精品解析：广东省汕头市潮阳实验学校2026届考前模拟英语试题

高三英语 本试卷共8页，满分120分。考试用时120分钟。 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Healthy Eating Plate Use the Healthy Eating Plate as a guide for creating healthy, balanced meals-whether served at the table or packed in a lunch box. Building a Healthy and Balanced Diet The Healthy Eating Plate presents a simple visual guide to building a healthy meal. By showing different food groups on one plate, it stresses balance, choice, and everyday eating habits. HEALTHY EATING PLATE Use healthy oils (like olive and canola oil) for cooking, on salad, and at the table. Limit butter. Avoid trans fat. Drink water, tea, or coffee (with little or no sugar). Limit milk/dairy (1-2 servings/day) and juice (1 small glass/day). Avoid sugary drinks. The more veggies - and the greater the variety - the better. Potatoes and French fries are excluded. Eat a variety of whole grains (like whole-wheat bread, whole-grain pasta, and brown rice). Limit refined grains (like white rice and white bread). Eat plenty of fruits of all colors. STAY ACTIVE! Choose fish, poultry, beans, and nuts; limit red meat and cheese; avoid bacon, cold cuts, and other processed meats. These guidelines highlight what matters most in healthy eating: • The type of carbohydrate (碳水化合物) in the diet is more important than the amount of carbohydrate, because some sources — like vegetables (other than potatoes), fruits, whole grains, and beans — are healthier than others. • It advises consumers to avoid sugary drinks, a major source of calories — usually with little nutritional value — in the American diet. • It encourages consumers to use healthy oils, and it does not set a maximum on the percentage of calories people should get each day from healthy sources of fat. In this way, the Healthy Eating Plate recommends the opposite of the low-fat message promoted for decades by the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA). Your Plate and the Planet Just as different foods can have different impacts on human health, they also have different impacts on the environment. Food production is a major contributor to greenhouse gas emissions (排放), and it places an enormous demand upon our earth’s natural resources. 1. Which food choice would be most likely questioned? A. Nuts added to a salad. B. Brown rice with beans. C. Steamed fish with vegetables. D. Bacon served with white bread. 2. What is the main message of the Healthy Eating Plate? A. To count calories first. B. To follow a low-fat diet. C. To cut carbohydrate intake. D. To focus on diet quality 3. Why is the USDA mentioned in the text? A. To explain how food policies are made. B. To highlight the changes in dietary views. C. To show that the Plate takes official advice. D. To support the idea of limiting fat consumption. 【答案】1. D 2. D 3. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了“健康饮食餐盘”的具体指南，包括各类食物的选择建议，以及其与传统饮食观念的不同和对环境的考量。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据表格中“Limit refined grains (like white rice and white bread).(限制精制谷物(如白米和白面包))”以及“avoid bacon, cold cuts, and other processed meats.(避免培根、冷切肉和其他加工肉类)”可知，培根属于要避免的加工肉类，白面包属于要限制的精制谷物，所以D项“培根配白面包”这个食物选择最可能受到质疑。故选D项。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据表格下面内容“•The type of carbohydrate (碳水化合物) in the diet is more important than the amount of carbohydrate, because some sources — like vegetables (other than potatoes), fruits, whole grains, and beans — are healthier than others.(•饮食中碳水化合物的种类比数量更重要，因为一些来源——如蔬菜(土豆除外)、水果、全谷物和豆类——比其他来源更健康)”以及对各类食物选择的具体建议可知，健康饮食餐盘的核心是关注饮食的质量，而非单纯的数量或热量等。故选D项。 【3题详解】 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中“In this way, the Healthy Eating Plate recommends the opposite of the low-fat message promoted for decades by the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA).(通过这种方式，健康饮食餐盘建议的与美国农业部(USDA)几十年来推广的低脂理念相反)”可知，提及美国农业部是为了突出健康饮食餐盘代表的饮食观念和传统低脂观念的不同，体现了饮食观念的变化。故选B项。 B Christmas time with kids is filled with warm traditions: Listening to Christmas music while decorating the tree, going to look at Christmas lights with hot chocolate in hand, and taking the kids to visit Santa Claus. Well, delete that last one. At least for my family. Parents think about how fun it will be at first to take their kids to see Santa, or tell them gifts are on their way from Santa, but this comes with a series of annoying questions about Mr. Claus like how he makes it to all the houses in one night, as well as the broken trust after revealing the truth. I didn’t want that. You may think that our Christmases were rigid, stuffy, and without any warmth or magic. I don’t think so. Part of that is due to what I taught my kids about Christmas. Instead of telling them Santa is real, I told them it most likely has its origins in St. Nicholas, a man who was kind and generous to children in need. Netflix’s 2021 movie “A Boy Called Christmas” is a useful tool for helping kids connect Christmas myths and traditions with reality while keeping the spirit of generosity alive. The month of December is filled with movie and game nights, plays and concerts. These family traditions have added flavor to my kids’ entire childhood. Hopefully, they know now that it’s the time with family, doing special things together, that creates the magic and that my love for them goes well beyond just one day — and that magic, wonder and awe can happen any time with family, especially if we remain generous and grateful. My kids are older now, and they’re glad they didn’t believe the myth of Santa. It was one fewer bad memory for them, one fewer blow to their innocent childhood. 4. What is special for the author’s family’s Christmas time? A. Appreciating Christmas lights. B. skipping visiting Santa Claus. C. Unlocking secrets of Santa Claus. D. Helping Santa Claus deliver gifts. 5. What does the author want to convey to her kids in paragraph3? A. Generosity comes from reality. B. Warmth counts to Christmas. C. St. Nicholas is an unsung hero. D. Santa myth will break kids’ trust. 6. What does the author intend to show by mentioning “the magic of Christmas”? A. To prove that the Santa myth is not necessary for Christmas. B. To explain why family entertainments are popular in December. C. To show that Christmas is the most magical festival for families. D. To stress that shared family time is the core of Christmas’ charm. 7. Which of the following can best describe the author? A. Rigid but caring. B. Generous and devoted. C. Distant but unconventional. D. Thoughtful and insightful. 【答案】4. B 5. A 6. D 7. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者在圣诞节期间不让孩子相信圣诞老人神话，而是通过讲述圣尼古拉斯的故事和家庭共度时光来传递慷慨与感恩的节日精神。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中“Christmas time with kids is filled with warm traditions: Listening to Christmas music while decorating the tree, going to look at Christmas lights with hot chocolate in hand, and taking the kids to visit Santa Claus. Well, delete that last one. At least for my family. (与孩子们一起度过的圣诞节充满了温馨的传统：装饰圣诞树时听圣诞音乐，手捧热巧克力去看圣诞灯饰，带孩子们去拜访圣诞老人。嗯，删掉最后一项。至少对我的家人来说是这样)”可知，作者家庭的特别之处在于跳过了拜访圣诞老人这一项。故选B项。 【5题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段“You may think that our Christmases were rigid, stuffy, and without any warmth or magic. I don’t think so. Part of that is due to what I taught my kids about Christmas. Instead of telling them Santa is real, I told them it most likely has its origins in St. Nicholas, a man who was kind and generous to children in need. Netflix’s 2021 movie “A Boy Called Christmas” is a useful tool for helping kids connect Christmas myths and traditions with reality while keeping the spirit of generosity alive.(你或许以为我们的圣诞节刻板拘谨，缺乏温暖与魔力。但我并不这样认为——这很大程度上得益于我教导孩子们如何看待圣诞节的方式。我没有给他们说圣诞老人是真的，而是讲述了这个形象很可能源于圣尼古拉斯——一位对贫苦孩子充满善意与慷慨的真实人物。Netflix于2021年出品的电影《圣诞男孩》，是一部既能帮助孩子将圣诞传说与现实传统相联结，又能延续慷慨精神的佳作)”可推知，作者没和孩子们讨论圣诞老人是否真实，而是通过探讨圣诞老人的起源来传达圣诞老人的慷慨源于现实生活中的真实人物和精神，作者想向她的孩子们传达慷慨来自现实。故选A项。 【6题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段中“Hopefully, they know now that it’s the time with family, doing special things together, that creates the magic and that my love for them goes well beyond just one day — and that magic, wonder and awe can happen any time with family, especially if we remain generous and grateful. (希望他们现在明白，是家人共度的时光，一起做特别的事情，创造了魔力，而我对他们的爱远不止一天——魔力、奇迹和敬畏可以随时与家人一起发生，尤其是当我们保持慷慨和感恩之心时)”可知，作者提到“圣诞节的魔力”是为了强调家人共度的时光才是圣诞节魅力的核心。故选D项。 【7题详解】 推理判断题。通读全文，结合第一段中“Christmas time with kids is filled with warm traditions: Listening to Christmas music while decorating the tree, going to look at Christmas lights with hot chocolate in hand, and taking the kids to visit Santa Claus. Well, delete that last one. At least for my family. (与孩子们一起度过的圣诞节充满了温馨的传统：装饰圣诞树时听圣诞音乐，手捧热巧克力去看圣诞灯饰，带孩子们去拜访圣诞老人。嗯，删掉最后一项。至少对我的家人来说是这样)”以及第三段中“Instead of telling them Santa is real, I told them it most likely has its origins in St. Nicholas, a man who was kind and generous to children in need. (我没有给他们说圣诞老人是真的，而是告诉他们圣诞老人很可能起源于圣尼古拉斯，一个对贫困儿童友善和慷慨的人)”和第四段中“Hopefully, they know now that it’s the time with family, doing special things together, that creates the magic (希望他们现在明白，是家人共度的时光，一起做特别的事情，创造了魔力)”可知，作者深思熟虑地选择不让孩子相信圣诞老人神话，并通过讲述圣尼古拉斯的故事和创造家庭传统来传递节日的真正意义，这表明她是一位考虑周全且富有洞察力的母亲。故选D项。 C In recent years, consumers have increasingly sought “clean-label” foods — products made with natural ingredients. This trend has driven scientists to search for safe, natural preservatives (防腐剂，保护剂). They have turned their attention to a part of the cashew nut (腰果) that is often thrown away — the shell. From it, they extract Cashew Nut Shell Liquid (CNSL) and find that it contains special natural substances that can fight bacteria and prevent decay (变质). While this dark liquid has been studied for use in industries like paint and medicine, its potential for preserving food had not been fully explored until now. The scientists designed a careful experiment to test whether CNSL could help preserve beef, one of the most widely consumed meats globally. They applied the liquid to beef samples at different concentrations (含量、浓度). Some meat was left untreated as controls. The samples were then stored under different conditions — some at room temperature and others in refrigeration — for two weeks. During storage, a detailed microbiological evaluation was conducted to quantify total viable (活菌) counts and specific spoilage organisms (腐败菌), including Pseudomonas spp., Clostridium spp., and Proteus spp. Physicochemical analyses monitored changes in pH and water activity, while bacteria growth was assessed during storage at room temperature. The scientists discovered that the CNSL-treated meat showed significantly less bacterial growth than untreated meat. The effect was strongest at higher concentrations, with a 2.0% solution providing excellent protection while maintaining meat quality. Even at room temperature, it effectively delayed the meat’s souring process and reduced bacteria growth, helping the beef stay fresh-looking longer. The researchers note that further studies are needed to understand whether the liquid affects the taste and texture of the beef, and how it might be combined with modern packaging for even better results. Still, this study opens a window into nature’s own way of keeping food fresh — hidden inside a humble cashew shell. 8. Why are scientists studying cashew nut shells? A. To reduce waste in the food industry. B. To improve the taste of processed foods. C. To find natural alternatives to artificial preservatives. D. To develop new industrial materials for paint and medicine. 9. What was the primary focus of the microbiological evaluation? A. The variety of cashew species. B. The safety of refrigerated beef. C. The changes in pH and water activity. D. The effectiveness of CNSL against bacteria. 10. What does the experiment suggest about CNSL? A. It can improve meat quality over time. B. It performs best at room temperature. C. It speeds up the meat’s souring process. D. Its concentration and the storage life are closely related. 11. What is the author’s attitude towards the future of CNSL? A. Fully convinced. B. Cautiously optimistic. C. Hesitant and doubtful. D. Neutral and objective. 【答案】8. C 9. D 10. D 11. B 【解析】 【导语】文章讲述了科学家发现腰果壳液有保存食物的效果，介绍了实验设计、实验结果以及未来研究方向。 【8题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中“This trend has driven scientists to search for safe, natural preservatives (防腐剂，保护剂). They have turned their attention to a part of the cashew nut (腰果) that is often thrown away — the shell.(这一趋势促使科学家们寻找安全、天然的防腐剂。他们将注意力转向了腰果经常被丢弃的一部分——果壳。)”可推知，科学家研究腰果壳是为了寻找天然的防腐剂，以替代人工防腐剂。 【9题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中“During storage, a detailed microbiological evaluation was conducted to quantify total viable (活菌) counts and specific spoilage organisms (腐败菌), including Pseudomonas spp., Clostridium spp., and Proteus spp. Physicochemical analyses monitored changes in pH and water activity, while bacteria growth was assessed during storage at room temperature. The scientists discovered that the CNSL-treated meat showed significantly less bacterial growth than untreated meat.(在储存过程中，进行了详细的微生物评估，以量化总活菌数和特定的腐败菌，包括假单胞菌属、梭菌属和变形杆菌属。物理化学分析监测了pH值和水分活性的变化，同时在室温下储存期间评估了细菌的生长情况。科学家们发现，经腰果壳液处理的肉类比未经处理的肉类细菌生长明显更少。)”可知，微生物评估的主要关注点是腰果壳液抑制细菌生长的效果。 【10题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段中“The effect was strongest at higher concentrations, with a 2.0% solution providing excellent protection while maintaining meat quality.(这种效果在较高浓度时最强，2.0%的溶液在保持了肉质的同时提供了极佳的保护。)”可推知，实验表明腰果壳液的浓度与防腐效果（储存寿命）密切相关。 【11题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“The researchers note that further studies are needed to understand whether the liquid affects the taste and texture of the beef, and how it might be combined with modern packaging for even better results. Still, this study opens a window into nature’s own way of keeping food fresh — hidden inside a humble cashew shell.(研究人员指出，需要进一步的研究来了解这种液体是否会影响牛肉的味道和质地，以及如何将其与现代包装相结合以获得更好的效果。尽管如此，这项研究还是打开了一扇窗户，让我们了解大自然自己保持食物新鲜的方式——隐藏在一个不起眼的腰果壳里。 )”可知，作者虽然肯定了目前的研究成果，但也指出了需要进一步研究的地方，态度是谨慎乐观的。 D Traditional robotic systems lean heavily on satellite-based GPS, whose signals are unstable in extreme geographical conditions. However, future robots will independently conduct search-and-rescue missions or explore dangerous environments with a level of reliability. Yet the most significant barrier to this autonomy is navigation (导航). In response to this challenge, researchers have turned their attention to nature. Nature has spent hundreds of millions of years evolving the art of navigation. The first inspiration comes from insects’ ability to track their own movements relative to a starting point. The second mode is based on birds’ multisensory capabilities to integrate information from several sensory channels. The other one draws inspiration from rodents (啮齿类动物), whose brains enable them to build maps of their surroundings. Rather than adopting a single biological strategy, researchers have built a unified framework that combines them together. Each contributes a different form of spacial awareness and solves a different aspect of the navigation puzzle, and together they provide a system capable of supporting long-term autonomy. To determine whether the system could withstand real-world conditions, researchers have conducted extensive field experiments in challenging environments — from abandoned mines to thick forests where GPS signals fail entirely. The results are striking. The robots stay on course significantly longer with accuracy and the system demonstrates up to 60% higher energy efficiency. The most impressive achievement is its resilience to sensor failure. The moment the robots’ primary sensors break down, multiple subsystems will step in, ensuring continuous performance without human intervention. The emerging era of autonomous exploration begins with a simple insight borrowed from nature: This capacity is not the product of a single perfect system but the harmony of multiple ones. In this sense, robots will become more than machines. They will become partners capable of operating independently in the most demanding environments on Earth and beyond, guided by the evolutionary genius of the natural world. 12. How does the author present the issue in paragraph 1? A. By giving an example. B. By defining a concept. C. By making a contrast. D. By explaining a theory. 13. What is a feature of the newly-built navigation framework? A. It employs combined biological strategies. B. It contains a single form of spacial awareness. C. It enhances animals’ multisensory capabilities. D. It solves the same aspect of the navigation puzzle. 14. What does the underlined word “resilience” in paragraph 3 probably mean? A. The effort to increase efficiency. B. The ability to function normally. C. The intention to explore actively. D. The capacity to analyze situations. 15. What does the author want to convey in the text? A. Humans can exist in harmony with nature. B. Nature remains humans’ greatest engineer. C. The application of navigation is widespread. D. Autonomous exploration regains popularity. 【答案】12. C 13. A 14. B 15. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了受自然界生物导航能力启发而研发的新型机器人导航系统，包括其设计原理、实验效果及应用前景。 【12题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段“Traditional robotic systems lean heavily on satellite-based GPS, whose signals are unstable in extreme geographical conditions. However, future robots will independently conduct search-and-rescue missions or explore dangerous environments with a level of reliability. Yet the most significant barrier to this autonomy is navigation (导航).(传统机器人系统严重依赖卫星GPS，其信号在极端地理条件下不稳定。然而，未来的机器人将以一定的可靠性独立执行搜救任务或探索危险环境。但这种自主性的最大障碍是导航。)”可知，作者将传统依赖GPS的机器人系统与未来需要自主导航的机器人进行对比，引出导航这一核心问题。故选C。 【13题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“Rather than adopting a single biological strategy, researchers have built a unified framework that combines them together. Each contributes a different form of spacial awareness and solves a different aspect of the navigation puzzle, and together they provide a system capable of supporting long-term autonomy.(研究人员没有采用单一的生物策略，而是构建了一个将它们结合在一起的统一框架。每一种都提供了不同形式的空间感知，解决了导航难题的不同方面，共同构成了一个能够支持长期自主性的系统。)”可知，新导航框架的特点是采用了多种生物策略的结合。故选A。 【14题详解】 词句猜测题。根据第三段“The moment the robots’ primary sensors break down, multiple subsystems will step in, ensuring continuous performance without human intervention.(当机器人的主传感器发生故障时，多个子系统会介入，确保在无人干预的情况下持续运行。)”可知，该系统在传感器故障时仍能正常工作，因此“resilience”指的是“恢复力，适应力”，与B选项“The ability to function normally.(正常运行的能力。)”含义相似。故选B。 【15题详解】 主旨大意题。根据最后一段“The emerging era of autonomous exploration begins with a simple insight borrowed from nature: This capacity is not the product of a single perfect system but the harmony of multiple ones. In this sense, robots will become more than machines. They will become partners capable of operating independently in the most demanding environments on Earth and beyond, guided by the evolutionary genius of the natural world.(自主探索的新时代始于一个从自然界借鉴的简单洞见：这种能力不是单一完美系统的产物，而是多个系统的和谐统一。从这个意义上说，机器人将不仅仅是机器。它们将成为能够在地球乃至太空最苛刻的环境中独立运行的伙伴，由自然界的进化智慧所引导。)”可知，作者想传达的核心是自然界一直是人类最伟大的工程师，为技术研发提供了灵感。故选B。 第二节（共5小题：每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 People favor humor, as it lights up daily moments, eases awkwardness and makes every interaction warm and enjoyable. This magic of humor doesn’t just work in daily life; it also shines in the field of science, especially online. ____16____ Firstly, humor simplifies tough scientific knowledge. ____17____ For example, explaining AI in self-driving cars with a funny analogy about “machines learning like clumsy toddlers” makes abstract ideas easy for non-professional groups to understand. ____18____ Scientists sharing clever and humorous stories about laboratory experiments on social media often attract more interactions than dry academic posts. Additionally, humor humanizes scientists, as seen in popular science lectures where light-hearted jokes help audiences feel closer to researchers. ____19____ The hidden risks deserve our attention. If the content itself is untrue, humor can even replace facts, leading the audience to form wrong opinions about scientific knowledge just based on the amusing posts they see. Overusing sarcasm or negative humor also has the opposite effect, as it will quickly make scientists lose the public’s trust and damage their credibility. Proper humor use requires a balance between vivid expression and professional precision. It should neither overshadow the core scientific information nor be so shallow that it loses seriousness. ____20____ Scientists who master this balance can effectively narrow the divide with the public, making science more welcoming and popular. A. Overuse harms professionalism. B. It also boosts audience engagement effectively. C. It helps break the impression of scientists being cold and distant. D. A little humor can greatly enhance scientists’ communication effect. E. Humor in scientific communication is a double-edged sword, though. F. It’s a helper in making complex concepts understandable to ordinary people. G. It is believed humor needs to be used with great care in such communication. 【答案】16. D 17. F 18. B 19. E 20. A 【解析】 【导语】这篇文章主要介绍了幽默助力科普，可简化知识、增进互动，但使用不当易误导大众。科普要兼顾趣味与严谨，适度巧用幽默。 【16题详解】 前文“This magic of humor doesn’t just work in daily life; it also shines in the field of science, especially online.( 幽默的这种魔力不仅在日常生活中有效，在科学领域（尤其是在网络上）也同样如此。)”引出“幽默在科学领域（尤其是线上）同样闪耀”的核心话题，后文分点阐述幽默在科学传播中的具体好处。本空需要一个承上启下的总起句，概括幽默对科学传播的整体作用。D选项“A little humor can greatly enhance scientists’ communication effect.( 一点幽默就能极大地提升科学家的沟通效果。)”起到承上启下的作用，上下文语意连贯。 【17题详解】 上文“Firstly, humor simplifies tough scientific knowledge.( 首先，幽默能简化复杂的科学知识。)”本段第一个分论点是“幽默简化艰深的科学知识”，后文“For example, explaining AI in self-driving cars with a funny analogy about “machines learning like clumsy toddlers” makes abstract ideas easy for non-professional groups to understand.( 例如，用一个关于“机器像笨拙的学步儿童一样学习”的有趣类比来解释自动驾驶汽车中的人工智能，能让非专业人士更容易理解抽象的概念。)”用“用笨拙学步儿童类比自动驾驶 AI”的例子支撑。本空是对分论点的同义转述和补充说明，F选项“It’s a helper in making complex concepts understandable to ordinary people.( 它有助于使复杂的概念为普通人所理解。)”中“complex concepts understandable”与“simplifies tough scientific knowledge”完全对应，同时引出下文举例。 【18题详解】 前文“For example, explaining AI in self-driving cars with a funny analogy about “machines learning like clumsy toddlers” makes abstract ideas easy for non-professional groups to understand.( 例如，用一个关于“机器像笨拙的学步儿童一样学习”的有趣类比来解释自动驾驶汽车中的人工智能，能让非专业人士更容易理解抽象的概念。)”讲完第一个好处，后文“Scientists sharing clever and humorous stories about laboratory experiments on social media often attract more interactions than dry academic posts.( 科学家在社交媒体上分享关于实验室实验的聪明幽默故事，往往比枯燥的学术帖子吸引更多的互动。)”提到“幽默的实验室故事比干巴巴的学术帖子吸引更多互动”，这是幽默的第二个核心好处。B选项“It also boosts audience engagement effectively.( 同时还能有效地提高观众的参与度。)”用 “also”自然过渡，“boosts audience engagement” 与后文“attract more interactions”形成精准对应。 【19题详解】 前两段全在讲幽默的积极作用，以及下文“The hidden risks deserve our attention.( 隐藏的风险值得我们关注。)”突然转向“隐藏的风险值得关注”。本空需要一个强转折句，完成从 “利”到“弊”的逻辑切换，E选项“Humor in scientific communication is a double-edged sword, though.( 幽默在科学交流中是一把双刃剑。)”中“double-edged sword（双刃剑）” 完美概括了幽默既有好处也有风险的特点。 【20题详解】 上文“Proper humor use requires a balance between vivid expression and professional precision. It should neither overshadow the core scientific information nor be so shallow that it loses seriousness.( 恰当的幽默运用需要在生动表达和专业精准之间取得平衡。它既不能掩盖核心的科学信息，也不能过于浅显以至于失去严肃性。)”讲的是恰当的幽默需要注意的事项，空处反向说明过度使用幽默带来的不良影响。A选项“Overuse harms professionalism.( 过度使用会损害专业形象。)”起到承上启下作用，上下文语意连贯。 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 In a small village on the sun-baked edge of the Sahara, 15-year-old Amara Keita would watch the sun set behind the dunes (沙丘), always puzzled by a single question: Why did such ____21____ energy go to waste every day? While his peers were chasing makeshift footballs, Amara ____22____ deserted car batteries and solar panels from the local garbage. His teachers thought he was ____23____ — “No university would accept a boy who talks to machines,” they commented. But Amara believed the desert sun could ____24____ the solution to the severe shortage of electricity in his village. To realize his dream, for three years, he worked alone in a mud-brick shelter, ____25____ over 50 models before constructing a solar-powered water pump that could run for 72 hours on a single charge. When the pump successfully irrigated old Moussa’s wheat field, the village elders ____26____ their heads in disbelief. News reached that a visiting UN engineer ____27____ Amara’s design to international investors. Fortunately, they agreed to fund the project. At 19, Amara now leads a team installing solar wires across ____28____ villages, though he still returns to maintain his first pump every weekend as a ____29____. “This old pump makes me remember,” he says, running his fingers over its weathered surface affectionately. Amara’s story proves a truth often forgotten: ____30____ isn’t about having expensive tools, but about spotting potential where others see ____31____. “The desert teaches us two things,” he reflects. “How little we have, and how ____32____ we can make of it.” His next project? A solar-powered school where children won’t have to study by the light of a ____33____ anymore. What began as one boy’s ____34____ has grown into a movement — proving that even the toughest environment can’t ____35____ a determined mind. 21. A. refreshing B. boundless C. invisible D. clean 22. A. collected B. discovered C. transformed D. buried 23. A. curious B. stubborn C. creative D. foolish 24. A. put off B. take in C. get over D. work out 25. A. throwing B. accumulating C. testing D. moving 26. A. nodded B. shook C. raised D. lowered 27. A. donated B. connected C. presented D. sold 28. A. prosperous B. crowded C. beautiful D. remote 29. A. habit B. relief C. reminder D. souvenir 30. A. Innovation B. Revolution C. Vision D. Belief 31. A. opportunity B. failure C. darkness D. waste 32. A. often B. much C. fast D. cheap 33. A. candle B. pump C. lamp D. battery 34. A. job B. dream C. incident D. game 35. A. motivate B. damage C. limit D. enrich 【答案】21. B 22. A 23. D 24. D 25. C 26. B 27. C 28. D 29. C 30. A 31. D 32. B 33. A 34. B 35. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了撒哈拉沙漠边缘小村庄的少年Amara Keita，从收集废弃材料开始，坚持研究太阳能，最终成功发明太阳能水泵解决村庄用电与灌溉难题，并将技术推广到更多偏远村庄，用创新与坚持改变家乡的励志故事。 【21题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：为什么如此无穷无尽的能量每天都被浪费掉？A. refreshing提神的；B. boundless无穷无尽的；C. invisible看不见的；D. clean干净的。根据前文“the sun set behind the dunes”以及后文“energy go to waste”以及常识可知，沙漠中的太阳能量是无穷无尽的，故选B。 【22题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当同龄人在追逐临时制作的足球时，Amara从当地垃圾中收集废弃的汽车电池和太阳能板。A. collected收集；B. discovered发现；C. transformed转变；D. buried埋葬。根据后文“deserted car batteries and solar panels from the local garbage”可知，Amara是从垃圾里收集这些废弃物品，故选A。 【23题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他的老师认为他很傻 ——“没有大学会接受一个和机器说话的男孩”，他们评论道。A. curious好奇的；B. stubborn固执的；C. creative有创造力的；D. foolish愚蠢的。根据后文老师的负面评价“No university would accept a boy who talks to machines”可知，老师觉得他的行为很愚蠢，故选D。 【24题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：但Amara相信沙漠的太阳可以助力找到解决村庄严重缺电问题的办法。A. put off推迟；B. take in吸收；C. get over克服；D. work out找到，想出（解决办法）。根据后文“the solution to the severe shortage of electricity”可知，此处指找到解决缺电的办法，故选D。 【25题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：为了实现梦想，三年来他独自在泥砖棚屋里工作，测试了50多个模型，才造出了充一次电就能运行72小时的太阳能水泵。A. throwing扔；B. accumulating积累；C. testing测试；D. moving移动。根据后文“over 50 models before constructing a solar-powered water pump”可知，在制造水泵前需要测试多个模型，故选C。 【26题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当水泵成功灌溉了老穆萨的麦田时，村里的长辈们难以置信地摇着头。A. nodded点头；B. shook摇动；C. raised抬起；D. lowered低下。根据后文“in disbelief”可知，人们通常会摇头表示不相信，此处表示“因难以置信而摇头”。故选B。 【27题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：消息传来，一位来访的联合国工程师将Amara的设计展示给了国际投资者。A. donated捐赠；B. connected连接；C. presented展示；D. sold出售。根据后文“they agreed to fund the project”可知，工程师是把设计展示给投资者看，故选C。 【28题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：19岁的Amara现在带领团队在偏远村庄安装太阳能电线，尽管他每个周末仍会回来维护他的第一台水泵，作为一种提醒。A. prosperous繁荣的；B. crowded拥挤的；C. beautiful美丽的；D. remote偏远的。根据前文故事背景是撒哈拉沙漠边缘的小村庄“In a small village on the sun-baked edge of the Sahara”，以及他要解决缺电问题，可知是去偏远村庄安装太阳能电线，故选D。 【29题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. habit习惯；B. relief宽慰；C. reminder提醒物；D. souvenir纪念品。根据后文“This old pump makes me remember”可知，水泵是一个提醒，故选C。 【30题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：Amara的故事证明了一个常被遗忘的真理：创新不在于拥有昂贵的工具，而在于在别人看作是废物的地方发现潜力。A. Innovation创新；B. Revolution革命；C. Vision愿景；D. Belief信念。根据前文Amara 发明太阳能水泵的事迹“constructing a solar-powered water pump”以及后文“spotting potential”可知，此处指创新，故选A。 【31题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. opportunity机会；B. failure失败；C. darkness黑暗；D. waste废物。根据前文“Why did such energy go to waste every day?” 以及他从垃圾中收集材料可知，在别人看来，这都是废品，故选D。 【32题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：沙漠教会我们两件事：我们拥有的多么少，以及我们能利用它做多少事。A. often经常；B. much很多；C. fast快速地；D. cheap便宜地。根据前文“Why did such ____ energy go to waste every day?”以及“Amara ____ deserted car batteries and solar panels from the local garbage.”可知，此处指充分利用有限的资源，固定搭配make much of 表示 “充分利用”。故选B。 【33题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他的下一个项目？一所太阳能学校，孩子们再也不用在烛光下学习了。A. candle蜡烛；B. pump水泵；C. lamp灯；D. battery电池。根据前文“the severe shortage of electricity in his village”可知，村庄缺电，只能用蜡烛照明，故选A。 【34题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：始于一个男孩梦想的事情，已经发展成一场运动，这证明即使是最艰苦的环境也无法限制一颗坚定的心。A. job工作；B. dream梦想；C. incident事件；D. game游戏。根据前文“To realize his dream”可知，这一开始是 Amara的梦想，故选B。 【35题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. motivate激励；B. damage损害；C. limit限制；D. enrich丰富。根据前文“ the toughest environment”和后文“a determined mind”的对比及Amara在艰苦环境中实现梦想的故事可知，环境无法限制坚定的意志，故选C。 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Perler beads, or, as they’re locally known, Pindou, are suddenly everywhere in China. These tiny plastic beads, which ____36____ (arrange) on pegboards and fused (熔合) with heat to create pixelated designs, have exploded in popularity among young people, becoming a new DIY craze. ____37____ (originate) in Sweden in the 1970s as a therapeutic tool for older adults, perler beads were later adopted ____38____ a children’s toy in North America. In China, they were once an uncommon hobby, but ____39____ (go) mainstream so far. Social media platforms are flooded with creative works, from cute fridge magnets and keychains to intricate art pieces, ____40____ related topics have gained billions of views. The appeal lies in the craft’s simplicity and therapeutic nature. Many young people find the ____41____ (repeat), meditative process of placing each bead by hand to be ____42____ calming escape from the stresses of daily life. It has also become a social activity, with friends gathering at DIY ____43____ (studio) to create together, ____44____ a form of self-expression, allowing people to turn their favorite characters and ideas into tangible objects. This resurgence of a “retro” craft shows that ____45____ trends may change, the human desire to create and connect remains the same. 【答案】36. are arranged 37. Originating 38. as 39. have gone 40. whose 41. repetitive##repeated 42. a 43. studios 44. and 45. while##though##although 【解析】 【导语】文章主要介绍了Perler beads这种在中国突然流行起来的小塑料珠，包括其起源、发展、流行原因以及所体现的人类创造和连接的愿望。 【36题详解】 考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：这些微小的塑料珠子被排列在钉板上，然后用热量熔合，创造出像素化的设计，在年轻人中大受欢迎，成为一种新的DIY热潮。arrange(排列)是定语从句中谓语动词，与主语which(即先行词These tiny plastic beads)之间是被动关系，描述客观事实用一般现在时，主语是复数名词，谓语动词用复数形式。 【37题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：Perler beads起源于20世纪70年代的瑞典，最初是作为老年人的治疗工具，后来在北美被用作儿童玩具。originate(起源于)作伴随状语，用非谓语动词形式，与其逻辑主语“perler beads”之间是主动关系，用现在分词表主动，句首单词首字母大写。 【38题详解】 考查介词。句意：Perler beads起源于20世纪70年代的瑞典，最初是作为老年人的治疗工具，后来在北美被用作儿童玩具。be adopted as是固定搭配，意为“被用作……”。 【39题详解】 考查时态。句意：在中国，它曾经是一种不常见的爱好，但到目前为止已经成为了主流。go(变得)是并列谓语动词，根据时间状语“so far”可知，用现在完成时，主语they是复数代词，助动词用have。 【40题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：社交媒体平台上充斥着创意作品，从可爱的冰箱贴和钥匙链到复杂的艺术品，相关话题的浏览量已达数十亿。“_____ related topics have gained billions of views”是限制性定语从句，修饰先行词“creative works”，关系词将其代入定语从句中作定语，修饰名词topics，用关系代词whose引导该从句。 【41题详解】 考查形容词。句意：许多年轻人发现，手工放置每个珠子的重复、冥想过程是一种从日常生活压力中解脱出来的平静方式。提示词修饰名词process，用形容词repetitive或者repeated作定语，意为“重复的”。 【42题详解】 考查冠词。句意：许多年轻人发现，手工放置每个珠子的重复、冥想过程是一种从日常生活压力中解脱出来的平静方式。escape(解脱)是可数名词单数，泛指“一种……的解脱方式”，且calming发音以辅音音素开头，用不定冠词a。 【43题详解】 考查名词。句意：它也成为了一种社交活动，朋友们聚集在DIY工作室一起创作，作为一种自我表达的形式，让人们把自己喜欢的角色和想法变成有形的东西。studio(工作室)是可数名词，结合语境可知，DIY工作室不止一个，用复数形式。 【44题详解】 考查连词。句意：它也成为了一种社交活动，朋友们聚集在DIY工作室一起创作，作为一种自我表达的形式，让人们把自己喜欢的角色和想法变成有形的东西。宾语“a social activity”和“a form of self-expression”是并列关系，用连词and连接。 【45题详解】 考查让步状语从句。句意：这种“复古”工艺的复兴表明，虽然趋势可能会改变，但人类创造和连接的愿望保持不变。根据句意可知，前后文是让步关系，用从属连词while/though/although引导让步状语从句。 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 46. 假设你是李华，你的英国好友David对中国传统文化有着浓厚的兴趣。本月，你市博物馆正在举办端午文化数字云展。请你给David写一封邮件，推荐他观看。内容包括： 1．云展内容； 2．推荐理由。 参考词汇：Online Digital Exhibition数字云展 注意： 1．写作词数应为80个左右； 2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置做答。 Dear David, I hope this email finds you well. __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 【答案】例文 Dear David, I hope this email finds you well. Since the museum in my city is holding an Online Digital Exhibition highlighting the Dragon Boat Festival, I’m writing to highly recommend it to you. The display offers a fascinating insight into the festival’s history, rice dumpling making and dragon boat races with vivid 3D images and interactive AI. By clicking and personalized instructions, you can have access to 3D displays, VR experiences and interactive games which will instantly transport you to the festive atmosphere. Personally, the showcase is a real must-see. If interested, you will definitely enjoy traditional Chinese culture through high-tech fun! Yours, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用写作。要求考生以李华的身份，给喜爱中国传统文化的英国好友 David 写信，推荐本市博物馆举办的端午文化数字云展，介绍云展核心内容并说明推荐理由。 【详解】1. 词汇积累 推荐：recommend → propose 立即：instantly → immediately 生动的：vivid → lively 确定地：definitely→ certainly 2. 句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：The display offers a fascinating insight into the festival’s history, rice dumpling making and dragon boat races with vivid 3D images and interactive AI. 拓展句：Since the exhibition adopts high technology, it shows the festival’s history, rice dumpling making and dragon boat races with vivid 3D images and interactive AI. 【点睛】【高分句型 1】Since the museum in my city is holding an Online Digital Exhibition highlighting the Dragon Boat Festival, I’m writing to highly recommend it to you.（运用since引导原因状语从句，现在分词highlighting作后置定语） 【高分句型 2】By clicking and personalized instructions, you can have access to 3D displays, VR experiences and interactive games which will instantly transport you to the festive atmosphere.（运用which引导限制性定语从句） 第二节（满分25分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 The wind swept across the Irish coast as Grandfather bent to examine Caper’s front hooves (蹄). The little horse stepped back and let out a painful sound. “They are burning and swollen (肿胀的),” said Grandfather with a heavy heart. “I think he has a mild case of sickness. Horses will eat themselves sick any chance they get. And the sickness has gone straight to this one’s hooves.” “When will he feel better?” asked Aislinn worriedly. Caper was not just their pet — he carried the load of fish to the market every week. Without him, they could not take the fish to the market. Without selling the fish, they would not get their rent paid. Grandfather removed half of the grain from Caper’s feed. He then explained that Caper would soon be right as rain if they cut back on his diet and let him rest properly. The most important thing now, he added, was to bring the heat down and reduce the swelling. “Don’t worry about the fish, child. The sea has always been kind to us.” Grandfather smiled at Aislinn and urged her to get some sleep. Aislinn lay in bed, but sleep would not come. She opened her window. The sliver moon had risen above the sea. Aislinn wondered how Grandfather could sell the fish he’d worked so hard to catch. She wished they had enough money for the rent. But above all, Aislinn wished Caper’s hooves would stop hurting. Damp wind filled the room as she watched the cold waves crash on the beach. Aislinn gradually remembered when she had got a swollen ankle, Grandfather had told her to keep ice on it, and the swelling had gone down. If cold could reduce the heat and swelling in her ankle, perhaps it could ease Caper’s pain as well! There was ice in the fish crate (箱子) to keep the fish fresh, and the cold sea lay only a short walk away, with its waves rolling on and on toward the shore. 注意： (1)续写词数应为150左右； (2)请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Paragraph 1: Aislinn pulled on her sweater and boots and hurried down the hallway. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Paragraph 2: The next morning, Aislinn woke beside the horse. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 Paragraph 1: Aislinn pulled on her sweater and boots and hurried down the hallway. She grabbed a cloth from the kitchen drawer and ran outside to the fish crate. Taking out some ice, she wrapped it in the cloth carefully. Then she made her way to the stable where Caper was resting. As she approached, she could see the little horse’s uneasy expression. She gently placed the ice-wrapped cloth on Caper’s swollen hooves, hoping that the cold would bring him some relief, just as it had for her ankle. Paragraph 2: The next morning, Aislinn woke beside the horse. She looked at Caper’s hooves and was overjoyed to find that the swelling had gone down a lot. Caper seemed more comfortable too, as he let out a soft neigh. When Grandfather came into the stable, he was surprised at what he saw. Aislinn told him what she had done, and Grandfather smiled, saying that she was a clever girl. What made Aislinn even happier was that she knew they could now focus on selling the fish to pay the rent, and Caper would soon be back to carrying the load to the market. 【解析】 【导语】本文以Aislinn一家的经历为线索展开。祖父发现马Caper蹄子肿痛，需减少饮食多休息。Aislinn担心无法卖鱼付租金，更盼Caper好转，想起自己脚踝消肿的方法，打算用冰给马缓解疼痛。 【详解】1.段落续写 ①由第一段句首内容“Aislinn套上毛衣、穿上靴子，匆匆走过走廊。”可知，第一段可以描写Aislinn迅速穿上衣物，拿好布和冰块，匆忙赶往马厩，接着描写她看到小马Caper不安的样子，温柔地用冰敷它肿胀的蹄子，希望能缓解它的疼痛。 ②由第二段句首内容“第二天早上，Aislinn在马儿身边醒来。”可知，第二段可以描写第二天早上Aislinn醒来后发现小马的肿胀消退，内心十分欣喜，祖父看到后也对她表示赞许，最后点明她的开心不仅因为小马好转，更因为可以安心卖鱼交租，生活重回正轨。 2.续写线索：Aislinn匆忙准备冰块——赶往马厩查看小马——用冰块冷敷小马肿胀的蹄子——次日清晨小马肿胀明显消退——告知祖父并得到夸赞——安心准备卖鱼交租，生活迎来希望 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①抓取：grab/seize/snatch ②跑出去：run outside/dash out/sprint out ③告诉：tell/inform/notify 情绪类 ①高兴的：overjoyed/delighted ②惊讶的：surprised/astonished/amazed 【点睛】【高分句型1】Then she made her way to the stable where Caper was resting. (运用了where引导的定语从句) 【高分句型2】When Grandfather came into the stable, he was surprised at what he saw. (运用了When引导的时间状语从句、what引导的宾语从句) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 高三英语 本试卷共8页，满分120分。考试用时120分钟。 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Healthy Eating Plate Use the Healthy Eating Plate as a guide for creating healthy, balanced meals-whether served at the table or packed in a lunch box. Building a Healthy and Balanced Diet The Healthy Eating Plate presents a simple visual guide to building a healthy meal. By showing different food groups on one plate, it stresses balance, choice, and everyday eating habits. HEALTHY EATING PLATE Use healthy oils (like olive and canola oil) for cooking, on salad, and at the table. Limit butter. Avoid trans fat. Drink water, tea, or coffee (with little or no sugar). Limit milk/dairy (1-2 servings/day) and juice (1 small glass/day). Avoid sugary drinks. The more veggies - and the greater the variety - the better. Potatoes and French fries are excluded. Eat a variety of whole grains (like whole-wheat bread, whole-grain pasta, and brown rice). Limit refined grains (like white rice and white bread). Eat plenty of fruits of all colors. STAY ACTIVE! Choose fish, poultry, beans, and nuts; limit red meat and cheese; avoid bacon, cold cuts, and other processed meats. These guidelines highlight what matters most in healthy eating: • The type of carbohydrate (碳水化合物) in the diet is more important than the amount of carbohydrate, because some sources — like vegetables (other than potatoes), fruits, whole grains, and beans — are healthier than others. • It advises consumers to avoid sugary drinks, a major source of calories — usually with little nutritional value — in the American diet. • It encourages consumers to use healthy oils, and it does not set a maximum on the percentage of calories people should get each day from healthy sources of fat. In this way, the Healthy Eating Plate recommends the opposite of the low-fat message promoted for decades by the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA). Your Plate and the Planet Just as different foods can have different impacts on human health, they also have different impacts on the environment. Food production is a major contributor to greenhouse gas emissions (排放), and it places an enormous demand upon our earth’s natural resources. 1. Which food choice would be most likely questioned? A. Nuts added to a salad. B. Brown rice with beans. C. Steamed fish with vegetables. D. Bacon served with white bread. 2. What is the main message of the Healthy Eating Plate? A. To count calories first. B. To follow a low-fat diet. C. To cut carbohydrate intake. D. To focus on diet quality 3. Why is the USDA mentioned in the text? A. To explain how food policies are made. B. To highlight the changes in dietary views. C. To show that the Plate takes official advice. D. To support the idea of limiting fat consumption. B Christmas time with kids is filled with warm traditions: Listening to Christmas music while decorating the tree, going to look at Christmas lights with hot chocolate in hand, and taking the kids to visit Santa Claus. Well, delete that last one. At least for my family. Parents think about how fun it will be at first to take their kids to see Santa, or tell them gifts are on their way from Santa, but this comes with a series of annoying questions about Mr. Claus like how he makes it to all the houses in one night, as well as the broken trust after revealing the truth. I didn’t want that. You may think that our Christmases were rigid, stuffy, and without any warmth or magic. I don’t think so. Part of that is due to what I taught my kids about Christmas. Instead of telling them Santa is real, I told them it most likely has its origins in St. Nicholas, a man who was kind and generous to children in need. Netflix’s 2021 movie “A Boy Called Christmas” is a useful tool for helping kids connect Christmas myths and traditions with reality while keeping the spirit of generosity alive. The month of December is filled with movie and game nights, plays and concerts. These family traditions have added flavor to my kids’ entire childhood. Hopefully, they know now that it’s the time with family, doing special things together, that creates the magic and that my love for them goes well beyond just one day — and that magic, wonder and awe can happen any time with family, especially if we remain generous and grateful. My kids are older now, and they’re glad they didn’t believe the myth of Santa. It was one fewer bad memory for them, one fewer blow to their innocent childhood. 4. What is special for the author’s family’s Christmas time? A. Appreciating Christmas lights. B. skipping visiting Santa Claus. C. Unlocking secrets of Santa Claus. D. Helping Santa Claus deliver gifts. 5. What does the author want to convey to her kids in paragraph3? A. Generosity comes from reality. B. Warmth counts to Christmas. C. St. Nicholas is an unsung hero. D. Santa myth will break kids’ trust. 6. What does the author intend to show by mentioning “the magic of Christmas”? A. To prove that the Santa myth is not necessary for Christmas. B. To explain why family entertainments are popular in December. C. To show that Christmas is the most magical festival for families. D. To stress that shared family time is the core of Christmas’ charm. 7. Which of the following can best describe the author? A. Rigid but caring. B. Generous and devoted. C. Distant but unconventional. D. Thoughtful and insightful. C In recent years, consumers have increasingly sought “clean-label” foods — products made with natural ingredients. This trend has driven scientists to search for safe, natural preservatives (防腐剂，保护剂). They have turned their attention to a part of the cashew nut (腰果) that is often thrown away — the shell. From it, they extract Cashew Nut Shell Liquid (CNSL) and find that it contains special natural substances that can fight bacteria and prevent decay (变质). While this dark liquid has been studied for use in industries like paint and medicine, its potential for preserving food had not been fully explored until now. The scientists designed a careful experiment to test whether CNSL could help preserve beef, one of the most widely consumed meats globally. They applied the liquid to beef samples at different concentrations (含量、浓度). Some meat was left untreated as controls. The samples were then stored under different conditions — some at room temperature and others in refrigeration — for two weeks. During storage, a detailed microbiological evaluation was conducted to quantify total viable (活菌) counts and specific spoilage organisms (腐败菌), including Pseudomonas spp., Clostridium spp., and Proteus spp. Physicochemical analyses monitored changes in pH and water activity, while bacteria growth was assessed during storage at room temperature. The scientists discovered that the CNSL-treated meat showed significantly less bacterial growth than untreated meat. The effect was strongest at higher concentrations, with a 2.0% solution providing excellent protection while maintaining meat quality. Even at room temperature, it effectively delayed the meat’s souring process and reduced bacteria growth, helping the beef stay fresh-looking longer. The researchers note that further studies are needed to understand whether the liquid affects the taste and texture of the beef, and how it might be combined with modern packaging for even better results. Still, this study opens a window into nature’s own way of keeping food fresh — hidden inside a humble cashew shell. 8. Why are scientists studying cashew nut shells? A. To reduce waste in the food industry. B. To improve the taste of processed foods. C. To find natural alternatives to artificial preservatives. D. To develop new industrial materials for paint and medicine. 9. What was the primary focus of the microbiological evaluation? A. The variety of cashew species. B. The safety of refrigerated beef. C. The changes in pH and water activity. D. The effectiveness of CNSL against bacteria. 10. What does the experiment suggest about CNSL? A. It can improve meat quality over time. B. It performs best at room temperature. C. It speeds up the meat’s souring process. D. Its concentration and the storage life are closely related. 11. What is the author’s attitude towards the future of CNSL? A. Fully convinced. B. Cautiously optimistic. C. Hesitant and doubtful. D. Neutral and objective. D Traditional robotic systems lean heavily on satellite-based GPS, whose signals are unstable in extreme geographical conditions. However, future robots will independently conduct search-and-rescue missions or explore dangerous environments with a level of reliability. Yet the most significant barrier to this autonomy is navigation (导航). In response to this challenge, researchers have turned their attention to nature. Nature has spent hundreds of millions of years evolving the art of navigation. The first inspiration comes from insects’ ability to track their own movements relative to a starting point. The second mode is based on birds’ multisensory capabilities to integrate information from several sensory channels. The other one draws inspiration from rodents (啮齿类动物), whose brains enable them to build maps of their surroundings. Rather than adopting a single biological strategy, researchers have built a unified framework that combines them together. Each contributes a different form of spacial awareness and solves a different aspect of the navigation puzzle, and together they provide a system capable of supporting long-term autonomy. To determine whether the system could withstand real-world conditions, researchers have conducted extensive field experiments in challenging environments — from abandoned mines to thick forests where GPS signals fail entirely. The results are striking. The robots stay on course significantly longer with accuracy and the system demonstrates up to 60% higher energy efficiency. The most impressive achievement is its resilience to sensor failure. The moment the robots’ primary sensors break down, multiple subsystems will step in, ensuring continuous performance without human intervention. The emerging era of autonomous exploration begins with a simple insight borrowed from nature: This capacity is not the product of a single perfect system but the harmony of multiple ones. In this sense, robots will become more than machines. They will become partners capable of operating independently in the most demanding environments on Earth and beyond, guided by the evolutionary genius of the natural world. 12. How does the author present the issue in paragraph 1? A. By giving an example. B. By defining a concept. C. By making a contrast. D. By explaining a theory. 13. What is a feature of the newly-built navigation framework? A. It employs combined biological strategies. B. It contains a single form of spacial awareness. C. It enhances animals’ multisensory capabilities. D. It solves the same aspect of the navigation puzzle. 14. What does the underlined word “resilience” in paragraph 3 probably mean? A. The effort to increase efficiency. B. The ability to function normally. C. The intention to explore actively. D. The capacity to analyze situations. 15. What does the author want to convey in the text? A. Humans can exist in harmony with nature. B. Nature remains humans’ greatest engineer. C. The application of navigation is widespread. D. Autonomous exploration regains popularity. 第二节（共5小题：每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 People favor humor, as it lights up daily moments, eases awkwardness and makes every interaction warm and enjoyable. This magic of humor doesn’t just work in daily life; it also shines in the field of science, especially online. ____16____ Firstly, humor simplifies tough scientific knowledge. ____17____ For example, explaining AI in self-driving cars with a funny analogy about “machines learning like clumsy toddlers” makes abstract ideas easy for non-professional groups to understand. ____18____ Scientists sharing clever and humorous stories about laboratory experiments on social media often attract more interactions than dry academic posts. Additionally, humor humanizes scientists, as seen in popular science lectures where light-hearted jokes help audiences feel closer to researchers. ____19____ The hidden risks deserve our attention. If the content itself is untrue, humor can even replace facts, leading the audience to form wrong opinions about scientific knowledge just based on the amusing posts they see. Overusing sarcasm or negative humor also has the opposite effect, as it will quickly make scientists lose the public’s trust and damage their credibility. Proper humor use requires a balance between vivid expression and professional precision. It should neither overshadow the core scientific information nor be so shallow that it loses seriousness. ____20____ Scientists who master this balance can effectively narrow the divide with the public, making science more welcoming and popular. A. Overuse harms professionalism. B. It also boosts audience engagement effectively. C. It helps break the impression of scientists being cold and distant. D. A little humor can greatly enhance scientists’ communication effect. E. Humor in scientific communication is a double-edged sword, though. F. It’s a helper in making complex concepts understandable to ordinary people. G. It is believed humor needs to be used with great care in such communication. 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 In a small village on the sun-baked edge of the Sahara, 15-year-old Amara Keita would watch the sun set behind the dunes (沙丘), always puzzled by a single question: Why did such ____21____ energy go to waste every day? While his peers were chasing makeshift footballs, Amara ____22____ deserted car batteries and solar panels from the local garbage. His teachers thought he was ____23____ — “No university would accept a boy who talks to machines,” they commented. But Amara believed the desert sun could ____24____ the solution to the severe shortage of electricity in his village. To realize his dream, for three years, he worked alone in a mud-brick shelter, ____25____ over 50 models before constructing a solar-powered water pump that could run for 72 hours on a single charge. When the pump successfully irrigated old Moussa’s wheat field, the village elders ____26____ their heads in disbelief. News reached that a visiting UN engineer ____27____ Amara’s design to international investors. Fortunately, they agreed to fund the project. At 19, Amara now leads a team installing solar wires across ____28____ villages, though he still returns to maintain his first pump every weekend as a ____29____. “This old pump makes me remember,” he says, running his fingers over its weathered surface affectionately. Amara’s story proves a truth often forgotten: ____30____ isn’t about having expensive tools, but about spotting potential where others see ____31____. “The desert teaches us two things,” he reflects. “How little we have, and how ____32____ we can make of it.” His next project? A solar-powered school where children won’t have to study by the light of a ____33____ anymore. What began as one boy’s ____34____ has grown into a movement — proving that even the toughest environment can’t ____35____ a determined mind. 21. A. refreshing B. boundless C. invisible D. clean 22. A. collected B. discovered C. transformed D. buried 23. A. curious B. stubborn C. creative D. foolish 24. A. put off B. take in C. get over D. work out 25. A. throwing B. accumulating C. testing D. moving 26. A. nodded B. shook C. raised D. lowered 27. A. donated B. connected C. presented D. sold 28. A. prosperous B. crowded C. beautiful D. remote 29. A. habit B. relief C. reminder D. souvenir 30. A. Innovation B. Revolution C. Vision D. Belief 31. A. opportunity B. failure C. darkness D. waste 32. A. often B. much C. fast D. cheap 33. A. candle B. pump C. lamp D. battery 34. A. job B. dream C. incident D. game 35. A. motivate B. damage C. limit D. enrich 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Perler beads, or, as they’re locally known, Pindou, are suddenly everywhere in China. These tiny plastic beads, which ____36____ (arrange) on pegboards and fused (熔合) with heat to create pixelated designs, have exploded in popularity among young people, becoming a new DIY craze. ____37____ (originate) in Sweden in the 1970s as a therapeutic tool for older adults, perler beads were later adopted ____38____ a children’s toy in North America. In China, they were once an uncommon hobby, but ____39____ (go) mainstream so far. Social media platforms are flooded with creative works, from cute fridge magnets and keychains to intricate art pieces, ____40____ related topics have gained billions of views. The appeal lies in the craft’s simplicity and therapeutic nature. Many young people find the ____41____ (repeat), meditative process of placing each bead by hand to be ____42____ calming escape from the stresses of daily life. It has also become a social activity, with friends gathering at DIY ____43____ (studio) to create together, ____44____ a form of self-expression, allowing people to turn their favorite characters and ideas into tangible objects. This resurgence of a “retro” craft shows that ____45____ trends may change, the human desire to create and connect remains the same. 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 46. 假设你是李华，你的英国好友David对中国传统文化有着浓厚的兴趣。本月，你市博物馆正在举办端午文化数字云展。请你给David写一封邮件，推荐他观看。内容包括： 1．云展内容； 2．推荐理由。 参考词汇：Online Digital Exhibition数字云展 注意： 1．写作词数应为80个左右； 2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置做答。 Dear David, I hope this email finds you well. __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 第二节（满分25分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 The wind swept across the Irish coast as Grandfather bent to examine Caper’s front hooves (蹄). The little horse stepped back and let out a painful sound. “They are burning and swollen (肿胀的),” said Grandfather with a heavy heart. “I think he has a mild case of sickness. Horses will eat themselves sick any chance they get. And the sickness has gone straight to this one’s hooves.” “When will he feel better?” asked Aislinn worriedly. Caper was not just their pet — he carried the load of fish to the market every week. Without him, they could not take the fish to the market. Without selling the fish, they would not get their rent paid. Grandfather removed half of the grain from Caper’s feed. He then explained that Caper would soon be right as rain if they cut back on his diet and let him rest properly. The most important thing now, he added, was to bring the heat down and reduce the swelling. “Don’t worry about the fish, child. The sea has always been kind to us.” Grandfather smiled at Aislinn and urged her to get some sleep. Aislinn lay in bed, but sleep would not come. She opened her window. The sliver moon had risen above the sea. Aislinn wondered how Grandfather could sell the fish he’d worked so hard to catch. She wished they had enough money for the rent. But above all, Aislinn wished Caper’s hooves would stop hurting. Damp wind filled the room as she watched the cold waves crash on the beach. Aislinn gradually remembered when she had got a swollen ankle, Grandfather had told her to keep ice on it, and the swelling had gone down. If cold could reduce the heat and swelling in her ankle, perhaps it could ease Caper’s pain as well! There was ice in the fish crate (箱子) to keep the fish fresh, and the cold sea lay only a short walk away, with its waves rolling on and on toward the shore. 注意： (1)续写词数应为150左右； (2)请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Paragraph 1: Aislinn pulled on her sweater and boots and hurried down the hallway. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Paragraph 2: The next morning, Aislinn woke beside the horse. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $