专题01 形容词副词的比较级和最高级（暑假复习讲义）新八年级英语新教材鲁教版（五四学制）

专题01 形容词副词的比较级和最高级 内容导航 01 复习目标→ 明考向、知权重、晓关联、以目标导学，以考向定标 02 知识重构 → 系统讲解核心知识，重构整合形成体系 脉络重构：快速扫描高频考点，定位薄区 典例破题：精选例题，呈现思路点拨+规范解答+方法提炼 巩固提升：趁热打铁练一练，强化巩固所学 03综合通关 → 综合演练，梯度设题；查漏补缺，闭环收官 知识点 常考考点 命题风向 比较级 1. 词形：规则 + 不规则变形 2. 句型：than、越来越…、越… 越… 3. much/even 等修饰比较级 单选、词形填空；完形、写作辨析事物差别 最高级 1. 词形变化同比较级 2. the + 最高级 + in/of 范围 3. one of + 最高级 + 名词复数 单选、词形填空；完形、作文描述最优事物 脉｜络｜重｜构 考｜点｜精｜讲 一、变化规则（形容词、副词变化规则完全通用） （一）规则变化 4 大类 1.一般单词：词尾直接加 - er（比较级）、-est（最高级） 适用：绝大多数单音节、部分双音节词 例：tall (形)→taller→tallest；fast (副)→faster→fastest；quick→quicker→quickest 2.单词以不发音字母 e 结尾：只加 - r、-st 例：nice→nicer→nicest；late (形 / 副)→later→latest；large→larger→largest 3.重读闭音节：结构「辅音 + 元音 + 辅音」结尾 → 双写末尾辅音 + er/est 口诀：一元一辅结尾，重读要双写 例：big→bigger→biggest；hot→hotter→hottest；thin→thinner→thinnest；red→redder→reddest 4.辅音字母 + y 结尾：变 y 为 i，再加 - er/-est；元音 + y 直接加 辅音 + y：happy→happier→happiest；easy→easier→easiest；busy→busier→busiest 元音 + y（ay/ey）：gay→gayer→gayest；grey→greyer→greyest （二）不规则变化（中考必考 5 组，无变形规律，死记） 原级 词性 比较级 最高级 释义区分 good / well 形 / 副 better best good (形容词好的)；well (副词好地 / 身体好) bad / ill 形容词 worse worst bad 坏的；ill 生病的 many / much 形 / 代词 more most many + 可数名词；much + 不可数 / 修饰动词 little 形 / 代词 less least 少（修饰不可数名词） far 形 / 副 farther/further farthest/furthest farther 侧重「距离更远」；further 侧重「程度更深、进一步」 二、比较级完整讲解（用于两者人 / 事物对比，A 和 B 二者比较） 1. 基础核心句型：A + 比较级 + than + B 含义：A 比 B 更……（than 是比较级标志性单词，看到 than 优先用比较级） 形容词例句：She is taller than her sister. 她比她姐姐高。 副词例句：He jumps higher than Tom. 他跳得比汤姆高。 补充：than 后面用人称代词宾格（me/him/her） 2. 比较级专用修饰词（必考） much /a lot /far/even + 比较级 → …… 得多、甚至更…… a little /a bit + 比较级 → …… 一点点 例：much colder 冷得多；a little cheaper 便宜一点；even heavier 甚至更重 不能用 very/quite 修饰比较级（易错考点） 3. 两大必考特殊句式 1.比较级 + and + 同形比较级：越来越…… 单音节词：taller and taller 越来越高；faster and faster 越来越快 多音节词：more and more beautiful 越来越漂亮 2.The + 比较级，the + 比较级：越……，就越…… 例：The more you read, the wiser you will be. 读书越多，你就越聪慧。 4. 易错细节：同一范围对比要排除自身 比较对象不能包含自己，用 other/else Shanghai is bigger than any other city in China. 上海比中国其他任何城市大（不能说 than any city，否则自己和自己比） 三、最高级完整讲解（三者及以上，在一群人 / 事物里选之最） 1. 冠词使用规则  形容词最高级前面必须加 the；  副词最高级前面 the 可加可省略 例： She is the shortest in our class.（形容词，必须 the） Lucy runs (the) fastest in the team.（副词，the 可省） 2. 范围标志词（看到 in/of 大概率用最高级） ① in + 地点 / 集体（大范围）：in our school /in China ② of + 同类复数名词（同类群体）：of all girls /of the three 例：He is the tallest of the boys. 3. 三大固定必考句型 1.one of + the + 最高级 + 可数名词复数：最…… 之一（中考高频） 例：Beijing is one of the biggest cities in China. 2.the + 序数词 + 最高级 + 单数名词：第几最…… 例：the second longest river 第二长河 3.否定含义：“最不……”→the least + 原级 the least interesting 最无趣的 4. 最高级省略 the 的特殊情况 最高级前有形容词性物主代词 (my/your/his/her/our)、名词所有格时，去掉 the 例：my happiest day 我最快乐的一天（不加 the） 四、原级配套句型（对比基准，和比较级联动考查） 1.as + 形容词 / 副词原级 + as：和…… 一样 Tom runs as fast as Jack. 汤姆跑得和杰克一样快。 2.not as/so + 原级 + as：不如……（否定句常用 so） Lily is not so careful as Lucy. 莉莉不如露西细心。 五、中考易混小总结 1.两者→比较级 (than)；三者及以上→最高级 (in/of) 2.much 修饰比较级；very 修饰原级 3.多音节词：比较级加 more，最高级加 most（beautiful→more beautiful→most beautiful） 【典例破题】 Of all the students in our class, Mike writes ______ . A. more carefully B. most carefully C. more careful D. most careful 【命题解读】 1. 考点三合一：①形、副辨析；②比较级/最高级选用；③多音节词变形规则。 2. 线索：Of all the students（全班所有人，三者以上）→用最高级； 修饰动词writes「书写」→要用副词，排除形容词C、D。 3. 多音节副词careful变副词carefully，最高级前面加most。 出题意图：区分形容词/副词、区分比较级&最高级，是各地期中期末、中考高频题型。 【易错警示】 ① 看到Of all/in+范围，误用比较级more（错选A）； ② 分不清修饰动词用副词，误用形容词形式careful（错选C/D）； ③ 多音节词错误加-est，写成carefullest（拼写误区）。 【巩固提升1】 Linda sings ______ in her group, so many classmates like her songs. A. better B. best C. good D. well 【巩固提升2】 Tom runs ______ than any other boy in Class Two. A. more quickly B. most quickly C. quicker D. quickest 【巩固提升3】 This story is ______ of the three stories. A. more interesting B. most interesting C. interesting D. much interesting 一、单项选择 1．I think Mount Taishan is not only ________ than the other mountains in Shandong, but also ________ of all. A．higher; the most beautiful B．the highest; more beautiful C．high; the most beautiful D．higher; more beautiful 2．________ junk food you eat, ________ you will be. A．The less; the healthier B．The more; the healthier C．The less; the more healthier D．The more; the more healthier 3．The earthquake in Sichuan was ________ than the one in Yunnan last year, but the rescue work was more efficient. A．serious B．more serious C．most serious D．the most serious 4．________ you study, ________ grades you will get. A．Hard；good B．The hard；the good C．The harder；the better D．The hardest；the best 5．Tom plays the piano ________, but Mike plays it even ________. A．bad; worse B．badly; worse C．bad; worst D．badly; worst 6．This lake is about 200 ________ than that one. A．meter deep B．meters deep C．meter deeper D．meters deeper 7．—Now the air in our city is even ________ than it was before. —So we must do something to stop it. A．bad B．worse C．worst D．the worst 8．—Do you know Shanghai is one of ________ cities in the world? —Yes, it’s bigger than ________ city in China. A．the biggest; any other B．the biggest; the other C．bigger; any other D．bigger; the other 9．—Did you have fun at the learning workshop last week? —Yes. I’ve never been to_______one before. A．a more interesting B．the most excited C．a more interested D．the more interesting 10．Bob is ________ of the two boys. A．tall B．taller C．the taller D．the tallest 11．Losing her trust was the ________ experience of my life. A．more hurtful B．most hurtful C．more patient D．most patient 12．It's one of ________ things in the world to stay with family members. A．the happiest B．the happier C．happier D．happy 13．Mount Qomolangma is the ________ mountain in the world. A．high B．higher C．highest D．more high 14．Doubao has become one of ________ APPs in China. A．popular B．more popular C．the most popular D．most popular 15．Of all the shirts, I’d like to choose (选择) the ________ one to save some money for a cap. A．cheapest B．cheaper C．more expensive D．most expensive 16．Beijing is one of ________ cities in the world. A．more beautiful B．the more beautiful C．most beautiful D．the most beautiful 17．China is one of ________ countries in the world. A．strong B．stronger C．strongest D．the strongest 18．This book is ________ interesting ________ that one. I like both. A．as; as B．so; than C．so; as D．as; than 19．Is this dish as ________ as the one we had yesterday? A．delicious B．deliciously C．more delicious D．more deliciously 20．Cooking hot pot is just ________ fun as eating it. A．as B．so C．more D．less 21．Steve works not as ________ as Kelly. He often makes mistakes in his writing. A．careless B．more carefully C．carefully D．most carefully 22．The girl in red sings ________ than the girl in blue. A．well B．good C．best D．better 23．The more carefully we prepare for natural disasters, ________ we can deal with them. A．easily B．more easily C．the more easily 24．To go to a better high school, you need to work ________ than before. A．more hardly B．harder C．hardlier D．more hard 25．She sings ________ than her sister. A．loud B．louder C．loudly D．more loudly 26．Tom runs ________ than any other student in his grade. A．fast B．faster C．fastest D．the fastest 27．He plays the guitar ________ than his friend. A．good B．well C．better D．best 28．—Who ran ________ in the 800-metre race, Daniel, Glenn or Frank? —Daniel. He got first place. A．fast B．faster C．fastest 29．Among all the students, Linda sang ________ in the school choir competition. A．beautiful B．more beautiful C．most beautifully D．beautifully 30．—Who got first prize in this competition? —Of course Tom did. He worked ________ among us. A．hard B．harder C．hardest D．most hard 二、单词拼写 31．Which do you like ________ (well), apples, oranges or pears? 32．Bill jumped the ________ (far) of all the players in the match. How excellent he was! 33．He got up ________ (early) than his sister. 34．Emma works ________ (hard) than Ella. 35．Daniel is the ________ (clever) student in our class. 36．The skirt is ________ (expensive) of the three. 37．Emperor penguins can grow up to 1.2 meters tall, and they are the ________ (large) of all the penguin kinds. 38．My mum cooks the ________ (delicious) noodles in the world. I love her food best. 39．Her shoes are ________ (small) than mine. 40．The weather today is ________ (hot) than it was yesterday. 三、语法填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 There were two brothers named Ed and Ted. They always competed against each other. Although Ted tried hard every time, Ed always did 41 (good) than him. Ed was one year older than his brother Ted, so he was a little 42 (tall) than Ted. Ed always got up earlier, did homework more 43 (quick) , and got better grades. Ed and Ted both loved sports. When they played basketball, Ed always 44 (jump) higher. When they ran, Ed always ran faster than his brother. Ted was going to give 45 competing because his big brother was always better at everything. He 46 (think) he would never win. One day, Ed and Ted were very 47 (tire) and hungry after playing soccer. Mom called 48 (they) back in the house for dinner. After dinner, Ed and Ted went to do the 49 (dish). Mom said Ted did better than Ed. It was a small thing, but Ted felt very 50 (happy). He knew he could also do something better than his brother. 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Do you have close friends? Having close friends is one of the best things in 51 (we) life. In fact, everyone should have them. If you have close friends, you can always have someone to work and share with. For example, I am an outgoing girl, 52 my friend Karen is quiet. Of all my friends, I think Karen is the most talented in music. Karen and I like to write songs together. Karen can also sing 53 (beautiful). What’s more, she is 54 (hard-working) than me. She gives me 55 useful saying, “The harder you work, the luckier you will be.” Another reason for having close friends is that they can cheer you up. They try their best 56 (do) this whenever you are sad. For example, when I 57 (get) a bad grade in my maths test last week, my friend Rick told jokes to make me 58 (laugh) and decided to help me learn maths twice a week. Now I feel much 59 (good). 60 his help, I think I will make progress soon. Close friends help us enjoy life and get out of trouble. Life is better with close friends! 四、阅读理解 ① Alice and Emily are good friends who have many things in common, but they also have some differences. ② Both of them love sports, but Alice is more athletic than Emily. She runs faster and jumps higher. Emily is more interested in team sports like basketball and volleyball, while Alice prefers individual sports like running and swimming. ③ For hobbies, they both enjoy reading, but they have different tastes. Alice likes reading science fiction books, which are more imaginative and exciting. Emily prefers reading historical novels, as she thinks they are more educational and interesting. They often exchange books with each other, which helps them understand each other’s interests better. ④ When it comes to school, they are both good students. Emily is better at math and science, while Alice excels in literature and art. Emily spends more time on her homework, while Alice finishes her work more quickly. However, they both believe that learning is important and always encourage each other to study hard. ⑤ Although they have some differences, Alice and Emily are always there for each other. They think that their differences make their friendship more interesting and colorful. Individual means relating to one person or thing, rather than to a large group. 61．Which of the following is true about Alice and Emily? ① They both love sports but have different preferences in sports. ② They both like reading and have the same taste in books. ③ They are both good students but have different academic strengths. ④ They don’t like each other’s differences. A．①② B．①③ C．②④ D．③④ 62．How do Alice and Emily feel about their differences? A．They think their differences make their friendship boring. B．They believe their differences make their friendship more interesting. C．They try to change each other’s interests. D．They avoid talking about their differences. 63．What can we know about Emily from the passage? A．She finishes her homework quickly. B．She is better at literature than Alice. C．She spends more time on her homework than Alice. D．She dislikes reading historical novels. 64．What’s the structure of the passage? A． B． C． D． In most places in the world, winter brings shorter days and colder weather. At this time of the year, there is usually less food for animals. However, they deal with this problem in different ways. Some animals save food so that they have it in winter. Squirrels and some kinds of birds keep nuts and seeds in trees and other safe places. Honeybees make enough honey before winter. To prepare for winter, some animals eat more than they need during the warmer months and store (贮存) the extra (额外的) food as body fat. This fat acts as energy during the cold months. For example, beavers store extra fat to prepare for winter. One way animals spend the winter is by becoming dormant. These animals may look like they are sleeping, but they are saving energy in this way. Chipmunks (花栗鼠) are less active during the winter. They move very little and only come out sometimes to eat. Animals like bats and snakes go into a deep sleep called hibernation (冬眠). During hibernation, their body temperature drops and their breathing slows down. This helps them save energy. Some bears also slow down in winter but they do not hibernate fully. Their body temperature does not drop as much, but they can still go months without eating. Some animals, like wild geese, fly to warmer places. Rabbits grow thicker fur (软毛) to stay warm. By using these smart ways, animals can live through the hard times of winter. 根据材料内容选择最佳答案。 65．What do beavers do to prepare for winter? A．They sleep all season. B．They grow thicker fur. C．They go to warmer places. D．They save energy in their bodies. 66．What does the underlined word “dormant” in Paragraph 4 mean? A．Not smart. B．Not active. C．Not patient. D．Not sleepy. 67．What happens to the bat’s body temperature during hibernation? A．It drops. B．It rises. C．It stays the same. D．It goes up and down greatly. 68．Which of the following best shows the structure of the passage? (①=Paragraph 1…) A．①/②/③④⑤⑥⑦ B．①/②③④⑤⑥/⑦ C．①/②③④/⑤⑥⑦ D．①/②③④⑤/⑥⑦ 69．Why did the writer write the passage? A．To show us how smart animals can be. B．To introduce the problems of animals to us. C．To tell us how animals go through winter. D．To call on us to protect different kinds of animals. 19 / 21 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题01 形容词副词的比较级和最高级 内容导航 01 复习目标→ 明考向、知权重、晓关联、以目标导学，以考向定标 02 知识重构 → 系统讲解核心知识，重构整合形成体系 脉络重构：快速扫描高频考点，定位薄区 典例破题：精选例题，呈现思路点拨+规范解答+方法提炼 巩固提升：趁热打铁练一练，强化巩固所学 03综合通关 → 综合演练，梯度设题；查漏补缺，闭环收官 知识点 常考考点 命题风向 比较级 1. 词形：规则 + 不规则变形 2. 句型：than、越来越…、越… 越… 3. much/even 等修饰比较级 单选、词形填空；完形、写作辨析事物差别 最高级 1. 词形变化同比较级 2. the + 最高级 + in/of 范围 3. one of + 最高级 + 名词复数 单选、词形填空；完形、作文描述最优事物 脉｜络｜重｜构 考｜点｜精｜讲 一、变化规则（形容词、副词变化规则完全通用） （一）规则变化 4 大类 1.一般单词：词尾直接加 - er（比较级）、-est（最高级） 适用：绝大多数单音节、部分双音节词 例：tall (形)→taller→tallest；fast (副)→faster→fastest；quick→quicker→quickest 2.单词以不发音字母 e 结尾：只加 - r、-st 例：nice→nicer→nicest；late (形 / 副)→later→latest；large→larger→largest 3.重读闭音节：结构「辅音 + 元音 + 辅音」结尾 → 双写末尾辅音 + er/est 口诀：一元一辅结尾，重读要双写 例：big→bigger→biggest；hot→hotter→hottest；thin→thinner→thinnest；red→redder→reddest 4.辅音字母 + y 结尾：变 y 为 i，再加 - er/-est；元音 + y 直接加 辅音 + y：happy→happier→happiest；easy→easier→easiest；busy→busier→busiest 元音 + y（ay/ey）：gay→gayer→gayest；grey→greyer→greyest （二）不规则变化（中考必考 5 组，无变形规律，死记） 原级 词性 比较级 最高级 释义区分 good / well 形 / 副 better best good (形容词好的)；well (副词好地 / 身体好) bad / ill 形容词 worse worst bad 坏的；ill 生病的 many / much 形 / 代词 more most many + 可数名词；much + 不可数 / 修饰动词 little 形 / 代词 less least 少（修饰不可数名词） far 形 / 副 farther/further farthest/furthest farther 侧重「距离更远」；further 侧重「程度更深、进一步」 二、比较级完整讲解（用于两者人 / 事物对比，A 和 B 二者比较） 1. 基础核心句型：A + 比较级 + than + B 含义：A 比 B 更……（than 是比较级标志性单词，看到 than 优先用比较级） 形容词例句：She is taller than her sister. 她比她姐姐高。 副词例句：He jumps higher than Tom. 他跳得比汤姆高。 补充：than 后面用人称代词宾格（me/him/her） 2. 比较级专用修饰词（必考） much /a lot /far/even + 比较级 → …… 得多、甚至更…… a little /a bit + 比较级 → …… 一点点 例：much colder 冷得多；a little cheaper 便宜一点；even heavier 甚至更重 不能用 very/quite 修饰比较级（易错考点） 3. 两大必考特殊句式 1.比较级 + and + 同形比较级：越来越…… 单音节词：taller and taller 越来越高；faster and faster 越来越快 多音节词：more and more beautiful 越来越漂亮 2.The + 比较级，the + 比较级：越……，就越…… 例：The more you read, the wiser you will be. 读书越多，你就越聪慧。 4. 易错细节：同一范围对比要排除自身 比较对象不能包含自己，用 other/else Shanghai is bigger than any other city in China. 上海比中国其他任何城市大（不能说 than any city，否则自己和自己比） 三、最高级完整讲解（三者及以上，在一群人 / 事物里选之最） 1. 冠词使用规则  形容词最高级前面必须加 the；  副词最高级前面 the 可加可省略 例： She is the shortest in our class.（形容词，必须 the） Lucy runs (the) fastest in the team.（副词，the 可省） 2. 范围标志词（看到 in/of 大概率用最高级） ① in + 地点 / 集体（大范围）：in our school /in China ② of + 同类复数名词（同类群体）：of all girls /of the three 例：He is the tallest of the boys. 3. 三大固定必考句型 1.one of + the + 最高级 + 可数名词复数：最…… 之一（中考高频） 例：Beijing is one of the biggest cities in China. 2.the + 序数词 + 最高级 + 单数名词：第几最…… 例：the second longest river 第二长河 3.否定含义：“最不……”→the least + 原级 the least interesting 最无趣的 4. 最高级省略 the 的特殊情况 最高级前有形容词性物主代词 (my/your/his/her/our)、名词所有格时，去掉 the 例：my happiest day 我最快乐的一天（不加 the） 四、原级配套句型（对比基准，和比较级联动考查） 1.as + 形容词 / 副词原级 + as：和…… 一样 Tom runs as fast as Jack. 汤姆跑得和杰克一样快。 2.not as/so + 原级 + as：不如……（否定句常用 so） Lily is not so careful as Lucy. 莉莉不如露西细心。 五、中考易混小总结 1.两者→比较级 (than)；三者及以上→最高级 (in/of) 2.much 修饰比较级；very 修饰原级 3.多音节词：比较级加 more，最高级加 most（beautiful→more beautiful→most beautiful） 【典例破题】 Of all the students in our class, Mike writes ______ . A. more carefully B. most carefully C. more careful D. most careful 【命题解读】 1. 考点三合一：①形、副辨析；②比较级/最高级选用；③多音节词变形规则。 2. 线索：Of all the students（全班所有人，三者以上）→用最高级； 修饰动词writes「书写」→要用副词，排除形容词C、D。 3. 多音节副词careful变副词carefully，最高级前面加most。 出题意图：区分形容词/副词、区分比较级&最高级，是各地期中期末、中考高频题型。 【易错警示】 ① 看到Of all/in+范围，误用比较级more（错选A）； ② 分不清修饰动词用副词，误用形容词形式careful（错选C/D）； ③ 多音节词错误加-est，写成carefullest（拼写误区）。 【巩固提升1】 Linda sings ______ in her group, so many classmates like her songs. A. better B. best C. good D. well 答案：B 解析：in her group（组内全部人，≥3人）→最高级；修饰动词sings用副词；good不规则变化well→better→best。 【巩固提升2】 Tom runs ______ than any other boy in Class Two. A. more quickly B. most quickly C. quicker D. quickest 答案：A 解析：than标志→比较级；修饰动词runs用副词quickly；多音节副词比较级加more。 【巩固提升3】 This story is ______ of the three stories. A. more interesting B. most interesting C. interesting D. much interesting 答案：B 解析：of the three（三者）→最高级；形容词作表语，多音节interesting最高级加most。 一、单项选择 1．I think Mount Taishan is not only ________ than the other mountains in Shandong, but also ________ of all. A．higher; the most beautiful B．the highest; more beautiful C．high; the most beautiful D．higher; more beautiful 【答案】A 【详解】句意：我认为泰山不仅比山东的其他山更高，而且也是所有山中最美丽的。 higher更高，the most beautiful最美丽的；the highest最高的；more beautiful更美丽的；high高的。第一空，根据“than”可知，此处应填形容词比较级higher；第二空，根据“of all”可知，此处应填形容词最高级the most beautiful。 2．________ junk food you eat, ________ you will be. A．The less; the healthier B．The more; the healthier C．The less; the more healthier D．The more; the more healthier 【答案】A 【详解】句意：你吃的垃圾食品越少，你就会越健康。 the+比较级…，the+比较级…表示“越……，就越……。healthy的比较级是healthier，根据常识，少吃垃圾食品对身体更好，应填The less；the healthier。 3．The earthquake in Sichuan was ________ than the one in Yunnan last year, but the rescue work was more efficient. A．serious B．more serious C．most serious D．the most serious 【答案】B 【详解】句意：四川的地震比去年云南的那次地震更严重，但救援工作更高效。 根据“than”可知，此处应用形容词的比较级。serious的比较级是more serious。 4．________ you study, ________ grades you will get. A．Hard；good B．The hard；the good C．The harder；the better D．The hardest；the best 【答案】C 【详解】句意：你学习越努力，成绩就会越好。    “the+比较级，the+比较级”是固定结构，意为“越……，越……”。hard“努力地”的比较级是harder，good“好的”的比较级是better。应填The harder；the better。 5．Tom plays the piano ________, but Mike plays it even ________. A．bad; worse B．badly; worse C．bad; worst D．badly; worst 【答案】B 【详解】句意：汤姆弹钢琴弹得很差，但迈克弹得甚至更差。 第一空：修饰动词plays需用副词badly，bad为形容词，不能修饰动词。第二空：even常用来修饰比较级，表示“甚至更……”，此处是Tom和Mike的比较，应用比较级worse而非最高级worst。 6．This lake is about 200 ________ than that one. A．meter deep B．meters deep C．meter deeper D．meters deeper 【答案】D 【详解】句意：这个湖比那个湖大约深200米。 根据句中的“than”可知，deep用比较级形式，排除A、B。200大于1，meter用名词复数形式，排除C答案，D符合句意。 7．—Now the air in our city is even ________ than it was before. —So we must do something to stop it. A．bad B．worse C．worst D．the worst 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——现在我们城市的空气甚至比以前更糟了。——所以我们必须做点什么来阻止它。 根据than可知此处应用比较级,结合“So we must do something to stop it.”可知空气状况变差，需用bad的比较级worse。 8．—Do you know Shanghai is one of ________ cities in the world? —Yes, it’s bigger than ________ city in China. A．the biggest; any other B．the biggest; the other C．bigger; any other D．bigger; the other 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——你知道上海是世界上最大的城市之一吗？——是的，它比中国任何其他城市都大。 第一空，固定结构“one of + the + 形容词最高级 + 复数名词”意为“最……之一”，句中已有“cities”，应用最高级the biggest。第二空，上海属于中国城市，比较时需排除自身，用“any other + 单数名词”表示“任何其他的……”，即any other city。 9．—Did you have fun at the learning workshop last week? —Yes. I’ve never been to_______one before. A．a more interesting B．the most excited C．a more interested D．the more interesting 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——你上周在学习研讨会上玩得开心吗？——是的。我以前从未参加过比这更有趣的一个。 a more interesting一个更有趣的；the most excited最兴奋的；a more interested一个更感兴趣的；the more interesting更有趣的。根据“I’ve never been to...one before”可知，此处是“否定词+比较级”表示最高级的用法，意为“从未去过比这更有趣的（即这是最有趣的）”。修饰事物“one（workshop）”应用interesting而非interested，且此处为泛指一个，应用不定冠词a。 10．Bob is ________ of the two boys. A．tall B．taller C．the taller D．the tallest 【答案】C 【详解】句意：鲍勃是这两个男孩中较高的一个。 tall高的；taller较高的；the taller较高的那个；the tallest最高的。根据“of the two boys”可知是两者之间的比较，应用比较级；当特指两者中“较……的一个”时，比较级前需加定冠词the。 11．Losing her trust was the ________ experience of my life. A．more hurtful B．most hurtful C．more patient D．most patient 【答案】B 【详解】句意：失去她的信任是我一生中最痛苦的经历。 more hurtful更令人伤心的；most hurtful最令人伤心的；more patient更有耐心的；most patient最有耐心的。根据“Losing her trust”可知是负面经历，排除patient；根据“of my life”可知是在一生所有经历中进行比较，应用最高级most，排除比较级more。应填most hurtful。 12．It's one of ________ things in the world to stay with family members. A．the happiest B．the happier C．happier D．happy 【答案】A 【详解】句意：和家人待在一起是世界上最幸福的事情之一。 the happiest最幸福的；the happier无此搭配；happier更幸福的；happy幸福的。根据固定句型“one of the + 形容词最高级 + 名词复数”，表示“最……的……之一”，可知此处应用最高级形式。 13．Mount Qomolangma is the ________ mountain in the world. A．high B．higher C．highest D．more high 【答案】C 【详解】句意：珠穆朗玛峰是世界上最高的山峰。 high高的，原级，用于描述一般高度；higher比较级，用于两者之间的比较；highest最高级，用于三者及以上范围的比较。句中“in the world (在世界上)”表示范围是“三者及以上”，因此要用形容词最高级，故选highest。 14．Doubao has become one of ________ APPs in China. A．popular B．more popular C．the most popular D．most popular 【答案】C 【详解】句意：豆包已经成为中国最受欢迎的应用程序之一。 popular受欢迎的；more popular更受欢迎的；the most popular最受欢迎的；most popular最受欢迎的。固定结构"one of + the + 形容词最高级 + 可数名词复数"，表示“……中最……之一”。popular是多音节形容词，其最高级形式为the most popular，且最高级前需加定冠词the。 15．Of all the shirts, I’d like to choose (选择) the ________ one to save some money for a cap. A．cheapest B．cheaper C．more expensive D．most expensive 【答案】A 【详解】句意：在这些衬衫中，我想选最便宜的那件，省点钱买一顶帽子。 cheapest最便宜的（最高级）；cheaper更便宜的（比较级）；more expensive更贵的（比较级）；most expensive最贵的（最高级）。“Of all the shirts”（所有衬衫中，三者及以上比较）和“to save some money”（为了省钱）可知，需选择价格最低的且范围为所有衬衫，应用最高级，应填cheapest。 16．Beijing is one of ________ cities in the world. A．more beautiful B．the more beautiful C．most beautiful D．the most beautiful 【答案】D 【详解】句意：北京是世界上最美丽的城市之一。 形容词最高级的固定结构“one of the+形容词最高级+复数名词”，表示“最……之一”，后面的形容词必须用最高级形式，且前面要加定冠词the；beautiful是多音节形容词，其最高级变化规则是the most+形容词原级。 17．China is one of ________ countries in the world. A．strong B．stronger C．strongest D．the strongest 【答案】D 【详解】句意：中国是世界上最强大的国家之一。 strong强大的；stronger更强大的；strongest最强大的；the strongest最强大的。根据“one of ... countries”可知，此处是“one of the+形容词最高级+名词复数”结构，表示“最……之一”，最高级前需加定冠词the。应填the strongest。 18．This book is ________ interesting ________ that one. I like both. A．as; as B．so; than C．so; as D．as; than 【答案】A 【详解】句意：这本书和那本书一样有趣。两本我都喜欢。 考查形容词原级比较结构。as…as和……一样；so…than 搭配错误；so...as通常用于否定句；as…than搭配错误。根据“I like both”可知，两本书程度相当，应该用“as+形容词原级+as”结构，表示“和……一样”。故选 A。 19．Is this dish as ________ as the one we had yesterday? A．delicious B．deliciously C．more delicious D．more deliciously 【答案】A 【详解】句意：这道菜和我们昨天吃的那道一样美味吗？ “as+形容词/副词原级+as”表示“和……一样”，中间必须用原形，be动词is后接形容词作表语。应填delicious。 20．Cooking hot pot is just ________ fun as eating it. A．as B．so C．more D．less 【答案】A 【详解】句意：煮火锅和吃火锅一样有趣。 as像；so如此；more更多；less更少。“as+形容词/副词原级+as”表示“和……一样……”，是固定结构。此处“fun”是形容词，用“as...as”结构，符合语境。应填as。 21．Steve works not as ________ as Kelly. He often makes mistakes in his writing. A．careless B．more carefully C．carefully D．most carefully 【答案】C 【详解】句意：史蒂夫工作不像凯利那么认真。他经常在写作中犯错误。 careless形容词，粗心的；more carefully副词比较级，更细心地；carefully副词原级，细心地；most carefully副词最高级，最细心地。修饰动词works需用副词，排除A；not as…as中间用原级。应填carefully。 22．The girl in red sings ________ than the girl in blue. A．well B．good C．best D．better 【答案】D 【详解】句意：穿红色衣服的女孩比穿蓝色衣服的女孩唱得更好。 well好，副词；good好的，形容词；best最好的/地，最高级；better更好的/地，比较级。句中有than，应用比较级；修饰动词sings，用副词well的比较级better。 23．The more carefully we prepare for natural disasters, ________ we can deal with them. A．easily B．more easily C．the more easily 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我们对自然灾害准备得越仔细，我们就能越容易地应对它们。 根据前半句“The more carefully”可知，此处应用“The+比较级，the+比较级”结构，表示“越……，就越……”；修饰动词短语“deal with”应用副词，easily的比较级是more easily，结合结构需加the，即用“the more easily”。 24．To go to a better high school, you need to work ________ than before. A．more hardly B．harder C．hardlier D．more hard 【答案】B 【详解】句意：为了去一所更好的高中，你需要比以前更努力地学习。 hard努力地；困难的，harder更努力地，hardly几乎不；简直不。than是比较级的标志词，hard的比较级是harder。 25．She sings ________ than her sister. A．loud B．louder C．loudly D．more loudly 【答案】B 【详解】句意：她唱歌比她姐姐更大声。 loud大声地；louder更大声地；loudly大声地；more loudly更响亮地。根据“than”可知，空处需使用比较级，loud可作副词修饰表示发声的动词sings，单音节词的比较级为louder；loudly侧重“喧闹嘈杂”，不符合此处比较唱歌音量的语境。 26．Tom runs ________ than any other student in his grade. A．fast B．faster C．fastest D．the fastest 【答案】B 【详解】句意：汤姆跑得比他年级中任何其他学生都更快。 根据句中关键词“than”可知，此处表示两者之间的比较，应用副词fast的比较级形式faster修饰动词runs。 27．He plays the guitar ________ than his friend. A．good B．well C．better D．best 【答案】C 【详解】句意：他弹吉他比他的朋友弹得更好。 good好的（形容词）；well好地（副词）；better更好（比较级）；best最好（最高级）。根据空后的标志词“than”可知，此处是在“他”和“他的朋友”两者之间进行对比，需使用比较级形式。空处用于修饰前面的实义动词“plays”，需用副词，副词well的比较级为better。应选用better。 28．—Who ran ________ in the 800-metre race, Daniel, Glenn or Frank? —Daniel. He got first place. A．fast B．faster C．fastest 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——丹尼尔、格伦和弗兰克谁在800米比赛中跑得最快？——丹尼尔。他得了第一名。 fast快地；faster更快地；fastest最快地。根据“Daniel, Glenn or Frank”可知是三者之间进行比较，应用最高级。应填fastest。 29．Among all the students, Linda sang ________ in the school choir competition. A．beautiful B．more beautiful C．most beautifully D．beautifully 【答案】C 【详解】句意：在所有学生中，琳达在学校合唱比赛中唱得最动听。 beautifully 动听地。根据“sang”可知修饰动词需用副词，排除 A、B；根据“Among all the students”可知是三者及以上比较，需用最高级。故用most beautifully。 30．—Who got first prize in this competition? —Of course Tom did. He worked ________ among us. A．hard B．harder C．hardest D．most hard 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——谁在这次比赛中得了第一名？——当然是汤姆。他在我们当中工作最努力。 根据“among us”可知是在三者或三者以上之间进行比较，应用最高级，hard的最高级为hardest。 二、单词拼写 31．Which do you like ________ (well), apples, oranges or pears? 【答案】best 【详解】句意：苹果、橘子还是梨，你最喜欢哪个？句中给出三个选项（apples, oranges, pears），表示三者之间进行比较，应用副词well的最高级best。 32．Bill jumped the ________ (far) of all the players in the match. How excellent he was! 【答案】farthest 【详解】句意：比尔在本次比赛所有选手中跳得最远，他太出色了！句中比较范围是“of all the players”，属于三者及以上的比较，因此要用最高级；far表示“远”，此处修饰动词jumped，指跳跃的实际距离，应填副词far的最高级形式farthest。 33．He got up ________ (early) than his sister. 【答案】earlier 【详解】句意：他比他妹妹起得更早。原句中“got up”和“than”是关键词，提示空格处需填副词的比较级形式。括号内提示词early为副词，其比较级为earlier（变y为i加er）。故填earlier。 34．Emma works ________ (hard) than Ella. 【答案】harder 【详解】句意：艾玛比艾拉工作更努力。 than是比较级的标志，所以副词hard需要变成它的比较级形式，故填 harder。 35．Daniel is the ________ (clever) student in our class. 【答案】cleverest 【详解】句意：丹尼尔是我们班最聪明的学生。句中“in our class”表示在班级范围内，要用形容词的最高级形式。“clever”是形容词，意为“聪明的”，其最高级形式是“cleverest”。 36．The skirt is ________ (expensive) of the three. 【答案】the most expensive 【详解】句意：这条裙子是三件中最贵的。根据“of the three”可知，此处表示三者及以上比较，要用形容词最高级；expensive是多音节词，最高级形式为the most expensive。 37．Emperor penguins can grow up to 1.2 meters tall, and they are the ________ (large) of all the penguin kinds. 【答案】largest 【详解】句意：帝企鹅可以长到1.2米高，是所有企鹅种类中最大的。句中“of all the penguin kinds”表示在所有企鹅种类这一范围内进行比较，此处应用形容词最高级形式，large的最高级是largest“最大的”。 38．My mum cooks the ________ (delicious) noodles in the world. I love her food best. 【答案】most delicious 【详解】句意：我妈妈做的面条是世界上最好吃的。我最爱她做的食物。句中出现了范围词“in the world”，表示在三者以上的范围中进行比较，需要使用形容词的最高级形式。delicious是多音节形容词，其最高级形式需要在前面加most，且最高级前通常需要加定冠词the，句中已经给出the，故填most delicious。 39．Her shoes are ________ (small) than mine. 【答案】smaller 【详解】句意：她的鞋子比我的小。句中出现了比较级标志词than，提示此处要用形容词的比较级形式。small的比较级直接在词尾加-er，即smaller。 40．The weather today is ________ (hot) than it was yesterday. 【答案】hotter 【详解】句意：今天的天气比昨天热。句中出现了比较级标志词“than”，提示要用形容词的比较级形式。hot是以重读闭音节结尾的单词，且末尾只有一个辅音字母，变比较级时需双写末尾辅音字母t再加-er，即hotter。 三、语法填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 There were two brothers named Ed and Ted. They always competed against each other. Although Ted tried hard every time, Ed always did 41 (good) than him. Ed was one year older than his brother Ted, so he was a little 42 (tall) than Ted. Ed always got up earlier, did homework more 43 (quick) , and got better grades. Ed and Ted both loved sports. When they played basketball, Ed always 44 (jump) higher. When they ran, Ed always ran faster than his brother. Ted was going to give 45 competing because his big brother was always better at everything. He 46 (think) he would never win. One day, Ed and Ted were very 47 (tire) and hungry after playing soccer. Mom called 48 (they) back in the house for dinner. After dinner, Ed and Ted went to do the 49 (dish). Mom said Ted did better than Ed. It was a small thing, but Ted felt very 50 (happy). He knew he could also do something better than his brother. 【答案】 41．better 42．taller 43．quickly 44．jumped 45．up 46．thought 47．tired 48．them 49．dishes 50．happy 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了两兄弟Ed和Ted的故事。Ed各方面都比Ted优秀，Ted一度想放弃竞争，但最终在洗碗这件小事上发现自己也能做得更好。 【详解】41．句意：尽管Ted每次都努力尝试，但Ed总是比他做得更好。than提示用比较级，good的比较级为better。 42．句意：Ed比弟弟Ted大一岁，所以他比Ted高一点。than提示用比较级，tall的比较级为taller。 43．句意：Ed总是起得更早，做作业更迅速，成绩也更好。空格处需填副词修饰did，quick的副词形式为quickly。 44．句意：当他们打篮球时，Ed总是跳得更高。全文以一般过去时叙述，jump的过去式为jumped。 45．句意：Ted打算放弃竞争，因为他哥哥总是事事都比他强。根据前文“Ed always did better than him”可知，Ted因屡次失败而产生放弃的念头，give up为固定搭配，意为“放弃”，后接动名词competing。 46．句意：他以为他永远赢不了。全文以一般过去时叙述，think的过去式为thought。 47．句意：有一天，Ed和Ted踢完足球后非常疲惫和饥饿。were后需填形容词作表语，表示人的感受。所给词tire为动词，其形容词tired意为“感到疲惫的”。 48．句意：妈妈叫他们回屋吃晚饭。called为动词，后需填人称代词宾格作宾语，they的宾格形式为them。 49．句意：晚饭后，Ed和Ted去洗碗。do the dishes为固定搭配，意为“洗碗”，dish常用复数形式dishes。 50．句意：虽然是一件小事，但特德感到非常开心。felt后需填形容词作表语，表示人的感受，happy形容词，意为“开心的”，符合语境。 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Do you have close friends? Having close friends is one of the best things in 51 (we) life. In fact, everyone should have them. If you have close friends, you can always have someone to work and share with. For example, I am an outgoing girl, 52 my friend Karen is quiet. Of all my friends, I think Karen is the most talented in music. Karen and I like to write songs together. Karen can also sing 53 (beautiful). What’s more, she is 54 (hard-working) than me. She gives me 55 useful saying, “The harder you work, the luckier you will be.” Another reason for having close friends is that they can cheer you up. They try their best 56 (do) this whenever you are sad. For example, when I 57 (get) a bad grade in my maths test last week, my friend Rick told jokes to make me 58 (laugh) and decided to help me learn maths twice a week. Now I feel much 59 (good). 60 his help, I think I will make progress soon. Close friends help us enjoy life and get out of trouble. Life is better with close friends! 【答案】 51．our 52．while 53．beautifully 54．more hard-working 55．a 56．to do 57．got 58．laugh 59．better 60．With 【导语】本文论述了拥有亲密朋友的重要性，朋友可以一起分享、互相帮助、在难过时给予鼓励，有亲密朋友生活会更美好。 51．句意：拥有亲密的朋友是我们生活中最美好的事情之一。空格后为名词“life”，此处应用we的形容词性物主代词。 52．句意：我是一个外向的女孩，但是我的朋友凯伦很文静。前后句意表示对比，强调“我……而她……”，while符合语境。 53．句意：凯伦唱歌也能唱得很动听。修饰动词“sing”，应用形容词beautiful的副词形式。 54．句意：而且，她比我更勤奋。句中有标志词“than”，应用形容词hard-working的比较级。 55．句意：她给了我一句有用的谚语：“越努力，越幸运。”后面是可数名词单数“saying”，且“useful”以辅音音素开头，应用不定冠词a。 56．句意：无论你什么时候难过，他们都会尽最大努力让你振作起来。固定搭配try one’s best to do sth.，此处应用动词不定式，表示“尽某人最大努力去做某事”。 57．句意：例如，上周我数学考试考了低分时，我的朋友里克讲笑话逗我笑，还决定每周帮我补习两次数学。句中有时间状语“last week”，应用动词get的过去式。 58．句意：例如，上周我数学考试考了低分时，我的朋友里克讲笑话逗我笑，还决定每周帮我补习两次数学。固定搭配make sb. do sth.，此处应用动词原形，表示“使某人做某事”。 59．句意：现在我感觉好多了。句中有标志词“much”，修饰形容词比较级，应用good的比较级。 60．句意：在他的帮助下，我认为我很快会取得进步。固定搭配with one’s help，句首首字母大写，表示“在某人的帮助下”，介词短语。 四、阅读理解 ① Alice and Emily are good friends who have many things in common, but they also have some differences. ② Both of them love sports, but Alice is more athletic than Emily. She runs faster and jumps higher. Emily is more interested in team sports like basketball and volleyball, while Alice prefers individual sports like running and swimming. ③ For hobbies, they both enjoy reading, but they have different tastes. Alice likes reading science fiction books, which are more imaginative and exciting. Emily prefers reading historical novels, as she thinks they are more educational and interesting. They often exchange books with each other, which helps them understand each other’s interests better. ④ When it comes to school, they are both good students. Emily is better at math and science, while Alice excels in literature and art. Emily spends more time on her homework, while Alice finishes her work more quickly. However, they both believe that learning is important and always encourage each other to study hard. ⑤ Although they have some differences, Alice and Emily are always there for each other. They think that their differences make their friendship more interesting and colorful. Individual means relating to one person or thing, rather than to a large group. 61．Which of the following is true about Alice and Emily? ① They both love sports but have different preferences in sports. ② They both like reading and have the same taste in books. ③ They are both good students but have different academic strengths. ④ They don’t like each other’s differences. A．①② B．①③ C．②④ D．③④ 62．How do Alice and Emily feel about their differences? A．They think their differences make their friendship boring. B．They believe their differences make their friendship more interesting. C．They try to change each other’s interests. D．They avoid talking about their differences. 63．What can we know about Emily from the passage? A．She finishes her homework quickly. B．She is better at literature than Alice. C．She spends more time on her homework than Alice. D．She dislikes reading historical novels. 64．What’s the structure of the passage? A． B． C． D． 【答案】61．B 62．B 63．C 64．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了好友Alice和Emily在运动、爱好、学业上的差异，同时指出二人接纳彼此的不同，认为差异让她们的友谊更有趣，且会互相支持、维系友谊。 61．第②段第1句“Both of them love sports, but Alice is more... Emily is more... while Alice...”明确提到，两人都爱运动，但运动偏好不同，①正确。第④段第1句“they are both good students. Emily is better at math and science, while Alice excels in literature and art”明确指出，两人都是好学生，但学术强项不同，③正确。故选B。 62．第⑤段第2句“They think that their differences make their friendship more interesting and colorful”直接说明，两人认为差异让友谊更有趣，与B选项一致。 63．第④段第2句“Emily spends more time on her homework”指出，Emily花在作业上的时间比Alice多，C选项正确。 64．文章每段首句分别指出：①总起介绍两人有共同点也有差异，②③④分别从运动、爱好和学业三方面具体说明差异，⑤总结差异让友谊更有趣，是典型的总-分-总结构，对应选项C。 In most places in the world, winter brings shorter days and colder weather. At this time of the year, there is usually less food for animals. However, they deal with this problem in different ways. Some animals save food so that they have it in winter. Squirrels and some kinds of birds keep nuts and seeds in trees and other safe places. Honeybees make enough honey before winter. To prepare for winter, some animals eat more than they need during the warmer months and store (贮存) the extra (额外的) food as body fat. This fat acts as energy during the cold months. For example, beavers store extra fat to prepare for winter. One way animals spend the winter is by becoming dormant. These animals may look like they are sleeping, but they are saving energy in this way. Chipmunks (花栗鼠) are less active during the winter. They move very little and only come out sometimes to eat. Animals like bats and snakes go into a deep sleep called hibernation (冬眠). During hibernation, their body temperature drops and their breathing slows down. This helps them save energy. Some bears also slow down in winter but they do not hibernate fully. Their body temperature does not drop as much, but they can still go months without eating. Some animals, like wild geese, fly to warmer places. Rabbits grow thicker fur (软毛) to stay warm. By using these smart ways, animals can live through the hard times of winter. 根据材料内容选择最佳答案。 65．What do beavers do to prepare for winter? A．They sleep all season. B．They grow thicker fur. C．They go to warmer places. D．They save energy in their bodies. 66．What does the underlined word “dormant” in Paragraph 4 mean? A．Not smart. B．Not active. C．Not patient. D．Not sleepy. 67．What happens to the bat’s body temperature during hibernation? A．It drops. B．It rises. C．It stays the same. D．It goes up and down greatly. 68．Which of the following best shows the structure of the passage? (①=Paragraph 1…) A．①/②/③④⑤⑥⑦ B．①/②③④⑤⑥/⑦ C．①/②③④/⑤⑥⑦ D．①/②③④⑤/⑥⑦ 69．Why did the writer write the passage? A．To show us how smart animals can be. B．To introduce the problems of animals to us. C．To tell us how animals go through winter. D．To call on us to protect different kinds of animals. 【答案】65．D 66．B 67．A 68．B 69．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了动物在冬季应对食物短缺和寒冷天气的多种方式，包括储存食物、储存脂肪、休眠、冬眠、迁徙和长厚毛等。 【详解】65．第三段明确提到“beavers store extra fat to prepare for winter.”，这说明海狸储存脂肪过冬，即把能量储存在体内。 66．根据第四段中“These animals may look like they are sleeping, but they are saving energy in this way.（这些动物可能看起来像在睡觉，但它们是在用这种方式节省能量。）”可推测，“dormant”最有可能指的是“不活跃的状态”。 67．第五段明确提到“During hibernation, their body temperature drops and their breathing slows down.”，这说明在冬眠期间，它们的体温会下降。 68．文章第一段引出动物如何过冬的话题；第二至六段分别详细介绍了储存食物、储存脂肪、休眠、冬眠、迁徙和长厚毛等具体方式；第七段总结全文。因此结构为①/②③④⑤⑥/⑦。 69．通读全文可知，文章主要介绍了动物在冬季应对食物短缺和寒冷天气的多种方式，目的是告诉我们动物是如何过冬的。 19 / 21 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $