专题04 动词与动词短语（专项训练）（北京专用）2027年高考英语一轮复习讲练测

**基本信息** 聚焦动词时态语态、非谓语动词及短语辨析，通过基础-重难-真题三级演练构建系统训练，强化语言能力与思维品质。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|题型特征|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |模拟·基础演练|时态语态13题、非谓语12题、短语30题|高考真题改编，单考点集中训练|从动词基本形态（时态语态）到非谓语功能，再到短语语境辨析，构建"形式-功能-意义"逻辑链| |重难·创新演练|语法填空2篇、完形2篇|新情境（一带一路等）综合考查|融合语法填空时态/非谓语综合运用与完形动词短语语境辨析，实现单一考点向语篇能力过渡| |真题·实战演练|语法填空13篇、完形6篇|近年北京模考题，多情境（脑科学等）|以真题为载体，覆盖高频考点，渗透文化意识，强化应试迁移能力|

第04讲 动词与动词短语 参考答案 模拟·基础演练 考查重点：动词的时态、语态与主谓一致；非谓语动词；动词短语 考点01 动词的时态、语态与主谓一致 1. had made；are achieved 2. left 3. gives 4.was named 5.jogged 6.threw 7.had arrived 8.has established 9.caught 10.has 11.has increased 12.connects 13.has been 考点02 非谓语动词 1.scared 2.traveling 3.to rest 4.asked 5.knocking 6.seen 7.to address; facing 8.to harm 9.supported 10.caused 11.resulting 12.to invest 考向03 考查高频动词短语辨析 1.D 2.C 3.D 4.D 5.B 6.D 7.B 8.D 9.C 10.C 11.A 12.C 13.B 14.D 15.C 16.B 17.A 18.D 19.B 20.C 21.D 22.B 23.C 24.B 25.A 26.A 27.B 28.C 29.A 30.D 重难·创新演练 设题创新:一带一路（P1）；中国之行（P2） 考向创新：完形填空动词词组的辨析。 考向04 语法填空中的动词综合考查 1 【答案】14. whose 15. preserved 16. learning 2 【答案】17. found 18. choosing 19. would last 20. had been 考向05 完形填空中的动词及动词词组考查 Cloze 1 【答案】1. A 2. C 3. B 4. A 5. C 6. D 7. B 8. D 9. A 10. B Cloze 2 【答案】1. B 2. D 3. C 4. A 5. B 6. C 7. A 8. A 9. D 10. D 真题·实战演练 高频考点：动词的时态、语态与主谓一致；非谓语动词；动词短语 二、语法填空 1. 【答案】14. was inspired 15. reducing 16. With 17. to tackle 2 【答案】1．have been identified 2．helping 3．stuck 3 【答案】1．harder 2．becomes 3．to fight 4． 【答案】1．sitting 2．gave 3．in 5 答案】1．is collected 2．when 3．To keep 6 【答案】1．learning 2．appreciates 3．how 4．seen 7 【答案】1．the largest 2．has built 3．sincerely 8 【答案】1．negatively 2．treating 3．is used 4．anxiety 9 【答案】1．known 2．has sent 3．by 10. 【答案】1．whether 2．show/have shown 3．that 11 【答案】1．was moved 2．Given 3．to make 12 【答案】1．who/that 2．grew 3．where 13 【答案】1．has grown 2．into 3．concentration 4．dealing 二、完形填空 Cloze 1 【答案】1. A 2. C 3. D 4. B 5. D 6. C 7. A 8. B 9. C 10. D Cloze 2 【答案】1. B 2. D 3. A 4. C 5. A 6. D 7. A 8. B 9. D 10. C Cloze 3 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．D 4．A 5．C 6．B 7．B 8．D 9．C 10．B Cloze 4 【答案】1．B 2．D 3．C 4．B 5．C 6．A 7．B 8．A 9．D 10．D Cloze 5 【答案】1．B 2．D 3．B 4．A 5．C 6．A 7．A 8．D 9．B 10．C Cloze 6 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．D 4．C 5．D 6．A 7．C 8．B 9．A 10．B 20 / 20网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司zxxk.com 学科网（北京）股份有限公司zxxk.com 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 第04讲 动词与动词短语 目 录 模拟·基础演练 1 重难·创新演练 13 真题·实战演练 21 模拟·基础演练 考查重点：动词的时态、语态与主谓一致；非谓语动词；动词短语 考点01 动词的时态、语态与主谓一致 1.(2025·北京·高考) By the time you brushed your teeth, you 15 (make) several decisions even without noticing. Some choices are quick, while others take more thought. Usually, better outcomes 16 (achieve) through a thorough understanding of strategies like risk tolerance. 【答案】15.had made 16.are achieved 【解析】 15.考查时态。句意：当你刷牙的时候，你甚至在不知不觉中已经做了好几个决定。根据时间状语“By the time you brushed your teeth”可知，此处表示在过去某一时间点之前已经完成的动作，时态应用过去完成时，谓语用had made。故填had made。 16.考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：通常，通过充分了解风险承受能力等策略，可以取得更好的结果。根据时间状语“Usually”可知，此处表示经常性、习惯性的动作，时态应用一般现在时；主语better outcomes和动词achieve“实现”之间是被动关系，应用一般现在时的被动语态；主语better outcomes是复数，be动词应用are。故填are achieved。 2.(2025·北京·高考) When 17 traveling (travel), we engage with cultures and experiences. However, according to a report by the World Wildlife Fund, tourists 18 (leave) over 1.3 billion tons of food waste last year, 19 which accounted for about 8% of the total global gas release in 2024. 【答案】left 【解析】考查时态。句意：然而，根据世界野生动物基金会的一份报告，去年游客产生了超过13亿吨的食物垃圾，这约占2024年全球气体排放总量的8%。根据“last year”可知，描述过去发生的事情，用一般过去时，“leave”的过去式是“left”。故填left。 3. (2024·北京·高考) When we slow down, we create space to reflect on our thoughts and emotions, which helps us identify important areas of our lives and 13 (give) us the opportunity to make right choices. 【答案】gives 【解析】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：当我们放慢脚步时，我们会创造空间来反思我们的想法和情绪，这有助于我们确定生活中的重要领域，并给我们做出正确选择的机会。which引导的非限制性定语从句中，根据helps可知，从句使用一般现在时，which指代前边的整个句子，所以从句谓语应用第三人称单数形式gives，gives与helps并列，作并列谓语。故填gives。 4.(2024·北京·高考) On April 5, 2024, John Tinniswood 15 (name) the world’s oldest living man. 【答案】was named 【解析】考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：2024年4月5日，约翰·廷尼斯伍德被评为世界上在世最长寿的人。根据时间状语On April 5, 2024可知，此处描述过去发生的事，句子应用一般过去时；name与主语John Tinniswood之间是被动关系，应用被动语态，主语John Tinniswood是单数，be动词使用was。故填was named。 5.(2024·北京·高考) My heart went out to him, and I ___20___ (jog) over to him. As I handed him the glasses, he looked at me and said, “Thanks!” 【答案】jogged 【解析】考查时态。句意：我很同情他，然后朝他慢跑过去。句中and连接并列句，空处作后句谓语，根据句中went可知，此处描述过去发生的事，句子使用一般过去时，动词使用过去式形式jogged。故填jogged。 6.(2023·北京·高考) Every culture is riddled with unwritten rules, such as ones on punctuality (守时). I’m British. Soon after moving to Switzerland, I 11 (throw) a house-warming party and was greatly surprised when all 30 guests showed up 12exactly (exact) on time. Years later, having moved to France. 【答案】threw 【解析】考查动词时态。句意：搬到瑞士后不久，我要举办一个乔迁派对，当所有30位客人都准时出现时，我感到非常惊讶。根据后文and was greatly surprised when all 30 guests showed up可知，句子陈述过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时。故填threw。 7.(2023·北京·高考)I turned up at the appointed hour for a dinner, only to find that no other guest 13 (arrive) and my hostess was still in her sleeping suit. 【答案】had arrived 【解析】考查动词时态。句意：多年以后，搬到法国后，我在约定的时间赴宴，却发现没有其他客人到场，女主人还穿着睡衣。此处表示的动作发生在主句动词turned up之前，属于“过去的过去”，应用过去完成时。故填had arrived。 8.(2023·北京·高考)Up to now, China 16 (establish) a number of protected areas with mangroves. 【答案】has established 【解析】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：到目前为止，中国已经建立了一些红树林保护区。由Up to now(到目前为止)可知，句子应用现在完成时，主语是China，助动词应用has，故填has established。 9.(2022·北京·高考)Eventually, the man 13 (catch) up with her, and he was only trying to return her wallet! 【答案】caught 【解析】考查动词时态。句意：最终，那个男人追上了她，他只是想把她的钱包还给她！结合句意空处应填谓语动词的形式，动作发生在过去，应用一般过去时。故填caught。 10.(2022·北京·高考)Gas naturally 16 (have) no recognisable smell. However, a strong smell is added so that we can raise the alarm when we detect the smell associated with danger. 【答案】has 【解析】考查主谓一致。句意：气体本来没有可识别的味道。分析句子结构可知空格处的动词作谓语，本句话是在陈述客观事实，应用一般现在时态，且主语gas在本文中指的是气体的统称，为不可数名词，所以谓语动词要用单三形式。故填has。 11.(2022·北京·高考)The use of those plastics 20 (increase) by 300% since 2019. The world won’t survive if this situation continues. 【答案】has increased 【解析】考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：自从2019年，那些塑料的使用已经增加了300%。根据句中since 2019，可知此处用现在完成时。主语The use of those plastics为单数含义，助动词用has。故填has increased。 12.(2021·北京·高考)As it 13 (connect) things，your brain tums them into a story, and you get a dream． 【答案】connects 【解析】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：当它连接事物时，你的大脑将它们变成一个故事，然后你就得到了一个梦。由主句谓语动词tums可知，空处从句的谓语动词需用一般现在时态，主语是第三人称单数it，所以空处谓语动词需用单数。故填connects。 13.(2021·北京·高考)There 17 (be) a dramatic rise in the number of extreme weather events over the past 20 years, 18caused (cause) largely by rising global temperatures,according to a new report from the United Nations. 【答案】has been 【解析】考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：根据联合国的一份新报告，过去20年里，极端天气事件的数量急剧增加，这在很大程度上是由全球气温上升造成的。根据时间状语over the past 20 years可知，此处使用现在完成时，a dramatic rise是单数感念，助动词应用第三人称单数形式。故填has been。 考点02 非谓语动词 1.(2025·北京·高考) I sometimes call him back, worried that he might have someone 12 (scare). 【答案】scared 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：我有时会把他叫回来，担心他可能会吓到别人。“have sb. done”表示 “使某人被……”，“someone”与“scare”之间是被动关系，即某人被吓到，用过去分词作宾语补足语。故填scared。 2.(2025·北京·高考) When 17 (travel), we engage with cultures and experiences. However, according to a report by the World Wildlife Fund, tourists 18left (leave) over 1.3 billion tons of food waste last year, which19 accounted for about 8% of the total global gas release in 2024. 【答案】traveling 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：旅行时，我们接触不同文化和体验不同经历。句子主语“we”与“travel”之间是主动关系，用现在分词，构成“when+现在分词”的状语从句省略结构。故填traveling。 3. (2024·北京·高考) Taking the time 11 (rest) allows us to develop a deeper sense of 12self-awareness (self-aware). 【答案】to rest 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：花时间休息可以让我们发展出更深层次的自我意识。take (the) time to do sth.为固定搭配，表示“花时间做某事”，所以空处应用动词不定式形式。故填to rest。 4.(2024·北京·高考) And when 16 (ask) about his new title, he shared the secret: moderation (适度). 【答案】asked 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：当被问及他的新头衔时，他分享了秘诀：适度。结合语意，when引导的时间状语从句中，主语为he，且ask与he之间是被动关系，应用被动语态be asked，状语从句中，从句主语与主句主语一致，且从句中含有be动词形式，则从句中的“主语+be动词”可以省略。故填过去分词asked。 5.(2024·北京·高考) Just then, some kids ran at him, ___19___ (knock) his books out of his arms. His glasses went flying and landed in the grass. 【答案】knocking 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：就在这时，一些孩子朝他跑来，把他的书从他怀里撞了出来。句中已有谓语ran，空处作非谓语动词，knock与逻辑主语some kids之间是主动关系，应用现在分词形式knocking作状语。故填knocking。 6.(2023·北京·高考)When 14 (see) from afar, the mangrove forests appear more splendid. 【答案】seen 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：从远处看，红树林显得更加壮观。逗号前面是when引导的状语从句的省略，当状语从句和主句主语是同一主语时，且从句含有be动词，从句可以省略主语和be动词。在从句中，主语为the mangrove forests，和动词see是被动关系，从句应用一般现在时的被动语态，完整形式为when they are seen from afar，省略主语和be动词，故填过去分词seen。 7.(2023·北京·高考)She called for action 19 (address)the struggles of people around the world 20 (face) “too little water or too dirty water”. Her efforts have encouraged others to take part by running through a global campaign called“Run Blue”. 【答案】to address; facing 【解析】 19.考查非谓语动词。句意：她呼吁采取行动，解决世界各地面临“水太少或水太脏”的人们的斗争。分析句子结构可知address在句中作目的状语，故用不定式。故填to address。 20.【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：她呼吁采取行动，解决世界各地面临“水太少或水太脏”的人们的斗争。分析句子结构可知face与逻辑主语people构成主动关系，故用现在分词作后置定语，故填facing。 8. (2022·北京·高考)Fearful that he might have an intention ____12____ (harm) her, Helen started to run. 【答案】to harm 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：海伦担心他可能有意伤害她，便开始快跑。分析句子结构，可知空处应填非谓语动词的形式，have an intention to do sth.意为“有意向做某事”，固定搭配，不定式作后置定语。故填to harm。 9.(2022·北京·高考)Why do humans prefer some smells over others? One theory, increasingly 14 (support) by experts, suggests that smell preferences are learned. 【答案】supported 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：被专家越来越多地支持的一个理论表明气味的偏好是习得的。分析句子结构可知，空格处的动词做非谓语，结合空格后的by experts可判断出该处意为“被专家们支持”，所以空格处应用过去分词表被动。故填supported。 10.(2021·北京·高考)There 17has been (be) a dramatic rise in the number of extreme weather events over the past 20 years, 18 (cause) largely by rising global temperatures,according to a new report from the United Nations. 【答案】caused 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意同上。a dramatic rise in the number of extreme weather events与cause是逻辑动宾关系，应用过去分词，表被动。故填caused。 11.(2021·北京·高考)From 2000 to 2019, there were 7,348 major natural disasters around the world, 19 (result) in USD 2,970 billion in economic loss．Much of this increase can be due to climate change. 【答案】resulting 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：2000年至2019年，全球共发生重大自然灾害7348起，造成经济损失2.97万亿美元。7,348 major natural disasters around the world与result是逻辑主谓关系，且表示一种自然的结果，应用现在分词，作结果状语。故填resulting。 12.(2021·北京·高考)The findings show a critical need 20 (invest) in disaster prevention. 【答案】to invest 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：研究结果表明，急需投资于灾害预防。根据语境可知，此处表示未来的动作，应用不定式，作后置定语。故填to invest。 考向03 考查高频动词短语辨析 1．To be a better person and succeed in your life means to ________ in your life by stopping a bad habit or leaving behind an unpleasant memory. A．be cool as a cucumber B．be a wet blanket C．drag your feet D．turn over a new leaf 【答案】D 【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：成为一个更好的人并在生活中取得成功意味着通过改掉一个坏习惯或抛开一段不愉快的回忆而在你的生活中重新开始。A. be cool as a cucumber镇定自若；B. be a wet blanket令人扫兴的人或物；C. drag your feet拖拖拉拉；D. turn over a new leaf重新开始。根据后文“by stopping a bad habit or leaving behind an unpleasant memory”可知，此处指“重新开始”你的生活，应用短语turn over a new leaf。故选D。 2．Even today my British friend, Daniel, still doesn’t easily ________ eating things like chicken feet. A．contribute to B．cater to C．take to D．attend to 【答案】C 【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：即使在今天，我的英国朋友丹尼尔仍然不太容易喜欢上吃鸡爪之类的东西。A. contribute to促成；B.cater to迎合；C. take to喜欢上；D. attend to处理。根据句意和eating things like chicken feet可知，这里指丹尼尔仍然不喜欢上吃鸡爪之类的东西。故选C项。 3．Teenagers, especially those with a passion for technology, ______ innovative gadgets that combine entertainment and education, as they offer both fun and learning opportunities. A．take pride in B．have a say in C．take responsibility for D．have a preference for 【答案】D 【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：青少年，尤其是那些热爱科技的青少年，偏爱将娱乐和教育相结合的创新小工具，因为它们既提供了乐趣又提供了学习机会。A. take pride in为……感到骄傲；B. have a say in对……有发言权；C. take responsibility for对……负责；D. have a preference for偏爱，更喜欢。根据“因为它们既提供了乐趣又提供了学习机会”可知，热爱科技的青少年会更喜欢这类创新小工具。所以用动词短语have a preference for符合语境。故选D项。 4．Lily is usually a reserved student in class, but her dedication to solving complex math problems makes her ______. A．wear out B．work out C．turn out D．stand out 【答案】D 【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：莉莉在课堂上通常是一个含蓄内敛的学生但她在解决复杂数学题方面的专注使她脱颖而出。A. wear out磨损；B. work out解决；C. turn out结果是；D. stand out突出，显眼。根据上文的“Lily is usually a reserved student in class”可知，莉莉是一位含蓄内敛的学生，结合but以及下文的“her dedication to solving complex math problems”可知，他在专注解决复杂数学题方面应该是“与众不同、引人注意”符合逻辑。故选D项。 5．The coach ______ the players for their lack of effort during the game. A．picked on B．told off C．blew away D．helped out 【答案】B 【详解】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：教练责备队员们在比赛中不够努力。A. picked on挑选；招惹；找茬儿；B. told off责备；斥责；C. blew away吹走；使印象深刻；D. helped out帮助摆脱困境。根据“the players for their lack of effort during the game.”可知，教练因为球员们在比赛中不够努力而斥责他们。故选B。 6．Anderson’s fairy tales are among the most frequently translated works in all of literary history, and the themes of his stories ______ adults and children alike. A．belong to B．contribute to C．adjust to D．appeal to 【答案】D 【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：安徒生的童话是文学史上被翻译最频繁的作品之一，他故事的主题同样吸引着成年人和儿童。A. belong to属于；B. contribute to促成；捐献；C. adjust to适应；D. appeal to吸引；呼吁。根据“Anderson’s fairy tales are among the most frequently translated works in all of literary history”可知，安徒生的童话应该是很受欢迎，所以此处需表示“吸引”成年人和儿童，符合语境。故选D项。 7．After months of research, the team finally ________ a revolutionary method to recycle plastic waste. A．put up with B．came up with C．kept up with D．looked forward to 【答案】B 【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：经过几个月的研究，该团队终于想出了一种回收塑料垃圾的革命性方法。A. put up with忍受；B. came up with想出，提出；C. kept up with跟上，保持同步；D. looked forward to期待。根据句意可知，此处为动词短语came up with“想出，提出”，满足句意要求。故选B项。 8．The old professor ________ painting after his retirement and he became quite skilled soon. A．brought up B．came across C．picked on D．took to 【答案】D 【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：这位年长的教授在退休后开始从事绘画，不久便练就了相当高的技艺。A. brought up抚养长大；B. came across偶遇；C. picked on挑剔；D. took to开始养成（某种习惯）。根据后文“painting after his retirement”可知，此处表示退休后开始从事绘画。故选D。 9．Following in the footsteps of his teacher all those years ago, Mr. Wang has now ________ his skills to the new members. A．passed by B．taken on C．passed on D．taken up 【答案】C 【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：跟随他老师多年前的脚步，王先生现在把他的技能传授给了新成员。A. passed by经过。B. taken on开始承担；C. passed on传递，传下去；D. taken up从事。由his skills to the new members可知，此处表示“王先生现在把他的技能传授给了新成员”，空格处意为“传递，传下去”。故选C。 10．The Chinese characters on the notice board were so carelessly written that they were difficult to ________, especially for those foreign students. A．point out B．give out C．make out D．work out 【答案】C 【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：布告栏上的汉字写得太潦草了，以至于难以辨认，尤其是对那些外国学生来说。A. point out指出；B. give out分发；C. make out看清；听清；理解；D. work out计算出；解决；制定出。根据上文“carelessly written”和下文“especially for those foreign students”可知，难以看清字迹，C选项“make out”符合句意。故选C。 11．China's economy will continue to ________ in the third and fourth quarters of the year with existing policy support and forceful infrastructure spending. A．pick up B．turn up C．put up D．bring up 【答案】A 【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：在现有政策支持和强有力的基础设施支出下，中国经济将在今年第三和第四季度继续回升。A. pick up 回升；好转；B. turn up 出现；调大（音量等）；C. put up 提供；张贴；举起；D. bring up 提出；抚养；呕吐。根据“policy support(政策支持)”和“infrastructure spending(基础设施支出)”可知，此处强调经济“回升”符合语境。故选A项。 12．The project had to be ______ due to unexpected budget cuts, which disappointed everyone involved. A．put down B．cut off C．put off D．cut down 【答案】C 【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：由于意外的预算削减，这个项目不得不被推迟，这让所有参与其中的人都很失望。A. put down放下、镇压、记下；B. cut off切断、中断、使隔绝；C. put off推迟、延期；D. cut down削减、砍倒。根据“due to unexpected budget cuts”可知，因为预算削减，项目没办法按原计划进行，需要往后推迟。故选C项。 13．As a brilliant athlete, she was well ______ spending long periods of time in the water. A．blamed for B．conditioned for C．bound for D．longed for 【答案】B 【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：作为一名出色的运动员，她非常适合长时间待在水里。A. blamed for 因……而受责备；B. conditioned for 使适应，使适合；C. bound for 前往，驶向；D. longed for 渴望，盼望。根据“As a brilliant athlete”以及“spending long periods of time in the water”可推知，她作为出色运动员是适合长时间待在水里的，所以这里应该用“conditioned for”。故选B项。 14．The garden had been seriously neglected, and had been completely ________ by weeds and wild flowers. A．handed over B．pulled over C．knocked over D．taken over 【答案】D 【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：花园被严重地忽视了，杂草和野花完全占据了它。A. handed over移交；B. pulled over靠边停车；C. knocked over碰翻；D. taken over接管。根据“The garden had been seriously neglected”可推知，这个被忽视的花园应该是长满了杂草和野花，即杂草和野花完全占据（接管）了它。故选D。 15．Many young designers today ______ the intricate patterns of Chinese paper-cutting, creating modern fashion pieces with traditional elements. A．keep contact with B．seek solutions to C．take inspiration from D．give rise to 【答案】C 【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：如今，许多年轻设计师从中国剪纸复杂精美的图案中获取灵感，创作出带有传统元素的现代时尚单品。A. keep contact with与……保持联系；B. seek solutions to寻找……的解决方案；C. take inspiration from从……获得灵感；D. give rise to引起，导致。根据“creating modern fashion pieces with traditional elements.”可知，设计师从中国剪纸图案获取灵感来创作时尚单品。故选C。 16．John has a unique way to ________ his idea with very few words, and it impressed us a lot. A．draw up B．get across C．break through D．turn out 【答案】B 【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：约翰有一种独特的方式，能用很少的词表达他的想法，这给我们留下了深刻的印象。A. draw up起草，拟定；B. get across (使) 被理解，(使) 被接受；C. break through突破，冲破；D. turn out结果是，证明是。根据句意可知，约翰能用很少的词表达想法，让想法被理解，所以此处应用动词短语get across，表示“(使) 被理解，(使) 被接受”的意思，符合语境。故选B项。 17．We all ________ the belief that Chinese traditional culture is a treasure that deserves to be shared and celebrated, so as to enhance cultural exchange and mutual understanding. A．subscribe to B．consist of C．resign from D．adapt to 【答案】A 【详解】考查动词短语辨析。 句意：我们都认同这样一种观点，即中国传统文化是值得分享和颂扬的瑰宝，这样做能够增进文化交流与相互理解。A. subscribe to赞同，支持 ；B. consist of由…...组成 ；C. resign from从…...辞职； D. adapt to适应。根据下文 “so as to enhance cultural exchange and mutual understanding.”可知，我们都支持这样一种信念。故选A项。 18．To reduce e-waste, some companies ______ programs encouraging customers to recycle old devices. A．gave away B．turned over C．put forward D．set up 【答案】D 【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：为了减少电子垃圾，一些公司设立了鼓励客户回收旧设备的项目。A. gave away赠送；B. turned over翻转；C. put forward提出；D. set up建立，设立。分析句子可知，set up programs，表示“设立项目、计划”，符合语境，即一些公司设立鼓励客户回收旧设备的项目以减少电子垃圾。故选D项。 19．The boy’s face ______ when he heard the amazing news that he won the prize for overseas study tour. A．brought up B．lit up C．put up D．took up 【答案】B 【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：当男孩听到自己赢得海外游学奖这个惊人的消息时，他面露喜色。A. brought up提出，养育；B. lit up(使)容光焕发，(使)面露喜色；C. put up张贴，搭建；D. took up开始从事，占据。结合语境和常识，听到获奖的好消息，通常会面露喜色，因此，用“lit up”来描述男孩听到消息后的反应是最合适的。故选B项。 20．I visited many museums and ________ a few words of Italian when I travelled in Italy. A．looked up B．put up C．picked up D．made up 【答案】C 【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：我参观了许多博物馆，并在意大利旅行时学会了几句意大利语。A. looked up查找；B. put up张贴；C. picked up学会；D. made up编造。根据后文“a few words of Italian when I travelled in Italy”可知，应是学会了几句意大利语，符合语境。故选C项。 21．I need to find some proper ways to ______ the stress in my life. A．compare with B．consist of C．back down D．cope with 【答案】D 【解析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：我需要找到一些适当的方法来应对我生活中的压力。A. compare with比较；B. consist of由……组成 C. back down退让；D. cope with对付。根据上文的“some proper ways”和下文的“the stress in my life”可知应对生活压力的方法，故选D。 22．The new policy is expected to __________ reducing traffic jam in the city. A．figure out B．contribute to C．relate to D．account for 【答案】B 【解析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：这项新政策有望有助于减少城市的交通堵塞。A. figure out解决，弄懂；B. contribute to有助于；C. relate to与……有关；D. account for说明。根据主语“The new policy”以及空后的“reducing traffic jam in the city”可知，此处指“这项新政策有望有助于减少城市的交通堵塞”，故选B。 23．Currently, many working women _______ relatives to help take care of their children. A．tell of B．consist of C．rely on D．switch on 【答案】C 【解析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：目前，许多职业妇女依靠亲戚帮忙照看孩子。A. tell of讲述；B. consist of由……组成；C. rely on依靠；D. switch on打开。根据后文“relatives to help take care of their children”可知，应是“依靠亲戚帮忙照看孩子”符合语境。故选C项。 24．It’s impolite for anyone else to ________ when someone is talking. A．cut up B．cut in C．cut off D．cut down 【答案】B 【解析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：别人说话时打断是不礼貌的。A. cut up切碎；B. cut in打断(谈话)，插嘴；C. cut off切除；D. cut down裁短；减少。根据下文“when someone is talking”可知是打断别人说话是不礼貌的，故选B。 25．To our surprise, crowds of people ______ to watch the charity performance. A．turned out B．turned down C．broke out D．broke down 【答案】A 【解析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：令我们吃惊的是，成群的人出来观看慈善演出。A. turned out参加，结果是；B. turned down拒绝；C. broke out爆发；D. broke down出故障。根据后文“watch the charity performance”指成群的人出来观看慈善演出。故选A。 26．I think Helen Keller is a good writer. She met many difficulties in her life but she never ______. A．gave up B．went out C．sat down D．ran around 【答案】A 【解析】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：我认为海伦·凯勒是个好作家。她在生活中遇到了许多困难，但她从未放弃。A. gave up放弃；B. went out出去；熄灭；C. sat down坐下；D. ran around环绕。根据“She met many difficulties in her life”可知，海伦·凯勒从未放弃生活中遇到的困难。故选A。 27．The manager __________ meeting with the team to discuss the new project proposal. A．belonged to B．insisted on C．judged from D．figured out 【答案】B 【解析】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：经理坚持要和团队开会讨论新的项目建议。A. belonged to属于；B. insisted on坚持；C. judged from根据……判断；D. figured out弄清楚。根据下文“discuss the new project proposal.”可知，经理坚持要和团队开会讨论新的项目建议。故选B项。 28．Even though the project faced many challenges, we decided to________ and complete it successfully. A．carry out B．carry away C．carry on D．carry over 【答案】C 【解析】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：尽管这个项目面临许多挑战，我们还是决定继续下去，并成功地完成它。A.carry out实施；B. carry away拿走；C.carry on继续做，坚持干；D. carry over使持续下去。根据下文“complete it successfully”可知，我们还是决定继续下去，并成功地完成它。故选C项。 29．The temptation for a declining church to ______ old privileges is strong. A．hang on to B．settle for C．pass up D．sign for 【答案】A 【解析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：对于一个衰落的教会来说，紧紧抓住旧特权不放的诱惑是强大的。A.hang on to紧紧抓住；B.settle for勉强接受；C.pass up错过；D.sign for签收。由下文的old privileges可知，表示：紧紧抓住旧特权，故选A。 30．When we ______ the data further, we can identify specific trends and patterns that may not be evident at first glance. A．break up B．break out C．break through D．break down 【答案】D 【解析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：当我们进一步分解数据时，我们可以识别出第一眼可能不明显的特定趋势和模式。A. break up分裂，分手；B. break out爆发；C. break through突破；D. break down分解。结合语境可知，空格处应表达“分解”数据以便深入分析，故用break down。故选D。 重难·创新演练 设题创新:一带一路（P1）；中国之行（P2） 考向创新：完形填空动词词组的辨析。 考向04 语法填空中的动词综合考查 1 【新情境·一带一路】（2026届北京市海淀区高三期末英语试题） 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 In the early winter of southern Hubei, more than a dozen Belt and Road media representatives from different countries arrived in Chibi — an ancient city ____14____ heritage includes both the battlefield memories of the Three Kingdoms and the enduring legacy of tea. Following the historic tracks of the Tea Road, they explored the thousand-year-old relics ____15____ (preserve) from the Three Kingdoms battlefield. Through immersive experiences, they uncovered the timeless stories of Qingzhuan Tea, ____16____ (learn) how Chinese-style modernization encourages cultural exchange and mutual understanding among people. 【答案】14. whose 15. preserved 16. learning 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了来自不同国家的十多位“一带一路”媒体代表来到赤壁，探寻三国战场记忆和茶文化遗迹，通过沉浸式体验了解青砖茶故事及中式现代化对文化交流的促进作用。 【14题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：在鄂南初冬时节，来自不同国家的十多位“一带一路”媒体代表抵达赤壁——这座古城的文化遗产既包括三国的战场记忆，也包括悠久的茶文化。“　　 heritage includes both the battlefield memories of...”是限制性定语从句，修饰先行词an ancient city，关系词将其代入从句中定语，修饰名词heritage，表示“这座古城的文化遗产”，应用表示所属关系的关系代词whose来引导该定语从句。故填whose。 【15题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：沿着万里茶道的历史轨迹，他们探寻了三国战场上保存下来的千年遗迹。“(preserve) from the Three Kingdoms battlefield”作后置定语修饰名词relics，preserve(保存)用非谓语动词形式，与其逻辑主语relics之间是被动关系，表示“被保存下来的遗迹”，用过去分词表被动。故填preserved。 【16题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：通过沉浸式体验，他们发掘了青砖茶的永恒故事，了解到中式现代化如何促进人们之间的文化交流和相互理解。“(learn) how Chinese-style modernization encourages cultural exchange and mutual understanding among people”在句中作状语，learn(了解)用非谓语动词形式，与其逻辑主语they之间是主动关系，用现在分词表主动。故填learning。 2 【新情境·中国之行】（2026届北京市朝阳区高三期末一模试题） 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 To Benjamin and Loic, two Frenchmen, China was a distant yet fascinating place, a name more often ____17____ (find) in headlines. In September 2023, the two friends decided to walk all the way to China, ____18____ (choose) to keep their journey low-carbon. They quit their jobs, packed only essentials and accepted that the road ahead ____19____ (last) over a year. China, which they entered after a yearlong journey, marked a milestone, not just in geographical terms, but emotionally. By the time they arrived in Lanzhou, they ____20____ (be) on the road for about 450 days. 【答案】17. found 18. choosing 19. would last 20. had been 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了两位法国人本杰明和洛伊克辞去了工作，踏上了低碳之旅前往中国。经过约 450 天的行程，他们抵达了兰州，中国成为了他们此次旅程的一个重要里程碑。 【17题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：对于本杰明和洛伊克这两位法国人来说，中国是一个遥远而又充满魅力的地方，这个名字常常出现在新闻头条上。分析句子可知，此处为非谓语动词作后置定语修饰name，name与find是被动关系（名字“被出现在”头条中），用过去分词作后置定语。故填found。 【18题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：2023 年 9 月，这两位朋友决定一路步行前往中国，他们选择让自己的旅程尽可能低碳。分析句子可知，此处为非谓语动词作状语，主语the two friends与 choose为主动关系，所以为现在分词作伴随状语。故填choosing。 【19题详解】 考查动词时态。句意：他们辞去了工作，只携带了必需品，并接受了前方道路将持续超过一年的现实。分析句子可知，主句谓语accepted 为一般过去时，宾语从句表达“当时看来前路将会持续一年多”，用过去将来时。故填would last。 【20题详解】 考查动词时态。句意：当他们抵达兰州时，他们已经在路上走了大约 450 天。分析句子可知，by the time + 一般过去时，主句常用过去完成时，表示“截止到过去某个时间已经……”。故填had been。 考向05 完形填空中的动词及动词词组考查 Cloze 1 【新考向·完形考查动词词组】（2026北京市海淀区 期末)Everyone loves giving advice, always ready to share their wisdom — but not every piece of advice actually helps. The worst I’ve ever been offered is “just be yourself”. It happened on the morning of my English presentation on Of Mice and Men. I was nervous, but ___1___. I had practised for hours and printed my notecards. But just minutes before I began, my friend Sam leaned over and said, “Don’t stress. Just be yourself.” “Be myself?” My nerves instantly went on edge, “Which ___2___? The awkward, overthinking one that makes weird jokes under pressure, or the one that repeatedly says ‘thank you’ no matter what?” There was no time to negotiate with my ___3___ personalities. My name was called. I stood up, took a deep breath, and decided to ___4___ Sam’s advice. ___5___ I’d “speak from the heart,” I abandoned the notecards. Bad move. The first sentence came out fine, but the second involved ___6___ the key word “symbolism”. By the third, I quoted a motto that didn’t even exist. “Just be yourself.” I thought, as I noticed the ___7___ on the faces of audience. By the time I sat down, I had sweated through my shirt, forgotten half my points, but gained a new ___8___for notecards, script and structure. I learned that “be yourself” is ___9___ good advice when your “self” is calm, prepared, and maybe has a solid outline. In high-pressure moments, it’s better to be your best self: the version that practices, plans ahead, and knows when to stick to the script. Now, when someone tells me to “just be yourself,” I smile, thank them, and ___10___ my notecards. 1. A. prepared B. pleased C. encouraged D. enlightened 2. A. stage B. level C. version D. class 3. A. flexible B. multiple C. charming D. strong 4. A. take B. confirm C. seek D. ignore 5. A. Pretending B. Admitting C. Figuring D. Recalling 6. A. defining B. discussing C. highlighting D. forgetting 7. A. concern B. confusion C. contentment D. curiosity 8. A. requirement B. replacement C. application D. appreciation 9. A. only B. always C. even D. still 10. A. set aside B. pull out C. take away D. bring back 【答案】1. A 2. C 3. B 4. A 5. C 6. D 7. B 8. D 9. A 10. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述作者在英语演讲前收到“做自己”的建议，践行后演讲失利，从中领悟到高压场景下需做好准备、展现最佳自我的道理。 【1题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我很紧张，但已经做好了准备。A. prepared 准备好的；B. pleased 高兴的；C. encouraged 受鼓舞的；D. enlightened 有启发的。根据下文“I had practised for hours and printed my notecards.”可知，作者练习了数小时还打印了笔记卡，说明已经做好了准备，prepared符合语境。故选A。 【2题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：哪个版本的我？是那个尴尬、想太多，压力大时会讲奇怪笑话的我，还是那个无论发生什么都反复说“谢谢”的我？A. stage 阶段；B. level 水平；C. version 版本；D. class 等级。根据后文“The awkward, overthinking one that makes weird jokes under pressure, or the one that repeatedly says ‘thank you’ no matter what?””列举的两种不同性格表现，可知作者是在质疑“做自己”中的“自己”具体指哪个版本的自己，version符合语境。故选C。 【3题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我没有时间纠结自己的多重性格。A. flexible 灵活的；B. multiple 多重的；C. charming 迷人的；D. strong 坚强的。根据上文“The awkward, overthinking one that makes weird jokes under pressure, or the one that repeatedly says ‘thank you’ no matter what?””列举两种不同的自我形象可知，说明其性格具有多重性，multiple符合语境。故选B。 【4题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我站起来，深吸一口气，决定采纳山姆的建议。A. take 采纳，接受；B. confirm 确认；C. seek 寻找；D. ignore 忽视。根据下文“I’d ‘speak from the heart,’ I abandoned the notecards.”可知，作者放弃了笔记卡，发自内心地演讲，说明采纳了山姆的建议，take advice为固定搭配，意为“采纳建议”，符合语境。故选A。 【5题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：想着要“发自内心地演讲”，我扔掉了笔记卡。A. Pretending 假装；B. Admitting 承认；C. Figuring 认为，想着；D. Recalling 回忆。根据下文“I abandoned the notecards”可知，作者内心想着要发自内心演讲，所以扔掉了笔记卡。故选C。 【6题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：第一句话说得还不错，但第二句就忘了关键词“象征主义”。A. defining 定义；B. discussing 讨论；C. highlighting 强调；D. forgetting 忘记。根据后文“By the third, I quoted a motto that didn’t even exist.”可知，作者演讲出现失误，此处指忘记了关键词，forgetting符合语境。故选D。 【7题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：“就做自己吧。”我一边想，一边注意到观众脸上困惑的表情。A. concern 担忧；B. confusion 困惑；C. contentment 满足；D. curiosity 好奇。根据上文“By the third, I quoted a motto that didn’t even exist.”可知，引用不存在的格言，观众应是感到困惑的，confusion符合语境。故选B。 【8题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：等我坐下时，衬衫已经被汗水浸湿，忘记了一半的观点，但却对笔记卡、稿子和结构有了新的重视。A. requirement 要求；B. replacement 替代；C. application 应用；D. appreciation 重视，感激。根据上文“ I abandoned the notecards”和“By the third, I quoted a motto that didn’t even exist.”以及“ forgotten half my points”可知，作者因放弃笔记卡而演讲失利，由此意识到笔记卡等的重要性，获得了新的重视，appreciation符合语境。故选D。 【9题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：我明白了，只有当你的“自我”是冷静的、有准备的，而且可能有一个清晰的大纲时，“做自己”才是好建议。A. only 只有；B. always 总是；C. even 甚至；D. still 仍然。根据下文“In high-pressure moments, it’s better to be your best self...”可知，“做自己”并非在所有情况下都是好建议，只有在特定条件下才适用，only符合语境。故选A。 【10题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：现在，当有人告诉我“就做自己”时，我会微笑着感谢他们，然后拿出我的笔记卡。A. set aside 搁置；B. pull out 拿出；C. take away 拿走；D. bring back 带回。结合前文作者的教训，可知现在作者会重视准备工作，收到“做自己”的建议后，会拿出笔记卡做好准备，pull out符合语境，呼应上文“I abandoned the notecards.”故选B。 Cloze 2 【新考向·完形考查动词词组】（2026北京市朝阳区一模)Not knowing how to ride a bike as an adult became a joke about me. It affected my self-esteem. Hannah, my best friend, noticed and offered to teach me. We walked a bike to the park. I won’t lie: the ____1____ self-talk was coming in hot. “I’ll never be able to do this and I am not ready.” In the park, the lesson began exactly as I suspected. Worse still, the pedal had cut my ankle. “This is not working,” I wailed (哀号). “I was stupid for ____2____! I shouldn’t have bothered!” “Wait here,” Hannah said before riding off. I shouldn’t have been ____3____ at all. “Who would want to be around someone who couldn’t even gather up the resilience (韧性) for an hour?” But another thought popped in. “Who says you’re not resilient?” I ____4____ it, exploring all the times I had been resilient, when I had ____5____ hard things, and how proud I had been. The longer I thought, the stronger my ____6____ grew. When Hannah headed back, I was determined to take the lesson and try my best. She pulled up with two things that made everything even ____7____: my favourite coffee and a tool to remove the pedals so that I could practice rolling and learn balance. Around mid-morning, I was rolling down the hill. That afternoon, with great pride, I was riding, which was a great big “____8____” to my self-doubt. Months later, I fully accepted this ____9____ of thinking when riding again. Yes, I had shaky moments, but instead of ____10____ my abilities, I reminded myself, “You’ve done this before, and you can do it again.” With kindness from a loving friend, I have become someone who loves myself — and knows how to ride a bike. 1. A. gentle B. negative C. calming D. greedy 2. A. arguing B. crying C. moving D. trying 3. A. happy B. patient C. surprised D. worried 4. A. followed B. interrupted C. produced D. shared 5. A. forgotten B. overcome C. considered D. abandoned 6. A. duty B. control C. resolve D. tension 7. A. easier B. richer C. safer D. fairer 8. A. shut up B. move on C. stand by D. wake up 9. A. cost B. role C. root D. change 10. A. using B. testing C. improving D. questioning 【答案】1. B 2. D 3. C 4. A 5. B 6. C 7. A 8. A 9. D 10. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述作者成年后不会骑自行车，在好友汉娜帮助下，克服自我怀疑，最终学会骑车并改变思维方式的经历。 【1题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我不会说谎：消极的自我对话如潮水般涌来。“我永远做不到这件事，而且我还没准备好。”A. gentle温柔的；B. negative消极的；C. calming平静的；D. greedy贪婪的。根据后文作者说“I’ll never be able to do this and I am not ready.”可知，这些都是消极的自我对话。故选B项。 【2题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：“这样不行，”我哀号道，“我尝试这件事真是太蠢了！我本就不该自找麻烦的！”A. arguing争论；B. crying哭泣；C. moving移动；D. trying尝试。根据前文“ Not knowing how to ride a bike as an adult became a joke about me. It affected my self-esteem. Hannah, my best friend, noticed and offered to teach me. We walked a bike to the park.”以及“Worse still, the pedal had cut my ankle.”可知，作者在学习骑自行车，觉得自己尝试学骑车这个行为很愚蠢。故选D项。 【3题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我根本不应该感到惊讶。“谁会想和一个连一小时的韧性都没有的人在一起呢？”A. happy开心的；B. patient耐心的；C. surprised惊讶的；D. worried担忧的。根据前文““Wait here,” Hannah said before riding off.”可知，朋友汉娜骑走离开，作者以为对方放弃了自己，感到很沮丧，自我否定，认为自己连一小时练习都坚持不了，朋友离开是理所当然的，自己不应该为此感到惊讶。故选C项。 【4题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我顺着这个想法，回想着所有我曾有韧性的时候，那些我克服困难的时候，以及我曾多么自豪。A. followed跟随，顺着；B. interrupted打断；C. produced生产；D. shared分享。根据前文““Who says you’re not resilient?””可知，作者顺着这个想法，开始回想自己有韧性的时刻。故选A项。 【5题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我顺着这个想法，回想着所有我曾有韧性的时候，那些我克服困难的时候，以及我曾多么自豪。A. forgotten忘记；B. overcome克服；C. considered考虑；D. abandoned抛弃。根据前文“exploring all the times I had been resilient”以及后文“how proud I had been.”可知，是克服困难的时候体现出韧性。故选B项。 【6题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我想得越久，我的决心就越坚定。A. duty责任；B. control控制；C. resolve决心；D. tension紧张。根据前文“exploring all the times I had been resilient”以及下文“When Hannah headed back, I was determined to take the lesson and try my best. ”可知，作者回想自己曾经有韧性克服困难的时刻，想要重新尝试的决心越来越强烈。故选C项。 【7题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她带着两样东西回来，让一切变得更容易了：我最喜欢的咖啡，以及一个用来拆掉踏板的工具，这样我就可以练习滑行并学习平衡。A. easier更容易的；B. richer更富有的；C. safer更安全的；D. fairer更公平的。根据后文“a tool to remove the pedals so that I could practice rolling and learn balance.”以及“That afternoon, with great pride, I was riding”提到的拆掉踏板练习滑行学习平衡以及作者之后学会骑车可知，这两样东西让学骑车变得更容易。故选A项。 【8题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：那天下午，我非常自豪，我学会骑车了，这对我的自我怀疑来说是一个响亮的“闭嘴”。A. shut up闭嘴；B. move on继续前进；C. stand by支持，袖手旁观；D. wake up醒来。根据前文“That afternoon, with great pride, I was riding”可知，作者学会骑车，用实际行动回应了之前的自我怀疑，相当于让自我怀疑“闭嘴”。故选A项。 【9题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：几个月后，再次骑车时，我完全接受了这种思维方式的转变。A. cost花费；B. role角色；C. root根源；D. change改变。根据前文“which was a great big “____” to my self-doubt.”以及后文“I reminded myself, “You’ve done this before, and you can do it again.””可知，作者从之前怀疑自己到现在相信自己，作者的思维方式发生了改变。故选D项。 【10题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：是的，我有过摇摆不定的时刻，但我不再质疑自己的能力，而是提醒自己：“你以前做到过，你还能再做到。”A. using使用；B. testing测试；C. improving提高；D. questioning质疑。根据前文作者思维方式转变，以及后文“I reminded myself, “You’ve done this before, and you can do it again.””鼓励自己的话可知，作者不再质疑自己的能力。故选D项。 真题·实战演练 高频考点：动词的时态、语态与主谓一致；非谓语动词；动词短语 一、语法填空 1. 【新情境·机器人创造】（2026届北京市东城区高三期末二模试题） 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 Evan Budz, a 15-year-old from Canada, won first place at the 36th EU Contest for Young Scientists with his autonomous bionic sea turtle robot. He ____14____ (inspire) when he observed the movement of real turtles during a camping trip. His design enables smoother movement through water, ____15____ (reduce) impact on the delicate underwater ecosystems. ____16____ an AI-powered computer vision system, the robot monitors coral health and aids underwater surveys and coral reef protection. Budz’s innovation shows young people’s remarkable capability ____17____ (tackle) complex technical and environmental challenges. 【答案】14. was inspired 15. reducing 16. With 17. to tackle 【解析】 【导语】这篇文章主要介绍了加拿大15岁少年 Evan Budz 凭借自主仿生海龟机器人斩获欧盟青年科学家大赛一等奖，介绍了该机器人的设计灵感、优势、人工智能功能以及这项创新体现出年轻人应对科技与环境难题的能力。 【14题详解】 考查时态语态。句意：他在一次露营旅行中观察真实海龟的游动时，受到了启发。事情发生在过去，用一般过去时，主语He和inspire为被动关系，用一般过去时的被动语态was inspired。 【15题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：他的设计能让水下游动更加平稳，减少对脆弱水下生态系统的影响。句中已有谓语动词enables，故空处需填非谓语动词，此处表示自然而然带来的结果，用现在分词reducing作结果状语。 【16题详解】 考查介词。句意：借助一套人工智能计算机视觉系统，这款机器人能够监测珊瑚健康状况，助力水下勘测与珊瑚礁保护工作。空格后为名词短语，需用介词With表示“凭借、借助”。 【17题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：Budz的创新成果展现了年轻人应对复杂技术与环境挑战的非凡能力。固定搭配capability to do sth.表示“做某事的能力”，用不定式to tackle作后置定语。 2 【新情境·阅读障碍】（北京师范大学第二附属中学2024-2025学年高三下学期统练3英语试题) 阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。请在答题卡指定区域作答。 Skye has realized that she is one of the lucky kids who 1 (identify) as a sufferer of dyslexia (阅读障碍) so far. She knows that educating teachers about dyslexia and giving students with the learning challenge the tools they need is a great first step in meeting dyslexia head on, and 2 (help) them be confident, capable students. “Right now they feel 3 (stick) — ashamed, unsure and insecure about their school work. If I could help stop these students feeling this way, that would mean the world to me.” 【答案】1．have been identified 2．helping 3．stuck 【解析】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了Skye意识到自己是阅读障碍患者，并希望通过教育教师和提供工具来帮助有类似情况的学生建立自信。 1．考查时态和语态。句意：Skye意识到自己是迄今为止被认定为阅读障碍患者之一的幸运孩子之一。空格处是who引导的定语从句的谓语动词，who指代先行词the lucky kids，与“identify”之间是被动关系，且根据“so far”可知，动作发生在过去，对现在有影响，故用现在完成时被动语态。故填have been identified。 2．考查非谓语动词。句意：她知道教育教师了解阅读障碍，并为有学习挑战的学生提供他们所需的工具，是直面阅读障碍的重要第一步，并帮助他们成为自信、有能力的学生。作介词in的宾语，与meeting并列，用动名词helping作宾语。故填helping。 3．考查非谓语动词。句意：现在他们感到困顿——对自己的学业感到羞愧、不确定和不安全。they与stick为被动关系，此处feel为系动词，后接过去分词stuck作表语。故填stuck。 3 【新情境·反向努力法则】（北京大学附属中学2024-2025学年高三下学期开学考英语试题) 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容或括号内所给词的恰当形式填空。 The concept of the law of reversed effort was defined by writer and philosopher Aldous Huxley. He explained the 1 (hard) we try with the conscious will to do something, the less we shall succeed. Effort 2   (become)a paradox (悖论). It is like swimming against the current in a river. We can swim upstream, using all our might 3 (fight) the rushing water and still not get close to where we need to be. Or we can let the current take us downstream and find a different spot to get out of the water. 【答案】1．harder 2．becomes 3．to fight 【解析】这是一篇说明文，主要介绍了作家兼哲学家奥尔德斯・赫胥黎定义的“反向努力法则”的概念，并通过在河中游泳的例子进行说明。 1．考查副词的比较级。句意：他解释说，我们越是有意识地努力去做某件事，我们成功的可能性就越小。根据下文“the less we shall succeed(我们成功的可能性就越小)”可知此处使用了“the + 比较级，the + 比较级”的结构，意为“越……，越……”，此处应填hard的比较级harder，故填harder。 2．考查动词时态。句意：努力变成了一个悖论。此处描述的是一个客观事实，应用一般现在时，主语Effort是单数，所以谓语动词become要用第三人称单数形式becomes，故填becomes。 3．考查非谓语动词。句意：我们可以逆流而上，竭尽全力与湍急的水流作斗争，但仍然无法靠近我们需要到达的地方。空白处在句子中作状语表示目的，使用动词不定式，故填to fight。 4． 【新情境·人间善意】（2025届北京市丰台区高三下学期一模考试英语试题） Last December, I ordered a warm hamburger at a food store. As I left the store, I noticed there was an older poor gentleman 1 (sit) at the bus stop. Knowing it would probably be his only warm meal of the day, I 2 (give) him the hamburger. But all was not lost for me. Another customer offered me half of her hamburger. I was so delighted because I realised that 3 one way or another, we are all looked after. 【答案】1．sitting 2．gave 3．in 【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者把一个汉堡给了一位贫穷的老人，然后得到另外一位顾客的半个汉堡作为回报。 1．考查非谓语动词。句意：当我离开商店时，我注意到公共汽车站坐着一位贫穷的老先生。句中已有谓语动词，所以用非谓语动词形式。名词an older poor gentleman与sit之间为主动关系，所以用现在分词作后置定语。 故填sitting。 2．考查时态。句意：我知道这可能是他一天中唯一一顿热乎乎的饭，于是我把汉堡给了他。空处为句子谓语动词，根据文章可知，陈述过去事情，用一般过去时。故填gave。 3．考查介词。句意：我非常高兴，因为我意识到，无论如何，我们都被照顾着。in one way or another” 是固定短语，意为“以某种方式；不管怎样”。故填in。 5 【新情境·脑科学】（北京市北京师范大学第二附属中学2024-2025学年高三下学期英语统练5） 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 Information in your brain 1 (collect), stored and recalled by neural pathways. These pathways are responsible for your abilities to solve problems, remember familiar faces and tasks, without paying a ton of efforts. Millions of these neural pathways begin developing from the time 2 you are growing into a baby. 3 (keep) our memory healthy, we need to create new pathways continually. 【答案】1．is collected 2．when 3．To keep 【解析】本文为一篇说明文，介绍了大脑如何保持健康记忆力。 1．考查动词时态和语态。句意：大脑中的信息是通过神经通路收集、储存和回忆的。空处作谓语，information与动词collect构成逻辑上的被动关系，句子描述科学事实，用一般现在时的被动语态，主语为不可数名词，be动词用is。故填is collected。 2．考查定语从句。句意：数以百万计的神经通路从你成长为婴儿的时候就开始发育。空处引导限制性定语从句，代替先行词time在从句中作时间状语，用关系副词when引导。故填when。 3．考查非谓语动词。句意：为了保持我们的记忆健康，我们需要不断地创造新的路径。空处表示目的，用不定式作目的状语，放在句首，首字母大写。故填To keep。 6 【新情境·教师与幽默】（2025届北京市平谷区高三下学期质量监控（一模）英语试题) 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容或括号内所给词的恰当形式填空。 Humor is a balancing act and BrainPOP, an educational platform, can help teachers create an appropriate balance because the 1 (learn) activities support any course in a dynamic and kid-friendly way. Julie Kuzma from a public school agrees. She   2 (appreciate) that humor is a significant content principle BrainPOP employs. She also emphasizes that humor in the classroom is not about making jokes but about 3 you make students feel a certain way. In her experience, humor builds trust and makes students feel connected and 4 (see). “If you can make them smile, you know that you're on the right track and you've lightened their day a little bit. ” 【答案】1．learning 2．appreciates 3．how 4．seen 【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了幽默在教育中的重要性，以及BrainPOP平台如何通过幽默帮助教师创造适当的学习氛围。 1．考查动名词。句意：BrainPOP平台可以帮助教师创造适当的学习氛围，因为其学习活动以一种动态且适合孩子的方式支持任何课程。名词learning作定语修饰名词。故填learning。 2．考查时态和主谓一致。句意：她认为幽默是BrainPOP采用的一个重要内容原则。主语“She”是第三人称单数，且句子在陈述现在的情况，为一般现在时，故动词。故填appreciates。 3．考查连接副词。句意：她还强调，课堂上的幽默不是为了讲笑话，而是关于你如何让学生感受到某种情绪。设空处需要引导宾语从句，表示方式，故用“how”。故填how。 4．考查过去分词。句意：在她的经验中，幽默可以建立信任，让学生感到彼此联系和被关注。空处为非谓语动词，students与see为被动关系，用过去分词作feel的表语。故填seen。 7 【新情境·海南自由贸易港】（2025届北京市平谷区高三下学期质量监控（一模）英语试题) 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容或括号内所给词的恰当形式填空。 Hainan Free Trade Port is 1 (large) free trade port in the world, with rich tourism resources and unique culture. There are beautiful beaches, quality hot springs, unique rainforests, rich cuisine and wedding tourism bases. Hainan also pays attention to the development of sports tourism and until now, it 2 (build) a national sports training southern base and a series of sports activities. In addition, Hainan also has a wealth of shopping and duty-free shops, where shopkeepers offer a variety of specialty goods and experiences. With its high-quality services and diverse and inclusive cultural atmosphere, Hainan 3 (sincere) welcomes tourists from all over the world to experience a unique island trip. 【答案】1．the largest 2．has built 3．sincerely 【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了海南自由贸易港作为全球最大自由贸易港的旅游资源、体育旅游发展、购物及免税店特色，以及其对全球游客的真诚欢迎。 1．考查形容词最高级。句意：海南自由贸易港是世界上最大的自由贸易港，拥有丰富的旅游资源和独特的文化。根据句中in the world可知，空处应用形容词large的最高级形式the largest来修饰free trade port，表示“最大的自由贸易港”。故填the largest。 2．考查时态。句意：海南也重视体育旅游的发展，到目前为止，已经建成了一座国家体育训练南方基地和一系列体育活动。根据时间状语until now可知，谓语动词build应用现在完成时，主语是it，助动词用has。故填has built。 3．考查副词。句意：海南以其优质的服务和多元包容的文化氛围，真诚欢迎世界各地的游客来体验独特的海岛之旅。空处修饰动词welcomes，应用副词sincerely“真诚地”，作状语。故填sincerely。 8 【新情境·照片编辑】（北京市延庆区2024-2025学年高三下学期2月月考英语试题) 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 A recent study published in BMC Psychology suggests that editing photos can 14 (negative) impact how individuals perceive their attractiveness and overall self-esteem. This connection seems to be influenced by comparing physical appearance and 15 (treat) oneself as an object. These results serve as a warning to social media users to be aware of the potential negative effects of using photo-editing tools or filters. Nowadays, social media 16 (use) by millions of people to connect and share their lives. However, research suggests that excessive use of social media may lead to mental health issues like depression and 17 (anxious). 【答案】1．negatively 2．treating 3．is used 4．anxiety 【解析】本文是说明文。主要介绍了编辑照片对个人自我认知和心理健康的影响，并警示社交媒体用户注意其潜在负面影响。 1．考查副词。句意：最近发表在《BMC心理学》上的一项研究表明，编辑照片会对个人对自己的吸引力和整体自尊的看法产生负面影响。空处修饰空后的动词，用副词negatively修饰。故填negatively。 2．考查非谓语动词。句意：这种联系似乎受到比较外表和把自己当作物体的影响。根据空前的and可知，空处应和前文的comparing并列，应填动名词形式。故填treating。 3．考查动词时态和语态。句意：如今，数以百万计的人使用社交媒体来联系和分享他们的生活。use作本句谓语，根据空后的by可知，用被动语态，描述客观事实，用一般现在时，主语为第三人称单数，故填is used。 4．考查名词。句意：然而，研究表明，过度使用社交媒体可能会导致抑郁和焦虑等心理健康问题。根据空前的and可知，空处和前文的depression并列，应填名词作宾语，anxious的名词形式是anxiety。故填anxiety。 9 【新情境·中国太空培育新作物】（北京市延庆区2024-2025学年高三下学期2月月考英语试题) 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 By sending seeds on short trips into space, China is developing new crop varieties. This process, 18 (know) as space breeding, exposes seeds to cosmic radiation, which changes their genes and leads to the creation of new varieties with greater diversity. Since China’s first space breeding experiment in August 1987, the country 19 (send) seeds from thousands of plant species into space. This has resulted in the development of nearly 1,000 new plant varieties. The technology reportedly helps increase China’s annual grain production 20 2 million tons and produces direct economic benefits exceeding 100 billion yuan. 【答案】1．known 2．has sent 3．by 【解析】本文是说明文。主要介绍了中国通过太空育种技术培育新作物品种的过程和成果。 1．考查非谓语动词。句意：这个过程被称为太空育种，将种子暴露在宇宙辐射中，这改变了它们的基因，并导致创造出更多样化的新品种。本句已有谓语动词exposes，所以konw用非谓语形式作后置定语，此处是固定搭配：be known as意为“被称为”，去掉be动词。故填known。 2．考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：自287年8月中国首次进行太空育种实验以来，中国已将数千种植物的种子送入太空。send作本句谓语，根据since可知，用现在完成时，主语为第三人称单数。故填has sent。 3．考查介词。句意：据报道，这项技术帮助中国每年增加30万吨粮食产量，产生的直接经济效益超过1000亿元。表示数量变化的幅度时，用介词“by”。此处指“每年粮食产量增加30万吨”。故填by。 10. 【新情境·社会科学】（北京市北京师范大学第二附属中学2024-2025学年高三下学期英语统练4） 阅读下面短文, 根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词, 在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。请在答题卡指定区域作答。 In everyday life, the question of 1 we should think things through or instead go with our heart is a frequent and important one. Recent studies 2 (show ) that even gathering just a little bit more evidence may help us avoid a major mistake. Sometimes the most important decision 3 we make can be to take some more time before making a choice. 【答案】1．whether 2．show/have shown 3．that 【解析】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了在日常生活中，我们是应该把事情想清楚，还是应该随心而行，这是一个经常出现的重要问题。最近的研究表明，即使多收集一点证据，也可能帮助我们避免犯重大错误。 1．考查固定句型。句意：在日常生活中，我们是应该把事情想清楚，还是应该随心而行，这是一个经常出现的重要问题。根据句意可知，这里表达“我们是应该深思熟虑还是应该随心所欲”这样一个问题，“whether...or...”是固定搭配，意为 “是……还是……”。故填whether。 2．考查动词时态。句意：最近的研究表明，即使多收集一点证据，也可能帮助我们避免犯重大错误。根据时间状语“Recent studies”（最近的研究）以及句子的语境可知，此处可以强调从过去到现在的研究结果，用现在完成时。现在完成时的结构是“have/has + 过去分词”，主语 “Recent studies”是复数，助动词用 have，“show”的过去分词是shown。也可以强调一般事实，用一般现在时。故填show/have shown。 3．考查定语从句。句意：有时候，我们做的最重要的决定是在做出选择之前多花点时间。分析句子可知， 设空处引导定语从句，先行词是“decision”，且先行词被最高级“the most important” 修饰，在定语从句中，当先行词被最高级修饰时，关系代词只能用 that，所以此处应填that。故填that。 11 【新情境·网络安全】（北京市北京师范大学第二附属中学2024-2025学年高三下学期英语统练4） 阅读下面短文, 根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词, 在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。请在答题卡指定区域作答。 Erinna 1 (move) by her son’s haircut. She shared a video online, which has gotten millions of views. 2 (give) the huge response, Erinna also set up a special GoFundMe to support her son’s hairdresser 3 (make) sure she’s able to continue to work and replace any lost income from the impact of the pandemic (流行病). 【答案】1．was moved 2．Given 3．to make 【解析】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了Erinna在网络上分享儿子的发型视频走红，还设立了GoFundMe来支持她儿子的理发师。 1．考查时态语态。句意：Erinna被儿子的发型感动了。主语Erinna与谓语构成被动关系，且发生在过去，用一般过去时的被动语态，谓语用单数。故填was moved。 2．考查介词。句意：鉴于巨大的反响，Erinna还设立了一个特别的GoFundMe来支持她儿子的理发师，以确保她能够继续工作，并弥补因疫情影响而损失的收入。后跟名词作宾语，表示“鉴于”应用介词given，首字母大写。故填Given。 3．考查非谓语动词。句意：鉴于巨大的反响，Erinna还设立了一个特别的GoFundMe来支持她儿子的理发师，以确保她能够继续工作，并弥补因疫情影响而损失的收入。此处make作目的状语，用不定式。故填to make。 12 【新情境·社会生活】（北京市延庆区2024-2025学年高三下学期2月月考英语试题) 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 Standing in the train home, I noticed a woman sitting nearby 1 was knitting intently. Her needles pulled a single string from a bag on the floor while the square she was working on 2 (grow) ever larger. I put away my reading and surprised to gaze at her fingers. When the train got to my stop, I moved toward the door, and she looked up to see 3 we were. I gave her a broad smile and two thumbs up. She smiled back shyly, and then cast her eyes back down to her work. 【答案】1．who/that 2．grew 3．where 【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者在回家的火车上，看到一位女士专注编织，下车时作者向她微笑并竖起大拇指，女士也回以微笑。 1．考查定语从句。句意：站在回家的火车上，我注意到附近坐着一位女士，她正专注地编织着。“___1___ was knitting intently”是限制性定语从句，修饰先行词a woman，指人，关系词将其代入从句中作主语，应使用关系代词who或者that引导该从句。故填who/that。 2．考查时态和主谓一致。句意：她的针从地板上的袋子里抽出一根线，而她正在织的方块越来越大。grow(变大)是状语从句中谓语动词，与主语the square之间是主动关系，根据语境可知，讲述过去的事情，用一般过去时态，谓语动词用过去式grew。故填grew。 3．考查宾语从句。句意：当火车到达我的站点时，我朝门口走去，她抬起头来看看我们到了哪里。“___3___ we were”是宾语从句，结合句意，表示“我们到了哪里”，用连接副词where引导该从句。故填where。 13 【新情境·日常课程流媒体】（北京大学附属中学2024-2025学年高三下学期开学考英语试题) 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容或括号内所给词的恰当形式填空。 Over the years, the volume of information students need to learn and remember 1 (grow), as claimed by various studies. The post-pandemic educational systems, in particular, have experienced a shift toward including streaming of everyday lectures 2 our daily lives, allowing various playback speed options. Research has explored how adjusting playback speed affects 3 (concentrate). It often finds it beneficial to increase playback speed (1.5x to 2x) when 4 (deal) with extensive lecture recordings. However, a notable drop in performance is observed when the speed exceeds 2x. 【答案】1．has grown 2．into 3．concentration 4．dealing 【解析】这是一篇说明文，主要讲述了多年来学生需要学习和记忆的信息量在增加，尤其是疫情后的教育系统向将日常课程流媒体融入日常生活转变，还探讨了调整播放速度对注意力的影响。 1．考查动词时态。句意：多年来，正如各种研究声称的那样，学生需要学习和记忆的信息量在增加。根据时间状语“Over the years”可知，句子表示的是过去发生的动作对现在的影响，谓语动词应用现在完成时，其结构为“have/has + 过去分词”，主语“the volume of information”是单数，助动词用has，grow的过去分词是grown，故填has grown。 2．考查介词。句意：尤其是疫情后的教育系统，已经经历了一种向将日常课程流媒体融入我们日常生活的转变，提供了各种播放速度选项。根据空白处下文“our daily lives(我们日常生活)”可知，此处表示 “融入，纳入”，使用固定短语“include...into...”，故填into。 3．考查名词。句意：研究已经探索了调整播放速度是如何影响注意力的。空白处在句子中作宾语，使用名词，concentrate是动词，其名词形式是concentration，意为“注意力”，是不可数名词，故填concentration。 4．考查非谓语动词。句意：研究经常发现，在处理大量的课程录音时，将播放速度提高到1.5倍到2倍是有益的。 deal with动词和其逻辑主语之间是主动关系，用现在分词作状语。此处为when引导的时间状语从句中的省略，故填dealing。 二、完形填空 Cloze 1 【新考向·完形考查动词词组】（2026北京市顺义区二模)It was a very depressing day. I was exhausted from lack of sleep, but the true ____1____ was emotional: I felt completely broken inside, with no idea what my future held. I had been studying medicine abroad, dreaming of becoming a doctor there, yet my financial situation forced me to make the ____2____ decision to return to my hometown — Sri Lanka, leaving behind my dream. On my departure morning, I took a regular bus to the capital city due to limited finances. The journey was slow, and heavy traffic delayed me. By the time I reached the city, I could barely breathe from ____3____. I rushed to catch the underground to the airport. Everything felt heavy: the noise, the crowds, the weight of my bags, even the air seemed to ____4____ against me. When I arrived at the airport, my nightmare (噩梦) ____5____. The flight gate was shut. It was the last day of my visa, and the staff said I needed to pay $100 for another flight, a huge amount for me. I broke down and cried ____6____ in front of the counter. Suddenly, I heard a strange, deep voice. “Don’t cry.” Turning around, I saw a man stepping forward. He ____7____ the money, helped me with the papers and even looked out for me right up until I boarded another flight. Before we ____8____, I took his address. After returning home, I sent him a thank-you card. He never replied, but I still remember him with ____9____. Now, wherever I can, I help others, passing on that same miracle of ____10____ I received in my greatest need and keeping the flame alive. 1. A. weight B. shame C. doubt D. distance 2. A. wise B. correct C. tough D. random 3. A. boredom B. anger C. loneliness D. worry 4. A. race B. press C. brush D. lean 5. A. returned B. faded C. ended D. deepened 6. A. silently B. constantly C. uncontrollably D. unreasonably 7. A. handed over B. paid back C. gave away D. picked up 8. A. reacted B. parted C. arrived D. settled 9. A. curiosity B. apology C. respect D. regret 10. A. praise B. understanding C. encouragement D. warmth 【答案】1. A 2. C 3. D 4. B 5. D 6. C 7. A 8. B 9. C 10. D 【解析】 【导语】本文主要讲的是作者因经济困境不得不放弃在国外学医当医生的梦想，回国途中又遭遇航班登机口关闭、需高额改签费等一系列糟心事，在机场崩溃大哭时，一位陌生男子伸出援手，帮作者付钱、处理文件并护送其登机。 【1题详解】 考查名词。句意：我很疲惫，因为缺乏睡眠，但真正的压力是情感上的：我内心完全崩溃了，不知道我的未来会怎样。A. weight重量；压力；B. shame羞愧；C. doubt怀疑；D. distance距离。根据后文“I felt completely broken inside, with no idea what my future held.”可知，作者内心崩溃，不知道未来会怎样，所以情感上压力很大。 【2题详解】 考查形容词。句意：我一直在国外学习医学，梦想在那里成为一名医生，然而我的经济状况迫使我做出回到家乡斯里兰卡的艰难决定，放弃我的梦想。A. wise明智的；B. correct正确的；C. tough艰难的；D. random随机的。根据上文“I had been studying medicine abroad, dreaming of becoming a doctor there, yet my financial situation forced me to”和下文“leaving behind my dream”可知，作者梦想要在国外当医生的，后来要放弃自己的梦想回到家乡，这个决定是艰难的。 【3题详解】 考查名词。句意：到达城市时，我因焦虑几乎喘不过气来。A. boredom无聊；B. anger愤怒；C. loneliness孤独；D. worry焦虑；担心。前文“The journey was slow, and heavy traffic delayed me”提到作者遇到交通拥堵而延误了，所以此时应是因焦虑而喘不过气。 【4题详解】 考查动词。句意：一切都很沉重：噪音、人群、我行李的重量，甚至空气似乎都在与我作对。A. race赛跑；B. press挤压；压迫；C. brush刷；D. lean倾斜。根据上文“Everything felt heavy”可知，作者觉得一切都很沉重，所以这里表示空气似乎都在给作者压迫感。 【5题详解】 考查动词。句意：当我到达机场时，我的噩梦加深了。A. returned返回；B. faded褪色；C. ended结束；D. deepened加深。根据下文“The flight gate was shut. It was the last day of my visa, and the staff said I needed to pay $100 for another flight, a huge amount for me”可知，航班登机口关闭，作者还需要再支付100美元才能搭乘另一趟航班，这对作者来说是一笔巨额费用，所以作者觉得噩梦加深了。 【6题详解】 考查副词。句意：我在柜台前失控地哭了起来。A. silently沉默地；B. constantly不断地；C. uncontrollably无法控制地；D. unreasonably不合理地。根据上文“I needed to pay $100 for another flight, a huge amount for me”和下文“I broke down and cried”可知，作者还要再花100美元买另外的航班，那是一笔巨额费用，所以作者哭得很厉害，无法控制。 【7题详解】 考查动词短语。句意：他递给我钱，帮我处理文件，甚至一直照顾我，直到我登上另一班飞机。A. handed over移交；递给；B. paid back偿还；C. gave away赠送；D. picked up捡起。根据下文“the money, helped me with the papers and even looked out for me right up”可知，男人来帮助作者，所以是递给作者钱买机票。 【8题详解】 考查动词。句意：在我们分别之前，我记下了他的地址。A. reacted反应；B. parted分别；C. arrived到达；D. settled定居。根据下文“I took his address”以及后文作者回家后给男人寄感谢卡可知，这里是在分别前记下地址。 【9题详解】 考查名词。句意：他从未回复，但我仍然怀着敬意记得他。A. curiosity好奇心；B. apology道歉；C. respect敬意；D. regret遗憾。根据上文“He ____ the money, helped me with the papers and even looked out for me right up until I boarded another flight”可知，男人帮助了作者，所以作者怀着敬意记得他。 【10题详解】 考查名词。句意：现在，无论何时，只要我能，我都会帮助别人，传递我在最需要的时候所收到的同样的温暖奇迹，让这团火焰继续燃烧。A. praise赞扬；B. understanding理解；C. encouragement鼓励；D. warmth温暖。根据上文“He ___ the money, helped me with the papers and even looked out for me right up until I boarded another flight”和“passing on that same miracle”可知，男人给予作者的帮助应该让作者感受到了温暖，所以作者也要传递这种温暖。 Cloze 2 【新考向·完形考查动词词组】Last Friday, our class had a chemistry test. Everyone looked ____1____ when Miss Clark walked in. “Turn off your phones and put them in your schoolbags,” she said. When the bell finally rang, I was ____2____ but relieved. I packed my things quickly and left the classroom. On the way home, I suddenly noticed my pocket felt unusually ____3____. “My phone!” I cried. I ran back. When I pushed open the door, I saw only one student inside — David, the quietest boy in our class, holding a phone. For a second, I felt ____4____. “Is that my phone?” I asked sharply. “Oh, yes,” he said quickly. “I was going to take it to the teacher’s office.” His face turned red. There was a small crack on the corner of the phone that only I would ____5____. I took it from him. There was an uncomfortable ____6____. I remembered the stories my classmates sometimes talked about him — that his family was poor and that he never had any nice things. That night, I could not fall asleep. Was he embarrassed because he had been ____7____, or because I did not trust him? The next morning before class, my classmates ____8____ about what had happened to me the day before. David stood up and said in a low voice, “Miss, may I say something?” He explained that he had found a phone and was ____9____ whose it was when I came back. “People think I might take things,” he added. “But I would never do that.” The classroom became completely silent. The teacher looked at him with gentle eyes. “Thank you for being honest, David,” she said. My face ____10____. 1. A. content B. nervous C. honest D. guilty 2. A. driven out B. found out C. left out D. worn out 3. A. light B. shallow C. tight D. neat 4. A. confident B. grateful C. doubtful D. impatient 5. A. recognise B. own C. forget D. treasure 6. A. topic B. truth C. question D. silence 7. A. caught B. told C. hurt D. understood 8. A. complained B. whispered C. worried D. thought 9. A. hoping B. calling C. discussing D. checking 10. A. fell B. softened C. burned D. paled 【答案】1. B 2. D 3. A 4. C 5. A 6. D 7. A 8. B 9. D 10. C 【解析】 【导语】文章主要讲述作者考试后误以为贫穷的同学David偷了自己手机，后来发现真相并感到羞愧的故事。 【1题详解】 考查形容词。句意：当克拉克老师走进来时，每个人看起来都很紧张。A. content满意的；B. nervous紧张的；C. honest诚实的；D. guilty内疚的。根据前文“our class had a chemistry test”可知，考试前学生很紧张。 【2题详解】 考查短语。句意：铃声终于响起，我疲惫却又松了一口气。A. driven out驱赶；B. found out查明；C. left out遗漏；D. worn out疲惫的。根据后文“I packed my things quickly and left the classroom.”可知，考试结束，作者考完试身心疲惫。 【3题详解】 考查形容词。句意：在回家路上，我突然发现口袋异常轻飘飘的。A. light轻的；B. shallow肤浅的；C. tight紧的；D. neat整洁的。根据后文““Is that my phone?” I asked sharply.”可知，作者手机不见了，口袋变轻。 【4题详解】 考查形容词。句意：有那么一瞬间，我充满怀疑。A. confident自信的；B. grateful感激的；C. doubtful怀疑的；D. impatient不耐烦的。根据后文““Is that my phone?” I asked sharply.”可知，作者看到拿着手机的大卫并质问他，说明作者心存怀疑。 【5题详解】 考查动词。句意：手机角上有一个小裂缝，只有我能认出来。A. recognise认出；B. own拥有；C. forget忘记；D. treasure珍惜。根据前文“There was a small crack on the corner of the phone”可知，裂痕特殊且只有作者清楚，此处是认出裂痕。 【6题详解】 考查名词。句意：有一阵令人不舒服的沉默。A. topic话题；B. truth真相；C. question问题；D. silence沉默。根据后文“I remembered the stories my classmates sometimes talked about him — that his family was poor and that he never had any nice things.”可知，作者回忆同学们说的关于David的话，所以两人之间陷入了尴尬的沉默。 【7题详解】 考查动词。句意：他是因为被人撞见而尴尬，还是因为我不信任他？A. caught撞见、抓住；B. told告诉；C. hurt伤害；D. understood理解。根据前文“I saw only one student inside — David, the quietest boy in our class, holding a phone”可知，作者回来时正看到David拿着手机，他因此被“抓到”。 【8题详解】 考查动词。句意：第二天课前，同学们低声议论我昨天发生的事。A. complained抱怨；B. whispered低声说；C. worried担心；D. thought思考。根据后文“about what had happened to me the day before”可知，同学们私下小声议论事情。 【9题详解】 考查动词。句意：他解释说他捡到手机，在我回来时正在核实手机是谁的。A. hoping希望；B. calling呼叫；C. discussing讨论；D. checking核实、检查。根据前文“He explained that he had found a phone”可知，David捡到手机后正在确认手机主人。 【10题详解】 考查动词。句意：我的脸发烫。A. fell落下；B. softened变柔和；C. burned发烫、发烫脸红；D. paled变苍白。根据前文““People think I might take things,” he added. “But I would never do that.””以及文章语境可知，作者误会善良的David，内心愧疚，脸颊发烫。 Cloze 3 【新考向·完形考查动词词组】（2025·北京延庆·2月月考）On September 28, as Shane Naidoo, an emergency room doctor, approached the halfway point of the New Jersey Half Marathon in Newport, a woman named Chrystal Rinehold, 36, suddenly collapsed on the greenway in Liberty State Park, Jersey City. Naidoo 1 with four other runners to help and immediately realized the situation was serious. The woman, Chrystal Rinehold, an experienced runner, was struggling to 2 and could barely speak. He 3 others to call 911, get a police officer to secure the scene and inform a medic tent to know what happened. Over and over he said to her “Stay with me.” 4 , Rinehold’s husband, Walli McMillan, was waiting with flowers and their children at the finish line. Naidoo noticed a 5 from McMillan on Rinehold’s Apple watch: “Are you, okay, babe?” He called McMillan on a volunteer’s phone, urging him to speak 6 to Rinehold, even if she couldn’t hear him, to let her know he loved her. Police arrived with emergency oxygen, followed shortly by paramedics. Naidoo rode in the ambulance with Rinehold to Jersey City Medical Cente. At the hospital, he 7 the emergency room staff and stayed to assist until McMillan arrived. When Naidoo left the hospital, he returned to   8 the race and finished behind more than 4000 others with a time of three hours and 53 minutes. At the finish line, Naidoo apologized and thanked everyone for staying late. When presented with a race completion 9 , he had an idea: he cut it in half and sent it to Rinehold. “This medal isn’t just mine,” Naidoo said. “I knew it would mean a lot to Chrystal and her family. I didn’t want her race to end on a(an)   10 note.” 1．A．walked down B．jumped up C．rushed over D．fell behind 2．A．stand B．breathe C．respond D．move 3．A．encouraged B．expected C．allowed D．instructed 4．A．Meanwhile B．Instead C．Therefore D．Moreover 5．A．call B．sign C．message D．signal 6．A．confidently B．hopefully C．hesitantly D．casually 7．A．criticized B．briefed C．taught D．indicated 8．A．enter B．win C．join D．complete 9．A．certificate B．card C．medal D．prize 10．A．boring B．discouraging C．annoying D．challenging 【答案】 1．C 2．B 3．D 4．A 5．C 6．B 7．B 8．D 9．C 10．B 【导语】本文是记叙文。主要讲述了在新泽西半程马拉松比赛中，急诊室医生Shane Naidoo和其他跑步者救助突然晕倒的选手Chrystal Rinehold的故事。 1．考查动词短语辨析。句意：Naidoo和其他四名选手冲过去帮忙，并立即意识到情况很严重。A. walked down沿着……走；B. jumped up跳起；C. rushed over冲过去；D. fell behind落后。根据前文“a woman named Chrystal Rinehold, 36, suddenly collapsed on the greenway in Liberty State Park, Jersey City”可知，一个女人倒在了公园的绿道上，所以Naidoo和其他四名选手冲过去帮忙。故选C项。 2．考查动词词义辨析。句意：这位名叫Chrystal Rinehold的妇女是一位经验丰富的跑步者，她呼吸困难，几乎说不出话来。A. stand站立；B. breathe呼吸；C. respond回应；D. move移动。根据前文“immediately realized the situation was serious”以及空后“and could barely speak”可知，Naidoo意识到Chrystal Rinehold情况很严重，几乎说不出话来，推知Chrystal呼吸困难。故选B项。 3．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他指示其他人拨打911，让一名警察来保护现场，并通知医疗帐篷了解发生的事情。A. encouraged鼓励；B. expected期望；C. allowed允许；D. instructed指导，指示。根据上文“as Shane Naidoo, an emergency room doctor”以及后文“get a police officer to secure the scene and inform a medic tent to know what happened. Over and over he said to her “Stay with me.””可知，Naidoo是一位急诊室医生，在了解病人情况、开展急救，所以是指示他人拨打电话呼叫救援。故选D项。 4．考查副词词义辨析。句意：与此同时，Rinehold的丈夫Walli McMillan带着鲜花和孩子们在终点线等候。A. Meanwhile与此同时；B. Instead反而；C. Therefore因此；D. Moreover此外。根据后文“Rinehold’s husband, Walli McMillan, was waiting with flowers and their children   at the finish line.”可知，此处指Chrystal Rinehold倒在路上情况危急时，她丈夫和孩子正在终点线等候，描述同时发生的事，Meanwhile“同时”符合语境。故选A项。 5．考查名词词义辨析。句意：Naidoo注意到McMillan在Rinehold的苹果手表上发了一条信息：“宝贝，你还好吗？”A. call呼叫，电话；B. sign标志；C. message信息；D. signal信号。根据后文“Are you, okay, babe?”可知，是McMillan发给Rinehold的信息。故选C项。 6．考查副词词义辨析。句意：他用志愿者的电话给McMillan打电话，敦促他满怀希望地和Rinehold说话，即使她听不见，也要让她知道他爱她。A. confidently自信地；B. hopefully充满希望地；C. hesitantly犹豫地；D. casually随意地。根据后文“even if she couldn’t hear him, to let her know he loved her”可知，应是敦促他满怀希望地和Rinehold说话。故选B项。 7．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在医院，他向急诊室的工作人员简要介绍了情况，并留在那里协助工作，直到McMillan到达。A. criticized批评；B. briefed向（某人）介绍情况；C. taught教导，教；D. indicated表明。根据后文“ the emergency room staff and stayed to assist until McMillan arrived”可知，Rinehold被送到医院后，Naidoo向急诊室的工作人员简要介绍了情况。故选B项。 8．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当Naidoo离开医院后，他回来完成比赛，以3小时53分钟的成绩落后于其他4000多名选手。A. enter进入；B. win赢得；C. join加入；D. complete完成。根据后文“finished behind more than 4000 others with a time of three hours and 53 minutes”可知，Rinehold完成了比赛，所以是他回来完成比赛。故选D项。 9．考查名词词义辨析。句意：当他收到一枚完成比赛的奖牌时，他有了一个主意：把它切成两半，送给Rinehold。A. certificate证书；B. card卡片；C. medal奖牌；D. prize奖品。根据后文““This medal isn’t just mine,” Naidoo said.”可知，是获得了一枚完成比赛的奖牌。故选C项。 10．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我不希望她的比赛在一个令人沮丧的音符中结束。A. boring无聊的；B. discouraging令人沮丧的；C. annoying恼人的；D. challenging具有挑战性的。根据前文“a woman named Chrystal Rinehold, 36, suddenly collapsed on the greenway in Liberty State Park, Jersey City.”可知，Rinehold晕倒了，所以没有完成比赛，作者送奖牌给她，是为了不希望她的比赛在一个令人沮丧的结局收尾。故选B项。 Cloze 4 【新考向·完形考查动词词组】（2025·北京顺义·一模）Over 20 years ago, Virginia Squier led some students to visit England. She also brought along her 8-year-old daughter Chambers. One day at around 5 pm, they were on a packed 1 in the London Underground. While Squier began counting her students, a train stopped. Suddenly, her daughter 2 Squier’s hand, jumped on the train, and the doors began to close. Seeing her daughter’s 3 face through the glass, Squier’s heart raced, and she shouted desperately, trying to reach out to Chambers. But the train gathered 4 and pulled out of the station. The last thing she saw was Chambers crying and pounding her small fists against the glass. Behind Chambers, a young man dressed in black leather with a dog collar around his neck rose and started 5 Chambers. Terrified, Squier searched for an employee. But the language barrier made her situation 6 . When Squier focused on getting the employee to understand her request, “She’s back,” her students said. Squier turned and there was her little girl. The man on the train had witnessed what had happened and stepped in to help. He 7 Chambers and guided her off the train at the next stop. They then boarded another train headed back to her mother. “My previous thought that he was 8 was destroyed,” Squier said. “I remember looking up at him and then breaking down, hugging my sobbing (啜泣) child. When I looked up again to thank him, he was gone.” Squier says the man didn’t just save her daughter. He changed the way she 9 the world, and taught her to be a more 10 person. To this day, she remembers him whenever she’s about to judge someone by appearance. 1．A．bridge B．platform C．stair D．walkway 2．A．fell back on B．held up C．played with D．let go of 3．A．expressive B．serious C．panicked D．indifferent 4．A．steam B．speed C．passengers D．goods 5．A．seizing B．dragging C．approaching D．helping 6．A．difficult B．manageable C．unstable D．unique 7．A．praised B．comforted C．scared D．challenged 8．A．frightening B．mysterious C．sympathetic D．ambitious 9．A．keeps off B．makes up C．turns to D．moves through 10．A．grateful B．inspiring C．careful D．accepting 【答案】 1．B 2．D 3．C 4．B 5．C 6．A 7．B 8．A 9．D 10．D 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了Squier带学生去英国参观时，在地铁上与女儿走散，一个外表看似吓人的年轻人帮助了她女儿的故事，这件事改变了她对世界的看法。 1．考查名词词义辨析。句意：一天下午5点左右，他们在伦敦地铁拥挤的站台上。A. bridge桥；B. platform站台；C. stair楼梯；D. walkway走道，人行通道。根据下文“a train stopped”可知，火车停了，说明他们在站台上等火车。故选B。 2．考查动词短语辨析。句意：突然，她的女儿松开了Squier的手，跳上了火车，车门开始关闭。A. fell back on求助于；B. held up举起；C. played with和……一起玩；D. let go of放开。根据下文“jumped on the train, and the doors began to close”可知，女儿跳上了火车，说明她放开了妈妈的手。故选D。 3．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：透过玻璃看到她女儿那张惊慌失措的脸，Squier的心怦怦直跳，她绝望地喊着，试图接触到Chambers。A. expressive有表现力的；B. serious严肃的；C. panicked惊慌失措的；D. indifferent漠不关心的。根据上文“Suddenly, her daughter let go of Squier's hand, jumped on the train, and the doors began to close”可知，女儿突然放开了妈妈的手，跳上了火车，所以此时她的脸上应该是惊慌失措的。故选C。 4．考查名词词义辨析。句意：但火车加快了速度，驶出了车站。A. steam蒸汽；B. speed速度；C. passengers乘客；D. goods货物。根据下文“and pulled out of the station”可知，火车驶出了车站，说明它加快了速度。故选B。 5．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在Chambers身后，一个穿着黑色皮衣，脖子上戴着狗项圈的年轻人站了起来，开始靠近Chambers。A. seizing抓住；B. dragging拖拽；C. approaching靠近；D. helping帮助。根据下文“The man on the train had witnessed what had happened and stepped in to help”可知，火车上的这个男人目睹了发生的一切，并且站出来帮忙，说明此时他正靠近Chambers。故选C。 6．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但语言障碍使她的处境变得困难。A. difficult困难的；B. manageable可管理的；C. unstable不稳定的；D. unique独特的。根据上文“Terrified, Squier searched for an employee”可知，Squier很害怕，她在找工作人员帮忙，再结合but可知，此处前后为转折关系，所以可推测出因为语言障碍，她的情况变得很困难。故选A。 7．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他安慰了Chambers，并在下一站引导她下了火车。A. praised表扬；B. comforted安慰；C. scared使害怕；D. challenged挑战。根据下文“hugging my sobbing (啜泣) child”可知，作者的女儿在啜泣，说明此时这个男人在安慰她。故选B。 8．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我之前认为他很吓人的想法被摧毁了。A. frightening吓人的；B. mysterious神秘的；C. sympathetic同情的；D. ambitious有野心的。根据上文“a young man dressed in black leather with a dog collar around his neck”可知，这个男人穿着黑色皮衣，脖子上戴着狗项圈，所以作者之前认为他很吓人。故选A。 9．考查动词短语辨析。句意：他改变了她看待世界的方式，并教会了她要做一个更能接受别人的人。A. keeps off避开；B. makes up组成；C. turns to转向；D. moves through穿过，经历。根据下文“the world”可知，此处指看待世界的方式，用move through符合语境。故选D。 10．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他改变了她看待世界的方式，并教会了她要做一个更能接受别人的人。A. grateful感激的；B. inspiring鼓舞人心的；C. careful仔细的；D. accepting接受的。根据上文“Squier says the man didn’t just save her daughter”以及作者之前的经历可知，这个男人不仅救了她的女儿，还改变了她对别人的看法，让她更能接受别人，不再以貌取人。故选D。 Cloze 5 【新考向·完形考查动词词组】（2025·北京人大附中·三模）I have always loved animals, from my childhood fascination with ladybirds to greedily watching wildlife programs on television. I think one reason is that animals are often more patient and 1 than many people. After I first moved in with Grandpa, I spent a lot of time with his cat, Jay. She was then a little less than two years old and very aloof (冷漠的), preferring to spend all her time out alone 2 around the neighborhood gardens and growling (低声吼叫) whenever my grandpa tried to pat or hold her. At that time, Grandpa regularly clocked in at the office, often 3 over ten hours every day. Before my arrival, Jay had therefore spent her first and formative years alone for much of the time. It must have been a surprise, then — and a shock — for her to suddenly find that she now had 4 throughout the day. At first, I kept my 5 , knowing that she was unused to having someone around regularly. Instead, I waited for her natural 6 to work, and indeed it wasn’t long before she would 7 me as I was sitting in the living room, and sniff at (闻一闻) my feet and hands if I lowered them for her to rub with her nose. Over time, Jay started to spend more and more time 8 . Whenever she came in, I would kneel down until my face was level with hers and slowly 9 my hand around her head and stroke (轻抚) her in the same way that I had watched her stroke the fur on her back with her tongue. Then she would purr (呼噜声), open and close her eyes sleepily, and I knew that I had won her 10 . No relationship is without trust and company and this is also true to humans and their pets. 1．A．brave B．accepting C．lonely D．rewarding 2．A．searching B．fighting C．checking D．wandering 3．A．stuck B．gone C．delayed D．lost 4．A．company B．danger C．threat D．presence 5．A．guard B．way C．distance D．silence 6．A．curiosity B．courage C．skill D．sense 7．A．walk up to B．live up to C．catch up to D．turn up to 8．A．alone B．within C．afar D．indoors 9．A．shook B．extended C．waved D．dropped 10．A．devotion B．support C．affection D．loyalty 【答案】1．B 2．D 3．B 4．A 5．C 6．A 7．A 8．D 9．B 10．C 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述作者与爷爷的猫Jay 从疏离到建立信任的过程，展现动物的温柔与陪伴的意义。 1．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我想原因之一是动物往往比许多人更有耐心、更易接纳。A. brave勇敢的；B. accepting易接纳的；C. lonely孤独的；D. rewarding有回报的。根据上文的“more patient”与此空为并列关系可知，此处描述的是动物的品行，结合后文“At first, I kept my ___5___ , knowing that she was unused to having someone around regularly.”以及“Then she would purr (呼噜声), open and close her eyes sleepily, and I knew that I had won her ____10____ .”可知，Jay从冷漠到亲近的转变可知，动物比人更“易接纳”符合语境。故选B项。 2．考查动词词义辨析。句意：她当时不到两岁，非常冷漠，宁愿独自在外闲逛，在邻居的花园里走来走去，每当爷爷试图抚摸或抱她时，她就会低吼。A. searching搜索；B. fighting战斗；C. checking检查；D. wandering闲逛。根据上文的“She was then a little less than two years old and very aloof (冷漠的), preferring to spend all her time out alone”可知，Jay非常的冷漠，喜欢独自在外，由此可知，此处指的是在外“闲逛”符合语境。故选D项。 3．考查动词词义辨析。句意：那时，爷爷经常在办公室打卡，每天通常超过十小时不在家。A. stuck卡住；B. gone离开；C. delayed延迟；D. lost丢失。根据上文的“At that time, Grandpa regularly clocked in at the office”可知，爷爷上班导致长时间“离开”家，符合语境。故选B项。 4．考查名词词义辨析。句意：因此，对她来说，突然发现自己一整天都有同伴，一定既意外又震惊。A. company同伴；B. danger危险；C. threat威胁；D. presence存在。根据上文的“Before my arrival, Jayhad therefore spent her first and formative years alone for much of the time.”可知，作者来之前都是Jay独自在家，结合“It must have been a surprise, then — and a shock”可知，Jay对作者的到来而感到惊讶，由此可知，此处表示Jay发现自己有了“同伴”符合语境。故选A项。 5．考查名词词义辨析。句意：起初，我与她保持距离，因为知道她不习惯经常有人在身边。A. guard警戒；B. way方式；C. distance距离；D. silence沉默。根据下文的“knowing that she was unused to having someone around regularly.”可知，作者知道她不习惯经常有人在身边，由此可知，此处指的是作者与她保持“距离”，避免惊吓到她。故选C项。 6．考查名词词义辨析。句意：相反，我等待她天生的好奇心起作用，事实上，没过多久，当我坐在客厅时，她就会走到我面前，如果我放下手和脚，她就会用鼻子蹭着闻一闻。A. curiosity好奇心；B. courage勇气；C. skill技能；D. sense感觉。根据下文的“as I was sitting in the living room, and sniff at (闻一闻) my feet and hands if I lowered them for her to rub with her nose.”可知，Jay去嗅作者的手脚，由此可知，此处表示Jay因“好奇心”开始接近作者。故选A项。 7．考查动词短语辨析。句意：相反，我等待她天生的好奇心起作用，事实上，没过多久，当我坐在客厅时，她就会走到我面前，如果我放下手和脚，她就会用鼻子蹭着闻一闻。A. walk up to走近；B. live up to不辜负；C. catch up to追上；D. turn up to出现。根据常识和下文的“as I was sitting in the living room, and sniff at (闻一闻) my feet and hands if I lowered them for her to rub with her nose.”可知，Jay应该是“走近”作者进行嗅闻。故选A项。 8．考查副词词义辨析。句意：随着时间的推移，Jay开始花越来越多的时间在室内。A. alone独自；B. within在内部；C. afar在远处；D. indoors在室内。根据上文的“She was then a little less than two years old and very aloof (冷漠的), preferring to spend all her time out alone”可知，Jay长时间喜欢独自在外，结合“Over time, Jaystarted to spend more and more time”可知，Jay从长时间在外转为更多待在“室内”符合语境。故选D项。 9．考查动词词义辨析。句意：每当她进来时，我就会跪下来，直到我的脸和她的脸平齐，然后慢慢地把手伸到她的头上，用我看过她用舌头舔背毛的方式轻抚她。A. shook摇晃；B. extended伸展；C. waved挥动；D. dropped落下。根据上文的“Whenever she came in, I would kneel down until my face was level with hers”可知，此处描述的是作者去抚摸Jay的动作，结合下文的“stroke her”可知，作者需要“伸展”手去抚摸她。故选B项。 10．考查名词词义辨析。句意：然后她会发出呼噜声，昏昏欲睡地睁闭着眼睛，我知道我赢得了她的信任。A. devotion奉献；B. support支持；C. affection喜爱；D. loyalty忠诚。根据常识和下文的“Then she would purr (呼噜声), open and close her eyes sleepily”可知，Jay的反应表明她对作者产生了“喜爱”符合语境。故选C项。 Cloze 6 【新考向·完形考查动词词组】（2025·北京平谷·一模）When John Joyce stepped into his brand-new truck, he said, “I feel like a millionaire.” The 83-year-old from St. Petersburg, Florida, who cuts grass for a living, may not have a million dollars, but he 1 everyone else like they do. Robert Norton is Joyce’s old customer and Joyce has worked for him for eight years. “He is the kind of guy you just want to hug,” Robert Norton said. “He is a 2 man with a heart of gold and he works very hard.” Nothing stops him from making sure all of his 3 grass gets cut, even if that means walking six miles while pushing his grass cutter. After his 1994 Ford truck broke down three months ago, Norton asked him why he still 4 . He responded by saying, “If I don’t cut the grass, it’s going to grow, Robert!” Norton was 5 by Joyce’s devotion to his work when he heard a knock at the door a few days later. It was Joyce, who had just walked three miles to ask for US$5 to fuel his grass cutter. Norton gave him US$20 and told him to fill up his machine and keep the 6 . “I wanted to do something more for him since he’s such a hard worker,” Norton said. Then Norton went to his wife with the   7 to buy Joyce a new truck. Together they set up GoFundMe page, which 8 over US$13,000 in just a few weeks. It was enough to buy Joyce a new truck. And with the leftover money, Joyce 9 his insurance for a year and received a US$l,000 gift card, which he used to buy a new grass cutter and other tools. When they 10 him with his new truck, Joyce couldn’t believe his eyes. “Is that my truck?” he asked while walking up to the 2024 Nissan car. “I can’t wait to try it.” Norton said, “I’m happy to have been able to help out such a nice guy.” 1．A．makes B．treats C．teaches D．tests 2．A．simple B．mean C．strange D．tricky 3．A．parents’ B．friends’ C．neighbors’ D．customers’ 4．A．searched B．forgot C．came D．failed 5．A．annoyed B．confused C．confirmed D．impressed 6．A．rest B．level C．secret D．fare 7．A．money B．warning C．idea D．cheque 8．A．spent B．raised C．donated D．covered 9．A．paid off B．paid back C．took in D．took up 10．A．bargained B．surprised C．assured D．associated 【答案】 1．B 2．A 3．D 4．C 5．D 6．A 7．C 8．B 9．A 10．B 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了83岁割草工Joyce获得顾客Norton帮助买新卡车的故事。 1．考查动词词义辨析。句意：这位来自佛罗里达州圣彼得堡的83岁老人以割草为生，他可能没有一百万美元，但他对待其他人就像他们有一百万美元一样。A. makes制作；B. treats对待；C. teaches教；D. tests测试。根据空后“everyone else like they do”、下文“with a heart of gold and he works very hard”以及“He is the kind of guy you just want to hug”可知，这里说的是Joyce对待他人的方式，就像他们有一百万美元一样。故选B。 2．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他是一个单纯的人，有一颗金子般的心，并且工作非常努力。A. simple简单的；B. mean吝啬的；C. strange奇怪的；D. tricky狡猾的。根据前文“He is the kind of guy you just want to hug”后文“with a heart of gold and he works very hard”以及“He responded by saying, “If I don’t cut the grass, it’s going to grow, Robert!””可知，Joyce是一个单纯善良的人。故选A。 3．考查名词所有格词义辨析。句意：没有什么能阻止他确保所有顾客的草都被割掉，即使这意味着推着割草机走六英里。A. parents’父母的；B. friends’朋友的；C. neighbors’邻居的；D. customers’顾客的。根据前文“The 83-year-old from St. Petersburg, Florida, who cuts grass for a living”以及“Robert Norton is Joyce’s old customer”可知，Joyce通过为他人割草谋生，此处指确保顾客的草都被割掉。故选D。 4．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在他1994 年的福特卡车三个月前抛锚后，诺顿问他为什么还来。A. searched搜索；B. forgot忘记；C. came来；D. failed失败。根据上文“After his 1994 Ford truck broke down three months ago”以及后文Joyce的回答“If I don’t cut the grass, it’s going to grow, Robert!”可知，Norton问Joyce为什么卡车坏了还来工作。故选C。 5．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：几天后，当诺顿听到敲门声时，乔伊斯对工作的奉献精神给他留下了深刻印象。A. annoyed恼怒的；B. confused困惑的；C. confirmed坚定的，根深蒂固的；D. impressed(对……)钦佩，有深刻的好印象。根据上文“He responded by saying, “If I don’t cut the grass, it’s going to grow, Robert!””以及后文“It was Joyce, who had just walked three miles to ask for US$5 to fuel his grass cutter.”可知，Norton被Joyce对工作的奉献精神所打动，留下深刻印象。故选D。 6．考查名词词义辨析。句意：诺顿给了他20美元，让他给机器加满油，剩下的钱就留着。A. rest剩余部分；B. level水平；C. secret秘密；D. fare费用。根据前文“Norton gave him US$20 and told him to fill up his machine”可知，Norton给了Joyce20美元加油，让他把剩下的钱留着。故选A。 7．考查名词词义辨析。句意：然后诺顿带着给乔伊斯买一辆新卡车的想法去找他的妻子。A. money钱；B. warning警告；C. idea想法；D. cheque支票。根据后文“Then Norton went to his wife with the   ____7____  to buy Joyce a new truck. Together they set up GoFundMe page, which   ____8____  over US$13, 000 in just a few weeks. It was enough to buy Joyce a new truck.”可知，这里是说Norton有了给Joyce买新卡车的想法。故选C。 8．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们一起建立了GoFundMe页面，在短短几周内就筹集了超过13000美元。A. spent花费；B. raised筹集；C. donated捐赠；D. covered覆盖。根据后文“It was enough to buy Joyce a new truck.”可知，创建页面是为了筹钱给Joyce买新卡车，所以是筹集了13000美元。故选B。 9．考查动词短语辨析。句意：用剩下的钱，乔伊斯付清了一年的保险费，并收到了一张1000美元的礼品卡，他用这张礼品卡买了一台新的割草机和其他工具。A. paid off付清；B. paid back偿还；C. took in吸收；D. took up占据。根据前文“And with the leftover money”以及空后“his insurance for a year”可知，Norton是用剩下的钱付清保险费。故选A。 10．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当他们把新卡车给他，让他惊喜不已时，乔伊斯简直不敢相信自己的眼睛。A. bargained讨价还价；B. surprised使惊讶；C. assured使确信；D. associated联系。根据后文“Joyce couldn’t believe his eyes”可知，他们把新卡车给Joyce时让他很惊讶。故选B。 20 / 20网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司zxxk.com 学科网（北京）股份有限公司zxxk.com 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 第04讲 动词与动词短语 目 录 模拟·基础演练 1 重难·创新演练 5 真题·实战演练 8 模拟·基础演练 考查重点：动词的时态、语态与主谓一致；非谓语动词；动词短语 考点01 动词的时态、语态与主谓一致 1.(2025·北京·高考) By the time you brushed your teeth, you 15 (make) several decisions even without noticing. Some choices are quick, while others take more thought. Usually, better outcomes 16 (achieve) through a thorough understanding of strategies like risk tolerance. 2.(2025·北京·高考) When 17 traveling (travel), we engage with cultures and experiences. However, according to a report by the World Wildlife Fund, tourists 18 (leave) over 1.3 billion tons of food waste last year, 19 which accounted for about 8% of the total global gas release in 2024. 3. (2024·北京·高考) When we slow down, we create space to reflect on our thoughts and emotions, which helps us identify important areas of our lives and 13 (give) us the opportunity to make right choices. 4.(2024·北京·高考) On April 5, 2024, John Tinniswood 15 (name) the world’s oldest living man. 5.(2024·北京·高考) My heart went out to him, and I ___20___ (jog) over to him. As I handed him the glasses, he looked at me and said, “Thanks!” 6.(2023·北京·高考) Every culture is riddled with unwritten rules, such as ones on punctuality (守时). I’m British. Soon after moving to Switzerland, I 11 (throw) a house-warming party and was greatly surprised when all 30 guests showed up 12exactly (exact) on time. Years later, having moved to France. 7.(2023·北京·高考)I turned up at the appointed hour for a dinner, only to find that no other guest 13 (arrive) and my hostess was still in her sleeping suit. 8.(2023·北京·高考)Up to now, China 16 (establish) a number of protected areas with mangroves. 9.(2022·北京·高考)Eventually, the man 13 (catch) up with her, and he was only trying to return her wallet! 10.(2022·北京·高考)Gas naturally 16 (have) no recognisable smell. However, a strong smell is added so that we can raise the alarm when we detect the smell associated with danger. 11.(2022·北京·高考)The use of those plastics 20 (increase) by 300% since 2019. The world won’t survive if this situation continues. 12.(2021·北京·高考)As it 13 (connect) things，your brain tums them into a story, and you get a dream． 13.(2021·北京·高考)There 17 (be) a dramatic rise in the number of extreme weather events over the past 20 years, 18caused (cause) largely by rising global temperatures,according to a new report from the United Nations. 考点02 非谓语动词 1.(2025·北京·高考) I sometimes call him back, worried that he might have someone 12 (scare). 2.(2025·北京·高考) When 17 (travel), we engage with cultures and experiences. However, according to a report by the World Wildlife Fund, tourists 18left (leave) over 1.3 billion tons of food waste last year, which19 accounted for about 8% of the total global gas release in 2024. 3. (2024·北京·高考) Taking the time 11 (rest) allows us to develop a deeper sense of 12self-awareness (self-aware). 4.(2024·北京·高考) And when 16 (ask) about his new title, he shared the secret: moderation (适度). 5.(2024·北京·高考) Just then, some kids ran at him, ___19___ (knock) his books out of his arms. His glasses went flying and landed in the grass. 6.(2023·北京·高考)When 14 (see) from afar, the mangrove forests appear more splendid. 7.(2023·北京·高考)She called for action 19 (address)the struggles of people around the world 20 (face) “too little water or too dirty water”. Her efforts have encouraged others to take part by running through a global campaign called“Run Blue”. 8. (2022·北京·高考)Fearful that he might have an intention ____12____ (harm) her, Helen started to run. 9.(2022·北京·高考)Why do humans prefer some smells over others? One theory, increasingly 14 (support) by experts, suggests that smell preferences are learned. 10.(2021·北京·高考)There 17has been (be) a dramatic rise in the number of extreme weather events over the past 20 years, 18 (cause) largely by rising global temperatures,according to a new report from the United Nations. 11.(2021·北京·高考)From 2000 to 2019, there were 7,348 major natural disasters around the world, 19 (result) in USD 2,970 billion in economic loss．Much of this increase can be due to climate change. 12.(2021·北京·高考)The findings show a critical need 20 (invest) in disaster prevention. 考向03 考查高频动词短语辨析 1．To be a better person and succeed in your life means to ________ in your life by stopping a bad habit or leaving behind an unpleasant memory. A．be cool as a cucumber B．be a wet blanket C．drag your feet D．turn over a new leaf 2．Even today my British friend, Daniel, still doesn’t easily ________ eating things like chicken feet. A．contribute to B．cater to C．take to D．attend to 3．Teenagers, especially those with a passion for technology, ______ innovative gadgets that combine entertainment and education, as they offer both fun and learning opportunities. A．take pride in B．have a say in C．take responsibility for D．have a preference for 4．Lily is usually a reserved student in class, but her dedication to solving complex math problems makes her ______. A．wear out B．work out C．turn out D．stand out 5．The coach ______ the players for their lack of effort during the game. A．picked on B．told off C．blew away D．helped out 6．Anderson’s fairy tales are among the most frequently translated works in all of literary history, and the themes of his stories ______ adults and children alike. A．belong to B．contribute to C．adjust to D．appeal to 7．After months of research, the team finally ________ a revolutionary method to recycle plastic waste. A．put up with B．came up with C．kept up with D．looked forward to 8．The old professor ________ painting after his retirement and he became quite skilled soon. A．brought up B．came across C．picked on D．took to 9．Following in the footsteps of his teacher all those years ago, Mr. Wang has now ________ his skills to the new members. A．passed by B．taken on C．passed on D．taken up 10．The Chinese characters on the notice board were so carelessly written that they were difficult to ________, especially for those foreign students. A．point out B．give out C．make out D．work out 11．China's economy will continue to ________ in the third and fourth quarters of the year with existing policy support and forceful infrastructure spending. A．pick up B．turn up C．put up D．bring up 12．The project had to be ______ due to unexpected budget cuts, which disappointed everyone involved. A．put down B．cut off C．put off D．cut down 13．As a brilliant athlete, she was well ______ spending long periods of time in the water. A．blamed for B．conditioned for C．bound for D．longed for 14．The garden had been seriously neglected, and had been completely ________ by weeds and wild flowers. A．handed over B．pulled over C．knocked over D．taken over 15．Many young designers today ______ the intricate patterns of Chinese paper-cutting, creating modern fashion pieces with traditional elements. A．keep contact with B．seek solutions to C．take inspiration from D．give rise to 16．John has a unique way to ________ his idea with very few words, and it impressed us a lot. A．draw up B．get across C．break through D．turn out 17．We all ________ the belief that Chinese traditional culture is a treasure that deserves to be shared and celebrated, so as to enhance cultural exchange and mutual understanding. A．subscribe to B．consist of C．resign from D．adapt to 18．To reduce e-waste, some companies ______ programs encouraging customers to recycle old devices. A．gave away B．turned over C．put forward D．set up 19．The boy’s face ______ when he heard the amazing news that he won the prize for overseas study tour. A．brought up B．lit up C．put up D．took up 20．I visited many museums and ________ a few words of Italian when I travelled in Italy. A．looked up B．put up C．picked up D．made up 21．I need to find some proper ways to ______ the stress in my life. A．compare with B．consist of C．back down D．cope with 22．The new policy is expected to __________ reducing traffic jam in the city. A．figure out B．contribute to C．relate to D．account for 23．Currently, many working women _______ relatives to help take care of their children. A．tell of B．consist of C．rely on D．switch on 24．It’s impolite for anyone else to ________ when someone is talking. A．cut up B．cut in C．cut off D．cut down 25．To our surprise, crowds of people ______ to watch the charity performance. A．turned out B．turned down C．broke out D．broke down 26．I think Helen Keller is a good writer. She met many difficulties in her life but she never ______. A．gave up B．went out C．sat down D．ran around 27．The manager __________ meeting with the team to discuss the new project proposal. A．belonged to B．insisted on C．judged from D．figured out 28．Even though the project faced many challenges, we decided to________ and complete it successfully. A．carry out B．carry away C．carry on D．carry over 29．The temptation for a declining church to ______ old privileges is strong. A．hang on to B．settle for C．pass up D．sign for 30．When we ______ the data further, we can identify specific trends and patterns that may not be evident at first glance. A．break up B．break out C．break through D．break down 重难·创新演练 设题创新:一带一路（P1）；中国之行（P2） 考向创新：完形填空动词词组的辨析。 考向04 语法填空中的动词综合考查 1 【新情境·一带一路】（2026届北京市海淀区高三期末英语试题） 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 In the early winter of southern Hubei, more than a dozen Belt and Road media representatives from different countries arrived in Chibi — an ancient city ____14____ heritage includes both the battlefield memories of the Three Kingdoms and the enduring legacy of tea. Following the historic tracks of the Tea Road, they explored the thousand-year-old relics ____15____ (preserve) from the Three Kingdoms battlefield. Through immersive experiences, they uncovered the timeless stories of Qingzhuan Tea, ____16____ (learn) how Chinese-style modernization encourages cultural exchange and mutual understanding among people. 2 【新情境·中国之行】（2026届北京市朝阳区高三期末一模试题） 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 To Benjamin and Loic, two Frenchmen, China was a distant yet fascinating place, a name more often ____17____ (find) in headlines. In September 2023, the two friends decided to walk all the way to China, ____18____ (choose) to keep their journey low-carbon. They quit their jobs, packed only essentials and accepted that the road ahead ____19____ (last) over a year. China, which they entered after a yearlong journey, marked a milestone, not just in geographical terms, but emotionally. By the time they arrived in Lanzhou, they ____20____ (be) on the road for about 450 days. 考向05 完形填空中的动词及动词词组考查 Cloze 1 【新考向·完形考查动词词组】（2026北京市海淀区 期末)Everyone loves giving advice, always ready to share their wisdom — but not every piece of advice actually helps. The worst I’ve ever been offered is “just be yourself”. It happened on the morning of my English presentation on Of Mice and Men. I was nervous, but ___1___. I had practised for hours and printed my notecards. But just minutes before I began, my friend Sam leaned over and said, “Don’t stress. Just be yourself.” “Be myself?” My nerves instantly went on edge, “Which ___2___? The awkward, overthinking one that makes weird jokes under pressure, or the one that repeatedly says ‘thank you’ no matter what?” There was no time to negotiate with my ___3___ personalities. My name was called. I stood up, took a deep breath, and decided to ___4___ Sam’s advice. ___5___ I’d “speak from the heart,” I abandoned the notecards. Bad move. The first sentence came out fine, but the second involved ___6___ the key word “symbolism”. By the third, I quoted a motto that didn’t even exist. “Just be yourself.” I thought, as I noticed the ___7___ on the faces of audience. By the time I sat down, I had sweated through my shirt, forgotten half my points, but gained a new ___8___for notecards, script and structure. I learned that “be yourself” is ___9___ good advice when your “self” is calm, prepared, and maybe has a solid outline. In high-pressure moments, it’s better to be your best self: the version that practices, plans ahead, and knows when to stick to the script. Now, when someone tells me to “just be yourself,” I smile, thank them, and ___10___ my notecards. 1. A. prepared B. pleased C. encouraged D. enlightened 2. A. stage B. level C. version D. class 3. A. flexible B. multiple C. charming D. strong 4. A. take B. confirm C. seek D. ignore 5. A. Pretending B. Admitting C. Figuring D. Recalling 6. A. defining B. discussing C. highlighting D. forgetting 7. A. concern B. confusion C. contentment D. curiosity 8. A. requirement B. replacement C. application D. appreciation 9. A. only B. always C. even D. still 10. A. set aside B. pull out C. take away D. bring back Cloze 2 【新考向·完形考查动词词组】（2026北京市朝阳区一模)Not knowing how to ride a bike as an adult became a joke about me. It affected my self-esteem. Hannah, my best friend, noticed and offered to teach me. We walked a bike to the park. I won’t lie: the ____1____ self-talk was coming in hot. “I’ll never be able to do this and I am not ready.” In the park, the lesson began exactly as I suspected. Worse still, the pedal had cut my ankle. “This is not working,” I wailed (哀号). “I was stupid for ____2____! I shouldn’t have bothered!” “Wait here,” Hannah said before riding off. I shouldn’t have been ____3____ at all. “Who would want to be around someone who couldn’t even gather up the resilience (韧性) for an hour?” But another thought popped in. “Who says you’re not resilient?” I ____4____ it, exploring all the times I had been resilient, when I had ____5____ hard things, and how proud I had been. The longer I thought, the stronger my ____6____ grew. When Hannah headed back, I was determined to take the lesson and try my best. She pulled up with two things that made everything even ____7____: my favourite coffee and a tool to remove the pedals so that I could practice rolling and learn balance. Around mid-morning, I was rolling down the hill. That afternoon, with great pride, I was riding, which was a great big “____8____” to my self-doubt. Months later, I fully accepted this ____9____ of thinking when riding again. Yes, I had shaky moments, but instead of ____10____ my abilities, I reminded myself, “You’ve done this before, and you can do it again.” With kindness from a loving friend, I have become someone who loves myself — and knows how to ride a bike. 1. A. gentle B. negative C. calming D. greedy 2. A. arguing B. crying C. moving D. trying 3. A. happy B. patient C. surprised D. worried 4. A. followed B. interrupted C. produced D. shared 5. A. forgotten B. overcome C. considered D. abandoned 6. A. duty B. control C. resolve D. tension 7. A. easier B. richer C. safer D. fairer 8. A. shut up B. move on C. stand by D. wake up 9. A. cost B. role C. root D. change 10. A. using B. testing C. improving D. questioning 真题·实战演练 高频考点：动词的时态、语态与主谓一致；非谓语动词；动词短语 1. 【新情境·机器人创造】（2026届北京市东城区高三期末二模试题） 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 Evan Budz, a 15-year-old from Canada, won first place at the 36th EU Contest for Young Scientists with his autonomous bionic sea turtle robot. He ____14____ (inspire) when he observed the movement of real turtles during a camping trip. His design enables smoother movement through water, ____15____ (reduce) impact on the delicate underwater ecosystems. ____16____ an AI-powered computer vision system, the robot monitors coral health and aids underwater surveys and coral reef protection. Budz’s innovation shows young people’s remarkable capability ____17____ (tackle) complex technical and environmental challenges. 2 【新情境·阅读障碍】（北京师范大学第二附属中学2024-2025学年高三下学期统练3英语试题) 阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。请在答题卡指定区域作答。 Skye has realized that she is one of the lucky kids who 1 (identify) as a sufferer of dyslexia (阅读障碍) so far. She knows that educating teachers about dyslexia and giving students with the learning challenge the tools they need is a great first step in meeting dyslexia head on, and 2 (help) them be confident, capable students. “Right now they feel 3 (stick) — ashamed, unsure and insecure about their school work. If I could help stop these students feeling this way, that would mean the world to me.” 3 【新情境·反向努力法则】（北京大学附属中学2024-2025学年高三下学期开学考英语试题) 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容或括号内所给词的恰当形式填空。 The concept of the law of reversed effort was defined by writer and philosopher Aldous Huxley. He explained the 1 (hard) we try with the conscious will to do something, the less we shall succeed. Effort 2   (become)a paradox (悖论). It is like swimming against the current in a river. We can swim upstream, using all our might 3 (fight) the rushing water and still not get close to where we need to be. Or we can let the current take us downstream and find a different spot to get out of the water. 4． 【新情境·人间善意】（2025届北京市丰台区高三下学期一模考试英语试题） Last December, I ordered a warm hamburger at a food store. As I left the store, I noticed there was an older poor gentleman 1 (sit) at the bus stop. Knowing it would probably be his only warm meal of the day, I 2 (give) him the hamburger. But all was not lost for me. Another customer offered me half of her hamburger. I was so delighted because I realised that 3 one way or another, we are all looked after. 5 【新情境·脑科学】（北京市北京师范大学第二附属中学2024-2025学年高三下学期英语统练5） 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 Information in your brain 1 (collect), stored and recalled by neural pathways. These pathways are responsible for your abilities to solve problems, remember familiar faces and tasks, without paying a ton of efforts. Millions of these neural pathways begin developing from the time 2 you are growing into a baby. 3 (keep) our memory healthy, we need to create new pathways continually. 6 【新情境·教师与幽默】（2025届北京市平谷区高三下学期质量监控（一模）英语试题) 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容或括号内所给词的恰当形式填空。 Humor is a balancing act and BrainPOP, an educational platform, can help teachers create an appropriate balance because the 1 (learn) activities support any course in a dynamic and kid-friendly way. Julie Kuzma from a public school agrees. She   2 (appreciate) that humor is a significant content principle BrainPOP employs. She also emphasizes that humor in the classroom is not about making jokes but about 3 you make students feel a certain way. In her experience, humor builds trust and makes students feel connected and 4 (see). “If you can make them smile, you know that you're on the right track and you've lightened their day a little bit. ” 7 【新情境·海南自由贸易港】（2025届北京市平谷区高三下学期质量监控（一模）英语试题) 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容或括号内所给词的恰当形式填空。 Hainan Free Trade Port is 1 (large) free trade port in the world, with rich tourism resources and unique culture. There are beautiful beaches, quality hot springs, unique rainforests, rich cuisine and wedding tourism bases. Hainan also pays attention to the development of sports tourism and until now, it 2 (build) a national sports training southern base and a series of sports activities. In addition, Hainan also has a wealth of shopping and duty-free shops, where shopkeepers offer a variety of specialty goods and experiences. With its high-quality services and diverse and inclusive cultural atmosphere, Hainan 3 (sincere) welcomes tourists from all over the world to experience a unique island trip. 8 【新情境·照片编辑】（北京市延庆区2024-2025学年高三下学期2月月考英语试题) 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 A recent study published in BMC Psychology suggests that editing photos can 14 (negative) impact how individuals perceive their attractiveness and overall self-esteem. This connection seems to be influenced by comparing physical appearance and 15 (treat) oneself as an object. These results serve as a warning to social media users to be aware of the potential negative effects of using photo-editing tools or filters. Nowadays, social media 16 (use) by millions of people to connect and share their lives. However, research suggests that excessive use of social media may lead to mental health issues like depression and 17 (anxious). 9 【新情境·中国太空培育新作物】（北京市延庆区2024-2025学年高三下学期2月月考英语试题) 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 By sending seeds on short trips into space, China is developing new crop varieties. This process, 18 (know) as space breeding, exposes seeds to cosmic radiation, which changes their genes and leads to the creation of new varieties with greater diversity. Since China’s first space breeding experiment in August 1987, the country 19 (send) seeds from thousands of plant species into space. This has resulted in the development of nearly 1,000 new plant varieties. The technology reportedly helps increase China’s annual grain production 20 2 million tons and produces direct economic benefits exceeding 100 billion yuan. 10. 【新情境·社会科学】（北京市北京师范大学第二附属中学2024-2025学年高三下学期英语统练4） 阅读下面短文, 根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词, 在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。请在答题卡指定区域作答。 In everyday life, the question of 1 we should think things through or instead go with our heart is a frequent and important one. Recent studies 2 (show ) that even gathering just a little bit more evidence may help us avoid a major mistake. Sometimes the most important decision 3 we make can be to take some more time before making a choice. 11 【新情境·网络安全】（北京市北京师范大学第二附属中学2024-2025学年高三下学期英语统练4） 阅读下面短文, 根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词, 在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。请在答题卡指定区域作答。 Erinna 1 (move) by her son’s haircut. She shared a video online, which has gotten millions of views. 2 (give) the huge response, Erinna also set up a special GoFundMe to support her son’s hairdresser 3 (make) sure she’s able to continue to work and replace any lost income from the impact of the pandemic (流行病). 12 【新情境·社会生活】（北京市延庆区2024-2025学年高三下学期2月月考英语试题) 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 Standing in the train home, I noticed a woman sitting nearby 1 was knitting intently. Her needles pulled a single string from a bag on the floor while the square she was working on 2 (grow) ever larger. I put away my reading and surprised to gaze at her fingers. When the train got to my stop, I moved toward the door, and she looked up to see 3 we were. I gave her a broad smile and two thumbs up. She smiled back shyly, and then cast her eyes back down to her work. 13 【新情境·日常课程流媒体】（北京大学附属中学2024-2025学年高三下学期开学考英语试题) 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容或括号内所给词的恰当形式填空。 Over the years, the volume of information students need to learn and remember 1 (grow), as claimed by various studies. The post-pandemic educational systems, in particular, have experienced a shift toward including streaming of everyday lectures 2 our daily lives, allowing various playback speed options. Research has explored how adjusting playback speed affects 3 (concentrate). It often finds it beneficial to increase playback speed (1.5x to 2x) when 4 (deal) with extensive lecture recordings. However, a notable drop in performance is observed when the speed exceeds 2x. 二、完形填空 Cloze 1 【新考向·完形考查动词词组】（2026北京市顺义区二模)It was a very depressing day. I was exhausted from lack of sleep, but the true ____1____ was emotional: I felt completely broken inside, with no idea what my future held. I had been studying medicine abroad, dreaming of becoming a doctor there, yet my financial situation forced me to make the ____2____ decision to return to my hometown — Sri Lanka, leaving behind my dream. On my departure morning, I took a regular bus to the capital city due to limited finances. The journey was slow, and heavy traffic delayed me. By the time I reached the city, I could barely breathe from ____3____. I rushed to catch the underground to the airport. Everything felt heavy: the noise, the crowds, the weight of my bags, even the air seemed to ____4____ against me. When I arrived at the airport, my nightmare (噩梦) ____5____. The flight gate was shut. It was the last day of my visa, and the staff said I needed to pay $100 for another flight, a huge amount for me. I broke down and cried ____6____ in front of the counter. Suddenly, I heard a strange, deep voice. “Don’t cry.” Turning around, I saw a man stepping forward. He ____7____ the money, helped me with the papers and even looked out for me right up until I boarded another flight. Before we ____8____, I took his address. After returning home, I sent him a thank-you card. He never replied, but I still remember him with ____9____. Now, wherever I can, I help others, passing on that same miracle of ____10____ I received in my greatest need and keeping the flame alive. 1. A. weight B. shame C. doubt D. distance 2. A. wise B. correct C. tough D. random 3. A. boredom B. anger C. loneliness D. worry 4. A. race B. press C. brush D. lean 5. A. returned B. faded C. ended D. deepened 6. A. silently B. constantly C. uncontrollably D. unreasonably 7. A. handed over B. paid back C. gave away D. picked up 8. A. reacted B. parted C. arrived D. settled 9. A. curiosity B. apology C. respect D. regret 10. A. praise B. understanding C. encouragement D. warmth Cloze 2 【新考向·完形考查动词词组】Last Friday, our class had a chemistry test. Everyone looked ____1____ when Miss Clark walked in. “Turn off your phones and put them in your schoolbags,” she said. When the bell finally rang, I was ____2____ but relieved. I packed my things quickly and left the classroom. On the way home, I suddenly noticed my pocket felt unusually ____3____. “My phone!” I cried. I ran back. When I pushed open the door, I saw only one student inside — David, the quietest boy in our class, holding a phone. For a second, I felt ____4____. “Is that my phone?” I asked sharply. “Oh, yes,” he said quickly. “I was going to take it to the teacher’s office.” His face turned red. There was a small crack on the corner of the phone that only I would ____5____. I took it from him. There was an uncomfortable ____6____. I remembered the stories my classmates sometimes talked about him — that his family was poor and that he never had any nice things. That night, I could not fall asleep. Was he embarrassed because he had been ____7____, or because I did not trust him? The next morning before class, my classmates ____8____ about what had happened to me the day before. David stood up and said in a low voice, “Miss, may I say something?” He explained that he had found a phone and was ____9____ whose it was when I came back. “People think I might take things,” he added. “But I would never do that.” The classroom became completely silent. The teacher looked at him with gentle eyes. “Thank you for being honest, David,” she said. My face ____10____. 1. A. content B. nervous C. honest D. guilty 2. A. driven out B. found out C. left out D. worn out 3. A. light B. shallow C. tight D. neat 4. A. confident B. grateful C. doubtful D. impatient 5. A. recognise B. own C. forget D. treasure 6. A. topic B. truth C. question D. silence 7. A. caught B. told C. hurt D. understood 8. A. complained B. whispered C. worried D. thought 9. A. hoping B. calling C. discussing D. checking 10. A. fell B. softened C. burned D. paled Cloze 3 【新考向·完形考查动词词组】（2025·北京延庆·2月月考）On September 28, as Shane Naidoo, an emergency room doctor, approached the halfway point of the New Jersey Half Marathon in Newport, a woman named Chrystal Rinehold, 36, suddenly collapsed on the greenway in Liberty State Park, Jersey City. Naidoo 1 with four other runners to help and immediately realized the situation was serious. The woman, Chrystal Rinehold, an experienced runner, was struggling to 2 and could barely speak. He 3 others to call 911, get a police officer to secure the scene and inform a medic tent to know what happened. Over and over he said to her “Stay with me.” 4 , Rinehold’s husband, Walli McMillan, was waiting with flowers and their children at the finish line. Naidoo noticed a 5 from McMillan on Rinehold’s Apple watch: “Are you, okay, babe?” He called McMillan on a volunteer’s phone, urging him to speak 6 to Rinehold, even if she couldn’t hear him, to let her know he loved her. Police arrived with emergency oxygen, followed shortly by paramedics. Naidoo rode in the ambulance with Rinehold to Jersey City Medical Cente. At the hospital, he 7 the emergency room staff and stayed to assist until McMillan arrived. When Naidoo left the hospital, he returned to   8 the race and finished behind more than 4000 others with a time of three hours and 53 minutes. At the finish line, Naidoo apologized and thanked everyone for staying late. When presented with a race completion 9 , he had an idea: he cut it in half and sent it to Rinehold. “This medal isn’t just mine,” Naidoo said. “I knew it would mean a lot to Chrystal and her family. I didn’t want her race to end on a(an)   10 note.” 1．A．walked down B．jumped up C．rushed over D．fell behind 2．A．stand B．breathe C．respond D．move 3．A．encouraged B．expected C．allowed D．instructed 4．A．Meanwhile B．Instead C．Therefore D．Moreover 5．A．call B．sign C．message D．signal 6．A．confidently B．hopefully C．hesitantly D．casually 7．A．criticized B．briefed C．taught D．indicated 8．A．enter B．win C．join D．complete 9．A．certificate B．card C．medal D．prize 10．A．boring B．discouraging C．annoying D．challenging Cloze 4 【新考向·完形考查动词词组】（2025·北京顺义·一模）Over 20 years ago, Virginia Squier led some students to visit England. She also brought along her 8-year-old daughter Chambers. One day at around 5 pm, they were on a packed 1 in the London Underground. While Squier began counting her students, a train stopped. Suddenly, her daughter 2 Squier’s hand, jumped on the train, and the doors began to close. Seeing her daughter’s 3 face through the glass, Squier’s heart raced, and she shouted desperately, trying to reach out to Chambers. But the train gathered 4 and pulled out of the station. The last thing she saw was Chambers crying and pounding her small fists against the glass. Behind Chambers, a young man dressed in black leather with a dog collar around his neck rose and started 5 Chambers. Terrified, Squier searched for an employee. But the language barrier made her situation 6 . When Squier focused on getting the employee to understand her request, “She’s back,” her students said. Squier turned and there was her little girl. The man on the train had witnessed what had happened and stepped in to help. He 7 Chambers and guided her off the train at the next stop. They then boarded another train headed back to her mother. “My previous thought that he was 8 was destroyed,” Squier said. “I remember looking up at him and then breaking down, hugging my sobbing (啜泣) child. When I looked up again to thank him, he was gone.” Squier says the man didn’t just save her daughter. He changed the way she 9 the world, and taught her to be a more 10 person. To this day, she remembers him whenever she’s about to judge someone by appearance. 1．A．bridge B．platform C．stair D．walkway 2．A．fell back on B．held up C．played with D．let go of 3．A．expressive B．serious C．panicked D．indifferent 4．A．steam B．speed C．passengers D．goods 5．A．seizing B．dragging C．approaching D．helping 6．A．difficult B．manageable C．unstable D．unique 7．A．praised B．comforted C．scared D．challenged 8．A．frightening B．mysterious C．sympathetic D．ambitious 9．A．keeps off B．makes up C．turns to D．moves through 10．A．grateful B．inspiring C．careful D．accepting Cloze 5 【新考向·完形考查动词词组】（2025·北京人大附中·三模）I have always loved animals, from my childhood fascination with ladybirds to greedily watching wildlife programs on television. I think one reason is that animals are often more patient and 1 than many people. After I first moved in with Grandpa, I spent a lot of time with his cat, Jay. She was then a little less than two years old and very aloof (冷漠的), preferring to spend all her time out alone 2 around the neighborhood gardens and growling (低声吼叫) whenever my grandpa tried to pat or hold her. At that time, Grandpa regularly clocked in at the office, often 3 over ten hours every day. Before my arrival, Jay had therefore spent her first and formative years alone for much of the time. It must have been a surprise, then — and a shock — for her to suddenly find that she now had 4 throughout the day. At first, I kept my 5 , knowing that she was unused to having someone around regularly. Instead, I waited for her natural 6 to work, and indeed it wasn’t long before she would 7 me as I was sitting in the living room, and sniff at (闻一闻) my feet and hands if I lowered them for her to rub with her nose. Over time, Jay started to spend more and more time 8 . Whenever she came in, I would kneel down until my face was level with hers and slowly 9 my hand around her head and stroke (轻抚) her in the same way that I had watched her stroke the fur on her back with her tongue. Then she would purr (呼噜声), open and close her eyes sleepily, and I knew that I had won her 10 . No relationship is without trust and company and this is also true to humans and their pets. 1．A．brave B．accepting C．lonely D．rewarding 2．A．searching B．fighting C．checking D．wandering 3．A．stuck B．gone C．delayed D．lost 4．A．company B．danger C．threat D．presence 5．A．guard B．way C．distance D．silence 6．A．curiosity B．courage C．skill D．sense 7．A．walk up to B．live up to C．catch up to D．turn up to 8．A．alone B．within C．afar D．indoors 9．A．shook B．extended C．waved D．dropped 10．A．devotion B．support C．affection D．loyalty Cloze 6 【新考向·完形考查动词词组】（2025·北京平谷·一模）When John Joyce stepped into his brand-new truck, he said, “I feel like a millionaire.” The 83-year-old from St. Petersburg, Florida, who cuts grass for a living, may not have a million dollars, but he 1 everyone else like they do. Robert Norton is Joyce’s old customer and Joyce has worked for him for eight years. “He is the kind of guy you just want to hug,” Robert Norton said. “He is a 2 man with a heart of gold and he works very hard.” Nothing stops him from making sure all of his 3 grass gets cut, even if that means walking six miles while pushing his grass cutter. After his 1994 Ford truck broke down three months ago, Norton asked him why he still 4 . He responded by saying, “If I don’t cut the grass, it’s going to grow, Robert!” Norton was 5 by Joyce’s devotion to his work when he heard a knock at the door a few days later. It was Joyce, who had just walked three miles to ask for US$5 to fuel his grass cutter. Norton gave him US$20 and told him to fill up his machine and keep the 6 . “I wanted to do something more for him since he’s such a hard worker,” Norton said. Then Norton went to his wife with the   7 to buy Joyce a new truck. Together they set up GoFundMe page, which 8 over US$13,000 in just a few weeks. It was enough to buy Joyce a new truck. And with the leftover money, Joyce 9 his insurance for a year and received a US$l,000 gift card, which he used to buy a new grass cutter and other tools. When they 10 him with his new truck, Joyce couldn’t believe his eyes. “Is that my truck?” he asked while walking up to the 2024 Nissan car. “I can’t wait to try it.” Norton said, “I’m happy to have been able to help out such a nice guy.” 1．A．makes B．treats C．teaches D．tests 2．A．simple B．mean C．strange D．tricky 3．A．parents’ B．friends’ C．neighbors’ D．customers’ 4．A．searched B．forgot C．came D．failed 5．A．annoyed B．confused C．confirmed D．impressed 6．A．rest B．level C．secret D．fare 7．A．money B．warning C．idea D．cheque 8．A．spent B．raised C．donated D．covered 9．A．paid off B．paid back C．took in D．took up 10．A．bargained B．surprised C．assured D．associated 20 / 20网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司zxxk.com 学科网（北京）股份有限公司zxxk.com 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $