识 Passage 1 1.hands 2.how 3.to 4.jumps 5.recognizing 6.better 7.differences 8.is used 9.the 10.smelling Passage 2 11.impressive 12.are included 13.a 14.gave 15.your 16.in 17. deeply 18.topics 19.However 20.to feel Passage 3 21.the least 22.or 23.probably 24.did 25.with 26.what 27.to eat 28.who 29.person's 30.ways 主题02人与社会 中华文化 Passage 1 1.an 2.including 3.caught 4.to 5.until 6.himself 7.easily 8 to study 9.descriptions 10.made 命学科网 www.zxxk.com 让教与学更高效 Passage 2 11.because 12.the 13.more widely 14.countries 15.were cheering/cheered 16 making 17.to finish 18.are needed 19.patient 20.their Passage 3 21.sixth/6th 22.its 23.shows 24.an 25.the best 26.cultural 27.for 28.to rain 29.has become 30.Nations Passage 4 31.members 32.are mentioned 33.why 34.easily 35.Because 36.their 37. to 38.offering 39.a 40.stopped 主题03人与自然—动物与植物 Passage 1 1.has revealed 2.chemicals 3.producing 4.more effectively 5.to prove themselves 7.first 8.An 9.through 10.If/When Passage 2 11.the cleanest 12.om 13.However 14.carrying 15.to join 16.laid 17. gradually 18.sadness 19.an 20.me Passage 3 21.living/in living 22.hotter 23.s0 24.quickly 25.where 26.To catch 27. but 28.For 29.death 30.have started 命学科网 www.zxxk.com 让教与学更高效 Passage 4 31.largest 32.to save 33.a 34.them 35.is known 36.especially 37. and 38.volunteers 39.in 40.have died 专题08 语法填空 主题01 人与社会——中华文化 Passage 1 （24-25八年级下·广东省深圳市宝安区西乡中学·期末） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The jaw harp, or kouxian in Chinese, is one of the world’s oldest musical instruments (乐器). It is believed that the jaw harps were introduced to eastern Europe near the end of the 1 (thirteen) century. This instrument 2 (make) of either metal or bamboo. Each one is 8 to 9 3 (centimetre) long and 1 centimetre wide. It can produce amazing sounds of nature like birds singing and water running 4 the instrument is small and simple. Kouxian is now 5 (wide) played by musicians across the world. 6 larger number of young people are using this instrument to play pop music today. Ma Guoguo is an ethnic Yi (彝族) woman. Her grandmother was a skilled kouxian player and she learned the skill 7 her grandma. Ma’s kouxian style is faster and 8 (loud) than traditional performances, producing more powerful echoes (回声). Ma received a prize in an international jaw harp competition in Russia. She often offers online kouxian lessons 9 (teach) worldwide learners this traditional instrument. So far, the Chinese National Museum of Ethnology (CNME) 10 (organize) several activities to show the culture of kouxian worldwide. The jaw harp is a fun and great instrument. It connects people across time and cultures. Why not give it a try? You might discover a new favorite instrument! 【答案】 1．thirteenth 2．is made 3．centimetres 4．although/though 5．widely 6．A 7．from 8．louder 9．to teach 10．has organized 【导语】本文主要讲了口弦琴的历史、制作材料、尺寸、特点、流行情况，以及马果果的相关事迹和中国民族博物馆的推广活动，指出其连接不同时代和文化的作用。 1．句意：人们认为，口弦琴是在13世纪末传入东欧的。“century”前需用序数词表示“第……世纪”，“thirteen”是基数词，其序数词形式为“thirteenth”，“the thirteenth century”即“13世纪”，符合语境。故填thirteenth。 2．句意：这种乐器由金属或竹子制成。“be made of”是固定短语，意为“由……制成”，且主语“This instrument”与“make”之间是被动关系，句子描述的是客观事实，用一般现在时，主语为第三人称单数，因此be动词用“is”。故填is made。 3．句意：每个口弦琴长8到9厘米，宽1厘米。“centimetre”是可数名词，前面有“8 to 9”修饰，需用复数形式“centimetres”。故填centimetres。 4．句意：尽管这种乐器又小又简单，但它能发出令人惊叹的自然之声，比如鸟叫和流水声。根据“ It can produce amazing sounds of nature like birds singing and water running ... the instrument is small and simple.”可知，前半句讲乐器能发出美妙声音，后半句说它小而简单，前后是转折关系，“although”和“though”均意为“尽管，虽然”，符合语境。故填although/though。 5．句意：现在，口弦琴被世界各地的音乐家广泛演奏。“played”是动词，需用副词修饰，“wide”是形容词，其副词形式为“widely”，意为“广泛地”，符合语境。故填widely。 6．句意：如今，大量的年轻人正用这种乐器演奏流行音乐。“a large number of”是固定短语，意为“大量的，许多的”，修饰可数名词复数“young people”，句首单词首字母需大写。故填A。 7．句意：她的祖母是一位技艺精湛的口弦琴演奏者，她从祖母那里学到了这项技能。“learn...from...”是固定短语，意为“从……学到……”，此处表示从祖母那里学技能，符合语境。故填from。 8．句意：马的口弦琴风格比传统表演更快、更响亮，能产生更有力的回声。根据“than”可知，此处需用形容词的比较级形式，“loud”的比较级是“louder”，与“faster”并列，符合语境。故填louder。 9．句意：她经常提供在线口弦琴课程，来教世界各地的学习者这种传统乐器。根据“She often offers online kouxian lessons ... worldwide learners this traditional instrument.”可知，此处“提供课程”的目的是“教学习者”，需用动词不定式“to teach”作目的状语，符合语境。故填to teach。 10．句意：到目前为止，中国民族博物馆已经组织了几次活动，在世界各地展示口弦琴文化。根据“So far”可知，句子是现在完成时，其结构为“have/has + 过去分词”，主语是第三人称单数，“organize”的过去分词是“organized”，因此用“has organized”。故填has organized。 Passage 2 （24-25八年级下·广东深圳市龙岗区百合外国语学校期末）  阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 In 2025, two young teenagers from China made history at the World Street Dance in Paris. As the only teenage pair, they beat many adult 11 (player) and reached the semi-finals (半决赛). They had difficulty living in a foreign country, 12 they never gave up. In the end, they set China’s best record in this top street dance event. This achievement marks 13 best result for a Chinese team in the competition. The first competition 14 (hold) in 2002 and it remained popular. The boys stood out and amazed the world with a special “kung fu” show. The teenagers designed 15 (they) style of street dance and it turned out to be a big success. Everyone was 16 (surprise) because they put Drunken Fist (醉拳) and Shaolin moves into the dance. They played against other famous dancers and 17 (final) won the match. The teenagers made a good impression 18 the audience because they had courage on the stage. People called them “China’s strongest young dancers.” They greatly 19 (mix) traditional culture with street dance. This allowed more people 20 (know) about Chinese culture. Actually, they hoped that their story could inspire more teens to follow their dreams. 【答案】 11．players 12．but 13．the 14．was held 15．their 16．surprised 17．finally 18．on 19．mixed 20．to know 【导语】本文主要讲述了2025年中国两位青少年街舞选手在巴黎世界街舞大赛中，作为唯一的青少年组合击败众多成年选手，闯入半决赛并创下中国在该赛事中的最佳纪录的故事。他们将中国传统武术融入街舞，既展现了勇气与创新，也让更多人了解中国文化，其事迹旨在激励更多青少年追逐梦想。 11．句意：作为唯一的青少年组合，他们击败了许多成年选手，闯入了半决赛。many后接可数名词的复数形式，因此应用player“选手”的复数players。故填players。 12．句意：他们在国外生活有困难，但从未放弃。分析句子结构可知，“They had difficulty living in a foreign country”与“they never gave up”是转折关系，应用but“但是”连接句子。故填but。 13．句意：这一成绩标志着中国团队在该赛事中的最佳结果。空后best是形容词最高级，前面需加定冠词the。故填the。 14．句意：首届比赛于2002年举行，此后一直广受欢迎。主语“The first competition”与动词hold“举办”是被动关系，应用被动语态；又由“in 2002”可知，句子时态应用一般过去时，因此用一般过去时的被动语态，其结构为was/were done；主语为单数，be动词用was，动词hold的过去分词为held。故填was held。 15．句意：这两位青少年设计了他们自己的街舞风格，结果大获成功。分析句子结构可知，此处应用人称代词主格they的形容词性物主代词their“他们的”，在句中作定语，修饰名词“style”。故填their。 16．句意：所有人都很惊讶，因为他们把醉拳和少林动作融入了舞蹈中。主语“Everyone”指人，用形容词surprised“感到惊讶的”修饰，作表语。故填surprised。 17．句意：他们与其他知名舞者同台竞技，最终赢得了比赛。分析句子结构可知，此处应用final的副词形式finally“最终”，在句中作状语，修饰动词“won”。故填finally。 18．句意：这两位青少年给观众留下了好印象，因为他们在舞台上充满勇气。make a good impression on sb.“给某人留下好印象”，动词短语。故填on。 19．句意：他们将传统文化与街舞巧妙地融合在一起。句子时态为一般过去时，因此谓语动词应用过去式mixed。故填mixed。 20．句意：这让更多人了解了中国文化。allow sb. to do sth.“允许某人做某事”，固定搭配。故填to know。 Passage 3 （24-25八年级下·广东广东省深圳市福田区侨香实验·期末） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Every morning, Zhou Donghong arrives at his workshop by the river in Jingxian, Anhui Province. His hands are rough from many years of work. He gently touches the clear water to feel 21 (it) temperature. Here, he makes Xuan paper, a kind of traditional paper with a history of over 1, 000 years. Making Xuan paper 22 (take) a lot of work. First, Zhou puts together bark from trees and rice straw (树皮和秸秆). He leaves them in the river water 23 three months. Then, the pulp (纸浆) is poured onto bamboo frames and dried in the sun. The whole process has 108 steps. Even 24 small mistake can waste weeks of work. 25 Xuan paper is very thin, it can be kept well even after a thousand years. In the past, the craft of making Xuan paper 26 (pass) down from generation (一代人) to generation. But today, 27 (few) young people want to learn it. Zhou doesn’t give up. He often invites students to try the traditional craft. “I hope young people will keep this tradition 28 (live),” he said. Zhou’s paper is used to repair old paintings in 29 (museum). It is also given as a gift to important leaders around the world. Every day, Zhou works hard 30 (make) Xuan paper, just like his father and grandfather did before. For him, Xuan paper connects the past with the future. 【答案】 21．its 22．takes 23．for 24．a 25．Although/Though 26．was passed 27．fewer 28．alive 29．museums 30．to make 【导语】本文主要讲述了安徽泾县周东红制作宣纸的过程、宣纸的特点、传承现状及意义，他如父辈般努力制作宣纸，希望年轻人延续这一传统。 21．句意：他轻轻触摸清澈的水，感受它的温度。根据“temperature”可知，空处需填形容词性物主代词修饰该名词。“it”的形容词性物主代词为“its”。故填its。 22．句意：制作宣纸需要大量的工作。根据“Making Xuan paper ... a lot of work. ”可知，该句主语为“Making Xuan paper”，属于动名词短语作主语，视为第三人称单数，谓语动词需用第三人称单数形式。故填takes。 23．句意：他把它们放在河水里放三个月。根据“three months”可知，空处需填介词表示动作持续的时间。“for + 时间段”可表示“持续……时间”，符合语境。故填for。 24．句意：即使一个小错误也可能浪费数周的工作。根据“small mistake”可知，空处需填不定冠词表示“一个”。“small”是以辅音音素开头的单词。故填a。 25．句意：虽然宣纸很薄，但即使一千年后也能保存得很好。根据“Xuan paper is very thin, it can be kept well even after a thousand years.”可知，“宣纸很薄”与“能保存很久”之间为转折关系，空处需填表示“虽然，尽管”的连词。“Although/Though”均可引导让步状语从句。故填Although/Though。 26．句意：过去，制作宣纸的工艺代代相传。根据“In the past”可知，该句时态为一般过去时。主语“the craft of making Xuan paper”与谓语动词“pass down”之间为被动关系，需用被动语态，即“be + 过去分词”。“craft”为单数，be动词用“was”；“pass”的过去分词为“passed”，故填was passed。 27．句意：但如今，更少的年轻人想学习它。根据“But today”可知，此处是将现在与过去的情况进行对比，强调现在想学习这门工艺的年轻人数量比过去少。故填fewer。 28．句意：“我希望年轻人能让这个传统延续下去。”他说。根据“keep this tradition”可知，空处需填形容词作宾语补足语，表达“延续的，活着的”含义。“live”的形容词形式为“alive”，“keep...alive”意为“使……延续下去”。故填alive。 29．句意：周的纸被用来修复博物馆里的古画。“museum”为可数名词，空前无定冠词或物主代词修饰，且结合语境可知，此处并非指单一博物馆，需用复数形式表示泛指。“museum”的复数形式为“museums”，符合语境。故填museums。 30．句意：每天，周都努力制作宣纸，就像他的父亲和祖父以前做的那样。根据“Every day, Zhou works hard ... Xuan paper”可知，空处需填动词不定式作目的状语，表达“努力工作”的目的是“制作宣纸”。“make”的不定式形式为“to make”，符合语境。故填to make。 Passage 4 （24-25八年级下·广东省深圳高级中学初中部·期末） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Embroidery (刺绣) is created by any of the cultures located in the area that makes up modern China. Chinese embroidery is an art that dates all 31 way back to the Han dynasty between 206BC and 220AD．It 32 (know) as silk embroidery, too. China was the first country 33 (sew) silk. In 34 (it) oldest form, Xianqian technique involved weaving the silk thread onto the silk fabric (绸缎). In 1958, a piece of silk embroidered with a dragon and phoenix was discovered in a Chinese tomb from the Warring States Period (475–221BC), which showcased exceptional craftsmanship. At over 2,000 years old, it represents one of 35 (early) recorded examples of Chinese embroidery. More than 2,000 years old, it is the piece of Chinese embroidery ever unearthed. In the Tang and Song dynasties, embroidery was 36 (wide) used, growing more exquisite in technique and richer in color. It played a key role in the 37 (create) of paintings, calligraphy, and decorative art. In the Ming and Qing dynasties, both palace and folk embroidery experienced significant development, 38 (give) rise to the “Five Great Embroideries”. Nowadays, embroidered patterns have been used on daily items 39 quilt covers, pillowcases, and shoe uppers. Throughout history, with the development of human civilization, this unconscious thread 40 (develop) gradually into the embroidery that people need. 【答案】 31．the 32．is known 33．to sew 34．its 35．the earliest 36．widely 37．creation 38．giving 39．like 40．has developed 【导语】本文主要介绍了中国刺绣。 31．句意：中国刺绣是一门艺术，可以一直追溯到公元前206年至公元220年的汉代。“dates all the way back” 是固定搭配，意为“一直追溯到”。这里指刺绣艺术可追溯到汉朝，故填the。 32．句意：它也被称作丝绣。主语“It”与动词“know”是被动关系，需用被动语态“be+过去分词”。句子描述客观事实，用一般现在时，be动词填is，动词填过去分词。故填is known。 33．句意：中国是第一个缝制丝绸的国家。名词前有序数词“the first”修饰时，需用不定式作后置定语，表示“第一个做某事的”，故填to sew。 34．句意：在其最古老的形式中，线嵌技法涉及将丝线编织到丝绸织物上。设空处修饰名词“oldest form”，需用形容词性物主代词its“它的”，故填its。 35．句意：它代表了最早记录的中国刺绣实例之一。“one of+the+形容词最高级+复数名词”是固定结构，表示“最……之一”，因此填最高级。故填the earliest。 36．句意：在唐宋时期，刺绣被广泛使用，技术越来越精湛，色彩也越来越丰富。设空处修饰动词“used”，需用副词widely“广泛地”，故填widely。 37．句意：它在绘画、书法和装饰艺术的创作中发挥了关键作用。句子指“在绘画、书法和装饰艺术的创作中”，且设空处前有定冠词“the”，需用名词creation，故填creation。 38．句意：明清时期，宫廷刺绣和民间刺绣都有了长足的发展，形成了“五大绣”。需用现在分词短语作状语，表示“导致”。现在分词“giving”与“rise to”搭配，意为“导致了……的兴起”。故填giving。 39．句意：如今，刺绣图案已被用于被套、枕套和鞋面等日常用品上。设空处列举日常物品，需用介词like“例如”，故填like。 40．句意：这种无意识的线逐渐发展成了人们需要的刺绣。设空处需用现在完成时“has/have+过去分词”，表示动作从过去持续到现在，主语为“this unconscious thread”，助动词填has，动词填过去分词。故填has developed。 主题02 人与自然——环境保护 Passage 1 （24-25八年级下·广东省深圳市南山区育才三中·期末） 阅读下面短文，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空，。 Many years ago, Saihanba was a beautiful forest in the north of Hebei. It is about 400 kilometers from Beijing. For 1 (hundred) of years, the emperors liked to go there to hunt. However, in the 1800s, everything started to change. Wars, forest fires, and deforestation 2 (slow) turned the green forest into a desert. Without 3 forest, strong sandstorms often hit the Beijing area. In the early 1960s, a group of scientists looked for a way to stop the sand. In the middle of the desert, they 4 (find) an old tree still standing. “Maybe we can grow trees here again,” they thought. In 1962, the first group of tree planters arrived. Life was very hard for 5 (they). In winter, it was as cold 6 -40°C． Strong winds blew away the young trees, 7 these planters didn’t give up. For over 60 years, three generations (代) of forest workers have worked hard 8 (bring) back the forest. Today, Saihanba is green again and it 9 (see) as one of the most important national nature reserves (自然保护区) in China. Thanks to these brave workers, there are 10 (few) sandstorms than before. Saihanba is no longer a desert—it is a great example of how people can change the world through hard work. 【答案】 1．hundreds 2．slowly 3．the 4．found 5．them 6．as 7．but 8．to bring 9．is seen 10．fewer 【导语】本文主要讲述了塞罕坝从美丽的森林变成沙漠，再通过几代人的努力重新恢复成森林的故事。 1．句意：几百年来，皇帝们喜欢去那里打猎。hundreds of“几百”，固定短语。故填hundreds。 2．句意：战争、森林火灾和滥砍滥伐慢慢地将绿色的森林变成了一片荒漠。空处修饰动词turned，用副词形式。故填slowly。 3．句意：没有了森林，强烈的沙尘暴常常侵袭北京地区。此处特指前文提及的塞罕坝这片森林，用定冠词the。故填the。 4．句意：在沙漠中央，他们发现了一棵依然挺立的老树。此处描述过去的事情，用一般过去时，动词用过去式found“发现”。故填found。 5．句意：生活对他们来说非常艰难。for是介词，后跟宾格代词。故填them。 6．句意：在冬季，气温低至零下40摄氏度。此处是as ... as ...结构，表示“和……一样……”。故填as。 7．句意：强风将小树吹走，但这些种植者没有放弃。空前后句是转折关系，用but连接。故填but。 8．句意：60多年来，三代林业工作者努力工作以恢复这片森林。此处是表示目的，用不定式作目的状语。故填to bring。 9．句意：如今，塞罕坝再次变绿，被视为中国最重要的国家级自然保护区之一。主语it与see之间是动宾关系，且时态是一般现在时，故用一般现在时的被动语态is seen。故填is seen。 10．句意：多亏这些勇敢的工作者，沙尘暴比以前更少了。根据“than before”可知，此处用比较级形式。故填fewer。 Passage 2 （24-25八年级下·广东广东省深圳市罗湖文德学校·期末） 阅读下面短文，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中的词语的正确形式填空。 I’m a sunflower. I come 11 a big field full of colorful flowers and green grass. Every day, I stand tall, facing 12 bright sun. One day, a young girl saw me and ran towards me 13 (cheerful). She gently touched my yellow petal (花瓣). “What a beautiful flower!” she said to 14 (she). This simple act of being admired filled my “heart” with joy. Farmers take good 15 (careful) of us. They often water us and make sure we have enough nutrients (营养物) from the soil. Sometimes, the weather becomes extremely hot, 16 they still come to look after us without hesitation. In return, we provide them with seeds. People can eat these seeds as a tasty snack or make oil from them. However, people are cutting down too many trees and it causes a lot of 17 (environment) problems. It makes me sad because it’s getting harder for me and my friends 18 (grow) well. Now, I 19 (wait) for people to realize the importance of protecting nature. We sunflowers are doing our part and 20 (human) should also protect nature so that we can all live in a more wonderful world. 【答案】 11．from 12．the 13．cheerfully 14．herself 15．care 16．but 17．environmental 18．to grow 19．am waiting 20．humans 【导语】本文以第一人称的视角，讲述了一朵向日葵的经历，包括它生长的环境、被小女孩欣赏、农民对它的照料，还提及人类砍伐树木引发环境问题影响其生长，最后呼吁人类重视保护自然，让万物共生于更美好的世界。 【详解】11．句意：我来自一片满是五颜六色花朵和绿草的大田地。根据“a big field full of...”可知，讲述向日葵的来源，考查动词短语come from“来自”，故填from。 12．句意：每天，我高高站立，面向明亮的太阳。sun“太阳”是世界上独一无二的事物，前面用定冠词the，故填the。 13．句意：一天，一个小女孩看到我，欢快地朝我跑来。修饰动词ran要用副词，cheerful“欢快的”是形容词，其副词形式cheerfully“欢快地”。故填cheerfully。 14．句意：“多美的花啊！”她对自己说。主语和宾语是同一对象，用反身代词，she的反身代词是herself，故填herself。 15．句意：农民们精心照料我们。考查固定短语take care of“照料”，careful的名词形式care“关心”符合语境。故填care。 16．句意：有时，天气变得极其炎热，但他们仍然毫不犹豫地来照料我们。前面说天气炎热，后面说仍来照料，是转折关系，用连词but“但是”。故填but。 17．句意：然而，人们砍伐太多树木，这引发了很多环境问题。修饰名词problems要用形容词，environment的形容词形式为environmental“环境的”。故填environmental。 18．句意：这让我难过，因为对我和我的朋友们来说，茁壮成长变得更难了。考查固定句型：it’s+形容词+for sb. to do sth.“对某人来说做某事是……的”，it作形式主语，动词不定式作真正主语。故填to grow。 19．句意：现在，我正在等待人们意识到保护自然的重要性。根据“Now”可知用现在进行时，其结构“am/is/are+现在分词”，主语I，be动词用am，wait的现在分词waiting。故填am waiting。 20．句意：我们向日葵正在尽自己的一份力，人类也应该保护自然，这样我们都能生活在一个更美好的世界里。这里指“人类”，常用复数形式“humans”。故填humans。 Passage 3 （24-25八年级下·广东省深圳市南山区前海学校·期末） 阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或用括号中词语的正确形式填空。 Animals are 21 (people) friends. 22 many wild animals are facing the danger of 23 (die) out. There’re many reasons. First, their living environment change a lot because of the development of many cities. Also, 24 (pollute) becomes worse and this makes wild animals lose their homes. Second, some people are killing animals 25 getting their fur, skin, teeth and meat. People should do something to help protect 26 (endanger) wild animals. For example, people can build some nature reserves to save wild animals’ 27 (home). Animals can live 28 (free) there. Besides, people 29 (not allow) to kill wild animals. 30 we start protecting our animal friends, our world will become much better. 【答案】 21．people’s 22．But 23．dying 24．pollution 25．for 26．endangered 27．homes 28．freely 29．are not allowed/aren’t allowed 30．If 【导语】本文主要讲述了动物是人类的朋友，我们应该采取措施保护他们。 21．句意：动物是人类的朋友。根据friends可知，空前应该是动物是人们的朋友， people“人们”，此处名词所有格，people’s friends“人类的朋友们”，故填people’s。 22．句意：但许多野生动物正面临灭绝的危险。根据上文“Animals are…friends.”可知，此处是和下文“many wild animals are facing the danger of … out.”表示转折关系，用连词but，but“但是”，是连词，注意首字母大写，故填But。 23．句意：但许多野生动物正面临灭绝的危险。根据“many wild animals are facing the danger of”可知，此处是动物们处于临灭绝的危险，短语die out“灭绝”，是动词短语，of是介词，后加动名词，die的动名词是dying，故填dying。 24．句意：此外，污染变得更严重，这使得野生动物失去了家园。根据“and this makes wild animals lose their homes”可知，此处是污染变得严重，pollute“污染”，是动词，此处是名词作主语，pollution“污染”，是名词，故填pollution。 25．句意：第二，一些人为了获取皮毛、牙齿和肉而捕杀动物。根据“getting their fur, skin, teeth and meat.”可知，此处是人们捕杀动物是为了获取它们的皮毛、牙齿和肉，for“为了”，是介词，故填for。 26．句意：人们应该做些事情来帮助保护濒危野生动物。wild animals“野生动物”，空前应该是形容词修饰名词，endanger“危害”，是动词，此处用形容词，endangered“濒危的”，是形容词，故填endangered。 27．句意：例如，人们可以建立一些自然保护区来保护野生动物的家园。根据“save wild animals’”可知，此处是保护野生动物的家园，家园不是一个，用复数形式，故填homes。 28．句意：动物可以在那里自由生活。live“生活”，是动词，此处是副词修饰动词，free“自由的”，副词是freely，故填freely。 29．句意：此外，人们不允许捕杀野生动物。根据“to kill wild animals”可知，此处是不允许捕杀动物，短语be not allowed to do sth.“不被允许做某事”，主语是复数，be动词用are，故填are not allowed/aren’t allowed。 30．句意：如果我们开始保护我们的动物朋友，我们的世界会变得更好。根据“our world will become much better.”可知可知保护动物是世界变得更好的条件，此处是if引导的条件状语从句，故填If。 主题03 人与自我——哲理感悟 Passage 1 （24-25八年级下·广东省深圳市福田区外国语学校·期末） 阅读下面短文，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中所给词语的正确形式填空。 Once in a rich and 1 (peace) country, there lived an unhappy king. He slept badly and didn’t feel like 2 (eat). He often cried for no reason. This made the queen and his people 3 (worry). One day, a doctor 4 (call) in to examine the king. But he found nothing wrong 5 his body. “What he needs is the shirt of a happy person to wear. That’ll make him happy.” said the doctor. The prime minister and the king’s banker were called to the palace. But they both said they were not happy. 6 (lose) his power was what the prime minister worried about while the banker was afraid 7 losing his money. Then, the king’s top general was told 8 (go) out and find a happy man in three days. He searched and searched, but he couldn’t find anyone that was truly happy. Two days passed, just as he was about to give up, he saw a poor man eating with his hands and singing 9 (happy) on the street. The general went up to him and asked, “What makes you so happy? You have no power, money or fame.” The poor man answered, “I have everything I want, 10 I don’t want what I can’t have. So I’m happy.” Then the general asked the man if he could buy his shirt for the king. The poor man laughed and said he didn’t own any shirts at all. 【答案】 1．peaceful 2．eating 3．worried 4．was called 5．with 6．Losing 7．of 8．to go 9．happily 10．and 【导语】本文主要讲述了一位国王一直不开心，医生检查发现他的身体没有问题，他需要的是一件快乐的人穿的衬衫，因此将军出去为国王找快乐的人，却发现很难找到。最后他找到了一个快乐的人，但是这个快乐的人没有衬衫。 1．句意：在一个富有且和平的国家，住着一位不快乐的国王。根据“country”可知，此处需要形容词修饰“country”，peace的形容词形式是peaceful。故填peaceful。 2．句意：他睡不好，也不想吃东西。根据“feel like”可知，其后接动名词形式作宾语，eat的动名词是eating。故填eating。 3．句意：这使王后和他的人民感到担忧。根据“made”可知，此处是“make sb. + adj.”结构，worry的形容词形式是worried。故填worried。 4．句意：一天，一位医生被叫来检查国王。根据“a doctor”和提示词可知，此处是被动语态，且动作发生在过去，主语是单数，谓语动词用was called。故填was called。 5．句意：但他发现他的身体没有问题。根据“nothing wrong”可知，固定搭配“wrong with”表示“在……方面有问题”。故填with。 6．句意：首相担心的是失去权力，而银行家担心的是失去他的钱。根据“lose”和“was”可知，此处需要动名词作主语，lose的动名词是losing。故填Losing。 7．句意：首相担心的是失去权力，而银行家担心的是失去他的钱。此处是固定搭配“be afraid of”表示“害怕……”。故填of。 8．句意：然后，国王的最高将领被告知出去在三天内找到一个快乐的人。根据“told”可知，此处是固定搭配“be told to do sth.”，表示“被告知做某事”，go的不定式是to go。故填to go。 9．句意：两天过去了，就在他即将放弃时，他看到一个穷人用手吃饭，并在街上快乐地唱歌。根据“singing”可知，此处需要副词修饰动词，happy的副词形式是happily。故填happily。 10．句意：我有我想要的一切，而且我不想要我得不到的东西。根据前后句意可知，此处是并列关系，用连词and连接。故填and。 Passage 2 （24-25八年级下·广东深圳市龙岗区龙岗中心学校·期末） 阅读下面短文，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中所给词语的正确形式填空。 Mia was a talented girl in surfing. She 11 (teach) to surf when she was a little girl. She was recently preparing for a surf team tryout (选拔). In order 12 (perform) well, Mia and her dad spent hours at the beach practising every weekend. On the day of the tryout, Mia and her dad arrived at the beach early. There were seven other girls for the tryout. Alice, another talented girl at their school, also took part 13 it. She was Mia’s biggest challenge, so Mia was a little nervous. When the competition began, Mia took 14 deep breath and went out into the water to catch the waves. At first, Mia met an early-breaking wave and fell behind Alice. But Mia kept trying. Little by little, Mia nearly caught up with Alice. Just when there were five minutes left, Mia caught the 15 (big) wave of the day. If she did well on this wave, she would win first place. But 16 (sudden), Alice cut in and took Mia’s line. If Mia kept catching the wave, she would crash into Alice. At that moment, Mia remembered what her dad had told her: surfing is also about treating other 17 (surfer) kindly. Therefore, even though she was so close to 18 (win), she decided to give up the last wave. Finally, she lost the game, 19 she felt surprisingly relaxed. After the competition, Mia’s dad told her that everyone saw what Mia did and 20 (cheer) for her. The coach (教练) also thought Mia had a true surfer spirit. In the end, Mia became a member of the surf team. 【答案】 11．was taught 12．to perform 13．in 14．a 15．biggest 16．suddenly 17．surfers 18．winning 19．but 20．cheered 【导语】本文讲述了女孩Mia在冲浪选拔赛中，面对竞争对手Alice，为了安全和友善放弃最后一次机会，虽然输了比赛但赢得了尊重，最终依然成为冲浪队成员的故事。 【详解】11．句意：她小时候就有人教她冲浪。主语She与teach之间为被动关系，且描述过去的情况，用一般过去时的被动语态，故填was taught。 12．句意：为了表现得好，Mia和她的爸爸每个周末都在海滩上花几个小时练习。“in order to do sth.”为固定短语，意为“为了做某事”，故填to perform。 13．句意：Alice，她们学校另一位有才华的女孩，也参加了选拔。“take part in”为固定短语，意为“参加”，故填in。 14．句意：比赛开始时，Mia深吸一口气，然后下水去追浪。“take a deep breath”为固定短语，意为“深吸一口气”，故填a。 15．句意：Mia抓住了当天最大的浪。根据语境，表示“最大的”，需用形容词最高级，big的最高级为biggest。 16．句意：但突然，Alice插了进来，抢了Mia的路线。修饰整个句子，需用副词，sudden的副词为suddenly。 17．句意：冲浪也在于友善地对待其他冲浪者。other后接可数名词复数，surfer的复数为surfers。 18．句意：因此，尽管她离胜利如此之近，她还是决定放弃最后一波浪。介词to后接动名词作宾语，win的动名词为winning。 19．句意：最后，她输掉了比赛，但她感到出奇地放松。前后分句为转折关系，故填but。 20．句意：赛后，Mia的爸爸告诉她，每个人都看到了Mia的所作所为并为她欢呼。and连接并列谓语，saw为过去式，cheer也应用一般过去式，故填cheered。 Passage3 （24-25八年级下·广东省深圳市观澜二中·期末） 阅读下面短文，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中所给词语的正确形式填空。 Once there lived a wise and hard-working man. 21 , his son was lazy and did nothing all day. The wise man was worried about his son’s future. One day he 22 (hand) his son a bag with clothes, some food, a little money and a map to ask him to find some treasure. The son set out the next day. Along the way, he 23 (help) by some with food and by some with rooms to live in. After a long year, he got to the place his father mentioned. He spent two days 24 (look) for the treasure, but he failed. On the way back home, he experienced 25 same scenery. Sometimes, he would stop 26 (enjoy) the beauty of nature. He also learnt to make 27 (meal) and even fix his clothes himself. He met the people who had helped him 28 (early). This time, he stayed and helped them in order to repay them. When he got home, he said sorry to his father 29 not finding the treasure “There wasn’t any treasure in the very 30 (one) place, my son.” the father answered with a smile. “But I think you have found your life’s true purpose.” 【答案】 21．However 22．handed 23．was helped 24．looking 25．the 26．to enjoy 27．meals 28．earlier 29．for 30．first 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲了一位父亲通过让懒惰的儿子寻找“宝藏”的旅程，使他学会独立、感恩和生活的真谛，最终明白真正的财富是成长与付出。 【详解】21．句意：然而，他的儿子很懒惰，整天什么也不做。根据“Once there lived a wise and hard-working man.”以及“his son was lazy and did nothing all day.”可知，前后句之间是转折关系。“However”意为“然而”，表示转折，符合语境，且位于句首，首字母需大写。故填However。 22．句意：一天，他递给儿子一个装着衣服、一些食物、一点钱和一张地图的袋子，让他去寻找一些宝藏。根据“One day”可知，句子描述的是过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时，“hand”的过去式是“handed”。故填handed。 23．句意：一路上，有些人给他提供食物，有些人给他提供住的房间。根据“by some with food and by some with rooms to live in”可知，句子主语“he”和谓语动词“help”之间是被动关系，且根据上下文可知，时态为一般过去时，一般过去时的被动语态结构为“was/were + 过去分词”，主语“he”是第三人称单数，be动词用“was”，“help”的过去分词是“helped”。故填was helped。 24．句意：他花了两天时间寻找宝藏，但没有找到。“spend some time (in) doing sth.”意为“花费时间做某事”，“look”的动名词形式是“looking”。故填looking。 25．句意：在回家的路上，他经历了同样的风景。“the same”意为“同样的”。故填the。 26．句意：有时，他会停下来欣赏大自然的美景。“stop to do sth.”意为“停下来去做另一件事”，“stop doing sth.”意为“停止做正在做的事”。根据“Sometimes, he would stop... the beauty of nature.”可知，此处表示停下来去欣赏大自然的美景，应用“stop to do sth.”结构，“enjoy”的不定式形式是“to enjoy”。故填to enjoy。 27．句意：他还学会了做饭，甚至自己缝补衣服。“meal”是可数名词，根据语境可知，此处不是做一顿饭，应用复数形式“meals”。故填meals。 28．句意：他遇到了之前帮助过他的人。根据“He met the people who had helped him...”可知，此处表示之前帮助过他的人，earlier“先前，早些时候”，符合语境。故填earlier。 29．句意：当他回到家时，他为没有找到宝藏向父亲道歉。“say sorry to sb. for (doing) sth.”意为“为（做了）某事向某人道歉”。故填for。 30．句意：“儿子，一开始就没有什么宝藏。”父亲微笑着回答。“in the first place”意为“首先，一开始”。故填first。 Passage 4 （24-25八年级下·广东省深圳市华附集团·期末） 阅读下面短文，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中所给词语的正确形式填空。 I grew up in America. When I was a child, other kids often laughed at me. They made fun of me for 31 (be) short. Even as an adult, I sometimes heard words about 32 (I) height. It wasn’t fun, but I’ve learned how 33 (find) a way out over time. It’s usually not 34 big problem. In fact, it seems that women are more nervous than men when it comes to body-image problems in China. A perfect Chinese woman 35 (describe) as “tall and thin”—but in real life, not everyone can achieve (实现) this. I have some 36 (friend) that are women here, and they often complain (抱怨) about themselves because of this. It’s really too bad when I think they look beautiful. 37 , Chinese men don’t seem to receive much attention (注意) about how they look—people seem to care more about men’s incomes (收入) or jobs. Sometimes I’m asked questions 38 others, questions like “How much do you make?” or “What’s your job?” Not many people appear to care if I’m a bit fat or short. Our biggest critics (批评者) are ourselves. If you don’t feel good about your body, don’t be too hard on yourself. You can’t magically make yourself taller or 39 (thin), but you can go into the outside world confidently. No matter 40 you look like on the outside, if you know you are beautiful, nothing can change that. 【答案】 31．being 32．my 33．to find 34．a 35．is described 36．friends 37．However 38．by 39．thinner 40．what 【导语】本文讲述了我们最大的批评者是我们自己。如果你对自己的身体感觉不满意，不要对自己太苛刻。 31．句意：他们取笑我个子矮。介词for后接动名词形式，故填being。 32．句意：甚至在成年后，我有时也会听到一些关于我身高的评论。此处需用形容词性物主代词my修饰名词height，故填my。 33．句意：这并不有趣，但随着时间的推移，我学会了如何找到一条出路。how to do“如何做”，故填to find。 34．句意：这通常不是什么大问题。此处表泛指，big是以辅音音素开头的单词，故填a。 35．句意：完美的中国女性被描述为“又高又瘦”——但在现实生活中，并不是每个人都能做到这一点。主语woman与describe之间存在被动关系，需用结构be done，主语是第三人称单数，时态为一般现在时，be动词用is。故填is described。 36．句意：我在这里有一些女性朋友，她们经常因此而抱怨自己。空前是some，后接名词复数。故填friends。 37．句意：然而，中国男性似乎不太关注自己的外表——人们似乎更关心男性的收入或工作。前后表转折，用逗号隔开，用However“然而”，故填However。 38．句意：有时我会被别人问到一些问题，比如“你赚多少钱？”或者“你是做什么工作的？”根据“I’m asked questions…others”可知是指被别人问到一些问题，需用by，故填by。 39．句意：你不能神奇地让自己变高或变瘦，但你可以自信地走进外面的世界。根据“taller”可知并列的thin也应用比较级，故填thinner。 40．句意：无论你外表是什么样子，如果你知道自己很漂亮，没有什么能改变这一点。根据“No matter…you look like on the outside”可知是指无论你外表是什么样子，no matter what“无论什么”，故填what。 主题01 人与社会——科普知识 Passage 1 （24-25八年级下·广东深圳市宝安区海湾中学·期末） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 People have different ways of greeting each other. They might shake 1 (hand), kiss or hug. But do you ever wonder 2 dogs say hello? If you are a dog lover, you already know the answer 3 this question. When you arrive home, your dog 4 (jump) up into your lap. It wags its tail, and sometimes gives you wet kisses. Like humans, dogs have five senses: smell, touch, sight, hearing and taste. Humans use sight as the main sense for 5 (recognize) one another. But dogs have poor eyesight. They use smell to recognize others. A dog’s sense of smell is much 6 (good) than a human’s. It is through its sense of smell that tells the 7 (different) between different people. Smell 8 (use) by dogs to recognize other dogs, too. They tell 9 differences by the smell of pee and pooh. When two dogs meet, they smell each other’s noses. Then they go side to side, and smell each other’s butts. By 10 (smell) its friend’s behind, a dog knows who it is with. That is also why dogs smell everything they can on the road. By smelling grass, trees and signposts, dogs know which other neighborhood dogs have been around. 【答案】 1．hands 2．how 3．to 4．jumps 5．recognizing 6．better 7．differences 8．is used 9．the 10．smelling 【分析】这篇短文主要介绍了狗是如何与人类或者自己的同类打招呼的。 【详解】1．本题考查shake hands(握手)。故答案为hands。 2．句意：但你曾想过狗是怎样打招呼的吗？怎样是how。故答案为how。 3．本题考查短语the answer to the question(问题的答案)。故答案为to。 4．根据下句It wags its tail, and sometimes gives you wet kisses可知，本题用一般现在时，动词用第三人称单数。故答案为jumps。 5．本题中所填词做for的宾语，动词用动名词形式。故答案为recognizing。 6．前有much修饰，句中有than，形容词用比较级。故答案为better。 7．前面有冠词the，应用different的名词形式。故答案为differences。 8．句意：嗅觉被狗用来识别其他的狗。根据句意，本题用一般现在时的被动语态。故答案为is used。 9．根据后面的名词differences可知，本题用定冠词the。故答案为the。 10．前有介词by，后面用smell的动名词形式。故答案为smelling。 Passage 2 （24-25八年级下·广东省深圳市光明区部分学校联考·期末） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 What makes a great science fiction (or “sci-fi”)? The post-1980s sci-fi writer Bao Shu gave his answer. His 11 (impress) work Our Martians won a Science Fiction Planet Award recently. Knowledge plus imagination Since many different subjects such as social problems, technology and philosophy (哲学) 12 (include) in a science fiction, sci-fi writers need to know a lot of things. While knowledge forms the “backbone” of 13 sci-fi story, imagination is the “lifeblood” that makes science fiction work. Bao Shu said that not everyone is born good at imagining, but you can train yourself to be good at it. He 14 (give) an example. “If you are simply given the topic: ‘Imagine you become a billionaire (亿万富翁) in 20 years, what would 15 (you) life look like?’ You might just think about what you could buy. But if you imagine a billionaire lost 16 a desert, it can make you think differently and 17 (deep) about the idea,” he said. Inspiration from daily life Bao Shu’s works cover different 18 (topic) such as AI, time loops and space exploration. It sounds quite far from daily life. 19 , most of his ideas come from everyday life. His short story Tasting the Future Delicacy Three Times is about how people use technology 20 (feel) what others feel when they eat. He got the idea from seeing how people are always interested in the taste of food they have never tried. 【答案】 11．impressive 12．are included 13．a 14．gave 15．your 16．in 17．deeply 18．topics 19．However 20．to feel 【分析】本文主要讲述了科幻小说作家鲍树是如何创作科幻小说的，他认为创作科幻小说需要非常宽广的知识范围。 11．句意：他的令人赞叹的作品《我们的火星人》最近获得了科幻星球奖。根据“work”，名词，“作品”可知，要用形容词修饰，impress动词，意为“给……留下深刻印象”，impressive形容词，意为“令人赞叹的”。故填impressive。 12．句意：由于许多不同的主题例如社会问题、技术和哲学被包含在一个科幻小说中，科幻作家需要知道很多事情。根据“in a science fiction”可知，空前所提到的“social problems,technology and philosophy”是被包含在科幻小说里的，所以用被动语态，结构是be done的形式。又因为主语是复数，时态是一般现在时，所以用are included。 13．句意：尽管知识构成了科幻故事的“支柱”，但想象力是科幻作品的“命脉”。根据“While knowledge forms the “backbone” of...sci-fi story,”可知，句子缺少冠词，用不定冠词a来修饰sci-fi story。故填a。 14．句意：他举了一个例子。根据空前面的一句话可知，时态是一般过去时，所以用动词give的过去式gave。故填gave。 15．句意：想象你在20年后成为亿万富翁，你的生活会是什么样子？根据空后面的“life”可知，空白处应该填you的形容词性物主代词your，意为“你的”。故填your。 16．句意：但如果你想象一个亿万富翁迷失在沙漠中，它会使你关于这个想法考虑的不同和深刻。根据“a desert”可知，缺少介词in，in a desert“在沙漠中”。故填in。 17．句意：但如果你想象一个亿万富翁迷失在沙漠中，它会使你关于这个想法考虑的不同和深刻。根据空前的“differently and”可知，空白处要填一个副词来保持一致。deep的副词形式是deeply“深刻地”，修饰前面的动词think。故填deeply。 18．句意：鲍树的作品涵盖了不同的主题，例如人工智能、时间循环和太空探索。根据空前“different”不同的，可知，topic名词要用复数形式topics。故填topics。 19．句意：然而，他的想法大多数来自日常生活。根据“It sounds quite far from daily life.”和“most of his ideas come from everyday life.”可知，前后两句出现了转折，用However“然而”。故填However。 20．句意：他的短篇小说《品尝未来的美味3次》讲述了人们如何使用科技来感受别人吃东西时的感受。根据前面的“use technology”可知，use sth. to do...意为“用某物做某事”。故填to feel。 Passage 3 （24-25八年级下·广东省深圳市百合外国语学校·期末） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 In 1901, an Austrian scientist discovered that there are four types of blood. These four types were named A,B,AB, and O. People have one of these four kinds. Blood type O is the most common around the world. Blood type A is the second most common, and type AB is 21 (little) common of all. If people with type A blood are given type B blood, 22 people with type B blood are given type A blood, they will 23 (probable) die. In 1927, a Japanese doctor, Furukawa Takeji, 24 (do) some research. He said that people with type A blood were usually calm and serious; people with type B blood were curious and outgoing; people with type O were generous and honest, while those 25 type AB blood are often caring and careful. Later, a doctor in the United Sates wrote a book that links blood types to 26 people eat. For example, his book advised people with type O blood 27 (eat) more meat and less bread. The book has been a hit（畅销）with people 28 want to lose weight. However, Dr Peter D’Adamo believes that eating food that matches a 29 (person) blood type can do more than help them lose weight. And it will make the person healthier in other 30 (way), too. 【答案】 21．the least 22．or 23．probably 24．did 25．with 26．what 27．to eat 28．who 29．person’s 30．ways 【导语】本文介绍了四种血型，并且有相应的研究发现血型和人们的性格、饮食都有关系。 【详解】21．句意：A型血是第二常见的，AB型血是最不常见的。根据“Blood type O is the most common around the world. Blood type A is the second most common,”可知，此处是血型常见度比较，AB是最不常见的，little的最高级为least，the least+形容词构成最高级，the least common表示“最不常见的”，符合语境。故填the least。 22．句意：如果给A型血的人输B型血，或者给B型血的人输A型血，他们很可能会死。根据“If people with type A blood are given type B blood, … people with type B blood are given type A blood”可知，此处应为连词，or“或者”，表示选择关系的并列连词，符合语境。故填or。 23．句意：如果给A型血的人输B型血，或者给B型血的人输A型血，他们很可能会死。根据“they will … die”和括号单词可知，此处指可能会死，修饰动词die应用副词probably，表示“可能”。故填probably。 24．句意：1927年，一位名叫Furukawa Takeji的日本医生做了一些研究。根据“In 1927”可知，句子时态为一般过去时，do的过去式为did。故填did。 25．句意：他说，A型血患者通常平静而严肃；B型血的人好奇且外向；O型血的人慷慨而诚实，而AB型血的人往往关心和谨慎。根据“type AB blood”可知，此处用with表示伴随某种特质，表示“有……血型的人”。故填with。 26．句意：后来，美国的一位医生写了一本书，将血型与人们的饮食联系起来。根据“links”可知，link后接宾语，此处为宾语从句，从句缺少eat的宾语，表示“吃什么”，用what连接。故填what。 27．句意：例如，他的书建议O型血患者多吃肉，少吃面包。根据“advised”可知，advise sb. to do sth.表示“建议某人做某事”。故填to eat。 28．句意：这本书受到了想减肥的人的欢迎。分析句子结构可知，此句为定语从句，先行词为people，且在从句中作主语，应用关系代词who。故填who。 29．句意：然而，Dr Peter D’Adamo认为，吃与一个人血型相匹配的食物不仅能帮助他们减肥。根据“blood type”可知，空格后为名词，所以应用person的所有格修饰，表示“人的血型”。故填person’s。 30．句意：此外，这也会在其他方面让人更健康。根据“in other”可知，other后跟名词复数，in other ways表示“在其他方面”，固定搭配。故填ways。 主题02 人与社会——中华文化 Passage 1 （24-25八年级下·广东省深圳市盐田区沙头角中学·期末） 阅读下面短文，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中所给词语的正确形式填空。 Lu Yu is a remarkable figure in Chinese history. He lived 1 unusual life during the Tang Dynasty. As a homeless child, he lived in Longgai Temple and studied there, 2 (include) boiling tea. At the age of thirteen, Lu Yu 3 (catch) the attention of Li Qiwu, the Prefect (太守) of Jingling. He not only gave Lu Yu books as gifts but also introduced him 4 a famous teacher. Lu Yu learned from his teacher 5 he was nineteen. He also made good friends with famous people. They often traveled, tasted tea and talked about poems together. At the age of twenty-one, Lu Yu started to explore different kinds of tea. To study tea picking and making well, Lu Yu chose to live a long life of reclusion (隐居) in Tiaoxi for 6 (he). The choice allowed him to understand about tea growing and making more 7 (easy) than others might have been able to. Later, he lived in Miaoxi Temple, where he worked hard on learning about tea. Over years, he finally wrote the book Tea Classic. And it was the first book in the world 8 (study) tea. This book has over seven thousand Chinese words, covering the 9 (describe) from production place, the growing environment of tea trees to the tools and methods used in tea production. Tea Classic has not only shaped the way tea is grown and prepared but also 10 (make) tea drinking more meaningful. 【答案】 1．an 2．including 3．caught 4．to 5．until 6．himself 7．easily 8．to study 9．descriptions 10．made 【导语】本文介绍了中国历史上著名人物陆羽的生平及其对茶文化的贡献。 1．句意：他过着不寻常的生活。unusual是以元音音素开头的单词，前面应使用不定冠词an。故填an。 2．句意：小时候无家可归，他住在龙盖寺，在那里学习，包括煮茶。分析句子结构可知，此句有谓语动词lived，此处应填介词including表示“包括”。故填including。 3．句意：十三岁时，陆羽引起了荆陵太守李齐武的注意。根据“At the age of thirteen”可知，句子时态为一般过去时，动词catch的过去式为caught。故填caught。 4．句意：他不仅送给陆羽书籍作为礼物，还把他介绍给了一位著名的老师。introduce sb. to sb.表示“把某人介绍给某人”。故填to。 5．句意：陆羽从老师那里学习直到十九岁。根据“learned from his teacher… he was nineteen”可知，此处表示“直到……为止”，应用until。故填until。 6．句意：为了更好地研究采茶和制茶，陆羽选择在苕溪隐居。此句的主语是Lu Yu，当宾语与反身代词为同一人称时，此处应填反身代词himself，表示“他自己”。故填himself。 7． 句意：这个选择让他比其他人更容易理解茶叶的种植和制作。此处应填副词easily，修饰动词understand。故填easily。 8．句意：这是世界上第一本研究茶的书。此空作名词book的后置定语，应填动词不定式。故填to study。 9．句意：这本书涵盖了从生产地、茶树的生长环境到茶叶生产中使用的工具和方法的描述。根据“covering the … from production place”可知，此处应填名词description，表示“描述”，此空应填复数形式。故填descriptions。 10．句意：《茶经》不仅塑造了茶的种植和准备方式，还使喝茶更有意义。根据“has not only shaped”可知，句子时态为现在完成时，此空应填过去分词，动词make的过去分词为made。故填made。 Passage 2 （24-25八年级下·广东省深圳市龙华区新华中学·期末） 阅读下面短文，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空。 Lion dancing is a traditional art performance. It is often seen during holidays 11 lions are believed to be auspicious (吉祥的) animals and can help protect people from bad things. In the Song dynasty, 12 performance was brought to the south and mixed with local forms of martial arts to create the Southern style of lion dance, also known as Xingshi (awaking lion). These days, lion dancing has been spreading 13 (wide) than ever before because of worldwide interest in Chinese culture. In 2022, over 50 teams from different 14 (country) took part in the International Dragon and Lion Dance Virtual Competition. While they were performing lion dances, the people around 15 (cheer) excitedly for them. However, 16 (make) a lion head is difficult, so some people are worrying whether we can pass down this skill. It takes at least a week 17 (finish) making a lion head. Besides, hundreds of bamboo strips and over 1,300 steps 18 (need) in this centuries-old artwork. “Young people are not 19 (patience) enough to work around 10 hours a day.” said He Yubin, the inheritor (继承者) of this skill. Still, He is sure that it won’t disappear. Artists like him will work with schools and companies to teach 20 (they) skills to students of all ages. 【答案】 11．because 12．the 13．more widely 14．countries 15．were cheering/cheered 16．making 17．to finish 18．are needed 19．patient 20．their 【导语】本文讲述了舞狮这一传统艺术表演和它的演变，虽然舞狮如今仍被广泛地传播，但是因其制作艰难，人们也担忧这项技能将失传。 11．句意：它经常在节日期间出现，因为狮子被认为是吉祥的动物，可以帮助保护人们免受坏事。根据“It is often seen during holidays...lions are believed to be auspicious (吉祥的) animals and can help protect people from bad things.”可知，此处表原因，because“因为”，符合语境。故填because。 12．句意：在宋代，这种表演被带到南方，并与当地的武术形式相结合，创造了南方风格的舞狮，也被称为醒狮。performance“表演”，可数名词，此处为单数，空前需填一个冠词，根据“Lion dancing is a traditional art performance.”可知，此处特指舞狮这种表演，the定冠词，表特指，符合语境。故填the。 13．句意：如今，由于全世界对中国文化的兴趣，舞狮比以往任何时候都更广泛地传播。根据“lion dancing has been spreading...”可知，此处需填一个副词，修饰动词；又根据空后than可知，此处用副词的比较级；wide“广泛的”，其副词为widely“广泛地”，widely的比较级为more widely。故填more widely。 14．句意：在2022年，来自不同国家的50多支队伍参加了国际舞龙舞狮虚拟大赛。country“国家”，可数名词，根据“over 50 teams from different...”可知，此处用复数形式。故填countries。 15．句意：当他们表演舞狮时，周围的人兴奋地为他们欢呼。根据“While they were performing lion dances, the people around...excitedly for them.”可知，此处为过去进行时或一般过去时，过去进行时的结构为was/were+doing，主语the people为复数，所以此处为were cheering；cheer“欢呼”，过去式为cheered。故填were cheering；cheered。 16．句意：然而，制作狮头很难，所以有些人担心我们能否传承这项技能。根据“...a lion head is difficult”可知，此处是动名词做主语，make“制作”，其动名词形式为making。故填making。 17．句意：制作狮头至少需要一周的时间。根据“It takes at least a week...making a lion head.”可知，此处为it takes sb+时间+to do sth句型，表示“花费某人多长时间做某事”，所以空处为动词不定式。故填to finish。 18．句意：此外，这件有着数百年历史的艺术品需要数百根竹条和1300多个台阶。根据“hundreds of bamboo strips and over 1,300 steps...”可知，此处为一般现在时的被动语态，其结构为is/are+done，主语为复数，此处be动词用are，need“需要”，其过去分词为needed。故填are needed。 19．句意：年轻人没有足够的耐心每天工作10个小时左右。根据“Young people are not...”可知，空处需填一个形容词作表语，patience“耐心”，名词，其形容词为patient“有耐心的”。故填patient。 20．句意：像他这样的艺术家将与学校和公司合作，向所有年龄段的学生传授他们的技能。根据空后skills可知，此处需填形容词性物主代词，they“他们”，主格，其形容词性物主代词为their“他们的”。故填their。 Passage 3 （24-25八年级下·广东省深圳市龙岗区宏扬学校·期末） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Guyu is known as “Grain Rain”. It is the 21 (six) solar term in the traditional Chinese calendar. This year, it starts from April 19. It takes 22 (it) name from the Chinese saying “rain produces hundreds of grains (雨生百谷)”. The name 23 (show) the relationship between weather and farming during this period. As the last solar term in spring, this period sees warmer weather and 24 increase in rainy days. It creates a wonderful environment for plants and animals. For farmers, guyu marks 25 (good) time for planting. “Grain Rain is also a solar term that shows rich traditional Chinese 26 (culture) characteristics (特征),” Chinese culture expert Liu Xiaochang told Cover News. In Chinese mythology, before 2,500 BC, Cang Jie created a set of characters 27 better record-keeping. Following his invention, grains began 28 (rain) down from the sky. Though we do not know if Cang Jie really did create the characters, Grain Rain day 29 (become) a day to honour Cang Jie and the invention of the Chinese language. The United 30 (Nation) set April 20 as the yearly UN Chinese Language Day. It happens right with Grain Rain day, which typically falls between April 19 and 21. 【答案】 21．sixth/6th 22．its 23．shows 24．an 25．the best 26．cultural 27．for 28．to rain 29．has become 30．Nations 【导语】本文介绍了中国的传统节气之一——谷雨。 21．句意：它是中国传统历法中的第六个节气。此处表示“第六个”，应用序数词sixth/6th“第六”。故填sixth/6th。 22．句意：它得名于中国俗语“雨生百谷”。此处应用形容词性物主代词its“它的”修饰名词name。故填its。 23．句意：这个名字表明了这一时期天气和农业之间的关系。此处陈述客观事实，句子用一般现在时，主语name是第三人称单数，谓语动词用三单形式shows。故填shows。 24．句意：作为春季的最后一个节气，这一时期天气变暖，雨天增多。此处泛指“一种增长”，且increase以元音音素开头，应用不定冠词an。故填an。 25．句意：对于农民来说，谷雨标志着种植的好时机。此处表示最好的时机，用最高级“the best”。故填the best。 26．句意：中国文化专家刘晓畅告诉封面新闻：“谷雨也是一个展示中国丰富传统文化特征的节气。”此处应用形容词作定语修饰名词characteristics，应用cultural“文化的”。故填cultural。 27．句意：在中国神话中，公元前2500年之前，仓颉创造了一套文字以便更好地记录。此处用介词for“为了”，表示目的。故填for。 28．句意：随着他的这项发明，粮食开始像下雨一样从天上落下。begin to do sth.“开始做某事”，固定搭配，此处应用to rain。故填to rain。 29．句意：虽然我们不知道仓颉是否真的创造了文字，但谷雨日已经成为纪念仓颉和汉字发明的日子。此处表示过去发生的事情对现在造成的影响，句子应用现在完成时，其结构为“be done”；主语是第三人称单数，助动词应用has，become的过去分词为become。故填has become。 30．句意：联合国将4月20日定为每年的联合国中文日。the United Nations“联合国”，固定表达。故填Nations。 Passage 4 （24-25八年级下·广东省深圳实验学校·期末） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The willow branch is a part of the willow tree. In ancient China, willow branches were often used as a parting gift between friends and family 31 (member). Even today, willow branches 32 (mention) in many cases as a symbol of saying goodbye. Do you know 33 ? One reason is that willow trees are strong. They can live 34 (easy) in any place, wet or dry, north or south. 35 of this, giving a willow branch to say goodbye to loved ones is a way to tell them you hope they will get used to 36 (they) new living environment. For another reason, the pronunciation for the willow tree “liu（柳）” is similar 37 the character “liu” in Chinese, which means inviting someone to stay—only the tones are different. So 38 (offer) a willow branch means asking the other party to live for a longer time, even though we know that they must leave. It’s said that this custom became popular during the Han Dynasty. At that time, Baqiao, a bridge in Chang’an, today’s Xi’an, was 39 common place to say goodbye. People often 40 (stop) there and handed willow branches to people who were leaving. 【答案】 31．members 32．are mentioned 33．why 34．easily 35．Because 36．their 37．to 38．offering 39．a 40．stopped 【导语】本文主要介绍了在古代，人们在分别时赠送柳条作礼物的原因。 【详解】31．句意：在中国古代，柳枝经常被用作朋友和家人的临别礼物。根据“friends and family...”可知此处用名词复数members“成员”。故填members。 32．句意：即使在今天，柳枝在许多情况下也被视为告别的象征。主语willow branches和谓语mention“提到”之间是被动关系，根据“today”可知句子用一般现在时的被动语态，主语是复数，be动词用are。故填are mentioned。 33．句意：你知道为什么吗？根据“One reason...”可知此处询问原因，用why。故填why。 34．句意：它们可以在任何地方很容易存活，无论潮湿还是干燥，无论北方还是南方。修饰动词live用副词easily。故填easily。 35．句意：正因为如此，送一根柳树枝与所爱的人告别，是告诉他们你希望他们能适应新的生活环境的一种方式。“They can live...in any place...”是“giving a willow branch to say goodbye to loved ones is a way to tell them you hope...”的原因，because of“因为”。故填Because。 36．句意：正因为如此，送一根柳树枝与所爱的人告别，是告诉他们你希望他们能适应新的生活环境的一种方式。空格后是名词，此处用形容词性物主代词their“他们的”。故填their。 37．句意：另一个原因是，柳树“柳”的发音与汉语中的“留”字相似，意思是邀请某人留下来，只是音调不同。be similar to“和……相似”。故填to。 38．句意：提供一根柳枝意味着要求对方活得更长，尽管我们知道他们必须离开。此处作主语用动名词offering“提供”。故填offering。 39．句意：当时，长安（今西安）的大桥灞桥是一个常见的道别场所。此处泛指“一个场所”，common以辅音音素开头，用不定冠词a。故填a。 40．句意：人们经常在那里停下来，把柳枝递给要离开的人。根据“and handed...”可知句子用一般过去时，动词用过去式stopped“停止”。故填stopped。 主题03 人与自然——动物与植物 Passage 1 （24-25八年级下·深圳市龙华区实验学校·期末） 阅读下面的短文，在空格处填入一个适当的词或用括号中词语的正确形式填空。 For years, most people believed plants lived quiet, passive (被动的) lives. However, recent research 1 (reveal) a surprising truth: plants are constantly “talking” and interacting in ways we are just beginning to understand. A plant’s primary means of communication is chemical. When attacked by insects, many plants release 2 (chemical) into the air. This is not just a simple reaction; it’s a sophisticated warning system. Neighboring plants that detect these signals then start 3 (produce) their own defensive chemicals. Studies show a plant under threat can communicate 4 (effective) than we once imagined, triggering defenses in plants several meters away. In one key experiment, scientists designed some brilliant experiments 5 (prove) this phenomenon. They placed aphids (蚜虫) on a tomato plant and watched. Soon, nearby, untouched plants also began preparing 6 (them) for attack by raising their toxin levels. This showed the message was being received. The 7 (one) clear evidence came from this simple but clever test. 8 underground network formed by fungi (真菌) acts like the internet, connecting plant roots. Through this “Wood Wide Web,” plants can share nutrients and information. A strong, old tree might, for example, help a weak seedling by sending it sugars 9 this network. 10 this connection is cut, the seedling’s chances of survival drop greatly. This hidden conversation challenges us to look at the plant world with new respect. Plants are not just passive background objects; they are active participants in a complex, silent dialogue that sustains life on Earth. 【答案】 1．has revealed 2．chemicals 3．producing 4．more effectively 5．to prove 6．themselves 7．first 8．An 9．through 10．If/When 【导语】本文通过最新研究揭示了植物并非被动生存的生物，它们能通过化学信号释放警告、与邻近植物互动，还能借助真菌形成的地下 “植物互联网” 共享养分与信息。这一发现挑战了人们对植物的传统认知，展现了植物在生态系统中积极交流、维系生命的复杂机制。 【详解】1．句意：然而，近期研究揭示了一个惊人的真相：植物一直在以我们才刚刚开始理解的方式“交谈”和互动。根据“recent research...a surprising truth”可知，研究是在过去某个时间开始的，但其揭示的结果对现在的认知产生了持续影响，所以时态为现在完成时，主语是research，助动词用has，reveal的过去分词是revealed。故填has revealed。 2．句意：当被昆虫攻击时，许多植物会向空气中释放化学物质。根据“many plants release...”可知，此处应填名词作宾语，chemical“化学物质”，是可数名词，植物释放的化学物质不止一种，因此用复数形式。故填chemicals。 3．句意：检测到这些信号的邻近植物随后会开始产生自己的防御性化学物质。“start doing sth”表示“开始做某事”，produce的动名词形式是producing。 4．句意：研究表明，受威胁的植物能比我们想象的更有效地交流，触发数米外植物的防御反应。根据“communicate...than”可知，此处需用副词比较级，effective的副词形式是effectively，effectively的比较级形式是more effectively。故填more effectively。 5．句意：在一项关键实验中，科学家设计了一些精妙的实验来证明这一现象。根据“ scientists designed some brilliant experiments...this phenomenon.”可知，设计实验是为了证明这一现象，所以填动词不定式。故填to prove。 6．句意：很快，附近未受影响的植物也开始通过提高毒素水平使自己为攻击做准备。根据“untouched plants also began preparing...for attack by raising their toxin levels”可知，此处是“prepare oneself for sth”，表示“为自己准备某事”，them的反身代词是themselves。故填themselves。 7．句意：第一个清晰的证据就来自这个简单却巧妙的实验。根据“The...clear evidence came from this simple but clever test.”可知，此处需表达“第一个清晰的证据”，用序数词first修饰evidence。故填first。 8．句意：由真菌构成的地下网络就像互联网一样，将植物的根部连接起来。根据“underground network formed by fungi (真菌) acts like the internet,”可知，此处表泛指，且underground以元音音素开头，句首首字母要大写，因此用不定冠词An。故填An。 9．句意：例如，一棵强壮的老树可能会通过这个网络向弱小的幼苗输送糖分来帮助它。根据“by sending it sugars...this network”可知，此处指通过这个网络输送糖分，应填through。故填through。 10．句意：如果/当这种连接被切断，幼苗的存活率会大幅下降。根据“...this connection is cut, the seedling’s chances of survival drop greatly.”可知，此处可填if引导条件状语从句，意为“如果这种连接被切断”；也可填when引导时间状语从句，意为“当这种连接被切断”。句首首字母要大写。故填If/When。 Passage 2 （24-25八年级下·广东深圳奥斯翰外语学校·期末） 阅读下面短文， 按照句子结构语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或用括号中词语的正确形式填空。 A soldier who was at war looked after his horse with great care. He gave it the best grass to eat and 11 (clean) water to drink. He kept its coat clean and covered it with a warm quilt 12 cold nights. As a result, the horse was strong and served the soldier quite well in the World War I. 13 , the soldier changed after the war. He made the horse live in a small and cold stable(马厩) and gave it very little food to eat. The stable had a leaky(漏雨的) roof and a floor made of mud; the water inside was dirty and muddy. The soldier had the horse work hard on his farm, 14 (carry) heavy things every day. After some time, another war broke out. The soldier took out his weapons(武器) and prepared 15 (join) the battle. He went to the stable to lead his horse. He 16 (lay) a leather saddle (马鞍) on its back and rode on it. For a moment, the horse stood there and didn’t move. The soldier kicked it. Then 17 (gradual) its thin legs began to kneel down slowly to the ground. The horse gave the soldier a look of 18 (sad). “Master (主人), ” it said, “you’ll have to fight on foot this time. You have made me work like 19 elephant and fed me like a sheep. I’m no longer the strong horse that you once helped 20 (I) become. Can you see what you’ve done?” 【答案】 11．the cleanest 12．on 13．However 14．carrying 15．to join 16．laid 17．gradually 18．sadness 19．an 20．me 【来源】广东省深圳市高级中学2020-2021学年八年级下学期期中英语试题 【导语】本文主要讲述了一匹马在战士们精心的照顾下变得很强壮，也可以在战争中发挥优势。战争结束后，战士们就不像以前那样照顾这匹马，待战争再一次爆发，战士又想骑着这匹马时，这匹马告诉主人它已经不是以前那匹强壮的马了。 11．句意：他给它吃最好的草，喝最干净的水。and连接两个并列关系，根据“the best grass”可知，此空也应填形容词最高级，且形容词最高级前要有the，故填the cleanest。 12．句意：他保持它的外套干净，在寒冷的夜晚给它盖上温暖的被子。“cold nights”是指在寒冷的夜晚，前应加上时间介词on，故填on。 13．句意：然而，士兵在战后改变了。第一段所描述的内容与第二段开头“the soldier changed after the war. He made the horse live in a small and cold stable”是转折关系，且空格后有逗号隔开，应填副词however表示“然而”，故填However。 14．句意：这个士兵让这匹马在他的农场里辛苦地干活，每天驮着沉重的东西。此空作伴随状语，应填一个现在分词，故填carrying。 15．句意：士兵拿出武器，准备参加战斗。prepare to do sth“准备去做某事”，动词不定式作宾语，故填to join。 16．句意：他把一个皮马鞍放在它的背上，骑在上面。根据“rode”可知，句子是一般过去时，动词用过去式，故填laid。 17．句意：然后，它的细腿开始慢慢地跪在地上。此空修饰动词kneel down，要用副词，故填gradually。 18．句意：马向士兵投去悲伤的一瞥。of后接名词，sad对应的名词是sadness，故填sadness。 19．句意：你让我像大象一样干活，却像喂羊一样喂我。此处表示“像一头大象”，elephant是以元音音素开头的，故填an。 20．句意：我不再是你曾经帮助我成为的那匹强壮的马。动词help后接人称代词宾格作宾语，故填me。 Passage 3 （24-25八年级下·广东深圳市南山区育才一中·期末） 阅读下面的短文，在空格处填入一个适当的词或用括号中词语的正确形式填空。 Scientists predict that most polar bears will die out by the year 2100 because of global warming. Polar bears are found in the far north, inside the Arctic Circle. They spend most of their time 21 (live) on the ice which covers the Arctic seas. As the world gets much 22 (hot) because of man-made climate change, the ice cap will be 23 small and thin that the polar bears can’t have enough places to travel and hunt. What’s worse, the Arctic is warming about twice as 24 (quick) as other places. Seals are polar bears’ main food. Polar bears usually catch seals in places   25 the ice meets the water. 26 (catch) seals, the bears need to be able to walk and run across the ice. Polar bears are strong swimmers, 27 they’re not fast enough to catch seals in the water. 28 polar bears, summers are the hardest time. With less ice to travel on, they’re forced to spend more time on land, where there isn’t much food. And rising temperatures in the Arctic are causing the bears to have less areas for hunting. That’s really a matter of life and 29 (die). The scientists believe that in the past few years, polar bears 30 (start) dying out in southern areas of the Arctic, like Canada. To help save polar bears, rapid action is needed to reduce the effect of global heating. 【答案】 21．living/in living 22．hotter 23．so 24．quickly 25．where 26．To catch 27．but 28．For 29．death 30．have started 【导语】本文主要讲了全球变暖使北极熊的生存环境变得艰难。 21．句意：它们大部分时间生活在覆盖北冰洋上面的冰上。根据sb spend some time (in) doing sth“某人花费时间做某事”可知空格处应为living或in living。故填living/in living。 22．句意：由于人为的气候变化，世界变得越来越热，冰盖将变得又小又薄，北极熊无法有足够的地方旅行和狩猎。根据句意以及空格前的修饰词much可知，空格处缺少比较级，表示世界变得越来越热，hot的比较级形式为hotter。故填hotter。 23．句意：由于人为的气候变化，世界变得越来越热，冰盖将变得又小又薄，北极熊无法有足够的地方旅行和狩猎。根据空格后“ …small and thin that the polar bears can’t have enough places to travel and hunt. ”可知，此处缺少副词so，构成so…that句式，意为“如此……以至于……”。故填so。 24．句意：更糟糕的是，北极正在以较其他地方两倍的速度变暖。根据空格前后的“twice as …as”可知此处为“倍数+as+形容词或副词的原级+as+其它”结构，空处修饰谓语动词，应为副词原级。故填quickly。 25．句意：北极熊通常在冰与水接触的地方捕捉海豹。根据“the ice meets the water”可知此处为定语从句，先行词places指地点，在从句中作状语，用where引导定语从句。故填where。 26．句意：为了捕捉海豹，北极熊需要能够在冰上行走和奔跑。根据所给的提示词可知，空处缺少动词不定式表目的，表示“为了捕捉海豹”。故填To catch。 27．句意：北极熊是游泳健将，但他们的速度还不够快到去在水中抓住海豹。根据空格前后的内容，可知此处表转折。故填but。 28．句意：对北极熊来说，夏天是最艰难的时候。根据“summers are the hardest time”以及后面的内容可知，此处指对北极熊来说，夏天是最艰难的时候，介词for“（表示对象）对”。故填For。 29．句意：那真是生死攸关的大事。and前后连接相同成分，life此处为名词，表“生命”，故空格处缺少名词形式，death“死亡”。故填death。 30．句意：科学家们认为，在过去的几年里，北极熊开始在北极的南部地区灭绝，如加拿大。根据时间状语“in the past few years”可知，该句为现在完成时，主语polar bears 为复数，空处应填谓语动词。故填have started。 Passage 4 （24-25八年级下·广东深圳明德外语实验学校·期末） 阅读下面短文，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空。 About 470 pilot whales (巨头鲸) have been beached in Tasmania, Australia. This has been the 31 (large) whale-beaching event in Tasmania since 1935. People are working hard 32 (save) the whales. Every year, around 2,000 large sea animals, such as dolphins and whales, die because they swim onto 33 beach or into too shallow (浅的) water. It is hard for 34 (they) to swim away. This 35 (know) as “beaching”. Pilot whales and killer whales are some of the most commonly beached whales. Rescue workers are trying to refloat (使……再浮起) the whales so that they can swim away. The job is 36 (especially) challenging because the whales are so large. Pilot whales can grow up to 7 meters long 37 weigh up to 2,300 kg. There are about 60 people in the rescue teams, including 38 (volunteer), the police and workers from the Tasmania Parks and Wildlife Service. Now about 25 whales have been rescued. Since the rescued whales will return to the place again where others are still 39 trouble, workers are trying to make sure that rescued whales don’t get beached again. About 90 whales 40 (die) so far. Rescue efforts are likely to continue for a few more days. 【答案】 31．largest 32．to save 33．a 34．them 35．is known 36．especially 37．and 38．volunteers 39．in 40．have died 【导语】文章主要介绍了在澳大利亚塔斯马尼亚发生的大规模鲸鱼搁浅事件，这是自1935年以来塔斯马尼亚最大的一次鲸鱼搁浅事件。约有470头领航鲸搁浅，人们正在努力营救这些鲸鱼回到海中，并确保被救援的鲸鱼不再搁浅。 【详解】31．句意：这是自1935年以来塔斯马尼亚岛最大的鲸鱼搁浅事件。结合“the+最高级”可知，该空要填“large巨大的”形容词最高级“largest最大的”，作定语。故填largest。 32．句意：人们正在努力拯救鲸鱼。结合“People are working hard”可知，这里要填“save挽救”的不定式“to save去拯救”，作目的状语。故填to save。 33．句意：每年，大约有2000只大型海洋动物，如海豚和鲸鱼，因为游到沙滩上或太浅的水中而死亡。根据“...because they swim onto a beach or into too shallow (浅的) water.”可知，此处是指游到一处沙滩上或太浅的水中，此处是泛指一处沙滩，且beach是以辅音因素开头的单词，故填a。 34．句意：它们很难游走。结合“for”是介词，后面加代词宾格，所以该空要填”they他们”的宾格“them他们”。故填them。 35．句意：这就是所谓的“搁浅”。结合固定短语“be known as作为……而著名”，而结合上下句可知，时态为一般现在时，主语“this”是第三人称单数，所以要用“is”，故填is known。 36．句意：这项工作尤其具有挑战性，因为鲸鱼太大了。根据“The job is...challenging...”可知，此处需要填入一个副词来修饰形容词challenging。especially“尤其，特别”副词，符合句意。故填especially。 37．句意：巨头鲸可以长到7米长，重达2300公斤。根据“Pilot whales can grow up to 7 meters long...weigh up to 2,300 kg.”可知，空处前后是并列关系，指的是长到7米长并且重达2300公斤。故填and。 38．句意：救援队大约有60人，包括志愿者、警察和来自塔斯马尼亚公园和野生动物服务机构的工作人员。根据“including.., the police and workers from the Tasmania Parks and Wildlife Service.”可知，此处缺少一个名词，且空前无冠词，因此此处需要volunteer“志愿者”的复数，即volunteers。故填volunteers。 39．句意：由于获救的鲸鱼将再次回到其他鲸鱼仍有困难的地方，工作人员正试图确保获救的鲸鱼不会再次搁浅。根据“where others are still...trouble”可知，此处是指其他鲸鱼有困难的地方。in trouble“处在麻烦中”，固定短语。故填in。 40．句意：到目前为止，大约有90头鲸鱼已经死亡了。结合“so far”可知，该句时态是现在完成时，其结构为“has/have+done”，主语“whales”是复数名词，所以要用“have+done”，而提示词“die死”的过去分词是“died”。故填have died。 / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题08 语法填空 主题01 人与社会——中华文化 Passage 1 （24-25八年级下·广东省深圳市宝安区西乡中学·期末） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The jaw harp, or kouxian in Chinese, is one of the world’s oldest musical instruments (乐器). It is believed that the jaw harps were introduced to eastern Europe near the end of the 1 (thirteen) century. This instrument 2 (make) of either metal or bamboo. Each one is 8 to 9 3 (centimetre) long and 1 centimetre wide. It can produce amazing sounds of nature like birds singing and water running 4 the instrument is small and simple. Kouxian is now 5 (wide) played by musicians across the world. 6 larger number of young people are using this instrument to play pop music today. Ma Guoguo is an ethnic Yi (彝族) woman. Her grandmother was a skilled kouxian player and she learned the skill 7 her grandma. Ma’s kouxian style is faster and 8 (loud) than traditional performances, producing more powerful echoes (回声). Ma received a prize in an international jaw harp competition in Russia. She often offers online kouxian lessons 9 (teach) worldwide learners this traditional instrument. So far, the Chinese National Museum of Ethnology (CNME) 10 (organize) several activities to show the culture of kouxian worldwide. The jaw harp is a fun and great instrument. It connects people across time and cultures. Why not give it a try? You might discover a new favorite instrument! Passage 2 （24-25八年级下·广东深圳市龙岗区百合外国语学校期末）  阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 In 2025, two young teenagers from China made history at the World Street Dance in Paris. As the only teenage pair, they beat many adult 11 (player) and reached the semi-finals (半决赛). They had difficulty living in a foreign country, 12 they never gave up. In the end, they set China’s best record in this top street dance event. This achievement marks 13 best result for a Chinese team in the competition. The first competition 14 (hold) in 2002 and it remained popular. The boys stood out and amazed the world with a special “kung fu” show. The teenagers designed 15 (they) style of street dance and it turned out to be a big success. Everyone was 16 (surprise) because they put Drunken Fist (醉拳) and Shaolin moves into the dance. They played against other famous dancers and 17 (final) won the match. The teenagers made a good impression 18 the audience because they had courage on the stage. People called them “China’s strongest young dancers.” They greatly 19 (mix) traditional culture with street dance. This allowed more people 20 (know) about Chinese culture. Actually, they hoped that their story could inspire more teens to follow their dreams. Passage 3 （24-25八年级下·广东广东省深圳市福田区侨香实验·期末） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Every morning, Zhou Donghong arrives at his workshop by the river in Jingxian, Anhui Province. His hands are rough from many years of work. He gently touches the clear water to feel 21 (it) temperature. Here, he makes Xuan paper, a kind of traditional paper with a history of over 1, 000 years. Making Xuan paper 22 (take) a lot of work. First, Zhou puts together bark from trees and rice straw (树皮和秸秆). He leaves them in the river water 23 three months. Then, the pulp (纸浆) is poured onto bamboo frames and dried in the sun. The whole process has 108 steps. Even 24 small mistake can waste weeks of work. 25 Xuan paper is very thin, it can be kept well even after a thousand years. In the past, the craft of making Xuan paper 26 (pass) down from generation (一代人) to generation. But today, 27 (few) young people want to learn it. Zhou doesn’t give up. He often invites students to try the traditional craft. “I hope young people will keep this tradition 28 (live),” he said. Zhou’s paper is used to repair old paintings in 29 (museum). It is also given as a gift to important leaders around the world. Every day, Zhou works hard 30 (make) Xuan paper, just like his father and grandfather did before. For him, Xuan paper connects the past with the future. Passage 4 （24-25八年级下·广东省深圳高级中学初中部·期末） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Embroidery (刺绣) is created by any of the cultures located in the area that makes up modern China. Chinese embroidery is an art that dates all 31 way back to the Han dynasty between 206BC and 220AD．It 32 (know) as silk embroidery, too. China was the first country 33 (sew) silk. In 34 (it) oldest form, Xianqian technique involved weaving the silk thread onto the silk fabric (绸缎). In 1958, a piece of silk embroidered with a dragon and phoenix was discovered in a Chinese tomb from the Warring States Period (475–221BC), which showcased exceptional craftsmanship. At over 2,000 years old, it represents one of 35 (early) recorded examples of Chinese embroidery. More than 2,000 years old, it is the piece of Chinese embroidery ever unearthed. In the Tang and Song dynasties, embroidery was 36 (wide) used, growing more exquisite in technique and richer in color. It played a key role in the 37 (create) of paintings, calligraphy, and decorative art. In the Ming and Qing dynasties, both palace and folk embroidery experienced significant development, 38 (give) rise to the “Five Great Embroideries”. Nowadays, embroidered patterns have been used on daily items 39 quilt covers, pillowcases, and shoe uppers. Throughout history, with the development of human civilization, this unconscious thread 40 (develop) gradually into the embroidery that people need. 主题02 人与自然——环境保护 Passage 1 （24-25八年级下·广东省深圳市南山区育才三中·期末） 阅读下面短文，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空，。 Many years ago, Saihanba was a beautiful forest in the north of Hebei. It is about 400 kilometers from Beijing. For 1 (hundred) of years, the emperors liked to go there to hunt. However, in the 1800s, everything started to change. Wars, forest fires, and deforestation 2 (slow) turned the green forest into a desert. Without 3 forest, strong sandstorms often hit the Beijing area. In the early 1960s, a group of scientists looked for a way to stop the sand. In the middle of the desert, they 4 (find) an old tree still standing. “Maybe we can grow trees here again,” they thought. In 1962, the first group of tree planters arrived. Life was very hard for 5 (they). In winter, it was as cold 6 -40°C． Strong winds blew away the young trees, 7 these planters didn’t give up. For over 60 years, three generations (代) of forest workers have worked hard 8 (bring) back the forest. Today, Saihanba is green again and it 9 (see) as one of the most important national nature reserves (自然保护区) in China. Thanks to these brave workers, there are 10 (few) sandstorms than before. Saihanba is no longer a desert—it is a great example of how people can change the world through hard work. Passage 2 （24-25八年级下·广东广东省深圳市罗湖文德学校·期末） 阅读下面短文，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中的词语的正确形式填空。 I’m a sunflower. I come 11 a big field full of colorful flowers and green grass. Every day, I stand tall, facing 12 bright sun. One day, a young girl saw me and ran towards me 13 (cheerful). She gently touched my yellow petal (花瓣). “What a beautiful flower!” she said to 14 (she). This simple act of being admired filled my “heart” with joy. Farmers take good 15 (careful) of us. They often water us and make sure we have enough nutrients (营养物) from the soil. Sometimes, the weather becomes extremely hot, 16 they still come to look after us without hesitation. In return, we provide them with seeds. People can eat these seeds as a tasty snack or make oil from them. However, people are cutting down too many trees and it causes a lot of 17 (environment) problems. It makes me sad because it’s getting harder for me and my friends 18 (grow) well. Now, I 19 (wait) for people to realize the importance of protecting nature. We sunflowers are doing our part and 20 (human) should also protect nature so that we can all live in a more wonderful world. Passage 3 （24-25八年级下·广东省深圳市南山区前海学校·期末） 阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或用括号中词语的正确形式填空。 Animals are 21 (people) friends. 22 many wild animals are facing the danger of 23 (die) out. There’re many reasons. First, their living environment change a lot because of the development of many cities. Also, 24 (pollute) becomes worse and this makes wild animals lose their homes. Second, some people are killing animals 25 getting their fur, skin, teeth and meat. People should do something to help protect 26 (endanger) wild animals. For example, people can build some nature reserves to save wild animals’ 27 (home). Animals can live 28 (free) there. Besides, people 29 (not allow) to kill wild animals. 30 we start protecting our animal friends, our world will become much better. 主题03 人与自我——哲理感悟 Passage 1 （24-25八年级下·广东省深圳市福田区外国语学校·期末） 阅读下面短文，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中所给词语的正确形式填空。 Once in a rich and 1 (peace) country, there lived an unhappy king. He slept badly and didn’t feel like 2 (eat). He often cried for no reason. This made the queen and his people 3 (worry). One day, a doctor 4 (call) in to examine the king. But he found nothing wrong 5 his body. “What he needs is the shirt of a happy person to wear. That’ll make him happy.” said the doctor. The prime minister and the king’s banker were called to the palace. But they both said they were not happy. 6 (lose) his power was what the prime minister worried about while the banker was afraid 7 losing his money. Then, the king’s top general was told 8 (go) out and find a happy man in three days. He searched and searched, but he couldn’t find anyone that was truly happy. Two days passed, just as he was about to give up, he saw a poor man eating with his hands and singing 9 (happy) on the street. The general went up to him and asked, “What makes you so happy? You have no power, money or fame.” The poor man answered, “I have everything I want, 10 I don’t want what I can’t have. So I’m happy.” Then the general asked the man if he could buy his shirt for the king. The poor man laughed and said he didn’t own any shirts at all. Passage 2 （24-25八年级下·广东深圳市龙岗区龙岗中心学校·期末） 阅读下面短文，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中所给词语的正确形式填空。 Mia was a talented girl in surfing. She 11 (teach) to surf when she was a little girl. She was recently preparing for a surf team tryout (选拔). In order 12 (perform) well, Mia and her dad spent hours at the beach practising every weekend. On the day of the tryout, Mia and her dad arrived at the beach early. There were seven other girls for the tryout. Alice, another talented girl at their school, also took part 13 it. She was Mia’s biggest challenge, so Mia was a little nervous. When the competition began, Mia took 14 deep breath and went out into the water to catch the waves. At first, Mia met an early-breaking wave and fell behind Alice. But Mia kept trying. Little by little, Mia nearly caught up with Alice. Just when there were five minutes left, Mia caught the 15 (big) wave of the day. If she did well on this wave, she would win first place. But 16 (sudden), Alice cut in and took Mia’s line. If Mia kept catching the wave, she would crash into Alice. At that moment, Mia remembered what her dad had told her: surfing is also about treating other 17 (surfer) kindly. Therefore, even though she was so close to 18 (win), she decided to give up the last wave. Finally, she lost the game, 19 she felt surprisingly relaxed. After the competition, Mia’s dad told her that everyone saw what Mia did and 20 (cheer) for her. The coach (教练) also thought Mia had a true surfer spirit. In the end, Mia became a member of the surf team. Passage3 （24-25八年级下·广东省深圳市观澜二中·期末） 阅读下面短文，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中所给词语的正确形式填空。 Once there lived a wise and hard-working man. 21 , his son was lazy and did nothing all day. The wise man was worried about his son’s future. One day he 22 (hand) his son a bag with clothes, some food, a little money and a map to ask him to find some treasure. The son set out the next day. Along the way, he 23 (help) by some with food and by some with rooms to live in. After a long year, he got to the place his father mentioned. He spent two days 24 (look) for the treasure, but he failed. On the way back home, he experienced 25 same scenery. Sometimes, he would stop 26 (enjoy) the beauty of nature. He also learnt to make 27 (meal) and even fix his clothes himself. He met the people who had helped him 28 (early). This time, he stayed and helped them in order to repay them. When he got home, he said sorry to his father 29 not finding the treasure “There wasn’t any treasure in the very 30 (one) place, my son.” the father answered with a smile. “But I think you have found your life’s true purpose.” Passage 4 （24-25八年级下·广东省深圳市华附集团·期末） 阅读下面短文，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中所给词语的正确形式填空。 I grew up in America. When I was a child, other kids often laughed at me. They made fun of me for 31 (be) short. Even as an adult, I sometimes heard words about 32 (I) height. It wasn’t fun, but I’ve learned how 33 (find) a way out over time. It’s usually not 34 big problem. In fact, it seems that women are more nervous than men when it comes to body-image problems in China. A perfect Chinese woman 35 (describe) as “tall and thin”—but in real life, not everyone can achieve (实现) this. I have some 36 (friend) that are women here, and they often complain (抱怨) about themselves because of this. It’s really too bad when I think they look beautiful. 37 , Chinese men don’t seem to receive much attention (注意) about how they look—people seem to care more about men’s incomes (收入) or jobs. Sometimes I’m asked questions 38 others, questions like “How much do you make?” or “What’s your job?” Not many people appear to care if I’m a bit fat or short. Our biggest critics (批评者) are ourselves. If you don’t feel good about your body, don’t be too hard on yourself. You can’t magically make yourself taller or 39 (thin), but you can go into the outside world confidently. No matter 40 you look like on the outside, if you know you are beautiful, nothing can change that. 主题01 人与社会——科普知识 Passage 1 （24-25八年级下·广东深圳市宝安区海湾中学·期末） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 People have different ways of greeting each other. They might shake 1 (hand), kiss or hug. But do you ever wonder 2 dogs say hello? If you are a dog lover, you already know the answer 3 this question. When you arrive home, your dog 4 (jump) up into your lap. It wags its tail, and sometimes gives you wet kisses. Like humans, dogs have five senses: smell, touch, sight, hearing and taste. Humans use sight as the main sense for 5 (recognize) one another. But dogs have poor eyesight. They use smell to recognize others. A dog’s sense of smell is much 6 (good) than a human’s. It is through its sense of smell that tells the 7 (different) between different people. Smell 8 (use) by dogs to recognize other dogs, too. They tell 9 differences by the smell of pee and pooh. When two dogs meet, they smell each other’s noses. Then they go side to side, and smell each other’s butts. By 10 (smell) its friend’s behind, a dog knows who it is with. That is also why dogs smell everything they can on the road. By smelling grass, trees and signposts, dogs know which other neighborhood dogs have been around. Passage 2 （24-25八年级下·广东省深圳市光明区部分学校联考·期末） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 What makes a great science fiction (or “sci-fi”)? The post-1980s sci-fi writer Bao Shu gave his answer. His 11 (impress) work Our Martians won a Science Fiction Planet Award recently. Knowledge plus imagination Since many different subjects such as social problems, technology and philosophy (哲学) 12 (include) in a science fiction, sci-fi writers need to know a lot of things. While knowledge forms the “backbone” of 13 sci-fi story, imagination is the “lifeblood” that makes science fiction work. Bao Shu said that not everyone is born good at imagining, but you can train yourself to be good at it. He 14 (give) an example. “If you are simply given the topic: ‘Imagine you become a billionaire (亿万富翁) in 20 years, what would 15 (you) life look like?’ You might just think about what you could buy. But if you imagine a billionaire lost 16 a desert, it can make you think differently and 17 (deep) about the idea,” he said. Inspiration from daily life Bao Shu’s works cover different 18 (topic) such as AI, time loops and space exploration. It sounds quite far from daily life. 19 , most of his ideas come from everyday life. His short story Tasting the Future Delicacy Three Times is about how people use technology 20 (feel) what others feel when they eat. He got the idea from seeing how people are always interested in the taste of food they have never tried. Passage 3 （24-25八年级下·广东省深圳市百合外国语学校·期末） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 In 1901, an Austrian scientist discovered that there are four types of blood. These four types were named A,B,AB, and O. People have one of these four kinds. Blood type O is the most common around the world. Blood type A is the second most common, and type AB is 21 (little) common of all. If people with type A blood are given type B blood, 22 people with type B blood are given type A blood, they will 23 (probable) die. In 1927, a Japanese doctor, Furukawa Takeji, 24 (do) some research. He said that people with type A blood were usually calm and serious; people with type B blood were curious and outgoing; people with type O were generous and honest, while those 25 type AB blood are often caring and careful. Later, a doctor in the United Sates wrote a book that links blood types to 26 people eat. For example, his book advised people with type O blood 27 (eat) more meat and less bread. The book has been a hit（畅销）with people 28 want to lose weight. However, Dr Peter D’Adamo believes that eating food that matches a 29 (person) blood type can do more than help them lose weight. And it will make the person healthier in other 30 (way), too. 主题02 人与社会——中华文化 Passage 1 （24-25八年级下·广东省深圳市盐田区沙头角中学·期末） 阅读下面短文，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中所给词语的正确形式填空。 Lu Yu is a remarkable figure in Chinese history. He lived 1 unusual life during the Tang Dynasty. As a homeless child, he lived in Longgai Temple and studied there, 2 (include) boiling tea. At the age of thirteen, Lu Yu 3 (catch) the attention of Li Qiwu, the Prefect (太守) of Jingling. He not only gave Lu Yu books as gifts but also introduced him 4 a famous teacher. Lu Yu learned from his teacher 5 he was nineteen. He also made good friends with famous people. They often traveled, tasted tea and talked about poems together. At the age of twenty-one, Lu Yu started to explore different kinds of tea. To study tea picking and making well, Lu Yu chose to live a long life of reclusion (隐居) in Tiaoxi for 6 (he). The choice allowed him to understand about tea growing and making more 7 (easy) than others might have been able to. Later, he lived in Miaoxi Temple, where he worked hard on learning about tea. Over years, he finally wrote the book Tea Classic. And it was the first book in the world 8 (study) tea. This book has over seven thousand Chinese words, covering the 9 (describe) from production place, the growing environment of tea trees to the tools and methods used in tea production. Tea Classic has not only shaped the way tea is grown and prepared but also 10 (make) tea drinking more meaningful. Passage 2 （24-25八年级下·广东省深圳市龙华区新华中学·期末） 阅读下面短文，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空。 Lion dancing is a traditional art performance. It is often seen during holidays 11 lions are believed to be auspicious (吉祥的) animals and can help protect people from bad things. In the Song dynasty, 12 performance was brought to the south and mixed with local forms of martial arts to create the Southern style of lion dance, also known as Xingshi (awaking lion). These days, lion dancing has been spreading 13 (wide) than ever before because of worldwide interest in Chinese culture. In 2022, over 50 teams from different 14 (country) took part in the International Dragon and Lion Dance Virtual Competition. While they were performing lion dances, the people around 15 (cheer) excitedly for them. However, 16 (make) a lion head is difficult, so some people are worrying whether we can pass down this skill. It takes at least a week 17 (finish) making a lion head. Besides, hundreds of bamboo strips and over 1,300 steps 18 (need) in this centuries-old artwork. “Young people are not 19 (patience) enough to work around 10 hours a day.” said He Yubin, the inheritor (继承者) of this skill. Still, He is sure that it won’t disappear. Artists like him will work with schools and companies to teach 20 (they) skills to students of all ages. Passage 3 （24-25八年级下·广东省深圳市龙岗区宏扬学校·期末） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Guyu is known as “Grain Rain”. It is the 21 (six) solar term in the traditional Chinese calendar. This year, it starts from April 19. It takes 22 (it) name from the Chinese saying “rain produces hundreds of grains (雨生百谷)”. The name 23 (show) the relationship between weather and farming during this period. As the last solar term in spring, this period sees warmer weather and 24 increase in rainy days. It creates a wonderful environment for plants and animals. For farmers, guyu marks 25 (good) time for planting. “Grain Rain is also a solar term that shows rich traditional Chinese 26 (culture) characteristics (特征),” Chinese culture expert Liu Xiaochang told Cover News. In Chinese mythology, before 2,500 BC, Cang Jie created a set of characters 27 better record-keeping. Following his invention, grains began 28 (rain) down from the sky. Though we do not know if Cang Jie really did create the characters, Grain Rain day 29 (become) a day to honour Cang Jie and the invention of the Chinese language. The United 30 (Nation) set April 20 as the yearly UN Chinese Language Day. It happens right with Grain Rain day, which typically falls between April 19 and 21. Passage 4 （24-25八年级下·广东省深圳实验学校·期末） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The willow branch is a part of the willow tree. In ancient China, willow branches were often used as a parting gift between friends and family 31 (member). Even today, willow branches 32 (mention) in many cases as a symbol of saying goodbye. Do you know 33 ? One reason is that willow trees are strong. They can live 34 (easy) in any place, wet or dry, north or south. 35 of this, giving a willow branch to say goodbye to loved ones is a way to tell them you hope they will get used to 36 (they) new living environment. For another reason, the pronunciation for the willow tree “liu（柳）” is similar 37 the character “liu” in Chinese, which means inviting someone to stay—only the tones are different. So 38 (offer) a willow branch means asking the other party to live for a longer time, even though we know that they must leave. It’s said that this custom became popular during the Han Dynasty. At that time, Baqiao, a bridge in Chang’an, today’s Xi’an, was 39 common place to say goodbye. People often 40 (stop) there and handed willow branches to people who were leaving. 主题03 人与自然——动物与植物 Passage 1 （24-25八年级下·深圳市龙华区实验学校·期末） 阅读下面的短文，在空格处填入一个适当的词或用括号中词语的正确形式填空。 For years, most people believed plants lived quiet, passive (被动的) lives. However, recent research 1 (reveal) a surprising truth: plants are constantly “talking” and interacting in ways we are just beginning to understand. A plant’s primary means of communication is chemical. When attacked by insects, many plants release 2 (chemical) into the air. This is not just a simple reaction; it’s a sophisticated warning system. Neighboring plants that detect these signals then start 3 (produce) their own defensive chemicals. Studies show a plant under threat can communicate 4 (effective) than we once imagined, triggering defenses in plants several meters away. In one key experiment, scientists designed some brilliant experiments 5 (prove) this phenomenon. They placed aphids (蚜虫) on a tomato plant and watched. Soon, nearby, untouched plants also began preparing 6 (them) for attack by raising their toxin levels. This showed the message was being received. The 7 (one) clear evidence came from this simple but clever test. 8 underground network formed by fungi (真菌) acts like the internet, connecting plant roots. Through this “Wood Wide Web,” plants can share nutrients and information. A strong, old tree might, for example, help a weak seedling by sending it sugars 9 this network. 10 this connection is cut, the seedling’s chances of survival drop greatly. This hidden conversation challenges us to look at the plant world with new respect. Plants are not just passive background objects; they are active participants in a complex, silent dialogue that sustains life on Earth. Passage 2 （24-25八年级下·广东深圳奥斯翰外语学校·期末） 阅读下面短文， 按照句子结构语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或用括号中词语的正确形式填空。 A soldier who was at war looked after his horse with great care. He gave it the best grass to eat and 11 (clean) water to drink. He kept its coat clean and covered it with a warm quilt 12 cold nights. As a result, the horse was strong and served the soldier quite well in the World War I. 13 , the soldier changed after the war. He made the horse live in a small and cold stable(马厩) and gave it very little food to eat. The stable had a leaky(漏雨的) roof and a floor made of mud; the water inside was dirty and muddy. The soldier had the horse work hard on his farm, 14 (carry) heavy things every day. After some time, another war broke out. The soldier took out his weapons(武器) and prepared 15 (join) the battle. He went to the stable to lead his horse. He 16 (lay) a leather saddle (马鞍) on its back and rode on it. For a moment, the horse stood there and didn’t move. The soldier kicked it. Then 17 (gradual) its thin legs began to kneel down slowly to the ground. The horse gave the soldier a look of 18 (sad). “Master (主人), ” it said, “you’ll have to fight on foot this time. You have made me work like 19 elephant and fed me like a sheep. I’m no longer the strong horse that you once helped 20 (I) become. Can you see what you’ve done?” Passage 3 （24-25八年级下·广东深圳市南山区育才一中·期末） 阅读下面的短文，在空格处填入一个适当的词或用括号中词语的正确形式填空。 Scientists predict that most polar bears will die out by the year 2100 because of global warming. Polar bears are found in the far north, inside the Arctic Circle. They spend most of their time 21 (live) on the ice which covers the Arctic seas. As the world gets much 22 (hot) because of man-made climate change, the ice cap will be 23 small and thin that the polar bears can’t have enough places to travel and hunt. What’s worse, the Arctic is warming about twice as 24 (quick) as other places. Seals are polar bears’ main food. Polar bears usually catch seals in places   25 the ice meets the water. 26 (catch) seals, the bears need to be able to walk and run across the ice. Polar bears are strong swimmers, 27 they’re not fast enough to catch seals in the water. 28 polar bears, summers are the hardest time. With less ice to travel on, they’re forced to spend more time on land, where there isn’t much food. And rising temperatures in the Arctic are causing the bears to have less areas for hunting. That’s really a matter of life and 29 (die). The scientists believe that in the past few years, polar bears 30 (start) dying out in southern areas of the Arctic, like Canada. To help save polar bears, rapid action is needed to reduce the effect of global heating. Passage 4 （24-25八年级下·广东深圳明德外语实验学校·期末） 阅读下面短文，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空。 About 470 pilot whales (巨头鲸) have been beached in Tasmania, Australia. This has been the 31 (large) whale-beaching event in Tasmania since 1935. People are working hard 32 (save) the whales. Every year, around 2,000 large sea animals, such as dolphins and whales, die because they swim onto 33 beach or into too shallow (浅的) water. It is hard for 34 (they) to swim away. This 35 (know) as “beaching”. Pilot whales and killer whales are some of the most commonly beached whales. Rescue workers are trying to refloat (使……再浮起) the whales so that they can swim away. The job is 36 (especially) challenging because the whales are so large. Pilot whales can grow up to 7 meters long 37 weigh up to 2,300 kg. There are about 60 people in the rescue teams, including 38 (volunteer), the police and workers from the Tasmania Parks and Wildlife Service. Now about 25 whales have been rescued. Since the rescued whales will return to the place again where others are still 39 trouble, workers are trying to make sure that rescued whales don’t get beached again. About 90 whales 40 (die) so far. Rescue efforts are likely to continue for a few more days. / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $