专题02 选必三Units 4～6（期末复习讲义）高二英语下学期外研版

专题02 Units 4~6（期末复习讲义） 内 容 导 航 考情透视·目标导航 透析期末考向，锚定备考重心 知识梳理·方法技巧 梳理核心脉络，扫除知识盲区 考场练兵·分层实战 阶梯实战演练，验收复习成效 复习目标 复习重点： 1.熟练掌握Unit4人工智能与未来生活、Unit5自然仿生与人文、Unit6自然文学与生态核心词汇、短语及固定搭配，辨析易混词形、词义。 2.精通主谓一致（进阶）、非谓语动词综合用法、with复合结构三大核心语法，能在语法填空、完形、写作中灵活运用。 3.掌握单元经典句型、文学类文本句式，读懂科技说明文、自然散文、文学评论等语篇。 4.熟练运用单元话题表达，完成未来生活、自然启示、生态环保类书面表达与口语交际。 复习难点： 1.区分-ing/-ed非谓语动词在不同句式中的功能与逻辑关系。 2.灵活判断集体名词、分数/百分数、不定代词作主语时的主谓单复数。 3.完形填空、阅读理解中熟词生义、短语语境辨析的突破。 4.文学类语篇（诗歌、散文、书评）的主旨提炼与情感理解。 考情规律 1.词汇运用：侧重单元高频词派生、易混短语辨析，常考查convert/transform、stand by/keep to等语境选词。 2.语法填空：必考非谓语动词、主谓一致、介词、定语从句，with复合结构为期末高频考点。 3.句型转换/翻译：常考查非谓语改写、with复合结构造句、高级话题句式仿写。 4.读写题型：阅读偏爱科技说明文、自然散文、文学书评；写作常考未来城市、自然启示、环保倡议类话题。 知识点1 susceptible adj. 易受影响的；敏感的 1.be susceptible to sth 易受……影响/感染；对……敏感 2.派生：susceptibility n. 敏感性；易感性 教材原句：And as they won’t be susceptible to human error, they’ll certainly be a lot safer. ：Young people are more susceptible to online trends. 年轻人更容易受网络潮流影响。 ：sensitive to 对……敏感；allergic to 对……过敏 典例：Children are easily ________ (susceptible) to bad habits.（填susceptible） 知识点2 wipe out 短语精讲 核心含义 1.消灭；摧毁 2. 使灭绝 3. 抵消 教材原句：If not, it might wipe us all out! The flood wiped out the whole village. 洪水摧毁了整个村庄。 wipe off 抹去；擦掉；wipe away 擦去（泪水等） 典例：The ancient culture was almost ________ (wipe) out by war.（填wiped） 知识点3 be bound to 情态固定短语 1. be bound to do 必定；注定；很有可能 2. 同义替换：be sure to / be certain to 教材原句：I reckon that nanorobots are bound to come into use soon. You are bound to succeed if you keep working hard. 坚持努力你一定会成功。 拓展：be bound by 受……约束 The project ________ (bound) to be completed next month.（填is bound） 知识点4 capacity n. 能力；容量；理解力 核心搭配 1.have a capacity for 有……的能力 2.at full capacity 满负荷；全力以赴 3.within one’s capacity 在能力范围内 教材原句：AI has the capacity to analyse vast amounts of data. 派生：capable adj. 有能力的；incapable adj. 无能力的 She has a remarkable ________ (capable) for language learning.（填capacity） 知识点5 with复合结构（Unit4 核心语法） 结构公式：with+宾语+宾补（doing/done/to do/adj/介词短语） 语法功能：在句中作状语（原因、伴随、条件）或定语 教材原句：It's a waste of time with machines doing simple work for humans. 句式解析 1.with+宾语+doing 表主动、进行 2.with+宾语+done 表被动、完成 3.with+宾语+to do 表将来 With the problem solved, we went home happily. 问题解决后，我们开心回家。 典例：With a lot of work ________ (do), I can't go out to play.（填to do） 知识点6 主谓一致（进阶 Unit4 语法重点） 核心规则 1.分数/百分数+of+名词：谓语单复数由名词单复数决定 例：50% of the time was wasted. / 50% of students are hard-working. 2.不定代词none/each/every作主语，谓语用单数 3.集体名词family/class/team：表整体用单数，表成员用复数 教材原句：None of us is prepared for the challenges of AI. Three quarters of the land ________ (be) covered by forests.（填is） 知识点7 take…for granted 固定短语 核心用法 1.take sth for granted 认为……理所当然 2.take sb for granted 不珍惜某人 教材原句：We take natural beauty for granted every day. Never take your parents’ love for granted. 不要把父母的爱视作理所当然。 We often take it for granted that health ________ (be) important.（填is） 知识点8 biomimicry n. 仿生学 核心拓展 1.mimic v. 模仿；效仿 adj. 模仿的 2.draw inspiration from biomimicry 从仿生学获取灵感 教材原句：To use biomimicry is to create structures based on natural forms. Many modern inventions come from biomimicry. 许多现代发明源于仿生学。 Designers often ________ (mimic) natural shapes in their works.（填mimic） 知识点9 convert…into 短语辨析 核心用法 1.convert A into B 把A转化/转换成B 2.同义：transform/change/turn…into 教材原句：The panels capture heat and convert it into energy. Solar power can be converted into electricity. 太阳能可转化为电能。 拓展：convert to 皈依；改用 The old factory ________ (convert) into a park last year.（填was converted） 知识点10 resign oneself to 高级短语 核心含义：顺从；安于；只好接受 用法：resign oneself to (doing) sth 教材原句：Resign yourself to the changes of seasons. He had to resign himself to living a simple life. 他只好安于简朴的生活。 She resigned herself to ________ (fail) the exam.（填failing） 知识点11 alert…to 动词短语 核心用法：alert sb to sth 使某人意识到/警惕某事 教材原句：The book aims to alert people to environmental damage. 派生：alert adj. 警惕的 n. 警报 We should alert teenagers to online risks. 我们应让青少年警惕网络风险。 The warning ________ (alert) us to the coming storm.（填alerts） 知识点12 stand by 多义短语 核心释义 1.支持；坚守 2. 袖手旁观 3. 待命 教材原句：She stood by her research despite criticism. I will always stand by my friends. 我会永远支持朋友。 联想串记：stand for 代表；stand out 突出 We can't ________ (stand by) and watch him suffer.（填stand by） 知识点13 非谓语动词综合用法（Unit5-6 语法核心） 功能分类 1.作主语/宾语/表语（Unit5）：动名词表习惯，不定式表具体 2..作定语/状语/宾补（Unit6）：doing主动进行，done被动完成 教材原句：Creating buildings enables us to live in harmony with nature.（动名词作主语） Falling leaves are beautiful.（现在分词作定语） ________ (learn) from nature is a wise choice.（填Learning） 知识点14 fault y adj. 有故障的；有缺陷 派生拓展 1.fault n. 缺点；过错 v. 指责 2.faulty equipment 故障设备 教材原句：It was faulty robotics that caused the prison breakout. The machine stopped because of a ________ (fault) part.（填faulty） 知识点15 consistent adj. 一致的；始终如一的 固定搭配：be consistent with 与……一致 教材原句：His words are not consistent with his actions. 派生：consist v. 由……组成；consistency n. 一致性 Your opinion should ________ (consistent) with the fact.（填be consistent） 知识点16 单元经典长难句解析 1.教材原句：Festivals are becoming more and more commercial, with businesses taking advantage of the celebrations. 解析：本句为主系表结构，with businesses taking advantage 为with复合结构作伴随状语；take advantage of 利用。 2.教材原句：It is strange that AI can beat human players in many fields. 解析：It作形式主语，that从句为真正主语，主谓一致用单数。 3.教材原句：Amazed by the beauty of nature, many writers create great works. 解析：过去分词amazed作原因状语，逻辑主语为many writers。 基础通关练（测试时间：10分钟） 一、单句语法填空（10题） 1.None of the members ________ (know) the secret. 2.With the work ________ (finish), we went home happily. 3.She is susceptible ________ colds in winter. 4.We should not take health for ________ (grant). 5.The project is bound ________ (be) a great success. 6.70 percent of the earth ________ (cover) by water. 7.The old house ________ (convert) into a museum last year. 8.________ (draw) inspiration from nature is popular among artists. 9.He resigned himself to ________ (live) alone. 10.We must alert people ________ the danger of pollution. 二、单词拼写 11.The robot has the c________ to finish hard work. 12.We should learn b________ from nature designs. 13.His speech is c________ with his belief. 14.The f________ machine needs repairing at once. 15.W________ out the bad habits is necessary for students. 【答案】1.knows 2. finished 3. to 4. granted 5. to be 6.is covered 7. was converted 8. Drawing 9. living 10. to 11.capacity 12. biomimicry 13. consistent 14. faulty 15. Wiping 重难突破练（测试时间：20分钟） 一、单项选择 1．（25-26高二下·天津滨海新区·期中）The situation is unstable and ________ dangerous. A．deliberately B．passionately C．potentially D．desperately 【答案】C 【详解】句意：局势并不稳定，且具有潜在的危险性。A. deliberately故意地；B. passionately热情地；C. potentially潜在地；D. desperately极度地。根据前文“The situation is unstable”可知，局势不稳定，所以，存在潜在危险。 2．（23-24高二下·天津河西·期中）His __________ to absorb information is amazing. A．psychology B．violence C．stability D．capacity 【答案】D 【详解】考查名词词义辨析 。句意：他吸收信息的能力令人惊叹。A. psychology心理学； B. violence暴力； C. stability稳定性； D. capacity能力。根据“absorb information”可知，他吸收信息的能力令人惊叹。故选D项。 3．（23-24高二下·甘肃兰州·月考）I recently signed up to a _________ newsletter that is emailed on the first and last Friday of every month. A．bimonthly B．weekly C．biweekly D．yearly 【答案】A 【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我最近订阅了一份每月两刊的（半月刊）时事通讯，它在每个月的第一个和最后一个星期五通过电子邮件发送。A. bimonthly两个月一次的，每月两次的；B. weekly每周的；C. biweekly两周一次的；D. yearly每年的。根据后文“is emailed on the first and last Friday of every month”可知订阅了一份每月两刊的时事通讯（半月刊的时事通讯），故选A。 4．（22-23高二下·广东茂名·单元测试）The team deserved ______ the championship because they played much better than any of the other teams. A．won B．to win C．wining D．to be won 【答案】B 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：这支球队理应赢得冠军，因为他们比其他任何一支球队都打得好。分析句子结构可知，句中已含有谓语动词，且没有连接词，此处需要使用非谓语动词，短语deserve to do“值得做”，使用不定式作宾语，结合句意可知the team与win之间为主动关系。故选B项。 5．（25-26高二上·天津滨海新·月考）Many a young scientist ________ himself to the AI development, making China take the lead in the field. A．devoted B．have devoted C．was devoting D．has devoted 【答案】D 【详解】考查主谓一致和时态。句意：许多青年科学家都投身于人工智能的发展，使中国在该领域处于领先地位。根据语境可知，句子描述的是“投身人工智能发展”这个动作带来了“中国领先”的结果和影响，应用现在完成时；“many a + 单数名词”，虽意为“许多”，但作主语时谓语动词须用单数形式，用来强调个体。故选D项。 二、选词填空 （24-25高二下·福建福州·月考）阅读材料，根据语境，在空白处选择填入单词的正确形式。（有一个单词多余） found, automatic, consequent, encounter, potential, indicate, apparent, critical, leak, track, case 6． for lack of documentary evidence, Modi has to hide some of the anger that has been seen on his face. 7．As is often the , anything is possible for those who hang on to hope. 8．The politician the news to the newspapers on purpose just now. 9．We will benefit from remote-controlled houses. 10．During the final exam, the last question is to determining the overall grade. 11．As a botanist, he takes notes on the properties of any plant he . 12．The door will lock after 30 seconds if you don’t close it manually. 13．As a of sending in his application late, he did not get a patent for his invention, which was not surprising at all. 14．There is a great deal of evidence that music activities engage different parts of the brain. 15．The society we aspire to is on the highest principles of religion and education. 【答案】 6．Apparently 7．case 8．leaked 9．potentially 10．critical 11．encounters 12．automatically 13．consequence 14．indicating 15．founded 【解析】6．考查副词。句意：显然，由于缺乏文件证据，莫迪不得不掩饰他脸上的一些愤怒。空处应用副词，修饰其后的介词短语。根据“for lack of documentary evidence, Modi has to hide some of the anger”可知，莫迪掩饰愤怒是由于缺乏证据，这是显然的情况。apparent意为“显然的”，其副词形式为apparently，意为“显然”。故填Apparently。 7．考查名词。句意：情况常常如此，对于那些坚持希望的人来说，一切皆有可能。as is often the case意为“情况常常如此”。故填case。 8．考查动词时态。句意：这位政治家刚才故意把消息泄露给报纸。空处作句子的谓语，应用动词。根据“the news to the newspapers on purpose”可知，这里指泄露消息，应用leak，意为“泄露”。根据“just now”可知，这里应用一般过去时。故填leaked。 9．考查副词。句意：我们可能会从遥控房屋中受益。空处应用副词，修饰谓语will benefit。根据“We will”和“benefit from remote-controlled houses”可知，这里指将来可能得情况，应用potential(潜在的，可能的)的副词形式potentially(可能地)。故填potentially。 10．考查形容词。句意：在期末考试中，最后一个问题对决定整体成绩至关重要。根据“to determining the overall grade”可知，这里指最后一个问题对决定整体成绩至关重要，critical意为“至关重要的”。be critical to...意为“对……至关重要”。故填critical。 11．考查动词时态。句意：作为一名植物学家，他会记录下他遇到的任何植物的特性。空处作plant后面从句的谓语，应用动词。根据“he takes notes on the properties of any plant he”可知，这里指他记录任何遇到的植物的特性。encounter意为“遇到”。根据句意和takes可知，这里指一般性的情况，应用一般现在时。主语为he，谓语用单数。故填encounters。 12．考查副词。句意：如果你不手动关闭，门会在30秒后自动锁上。空处应用副词，修饰谓语will lock。根据“lock after 30 seconds if you don’t close it manually”可知，这里指门自动上锁。automatic意为“自动的”，其副词automatically意为“自动地”。故填automatically。 13．考查名词。句意：由于迟交申请，他没有为自己的发明获得专利，这一点也不奇怪。空前有a，空处应用名词。根据“As a ________of sending in his application late, he did not get a patent for his invention”可知，这里表示原因，由于迟交申请。consequent意为“作为结果的”，其名词consequence意为“结果，后果”，as a consequence of...意为“由于……”。故填consequence。 14．考查非谓语动词。句意：大量证据表明，音乐活动涉及大脑的不同部位。根据“a great deal of evidence”和“that music activities engage different parts of the brain”可知，这里表示大量证据表明的情况，indicate意为“表明，显示”。本句为there be句型，所以空处用非谓语动词。a great deal of evidence和indicate之间是主谓关系，所以应用现在分词作后置定语。故填indicating。 15．考查动词语态。句意：我们所向往的社会是以宗教和教育的最高原则为基础的。be founded on...意为“建立在……的基础上”。故填founded。 综合拓展练（测试时间：10分钟） （25-26高二下·江苏南京·阶段检测）A garden constructed with “humble” clay fashioned into 3D-printed bricks has claimed the first green medal at the Chelsea Flower Show for being the most environmentally sustainable design. The Chelsea Flower Show, a celebrated global event held annually at Chelsea, London, has been a cornerstone of the gardening calendar since 1913. It began as a way to showcase the latest trends in gardening and plant varieties. The Environmental Innovation Award is the first of its sort and goes along with the gold, silver and bronze medals awarded to the most attractive and interesting gardens. Giulio Giorgi, a first-time Chelsea designer, stated he created the green-medal-winning garden with no concrete. Most gardens contain concrete in some form and the materials they are built from often generate the highest carbon footprint. While the employment of pollinator-friendly plants, wild areas and sensible use of water are well-known easy ways to make a garden more sustainable, Giorgi said it was crucial to focus on the building materials as their carbon footprint was often overlooked. “We typically use a lot of metal, glue, cement and then all the energy we have to put in to build the gardens. The material in our garden is low-temperature-fired clay, a resource that can be found pretty much everywhere. We made this clay into 3D-printed bricks, connecting ancient tradition with novel practices so carbon emissions are the lowest possible, if any. The bricks, peppered with tiny holes, can absorb water and release it when drought strikes plants,” said Giorgi. Judges considered end-of-life plans for the gardens and whether materials could be reused. The 3D-printed nature of Giorgi’s garden means it can easily be taken apart and put together again. As a result, when it is relocated to RHS Garden Wisley, where it will live on after the show as an educational facility, the carbon emissions will be low as no materials will be wasted. 16．What do we know about the Chelsea Flower Show? A．It values sustainability as well as appeal. B．Its initial aim was to encourage outdoor fitness. C．It requires competing gardens to be concrete-free. D．It has a longstanding tradition of promoting clean energy. 17．What advantage does clay have over other building materials according to Giorgi? A．It catches fire less easily. B．It has a longer lifespan. C．It takes less labor to produce. D．It’s eco-friendly and more available. 18．What will become of Giorgi’s garden after the show? A．It’ll be sold publicly. B．It’ll serve as an urban landmark. C．It’ll be turned into a school. D．It’ll come into play in another spot. 19．What can be the best title for the text? A．Clay Bricks: Recyclable Building Material B．Chelsea Flower Show: Celebration of Gardening C．Garden with Clay Bricks: Winner of Green Medal D．Giulio Giorgi: Designer Enthusiastic about High-Tech 【答案】16．A 17．D 18．D 19．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍用黏土制成的3D打印砖块打造的花园，获切尔西花展首个绿色奖章，并介绍了花展和花园设计的环保特点。 16．细节理解题。根据文章第一段“A garden constructed with “humble” clay fashioned into 3D-printed bricks has claimed the first green medal at the Chelsea Flower Show for being the most environmentally sustainable design.(一座由“不起眼”的黏土制成的3D打印砖块建造的花园因其最具环境可持续性的设计在切尔西花展上获得了首个绿色奖章)”以及第二段中“The Environmental Innovation Award is the first of its sort and goes along with the gold, silver and bronze medals awarded to the most attractive and interesting gardens.(环境创新奖是此类奖项中的第一个，与颁发给最具吸引力和趣味性花园的金、银、铜牌一同颁发)”可知，切尔西花展既重视可持续性，又重视花园的吸引力。故选A项。 17．细节理解题。根据文章第五段中“The material in our garden is low-temperature-fired clay, a resource that can be found pretty much everywhere. We made this clay into 3D-printed bricks, connecting ancient tradition with novel practices so carbon emissions are the lowest possible, if any.(我们花园里的材料是低温烧制的粘土，这种资源几乎随处可见。我们将这种粘土制成3D打印砖，将古老的传统与新颖的做法相结合，从而尽可能降低碳排放，如果有的话)”可知，与其他建筑材料相比，粘土更环保且更容易获取。故选D项。 18．细节理解题。根据文章最后一段中“As a result, when it is relocated to RHS Garden Wisley, where it will live on after the show as an educational facility, the carbon emissions will be low as no materials will be wasted.(因此，当它被搬迁到英国皇家园艺学会威斯利花园（RHS Garden Wisley），在展览结束后作为一个教育设施继续存在时，碳排放将很低，因为不会浪费任何材料)”可知，展览结束后，Giorgi的花园将被搬迁到另一个地方继续发挥作用。故选D项。 19．主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“A garden constructed with “humble” clay fashioned into 3D-printed bricks has claimed the first green medal at the Chelsea Flower Show for being the most environmentally sustainable design.(一个由“普通”粘土制成3D打印砖建造的花园，因其是最环保的设计而在切尔西花展上获得了第一枚绿色奖章)”及全文内容可知，文章核心围绕“用黏土3D打印砖建造的花园获得切尔西花展首枚绿色奖牌”展开，既介绍了花园的建材特点，也提及展会相关信息及花园后续去向。C选项“Garden with Clay Bricks: Winner of Green Medal(黏土砖花园：绿色奖牌得主)”准确概括核心内容，是文章的最佳标题。故选C项。 四、语法填空 （24-25高二下·河南洛阳·期末）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 In recent years, China has made remarkable progress in human biology research, 20 has drawn global attention. One significant achievement lies in the field of gene 21 (edit) technology. Scientists in China, working with international teams, have made good use of the CRISPR-Cas9 system. For example, they 22 (apply) it to studying genetic diseases, aiming to find potential cures. Their research has led to a better understanding of how to 23 (accurate) modify genes related to inherited (遗传的) disorders, bringing hope to countless patients and their families. Another remarkable area 24 (be) the study of the human microbiome(微生物组).Chinese researchers have been exploring the complex relationships between the microorganisms in the human body and human health. They’ve discovered that the gut microbiome, for instance, plays a crucial role 25 digestion, immunity, and even mental health. This research could potentially lead to new treatments for digestive problems and immune-related disorders. In addition, China has made great efforts in stem cell (干细胞) research. Scientists are working on using stem cells to repair 26 (damage) tissues and organs. Some pre-clinical 27 (trial) have shown promising results in treating conditions like spinal cord injuries and degenerative diseases. These advancements not only contribute to 28 development of human biology but also have the 29 (capable) to improve human health and betterment significantly in the future. 【答案】 20．which 21．editing 22．have applied 23．accurately 24．is 25．in 26．damaged 27．trials 28．the 29．capability 【导语】本文为一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国在人类生物学研究领域取得的显著进展。 20．考查定语从句。句意：近年来，中国在人类生物学研究领域取得了显著进展，这一成就引起了全球的关注。此处引导非限制性定语从句，先行为remarkable progress in human biology research，指物，在定语从句中作主语，故应用which引导，故填which。 21．考查非谓语动词。句意：一项重要的成就是基因编辑技术领域的突破。此处意为“基因编辑技术”，表达为gene editing technology，故应用动名词editing作定语，修饰technology，故填editing。 22．考查时态。句意：例如，他们已经将其应用于遗传疾病的研究，旨在寻找潜在的治疗方法。此处作谓语动词，主语为they，为复数，与apply之间为主动关系，陈述过去动作对现在造成的影响，此处应用现在完成时，故填have applied。 23．考查副词。句意：他们的研究使我们更好地理解了如何准确地改进与遗传性疾病相关的基因，为无数患者及其家庭带来了希望。此处修饰动词modify，故应用副词“accurately准确地”作状语，故填accurately。 24．考查时态。句意：另一个引人注目的领域是人类微生物组的研究。此处作谓语动词，主语为Another remarkable area，为单数，且根据前文“One significant achievement lies in”可知，此处介绍另一个领域，故也应用一般现在时，陈述客观事实，故填is。 25．考查介词。句意：例如，他们发现肠道微生物组在消化、免疫甚至心理健康方面发挥着至关重要的作用。此处意为“在……种发挥着重要的作用”，表达为play a crucial role in，故此处应用介词in，故填in。 26．考查形容词。句意：科学家们正在研究如何使用干细胞修复受损的组织和器官。此处作定语，修饰名词tissues，意为“受损的”，故应用形容词damaged作定语，故填damaged。 27．考查名词的数。句意：一些临床前试验在治疗脊髓损伤和退行性疾病等方面显示出了良好的效果。此处“trial试验”为可数名词，且根据空前的修饰词some以及空后的谓语动词have shown可知，此处应用名词的复数作主语，故填trials。 28．考查冠词。句意：这些进展不仅推动了人类生物学的发展，还具有在未来显著改善人类健康和福祉的潜力。此处特指“生物学方面的发展”，故应用定冠词the修饰名词development，故填the。 29．考查名词。句意：同上。此处作have的宾语，故应用名词“capability”，故填capability。 1 / 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题02 Units 4~6（期末复习讲义） 内 容 导 航 考情透视·目标导航 透析期末考向，锚定备考重心 知识梳理·方法技巧 梳理核心脉络，扫除知识盲区 考场练兵·分层实战 阶梯实战演练，验收复习成效 复习目标 复习重点： 1.熟练掌握Unit4人工智能与未来生活、Unit5自然仿生与人文、Unit6自然文学与生态核心词汇、短语及固定搭配，辨析易混词形、词义。 2.精通主谓一致（进阶）、非谓语动词综合用法、with复合结构三大核心语法，能在语法填空、完形、写作中灵活运用。 3.掌握单元经典句型、文学类文本句式，读懂科技说明文、自然散文、文学评论等语篇。 4.熟练运用单元话题表达，完成未来生活、自然启示、生态环保类书面表达与口语交际。 复习难点： 1.区分-ing/-ed非谓语动词在不同句式中的功能与逻辑关系。 2.灵活判断集体名词、分数/百分数、不定代词作主语时的主谓单复数。 3.完形填空、阅读理解中熟词生义、短语语境辨析的突破。 4.文学类语篇（诗歌、散文、书评）的主旨提炼与情感理解。 考情规律 1.词汇运用：侧重单元高频词派生、易混短语辨析，常考查convert/transform、stand by/keep to等语境选词。 2.语法填空：必考非谓语动词、主谓一致、介词、定语从句，with复合结构为期末高频考点。 3.句型转换/翻译：常考查非谓语改写、with复合结构造句、高级话题句式仿写。 4.读写题型：阅读偏爱科技说明文、自然散文、文学书评；写作常考未来城市、自然启示、环保倡议类话题。 知识点1 susceptible adj. 易受影响的；敏感的 1.be susceptible to sth 易受……影响/感染；对……敏感 2.派生：susceptibility n. 敏感性；易感性 教材原句：And as they won’t be susceptible to human error, they’ll certainly be a lot safer. ：Young people are more susceptible to online trends. 年轻人更容易受网络潮流影响。 ：sensitive to 对……敏感；allergic to 对……过敏 典例：Children are easily ________ (susceptible) to bad habits. 知识点2 wipe out 短语精讲 核心含义 1.消灭；摧毁 2. 使灭绝 3. 抵消 教材原句：If not, it might wipe us all out! The flood wiped out the whole village. 洪水摧毁了整个村庄。 wipe off 抹去；擦掉；wipe away 擦去（泪水等） 典例：The ancient culture was almost ________ (wipe) out by war. 知识点3 be bound to 情态固定短语 1. be bound to do 必定；注定；很有可能 2. 同义替换：be sure to / be certain to 教材原句：I reckon that nanorobots are bound to come into use soon. You are bound to succeed if you keep working hard. 坚持努力你一定会成功。 拓展：be bound by 受……约束 The project ________ (bound) to be completed next month. 知识点4 capacity n. 能力；容量；理解力 核心搭配 1.have a capacity for 有……的能力 2.at full capacity 满负荷；全力以赴 3.within one’s capacity 在能力范围内 教材原句：AI has the capacity to analyse vast amounts of data. 派生：capable adj. 有能力的；incapable adj. 无能力的 She has a remarkable ________ (capable) for language learning. 知识点5 with复合结构（Unit4 核心语法） 结构公式：with+宾语+宾补（doing/done/to do/adj/介词短语） 语法功能：在句中作状语（原因、伴随、条件）或定语 教材原句：It's a waste of time with machines doing simple work for humans. 句式解析 1.with+宾语+doing 表主动、进行 2.with+宾语+done 表被动、完成 3.with+宾语+to do 表将来 With the problem solved, we went home happily. 问题解决后，我们开心回家。 典例：With a lot of work ________ (do), I can't go out to play. 知识点6 主谓一致（进阶 Unit4 语法重点） 核心规则 1.分数/百分数+of+名词：谓语单复数由名词单复数决定 例：50% of the time was wasted. / 50% of students are hard-working. 2.不定代词none/each/every作主语，谓语用单数 3.集体名词family/class/team：表整体用单数，表成员用复数 教材原句：None of us is prepared for the challenges of AI. Three quarters of the land ________ (be) covered by forests. 知识点7 take…for granted 固定短语 核心用法 1.take sth for granted 认为……理所当然 2.take sb for granted 不珍惜某人 教材原句：We take natural beauty for granted every day. Never take your parents’ love for granted. 不要把父母的爱视作理所当然。 We often take it for granted that health ________ (be) important. 知识点8 biomimicry n. 仿生学 核心拓展 1.mimic v. 模仿；效仿 adj. 模仿的 2.draw inspiration from biomimicry 从仿生学获取灵感 教材原句：To use biomimicry is to create structures based on natural forms. Many modern inventions come from biomimicry. 许多现代发明源于仿生学。 Designers often ________ (mimic) natural shapes in their works. 知识点9 convert…into 短语辨析 核心用法 1.convert A into B 把A转化/转换成B 2.同义：transform/change/turn…into 教材原句：The panels capture heat and convert it into energy. Solar power can be converted into electricity. 太阳能可转化为电能。 拓展：convert to 皈依；改用 The old factory ________ (convert) into a park last year. 知识点10 resign oneself to 高级短语 核心含义：顺从；安于；只好接受 用法：resign oneself to (doing) sth 教材原句：Resign yourself to the changes of seasons. He had to resign himself to living a simple life. 他只好安于简朴的生活。 She resigned herself to ________ (fail) the exam. 知识点11 alert…to 动词短语 核心用法：alert sb to sth 使某人意识到/警惕某事 教材原句：The book aims to alert people to environmental damage. 派生：alert adj. 警惕的 n. 警报 We should alert teenagers to online risks. 我们应让青少年警惕网络风险。 The warning ________ (alert) us to the coming storm. 知识点12 stand by 多义短语 核心释义 1.支持；坚守 2. 袖手旁观 3. 待命 教材原句：She stood by her research despite criticism. I will always stand by my friends. 我会永远支持朋友。 联想串记：stand for 代表；stand out 突出 We can't ________ (stand by) and watch him suffer. 知识点13 非谓语动词综合用法（Unit5-6 语法核心） 功能分类 1.作主语/宾语/表语（Unit5）：动名词表习惯，不定式表具体 2..作定语/状语/宾补（Unit6）：doing主动进行，done被动完成 教材原句：Creating buildings enables us to live in harmony with nature.（动名词作主语） Falling leaves are beautiful.（现在分词作定语） ________ (learn) from nature is a wise choice. 知识点14 fault y adj. 有故障的；有缺陷 派生拓展 1.fault n. 缺点；过错 v. 指责 2.faulty equipment 故障设备 教材原句：It was faulty robotics that caused the prison breakout. The machine stopped because of a ________ (fault) part. 知识点15 consistent adj. 一致的；始终如一的 固定搭配：be consistent with 与……一致 教材原句：His words are not consistent with his actions. 派生：consist v. 由……组成；consistency n. 一致性 Your opinion should ________ (consistent) with the fact. 知识点16 单元经典长难句解析 1.教材原句：Festivals are becoming more and more commercial, with businesses taking advantage of the celebrations. 解析：本句为主系表结构，with businesses taking advantage 为with复合结构作伴随状语；take advantage of 利用。 2.教材原句：It is strange that AI can beat human players in many fields. 3.教材原句：Amazed by the beauty of nature, many writers create great works. 基础通关练（测试时间：10分钟） 一、单句语法填空（10题） 1.None of the members ________ (know) the secret. 2.With the work ________ (finish), we went home happily. 3.She is susceptible ________ colds in winter. 4.We should not take health for ________ (grant). 5.The project is bound ________ (be) a great success. 6.70 percent of the earth ________ (cover) by water. 7.The old house ________ (convert) into a museum last year. 8.________ (draw) inspiration from nature is popular among artists. 9.He resigned himself to ________ (live) alone. 10.We must alert people ________ the danger of pollution. 二、单词拼写 11.The robot has the c________ to finish hard work. 12.We should learn b________ from nature designs. 13.His speech is c________ with his belief. 14.The f________ machine needs repairing at once. 15.W________ out the bad habits is necessary for students. 重难突破练（测试时间：20分钟） 一、单项选择 1．（25-26高二下·天津滨海新区·期中）The situation is unstable and ________ dangerous. A．deliberately B．passionately C．potentially D．desperately 2．（23-24高二下·天津河西·期中）His __________ to absorb information is amazing. A．psychology B．violence C．stability D．capacity 3．（23-24高二下·甘肃兰州·月考）I recently signed up to a _________ newsletter that is emailed on the first and last Friday of every month. A．bimonthly B．weekly C．biweekly D．yearly 4．（22-23高二下·广东茂名·单元测试）The team deserved ______ the championship because they played much better than any of the other teams. A．won B．to win C．wining D．to be won 5．（25-26高二上·天津滨海新·月考）Many a young scientist ________ himself to the AI development, making China take the lead in the field. A．devoted B．have devoted C．was devoting D．has devoted 二、选词填空 （24-25高二下·福建福州·月考）阅读材料，根据语境，在空白处选择填入单词的正确形式。（有一个单词多余） found, automatic, consequent, encounter, potential, indicate, apparent, critical, leak, track, case 6． for lack of documentary evidence, Modi has to hide some of the anger that has been seen on his face. 7．As is often the , anything is possible for those who hang on to hope. 8．The politician the news to the newspapers on purpose just now. 9．We will benefit from remote-controlled houses. 10．During the final exam, the last question is to determining the overall grade. 11．As a botanist, he takes notes on the properties of any plant he . 12．The door will lock after 30 seconds if you don’t close it manually. 13．As a of sending in his application late, he did not get a patent for his invention, which was not surprising at all. 14．There is a great deal of evidence that music activities engage different parts of the brain. 15．The society we aspire to is on the highest principles of religion and education. 综合拓展练（测试时间：10分钟） （25-26高二下·江苏南京·阶段检测）A garden constructed with “humble” clay fashioned into 3D-printed bricks has claimed the first green medal at the Chelsea Flower Show for being the most environmentally sustainable design. The Chelsea Flower Show, a celebrated global event held annually at Chelsea, London, has been a cornerstone of the gardening calendar since 1913. It began as a way to showcase the latest trends in gardening and plant varieties. The Environmental Innovation Award is the first of its sort and goes along with the gold, silver and bronze medals awarded to the most attractive and interesting gardens. Giulio Giorgi, a first-time Chelsea designer, stated he created the green-medal-winning garden with no concrete. Most gardens contain concrete in some form and the materials they are built from often generate the highest carbon footprint. While the employment of pollinator-friendly plants, wild areas and sensible use of water are well-known easy ways to make a garden more sustainable, Giorgi said it was crucial to focus on the building materials as their carbon footprint was often overlooked. “We typically use a lot of metal, glue, cement and then all the energy we have to put in to build the gardens. The material in our garden is low-temperature-fired clay, a resource that can be found pretty much everywhere. We made this clay into 3D-printed bricks, connecting ancient tradition with novel practices so carbon emissions are the lowest possible, if any. The bricks, peppered with tiny holes, can absorb water and release it when drought strikes plants,” said Giorgi. Judges considered end-of-life plans for the gardens and whether materials could be reused. The 3D-printed nature of Giorgi’s garden means it can easily be taken apart and put together again. As a result, when it is relocated to RHS Garden Wisley, where it will live on after the show as an educational facility, the carbon emissions will be low as no materials will be wasted. 16．What do we know about the Chelsea Flower Show? A．It values sustainability as well as appeal. B．Its initial aim was to encourage outdoor fitness. C．It requires competing gardens to be concrete-free. D．It has a longstanding tradition of promoting clean energy. 17．What advantage does clay have over other building materials according to Giorgi? A．It catches fire less easily. B．It has a longer lifespan. C．It takes less labor to produce. D．It’s eco-friendly and more available. 18．What will become of Giorgi’s garden after the show? A．It’ll be sold publicly. B．It’ll serve as an urban landmark. C．It’ll be turned into a school. D．It’ll come into play in another spot. 19．What can be the best title for the text? A．Clay Bricks: Recyclable Building Material B．Chelsea Flower Show: Celebration of Gardening C．Garden with Clay Bricks: Winner of Green Medal D．Giulio Giorgi: Designer Enthusiastic about High-Tech 四、语法填空 （24-25高二下·河南洛阳·期末）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 In recent years, China has made remarkable progress in human biology research, 20 has drawn global attention. One significant achievement lies in the field of gene 21 (edit) technology. Scientists in China, working with international teams, have made good use of the CRISPR-Cas9 system. For example, they 22 (apply) it to studying genetic diseases, aiming to find potential cures. Their research has led to a better understanding of how to 23 (accurate) modify genes related to inherited (遗传的) disorders, bringing hope to countless patients and their families. Another remarkable area 24 (be) the study of the human microbiome(微生物组).Chinese researchers have been exploring the complex relationships between the microorganisms in the human body and human health. They’ve discovered that the gut microbiome, for instance, plays a crucial role 25 digestion, immunity, and even mental health. This research could potentially lead to new treatments for digestive problems and immune-related disorders. In addition, China has made great efforts in stem cell (干细胞) research. Scientists are working on using stem cells to repair 26 (damage) tissues and organs. Some pre-clinical 27 (trial) have shown promising results in treating conditions like spinal cord injuries and degenerative diseases. These advancements not only contribute to 28 development of human biology but also have the 29 (capable) to improve human health and betterment significantly in the future. 1 / 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $