衔接点05 连词（初高考点差异及衔接）（讲义，通用版）英语初升高衔接

衔接点05 连词 初中视角 高中展望 初中阶段需掌握： 并列连词有and, or, either.…or, neither.…nor, but, for, so; not only. . . but also. . . 等。等; 从属连词主要有that, whether, if, when, where, so that等 高中阶段主要考查连词的判断选用, 以对时间状语从句、条件状语从句、让步状语从句和结果状语从句的考查最为频繁。 衔接引导 初中阶段考查形式：侧重语法知识的识记和简单运用，多以单句填空、选择题等基础形式考查语法知识。 高中阶段考查形式：注重语法知识的灵活运用和理解，更多地在语篇语法填空中综合运用语法知识。 【初中连词考点聚焦】 考点一 并列连词 1．The little boy was very tired, ________ he still kept on climbing the mountain with his parents. A．or B．so C．but D．because 【答案】C 【详解】句意：这个小男孩很累，但是他仍然和父母一起继续爬山。 or或者；so所以；but但是；because因为。根据“The little boy was very tired”与“he still kept on climbing the mountain”可知，前后句意存在转折关系，虽然累但是坚持爬，应用“but”。 2．I can tell you stories, ________ I can’t write stories. A．and B．so C．but D．if 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我可以给你讲故事，但是我不会写故事。 and和，并且；so所以；but但是；if如果。根据前半句“I can tell you stories”和后半句“I can’t write stories”可知，前后句意存在转折关系，应用表示转折的连词but。 3．Life is like a horse, and________ you ride it________ it rides you. A．neither; nor B．either; or C．not only; but also D．both; and 【答案】B 【详解】句意：生活就像一匹马，要么你驾驭它，要么它驾驭你。 neither...nor既不……也不……；either...or要么……要么……；not only...but also不仅……而且……；both...and……和……都……。此处表示在“你驾驭它”和“它驾驭你”两种情况中选择一种，符合either...or的用法。 4．The little boy can ________ speak English ________ write it, but he can understand some words. A．either; or B．both; and C．neither; nor D．not only; but also 【答案】C 【详解】句意：这个小男孩既不会说英语也不会写英语，但他能理解一些单词。 either…or或者……或者……；both…and两者都……；neither…nor既不……也不……；not only…but also不但……而且……。根据“but he can understand some words”可知，前后句意表示转折，后半句表示肯定，前半句应表示否定含义，即“既不会说也不会写”。故选C。 5．— Did you play soccer ________ go fishing yesterday? — I went fishing with my dad. A．and B．or C．but D．so 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——你昨天是踢足球了还是去钓鱼了？——我和爸爸去钓鱼了。 and和；or或者；but但是；so所以。根据“play soccer...go fishing yesterday”可知，问句是在踢足球和去钓鱼之间进行选择，选择疑问句中表示“或者”应用连词 or。应填or。 考点二 从属连词 6．________ my poem only had three lines, my friends said it gave them great joy. A．Though B．Until C．If D．Unless 【答案】A 【详解】句意：虽然我的诗只有三行，但朋友们说它给了他们巨大的快乐。 Though虽然；Until直到；If如果；Unless除非。根据“my poem only had three lines”与“my friends said it gave them great joy”可知，前后句意存在转折关系，尽管诗很短，但朋友很喜欢，用Though引导让步状语从句。 7．My little sister won’t go to sleep ________ I read her a bedtime story. A．if B．unless C．because D．though 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我的妹妹不会去睡觉，除非我给她读一篇睡前故事。 if如果；unless除非；because因为；though虽然。根据“My little sister won’t go to sleep”及语境可知，读故事是睡觉的必要条件，unless意为“除非”，引导条件状语从句，符合逻辑。故选B。 8．________ the disease is still spreading rapidly, wearing a mask is quite necessary. A．Before B．Since C．Although D．Unless 【答案】B 【详解】句意：由于疾病仍在迅速传播，戴口罩是非常必要的。 Before在……之前；Since既然，由于；Although虽然；Unless除非。根据“the disease is still spreading rapidly”与“wearing a mask is quite necessary”可知，前后句构成因果关系，因为疾病传播迅速，所以戴口罩很有必要，应填Since。 9．It is important for teenagers to learn to manage their time ________ they can balance study and hobbies. A．so that B．as soon as C．even if D．unless 【答案】A 【详解】句意：对于青少年来说，学会管理时间是很重要的，以便他们能够平衡学习和爱好。 so that以便；as soon as一……就；even if即使；unless除非。根据“It is important for teenagers to learn to manage their time”和“they can balance study and hobbies”可知，前句是做法，后句是目的，表示“为了/以便”，应用so that引导目的状语从句。 10．________ you start to do housework by yourself every day, you will understand how hard your parents work. A．Before B．Though C．Unless D．Once 【答案】D 【详解】句意：一旦你开始每天自己做家务，你就会明白你的父母工作有多辛苦。 Before在……之前；Though虽然；Unless除非；Once一旦。根据“you will understand how hard your parents work”可知，理解父母的辛苦是建立在做家务的基础上，表示“一旦……就……”的条件关系，Once符合语境。 【高中连词考点聚焦】 课标解读 要求理解并列句的结构, 掌握并列连词的基本意义, 根据句子之间的相互关系能正确运用连词。掌握构成并列句的并列连词如: and, or, but, yet, so, while, when和either. . . or. . . , neither. . . nor. . . , not only. . . but also. . . 等。及在名词性从句，状语从句，定语从句中连词的用法 考点清单 一、并列连词与并列句 并列句由两个或两个以上并列而又独立的简单句构成。在并列句中，这些简单句常由并列连词(短语)连在一起。 连接词 用法 示例 and 表示并列、顺承关系，连接两个意义相近或相关的句子成分 He likes reading books and his sister enjoys watching movies. but 表示转折关系，连接两个意义相对或相反的句子成分 She is beautiful but she is not kind. or 表示选择关系，连接两个可供选择的句子成分 You can walk there or you can take a bus. so 表示因果关系，连接两个有因果关系的句子成分 He was ill so he didn’t go to school. for 表示因果关系，连接两个句子，后句是前句的原因或解释 It must have rained last night, for the ground is wet. yet 表示转折关系，连接两个句子，通常用于强调后句与前句的对比 He has failed many times yet he never gives up. nor 表示否定的并列关系，连接两个否定的句子成分，通常与 neither 搭配使用 He didn’t come to the meeting, nor did he call to explain. [指津] (1)when可用作并列连词，意为“这时，那时”，相当于at this/that time。常用于下列句式： be about to do sth. when...正要做某事，这时突然…… be on the point of doing sth. when...正要做某事，这时突然…… be doing sth. when...正在做某事，这时突然…… had done sth. when...刚做了某事，这时突然…… He was about to go to school when a strong wind began to blow.他正要去上学，这时突然刮起了大风。 (2)“祈使句＋and/or＋陈述句”，有时祈使句部分也可用名词短语。 Hurry up，or you'll be late again．快点，否则你会再迟到。 二、从属连词与状语从句 项目 连词 例句 注意事项 时间状语从句 when, while, as, before，after, since，until, the moment等 When I was walking along the street, I met a friend of mine. I will tell him the news the moment he comes. 要注意时态一致，一般情况下，在时间状语从句中，表示将来的动作用一般现在时(不可用将来时) 地点状语从句 where, wherever Where there is a will, there is a way. We are always welcome wherever we go. 注意不要和where引导的定语从句混淆，若是定语从句，where前必然有先行词 条件状语从句 if, unless, as/so long as, on condition that, in case等 You should go to school unless you are seriously ill. He will certainly pass the exam next term if he works hard at his lessons. 条件状语从句和时间状语从句一样，当主句是将来时的时候，从句要用一般现在时 原因状语从句 because，since，as，now (that) He didn't go to school because he was ill. As he is a League member, he takes the lead in everything in his class. ①because语气最强，回答why提出的问题；since次之；as最弱； ②as引导的从句往往放在主句前面，for后面的并列分句往往表示一种附带的解释或说明 让步状语从句 although, though，while, as, even if/though，whatever, however, whoever, no matter what/who/how Although he is a child, he knows a lot. Tired as/though I was, I went on with my work. I will go and attend the meeting however busy I am. ①当用though或 although引导从句时，后面的主句不能有but； ②as引导的让步状语从句必须把表语、状语或动词原形提前 结果状语从句 so...that..., such...that..., so that He runs so fast that no one can catch up with him. It was such an interesting novel that I read it three times. I got up late so that I missed the early bus. 在so... that... 和such...that... 结构中，so为副词，后面跟形容词、副词或分词，而such为限定词，后面只能跟名词或名词性短语 方式状语从句 as, just as, as if, as though We should work and study as he did. They talked as if they had been friends for years. as if, as though在方式状语从句中多指非真实的或可能性较小的情况，常用虚拟语气 比较状语从句 as... as..., not so...as, 比较级＋than He works as hard as everyone else (does) in the class. He is taller than any other student in our school. 可以用比较句型表示在一定范围内的最高级含义：比较级＋than＋any other＋单数可数名词 目的状语从句 so that, in order that, for fear that, in case (that) She studies hard so that/in order that she can enter a key university. Take an umbrella with you in case it should rain. 从句中常用may, might, can, could, should等情态动词 一、单句语法填空 1．Do you want to take them to the zoo, would it be wiser to go to the park? （用适当的词填空） 【答案】or 【详解】句意：你想带他们去动物园，还是去公园更明智些？这是一个选择疑问句，提供了两个选项“take them to the zoo (带他们去动物园)”和“go to the park (去公园)”，需要用连词or来连接，表示“或者；还是”，用于在两个选项中进行选择。 2．Many parents say there’s too much traffic on the roads for their children to walk safely to school, they pack them into the car instead. （用适当的词填空） 【答案】so 【详解】考查连词。句意：许多家长说路上车辆太多，孩子们无法安全步行上学，所以他们反而开车送孩子上学。前半句“家长认为路上车多，孩子步行上学不安全”是原因，后半句“开车送孩子上学”是结果，二者为因果顺承关系，so作连词，表 “因此、所以”，符合语境。故填so。 3．We hired our bikes from the rental place at the South Gate. My bike was old and shaky did the job. It took us about 3 hours to go all the way around the Xi'an City Wall. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】but 【详解】考查连词。句意：我们从南门的租赁处租了自行车。我的自行车又旧又摇晃，但还是能凑合用。我们花了大约3个小时才绕完西安城墙。后文did the job和前文My bike was old and shaky之间存在转折关系，故用表示转折的连词but连接。故填but。 4．Do not eat immediately after exercise; instead, wait at least 30 minutes after a typical routine,     as much as an hour after a hard workout. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】or 【详解】考查连词。句意：运动后不要立即进食；相反，在常规锻炼后至少等30分钟，或者在剧烈锻炼后等一个小时。前后是一种选择关系，所以用连词or，表示“或者”。故填or。 5．I didn't wake up I heard the alarm clock. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】until 【详解】考查连词。句意：直到听到闹钟响我才醒来。“not...until...” 是固定句型，意为 “直到…… 才……”，符合语境，即直到闹钟响，“我” 才醒来。故填 until。 6． the old saying goes, “ Where there is will, there is a way.” (用适当的词填空) 【答案】As 【详解】考查连词。句意：俗话说：“有志者，事竟成。”此处为固定句型as the old saying goes表示“俗话说，正如老话所说”，符合句意，句首字母大写。故填As。 7．I was about to give up the match my best friend encouraged me to go on. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】when 【详解】句意：我正要放弃比赛，这时我最好的朋友鼓励我继续坚持下去。固定句型be about to do sth. when...意为“正要做某事，就在这时……”，空处需填when。 8．So he thought, and he felt himself going he started; I will try it once again. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】before 【详解】考查时间状语从句。句意：于是他这样想，并且在行动之前就已经做好了准备；我要再试一次。根据句意可知，此处为连词before引导时间状语从句，意为“在……之前”，体现出“内心萌生动身的想法”早于“实际开始行动”，符合逻辑。故填before。 9．The school which we paid a visit to last week was built there had been a theater. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】where 【详解】考查状语从句。句意：我们上周参观的那所学校建在曾经有一座剧院的地方。空处引导地点状语从句，从句中缺少地点状语，结合句意，用连接词where引导该从句，表“在……的地方”，符合语法规则和语境。故填where。 10．The meeting was put off several key members had unexpected scheduling conflicts. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】because 【详解】考查原因状语从句。句意：会议被推迟了，因为几个关键成员遇到了意外的日程冲突。several key members had unexpected scheduling conflicts是会议推迟的原因，所以用because引导原因状语从句，说明事情发生的缘由。故填because。 11．Now you’ve listed your strengths, list your imperfections. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】that 【详解】考查原因状语从句。句意：既然你已经列出了自己的优点，现在就列出你的不足吧。此处now that是固定搭配，意为“既然、由于”，引导原因状语从句，故填that。 12．Engineers are now working on improvements that the stones can last longer and work better. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】so 【详解】考查状语从句。句意：工程师们目前正在进行改进，以便这些石头能使用更长时间，效果更好。空处引导目的状语从句，表示“以便”应用so that。故填so。 13．Smart apartments will include voice-activated controls and automatic fall-detection sensors residents with limited mobility need emergency assistance. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】 in case 【详解】考查目的状语从句。句意：智能公寓将配备语音激活控制和自动跌倒检测传感器，以防行动不便的居民需要紧急帮助。句子描述的是配备语音激活控制和自动跌倒检测传感器的预防性目的，即“以防”行动不便的居民需要紧急帮助，因此用in case“以防”引导目的状语从句，对应为未来可能发生的紧急情况做准备的语境。故填in case。 14．He worked day and night order that he could succeed. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】in 【详解】考查介词和状语从句。句意：他日夜工作，为的是能够成功。“in order that”是固定短语，意为“为了，以便”，用于引导目的状语从句。故填in。 15．They are little children that they can not understand what you say sometimes. （用适当的词填空） 【答案】such 【详解】句意：他们年纪还这么小，有时连你说的话都听不懂。句中little是形容词，意为“年幼的；幼小的”，修饰名词children，用such修饰名词短语little children，构成固定句型“such+形容词+复数名词+that从句”，表示“如此……以至于……”， 16．The Great Wall is well-­known a tourist attraction that millions of people visit it every year. （用适当的词填空） 【答案】so 【详解】句意：长城是如此著名的旅游景点，每年数百万人前来游览。分析句子可知，此处为固定句型：so + 形容词 + a/an + 单数名词 + that…，等同于such a/an + 形容词 + 单数名词 + that…，引导结果状语从句；本句语序为：so well-known a tourist attraction，故用so。 17． you warm up properly before running, you might injure your muscles or joints. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】Unless 【详解】句意：除非你在跑步前做好充分的热身运动，否则可能会损伤肌肉或关节。逗号前后均为完整的句子，且“在跑步前做好充分的热身运动”是“损伤肌肉或关节”成立的否定条件，因此用unless“除非”引导条件状语从句，句首单词的首字母需大写。 18．You can borrow the car you drive carefully and return it on time. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】 as long as 【详解】考查条件状语从句。句意：只要你小心驾驶并按时还车，你就可以借这辆车。只有满足“小心驾驶并按时还车”的条件，“借这辆车”才能成立，因此用as long as“只要”引导条件状语从句。故填as long as。 19． the data appeared messy at first, the scientists eventually found out a pattern. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】Although/Though/While 【详解】考查连词。句意：尽管数据起初看起来杂乱无章，但科学家们最终发现了其中的规律。本句前后存在让步转折关系，需要用引导让步状语从句的连词置于句首，Although/Though/While均符合语法和语义要求，且位于句首首字母需大写。故填Although/Though/While。 20．No matter hard he works, the boss never feels content with his work. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】how 【详解】考查让步状语从句。句意：无论他工作多么努力，老板对他的工作从来都不满意。表示“无论多么……”应用no matter how引导让步状语从句。故填how。 二、完成句子 21．The food you have available makes a huge difference. ________, they’re seeing it. 你手头的食物会产生很大影响。即使他们不吃，他们也能看到它。 【答案】Even if they don’t eat it 【详解】中英文句子对比可知，空处应填“即使他们不吃”，应用even if引导让步状语从句，意为“即使”；根据主句时态可知，从句用一般现在时，“他们不吃它”翻译为they don’t eat it。 22．“no matter+疑问词”引导让步状语从句     Even today. ___________________ (无论中国人在哪里生活) or what dialect they speak, they can all still communicate in writing. (根据汉语提示完成句子) 【答案】no matter where Chinese people live 【详解】句意：即使在今天，无论中国人生活在哪里、说什么方言，依然可以通过文字交流。根据“no matter+疑问词”引导让步状语从句的句型，表达“无论中国人在哪里生活”，用no matter where Chinese people live，用一般现在时。 23．句型公式so...that...引导结果状语从句 She was ________________ (她受到网友的启发) that she decided to start an IT club to teach older people how to use computers and the Internet. (根据汉语提示完成句子) 【答案】so inspired by the people she met online 【详解】句意：她深受网友的启发，因此决定创办一个IT俱乐部，教老年人如何使用电脑和互联网。根据空后that和汉语提示可知，这里为“so + 形容词/副词 + that从句”，表示“如此……以至于……”，引导结果状语从句。“受到……启发”用be inspired by；“网友”即“她在网上遇到的人”，用the people she met online，met用过去式表示过去的动作，和前面的was时态一致。副词so应放在形容词inspired之前。 24．This time, we stayed together, ________________  (以防其他不寻常的事情发生). (根据汉语提示完成句子) 【答案】in case anything else unusual happened 【详解】句意：这一次，我们待在一起，以防其他不寻常的事情发生。“以防”用短语in case引导目的状语从句；从句主语“其他不寻常的事情”用anything else unusual表示；谓语“发生”用动词happen，讲述过去的事情用一般过去时态happened。 25．so... that 结构     He feels __________ (如此高兴以至于) he followed his heart when choosing what to do with his life. (根据汉语提示完成句子) 【答案】so happy that 【详解】句意：他感到如此高兴，以至于在选择人生方向时，遵从了自己的内心。表示“如此……以至于……”应用so+adj.+that...，引导结果状语从句；表示“高兴的”应用happy。 26．既然你已经长大了, 就应该学会自己做决定。 ________________ you are old enough, you should learn to make your own decisions. 【答案】Now that 【详解】根据英汉意思对比可知，空处应填“既然”，应用连词短语now that，引导原因状语从句，意为“由于，既然”，符合语境；句首单词首字母需大写。 27．我们举行了一个小会议，以便我们能够迅速解决我们之间的误解。（so that引导目的状语从句） We held a small meeting _________________we could _________________ the misunderstanding between us quickly. 【答案】 so that resolve 【详解】“以便”为so that，引导的目的状语从句。“解决”为动词resolve，could后接动词原形。 28．虽然困难存在于我们的日常生活中，但是我们不应害怕它们。 ____________________________, we should not be afraid of them. 【答案】Though/Although/While difficulties exist in our daily life 【详解】根据英汉意思对比可知，本题要翻译让步状语从句“虽然困难存在于我们的日常生活中”；本句陈述客观事实，时态用一般现在时；“虽然”置于句首，可以译为Though/Although/While；“困难”译为difficulties，在从句中作主语；“存在于我们的日常生活中”译为exist in our daily life，主语是复数名词，exist用动词原形，整合为Though difficulties exist in our daily life。 29．你越走出舒适区，在面对未知挑战时就会变得越自信。 The more you step out of your comfort zone, _________ _________ _________ you will grow in facing unknown challenges. 【答案】 the more confident 【详解】考查固定句型和形容词。根据句意以及句子结构可知，该句为the + 比较级...，the + 比较级...（越……，就越……）的固定句型。前半句用 the more（越……），后半句需对应使用 the + 比较级结构。形容词比较级变化“自信的”对应形容词confident，其比较级为more confident（多音节形容词的比较级需在前面加 more）。故分别填the；more；confident。 30．不要泄气。我相信，只要全力以赴你就能得到那份工作。 Don’t lose heart. I’m sure you’ll get that job ________________． 【答案】as long as you spare no effort 【详解】表示“只要”用as long as，引导条件状语从句；主语为you；表示“全力以赴”短语为spare no effort。从句用一般现在时表将来。 三、语篇填空（连词专练） "Everything happens for the best," my mother said　1　 I faced disappointment. "　2　 you can carry on, one day something good will happen."   After graduating from college, I decided to try for a job in a radio station　3　 work my way to a sports announcer. I went to Chicago, knocked on the door of every station, 　4　 got turned down every time.  In one studio, a kind lady advised me to go to the countryside and find a small station, 　5　 big stations couldn’t risk hiring an inexperienced person. I returned to my hometown, 　6　 was turned down even when I applied for a job in a sports department of a store. It wasn’t long　7　 I decided to try my luck again in another city. In Davenport, Iowa, the program director of a company got me beside a microphone and asked me to broadcast an imaginary game.   　8　 I began to work in the company, I’ve always thought of my mother’s words: "Keep on trying,　9　 some day you will succeed. Something wouldn’t happen without previous failure." 　10　 job I later have done, I always think about what my mother once taught me, which acts as my guideline in life.   　本文讲述了作者坚持不懈,最后找到工作的事。 1.whenever/when　从句意的连贯性看,这里用whenever引导时间状语从句,表示"每当我面对失望的时候"。也可用when。 2.If　如果你继续坚持,总有一天会有好事发生。根据句意可知,这里用If引导条件状语从句。 3.and　大学毕业后,我决定争取在无线电台找份工作,并一步一步努力,最终成为一名体育播音员。这里用并列连词and连接并列的不定式短语。 4.but　可是我每次都被拒绝了。此处表示转折,故用but表示"可是"。 5.because/as　语境表示因果关系,空后说的是原因,故填because/as。因为大的广播电台都不会冒风险去雇用一个没有经验的人。 6.but　此处表示转折,故填but。 7.before　这里为"It is/was not long+before..."句型,表示"没过多久就……"。 8.Since　主句使用了现在完成时,而这个状语从句使用了一般过去时,因此这里用since引导时间状语从句,表示"自我开始在这家公司工作以来"。 9.and　此处为"祈使句+and+陈述句"句式,故填and。 10.Whatever　根据句意可知,本空要用连词引导让步状语从句并修饰job,表示"不管什么工作",故填Whatever。 一、语法填空 Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. Imagine shopping in another country and spotting a beautiful scarf. The salesperson tells you the price, 1 it’s more than you want to pay. What do you do? The answer depends largely 2 what part of the world you are in. Are you visiting Southeast Asia, the Middle East, Latin America or Africa? In these places, prices often are not set in stone. In fact, customers 3 (expect) to bargain before agreeing to a price. On the other hand, in North America, Europe and Australia, bargaining is rare and often not allowed. The price that 4 (list) on a price tag cannot be changed. Large stores and malls usually don’t allow bargaining. On the other hand, outdoor stalls and flea markets, even in Western countries, usually allow bargaining. When in doubt, consult a guidebook — or 5 (good) yet, a local friend. 6 bargaining customs vary, a few rules of etiquette (礼节) apply in most cultures. First, avoid 7 (waste) people’s time. If you don’t intend to make a purchase, don’t start bargaining. While bargaining, it is OK to walk away. But once you agree to a price, you 8 buy the item. Even in countries where bargaining isn’t allowed, you may find plentiful opportunities to save money. Many stores sell old items on clearance. Others offer discount cards to customers 9 come regularly. Some of these can function 10 credit cards in the store, and a few can even be used elsewhere. Wherever you go, understanding local customs can help you find good prices. 【答案】 1．but 2．on/upon 3．are expected 4．is listed 5．better 6．Although/Though/While 7．wasting 8．must/should 9．who/that 10．as 【导语】这是一篇说明文，主要介绍了在不同国家和地区购物时关于 砍价的习俗、规则与省钱技巧。 1．考查连词。句意：售货员告诉你价格，但这个价格比你想付的要高。根据“The salesperson tells you the price”及“it’s more than you want to pay”可知，前后两句为转折关系，用but连接。故填but。 2．考查介词。句意：答案很大程度上取决于你在世界上的哪个地区。固定搭配depend on/upon意为“取决于，依靠”。故填on/upon。 3．考查时态和被动语态。句意：事实上，顾客在商定价格前被期望去讨价还价。描述客观情况用一般现在时，主语customers与expect是被动关系，表示 “被期待”，用一般现在时被动语态，主语是复数，谓语用are expected。故填are expected。 4．考查时态和被动语态。句意：价格标签上标注的价格是不能更改的。本空为定语从句的谓语，描述客观情况用一般现在时，先行词The price与list是被动关系，表示“被列出”，用一般现在时被动语态。故填is listed。 5．考查比较级。句意：当有疑问时，可以查阅旅游指南 —— 或者更好的是，问问当地的朋友。“询问朋友”是比“查阅旅游指南”更好的建议，短语better yet表示 “更好的是”。故填better。 6．考查让步状语从句。句意：虽然砍价的习俗各不相同，但有一些礼节规则在大多数文化中都适用。“bargaining customs vary”与“a few rules of etiquette apply in most cultures”为让步转折关系，用Although/Though/While均“虽然，尽管”，引导让步状语从句，句首单词首字母大写。故填Although/Though/While。 7．考查非谓语动词。句意：首先，避免浪费别人的时间。动词avoid后接动名词作宾语，用动名词wasting作宾语。故填wasting。 8．考查情态动词。句意：但是一旦你同意了一个价格，你必须/应该买下这个物品。空后为动词原形，空处需填情态动词，根据语境表示 “必须”用must，或表示“应该”用should。故填must/should。 9．考查定语从句。句意：另一些商店会给经常来的顾客提供折扣卡。空处引导定语从句，先行词customers指人，关系词在从句中作主语，用who/that引导定语从句。故填who/that。 10．考查介词。句意：其中一些卡可以在商店里充当信用卡，有些甚至可以在其他地方使用。固定搭配function as意为“充当，起…… 作用”。故填as。 二、阅读理解 Volunteer Opportunities at the Museum of Brands Located in the vibrant area of West London, the Museum of Brands brings to life the fascinating history of consumer culture through branding, packaging, and advertisements. Our volunteers help us run the museum on a day-to-day basis, providing a warm welcome to our visitors. We warmly welcome applications from a wide range of backgrounds. Full training will be provided. Volunteer Admissions Assistant As a Volunteer Admissions Assistant, you will provide a warm welcome to the visitors. You’ll be engaging with visitors, selling tickets, maintaining the gift shop displays, and conducting online research. If you enjoy a fast-paced environment and love engaging with people, this role is for you. Learning Volunteer As a Learning Volunteer, there are opportunities to assist our Learning Programme, attracting learners from Early Years to Higher Education. You will assist in interactive educational events and help visitors discover more about the museum through children’s quizzes and trails. Museum Tour Guide We are seeking friendly and knowledgeable Museum Tour Guides to lead regular guided tours. You will introduce the stories behind exhibits, explain the evolution of brands, and interact with visitors to enrich their museum experience. Graphic Design & Marketing Volunteer We’re looking for a talented volunteer to help create vibrant visual content for our social media. You’ll use design tools to bring campaigns to life, from digital posters to printed flyers. This offers an opportunity for hands-on experience in the cultural sector, ideal for individuals with a strong interest in digital content creation. Availability for all roles: Monday to Sunday. Half day or full day shifts are available. Commitment: Minimum of 3 months. 11．What are Volunteer Admissions Assistants expected to do? A．Greet visitors and handle ticket sales. B．Lead guided tours and explain exhibits. C．Organize interactive educational events. D．Produce visual content for the social media. 12．Which role is most suitable for a student majoring in digital arts? A．Volunteer Admissions Assistant. B．Learning Volunteer. C．Museum Tour Guide. D．Graphic Design & Marketing Volunteer. 13．What is a common requirement for the listed volunteer roles? A．Working full day on weekdays. B．Serving for at least three months. C．Having prior marketing experience. D．Holding a university degree in history. 【答案】11．A 12．D 13．B 【导语】本文介绍了伦敦品牌博物馆推出的四类志愿者岗位。 【详解】11．细节理解题。根据小标题 Volunteer Admissions Assistant 下的“you will provide a warm welcome to the visitors. You’ll be engaging with visitors, selling tickets.(你将为游客提供热情的欢迎。你将与游客互动，售卖门票。)”可知，该职位的志愿者需要迎接游客并处理售票事宜。 12．推理判断题。根据小标题 Graphic Design & Marketing Volunteer 下的“This offers an opportunity for hands-on experience in the cultural sector, ideal for individuals with a strong interest in digital content creation.(这为文化领域提供了亲身体验的机会，对于对数字内容创作有浓厚兴趣的个人而言堪称理想之选。)”可知，该职位需要使用设计工具创作视觉内容，因此最适合主修数字艺术（digital arts）的学生。 13．细节理解题。根据文章末尾的“Commitment: Minimum of 3 months.(承诺：至少3个月。)”可知，所有列出的志愿者职位都有一个共同要求，即至少需要服务三个月。 1 / 12 zxxk.com 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 衔接点05 连词 初中视角 高中展望 初中阶段需掌握： 并列连词有and, or, either.…or, neither.…nor, but, for, so; not only. . . but also. . . 等。等; 从属连词主要有that, whether, if, when, where, so that等 高中阶段主要考查连词的判断选用, 以对时间状语从句、条件状语从句、让步状语从句和结果状语从句的考查最为频繁。 衔接引导 初中阶段考查形式：侧重语法知识的识记和简单运用，多以单句填空、选择题等基础形式考查语法知识。 高中阶段考查形式：注重语法知识的灵活运用和理解，更多地在语篇语法填空中综合运用语法知识。 【初中连词考点聚焦】 考点一 并列连词 1．The little boy was very tired, ________ he still kept on climbing the mountain with his parents. A．or B．so C．but D．because 2．I can tell you stories, ________ I can’t write stories. A．and B．so C．but D．if 3．Life is like a horse, and________ you ride it________ it rides you. A．neither; nor B．either; or C．not only; but also D．both; and 4．The little boy can ________ speak English ________ write it, but he can understand some words. A．either; or B．both; and C．neither; nor D．not only; but also 5．— Did you play soccer ________ go fishing yesterday? — I went fishing with my dad. A．and B．or C．but D．so 考点二 从属连词 6．________ my poem only had three lines, my friends said it gave them great joy. A．Though B．Until C．If D．Unless 7．My little sister won’t go to sleep ________ I read her a bedtime story. A．if B．unless C．because D．though 8．________ the disease is still spreading rapidly, wearing a mask is quite necessary. A．Before B．Since C．Although D．Unless 9．It is important for teenagers to learn to manage their time ________ they can balance study and hobbies. A．so that B．as soon as C．even if D．unless 10．________ you start to do housework by yourself every day, you will understand how hard your parents work. A．Before B．Though C．Unless D．Once 【高中连词考点聚焦】 课标解读 要求理解并列句的结构, 掌握并列连词的基本意义, 根据句子之间的相互关系能正确运用连词。掌握构成并列句的并列连词如: and, or, but, yet, so, while, when和either. . . or. . . , neither. . . nor. . . , not only. . . but also. . . 等。及在名词性从句，状语从句，定语从句中连词的用法 考点清单 一、并列连词与并列句 并列句由两个或两个以上并列而又独立的简单句构成。在并列句中，这些简单句常由并列连词(短语)连在一起。 连接词 用法 示例 and 表示并列、顺承关系，连接两个意义相近或相关的句子成分 He likes reading books and his sister enjoys watching movies. but 表示转折关系，连接两个意义相对或相反的句子成分 She is beautiful but she is not kind. or 表示选择关系，连接两个可供选择的句子成分 You can walk there or you can take a bus. so 表示因果关系，连接两个有因果关系的句子成分 He was ill so he didn’t go to school. for 表示因果关系，连接两个句子，后句是前句的原因或解释 It must have rained last night, for the ground is wet. yet 表示转折关系，连接两个句子，通常用于强调后句与前句的对比 He has failed many times yet he never gives up. nor 表示否定的并列关系，连接两个否定的句子成分，通常与 neither 搭配使用 He didn’t come to the meeting, nor did he call to explain. [指津] (1)when可用作并列连词，意为“这时，那时”，相当于at this/that time。常用于下列句式： be about to do sth. when...正要做某事，这时突然…… be on the point of doing sth. when...正要做某事，这时突然…… be doing sth. when...正在做某事，这时突然…… had done sth. when...刚做了某事，这时突然…… He was about to go to school when a strong wind began to blow.他正要去上学，这时突然刮起了大风。 (2)“祈使句＋and/or＋陈述句”，有时祈使句部分也可用名词短语。 Hurry up，or you'll be late again．快点，否则你会再迟到。 二、从属连词与状语从句 项目 连词 例句 注意事项 时间状语从句 when, while, as, before，after, since，until, the moment等 When I was walking along the street, I met a friend of mine. I will tell him the news the moment he comes. 要注意时态一致，一般情况下，在时间状语从句中，表示将来的动作用一般现在时(不可用将来时) 地点状语从句 where, wherever Where there is a will, there is a way. We are always welcome wherever we go. 注意不要和where引导的定语从句混淆，若是定语从句，where前必然有先行词 条件状语从句 if, unless, as/so long as, on condition that, in case等 You should go to school unless you are seriously ill. He will certainly pass the exam next term if he works hard at his lessons. 条件状语从句和时间状语从句一样，当主句是将来时的时候，从句要用一般现在时 原因状语从句 because，since，as，now (that) He didn't go to school because he was ill. As he is a League member, he takes the lead in everything in his class. ①because语气最强，回答why提出的问题；since次之；as最弱； ②as引导的从句往往放在主句前面，for后面的并列分句往往表示一种附带的解释或说明 让步状语从句 although, though，while, as, even if/though，whatever, however, whoever, no matter what/who/how Although he is a child, he knows a lot. Tired as/though I was, I went on with my work. I will go and attend the meeting however busy I am. ①当用though或 although引导从句时，后面的主句不能有but； ②as引导的让步状语从句必须把表语、状语或动词原形提前 结果状语从句 so...that..., such...that..., so that He runs so fast that no one can catch up with him. It was such an interesting novel that I read it three times. I got up late so that I missed the early bus. 在so... that... 和such...that... 结构中，so为副词，后面跟形容词、副词或分词，而such为限定词，后面只能跟名词或名词性短语 方式状语从句 as, just as, as if, as though We should work and study as he did. They talked as if they had been friends for years. as if, as though在方式状语从句中多指非真实的或可能性较小的情况，常用虚拟语气 比较状语从句 as... as..., not so...as, 比较级＋than He works as hard as everyone else (does) in the class. He is taller than any other student in our school. 可以用比较句型表示在一定范围内的最高级含义：比较级＋than＋any other＋单数可数名词 目的状语从句 so that, in order that, for fear that, in case (that) She studies hard so that/in order that she can enter a key university. Take an umbrella with you in case it should rain. 从句中常用may, might, can, could, should等情态动词 一、单句语法填空 1．Do you want to take them to the zoo, would it be wiser to go to the park? （用适当的词填空） 2．Many parents say there’s too much traffic on the roads for their children to walk safely to school, they pack them into the car instead. （用适当的词填空） 3．We hired our bikes from the rental place at the South Gate. My bike was old and shaky did the job. It took us about 3 hours to go all the way around the Xi'an City Wall. (用适当的词填空) 4．Do not eat immediately after exercise; instead, wait at least 30 minutes after a typical routine,     as much as an hour after a hard workout. (用适当的词填空) 5．I didn't wake up I heard the alarm clock. (用适当的词填空) 6． the old saying goes, “ Where there is will, there is a way.” (用适当的词填空) 7．I was about to give up the match my best friend encouraged me to go on. (用适当的词填空) 8．So he thought, and he felt himself going he started; I will try it once again. (用适当的词填空) 9．The school which we paid a visit to last week was built there had been a theater. (用适当的词填空) 10．The meeting was put off several key members had unexpected scheduling conflicts. (用适当的词填空) 11．Now you’ve listed your strengths, list your imperfections. (用适当的词填空) 12．Engineers are now working on improvements that the stones can last longer and work better. (用适当的词填空) 13．Smart apartments will include voice-activated controls and automatic fall-detection sensors residents with limited mobility need emergency assistance. (用适当的词填空) 14．He worked day and night order that he could succeed. (用适当的词填空) 15．They are little children that they can not understand what you say sometimes. （用适当的词填空） 16．The Great Wall is well-­known a tourist attraction that millions of people visit it every year. （用适当的词填空） 17． you warm up properly before running, you might injure your muscles or joints. (用适当的词填空) 18．You can borrow the car you drive carefully and return it on time. (用适当的词填空) 19． the data appeared messy at first, the scientists eventually found out a pattern. (用适当的词填空) 20．No matter hard he works, the boss never feels content with his work. (用适当的词填空) 二、完成句子 21．The food you have available makes a huge difference. ________, they’re seeing it. 你手头的食物会产生很大影响。即使他们不吃，他们也能看到它。 22．“no matter+疑问词”引导让步状语从句     Even today. ___________________ (无论中国人在哪里生活) or what dialect they speak, they can all still communicate in writing. (根据汉语提示完成句子) 23．句型公式so...that...引导结果状语从句 She was ________________ (她受到网友的启发) that she decided to start an IT club to teach older people how to use computers and the Internet. (根据汉语提示完成句子) 24．This time, we stayed together, ________________  (以防其他不寻常的事情发生). (根据汉语提示完成句子) 25．so... that 结构     He feels __________ (如此高兴以至于) he followed his heart when choosing what to do with his life. (根据汉语提示完成句子) 26．既然你已经长大了, 就应该学会自己做决定。 ________________ you are old enough, you should learn to make your own decisions. 27．我们举行了一个小会议，以便我们能够迅速解决我们之间的误解。（so that引导目的状语从句） We held a small meeting _________________we could _________________ the misunderstanding between us quickly. 28．虽然困难存在于我们的日常生活中，但是我们不应害怕它们。 ____________________________, we should not be afraid of them. 29．你越走出舒适区，在面对未知挑战时就会变得越自信。 The more you step out of your comfort zone, _________ _________ _________ you will grow in facing unknown challenges. 30．不要泄气。我相信，只要全力以赴你就能得到那份工作。 Don’t lose heart. I’m sure you’ll get that job ________________． 三、语篇填空（连词专练） "Everything happens for the best," my mother said　1　 I faced disappointment. "　2　 you can carry on, one day something good will happen."   After graduating from college, I decided to try for a job in a radio station　3　 work my way to a sports announcer. I went to Chicago, knocked on the door of every station, 　4　 got turned down every time.  In one studio, a kind lady advised me to go to the countryside and find a small station, 　5　 big stations couldn’t risk hiring an inexperienced person. I returned to my hometown, 　6　 was turned down even when I applied for a job in a sports department of a store. It wasn’t long　7　 I decided to try my luck again in another city. In Davenport, Iowa, the program director of a company got me beside a microphone and asked me to broadcast an imaginary game.   　8　 I began to work in the company, I’ve always thought of my mother’s words: "Keep on trying,　9　 some day you will succeed. Something wouldn’t happen without previous failure." 　10　 job I later have done, I always think about what my mother once taught me, which acts as my guideline in life.   　 一、语法填空 Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. Imagine shopping in another country and spotting a beautiful scarf. The salesperson tells you the price, 1 it’s more than you want to pay. What do you do? The answer depends largely 2 what part of the world you are in. Are you visiting Southeast Asia, the Middle East, Latin America or Africa? In these places, prices often are not set in stone. In fact, customers 3 (expect) to bargain before agreeing to a price. On the other hand, in North America, Europe and Australia, bargaining is rare and often not allowed. The price that 4 (list) on a price tag cannot be changed. Large stores and malls usually don’t allow bargaining. On the other hand, outdoor stalls and flea markets, even in Western countries, usually allow bargaining. When in doubt, consult a guidebook — or 5 (good) yet, a local friend. 6 bargaining customs vary, a few rules of etiquette (礼节) apply in most cultures. First, avoid 7 (waste) people’s time. If you don’t intend to make a purchase, don’t start bargaining. While bargaining, it is OK to walk away. But once you agree to a price, you 8 buy the item. Even in countries where bargaining isn’t allowed, you may find plentiful opportunities to save money. Many stores sell old items on clearance. Others offer discount cards to customers 9 come regularly. Some of these can function 10 credit cards in the store, and a few can even be used elsewhere. Wherever you go, understanding local customs can help you find good prices. 二、阅读理解 Volunteer Opportunities at the Museum of Brands Located in the vibrant area of West London, the Museum of Brands brings to life the fascinating history of consumer culture through branding, packaging, and advertisements. Our volunteers help us run the museum on a day-to-day basis, providing a warm welcome to our visitors. We warmly welcome applications from a wide range of backgrounds. Full training will be provided. Volunteer Admissions Assistant As a Volunteer Admissions Assistant, you will provide a warm welcome to the visitors. You’ll be engaging with visitors, selling tickets, maintaining the gift shop displays, and conducting online research. If you enjoy a fast-paced environment and love engaging with people, this role is for you. Learning Volunteer As a Learning Volunteer, there are opportunities to assist our Learning Programme, attracting learners from Early Years to Higher Education. You will assist in interactive educational events and help visitors discover more about the museum through children’s quizzes and trails. Museum Tour Guide We are seeking friendly and knowledgeable Museum Tour Guides to lead regular guided tours. You will introduce the stories behind exhibits, explain the evolution of brands, and interact with visitors to enrich their museum experience. Graphic Design & Marketing Volunteer We’re looking for a talented volunteer to help create vibrant visual content for our social media. You’ll use design tools to bring campaigns to life, from digital posters to printed flyers. This offers an opportunity for hands-on experience in the cultural sector, ideal for individuals with a strong interest in digital content creation. Availability for all roles: Monday to Sunday. Half day or full day shifts are available. Commitment: Minimum of 3 months. 11．What are Volunteer Admissions Assistants expected to do? A．Greet visitors and handle ticket sales. B．Lead guided tours and explain exhibits. C．Organize interactive educational events. D．Produce visual content for the social media. 12．Which role is most suitable for a student majoring in digital arts? A．Volunteer Admissions Assistant. B．Learning Volunteer. C．Museum Tour Guide. D．Graphic Design & Marketing Volunteer. 13．What is a common requirement for the listed volunteer roles? A．Working full day on weekdays. B．Serving for at least three months. C．Having prior marketing experience. D．Holding a university degree in history. 1 / 12 zxxk.com 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $